MXPA06005241A - Method of inserting z-axis reinforcing fibers into a composite laminate - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of inserting a z-x/y direction reinforcing fiber into a composite laminate to provide z-x/y reinforcement therein is disclosed wherein fibers (7) are deposited into x-y composite material (30) in the z-x/y direction wherein the fiber deposition material is offset at an angle during the deposition process including the fiber placement tube 16 and the pathway deposition probe (35).

Description

METHOD FOR INSERTING REINFORCEMENT FIBERS IN THE Z-AXIS IN A COMPOSITE LAMINATE BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a method for producing a composite material and more specifically to a method for incorporating a fiber reinforcement on the z-axis into a composite material on the x-y axes. Traditional composite materials consist of a resin matrix material and a quantity of two-dimensional fibers, continuous in the x-y directions, but laminated in layers to produce a thickness of material. The construction of the composite material, wherein the fiber material such as fiberglass, carbon fiber or aramid fiber is combined with a matrix material, such as thermoplastic or thermosetting resins, is an example of a traditional two-dimensional structure. The resulting structure is produced from "stratified" two-dimensional material (known as sheets). Because the matrix is weaker in terms of strength compared to fiber (in many cases by at least an order of magnitude), the mechanism of failure of these composites when subjected to load tests up to their resistance capacity final is a fracture or formation of a loop or separation of the matrix material.

When this happens, it is known that the composite material has delaminated or the layers of fiber material have separated. Attempts have been made to bind or tie multiple layers of two dimensional composite materials together with directional fibers on the z axis which tie all the layers together. By doing this, delamination can be delayed or eliminated. Some techniques that have been used include three-dimensional entanglement, three-dimensional weaving, and z-axis clamping. All of these methods have shortcomings, drawbacks and are expensive and require work. The patent of E.U.A. 5,589,015 to Fusco et al., Relates to a method and system for inserting reinforcing pins into a composite structure. Ultrasonic energy is applied to the spikes and pressure is applied simultaneously to insert the spikes into the composite structure to join two laminates or reinforcement into a single composite structure. The patent of E.U.A. 5,935,680 for Childress is related to a splined interlaced z-axis spike-like structure that uses a plurality of spikes on the z-axis extending through the core and into each of the face sheets. The spikes are distributed in an interlocked configuration out of the ordinary to provide fracture resistance around the fasteners to connect the composite structure to other structural elements in 5 aerospace applications. The patent of E.U.A. 4,408,461 de Boyce et al., Discloses a translaminar reinforcement structure that uses reinforcement elements on the z-axis and the method for driving these reinforcement elements within the . This composite structure is subjected to a high temperature and decomposes. The patent of E.U.A. 5,789,061 to Campbell et al., Discloses a stiffening reinforced assembly and its method of manufacture. The patent of E.U.A. 5,667,859 of Boyce et al. , also discloses the use of composite connecting parts which includes reinforcing elements that pass through the thickness of the two composite adherents to be joined. The patent of E.U.A. 5,827,383 to Campbell et al., Also discloses a stiffening reinforcement assembly and its manufacturing method. Other patents that describe the use of beam members that are encapsulated within the foam core and which extend between the opposing face sheets to form a composite composite structure are the patent of E.U.A. 5,624,622 to Boyce et al., And the patent of E.U.A. 5,741,574 to Boyce et al. The patent of E.U.A. 5,186,776 de Boyce et al., describes a technique for translaminar reinforcement and the method includes heating and softening the composite laminates by ultrasonic energy and then inserting reinforcement lines therein. An object of the invention is to provide a novel method of inserting an unstable reinforcing fiber into a composite laminate for z-axis reinforcement. An object of the invention is also to provide novel machinery for inserting a reinforcing fiber into the unstable z-axis within a composite laminate. Another object of the invention is to provide a new type of composite material with a substantial fiber reinforcement in the z-axis. A further object of the invention is to provide a novel method for producing layered amounts of three-dimensional metal bars, a sheet structure and interposed of the composite material in a continuous and automated manner.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The method of inserting an unstable reinforcing fiber into a composite laminate for z-axis reinforcement of the laminate requires a fiber deposition material on the z-axis. The side plates of the camera formed between the upper and lower plates within which the material is fed on the x-y axis. The side plates of the camera limit the edges of the material of the x-axis. There would be multiple laterally spaced z-axis fiber deposition machines so that the fibers on the multiple z-axis can be deposited within the material on the x-axis and at the same time. Each can have its own respective opening in the upper plate and in the lower plate and these can be aligned. Beneath each opening in the lower plate is an elongated solid rod having a tapered front tip. This rod is known as the "path deposition probe" (PDP). The PDP is rotated by a motor and then driven up through the opening in the bottom plate, the material of the x-axis and the opening in the top plate. Mounted above each opening in the upper plate is a movable hollow tube whose initial position has its lower end slightly inserted into the opening of the upper plate. The fiber assemblies of the Z-axis are contained on stationary rolls and are free to be continuously pulled from the rolls. The front end of each fiber assembly on the z axis is threaded downwardly through one of the movable hollow tubes to an adjacent position at its lower end. There would be a structure to re-supply a predetermined length of the fiber assembly of the z-axis to each movable hollow tube a new length is needed. After the PDP has been driven upward to its uppermost position, then it is then retracted downwardly to its initial position and simultaneously, the movable hollow tube can be displaced downwardly through the hole created in the material in the xy axis. Even if this happens, the tip of the PDP can remain inserted into the lower end of the movable hollow tube to ensure uniform entry of the hollow tube through the opening in the material of the x-axis and created by the PDP. Each fiber deposition unit in the z-axis has a mechanism to prevent the extraction of the fiber in the z-axis of the material in the x-y axes when the movable hollow tube is pulled upwards. Once the movable hollow tube has been raised to its upper position, the upper end of the fiber on the z-axis that has been inserted into the material of the x-axis is cut. This can complete a complete cycle. Simultaneously, across the width of the housing each of the other fiber deposition units on the z axis may have completed its cycle. Next, the material on the x-y axis is gradually shifted forward to provide a new position for the fibers on the z-axis that will be deposited. Alternatively, the method can provide structure for the gradual change of the housing backwards, instead of a gradual forward change of the composite material of the x-y axis. After the material on the x-axis has had the fibers on the z-axis deposited thereon, it is moved forward to an extrusion die by stretching. Aguí, the heated troguel cures the composite material of the layers and salts of the dies as a composite material of three-dimensional cured fiber. The material is continuously pulled from the die by alternating gripping edges of multiple fasteners that are attached to hydraulic motion control cylinders. It should be noted that the material xy can be impregnated with resin before insertion of the three-dimensional fiber, it can be impregnated with resin after the insertion of the three-dimensional fiber or it can be impregnated with resin "pre-preg" in the factory, in where the xy material is made or where the three-dimensional fiber material is made. In the latter case, impregnation of resin in the process will not be necessary, either before or after the insertion of the three-dimensional fiber material. Another aspect of the invention involves a method of inserting reinforcement fibers into the z-axis within a composite laminate for reinforcement on the z axis of the composite laminate. The method includes providing at least one layer of material consisting of fibers on the x-axis and fibers on the y-axis before incorporation of a reinforcement fiber on the z-axis into at least one layer of material; at least one layer has a top surface, a bottom surface and a predetermined thickness; supplying an elongated path deposition device having a front tip, a body portion, a rear end and a z-axis, and placing the front tip of the trajectory deposition device in close proximity to one of the upper and lower surfaces of at least one layer of material; providing a fiber insert in the elongated movable z axis having a front end, a rear end, an inner wall surface and a z axis; placing the front end of the fiber insert in the movable z-axis in close proximity to the other of the upper and lower surface of at least one layer of material; providing a set of reinforcement fibers on the z-axis having a front end and inserting the front end of the reinforcing fiber bundle on the z-axis into the rear end of the fiber insert on the movable z-axis until it moves substantially to the front end of the element of fiber insertion in the movable z-axis; inserting the path deposition device into and through at least one layer of material at a predetermined distance; temporarily securing the set of reinforcement fibers on the axis za the inner wall of the fiber insert on the z axis so that the reinforcement fiber assembly on the z axis will move with the fiber insert on the shaft z; moving the fiber insertion element on the z axis in the direction of the z axis until the front end of the fiber insertion element on the z axis makes contact with the tip of the trajectory deposition device; moving the fiber insertion element of the z axis and the reinforcement fiber assembly of the z axis secured thereto through the entire thickness of at least one layer of material while at the same time removing the deposition device from the path of at least one layer of material; releasing the reinforcing fiber assembly of the z-axis from the inner wall of the fiber-insertion element of the z-axis and then extracting the fiber-insertion element of the z-axis from at least one layer of material, and in this way causing the reinforcing fiber assembly on the z-axis remains within at least one layer of material as the fiber insert is removed on the z-axis; and cut the fiber of reinforcement of the z axis that is within at least one layer of material from the reinforcement fiber assembly on the z-axis. Another aspect of the invention involves a method for providing a reinforcement fiber on the z-axis within a composite laminate for reinforcement on the z-axis of the composite laminate. The method includes providing at least one layer of material consisting of fibers on the x-axis and fibers on the y-axis before incorporation of a reinforcement fiber on the z-axis into at least one layer of material; at least one layer has a top surface, a bottom surface and a predetermined thickness; providing an elongated path deposition device having a front tip, a body portion, a rear end and a z-axis, and providing the front tip of the path deposition device in close proximity with one of the upper or lower surfaces of at least one layer of material; providing a fiber insert element on the elongated z-axis having a front end, a rear end and an inner wall surface, and a z-axis, and providing the front end of the fiber insert in the movable z axis in close proximity to the other of the upper and lower surfaces of at least one layer of material; provide a set of reinforcement fibers on the z-axis having a front end and inserting the front end of the reinforcing fiber assembly on the z-axis into the rear end of the fiber-insertion element on the z-axis until it is substantially displaced to the end front of the fiber insert on the z-axis; moving at least one layer of material so that the path deposition device is provided within and through at least one layer of material a predetermined distance; moving at least one of the fiber insertion element on the z-axis and the trajectory deposition device in the z-axis direction so that the front end of the fiber insertion element on the z-axis and the tip of the deposition device path coincide; moving at least one layer of material so that the reinforcement fiber assembly on the z axis and the fiber insertion element on the z axis are placed through the entire thickness of at least one layer of material; separating the fiber insert into the z-axis and at least one layer of material, and thereby causing the reinforcing fiber assembly on the z-axis to remain within at least one layer of material; and cutting the reinforcement fiber on the z axis that is within at least one layer of material from the reinforcement fiber assembly on the z-axis.

One aspect of the invention involves a method of inserting a reinforcement fiber in the z-axis into a composite laminate for reinforcement in the z-axis of the composite laminate. The method includes providing at least one layer of composite laminate material before incorporation of a reinforcement fiber on the z-axis into at least one layer of material; at least one layer has a top surface, a bottom surface and a predetermined thickness; providing an elongated path deposition device having a front tip, a body portion, a rear end and a z-axis, and providing the front tip of the path deposition device in close proximity with one of the upper or lower surfaces of at least one layer of material; providing a fiber insert in the elongated movable z-axis having a front end.-, a rear end and a z-axis, and providing the front end of the fiber insert in the movable z-axis in close proximity to the another of the upper or lower surfaces of at least one layer of material; providing a set of reinforcement fibers on the z-axis in the fiber insert in the movable z-axis; inserting the path deposition device into and through at least one layer of material a predetermined distance; move at least a path deposition device and the fiber insertion element on the z-axis in the z-axis direction until the front end of the fiber insertion element on the z-axis coincides with the tip of the trajectory deposition device; moving the fiber insertion element on the z axis and the reinforcing fiber assembly on the z axis through the entire thickness of at least one layer of material while at the same time removing the deposition device at least one layer of material; extracting the fiber insertion element in the z-axis from at least one layer of material and in this way causing the reinforcement fiber assembly in the z-axis to remain inside at least one layer of material as the element is removed of fiber insertion in the z-axis; and cutting the reinforcement fiber on the z axis of the reinforcement fiber assembly on the z-axis. One aspect of the invention involves a method of inserting a reinforcing fiber in the z-x direction or a reinforcing fiber in the z-y direction (below z-x / y) in a composite laminate for z-x / y directional reinforcement of the composite laminate. The method includes providing at least one layer of composite laminate material prior to the incorporation of a directional reinforcing fiber z-x / y into at least one layer of material; at least one layer has a top surface, a bottom surface and a predetermined thickness; providing an elongated path deposition device oriented in a zx / yy direction having a front tip, a body portion, a rear end and a zx / y axis, providing the front tip of the trajectory deposition device in close proximity to one of the upper or lower surfaces of at least one layer of material; providing an elongated movable zx / and directional fiber insertion element oriented in a zx / yy direction having a front end, a rear end and a zx / y axis, providing the front end of the fiber insert in the zx axis / and movable in close proximity to the other of the upper or lower surfaces of at least one layer of material; providing a set of directional reinforcing fibers z-x / y in the directional fiber insertion element z-x / and movable; inserting the path deposition device into and through at least one layer of material a predetermined distance in the z-x / y direction; moving at least one path deposition device and the directional fiber insertion element z-x / y in the z-x / y direction until the front end of the directional fiber insertion element z-x / y matches the tip of the device trajectory deposition; moving the directional insertion element zx / y and the directional fiber assembly zx / and through the entire thickness of at least one layer of material while at the same time extracting the path deposition device from at least one layer of material; extracting the directional fiber insertion element zx / y from at least one layer of material and in this way causing the set of directional reinforcement fibers zx / y to remain within at least one layer of material in the zx direction / and as the directional fiber insertion element zx / y is removed; and cutting the directional reinforcing fiber z-x / y of the directional reinforcing fiber bundle z-x / y.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a schematic side elevational view of a fiber deposition unit on the z-axis; Figure 2 is a schematic side elevation view of the fiber deposition units in the z-axis integrated with the stretch extrusion process; Figure 3 is a schematic side elevational view of a first alternative embodiment of the fiber deposition unit on the z-axis; Figure 4 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view illustrating an interposition structure (sandwich type) having a core covered on its upper and lower surfaces with respective covers formed of a fiber material of x-axis; Figure 5 is an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view taken along lines 5-5 of Figure 4; Figure 6 is an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view taken along lines 6-6 of Figure 5; Figure 7 is a schematic side elevational view of a fiber deposition unit in the z-axis integrated with the extrusion process by stretching, wherein the x-material is impregnated with resin after the insertion of the three-dimensional fiber; and Figure 8 is a schematic side elevational view of another embodiment of the fiber deposition unit wherein the fibers are deposited in the composite material x-y in the z-x / y direction.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED MODALITY The method of inserting the fibers into the z-axis within a composite laminate will now be described reference to figures 1-6 of the drawings. Figure 1 shows a schematic elevation view of the novel z-axis fiber deposition process as well as the related machinery. The key element of only one fiber deposition unit on the z-axis is illustrated in this figure. Following a description of figure 1, an expanded and more detailed description of the multiple z-axis fiber deposition components will be presented. In Figure 1, the cross section of a material on the typical x-y axis is identified with the number 30. The material 30 is a laminate of continuous material movement on the x-y axis. The direction of stretch extraction and continuous processing are defined in the direction on the x axis and are left to right. The direction on the y axis is inside the paper. The direction in the z-axis is from the top to the bottom, through the three-dimensional material. Only some layers or "sheets" of the material 30 on the x-y axis are shown, although clearly, additional layers can be shown. A single layer of material 30 is constituted of material on the x-axis and material on the y-axis, produced by the other methods before incorporation in the fiber-position procedure on the z-axis. This material on the x-y axis can be fibers from woven glass or knitted fiberglass or a combination of each, or it may be a mat or a unidirectional fabric, or it may be another fiber such as carbon or aramid. The material 30 can also be threads. The material 30 is contained in the direction of the z axis by a chamber in the housing that is shown only by the upper and lower plates 20 and 21, respectively. The side plates of the housing, which limit the edges of the material 30, are not shown. Since there are multiple deposition points on the axis za along the axis yy since FIG. 1 shows only one of these points, the edges of the The chamber in the containment housing and the material in the x-axis are not shown. The plates 20 and 21 are pre-separated so that a very compact assembly of layers 30 is stretched across the housing, which compresses the material 30 in the e, je x and even a directional compression in the near-final z axis before receiving The fiber in the zo axis enters the extrusion die by stretching. The material 30 can be impregnated with resin material and is thermosettable, the volume can be removed before entering the chamber in the containment housing defined by the plates 20 and 21. As stated above, the material 30 can also be an interposed structure, without Change the operation or procedure. As shown in Figure 1, the material 30 is a stack of layers of fiber material on the x-y axes, which, after deposition of the directional fiber on the z-axis, will be processed in an almost isotropic bar concentrate. If the material 30 has a thickness of 2.5 cm (1 inch) (for example), there may be 36 layers of the material on the x-axis and that constitute a thickness of 2.5 cm (1 inch). It would be simple construction material to replace by the middle layers of material on the x-axis, a core material 28, such as a foam plastic, polyisocyanurate foam, honeycomb material or balsa wood (see Figures 4-6). ). These core materials are low density and are used in an interposed structure construction. In this way, the material 30 can have six layers of material on the x-axis and on the top, a core material with a thickness of 19 mm (0.75 inches) and six layers of material on the x-axis and on the bottom. The method of fiber deposition in the z-axis described herein may be identical, whether the material 30 is fiber material on the x-axis and 100% or an interposition material having a core and an upper part 27 and a lower part 29 of "cover" material. The key elements of the deposition mechanism of fiber in the z axis are shown in figure 1, although all the details of how certain mechanisms are supported or activated are not shown. The first stage of the process has the material 30 pulled into the chamber in the containment housing between the upper and lower surfaces 20 and 21, respectively. The material 30 stops because the machinery moves synchronously with the extrusion rate by stretching. This allows the "path deposition probe" (PDP) 35 to be inserted through the material 30. Alternatively, the material can be continuously moved and the deposition process can be by gantries and synchronous with the extrusion rate by stretching. The PDP 35 is a rod of elongated solid having a tapered front tip, a body portion and a rear end. The PDP 35 is first rotated by a motor 50 and then, is driven upwards by means of an actuator 61. The procedure then begins in which a set of fibers, shown with the single line 7, is deposited in the stacking of material 30 of the xy axis. The set of fibers is shown as a single line, in fact it can be a set of fiberglass, carbon or another type that contains hundreds or even thousands of filaments of continuous fibers. This procedure is will be referred to as the fiber deposition procedure on the z-axis. The set 7 of fibers on the z axis is contained on a stationary roller 5 which is free to be continuously pulled from the roller 5. The fiber assembly is fed through a guide bushing 10 and through two tubes, one of which is a stationary outer tube 15 and the other is a movable tube 16. The stationary outer tube 15 and the movable inner tube 16 are concentric with very close tolerances and both are penetrated in two places to accept a fiber clamp 12A and a fiber clamp 12B. By definition, the fiber clamp 12A is stationary as it penetrates the stationary outer tube 15. By definition, the fiber clamp 12B is movable since it must move with the movement of the mechanism in the z-axis direction of the movable inner tube 16. The movable fiber clamp 12B may or may not extend when the tube 16 is moved. The clamping mechanism 12B is independent of the drive mechanism for the tube 16, both shown in Figure 1 for clarity purposes. The purpose of the fiber clamps 12A and 12B is to provide positive clamping of the fiber bundle to the interior of the tubes 15 and 16 respectively, at different times and for different purposes. Once the PDP 35 has rotated, it has been driven in the z-axis direction and has completely penetrated the fiber layers 30 of the xy axes, the PDP 35 still does not touch the outer movable tube 16, but has completely passed through the material 30. At this time, the PDP 35 has stopped spinning. As previously mentioned, rotation of PDP 35 aids in the penetration of the material 30 with minimum force and minimal fiber damage in the material 30 of the x-y axis. The next step in the process is as follows: the fiber clamp 12A is opened and the fiber clamp 12B is closed. By actuating the fiber clamp 12B to the closed position, the fiber assembly 7 is fixed to the inner wall of the movable tube 16 and allows the fiber assembly 7 to move with the tube 16. In an alternative embodiment, the assembly 7 of fibers may not be secured to the movable tube 16 when the tube is moved within the material 30. For example, but not by way of limitation, the PDP 35 and the tube 16 may first create a fiber assembly path in the material 30. Once the fiber assembly is generated, the fiber assembly 7 can be inserted into this fiber assembly path, preferably through the tube 17 while the tube 17 is in the fiber assembly path. The tube 17 can then be separated from the fiber assembly path, leaving the fiber assembly 7 in the fiber assembly path in the material 30. As the tube 17 is separated, the fiber assembly 7 can be retained in the PDP 35 or other retention mechanism to prevent the fiber assembly 7 from being accidentally separated from the path of the assembly of fiber with separation of the tube 17. A gripper 12B has secured the fiber assembly 7 to the movable inner tube 16, a mechanism (not shown) moves the inner tube 16 downwardly in the z-axis direction until the lower end of the tube tube 16 makes contact with the exterior of the PDP 35 (which has already penetrated the material 30 of the xy axis) but at the same time is not rotating. Alternatively, the coincidence of the tube 16 and the PDP 35 can occur without the tube 16 and the PDP 35 making contact, instead of matching the tube 16 and the PDP 35 which occurs with the tube 16 and the tube. - PDP 35 who make contact as described in the above. Next, the mechanism that moves the inner tube 16 moves the fiber assembly 7 and the PDP 35 through the entire material 30 of the x-axis. The PDP 35 has generated a path for the inner tube 16 to be inserted through the material 30. A certain amount of low driving force in the PDP 35 ensures that the inner tube 16 remains in intimate contact with the PDP.

. This technique ensures a uniform entry of the tube 16 and the fiber assembly 7 held through the material 30 on the x-y axis. The fiber assembly 7 is pulled by the spool 5 by this procedure. Then the fiber clamp 12B is released to the open position and the fiber clamp 12A is driven to a closed position. In this way, the fiber clamp 12A secures the fiber assembly 7 against the inner wall of the stationary tube 15. This ensures that the fiber assembly 7 remains stationary and deposited in the material 30 of the x-y axis. After this, the movable inner tube 16 is withdrawn from the material 30 of the xy axis and is driven upwards in the z-axis direction back to the original position shown in figure 1. When this step is performed, the assembly 7 fiber does not move. The fiber assembly 7 remains as a set of fibers deposited completely in the direction of the z-axis. Then, the set 7 of fibers is sheared off at the top of the material 30 of the x-axis and by a cutting plate 25 and 26. The stationary part of the cutting plate 26 never moves. The movable portion 25 is actuated by an actuator 60. This cuts the fiber assembly 7, in a manner similar to a cut of scissors, and allows the fiber assembly 7, which is transported by the spool 5, to be separated from the set deposited fiber on the z-axis (alternatively, the fiber on the z-axis can be cut from the set of fibers before insertion instead of after the insertion). This allows a preparation for the second fiber deposition on the z-axis. The preparation includes adjusting the end of the fiber assembly 7 relative to the end of the cutting plate 26. As shown in Figure 1, the end of the fiber assembly 7 is pulled slightly inward from the lower end of the tube 16. This is necessary to allow the point at the tip of the PDP 35 to enter the tube 16 without being retained between the contact points of the inner tube 16 and the PDP 35. This is carried out as follows: Once the cutting plate 25 has cut the fiber on the z-axis deposited from the fiber assembly 7, the end of the assembly 7 of fiber extends slightly below the inner tube 16. Then, the fiber clamp 12A is released and the fiber clamp 12B is actuated and closed. The inner tube 16 is further driven up in the direction of the z-axis, as shown in Figure 1, until the end of the fiber assembly 7 is in the same position relative to that shown in Figure 1. Next, the clamp 12A is actuated and clamped and the clamp 12B is released, releasing it. After this, the inner tube 16 moves downward in the direction of the axis za the position shown in figure 1, and therefore where the relative position of the end of the movable inner tube 16 and the end of the fiber assembly 7 is as shown in figure 1. The set cycle is now repeated . The entire operation described previously can be carried out quickly. Several units of the device, as illustrated in Figure 1, are installed side by side. The movement of a complete housing containing all of the devices of Figure 1 occurs with the material 30 of the x-axis and the plates 25 and 26 remain stationary. In this way, for example, even if the material 30 is stopped, fiber can be deposited on the additional z-axis between the places of two fibers on the z-axis deposited in the first cycle. A large number of sets of fibers in the z-axis in a row, with the stationary material 30, can in fact be deposited. Once a row is completed, which is defined as the fibers on the z-axis deposited linearly in the direction y, the material 30 can be moved relative to the machinery of Figure 1 and a second row of fibers can be deposited on the z axis. This new row may have the same pattern or an alternate pattern, as required. Another device in figure 1 relates mention. The spring 40, which is located at the base of the PDP 35 and between the PDP and the 50 engine has a special purpose. When the inner tube 16 contacts the PDP 35, and subsequently subsequently pushes the PDP 35 back through the layers of the material 30 of the xy axis, a widening may occur at the end of the tube, if the relative strength between the two exceeds certain value. The widening of one end of the tube 16 will result in a failure of the mechanism. The spring 40 avoids this excessive force differential, which results in no spreading of the end of the tube 16. Although the material 30 has been described as being inside the xy plane and the tube 16 and the PDP 35 are moving in the direction z, alternatively, the aforementioned method can include the material 30 moving in the z-direction to provide the reinforcement fiber on the z-axis within the material 30 instead of, or in addition to the tube 16 and the PDP 35 that is; move in the z direction. For example, the method may include supplying an elongated path deposition device 35 in close proximity to one of the upper and lower surfaces of the material 30; which provides a fiber insertion element 16 on the elongated z-axis in close proximity to the other of the surfaces, upper and lower, of the material 30; which provides a reinforcing fiber assembly 7 on the z-axis within the fiber insertion element 16 on the z-axis; moving the material 30 so that the path deposition device 35 is provided in and through the material 30 at a predetermined distance; moving at least one fiber insert 16 on the z axis and the path deposition device 35 in the z axis direction so that the front end of the fiber insert 16 on the z axis and the tip of the trajectory deposition coincide 35; moving the material 30 so that the reinforcement fiber assembly 7 on the z axis and the fiber insertion element 16 on the z axis are placed through the entire thickness of the material 30; separating the fiber insert 16 on the z axis and the material 30 and thereby causing the reinforcement fiber assembly 7 on the z axis to remain within the material 30; and cutting the reinforcement fiber on the z axis that is inside the material 30 from the reinforcement fiber assembly 7 on the z-axis. Figure 2 is a schematic side elevational view of the fiber deposition machinery on the z-axis integrated with the stretch extrusion process. The two-dimensional layers of material 30 on the x-axis are stored on rolls 70. They are pulled through a resin tank 31 where the bi-dimension material is impregnated with resin. Then they are pulled through of volume elimination where, from sequentially, the sheets are stacked and each 72 successive squeezes progressively slightly resin stack of material 30 in the x-axis as the material 30 in the x-axis advances towards the machine 73 of fiber deposition on the shaft z. Once through the machine 73, the three-dimensional fiber composite material, now identified with the number 31 since it has fibers on the z-axis deposited thereon, advances the extrusion die 74 by stretching. Here, the heated die 74 cures the three-dimensional fiber composite material 31 as it advances and leaves the die 74 as the three-dimensional fiber composite material 32 is cured. The material 32 is pulled from the die 74 continuously by an alternating clamping action of two fasteners 75 which are attached to hydraulic cylinders 76 for motion control. Cylinders 76 are cylinders of the CNC type and can be properly positioned and synchronized to the material 30 for deposition on the z-axis. Although the material 30 xy has been described as impregnated with resin prior to its insertion of three-dimensional fiber, with reference to Figure 7, the resin tank 71 can be located in a back part of the line, with respect to the machine 73 of fiber deposition on the z-axis so that the three-dimensional composite fiber material 31 is impregnated with resin after the insertion of the three-dimensional fiber. Alternatively, the material 30 x-y may be impregnated with "pre-preg" resin at the factory where the material 30 x-y is made and / or where the three-dimensional fiber material is made. In this case, it is not necessary in the resin impregnation process, either before or after the insertion of the three-dimensional fiber material. An alternative to the feeding mechanism described above in Figure 1 and shown by the clamps 12A and 12B, and the outer tube 15 and inner tube 16, can be replaced by the feeding mechanism illustrated in Figure 3. This mechanism The power supply requires a more sophisticated motion control than the clip system of Figure 1, as will be apparent from the description that follows. The components of Figure 3 shown above the carrier plate 20 replace the components of Figure 1 shown above the carrier plate 20. The key new components are a tube 16, a urethane coil 19, a free bearing 18, a spring 17 and a driving band 22 as well as a CNC-type motion control motor 23. All of these components are intimately connected to a frame (not shown), which is driven through the plates and 21 potadoras by a motor of type CNC and a screw of ball (which also is not shown). In this way, all of the components 16, 19, 18, 17, 22 and 23 move together as a synchronized unit. The embodiment illustrated in Figure 3 has the same fiber roller 5, the bundle or bundle of fibers 7 and a guide bushing 10. The free bearing 18 and the urethane wheel 19 provide positive clamping of the fiber assembly 7. The spring 17 secures a lateral force of known quantity and is attached to the fiber assembly 7. When the motion control motor 23 is in a fixed position, without rotating, the fiber assembly 7 is clamped and can not be moved. When the motor 23 is rotated, the set 7 of fibers moves relative to the tube 16, since one position of the tube 16 is always the same as the other of the components 19, 18, 17, 22 and 23 of the figure 3. In this way, the fiber assembly 7 is fastened so that it can not move inside the tube 16 or can be moved inside the tube 16 by rotation of the motion control motor 23. Now it should be evident that the mechanisms illustrated in Figure 3 can replace those identified in Figure 1. When the tube 16, with the set 7 of fibers fastened is moved by a CNC motor (not shown) through the material 30 on the xy axis, the Engine 23 does not turn. However, when the tube 16 is pulled from the material 30 of the xy axis, the motor 23 is rotated at the exact speed rate at which the PDP 35 is removed. This can be accomplished with motion hardware and software. Sophisticated today. To do this, the fiber assembly 7 remains stationary relative to the material 30 on the x-y axis, although the tube 16 is pulled. The advantage of the mechanism in Figure 3, while providing functions identical to their counterparts in Figure 1, is that the speed of the procedure can improve or eliminate the alternative clamping of the clamps 12A. and 12B. However, any set of mechanisms is available for the described invention. Figure 8 is a schematic side elevational view of another embodiment of a fiber deposition unit wherein the fibers 7 are deposited in the composite material x-y in the z-x / y direction. As used herein, the zx / y direction of reinforcing fiber or deposition fiber 7 in the zx / y direction means that the fiber 7 can be deposited in the material 30 x and in the zx direction, in the zy direction or in the direction zxy. The fiber deposition unit illustrated in Figure 8 is similar to the fiber deposition unit in the z axis described above with respect to Figure 3, except that the fiber deposition equipment located above of the composite material xy (for example, tube 16, urethane coil 19, free bearing 18, spring 17, driving band 22, CNC-type motion control motor 23), is generally deviated along the x direction ( or the direction and or direction x and y) with respect to the fiber deposition equipment which is located below the composite material x and (e.g., PDP 35, spring 40, motor 50, actuator 61). In addition, part of the equipment of the fiber deposition unit is placed at an angle in the z-x / y direction (e.g., tube 16 with fiber 7, PDP 35). The deposition of the fibers 7 in the material 30 xy occurs in the same manner as described above with respect to Figure 3, except that the fibers 7 are deposited at an angle in the material 30 xy, in the zx direction / y (that is, through one or more layers of the material xy but not perpendicular to the z-axis). The orientation of the fibers 7 at an angle in the zx / y direction in the material 30 x and not only reinforces the tenacity of the composite material in the z-direction, but increases the shear strength, the shear modulus, the moment of inertia of the composite material. This makes the composite material ideal for applications that require flexural stiffness and shear stiffness.

Claims (19)

1. Method for inserting a reinforcing fiber in the zx / direction and in a composite laminate for directional reinforcement zx / y of the composite laminate, comprising: providing at least one layer of composite laminate material before incorporation of a directional reinforcement fiber zx / y in at least one layer of material; at least one layer has a top surface, a bottom surface and a predetermined thickness; providing an elongated path deposition device oriented in a zx / yy direction having a front tip, a body portion, a rear end and a zx / y axis, providing the front tip of the trajectory deposition device in close proximity to one of the upper or lower surfaces of at least one layer of material; providing a directional fiber insertion element zx / y movable, elongated, oriented in a zx / y direction and having a front end, a rear end and a zx / y axis, providing the front end of the fiber insert in the zx / y axis movable in close proximity to the other of the upper and lower surface of at least one layer of material; provide a set of directional reinforcement fibers z-x / y in the element of directional fiber insertion z-x / and movable; inserting the path deposition device into and through at least one layer of material at a predetermined distance in the z-x / y direction; moving at least one of the trajectory deposition device and the directional fiber insertion element zx / y in the zx / y direction until the front end of the directional fiber insertion element zx / y makes contact with the tip of the device of trajectory deposition; moving the directional insertion element zx / y and the directional fiber assembly zx / and through the entire thickness of at least one layer of material while at the same time extracting the path deposition device from at least one layer of material; removing the directional fiber insertion element zx / y from at least one layer of material, and therefore causing the directional reinforcement fiber assembly zx / y to remain within at least one layer of material in the direction zx / y as the directional fiber insertion element zx / y is removed; cut the directional reinforcement fiber z-x / y from the directional reinforcement fiber assembly z-x / y.

2. Method as described in claim 1, wherein the path deposition device is rotating during insertion in at least one layer of material . Method as described in claims 1 or 2, further comprising gradually changing at least one layer of material forward so that the previous steps can be repeated in order to deposit a directional reinforcement fiber zx / y additional in at least one layer of material. Method as described in claim 3, wherein at least one layer of material moves first forward and then becomes stationary in order to deposit additive zx / y directional reinforcing fibers in at least one layer of material . Method as described in claim 3, wherein the gradual change of at least one layer of material forward and the deposit of directional reinforcement fiber zx / y additional in at least one layer-of-material It is done in a synchronized way. Method as described in claims 1 or 2, further comprising the gradual rearward shift of the machinery performing the operations of inserting a directional reinforcing fiber z-x / y into a composite laminate for the directional reinforcement z-x / y; At least one layer of material remains stationary. 7. Method as described in any of the claims 1-6, further comprising the step of passing through at least one layer of material with its directional reinforcement fibers z-x / and freshly inserted through a stretch extrusion die to cure composite material. 8. A method as described in any of claims 1-7, further comprising multiple layers of material stacked one on top of the other and into which the directional reinforcing fiber z-x / y is inserted. 9. Method as described in the claim 8, in which part of the layers of material are vertically separated from each other by a core layer of material. A method as described in claim 9, wherein the core layer of material is made of at least one of foam plastic and polyisocyanurate foam. 11. Method as described in the claim 9, where the core layer of material is made of balsa wood. 12. Method as described in claim 9, wherein the core layer of material is made of honeycomb material. 1

3. Method as described in any of claims 1-12, wherein the fiber assembly of Directional reinforcement z-x / y is made of glass fibers. 1

4. Method as described in any of claims 1-12, wherein the set of directional reinforcing fiber z-x / y is made of carbon fibers. 1

5. Method as described in any of claims 1-12, wherein the set of directional reinforcing fibers z-x / y is made of aramid fibers. 1

6. Method as described in any of claims 1-15, wherein the trailing end of the path deposition device has a damping spring to prevent widening of the front end of the directional fiber insertion element z-x / y. 1

7. Method as described in any of claims 1-16, wherein at least one layer of material is comprised of fibers on the x-axis and fibers on the y-axis. 1

8. Method as described in any of claims 1-16, wherein at least one layer of material is comprised of threads. 1

9. Method for supplying a reinforcement fiber in the z-axis within a composite laminate for reinforcement in the z-axis of the composite laminate, which comprises: providing at least one layer of material made of fibers in the x-axis and fibers in the axis and before the incorporation of a reinforcement fiber on the z-axis into at least one layer of material; at least one layer has a top surface, a bottom surface and a predetermined thickness; providing an elongated path deposition device having a front tip, a body portion, a rear end and a z axis, and providing the front tip of the path deposition device in close proximity to one of the upper or lower surfaces of at least one layer of material; providing an elongated z-axis fiber insert having a front end, a trailing end, an inner wall surface and a z axis and providing the front end of the fiber insert in the movable z axis in close proximity to the another of the upper or lower surface of at least one layer of material; providing a set of reinforcement fibers on the z-axis having a front end and inserting the front end of the reinforcing fiber bundle on the z-axis into the rear end of the fiber insert on the z-axis until it is substantially displaced to the front end of the fiber insert in the z-axis; moving at least one layer of material so that the path deposition device is provided in and through at least one layer of material at a predetermined distance; moving at least one of the fiber insertion element on the z-axis and the trajectory deposition device in the z-axis direction so that the front end of the fiber insertion element on the z-axis and the tip of the deposition device path coincide; moving at least one layer of material so that the set of reinforcement fibers on the z-axis and the fiber-insertion element on the z-axis are placed through the entire thickness of at least one layer of material; separating the fiber insertion element on the z axis and at least one layer of material and thereby causing the reinforcement fiber assembly on the z axis to remain within at least one layer of material; cutting the reinforcement fiber on the z axis that is inside at least one layer of reinforcement fiber material on the z-axis.