MXPA05002726A - Succinic acid semi-amides as anti-corrosives agents. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to improved compositions based on lubricants and comprising succinic acid semi-amides and to the use of those lubricant compositions in improving the use properties of lubricants, such as hydraulic or metal-working fluids, greases, gear oils or engine oils.

Description

Semi-amides of Succinic acid. As Anti-Aging Agents Corrosives The present invention relates to compositions comprising semi-amides of succinic acid and to the use of those compositions in improving the properties of use of lubricants, such as hydraulic fluids and working fluids of metals, fats, gear oils or oils. motor. The additives that have to fulfill the required tasks, such as the high carrying capacity, protection against wear and corrosion, and the antioxidant action, are added to the lubricants. In addition, the properties of the lubricants should not be modified disadvantageously, in the presence of contaminants. Often, in the companies of the mineral oil industry, the oils are mixed with the concentrates or "packages" of commercially available additives. Contamination with water, calcium detergents and residues of other lubricants, may occur during the mixing process. As a result, the action of the additive components, with respect to corrosion, is reduced, for example, due to the formation of hydrolysis products and the precipitation of the calcium residues, poorly soluble, the latter being especially disadvantageous, because they block filtration systems. The present invention relates to the problem of producing lubricating compositions that provide improved protection against corrosion, combined with good compatibility with calcium ions. U.S. Patent Specification No. 4,462,918 discloses lubricating compositions that provide protection against wear and corrosion, which comprise an ester-like component of N-acyl-N-alkylaminosuccinic acid (aspartic acid esters, aspartates ). U.S. Patent Specification No. 5,275,748 describes lubricant compositions that provide protection against wear and corrosion, which comprise a component of the N-acyl-N-alkoxyalkylamino-succinic acid ester type. It has now been found, surprisingly, that the succinic acid half-amides, which can be obtained by the reaction of succinic acid anhydride with the β-amino acid derivatives, improve the protection against corrosion in lubricating compositions, while At the same time, the formation of products and waste from precipitation is reduced.

The invention relates to compositions comprising a) at least one compound of the formula: wherein: Ri is a substituent, selected from the group consisting of Ci-C22alkyl, C2-C22alkyl substituted by hydroxy, C2-C22alkyl interrupted by -C (= 0) -, -0-C (= 0) - or by -NRa-C (= 0) -, C3-C22alkyl interrupted by -0-, -S-, -NRa-, -C (= 0) -0- or by -C (= 0) -NRa-, in which Ra denotes hydrogen or Ci-C22alkyl, phenyl, benzyl, 1- or 2-phenylethyl, 2-phenoxyethyl, furfuryl, 1-naphthyl, 1-naphthylmethyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexylmethyl, and isobornyl; R2 and R3 are hydrogen, or one of R2 and 3 is hydrogen and the other is methyl; and X is carboxy or carboxylate and Y + is a salt-forming cation, suitable for lubricating compositions; or carboxy derivative, selected from the group consisting of cyano, carboxy esterified by Ci-C22alkyl, carboxy esterified by hydroxy-C2-C22alkyl, carboxy esterified by C2-C22alkyl interrupted by -C (= 0) -, -C (= 0) -O- or by -C (= 0) -NRa-, carboxy esterified by C3-C22alkyl interrupted by -O-, -S-, -NRa-, -0-C (= 0) - or by -NRa- ( C = 0) -, in which R3 denotes hydrogen or Ci-C22alkyl, carboxy esterified by phenyl, benzyl, 1- or 2-phenylethyl, 2-phenoxyethyl, furfuryl, 1-naphthyl, 1-naphthylmethyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexyl-methyl, isobornyl, and carbamoyl, of the partial formula: In which Rb and Rc are each, independently of the other, hydrogen, d-C22alkyl or 2-hydroxyethyl, or Rb and Rc together are C2-C8alkylene, C2-C8alkenylene, C2-C8alcadienylene or C2-C3alkylene, C2-C3alkenylene or C2-C8alcadienylene interrupted by -O- or by -NRa-, with Ra being as defined above; and a hydrogen ion or is a salt-forming cation, suitable for lubricating compositions; and b) a base oil, of lubricating viscosity.

The compounds (I) have an excellent corrosion inhibiting action, combined with good compatibility with calcium ions, which may be present in the lubricants, especially as constituents of the detergents. A preferred embodiment refers to compositions comprising: a) at least one compound (I), wherein: Ri is a substituent, selected from the group consisting of Ci-C22alkyl, C2-C22alkyl substituted by hydroxy, C2-C22alkyl interrupted by -C (= 0) -, -0-C (= 0) - or by -NRa-C (= 0) -, C3-C22alkyl interrupted by -O-, -S-, -NRa-, -C (= 0) -0- or by -C (= 0) -NRa-, in which Ra denotes hydrogen or Ci-C22alkyl, phenyl, benzyl, 1- or 2-phenylethyl, 2-phenoxyethyl, furfuryl, 1-naphthyl, 1- naphthylmethyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexylmethyl and isobornyl; R2 and R3 are hydrogen, or one of R2 and R3 is hydrogen and the other is methyl; X is carboxy derivative, selected from the group consisting of cyano, carboxy esterified by d-C22alkyl, carboxy esterified by hydroxy-C2-C22 < alkyl, carboxy esterified by C2-C22alkyl interrupted by -C (= 0) -, -C (= 0) -0- or by -C (= 0) -NRa-, carboxy esterified by C3-C22alkyl interrupted by -0- , -S-, -NRa-, -0-C (= 0) - or by -NRa- (C = 0) -, in which Ra denotes hydrogen or Ci-C22alkyl, carboxy esterified by phenyl, benzyl, 1- or 2-phenylethyl, 2-phenoxyethyl, furfuryl, 1-naphthyl, 1-naphthylmethyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexylmethyl, isobornyl, and carbamoyl, of the partial formula (A), in which Rb and Rc are each, independently of the other, hydrogen , Ci-C22alkyl or 2-hydroxyethyl, or Rb and Rc together are C2-C8alkylene, C2-C8alkenylene, C2-C3alcadienylene or C2-C8alkylene, C2_C8alkenylene or C2-C8alcadienylene interrupted by -0- or by -NRa-, Ra being like was previously defined; and is a hydrogen ion or is a salt-forming cation, suitable for lubricating compositions; and b) a base of lubricating viscosity.

An especially preferred embodiment corresponds to the following compositions, comprising: a) at least one compound (I), wherein: is an substituent, selected from the group consisting of Ci-C22alkyl, C2-C22alkyl interrupted by -C (= 0) - or by -0-C (= 0) -, C3-C22alkyl interrupted by -0-, -S- or by -C (= 0) -0-, phenyl and benzyl; R2 and R3 are hydrogen; X is carboxy derivad, selected from the group consisting of cyano, carboxy esterified by Ci-C22alkyl, carboxy esterified by hydroxy-C2-C22alkyl, carboxy esterified by C2-C22alkyl interrupted by -C (= 0) - or by -C (= 0) -0-, carboxy esterified by C2-C22alkyl interrupted by -0-, -S- or by -0-C (= 0) -, and carbamoyl of the partial formula (A), defined as heterocyclylcarbonyl; and Y + is a hydrogen ion, ammonium, (Ci-C4alkyl) i-jamonium or (2-hydroxyethyl) and b) a base of lubricating viscosity.

A very especially preferred embodiment relates to compositions comprising: a) at least one compound (I), wherein: Ri is a substituent selected from the group consisting of Ci-C22alkyl, C3-C22alkyl interrupted by -0-, phenyl, and benzyl; R2 and R3 are hydrogen; X is carboxy derivative, selected from the group consisting of cyano, carboxy esterified by Ci-C22alkyl, carboxy esterified by C3-C22alkyl interrupted by -0-, and carbamoyl of the partial formula (A) defined as piperidinocarbonyl, piperazinylcarbonyl or morphblinocarbonyl; and Y + is a hydrogen ion, ammonium, (Ci-C-alkyl) i4ammonium or (2-hydroxyethyl) i-4ammonium; and b) a base oil of lubricating viscosity.

A particularly preferred embodiment also relates to compositions comprising: a) at least one compound (I), wherein: Ri is a substituent, selected from the group consisting of Ci-Ci8alkyl, C3-Ci8alkyl interrupted by -0-, phenyl, and benzyl; R2 and R3 are hydrogen; X is carboxy and Y is ammonium, (Ci-C4alkyl) i-4ammonium or (2-hydroxyethyl) i_4 ammonium; or X is carboxylate or carboxy derivative, selected from the group consisting of cyano, carboxy esterified by Ci-CiSalkyl, carboxy esterified by C3-Ciaalkyl interrupted by -0-, and morpholinocarbamoyl; and Y + is hydrogen, ammonium, (Ci-C-alkyl) i-ammonium or (2-hydroxyethyl) and b) a base of lubricating viscosity.

The compounds (I) are prepared in a manner known per se, for example by the addition of a primary amine Ri-NH to an acrylic acid derivative: (X = carboxy, carboxylate or a derivative of carboxy) (The addition of amines to the carbonyl, β-unsaturated compounds) to form a derivative of a β-amino acid. which is acylated with a reactive, functional derivative of succinic acid, for example, succinic anhydride or succinic acid monochloride. DE-A-2 054 649 discloses the addition of primary amines to the acrylic acid esters and the subsequent reaction with the succinic anhydride. The compounds described herein can be used, inter alia, as textile auxiliaries.

The terms and the general designations used in the description of the present invention are preferably defined as follows: Component a), - Compounds (I) Ri and Ra, defined as Ci-C22alkyl, include hydrocarbon groups, saturated, unbranched, or when possible, branched, especially Ci-Cgalkyl, for example methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tere. -butyl, n-pentyl, neopentyl, isopentyl, n-hexyl, 2-ethylbutyl, 1-methylpentyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, n-heptyl, 3-heptyl, 1-methylhexyl, isoheptyl, n-octyl, -ethylhexyl, 1, 1,3, 3-tetramethylbutyl, 1-methylheptyl, n-nonyl or 1,1,3-trimethylhexyl, and also Cι-C22alkyl, especially Cι-C 22 straight-chain alkyl, for example n-decyl , n-dodecyl, n-tetradecyl, n-hexadecyl or n-octadecyl or branched Cι-C22 alkyl, for example 1, 1, 3-trimethylhexyl, 1-methylundecyl, 2-n-butyl-n-octyl, isotridecyl, 2-n-hexyl-n-decyl or 2-n-octyl-n-dodecyl, or their major homologs. i, defined as C2-C22alkyl substituted by hydroxy includes saturated, unbranched hydrocarbon groups, having from 2 to 9 carbon atoms, for example, 2-hydroxyethyl or 2- or 3-hydroxypropyl. defined as C2-C22alkyl which is interrupted by -C (= 0) -, -0-C (= 0) - or by -NRa-C (= 0) - includes hydrocarbon groups, branched and unbranched, having, preferably from 2 to 9 carbon atoms, for example, acetonyl, acetoxycarbonylmethyl, 2-acetoxycarbonylethyl, 2-tert-butoxycarbonylethyl or N, N-diethylcarbamoyl. defined as C3-C22alkyl, interrupted by -O-, -S-, -NRa-, -C (= 0) -0- or by -C (= 0) -NRa- includes hydrocarbon groups, branched and unbranched , which preferably have from 3 to 18 carbon atoms, for example 2-methoxyethyl, 2- or 3-methoxypropyl, 2-, 3- or 4-methoxybutyl, 2-ethoxyethyl, 2- or 3-ethoxypropyl, 2- , 3- or 4-ethoxybutyl, 2-n-propoxyethyl, 2- or 3-n-propoxypropyl, 2-, 3- or 4-n-propoxybutyl, 2- isopropoxyethyl, 2- or 3-isopropoxypropyl, 2-, 3- or 4-isopropoxybutyl, 2-n-butoxyethyl, 2- or 3-n-butoxypropyl, 2-, 3- or 4-n-butoxybutyl, 2- tert-butoxyethyl, 2- or 3-tert-butoxypropyl, 2-, 3- or 4-tert-butoxybutyl, 2-methylthioethyl, 2- or 3-methylthiopropyl, 2-ethylthioethyl, 2-dimethylaminoethyl, 2- or 3-dimethylaminopropyl, 2-diethylaminoethyl, 2- or 3-diethylaminopropyl, 2-acetoxyethyl or 2- ( N-acetoxy-N-methyl) -ethyl. , In the compounds (I), R? and R3 are hydrogen, or one of R2 and R3 is hydrogen and the other is methyl. Preferably, R2 and R3 are hydrogen. When X in the compounds (I) is carboxy or carboxylate [-C (= 0) -0 ~], Y + is a salt-forming cation, suitable for lubricating compositions, for example ammonium, tetramethylammonium, tetraethylammonium or 2-hydroxyethyltrimethylammonium. . Only one carboxy group is present in substantially undissociated form [-C (= 0) -OH] or in the salt form [-C (= 0) -0 ~], for example, with ammonium, tetramethylammonium, tetraethylammonium ions or 2-hydroxyethyl-trimethylammonium. In a preferred embodiment, X is unsubstituted or substituted carboxy derivative or carbamoyl, as defined herein below. ^ is then a hydrogen ion or a salt-forming cation, suitable for lubricating compositions. X, defined as carboxy esterified by Ci-C22alkyl is for example, a carboxy group, which is esterified by the Ci-C22alkyl groups, defined hereinabove for Ri, for example saturated, unsaturated hydrocarbon groups or, where possible, branched , for example methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, neopentyl, isopentyl, n-hexyl, 2-ethylbutyl, 1-methylpentyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, n-eptyl, 3-heptyl, 1-methylhexyl, isoheptyl, n-octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, 1, 1,3, 3-tetramethylbutyl, 1-methylheptyl, n-nonyl or 1, 1,3-trimethylhexyl, and also by C-C22alkyl , especially Ciú-C22 straight chain alkyl, for example, n-decyl, n-dodecyl, n-tetradecyl, n-hexadecyl or n-octadecyl. defined as carboxy esterified by hydroxy-C2-C22alkyl, is, for example, a carboxy group, such as a carboxy group that is esterified by hydroxy-C2-C22alkyl, defined herein above for R :, eg 2-hydroxyethoxycarbonyl 2- or 3-hydroxypropoxycarbonyl. defined as carboxy esterified by C2-C22alkyl interrupted by -C (= 0) -, -C (= 0) -0- or by -C (= 0) -NRa- is, for example, a carboxy group esterified by Cz- Cz, alkyl, defined herein above, for RL1 interrupted by -C (= 0) -, -C (= 0) -0- or -C (= 0) -NRa-, for example acetonyloxycarbonyl, acetoxycarbonylmethoxycarbonyl or 2-acetoxycarbonyl-ethoxycarbonyl . defined as carboxy esterified by C3-C22alkyl interrupted by -0-, -S-, -NRa-, -0-C (= 0) - or by -NRa- (C = 0) - is, for example, a carboxy group esterified by C3-C22alkyl (defined hereinabove for Ri) interrupted by -0-, -S-, -NRa-, -0-C (= 0) - or by -NRa- (C = 0) -, for example. 2- methoxyethoxycarbonyl, 2- or 3-methoxypropoxycarbonyl, 2-, 3- or 4-methoxybutoxycarbonyl, 2-ethoxyethoxycarbonyl, 2- or 3-ethoxypropoxycarbonyl, 2-, 3- or 4-ethoxybutoxycarbonyl, 2-methylthioethoxycarbonyl, 2- or 3-methylthiopropoxycarbonyl, 2-ethylthioethoxycarbonyl, 2-dimethylaminoethoxycarbonyl, 2- or 3-dimethylaminopropoxycarbonyl, 2-diethylamino-ethoxycarbonyl, 2- or 3-diethylaminopropoxycarbonyl, 2-acetoxyethoxycarbonyl or 2- (N-acetoxy-N-methyl) -ethoxycarbonyl. defined as carbamoyl, of the partial formula A, is, for example, carbamoyl, dimethyl- or diethyl-carbamoyl lo. In addition, Rb and Rc can be linked together by C2-C &alkylene, for example. 1, -n-butylene or 1,5-n-pentylene, for C2-C8alkenylene, for example. 2- butenylene, or by C2-C8alcadienylene, for example. 1,3-butadienylene and, together with --N < , form a heterocycle, which can, in turn, contain further heteroatoms, for example N or 0. In that case, the partial formula A corresponds to the heterocyclocarbonyl substituent, for example piperidinocarbonyl, piperazinylcarbonyl or mofolinocarbonyl. In the compounds (I), described hereinabove, the sum of the carbon atoms present in R and X is preferably greater than ten. The definition used for Y +, "a cation that forms salt, suitable for lubricating compositions", includes those cations that form salt, which together with the carboxylate group form metal salts suitable for the lubricating compositions, for example an alkali metal salt , an alkaline earth metal, zinc. (Zn2 +) or copper (Cu21), for example sodium, potassium, calcium, zinc "4 or Cu2 + ions." In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the definition used for Y +., "A salt-forming cation, suitable for "lubricant compositions" means those salt-forming cations which, together with the caboxylate group, form suitable non-metallic salts, for example ammonium, (Ci-C22alkylo) i-4ammonium or (2-hydroxyethyl) for example, tetramethylammonium, tetraethylammonium or 2-hydroxyethyltrimethylammonium.

The compounds (I) are readily soluble in oils and can be mixed with a base oil of lubricating viscosity, for example a lubricant, in a manner known per se.

Component b), Base Oil. The definition of "base oil of lubricating viscosity" includes, for example, lubricants that can be used for hydraulic or working fluids of metals, greases, gear oils or engine oils. Suitable lubricants are based, for example, on mineral or synthetic oils, or mixtures thereof. Those skilled in the art will be familiar with the lubricants, which are described in the relevant technical literature, for example in Chemistry and Technology of Lubricants, Mortier, R. M. and Orszulik, S.T. (Editors), 1992 Blackie and Son Ltd, for GB. VCN-Publishers N.Y. for the USA, ISBN 0-216-92921-0, see pages 208 et seq.; in Kirk-Othmer Encylopedia of Chemical Technology, Fourth Edition 1969, J. Wilet & Sons, New York, Vol. 13, pages 533 et seq. (Hydrulic Fluids); Performance Testing of Hydraulic Fluids; R. Tourret and E. 0. Wright, Hyden & Son Ltd. GB, on behalf of The Institute or Petroleum London, IBN 0 85501 317.6; Ullmann's Encyclopaedia of Ind. Chem., Fifth Completely Revised Edition, Verlag Chemie, DE-Weinheim, VCH-Publisher for the USA, Vol. A 15 page 423 et seq. (Lubricants), Vol. 13, page 165 et seq. (Hydraulic Fluids). Lubricants are especially oils and fats, for example based on mineral oil or vegetable and animal oils, fats, tallow and wax, or mixtures thereof. The vegetable and animal oils, fats, tallow and wax are, for example, palm kernel oil, palm oil, olive oil, rape seed oil, rapeseed oil, linseed oil, soybean oil, cottonseed oil, sunflower oil, coconut oil, corn oil, castor oil, walnut oil, and mixtures thereof, heavy oils and their chemically modified forms, for example the epoxidized and sulfoxidated forms, or forms produced by genetic engineering, for example soybean oil produced by genetic engineering. Examples of synthetic lubricants include lubricants based on esters of carboxylic, aliphatic or aromatic acids, polymeric esters, polyalkylene oxides or, esters of phosphoric acid, poly-ct-olefins, or silicones, diesters of a divalent acid with a monohydric alcohol, such as, for example, dioctyl sebacate or dinonyl adipate, triesters of trimethylolpropane with a monovalent acid or with a mixture of such acids, such as, for example, trimethylolpropane tripelargonate, trimethylolpropane tricaprylate or their mixtures , tetraesters of pentaerythritol with a monovalent acid or with a mixture of such acids, such as, for example, pentaerythritol tetracaprylate, or complex esters of monovalent or divalent acids with polyhydric alcohols, for example a complex ester of trimethylolpropane with caprylic acid and sebacic, or a mixture thereof. Apart from mineral oils, polya-olefins, ester-based lubricants, phosphates, glycols, polyglycols and polyalkylene glycols, and also mixtures thereof with water, are especially suitable. An organic or inorganic thickener can also be added to the aforementioned lubricants or their mixtures (base greases). The working fluids of metals and hydraulic fluids can be prepared on the basis of the same substances, as described here above for lubricants. Such fluids are frequently also emulsions of such substances in water or other liquids. The compositions contain from 0.005 to 10.0% by weight, preferably from 0.01 to 5.0% by weight, especially from 0.01 to 0.9% by weight, of the compounds (I). These compositions are used, for example, in the hydraulic or working fluids of metals, greases, gear oils, or oils for Otto, diesel, two-stroke, Wankel or orbital engines. The mentioned lubricants may additionally comprise other additives, which are added in order to improve their basic properties even more; such additives include: antioxidants, metal deactivators, mold inhibitors, agents that improve the viscosity index, agents that decrease the pour point, dispersants, detergents, extreme pressure additives, anti-wear additives and friction reducers. Such additives are added in the customary amounts in each case, in the range of about 0.01 to 10% by weight of. each one. The following are examples of further additives.

Phenolic Antioxidants Lyphenols alkylated: 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2-butyl-4,6-dimethylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol, 2,6-di -tert-butyl-4-n-butylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-isobutylphenol, 2,6-dicycloperityl-4-methylphenol, 2- (a-methylcyclohexyl) -4,6-dimethylphenol, 2 , 6-dioctadecyl-4-methylphenol, 2,4,6-tricyclohexylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methoxymethylphenol, linear nonylphenols or branched nonylphenols in the side chain, eg 2,6-dinonil -4-methylphenol, 2,4-dimethyl-6- (1 '-methylundec-1'-yl) -phenol, 2,4-dimethyl-6- (11-methylheptadec-11-yl) -phenol, 2,4 -dimethyl-6- (11 -rathyltridec-1'-yl) -phenol and its mixtures.

Alkyltiomethylphenols: 2,4-dioctylthiomethyl-6-tert-butylphenol, 2, -dioctylthiomethyl-6-methylphenol, 2,4-dioctylthiomethyl-6-ethylphenol, 2,6-didodecyl-thiomethyl-4-nonylphenol.

Hydroquinones and alkylated hydroquinones: 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenol, 2,5-di-tert-butyl-hydroquinone, 2,5-di-tert-amylhydroquinone, 2,6-diphenyl-4- octadecyloxy-phenol, 2,6-di-tert-butylhydroquinone, 2,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-anisole, stearate of 3, 5 di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl, bis (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy phenyl) adipate.

Tocopherols: α-tocopherol, β-tocopherol, α-tocopherol, d-tocopherol and their mixtures (Vitamin E).

Hydroxylated thiodiphenyl ethers: 2,2'-thiobis (6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol), 2,2'-thiobis (4-octyl-phenol), 4,4'-thiobis (6-tert-butyl) -3-methylphenol), 4, '-thiobis (6-tert-butyl-2-methylphenol), 4,4'-thiobis (3,6-di-sec-amyl phenol), 4,4' disulfide bis (2,6-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-phenyl).

Bisphenols of alkylidene: 2,21-methylenebis (6-tert-butyl-4-methyl phenol), 2,2'-methylenebis (6-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis [-methyl] - 6- (α-methylcyclohexyl) phenol], 2,2'-methylenebis (4-methyl-6-cyclohexylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis (6-noni1-methylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis (4,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 2,2'-ethylidenebis (4,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 2,2'-ethylidenebis (6-tert-butyl-4-isobutylphenol), 2 , 2 '-methylene-bis [6- (a-methylbenzyl) -4-nonylphenol], 2,2'-meti-lean-bis [6- (a, -dimethyl-l-benzyl) -4-nonylphenol], 4, 4' -methylene-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 4,4'-methylenebis (6-tert-butyl-2-methylphenol), 1,1-bis (5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-) methylphenyl) -butane, 2,6-bis (3-tert-butyl-5-methyl-2-hydroxybenzyl) -4- methylphenol, 1,1,3-tris (5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2) -methylphenyl) -butane, 1,1-bis (5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl) -3-n-dodecyl mercaptobutane, ethylene-2-glycol bis [3, 3-bis (3'-methyl) -butyl-4 '-hydroxyphenyl) -butyrate], bis (3-tert-butyl-4) -hydroxy-5-methylphenyl) -dicyclopentadiene, bis [2- (3 '-tert-butyl-1-2' -hydroxy-5 '-methyl-benzyl) -6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenyl] terephthalate], , 1-bis (3, 5-dimethyl-2-hydroxy phenyl) butane, 2,2-bis (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-phenyl) propane, 2, 2-bis (5- tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl) -4-n-dodecymercapto-butane, 1,1,5,5-tetra (5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl) -pentan. 7. O-, N- and S-benzyl compounds: 3, 5, 3 ', 5' -tetra-tert-butyl-4, '-dihydroxydibenzyl ether, octadecyl-4-hydroxy-3, 5-dimethylbenzyl mercaptoacetate , tridecyl-4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butyl-benzyl mercaptoacetate, tris (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) amine, bis (4-tert-butyl-3-dithioterephthalate) -hydroxy-2-6-dimethylbenzyl), bis (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) sulfide, isooctyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxybenzyl mercaptoacetate. 8. Hydroxybenzylated malonates .: dioctadecyl-2,2-bis (3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzyl) -malonate, dioctadecyl-2- (3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-benzyl) ) -malonate, didodecylmercaptoethyl 2, 2-bis (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) -malonate, di- [4- (1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) -phenyl] - .2, 2-bis (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) malonate. 9. Hydroxybenzyl aromatic compounds: 1,3,5-tris (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) -2,4,6-trimethylbenzene, 1,4-bis (3, 5-di-tert. -butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) -2, 3, 5, 6-tetramethylbenzene, 2,4,6-tris (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) phenol. 10. Triazine compounds: 2,4-bis-octylmercapto-6- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanilino) -1,3,5-triazine, 2-octylmercapto-4,6-bis (3 , 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanilino) - 1.3.5-triazine, 2-octylmercapto-4,6-bis (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydro-ifenoxi) -1,3 , 5-triazine, 2,4,6-tris (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenoxy) -1,2,3-triazine, 1, 3,5-tris (3,5-di- tert-but l-4-hydroxybenzyl) -socyanurate, 1, 3, 5-tris (4-tert-butyl-3-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylbenzyl) -isocyanurate, 2. 4.6-tris (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl-ethyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 1,3,5-tris (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy) phenylpropionyl) hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine, 1,3,5-tris (3, 5-dicyclohexyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) -isocyanurate. 11. Acylaminophenols: the 4-hydroxylauric acid anilide, 4-hydroxystearic acid anilide, N- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-phenyl) carbamic acid octyl ester. 12. Esters of B- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-phenyl) propionic acid with mono- or polyhydric alcohols, for example with methanol, 'ethanol, n-octanol, isooctanol, octadecanol, 1,6 - hexanediol, 1, 9-nonanediol, ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, neopentyl glycol, thiodiethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, pentaerythritol, tris (hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate, diamide of the acid? '-bis (hydroxyethyl) oxalic, 3-thiaundecanol, 3-thiapentadecanol, trimethylhexanediol, trimethylolpropane, 4-hydroxymethyl-1-phospha-2, 6,7-trioxa-bicyclo [2.2.2] octane. 13. Esters of B-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-phenyl) -propionic acid (with mono- or polyhydric alcohols) with methanol, ethanol, n-octanol, isooctanol, octadecanol, 1, 6 hexanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, neopentyl glycol, thiodiethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, pentaerythritol, tris (hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate, N-diamide, N 1 -bis (hydroxyethyl) oxalic, 3-thiaundecanol, 3-thiapentadecanol, trimethylhexanediol, trimethylolpropane, 4-hydroxymethyl-l-phospha-2,6,6-trioxabicyclo [2.2.2] octane. 14 Esters of B- (3,5-dicyclohexyl-4-hydroxy-phenyl) propionic acid with mono- or polyhydric alcohols, for example with the alcohols mentioned under 13. 15. Esters of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-fertyl acetic acid with mono- or polyhydric alcohols, for example with the alcohols mentioned under 13. 16 Amides of B- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-phenyl) propionic acid for example N, N'-bis (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-phenyl-propionyl) hexamethylene -diamide, N, N'-bis (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-phenylpropionyl) -trimethylene-diamide, N, '-bis (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) ropionyl) -hydrazide), N, N'-bis [2- (3- [3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-phenyl] -propionyloxy) ethyl] oxamide (Naugard®XL-1 from Uniroyal) .

Antioxidants of Type Amina N, '-di-isopropyl-p-phenylenediamine, N, N' -di-sec-butyl-p-enylene-diamine, N, 1-bis (1,4-dimethylpentyl) -p-phenylene- diamine,?,? '- bis (l-ethyl-3-methylpentyl) -p-phenylenediamine, N,' -bis (1-methyl-heptyl) -p-pheni-lenediamine, N, N '-dicyclo-hexy-1-p- phenylenediamine, N, N '-di-pheni 1-p-phenylenediamine, N, N'-di (2-naphthyl) -p-phenylenediamine, N-isopropyl-N '-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N- (1,3-dimethylbutyl) -N1-pheny1-p-phenylenediamine, N- (1-methylheptyl) -N1-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N-cyclohexyl-N '-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, 4- (p-toluenesul fon-amido) -dipheni-amine, N, N' - dimethyl-N, '-di-sec-but i 1-p-phenylenediamine, diphenylamine, N-allyldiphenylamine, 4-isopropoxydiphenylamine, N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine, N- (4-tert-octylphenyl) -1-naphthylamine, N-phenyl-2-naphthylamine, octylated diphenyl-amine, for example p, p '-di-tert -octyl-di-phenylamine, 4-n-butylaminophenol, 4-butyrylaminophenol, 4-nonanoylaminophenol, 4-dodecanoylamino-phenol, 4-octadecanoylaminophenol, di (4-methoxyphenyl) amine, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4- dimethylaminomethylphenol, 2,4'-diamino-diphenylmethane, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane,?,?,? ,? ' -tetramethyl-4,4'-diamino-diphenylmethane, 1,2-bis [(2-methylphenyl) -amino] ethane, 1,2-di (phenylamino) propane, (o-tolyl) -biguanide, bis [4- (1 ', 3'-dimethylbutyl) phenyl] amine, tert-octylated N-phenyl-l-naphthylamine, mixtures of tere . -butyldi mono- and dialkylated phenylamines, mixtures of mono- and dialkylated nonildiphenylamines, mixtures of mono- and dialkylated dodecyldienylamines a mixture of mono- and dialkylated isopropyl / isohexyldiphenylamines, a mixture of mono- and di-alkylated tert-butyldiphenylamines, 2-3- dihydro-3, 3-dimethyl-4H-l, -benzothiazine, phenothiazine, mixture of mono- and di-alkylated tert-butyl- / tert-octyl-phenothiazines, mixtures of mono- and di-alkylated tere-octylphenothiazines,, N -alil phenothiazine or?,?,? ' ,? ' -tetraphenyl-1, -diaminobut-2-ene, N, N-bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperid-4-yl-hexamethylenediamine, bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperid-4-) il) sebacate, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-one, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpipe idin-4-ol.

Other Antioxidants' Ascorbic acid (vitamin C), aliphatic or aromatic phosphites, thiodipropionic acid esters or thiodiacetic acid, or salts of dithiocarbamic acid or dithiophosphoric acid, 2,2,12,12-tetramethyl-5,9-dihydroxy-3, 7,11-trithiatridecene and 2, 2, 15, 15-tetraethyl-5, 12-dihydroxy-3, 7, 10, 14-tetrathiahexadecane.

Metal deactivators, for example for Copper 1. Benzotriazoles and their derivatives: 2-mercaptobenzotriazole, 2,5-dimercaptobenzotriazole, 4- or 5-alkylbenzotriazoles (for example tolutriazole) and its derivatives, 4,5,6,7-tetraahydrobenzotriazole, 5,5'-methylene-bisbenzotriazole; Mannich bases of benzotriazole or tolutriazole, such as el- [di- (2-ethylhexyl) aminomethyl] tolutriazole and 1- [di (2-ethylhexyl) -aminomethyl] benzotriazole alkoxyalkylbenzothiazoles, such as the 1- (nonyloxymethyl) benzotriazole, 1- (1-butoziethyl) -benzotriazole and 1- (1-cyclohexyloxybutyl) tolutriazole. 2. 1, 2, -triazoles and their derivatives: 3-alkyl- (or aryl-) 1, 2, 4-triazoles, Mannich bases of the 1,2,4-triazoles, such as 1- [di (2-ethylhexyl ) aminomethyl] -1, 2, -triazole; alkoxyalkyl-1,2,4-triazoles, such as 1- (1-butoxyethyl) -1,2-triazole; Acylated 3-amino-1, 2-triazoles. 3. Imidazole derivatives: 4,4'-methylenebis (2-undecyl-5-methylimidazole); bis [(N-methyl) -imidazol-2-yl] carbonyl-octyl 1-ether. 4. Heterocyclic Compounds Containing Sulfur: 2-meraptobenzothiazole, 2,5-dimercapto-l, 3,4-thiadiazole, 2,5-dimercaptbbenzothiadiazole and its derivatives; 3, 5-bis [di (2-ethylhexyl) aminomethyl] -1,3,4-thiadiazolin-2-one. 5. Amino compounds: salicylicidene-propylenediamine, salicylaminoguanidine and its salts.

Rust Inhibitors 1. Organic acids, their esters, metal salts, amine salts and anhydrides: alkyl- and alkenyl-succinic acids, and their partial esters with alcohols, dioTes or hydroxycarboxylic acids, partial amides of alkyl- and alkenyl-succinic acids, nonylphenoxyacetic, alkoxy- and alkoxyethoxycarboxylic acids, such as dodecyloxyacetic acid, dodecyloxy (ethoxy) acetic acid, and their amine salts, and also N-oleoyl-sarcosine, sorbitan monooleate, lead naphthanate, anhydrides of acid 'enyl succinic acid, for example the anhydride of dodecenylsuccinic acid, 2- (2-carboxyethyl) -l-dodecyl-3-methylglycerol and its salts, especially its salts sodium and triethanolamine. 2. Compounds that Contain Nitrogen: 2. 1 tertiary or cycloaliphatic aliphatic amines and amine salts of organic and inorganic acids, for example, the oil-soluble alkylammonium carboxylates, and also 1- [α, β-bis (2-hydroxyethyl) amino] -3- (4 -nonylphenoxy) propan-2.2. Heterocyclic Compounds, for example the imidazolines and substituted oxazolines, such as 2-heptadecenyl-1- (2-hydroxyethyl) -imidazoline. 3. Sulfur-containing compounds: barium dinonylnaphthalenesulfonates, calcium petroleum sulfonates, aliphatic carboxylic acids, substituted by alkylthio, aliphatic 2-sulfocarboxylic acid esters, and their salts.

Extreme pressure and wear additives (Sulfur-containing and halogen-containing compounds, for example chlorinated paraffins, sulfur olefins or vegetable oils (soybean / rape seed oil) alkyl- or aryl-di or tri-sulfides , benzotriazoles or their derivatives, such as bis (2-ethylhexyl) aminomethyl-triazole, dithiocarbamates such as methylene-bis-dibutyldithiocarbamate, derive 2-mercapto-benzothiazole, such as 1- [N, N-bis (2 ethylhexyl) to inomethyl] -2-mercapto-1H-1, 3-benzothiazole, 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives such as 2,5-bis (tertiary-nonylthio) -1, 3, 4-thiadiazole.

Agents that Reduce Friction Coefficient Oil, butter, sebum, rapeseed oil, sulfurized fats, amines. Other examples are given in EP-A-0 565 487.

Other Additives: 1. Agents that Improve the Viscosity Index: polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, copolymers of vinylpyridinone / methacrylate, polyvinylpyrrolidones, polybutenes, olefin copolymers, styrene / acrylate copolymers. | 2-- · Agents Reducing the Emptying Point: poly (meth) acrylates, ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer, alkyl polystyrenes copolymers and alkylated naphthalene-derived fumarates. 3. Dispersants / surfactants: amides or imides of polybutenylsuccinic acid, polybutenylphosphonic acid derivatives, sulfonates and basic phenolates of magnesium, calcium and barium.

Special Additives 1. Emulsifiers: petroleum sulfonates, amines, such as polyoxyethylated fatty amines, non-ionic surfactants; 2. Regulators: alkanolamines; 3. Biocides: triazines, thiazolinones, tris-nitromethane, morpholine, sodium pyridionenetol. 4. Agents that Improve Process Speed: calcium and barium sulfonates.

The mentioned ingredients are added to the composition, using customary mixing methods, in a manner known per se. It is also possible to use the compounds (I) or their mixtures and, optionally, other additives, to prepare a concentrate or the named additive package, which is diluted, as required for use, at a concentration for use in the lubricants in question. The composition of the components in the concentrate is such that the concentrate is liquid at room temperature, without further addition of component b) or a solvent.

The present invention also relates to a concentrate, comprising a) at least one compound (I), wherein Ri, R2,: R3, X and Y have the above definitions, optionally further additives, and b) a viscosity base oil of lubrication. The invention also relates to a method for improving the use properties of lubricants, which comprises adding to the lubricants a composition comprising at least one compound (I), in which Ri, R2, 3 X and Y have the definitions previous The following Examples illustrate the invention: E j e m p l o s s Temperatures are given in ° C; h: hour (s); min: minutes; p.f .: melting point; Vacuum drying (100 ° C, around 0.05 mbar).

Synthesis Examples Example 1 N- (2-n-Butoxycarbonylethyl) -N- (n-octadecyl) -succinic acid-N-butyldecyl-NH2 (n-butyl)? - (n-) acid monoamide added, n drops, 1.1 g (0.110 mol) of the n-butyl ester of acrylic acid, at 60 ° C, in the course of 10 minutes, to 28.4 g (0.100 mol) of the n-octadecylamine and the clear reaction mixture it was stirred at 100 ° C for 2 hours; the cooled crude product was dissolved in 100 ml of hexane, filtered and washed twice with 50 ml of water. The organic phase was concentrated by evaporation in a rotary porator, the residue was dried in vacuo and 40.0 g of a clear, colorless, medium viscosity oil were obtained. 3.1 g (0.030 mol) of the succinic anhydride was added to 11.9 g (0.030 mol) of the resulting intermediate product, and the clear reaction solution was stirred at 100 ° C for 1 hour. The cooled crude product was dissolved in 100 ml of hexane, filtered and washed twice with 40 ml of water. The hexane solution was concentrated on a rotary evaporator and the residue was dried in vacuo. 13.7 g (92% of theory) of a light yellow oil was obtained, which crystallizes upon standing. P.f .: 50-52 ° C; elementary analysis 70.24% of C (cale. 69.98); 10.91% of H (cale.11.14); 2.80¾ of N (cale 2.81).

Example 2 N- (3-n-Butoxypropyl) -N- (2-n-dodecyloxy-carbonylethyl) -succinic acid monoamide 3- (n-butoxy) -prop (n-dodecyl) 2. 1 26.7 g (0.10 mole) of n-dodecyl ester of acrylic acid were added in drops over the course of 20 minutes to 13.3 g (0.100 mole) of the 3-n-butoxypropylamine and the reaction mixture was added dropwise. stirred at 100 ° C for 2 hours; the cooled crude product was dried under vacuum and 37.0 g of a clear, colorless, low viscosity oil were obtained. 2. 2 4.2 g (0.040 mol) of the succinic anhydride was added to 14.9 g (0.040 mol) of the resulting intermediate product and the reaction mixture was stirred for 2 hours; the cooled crude product was dissolved in 100 ml of hexane, filtered and washed three times with 30 ml of water.

The hexane solution was concentrated by evaporation in a rotary evaporator, the remaining product was dried under vacuum and 18.0 g (95% of theory) of a light yellow oil of medium viscosity were obtained. nD20. 1.4670; elementary analysis': 66.851 of C (cale.66.21), 10. 54% of H (step 10.47), 2.72% of N (step 2.97).

EXAMPLE 3 N- (2-morpholinocarbonyl) -N- (n-octadecyl-succinic acid monoamide 3. 1 5.8 g (0.040 mol) of 4-acryloylmorpholine were added dropwise at 60 ° C, over the course of 10 minutes, to 10.7 g (0.040 mol) of oleylamine (ArmeenOO), the reaction mixture was stirred at 100 ° C for 1 hour; the cooled crude product was dried under vacuum and 16.0 g of a clear, light yellow, low viscosity oil was obtained. 3.2 4.1 g (0.040 mol) of the succinic anhydride was added to 16 g (0.040 mol) of the resulting intermediate product and the reaction solution was stirred, at 100 ° C, for 1 hour; the cooled crude product was shaken with 200 ml of hexane and 100 ml of brine (saturated with NaCl). The middle phase of the three phases was washed three more times, using 30 ml of brine each time and dissolved in 100 ml of toluene, filtered and concentrated by evaporation in a rotary evaporator; the remaining product was dried under vacuum. 15.6 g (77% of theory) of a light yellow oil was obtained, which became turbid upon cooling. Elemental analysis: 68.24% of C (ca. 68.47), 10.23% of H (cale 10.30), 5.34% N (cale 5.51).

Example 4 The following compounds (I) can be prepared, analogously to Examples 1 to 3: Table 1 Axis Ri X Rend. Appearance Analysis (% of the [found (Calculated theory))] 4.1 oleyl-C (= O) -O- (n-butyl) 99 light oil, 70.79% C (70.26) yellow color 10.58% H (10.78) pale , viscosity 2.82% N (2.83) medium nD20 1.4761 4.2 oleyl-C (= O) -O-methyl0 93 light oil, of 69.97% C (70.08) yellow, 10.40% H (10.44) average viscosity 3.10% N (3.10) ) nD20 1.4804 4.3 oleyl C (= O) -O (CH2) 2-O-ethyl0 96 light oil, 69.02% C (68.07) yellow, 10.50% H (10.44) average viscosity 2.77% N (2.74) nD20 1.4768 4.4 oleyl-C (= 0) -0- (isobutyl) 77 light oil, 70.04% C (70.26) yellow, 10.76% H (10.78) average viscosity 2.80% N (2.83) nD20 1.4748 4.5 oleílo -C (= O) -O-ethyl0 69 light oil, 68.85% C (69.34) yellow, 10.50% H (10.56) average viscosity 2.97% N (2.99) nD20 1 .4769 sotridecyl -C (= 0) -0 - (n-butyl) 90, light oil, 67.56% C (67.41) yellow color 10.59% H (10.61) pale, viscous 3.35% N (3.28) nD20 1.4 711 isotridecyl -C (= 0) -0- (butyl) 87 light oil, 67.63% C (67.41) yellow color 10.66% H (10.61) pale, viscous 3.36% N (3.28) nD20 1.4709 n-butyl -C (= 0) -0-oleyl 95 light oil, 70.80% C (70.26) yellow, 10.79% H (10.78) average viscosity 2.56% N (2.83) nD20 .4752 n-dodecyl -C (= O) -O -ethyl 0 82 light oil, 65.78% C (65.42) color yellow 10.39% H (10.20) pale, viscosity 3.72% N (3.63) medium nD20 1.4706 oleyl nitrile 87 light oil, 72.13% C (71.39) yellow 10.73% H (10.54) pale, viscous 6.23% N (6.66) nD20 1.4783 n-octyl -C (= 0) -0-oleyl 97 light oil, 72.04% C (71.69) yellow, 11.05% H (11.30) viscous 2.41 % N (2.53) nD20 1.4745 oleyl-C (= 0) -0- (CH2) 2OH 59 light oil, 66.92% C (67.05) yellow 9.99% H (10.21) pale, viscous 2.86% N (2.90) nD20 1.4855 oleyl-C (= 0) -NH2 82 light oil, 68.10% C (68.45) yellow, 10.44% H (10.57) viscous 6.26% N (6.39 ) nD20 1.4745 amine oil -C (= O) -O- (n-butyl) 0 87 light oil, 67.68% C (67.73) yellow choir 10.50% H (10.18) pale, viscous (C 2 mixture) 3.31 % N (3.29) nD20 1.4701 n-butoxy-proC (= 0) -0-oleyl 97 light oil, 69.75% C (69.40) yellow, pilo 10.66% H (10.74) average viscosity 2.40% N ( 2.53) nD20 1 .4744 Ce-C-io -C (= O) -O- (n-butyl) 0 95 light oil, 63.72% C yellow, alkyl- 10.00% H mean viscosity 0 (CH2) 3 3.19% N nD20 1.4680 isodecyl-. -C (= O) -O- (n-butyl) 0 96 light oil, 64.75% C (64.98) yellow, 0 (CH2) 3 10.11% H (10.22) medium viscosity 3.14% N (3.16) nD20 1 .4699 2-ethylhexyl -C (= 0) -0- (n-dodecyl) 96 light oil, 69.60% C (69.04) yellow color 10.69% H (10.94) pale, viscosity 2.67% N (2.98) medium nD20 1 , 4684 methoxy- -C (= 0) -0- (n-dodecyl) 98 Solid, type 64.99% C (64.31) propyl wax 10.14% H (10.09) 2.91% N (3.26) Cs-Cioalnitrile 97 light oil, 63.62% C (64.38) yellow, 0 (CH2) 3 | 9.61% H (9.67) average viscosity 7.69% N (7.90) nD20 1.4731 benzyl C (= O) -O - (n-dodecyl) 97 Solid, of type 70.02% C (71 .36) wax 8.99% H (9.23) 3.10% N (3.13) oletlo -C (= 0) -0-cyclohexyl 98 light oil, 71, 35% C (71, 36) yellow, 10.12% H (10.62) average viscosity 2.72% N (2.68) nD20 1, 4864 oleyl -C (= 0) -0- (CH2) 2- 0- 98 light oil, 71, 20% C (70.81) yellow, phenyl 9.57% H (9.54) average viscosity 2.43% N (2.50) nD20 1, 5025 oleyl-C (= 0) -0- (CH2) 2-0- 94 light oil, 67.82% C (67.43) yellow, methyl 10.26% H (10.51) average viscosity 2.85% N (2.81) ) nD20 1, 4791 oleyl-C (= 0) -0- (CH2) 2-0- 94 light oil, 66.55% C (67.54) yellow, (CH2) rO-ethyl 10.55% H (10.34) average viscosity 2.51% N (2.52) nD20 1, 4771 benzyl C (= 0) -0-dodecyl 98 Yellowish solid, wax type 2-ethylhexyl C (= 0) -0-dodecyl 96 clear oil, of 69.60% C (69.04) yellow, 10.69% H (10.94) average viscosity 2.67% N (2.98) nD20 1, 4684 n-butyl C (= O) -O-¡-decil0 91 light oil, 65.24% C (65.42) yellow, 10.20% H (10.20) average viscosity 3.43% N (3.63) nD20 1, 4708 methyl-O- -C ( = 0) -0-dodecyl 99 Solid 64.99% C (64.31) yellowish, of (CH2) 3 10.14% H (10.09) wax type 2.91% N (3.26) ethyl- O- -C (= 0) -0-dodecyl 95 light oil, 65.25% C (64.98) yellow, (CH2) 3 10.28% H (10.22) average viscosity 2.85% N (3, 16) nD20 1, 4681 ethyl-O-C (= 0) -0-oleyl 95 light oil, 69.09% C (68.53) yellowish, (CH2) 3 10.76% H (10.54) average viscosity 2.57% N (2.66) nD20 1, 4755 i-propyl-O- -C (= 0) -0-oleylose 96 light oil, 68.19% C (68.98) yellow, (CH2) ) 3 10.09% H (10.64) average viscosity 2.55% N (2.59) nD20 1, 4741 3 i-decyl-O- -C (= O) -On-butyl 96 light oil, 64.75% C (64.98) yellow, (CH2) 3 10.11% H (10.22) average viscosity 3.14% N (3.16) nD20 1, 4699 4 i-decil-O- -C (= 0) -0-i-butyl 95 light oil, 64.87% C (64.98) yellow, (CH2) 3 10.38% H (10.22) average viscosity 3.25% N (3.16) nD20 1, 4696 5 octadecyl-O-C (= 0) -0-i-butyl 96 light oil, 66.76% C (67.30) yellow, (CH2) 3 10.72% H (10 , 69) average viscosity 2.91% N (2.80) nD20 1, 4682 6 oleyl-C (= 0) -N (CH2) 5 94 light oil, 70.76% C (71, 10) yellow, 10 , 98% H (10.74) average viscosity 5.24% N (5.53) nD20 1, 4985 Application examples Example 5 Test of the corrosion protection properties (of turbine, circulation, industrial oils, containing the active ingredient), according to ASTM D 665 (= DIN 51585) 300 ml of the formulated oil were mixed with 30 ral of synthetic seawater, by stirring for 24 hours at 60 ° C, while simultaneously submerging a rod of round steel section. After contact for that period, the steel bar was subjected to a visual corrosion test. Each test was carried out in duplicate. The base formulation is mineral oil of SN VG46 specification, which has been stabilized using antioxidants and metal deactivators. The active ingredients under test, were used in a concentration of. 0.1 mmol / kg (corresponding to 0.03 -0.06% by weight or 300-600 ppm). See Table 2 for the results. 0: no corrosion 1: slight corrosion (corrosion sites <6 less than 1 mm in diameter) 2: moderate corrosion! < 5% of the corroded surface) 3: heavy corrosion (&5% of the corroded surface) Example 6 Test of the filtration capacity in the presence of calcium ions 0.3 g of distilled water and 30 ppm of calcium, in the form of n calcium detergent (6.9% Ca) were added to 300 g of the test formulation . The mixture was homogenized in a four-blade mixer, at a maximum rotational speed for 5 minutes. The emulsion was stored for 96 hours, at 70 ° C (± 2 ° C) and then for an additional 48 hours at room temperature, in the dark. If precipitation is observed, the test stops. Before filtration, the test mixture was homogenized again, shaking vigorously for one minute. It was then filtered through a 0.8 μ Millipore © filter (type AAWP 04700) using compressed air at a positive pressure of 1 bar (± 0.05 bar). The times required to filter 50, 100, 200 and 300 ml of the test mixture were measured. The FI filtration rate was calculated, as the average of two measurements, according to the following formula (see AFNOR NFE 43-691): FI = t300 mi, ~ tíQüml) 2 (tioOm _ tsoml) FI = 1 means no there is resistance in the accumulation of the filter. FK2 is the requirement to pass the test. In the event that the filter becomes blocked, an annotation is made after 60 minutes of the volume of oil filtered until then.

Table 2 Example Degree of Filterability in corrosion, presence of Ca2 * according to AST D 665 filtration index (Fl) Formulation Base 3/3 1.25 1 1/0 2 0/0 1.20 3"'0/0 1.25 4.1 0 / 0 1.13 4.2 0/0 1.11 4.3 0/0 1.05 4.4 1/1 1.05 4.5 0/1 1.1 4.6 1 / o 4.7 0/0 4.8 0/0 1.05 4.9 0/0 4.10 0/0 1.05 4.11 1/1 4.12 1/1 4.13 1/1 1.20 4.14 1 / o 4.15 0/0

Claims (1)

1. CLAIMS 1. A composition comprising: a): at least one compound of the formula: which: is a substituent, selected from the group consisting of Ci-C22alkyl, C2-C22alkyl substituted by hydroxy, C2-C > 2alkyl interrupted by -C (= 0) -, -0-C (= 0) - or by -NRa-C (= 0) -, C3-C22alkyl interrupted by -0-, -S-, -NRa-, - C (= 0) -0- or by -C (= 0) -NRa-, in which Ra denotes hydrogen or Ci-C22alkyl, phenyl, benzyl, 1- or 2-phenylethyl, 2-phenoxyethyl, furfuryl, 1-naphthyl , 1-naphthylmethyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexylmethyl, and isobornyl; and R3 are hydrogen, or one of R2 and 3 is hydrogen and the other is methyl; and carboxy or carboxylate and Y + is a salt-forming cation, suitable for lubricating compositions; or X is carboxy derivative, selected from the group consisting of cyano, carboxy esterified by Ci-C22alkyl, carboxy esterified by hydroxy-C2-C22alkyl, carboxy esterified by C2-C22alkyl interrupted by -C (= 0) -, -C (= 0) -0- or by -C (= 0) -NRa-, carboxy esterified by C3-C22alkyl interrupted by -0-, -S-, -NRa-, -0-C (= 0) - or by -NRa- (C = 0) -, in which Ra denotes hydrogen or Ci-C22alkyl, carboxy esterified by phenyl, benzyl, 1- or 2-phenylethyl, 2-phenoxyethyl, furfuryl, 1-naphthyl, 1-naphthylmethyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexylmethyl, isobornyl, and carbamoyl, of the partial formula: wherein Rb and Rc are each, independently of the other, hydrogen, Ci-C22alkyl or 2-hydroxyethyl, or Rb and Rc together are C2-C8alkylene, C2-C3alkenylene, C2-Cealcadienylene or C2-Cealkylene, C2-C8alkenylene or C2-C8alcadienylene interrupted by -O- or by -NRa-, with Ra being as defined above; and Y + is a hydrogen ion or is a salt-forming cation, suitable for lubricating compositions; and b) a base oil, of lubricating viscosity. 2. A composition, according to claim 1, which comprises: a) at least one compound (I), wherein: Ri is a substituent, selected from the group consisting of Ci-C22alkyl, C2-C22alkyl substituted by hydroxy, C2 -C 2alkyl interrupted by -C (= 0) -, -0-C (= 0) - or by -NR3-C (= 0) -, C3-C22alkyl interrupted by -0-, -S-, -NRa- , -C (= 0) -0- or by -C (= 0) -NR5-, in which Ra denotes hydrogen or Ci-C22alkyl, phenyl, benzyl, 1- or 2-phenylethyl, 2-phenoxyethyl, furfuryl, 1 -naphthyl, 1-naphthylmethyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexylmethyl and isobornyl; R2 and R3 are hydrogen, or one of R2 and R3 is hydrogen and the other is methyl; X is carboxy derivative, selected from the group consisting of cyano, carboxy esterified by Ci-C22alkyl, carboxy esterified by hydroxy-C2-C22alkyl, carboxy esterified by C2-C22alkyl interrupted by -C (= 0) -, -C (= 0 ) -0- or by -C (= 0) -NRa- / carboxy esterified by C3-C22alkyl interrupted by -0-, -S-, -NRa-, -0-C '(= 0) - or by -NRa - (C = 0) -, in which Ra denotes hydrogen or Ci-C22alkyl, carboxy esterified by phenyl, benzyl, 1- or 2-phenylethi, 2-phenoxyethyl, furfuryl, 1-naphthyl, 1-naphthylmethyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexylmethyl , isobornyl, and carbamoyl, of the partial formula (A), in which R and R are each, independently of the other, hydrogen, Ci-C? 2alkyl or 2-hydroxyethyl, or Rb and Rc together are C2-C3alkylene, C? -Ce-alkenylene, C2-C-alkanedienylene or -Cealkylene, C2-C8alkenylene or C2-C8alkanedienylene interrupted by -0- or by -NRa-, Ra being as defined above; and Y + is a hydrogen ion or is a salt-forming cation, suitable for lubricating compositions; and b) a base of lubricating viscosity. 3. A composition, according to claim 1, which comprises: a) at least one compound (I), wherein: Ri is a substituent, selected from the group consisting of Ci-Czhakyl, C2-C22alkyl interrupted by -C (= 0) - or by -0-C (= 0) -, C3-C22alkyl interrupted by -0-, -S- or by -C (= 0) -0-, phenyl and benzyl; R2 and R3 are hydrogen; X is derived carboxy, selected from the group consisting of cyano, carboxy esterified by Ci-C22alkyl, carboxy esterified by hydroxy-C-C22alkyl, carboxy esterified by C2-C22alkyl interrupted by -C (= 0) - or by -C ( = 0) -0-, carboxy esterified by C3-C22alkyl interrupted by -0-, -S-? by -0-C (= 0) -, and carbamoyl of the partial formula (A), defined as heterocyclylcarbonyl; and Y + is a hydrogen ion, ammonium, i) 4-ammonium or (2-hydroxyethyl) i-4-ammonium and b) a base of lubricating viscosity. .4. A composition, according to claim 1, which comprises: a) at least one compound (I), wherein: Ri is a substituent selected from the group consisting of Ci-C22alkyl, C3-C22alkyl interrupted by -0-, phenyl, and benzyl; R2 and 3 are hydrogen; X is carbonoxy derivative, selected from the group consisting of cyano, carboxy esterified by Ci-C22alkyl, carboxy esterified by C3-C? 2alkyl interrupted by -0-, and carbamoyl of the partial formula (A) defined as piperidinocarbonyl, piperazinylcarbonyl or morpholinocarbonyl; and Y + is a hydrogen ion, ammonium, (Ci-C4alkyl) i-4ammonium or (2-hydroxyethyl) i-4ammonium; and b) a base oil of lubricating viscosity. 5. A composition, according to claim 1, which comprises: a) at least one compound (I), wherein: Ri is a substituent, selected from the group consisting of Ci-Ciealkyl, C3-Ci8alkyl interrupted by -O- , feniío, and bencilo; R2 and 3 are hydrogen; X is carboxy and Y is ammonium, (Ci-Cjalkyl) i-ammonium or (2-hydroxyethyl) i-4ammonium; or X is carboxylate or carboxy derivative, selected from the group consisting of cyano, carboxy esterified by Ci-Ci¾alkyl, carboxy esterified by C3-Ciα alkyl interrupted by -O-, and mofolinocarbamoyl; and Y + is hydrogen, ammonium, (Ci-C4alkyl) i-4ammonium or (2-hydroxyethyl) and b) a base of lubricating viscosity. 6. A composition, according to claim 1, which comprises:; ';' b) a base oil of lubrication viscosity, which is used for hydraulic fluids or working fluids of metals, fats, gear oils or oils engines. 7. A concentrate, comprising at least one compound (I), wherein Ri, R2, R3, X and Y, have the definitions given in claim 1. 78. A method to improve the properties of use of lubricants, this method comprises adding to the lubricants at least one composition, according to claim 1.