MXPA00010831A - System for providing satellite bandwidth on demand employing uplink frame formatting for smoothing and mitigating jitter and dynamically changing numbers of contention and data channels. - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of transmitting time division multiplexed data from a satellite terminal to a satellite wherein the satellite terminal receives a command indicating to transmit data during a frame comprising a plurality of timeslots in accordance with a timeslot reordering scheme. The timeslot reordering scheme is selected to spread data from respective satellite terminals to different timeslots throughout the frames. A processor monitors the use of channels by the satellite terminals, stores bandwidth requests using queues, allocates channels in accordance with bandwidth requests and a bandwidth allocation algorithm, and transmits the channel allocations in a frame. Timeslots not allocated to any of the satellite terminals are contention channels. The number of contention channels changes dynamically, depending on demand for the plurality of channels by the satellite terminals. Queues are provided for each channel for storing high and low priority rate requests and high and low priority volume requests. The bandwidth allocation algorithm determines the preemption of the queues, and allocation priorities.

Description

SYSTEM TO PROVIDE SATELLITE BAND WIDTH ABOUT ORDER USING LINK PICTURE FORMAT ASCENDING TO FLATTEN AND MITIGATE FLUCTUATIONS AND NUMBERS DYNAMICALLY CHANGING THE CONTAINMENT CHANNELS AND DATA FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a system for providing bandwidth upon request for a satellite uplink. More particularly, the invention relates to an on-demand bandwidth system that employs a dynamic network of containment or contention channels with which satellite terminals can request bandwidth, or in a waiting queue at the edge of a network. requests for bandwidth and a frame format that promotes flattening and mitigates fluctuations.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The bandwidth on demand (BOD) in a satellite communication is advantageous because it makes the use of finite uplink resources of the satellite more efficient and correspondingly increases the capacity of the uplink and the width of the satellite. useful band. The efficiency of the bandwidth, and in particular the efficiency of the uplink bandwidth, is important when determining the accounting of a satellite communication system. The efficiency of the downlink generally becomes a concern when the uplink efficiency approaches 100%. Numerous BOD satellite communication systems have been proposed. In a conventional BOD satellite system, a pre-assigned number of containment or contention channels and data channels are only configured by the system operator and are permanently assigned until they are reconfigured. Such a design is disadvantageous because the demand of contention or contention channels may change. A satellite communication system that uses such a design makes the use of the uplink bandwidth less efficient because contention or contention channels could be used for data traffic when the demand for containment or contention channels is low. . Other conventional BOD communication systems support only constant bit rate requests. For the user terminals requesting a constant bit rate, permanent portions of a data channel are assigned until the user's terminal requests the end of the assignment.

A user terminal that needs uplink bandwidth to send a file from it requests a certain bit rate, sends the file, and then sends an unassigned message to complete the assignment. This method is disadvantageous due to the increase in the sending of messages to operate and unassign temporary channels which in other circumstances could be used for less unchained traffic. Conventional bandwidth communication systems on demand usually allocate bandwidth in response to a bandwidth request via a single allocation. Thus, if the entire bandwidth request could not be satisfied, the end user would have to make additional width requests to obtain an allocation for the unfulfilled portion of the previous bandwidth requests. There is therefore a need for a BOD communication system that efficiently processes allocation and deallocation of bit-rate requests of various sizes, as well as volume-type requests for more triggered traffic. A BOD communication system is also needed to overcome the other disadvantages of conventional systems described above such as the dynamic use of channels as data channels or contention or contention channels. There is also a need for a BOD communication system that packs uplink data channels more efficiently to accommodate temporary bit rate requests, that is, volume requests for traffic triggered as constant bit rate requests and provide different degrees of quality of service. There is also a need for a BOD communication system that generates a plurality of bandwidth allocations to satisfy a request for bandwidth on a periodic basis instead of providing a request satellite terminal with any bandwidth available at the time. and request that the satellite terminal again request the allocated portions of the bandwidth request.

Brief Description of the Invention The aforementioned disadvantages of the BOD communication systems are overcome and a number of advantages becomes reality through the satellite communication system of the present invention. The payload of a satellite operates in conjunction with satellite terminals to dynamically utilize the uplink channels as contention or contention channels or data channels. The number of containment or contention channels increases as the use of the data channel decreases, allowing more data channels during uplink bandwidth demands. According to an object of the present invention, the satellite terminals are programmed to transmit speed requests or volume requests to the payload of the satellite. The payload of the satellite processes the requests for bandwidth and assigns intervals in the uplink frames to the satellite terminals via a cellular transmission through the downlink. In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, the satellite terminals are programmed to convert the time slot assignments received via the satellite to other interval assignments in a frame according to one or more numbering schemes. Numbering schemes are selected to distribute packets in time as uniformly as possible within an uplink frame. Consequently, the use of a numbering scheme limits fluctuation, reduces fragmentation and makes defragmentation less complicated. The processing efficiency on board the satellite also increases because the satellite is processing packets at time intervals through each frame of the uplink. According to yet another aspect of the present invention, the payload of the satellite queues bandwidth requests and makes partial allocations on a periodic basis until each request is completely satisfied. A method is provided for transmitting timeslot multiplexed data from a satellite terminal to a satellite comprising the steps of: (1) providing the satellite terminal with at least one command with respect to when the satellite terminal shall transmit data during a frame, comprising a plurality of time slots in a selected sequential order, the command indicates at least one of the time slots according to a reordering scheme in the time slot, the reordering scheme of the slot time is selected to reorder the. plurality of time slots in the frame in a non-sequential order; and (2) converting the time intervals in the order to respective time intervals in the frame according to the selected sequential order. The reordering scheme of the time slot is selected to distribute data from the respective satellite terminals at different time intervals through a frame. An on-demand bandwidth satellite communication system is also provided which comprises: (1) a processor; (2) a plurality of waiting rows connected to the processor, the processor can be operated to write to and read from the waiting rows; (3) a receiving device for receiving bandwidth requests from the satellite terminals; and (4) a transmission device for transmitting commands generated via the processor related to channel assignments to the satellite terminals, the channel assignments correspond to time slots in frames transmitted by the satellite terminals, the satellite terminals are configured to receive the channel assignments. The processor is programmed to control the use of each of the plurality of channels to be used by the satellite terminals. The channels are each useful as one of a contention or contention channel and a data channel. In contention or contention channels, they allow satellite terminals to transmit bandwidth requests. The data channels allow the satellite terminals to transmit the user traffic of the satellite terminal. The processor stores the requests for bandwidth using its wait rows, allowing time intervals within the plurality of channels according to the requests for bandwidth and a bandwidth allocation algorithm, and transmitting the channel assignments via the transmitting device to be used by the satellite terminals in a subsequent specific uplink box. The processor uses the time slots not assigned to any of the satellite terminals as contention or contention channels, so that the number of containment or contention channels changes dynamically, depending on the demand of the plurality of channels by the terminals of satelite. The processor uses the wait rows for each channel to store higher or lower priority speed requests and higher or lower priority volume requests, and a bandwidth allocation algorithm to determine the prevalence of waiting rows and priorities of assignment.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The various aspects, advantages and novel features of the present invention will be more readily understood from the following detailed description when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 illustrates the communication system of satellite configured for bandwidth upon request, the use of multiple high gain spot beams and packet routing to the edge according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a block diagram of the payload of a satellite and satellite terminals constructed in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 illustrates the uplink beams and the downlink beams of the uplink communication system according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 illustrates the uplink channelization according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 illustrates an uplink frame in the timing of the system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figures 6, 7, 8 and 9 illustrate a numbering scheme in the time interval for the uplink frames according to an embodiment of the present invention; and Figure 10 illustrates the numbering of consecutive time slots in a table according to an embodiment of the present invention. Through the Figures of the drawings, it will be understood that similar reference numbers refer to similar parts and components.

Detailed Description of the Preferred Modalities: 1. General View of the Satellite System With reference to Figure 1, the broadband multiple satellite system 10 of the present invention preferably employs one or more geosynchronous orbiting (GEO) satellites and offers a wide range of user speeds and services based on on-demand bandwidth (BOD). The system 10 uses the generation of high-power satellites, which employ on-board digital signal processing, high-gain spot beams, and packet-to-edge routing. The broadband multi-media satellite system 10 is preferably capable of supporting a maximum peak capacity of at least 10 Gigabits per second (Gbps) of user data in a point-to-point transmission (PTP) mode. The distribution of service to the users is provided via ultra low cost (USAT) small aperture terminals hereinafter referred to as satellite terminals (ST) 40. An ST 40 may be a ST of the end user or a network ST (NST) , as shown in Figure 2. The broadband multiple media satellite system 10 preferably operates in the 30/20 GHz Ka band spectrum assigned to the Ka-Band Fixed Satellite Services (FSS). The capacity of the system is scalable by the addition of satellites in adjacent orbital intervals or by the addition of satellites in the same orbital interval that are operated in a different frequency band to allow the future expansion of the system. The broadband multi-media satellite system 10 is a packet-based transmission system that allows offering bandwidth-on-demand (BOD) connections in services and applications that support voice, data, video and other interactive services and applications such such as interactive digital communications and high-speed Internet access (HSI). The combination of the small size terminal with high performance makes the broadband multi-media satellite system useful for users ranging from large and medium-sized corporations and other organizations to small businesses, and consumers / users of SOHO. The untreated data rates supported by a single carrier are preferably 16,384 Mbps (8E1), 2.08 Mbps (El), and 512 kbps (El / 4). A 128 kbps backup mode (El / 16) is also provided for terminals that experience large rain fades and therefore, is provided to improve the availability of lower end terminal types. Interconnections in terrestrial networks (for example, the public switched telephone network (PSTN), cellular networks and corporate data networks allow the seamless integration into infrastructures of existing communication systems. network (NOCC) 28, as shown in Figure 2, to perform a number of operations such as validating ST for the authorized use of system resources 10 and to support scheduled connections and BOD traffic.System 10 also supports traffic no connection that does not require the involvement of NOCC to establish the call For a call oriented by the connection, a satellite terminal (ST) communicates with the NOCC to receive signals with which to request bandwidth of the uplink of the load In this connection mode, the NOCC can determine if sufficient bandwidth is available to satisfy the ST requests of the For a call without communication, an ST communicates with payload 21 directly without first obtaining authorization from the NOCC using a containment or contention channel request. A fundamental difference between systems Conventional FSS and the broadband multiple media distribution system 10 is the regenerative nature of the payload of the broadband multi-satellite satellite system 21 (Figure 2). In a conventional FSS satellite system, a single beam typically serves the satellite's coverage area. The information transmitted by a central station is received by the satellite and transmitted to all user terminals within the footprint. The user terminals transmit back to their intended destination through the satellite to the central station. In this way, the satellite simply acts as a repeater. The connections in polygons (that is, the connections from user terminal to user terminal) must always be walked through the center creating additional latency, due to the double jump required. In the broadband multiple media satellite system 10 of the present invention, however, the uplink uses approximately 112 spot beams, for example, which provide coverage to the uplink 22 cells geographically distributed over the coverage area of the satellite, as shown in Figure 1. The system 10 is provided with a satellite payload 21, which can combine inter-beam routing with a transmission capability. Each uplink cell 22 preferably operates on a fixed polarization with a four cell reuse pattern to maximize the density of capacity. The downlink coverage subdivides each uplink cell 22 into seven microcells 24a to 24g, as shown in Figure 3. The downlink microcells 24 are capable of operating in any polarization, but are operatively assigned to a single polarization, except in areas where there is a requirement for high input capacity. This allows the satellite 20 to take advantage of the peak gain achievable in each downlink beam for point-to-point transmissions (PTP). Additionally, satellite 20 differs from conventional satellites in that the user data on broadband multiple media packets are processed, and routed by the payload of satellite 21. The payload of satellite 21 therefore effects an amount Significant responsibilities for switching and routing previously relegated to the control facility of the central station network in conventional FSS systems. One function of the primary transmission of the broadband multi-media satellite 20 is not to transmit a received broadband multiple media packet to the entire coverage area. When operating in the PTP mode, the payload of the satellite 21 of the present invention receives a packet from an uplink cell 22 and routes it only to the downlink cell 24 in which a destination satellite terminal is located. (ST) 40. The payload 21 is also capable of reproducing and routing a packet up to a multiple of 40 of the downlink cells 24 for single point-to-multiple point (PMP) applications. The satellite payload 21 can also support PMP applications without repetition. Each ST 40 within a downlink microcell 24 receives all broadband multiple media packets from payload 21 and only processes those packets directed to specific ST 40. For a system 10 operating in North America, for example, each satellite 20 has the ability to transmit broadband multiple media packets to the continental United States (CONUS), Alaska, Ha aii, predefined parts of Canada and Latin American sites selected. Preferably there are two transmission beams in the CONUS (one for each polarization covering simultaneously all or a portion of the satellite coverage area.) The system 10 is also configurable to transmit packets to all ST 40s in a cell 22, that is, to cell transmission. The payload 21 on board satellite 20 comprises receiving antennas for receiving uplink beams (eg, 106 beams) of different uplink 22 cells, and down converters (eg, 120 downstream Ka band converters) for converting descending manner the frequency of the received signals for processing thereof by a switching matrix (e.g., the fast packet switch (FPS) 14). "The FPS 14 connects a variable number of demodulators, which are represented by the RF / Modem unit 18 in Figure 2, to each uplink cell 22 based on demand, Continuing with reference to Figure 2, the payload 21 preferably comprises 5376, or the equivalent thereof, multiple rate demodulators for transmissions El / 4 and 8E1, for example, in accordance with the present invention.FPS 14 changes the outputs of the demodulators between modulators of variable speed (eg, 24 modulators), which are also represented by the RF / Modem unit 18. The FPS 14 is preferably a fast packet switch of the asynchronous transfer mode type of 10 gigabits per second (Gbps) or ATM.S provide a payload control computer (PCC) 12 to perform the BOD administration and payload operations.The direct input / output (I / O) modulators of Ka band neran beams that jump (for example, beams with jumps of 442 Mbps) that are multiplexed by time division with broadband beams (for example, two beams of transmission of 147 Mbps). The residence time per cell of the downlink 24 is determined dynamically based on the demand. A bypass configuration is provided to allow the use of satellite 20 as a bent tube receiver-transmitter with adjustable coverage. A transmitting antenna is also provided which can generate, for example, 24 beams and is connected to the outputs of the modulators or the branch circuit. The broadband multiple media satellite system 10 of the present invention is advantageous because it can achieve high link availability and low packet loss rates. For example, an availability that is typically greater than 99.7% is obtained, as well as end-to-end packet loss rates typically better than 1 to 106. Another advantage of the broadband multi-satellite system 10 of the present invention is its ability to dynamically allocate resources to areas with greater demand. The satellite 20 provides flexible allocation of the demodulator resources on the payload of the satellite 21 between the cells of the uplink 22. This flexibility allows the system 10 via the NOCC 28 to have an ability to plan the function to adapt to variations of the short-term (for example, hours) and relatively long-term capacity requirements. As shown in Figure 4, the uplink uses a TDMA FDMA signal format with each ST transmitting at an assigned frequency, as indicated at 50, and the time interval, as indicated at 52. The data packets of uplink user use one of the three supported burst modes such as 521 kilosymbols per second (ksps), 2.08 megsymbols per second (msps), or channels of 16.67 Msps, as indicated in 54, 56 and 58, respectively . A total of 16 satellite subbands 20 with 8 subbands 60 are preferably used per polarization as indicated at 50. One or more subbands 60 can be assigned to each uplink cell 22. A subband 60 preferably accommodates the transmission capacity of the subband. 24 channels The 56 or three channels of 16.67 Msps 58 or 96 channels The / 4 54, depending on the burst mode. All subbands assigned to a particular uplink cell 22 have the same polarization, and therefore, the STs 40 in that cell 22 are configured for the same polarization. Zero to eight subbands 60 are assigned to each satellite uplink 22 cell 20 based on traffic expectations of the STs in that cell. The maximum capacity that can be assigned to a given uplink cell 22, therefore, is preferably eight subbands 60, which correspond to 192 El channels. To avoid interference, a given subband is not assigned to link cells geographically adjacent ascenders 22. Three basic downlink transmission modes are supported in accordance with the present invention. A point-to-point mode (PTP) provides polygon connectivity between the ST 40s. The transmission mode (eg, a broadband transmission mode in the CONUS) is used to transmit information to the ST 40s located within an area. selected geographical area such as the CONUS. The radio beacon mode is used for system synchronization. Other uses for the PTP mode include multiple transmission or repetition and transmission of packets to as many as 40 locations, and cellular transfer (i.e., transmission of packets to groups of seven downlink cells 24 or an uplink cell 22). ). The downlink architecture of the broadband multi-media satellite has the ability to flexibly allocate the total system capacity between the PTP and the transmission capacity of the CONUS. The division of capacity between the PTP mode and the transmission mode is adjusted by changing the percentage of time that the downlink is in the PTP mode against the transmission mode. With reference to the radio beacon block and timing 32 in Figure 2, the beacon mode facilitates synchronization of the system by transmitting a binary phase change (BPSK) pseudorandom noise (PRN) sequence at a rate of 1/3 once per 3 s of the downlink frame using one of the downlink intervals. The beacon uses a beam pattern designed to fit the entire coverage area of the system 10. Each frame of the downlink is preferably 3 milliseconds (ms) divided into 138 intervals that are shared between the PTP, CONUS and radio beacon transmissions. The transmission speeds for the PTP and CONUS beams are 400 Mbps and 133 1/3 Mbps respectively. Each of the PTP bursts occupies one interval, while the 1/3 speed CONUS bursts use 3 intervals. In this way, the division between PTP and CONUS traffic can be changed in increments of 3 intervals. The downlink preferably consists of a set of up to 24 high-speed TDM carriers (400 Mbps) moving independently and simultaneously. Each TDM bearer contains the user traffic for a given geographical area. The set of 42 TDM bearers can be redirected each time interval of the downlink (21.73 μs) to service a different downlink cell 24. Alternatively, the available power of the 24 TDM bearers is used to generate one of the the two TDM bearers serving a beam formed by the CONUS transmission and operating in a speed mode of 133 1/3 Mbps (ie, 400/3 Mbps).

To facilitate BOD access techniques; the broadband multi-media satellite 10 uses packet transmissions. A packet of the broadband multi-media satellite is subjected to a number of transformations when it is transmitted from one ST 40 through the payload of the satellite to another ST 40. Within an ST 40, the user data is segmented first. in broadband multi-media satellite packages. The broadband multi-satellite satellite packets sets, along with the outbound error corrections, the access control security signature, and the synchronization data, are used to form uplink bursts. The uplink bursts are then transmitted to the satellite 20 at the assigned frequency and time intervals, as described above with reference to Figure 4. After receiving a burst, the payload of the satellite 21 decodes the satellite media packets. Broadband broadcasts and corrects errors, if necessary, then the packets are verified by an access control signature to ensure they were transmitted from an authorized ST 40. If the burst is valid (that is, authenticated and free of errors), the packets are extracted and routed to the appropriate destination. A satellite routing field, contained in the header of each packet, is used by the load processor 21 to determine to which downlink cell 24 the packets are routed. The packets are encapsulated in a TDM burst structure of the uplink and transmitted over the downlink. The destination ST 40 processes all packets of the downlink in the burst directed to its cell 24 and extracts the broadband multi-media satellite packets. The ST examines the address information within each packet and determines if the packet should be processed further. If the packets are addressed to the destination ST, they are mounted again in a packet of user data and sent to the user's application. With reference to the beacon and timing unit 32, the synchronization of the system is maintained using the satellite beacon in conjunction with the time or send time (TOD) messages transmitted periodically by the spacecraft. The radio beacon allows synchronization both in time and frequency between the ST 40 and the satellite payload 21. The frequency alignment between the ST 40 and the payload of the satellite (reference) is derived in the ST 40 of the PN clock recovered. The timing is generated from the radio beacon time of 1.56 seconds. The TOD is kept on board the satellite 20, and the satellite distributes this message to all the downlink 24 micro cells in the first half of the radio beacon era. At the time limit, each ST 40 updates its time or time of day with the new value. Multi-media broadband satellite terminals (nodes) use the appropriate type of carrier to support the data speed requirements of the application. Through commands by the NOCC 28, the satellite 20 can be configured to support the desired burst mode in each uplink 22. The configuration and exact amount of resources depends on the commercial environment and is reconfigurable according to the dictates of the conditions commercial. Except for terminals that receive only, at a minimum, all ST 40s preferably support the burst mode of 521 ksps. As stated above, system 0 of the present invention supports connectionless and connection oriented calls. For a connection oriented call, an ST 40 communicates with the NOCC 28 to receive signals with which it requests bandwidth of the uplink of the payload. In this connection mode, the NOCC 28 can determine if sufficient bandwidth is available to satisfy the requests of the ST thereof. For a call without connection, an ST 40 communicates with the payload 21 directly without first obtaining authorization from the NOCC 28. The ST first sends a containment or contention channel request to the payload for the uplink bandwidth. The PCC of the payload 12 in turn sends an assignment to the ST, as well as a power measurement to allow the ST to adjust the power of the uplink. The payload 21 receives packet segments from the ST, validates the signatures provided therein, schedules the packets for downlink transmission and then transmits them. 2. Ascending Link Frame Structure As stated above in relation to Figure 4, the structure of the uplink frame for the three data channel rates (ie, 512 kbps, 2 Mbps, and 16 Mbps 54, 56 channels) and 58, respectively) consists preferably of a frame of 96 ms 104 with 32 intervals 106 of 3 ms each, as shown in Figure 5. The reinforcement or emergency mode discussed above employs eight optional intervals of 128 kbps, for example. The STs can send bursts of 3 ms of packets in each time slot on each channel to be processed by the satellite payload 21. The number of packets within a time interval varies by the speed. For example, a burst of 3 ms contains two packets on n 512 kbps channel, eight packets on a 2 Mbps channel and 64 packets on a 16 Mbps channel. The present invention is described below with reference to the uplink of a speed of 512 kbps (1/4 El). It should be understood that the designs for the uplinks of 2 Mbps (El) and 16 Mbps (8E1) are the same. For data channels, the numbering of the locations of the ranges according to the present invention is preferably as illustrated in Figure 6. The table is described for illustrative purposes as an 8-row array of 4 intervals each. The intervals in a row are consecutive in time, as are the respective rows. This numbering scheme makes it possible to disperse the intervals 106 within a frame 104 more uniformly in time for less than the full speed users, thereby mitigating the fluctuation and leveling the traffic through the uplink channels. A plurality of different numbering patterns of the slots may be used to spread the traffic load evenly across the channels, as illustrated in Figures 7, 8 and 9. The ST 40 are programmed in accordance with the present invention to convert the interval numbers that are assigned according to a numbering scheme (for example, one of the numbering schemes described in Figures 6-9) to reduce the fluctuation and provide uniformity to the consecutively numbered intervals, as shown in Figure 10. Such conversion allows sending packets using the assigned intervals to arrive at the destination ST in the correct order. For example, if an ST 40 is assigned intervals 0 to 3, the ST transmits those packets in intervals 0, 8, 16 and 24 by the numbering scheme described in Figure 10. Consequently, the transmitted intervals are distributed through table 104. The use of the numbering scheme allows to give simpler orders to the ST of origin than to those intervals that it uses. In other words, it is simpler to say, that an ST_ can use the first four consecutive intervals by the scheme in Figure 6 to provide each interval number (ie, intervals 0, 8, 16 and 24) in an order of interval assignment. The interval numbering schemes are also advantageous because they prevent the non-uniform use of the interval numbers across all the channels for a frame, thereby promoting the processing of the packets by the satellite substantially throughout the period. of frame, regardless of the traffic load or type. Without the use of such a numbering scheme, the first part of each period of the table (that is, the intervals 0-15) can be used more frequently than the intervals during the last part of a period of the table. To make traffic uniform across all channels during a 96 ms frame, different numbering schemes are used (for example, Figures 6-9), for example. Each channel is assigned one of the four patterns by the NOCC 28 when the channel is configured. The NOCC 28 may allocate the patterns to the channels so that, on average, the number of packets transmitted in any 3 ms time slot of the uplink frame is approximately equal to the number of packets transmitted in any other 3 ms interval. of the box. The NOCC, therefore, allocates a quarter of the 16 Mbps channels to each pattern, a quarter of the 2 Mbps channels to each pattern, and so on. 3. Ascending Link Beams and Channels Satellite 20 has a plurality of uplink demodulators (eg, 224 demodulators), as described above with reference to RF / Modem unit 18 of Figure 2. Each uplink demodulator preferably supports the equivalent of three channels of 16 Mbps 58. Each of the channels of 16 Mbps can be configured as a single channel of 16 Mbps 58 and eight channels of 2 Mbps jf, 56, as shown in Figure 4. If It configures for eight channels of 2 Mbps, each of which can be configured as a single channel of 2 Mbps 56 or four channels of 512 kbps 45. In this way, the capacity of the satellite is 21,504 channels and all are configured as channels. 512 kbps 54. An uplink beam 22 preferably requires a minimum of an uplink demodulator. For bandwidth control purposes, the set of channels processed by a demodulator in an uplink beam 22 is preferably considered. Two types of uplink channels in the system 10 are preferably used, i.e. contention or contention channels and data channels. A channel is configured as either a contention or contention channel or a data channel at any time and not both at the same time. In other words, the uplink channels preferably operate in one of two modes, i.e., as a contention or contention channel or as a reserved channel. The payload of satellite 21 sends information packets by multiple transmission to each ST in each uplink beam to describe the configuration of the upstream channel, including which channels are containment or contention channels and which channels with reserved channels. The containment or contention channels preferably operate at a rate of 512 kbps. When an ST uses a containment or contention channel, the ST sends a burst of two packets, of 3 ms, in a random time slot on the channel, for example. If no other ST sends a burst to the same channel and time slot, the satellite payload 21 is able to process and release the packets in the burst. If two or more STs transmit packets on the same channel and time slot and a collision occurs, the payload 21 can process and release one burst, while the other burst is lost. It is also possible that the payload 21 can not process and release any burst. STs do not receive direct confirmation of the payload of satellite 21 that has processed a burst of contention or contention channel, or that the burst has been lost. The TSs determine that the data sent to the containment channel has been processed waiting for a response from the payload of the satellite 21, ST or end user to which the packets were directed. STs may use contention or contention channels for control purposes to send packets to PCC 12, or a system ST (SST) in NOCC 28, or, if authorized, for communication purposes to send data packets of user to another ST. Some 512 kbps channels may be allocated for the use of data packet contention only, and other 512 kbps packets may be allocated for bursts of control or data contention. The contention or contention channels are also used by the ST 40 for requests for allocation of bandwidth to BCP 14 on satellite 20. Bandwidth allocations are periodically made through BCP 14 based on requests or their Waiting lines. After making its assignment, the BCP transfers any data channels not fully assigned to contention channels. The assignments are packed into a multiple downlink transmission to all ST 40s in an uplink beam, for example. This multiple transmission or cellular transmission also indicates any additional contention channels (in addition to the configured contention channels) available for the ST 40 in beam 22 for a specific frame. The NOCC 28 preferably, configures all the channels within all the demodulators in all uplink beams as follows: (1) configures the uplink speed; (2) configure the interval numbering scheme; and (3) configure the use of each channel (for example, supervised contest, BOD contest, data contention, data, or not available). Assuming that the demodulator serving an uplink beam 22 is configured as 96 channels 58 with a speed of 512 kbps, the uplink channels within the beam 22 are used as follows. First, channels' with the largest numbers are configured as a selected number of contention channels. The data channels preferably start on the channels numbered with the lowest numbers. All channels except the channels. Conflicts configured are available for the BOD assignment. The allocation or bandwidth assignments are made starting with the first data channel. Any unassigned data channels are transferred to temporary contention channels (that is, temporarily for a frame).

In accordance with the frequency reuse rules employed in the system 10, the STs transmit data at an almost optimal power level for a given atmospheric degradation. The STs use an uplink power control algorithm (ULPC) and satellite payload 21 so the STs receive feedback from the satellite to perform a closed-loop type of power control. When the STs first request bandwidth, they are provided with an initial condition by the control circuit, which may not be accurate, to determine the initial power for the transmission. Bandwidth requests are sent via a contention channel. The ULPC algorithm provides different operation on the contention channels than on the velocity and volume channels. To resolve the uplink power inaccuracies, frequency usage constraints are preferably used over contention or contention channels. The type of interference that concerns occurs when one. ST that sends data on a containment or contention channel transmits at higher power and interferes with an ST that sends data at an appropriate power level. By placing the containment or contention channels of nearly isolated cells in co-frequency, the additional interference that can occur due to the contention channels has no impact on the operation of the speed and volume traffic. 4. Speed Requests Speed requests specify the number of intervals 106 in each uplink frame 104 which requires an ST 40 to satisfy uplink demands for its connection oriented traffic. A speed request results in the assignment of a preferably constant number of slots in each frame, which are distributed as evenly as possible in time, so that the ST can use them to send packets at a constant rate. Each frame preferably has a maximum of 32 intervals (Figure 5). A speed request specifies 1 to 32 intervals per frame. A user of 16 Mbps, 2 Mbps, or 512 kbps requests the 32 intervals. A user of 8 Mbps, 1 Mbps, or 256 kbps requests 16 intervals per frame and so on. The requesting ST obtains a constant allocation of that uplink capacity each frame, until the request is canceled by the ST via the desalination message to the satellite. Sending speed assignments to each frame allows PCC 12 to move the speed allocation intervals within a channel or to another channel to defrag the speed assignments. A speed request has the following information at least: (1) an origin address of the ST (e.g., origin ID of the ST and ID of the uplink beam); (2) the type of request (that is, the speed request); (3) the number of intervals 106 per frame 104 required; (4) the channel speed (eg, 512 kbps, 2,048 Mbps or 16,384 Mbps specifically or channel, intervals, and so on) already in the queue (if there is one); (5) the priority of the petition; and (6) safety information. The speed requests are placed in the Ql or Q2 data channels within the memory of the BCP memory 16. The requesting ST 40 receives a periodic assignment (or assignment), which specifies the channel, the start site, and the number of intervals. An ST 40 is assigned to the same channel and start location on each assignment unless it is notified of a change in the channel and / or location. Changes are necessary when an ST makes an additional request (Speed or Volume) and moves to a new channel and / or location or during the realignment for defragmentation. The speed requests are placed in the queue for the first data channel until its capacity is filled, then the second data channel, and so on. The speed requests are packed in this way to allow data channels without speed assignments and without volume assignments to be transferred to containment or contention channels. The initial bandwidth requests for a speed allocation are preferably sent only on a contention channel; however, the message to deallocate a speed request may be, and preferably is sent within the speed allocation that is being de-allocated. The speed requests are recognized by the BCP 16 in one of two ways, that is, an assigned speed message or a denied speed message. The messages of releasing (or unassigning) speed of the ST 40 are recognized by the satellite 20. If the ST does not obtain a response to a speed request or velocity release within a selected period of time, it forwards the message. If an - ST receives a denied request response to a speed request, it retries until a selected period of time has elapsed. Speed requests should preferably be unassigned (released) by the ST when they are not needed anymore.

Speed requests can be increased or decreased by sending another speed request by specifying a different number of intervals per frame. This new request is sent using an assignment of the original speed request. If the request can be granted, the ST receives an accepted message; otherwise, the ST receives a denied message. The BCT 16 does not deallocate the original speed request until the new speed request has successfully processed. An ST that has a rain fade, or otherwise does not receive the cell broadcast message with the assignments, waits until it receives the next cellular transmission that specifies its assignment at the start of the shipment. An ST that reinforces or is sending to a channel with a different channel speed uses an original speed request, even if the ST already has an active speed in the queue of another channel speed. The BCP 16 discards the speed placed in the queue when the reinforcement or emergency speed request is received. 5. Volume requests Volume requests specify the number of uplink intervals that an ST requires to send a specific number of packets to another ST. The requesting ST receives a period assignment of one or many intervals within a specific frame until the requested number of slots has been assigned. The system 10 of the present invention recognizes that there is some total maximum of the uplink used for rate assignments at any time, and that a portion of the total uplink band link in an uplink beam is available for volume assignments for the traffic of the packet type by bursts. A volume allocation is used by an ST 40 to send one or many data packets on the uplink in a single occurrence, although several such assignments may occur in a short period of time to send a file consisting of hundreds of packets (for example, IP boxes segmented in packages). A Volume request has the following information at least: (1) an address of origin of the ST; (2) el. type of request (ie volume request); (3) the priority of the request (ie, high or low; (4) the number of requested intervals; (5) the channel speed; (6) and an indication of whether this is a follow-up request to send packets additional received from the previous request.

An ST can use volume requests to send large amounts of data on the uplink and, by using tracking requests, send data almost continuously over a long period of time. For example, the initial volume requests for the uplink bandwidth are made by sending a message on the uplink over a containment or contention channel for a number of intervals required to transmit packets. If the ST receives additional data before the initial request has been completely satisfied, a request for "tracking" volume is made by sending a message in band using an interval assignment of the previous request. The tracking request is for the number of intervals required for packets for which a request has not been made, including the packet for the data moved by the tracking request. The ST 40 is provided with a follow-up request timer of greater duration than an initial contention request timer also provided there. The timer of the tracking request is preferably equal to the allocation timer discussed below. During periods where the uplink beam 22 is ovescribed and there is a number of intervals (i.e., a number greater than or equal to a configured threshold) already in the queue for all data channels, the BCP discards all requests of follow up. A bit within the request indicates whether the request is a follow-up request. In response to the volume request, the BCP 16 sends an assignment or sends an acknowledgment in a multiple transmission assignment or acknowledgment packet, respectively, to the requesting ST within preferably a preselected number of milliseconds. If no response is received within this amount of time, the ST 40 may re-request over a contention or contention channel. An additional disconnection algorithm is provided which increases the random time to send a new request, based on the number of times an attempt has been made to minimize the probability of another collision. Recognitions are used to ensure that the ST 40 receives a response, if the request is accepted within a selected number of milliseconds to reduce the number of new requests on contention or contention channels. No recognition is made for the trace request since the ST uses the assignment timer value for trace requests and assumes that it was received unless the timer expires.

An ST 40 that receives an acknowledgment or the first assignment of a multiple assignment cancels its response timer and adjusts an allocation timer. This timer is reset when each assignment is received. If it expires, the ST sends a new request on a request or contention channel. For volume requests, only one active request and one trailer request are preferably allowed in the BCP 16 at any time by priority or destination. Two request IDs are available per request priority and up to 126 different destinations, for example. An ST may send an original volume request using one of the request IDs, send a tow request using the other request IDs, continue to send tow requests using the alternatives of the request IDs until all the data is transmitted. BCP 16 on satellite 20 places volume requests on the low or high priority volume queue. The volume requests remain in the waiting queue within satellite 20 until the requested bandwidth has been fully allocated or after a configured delay (for example, using an allocation timer).

The total number of volume request entries on low and high priority volume wait rows in the channel varies based on the total capacity available for volume assignments, the number of intervals in each volume request in the queue, and the latency requirements. The maximum number of requests on the queue is configurable. The volume requests are spread evenly among the available data channels, that is, the first request is placed on the waiting queue of the first available channel, the second request on the next available channel, and so on. Thus, if there are 10 available channels, and 10 volume requests are received within the same time frame, then theoretically one request is placed in the queue for each channel. The requests are placed in the queue essentially for channels on a cyclical round basis. Fairness is maintained between competing STs trying to acquire uplink bandwidth in a number of ways. For example, a contention channel is used for original volume requests so that each ST has an essentially equal chance of success. During periods of moderately heavy traffic, follow-up requests from ST 40s are discarded. This provides other ST 40s that use the containment or contention channel with a better chance of a successful request. The ST, whose trace request has been discarded, does not send a request on the contention channel until its request timer expires. During extremely heavy traffic periods (for example, all queues waiting to the maximum), BCP 16 controls the number of new requests on the contention channel by sending acknowledgment to requests received on the contention or contention channel, and then discarding the request. ST 40s do not make a new request until the assignment timer expires. 6. Use of the Contention or Contention Channel of the ST An ST that makes a request for bandwidth (speed or volume) on a containment or contention channel carries out operations, which will now be described. If the ST does not receive the cell transmission allocation message from BCP 16 for the next frame (ie, is not aware of additional contention channels), the ST randomizes its request for bandwidth over the number of locations of interval specified by the configured contention channels only. If this is a channel (ie the channel with the highest number in an uplink beam), then the ST chooses an interval location from among the 32 interval locations in that channel. If the ST has received a cellular transmission from the BCP that indicates temporary additional contention channels for the next frame, it randomizes a BOD request on the total intervals in the configured and temporary contention channels. 7. Satellite Request Waiting Rows As discussed above, the satellite has a set of waiting queues for bandwidth requests. Each uplink channel, except for configured containment channels, preferably has four wait rows. A queue Ql is provided for speed requests from. High priority. The total waiting rows Ql on the queue can not exceed the capacity of the channel. In this way, a user of 512 Kbps, two users of 256 Kbps, and so on, can be in this queue. Those requests get a request each frame equal to the number of intervals per frame in the speed request. Requests on this queue are not preempted by any other request. A queue Q2 is provided for low priority rate requests. The total of Ql and Q2 on the queue can not exceed the channel speed. Those requests have an assignment each frame equal to the number of intervals per frame in the speed request. Requests on queue Q2 can be preempted by a new high priority rate request and removed from the queue and discarded or moved to other queue queues Q2 of channel. A queue Q3 is provided for traffic volume requests of high priority packets. A request is for a number N of intervals. Those requests are processed using any bandwidth left over the channel after the Ql and Q2 requests have been assigned. The requests are not placed in queue Q3 and the total of Q1 and Q2 is equal to the maximum capacity of the channel. A queue Q4 is provided for traffic volume requests of low priority packets. A request is for N number of intervals. Those requests are processed using any bandwidth left over the channel after the Ql, Q2 and Q3 requests have been assigned. The requests are not placed in queue Q4 if the total of Ql and Q2 equals the maximum capacity of the channel. A minimum bandwidth can be configured for Q4 so that Q4 is processed before Q3 once every N frames. For example, if a minimum bandwidth of 5% of Q4 is desired, then Q4 is processed first every twenty frames. 8. Ascending Link Assignment Algorithm (BCP) of the Bandwidth Control Processor The BCP 16 on satellite 20 makes speed and volume assignments a selected number of times each frame (eg once per frame). The BCP makes bandwidth allocations for the fourth frame in the future to allow placing in the downlink wait queue and space delay for ST 40. ST 40s are assigned the bandwidth required in the request on the waiting line. The total bandwidth required for speed requests on a channel queue Ql and Q2 can be the same, but not exceed the capacity of a box for that channel. Now we will describe the BCP 16 that processes volume requests on Q3 and Q4, if there are any. Waiting rows Q3 and Q4 are cyclic round waiting rows, that is, requests on those waiting rows each having an equal opportunity to be assigned bandwidth. Each time that the BCP 16 allocates bandwidth for a request on the queue Q3 or Q4, the BCP moves to the next request on the queue for the next assignment, and so on. The BCP begins with the queue Q3 and only processes the queue Q4 if there is available bandwidth and does not enter the queue Q3 unless a minimum bandwidth is configured for Q4, in which case Q4 It is processed first. The BCP attempts to allocate the entire unassigned portion of a table (ie, a maximum of 32 slots) to the next ST over queues Q3 or Q4 (ie queue Q3 was not used). If the ST request is equal to, or greater than, the number of intervals not assigned in the channel, the ST is assigned all unassigned intervals; otherwise, fewer intervals are assigned. If the ST is not assigned all the assigned ranges, the second ST on the waiting line is assigned bandwidth, and so on, until all the intervals are assigned or no more requests exist. The BCP decreases the number of assigned intervals of the number of requests by the ST or the TSs to which they were assigned intervals and moves its indicator to the next ST on the waiting line when it resumes processing. If an ST assignment exhausts the requested intervals, the request is removed from the queue and discarded. Each volume request on the wait queue has a date clock of the last time at which the request received an assignment. If this timer exceeds the allocation timer value used by the ST, the request is rejected. 9. Transmission Messages of the Downlink Cell and the BCP Cell The BCP 16 fuses all assignments for an uplink beam 22 in one or more packets and uses a transmission cell to the downlink central sub-cell 24 which corresponds to the beam uplink 22 for sending the interval assignments to the ST 40 in the beam 22. Each uplink beam 22 has a corresponding uplink cell 24 consisting of 7 subcells 24a to 24g. A burst of the downlink is, by way of example, equal to a range of twelve packets. In some interval, the downlink process takes twelve packets, or fewer packets if there are no twelve packets in the queue, of a waiting queue of the downlink cell, points to the central subcell 24 and transmits the burst of cellular transmission to each subcell in an uplink beam. The BCP 16 on the satellite 20 transmits different information to each frame in a cellular transmission message to all the ST 40s within the uplink 22 which are also in the same downlink cell 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d, 24e, 24f or 24g. For example, the information in each frame preferably includes: (1) speed allocation or denial messages in response to Speed requests; (2) acknowledgments to volume requests received via contention or contention channels; (3) interval assignments, in response to requests for Speed and Volume, for a specific frame in the future; (4) the number and carrier of the additional temporary contention and contention channels available for a specific box in the future. The cellular transmission information described above is packaged in a downlink packet, or multiple packets if necessary, and sent via a cellular transmission address to be received by all STs 40 within a downlink cell. 10. BCP Assignments The BCP packages all assignments destined for the BCP that has assignments in the same downlink beam 24 in one or more cellular transmission messages. The common portion of the message contains the uplink frame for which assignments and other information used by all ST 40s are applied. The message allocation portion preferably has three sections, i.e., temporary contention or contention channels, assignments of Speed and Volume assignments. The Speed assignment section contains individual assignments preferably with the following information: (1) uplink channel; (2) allocation of the beginning of the interval within the table (that is, one of the intervals 0-31); (3) the number of contiguous intervals minus 1; (4) priority; and (5) the numbering pattern of the intervals. The volume assignment section contains individual assignments preferably with the following information: (1) original address of the ST; (2) uplink channel; (3) location of the beginning of the burst (that is, one of the intervals 0-31); (4) the number of contiguous intervals minus 1; '(5) an indication of whether this is the last request assignment; (6) priority (ie high or low); and (7) interval numbering pattern. 11. Transmission Message Protocol The BOS requires that the ST 40 and the satellite 20 have an exchange of messages and event timers to remain synchronized. Now the protocol for the Speed request will be described. First, the ST 40 sends a speed request on a containment or contention channel and initiates its response timer. If the satellite 20 receives the request, it sends an acceptance or denial response. If the ST 40 receives an accepted response, the speed is above the queue on the satellite 20. If the ST 40 receives a denial response on the satellite 20, the ST initiates its 750 ms new request timer and sends another Speed request when the timer of a request expires. If the ST response timer expires, the ST sends another speed request immediately and starts its response timer. Now the protocol for the de-allocation of Speed will be described. The ST 40 sends a Speed De-assignment message, using the last received assignment for the speed, and initiates its response timer. If the satellite 20 receives the message, the satellite sends an unassigned response. If the ST 40 does not receive the de-assignment message, its response timer expires and sends another message of de-allocation of Speed to the satellite, using the last assignment received by the Speed. The ST also starts its response timer. Now the protocol for the volume requests will be described. The ST sends a volume request on the request or contention channel and initiates its response timer. If the satellite 20 receives and accepts the request, it sends an acknowledgment or an assignment to the ST. If the ST 40 receives the acknowledgment or assignment, and the assignment was not for the total of the requested intervals, the initial ST its allocation timer. If the ST does not receive an acknowledgment or an assignment before its answer timer expires, it sends another volume request and starts its response timer. Each time the ST receives an assignment, for its request, and this is not the last assignment of the request, it restarts its allocation timer. If the allocation timer expires and the ST has more packets to send, it sends another volume request on a contention or contention channel and starts its response timer. When the ST receives its last assignment from a response and has more packets to send, it uses one of the intervals in the assignment to send a follow-up request for additional intervals and starts its allocation timer. 12. Fragmentation of the Ascending Link Table The BCP 16 searches a frame for 32 consecutive intervals. As stated above, a numbering scheme of the ranges is preferably used as described with reference to Figures 6-9. In this way, when assigning the Speed requests for a channel, the BCP gives the first request on the waiting queue the first consecutive intervals in a table starting with the interval 0. At the second request for speed on the row of wait is assigned consecutive intervals starting from the last interval of the first request, and so on, until all the speed requests are assigned. The BCP performs a similar process with. the volume requests. At the first volume request on the waiting queue, up to 32 consecutive intervals are given in the table that is being assigned as available and can be used, then the next volume request on the waiting queue is assigned the following consecutive intervals, and so on. This almost completely eliminates the need to perform defragmentation on the frame. A channel with four 128K speed assignments is automatically defragmented when any request is released (ie, unassigned), and the remaining speed requests are assigned when assignments are made for the next frame. 13. Assignments for Bandwidth. The Bandwidth Control Algorithm (BC) makes assignments once per frame for the uplink frame which is approximately 2 1/2 frames in the future. It processes each uplink beam and makes allocations for requests on the queue in the following sequence: (1) Speed Assignments; (2) High Priority Volume Assignments; and (3) Low Priority Volume Assignments. BCP 16 looks for volume assignments in a table in lg to assign several tables in advance, say 10 tables. In an oversubscribed uplink, no matter how many advance tables are used, the result is at most an unassigned table available at any time. The first received request obtains the assignment of all 10 frames in the early search. If another request is received in the following table, 9 of the 10 anticipated tables have already been assigned in the previous table. In this way, the second request is given only the tenth frame and so on. In a fully loaded system, nothing is allocated on a base by frames different from the furthest frame in the early search. In this way, it is advantageous to have a small advance search. A small early search interval is easier to manage, and it handles priorities better, among other benefits. In this system 10, an advance search of two frames, instead of an optimal forward search of a frame, can be used to limit the assignments on the downlink. The BCP 16 preferably places the volume requests in the queue and sends many assignments, instead of giving the requesting ST 40 those that are available at that time, and allows the ST to request again the unassigned portion of the request . Assuming an oversubscribed uplink with a table to be assigned at any point in time, the placement of the queue does not cause a significant increase in the requests, since only a small portion of each request can be assigned the instant it arrives at the petition. This overloads contention or contention channels, (that is, if there are no tracking requests) or decreases the data bandwidth by shifting data with tracking requests. It is more efficient to place volume requests with several others in the queue, use a cyclic round assignment scheme to enter assignments for anyone in the queue, therefore satisfying all STs with one assignment every 400-500 ms or until all requests are met. Another advantage of the present invention is the impartiality of follow-up requests to STs that make aloha requests when the number of contention or contention channels is reduced due to a heavy packet load. In an oversubscribed uplink, the BCP attempts to fill the uplink and be fair to the competent ST at the same time. BCP 16 ignores follow-up requests if there is more than a selected number of requests already in the queue. The issuer of the trace request then waits until the allocation timer expires to send a new request aloha. Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment thereof, it will be understood that the invention is not limited to the details thereof. Several mocations and substitutions to the above description have been suggested, and other experts in the art will occur to them. It is intended that all those requests be encompassed within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. It is noted that in relation to this date the best method known by the applicant to carry out the aforementioned invention, is that which is clear from the present description of the invention.

Claims (16)

1. CLAIMS Having described the invention as above, the content of the following claims is claimed as property: 1. A method for transmitting data multiplexed by time division from a satellite terminal to a satellite, the method is characterized in that it comprises the steps of: providing the satellite terminal with at least one command that assigns a number of intervals to the satellite terminal of time within each of at least one frame for data transmission, the order identifies the number of time slots assigned in a first order according to a scheme of rearrangement of time intervals; and converting the time intervals identified by the order to corresponding time slot locations within each frame in a second order according to the reordering scheme of the time slots to distribute the assigned time slots through each frame. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises the step of selecting the ordering scheme of the time interval for distributing data from the respective satellite terminals at different time intervals through each frame. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the conversion step is carried out by the satellite terminal. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the provisioning step comprises the steps of: receiving a request for bandwidth in the satellite of the satellite terminal; processing the request to determine a time slot allocation within each frame by the satellite terminal to transmit data; generating the command to indicate the time intervals assigned to the satellite terminal in a first order according to the time interval reprinting scheme; and transmit the order to the satellite terminal. 5. An apparatus of bandwidth per order in a communication system, characterized in that it comprises: a processor that operates to generate commands that assign a plurality of channels between terminals, the terminals operate to process the orders and use the channels in accordance with the assignments; a receiver for receiving bandwidth requests from terminals requesting the use of such channels for the transmission of terminal traffic comprising at least one of audio, video and data; and a transmitter to transmit the commands to the terminals; where the processor assigns to each of the channels one of a containment or contention channel and a data channel, containment or contention channels allow the terminals to transmit requests for bandwidth, the data channels allow the terminals to transmit terminal traffic, the processor dynamically changes the allocation of channels depending on the number of pending requests for bandwidth at any given time. The bandwidth apparatus per request according to claim 5, characterized in that it also comprises a plurality of waiting rows connected to the processor, where the processor writes and reads from the waiting rows, stores requests for the width of band in the waiting rows, and assigns channels as data channels according to the requests for bandwidth stored in the waiting rows. 7. The bandwidth apparatus per request according to claim 5, characterized in that the channels correspond to time intervals in the frames, the processor operates to assign time intervals according to the requests for bandwidth and an allocation algorithm bandwidth to generate orders accordingly, and the terminals operate to process the orders and use the time intervals accordingly. 8. The bandwidth apparatus per request in accordance with claim 5, characterized in that at least one selected minimum number of the plurality of channels is configured as contention or contention channels. 9. The bandwidth apparatus per order according to claim 5, characterized in that the processor also operates to generate and transmit a signal via the transmitter to one of the terminals, for which it selects one of the channels that have have been assigned, indicating that a channel freed the request of a terminal to release the selected channel assignments that have been processed, the terminal is provided with a timer and is programmable to wait until the timer expires before transmitting another of the requests for bandwidth. 10. The bandwidth apparatus per request according to claim 5, characterized in that one of the terminals transmits one of the requests for bandwidth via contention or contention channels, and transmits other requests for subsequent bandwidth to receive assignments. of channel in response to a request for bandwidth in in-band messages via the assigned data channels. 11. In a bandwidth communication system per request, where the channels correspond to time intervals in the frames with some of the channels being designated for requests for bandwidth comprising at least speed requests, the requests being speed a request for a selected number of time slots in each of the frames and each of the speed requests being characterized as one of high priority and low priority, and where the communication system includes terminals that operate to transmit requests for speed. bandwidth, a processing device for providing channel assignments, characterized in that it comprises: a first waiting queue and a second waiting queue, the processing device stores the high priority rate requests in the first queue and assigns a selected number of time intervals in each of the boxes to each of the requests s of high priority speed stored in the first queue, and stores the low priority rate requests in the second queue and assigns a selected number of time slots in each of the frames to each of the requests of low priority speed stored in the second wait row, the sum of the number of time slots in each of the frames assigned to the speed requests stored in the first and second wait rows does not exceed the total number of intervals of time in each of the frames, the allocation of the time slots to the speed requests stored in the second wait row is preempted by at least one frame per assignment of the time slots to the speed requests stored in the first line of waiting for at least one table. The processing device according to claim 11, characterized in that the bandwidth requests also comprise volume requests, the volume requests correspond to a request for a selected number of time slots to send a selected quantity of terminal traffic, the terminal traffic comprises at least one of data, audio and video, and each of the speed requests is characterized as one of high priority and low priority, and where the processing device comprises, in addition, a third queue and a fourth queue, the processing device stores the high priority volume requests in the third queue and stores the low priority volume requests in the fourth queue, volume requests are preempted by at least one frame per assignment of time slots to at least one of the speed requests stored in the first queue and speed requests stored in the second queue. The processing device according to claim 12, characterized in that the volume requests stored in the fourth queue are preempted by at least one frame by assigning time slots to at least one of the speed requests stored in the first queue, the speed requests stored in the second queue, and the speed requests stored in the third queue. 14. The processing device according to claim 12, characterized in that the processing device is programmable to assign time slots in each of the frames to the volume requests stored in the third waiting row and stored in the fourth waiting row. on a cyclic round band, to allow volume requests a substantially equal opportunity to be allocated bandwidth. The processing device according to claim 12, characterized in that the processing device operates to allocate time slots to as many volume requests stored in the third queue and the fourth queue as possible, instead of provide the requesting terminals with all the bandwidth of the channels that is currently available and continue storing the volume requests in a respective one of the third waiting queue and the fourth waiting queue until the requests for bandwidth have been been assigned. 16. A method for transmitting channels to a bandwidth communication system on demand where the channels correspond to time slots in the frames and the system comprises a number of uplink cells within which the terminals transmit signals using the minus one of the channels, the method is characterized in that it comprises the steps of: controlling the use of each of the channels by means of the terminals, the terminals operate to transmit requests for bandwidth to send terminal traffic comprising at least one of data, audio and video, the plurality of channels is each useful as one of a contention or contention channel and a data channel, the containment or contention channel allows the terminals to transmit requests for bandwidth, the Data channels allow the terminals to transmit the terminal traffic, with the channels assigned in accordance with the requests for bandwidth and transm At the end of the tables, the terminals operate to adjust the power for the transmission of the bandwidth requests and the terminal traffic using an initial power condition.; and transmitting the contention channels in adjacent and isolated uplink cells as frequency channels to reduce the interference of contention or contention channels with the data channels.