CN1300480A - System for providing satellite bandwidth on demand employing uplink frame formatting for smoothing and mitigating jitter and dynamically changing numbers of contention and data channels - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of transmitting time division multiplexed data from a satellite terminal to a satellite wherein the satellite terminal receives a command indicating to transmit data during a frame comprising a plurality of timeslots in accordance with a timeslot reordering scheme. The timeslot reordering scheme is selected to spread data from respective satellite terminals to different timeslots throughout the frames. A processor monitors the use of channels by the satellite terminals, stores bandwidth requests using queues, allocates channels in accordance with bandwidth requests and a bandwidth allocation algorithm, and transmits the channel allocations in a frame. Timeslots not allocated to any of the satellite terminals are contention channels. The number of contention channels changes dynamically, depending on demand for the plurality of channels by the satellite terminals. Queues are provided for each channel for storing high and low priority rate requests and high and low priority volume requests. The bandwidth allocation algorithm determines the preemption of the queues, and allocation priorities.

Description

Use uplink frame formatting to provide the system of satellite bandwidth to be used for the number that level and smooth and mitigating jitter also dynamically changes contention channel and data channel as required

The application's book requires the rights and interests of No. the 60/122nd, 641, the interim U.S. Patent Application Serial submitted on March 4th, 1999.

Cross reference to related application:

The material of related subject is disclosed in following common unsettled interim U.S. Patent application: common unsettled interim U.S. Patent Application Serial the 60/156th, No. 806, be entitled as " providing the high speed of bandwidth on demand, the satellite system of broadband multimedia services " to dissimilar user with different transmission options; No. the 60/157th, 096, common unsettled interim U.S. Patent Application Serial is entitled as " method and apparatus that is used for uplink in the broadband multimedia satellite system with dissimilar users and transmission option "; And No. the 60/156th, 845, common unsettled interim U.S. Patent Application Serial, be entitled as " being used for method of downlink transmission and device having dissimilar users and transmit in the broadband multimedia satellite system of option "; All every applications are all submitted on September 30th, 1999, and the full content of each piece is all ad hoc taken in this paper as a reference.

Invention field:

The present invention relates to a system that is used for providing as required bandwidth to a satellite uplink.More particularly, the present invention relates to a system that bandwidth is provided as required, it uses the contention channel of a dynamic number, and each ICBM SHF satellite terminal can use these channels to come bandwidth on demand, on star, every bandwidth request is ranked, and a kind of frame format that helps level and smooth and mitigating jitter.

Background of invention:

In a satellite communication system, bandwidth on demand (BOD) is favourable, because it can more effectively use the uplink resource of satellite, and correspondingly increases uplink capacity and available bandwidth.When determining the benefit of a satellite communication system, bandwidth efficiency, particularly up bandwidth efficiency is a key factor.When last line efficiency near 100% the time, downlink efficiency just becomes a problem usually.

Multiple BOD satellite communication system has been proposed.In the BOD of routine satellite system, dispose the contention channel and the data channel of a preassignment number by the Systems Operator, and this is a kind of nonvolatil distribution, till they are reconfigured.Because the demand to each contention channel may change, so a kind of like this design is disadvantageous.Because when the demand of each contention channel was reduced, each contention channel may be used to data service, so a satellite communication system of a kind of like this design of use is inefficient to the use of upstream bandwidth.

The communication system of the BOD type that other are conventional is only supported every request of constant bit rate.Each user terminal of a constant bit rate of request is assigned with each permanent part of a data channel, till this user terminal requests termination is this time distributed.A user terminal needs upstream bandwidth, in order to send a file, therefore asks a definite bit rate, sends this document, and sends a releasing assignment messages subsequently, with this sub-distribution that terminates.Owing to distribute each interim channel in order to set up and to remove, increased size of message, can only be applicable to the communication service of less burst, so this scheme is disadvantageous.

The communication system of conventional bandwidth on demand is distributed bandwidth via once independent distribution usually in response to a bandwidth request.Therefore, if whole bandwidth request can not be satisfied, then user terminal must propose every additional bandwidth request, so that obtain the primary distribution at unsatisfied part in each time bandwidth request of front.

Therefore, need a kind of like this BOD communication system, it can handle various allocation and deallocations by the bit rate request of just sorting effectively, and at every capacity type request of the communication service of burst greatly.Also need a kind of like this BOD communication system, it can overcome other shortcomings of above-mentioned each conventional system, for example each dynamics of channels ground is used for each data channel or each contention channel.Also need a kind of like this BOD communication system, it can more effectively fill each uplink data channels, makes it to adapt to interim bit rate request, promptly, at every requests for capacity of every burst business and every request of constant bit rate, and provide the quality of service of different brackets.Also need a kind of like this BOD communication system, it can produce various bandwidth and distribute, what so that on the basis of one-period, satisfy a kind of bandwidth request, rather than provide available at that time no matter bandwidth and require this ICBM SHF satellite terminal to go to ask again in this bandwidth request assigned portions to an ICBM SHF satellite terminal of asking.

Summary of the present invention:

By means of satellite communication system of the present invention, the shortcoming of above-mentioned various BOD communication systems is overcome, and many advantages are achieved.A satellite load and each ICBM SHF satellite terminal cooperating are so that dynamically be used as each contention channel or each data channel with each up channel.Along with the reduction of data channel utilization rate, the number of each contention channel will increase, and make when peak demand appearred in upstream bandwidth, can have the more data channel available.

According to an aspect of the present invention, each ICBM SHF satellite terminal is programmed, so that send every rate request or every requests for capacity to satellite load.The every bandwidth request of satellite load Processing, and via descending Cell Broadcast CB once is distributed in each time slot in each uplink frame to each ICBM SHF satellite terminal.

According to another aspect of the present invention, each ICBM SHF satellite terminal is programmed, so that according to one or more numbering plans, will be converted to the position of other each time slots in a frame via each time slot allocation that this satellite receives.Various numbering plans are selected like this, make each grouping be distributed in as far as possible equably in time in the uplink frame.Correspondingly, use a kind of numbering plan can limit shake, reduce cutting and make cutting become uncomplicated.Owing to handle each grouping on satellite each time slot in each uplink frame, so the treatment effeciency on satellite also is improved.

According to a further aspect of the invention, satellite load is ranked to every bandwidth request and make the distribution of part on the basis of one-period, till each request is all fully satisfied.

Provide a kind of from the method for an ICBM SHF satellite terminal to a satellite transmission time multiplexing date, this method comprises following each step: (1) provides at least one order to ICBM SHF satellite terminal, when ICBM SHF satellite terminal is containing a frame according to a kind of a plurality of time slots of selected order and is sending, this order expression has at least a time slot to accord with a kind of time slot rearrangement scheme, this time slot rearrangement scheme is selected like this, make it in a kind of order of non-order, to resequence to a plurality of time slots in this frame; And (2) according to selected order, will each time slot in this order be converted to time slot separately in this frame.This time slot rearrangement scheme is selected like this, makes it can be from ICBM SHF satellite terminal separately data be distributed to variant time slot at least one frame.

The communication system of a bandwidth on demand also is provided, has comprised: (1) processor; (2) be connected to a plurality of formations of this processor, this processor can write and read operation this formation; (3) receiving systems are used for receiving every bandwidth request from each ICBM SHF satellite terminal; And (4) dispensing devices, be used for producing via this processor to each ICBM SHF satellite terminal transmission, relate to every order of channel allocation, by the every channel allocation of each ICBM SHF satellite terminal transmission corresponding to each time slot in each frame, each ICBM SHF satellite terminal is configured to and receives every channel allocation.This processor is programmed, so that control is by the use of each bar in many channels of each ICBM SHF satellite terminal use.Each bar in each channel be used as a contention channel and data channel one of them.Each contention channel allows each ICBM SHF satellite terminal to send every bandwidth request.Each data channel allows each ICBM SHF satellite terminal to send the ICBM SHF satellite terminal customer service.This processor uses its individual queue to store every bandwidth request, be distributed in each time slot in many channels according to every bandwidth request and a kind of bandwidth allocation algorithm, and send every channel allocation via this dispensing device, so that in a follow-up appointed uplink frame, use by each ICBM SHF satellite terminal.Each time slot that processor will not be assigned to any ICBM SHF satellite terminal is used for each contention channel, makes the number of each contention channel dynamically change according to the demand of each ICBM SHF satellite terminal to many channels.

This processor uses every rate request of storing high and low precedence at the individual queue of each bar channel, and every requests for capacity of high and low precedence, also have a kind of bandwidth allocation algorithm, be used for determining emptying in advance of individual queue, and each priority level of distributing.

All brief description of drawings

From the detailed description below in conjunction with all accompanying drawings, various aspects of the present invention, advantage and various novel characteristics will become and be easier to understand, therein:

Fig. 1 represents satellite communication system according to an embodiment of the invention, and it is constructed for bandwidth on demand, uses the route (selection) of dividing into groups on a plurality of high-gain spot beams and the star;

Fig. 2 represents according to one embodiment of present invention and the satellite load and each ICBM SHF satellite terminal that constitute;

Fig. 3 represents each uplink beam and each downlink wave beam in the satellite communication system according to an embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 4 represents up channel division according to an embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 5 represents a uplink frame in system's timing according to an embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 6,7,8 and 9 expressions are according to an embodiment of the invention, are used for the time-gap number scheme of each uplink frame;

Figure 10 represents according to an embodiment of the invention, each the continuous time slot in a frame.

In all accompanying drawings, identical reference number will be understood that at identical part or parts.

The detailed description of all embodiment

1. satellite system is scanned

Referring to Fig. 1, broadband multimedia satellite system 10 of the present invention preferably uses one or many geostationary orbits (GEO) satellite 20, and the user data rate of wide region is provided, and provides service simultaneously on the basis of a kind of bandwidth on demand (BOD).System 10 uses the high-power satellite of latest generation, uses Digital Signal Processing on the star, a plurality of high-gain spot beams, and the route (selection) of dividing into groups on the star.Broadband multimedia satellite system 10 preferably can be supported the user data of per second 10 gigabits (Gbps) at least in the transmission mode of a kind of point-to-point (PTP).Via the Ultra Small Aperture Terminal (USATS) of cheapness,, provide various services to the user hereinafter referred to as ICBM SHF satellite terminal (each ST) 40.As shown in Figure 2, a ST 40 can be a terminal use ST or a network ST (NST).Broadband multimedia satellite system 10 preferably runs on the 30/20 GHz Ka wave band frequency spectrum of distributing to Ka wave band FSS (FSS).By the number that in each adjacent orbit gap, increases the number of satellite or increase runs on the satellite of different frequency in identical orbit gap,, just can make the capacity of system become telescopic to guarantee system extension in the future.

Broadband multimedia satellite system 10 is a kind of packet-based transmission systems, and it can provide bandwidth on demand (BOD) to connect support voice, data, video, and other various mutual and application, for example interactive digital communication and high-speed Internet/(HSI) access.The combination of small-sized terminals and high-throughput make broadband multimedia satellite system for from big-and-middle-sized company and other mechanisms to various small enterprises, and consumer/SOHO (SOHO: small office or family office) user's users become useful.The raw data rate that each single-carrier frequency is supported is 16.384Mbps (8E1) preferably, 2.048Mbps (E1), and 512kpbs (E1/4).The " fall back " mode" of a 128kpbs (E1/16) also is provided to each terminal that stands big rainfall decline, thereby provides the availability of having improved to the terminal of low side type.Allow to realize seamless integrated with the interface of ground network (for example PSTN (PSTN), various cellular networks and various company data net) with existing communication system infrastructure.

As shown in Figure 2, provide a network operation control centre (NOCC),, for example verified whether each ST has been authorized to the resource of using system 10, and supported the various connections and the BOD business of order as per the schedule to carry out multiple operation.System 10 also supports the connectionless service that does not need NOCC to get involved to call out to set up.For once connection-oriented calling, an ICBM SHF satellite terminal (ST) communicates with NOCC, so that receive each token, in order to this load request upstream bandwidth.In this connection mode, NOCC can determine whether that enough bandwidth can be used for satisfying every request of ST.For once connectionless calling, a ST directly communicates with load 21, needn't at first use a contention channel request to obtain the authorization from NOCC there.

Basic difference between the FSS of routine system and broadband multimedia satellite system 10 is the regeneration properties (Fig. 2) of broadband multimedia satellite system load 21.In the FSS of routine satellite system, an independent wave beam is typically served this satellite coverage area.The information that sends from a central terminal station is received by satellite, and to being in this intended destination with all interior user terminal broadcasting.Each user terminal is via satellite to their desirable destination of terminal station foldback.Therefore, satellite plays a part repeater simply.Various netted connections (that is, user terminal is to the various connections of user terminal) must transmit by the hub that produces additional delay usually, and above-mentioned additional delay is owing to required double jump produces.

Yet as shown in Figure 1, in broadband multimedia satellite system 10 of the present invention, up (link) uses for example about 112 spot beams, and it is distributed in this satellite coverage area and provides covering with each interior uplink cells 22 on geography.System 10 has a satellite load 21, and it can be combined route in the wave beam with a kind of broadcast-capable.Each uplink cells 22 preferably runs on a kind of fixing polarization mode with 4 sub-districts repeated use figures, so that make the capacity density maximization.As shown in Figure 3, each descending covering is divided into 7 microcellulor 24a to 24g again with each ascending honeycomb sub-district 22.Each descending microcellulor 24 can be worked under any polarization mode, but in operation, except high zone of going into to exhale capacity requirement of existence, it all is assigned with a kind of independent polarization mode.This just makes satellite 20 have benefited from point-to-point (PTP) transmission available peak gain in each bundle downlink wave beam.

In addition, satellite 20 is different from various conventional satellite parts and is, is handled and is transmitted by route by 21 pairs of user data of satellite load or wideband multimedia grouping.Therefore, satellite load 21 has been born most of responsibility of exchange and route, and former in the FSS of routine system, this is that the network control unit of entrusting to central terminal station is done.

The main transfer function of wideband multimedia satellite 20 is not the wideband multimedia grouping that has received to one of whole overlay area broadcasting.When running on ptp mode following time, satellite load 21 of the present invention receives a grouping from a uplink cells 22, and it is sent to the descending cellular cell 24 that a target satellite terminal (ST) 40 is only arranged therein by route.Load 21 can also be sent to nearly descending sub-district 24 more than 40 with a packet copies with by route, is used for a little using to multiple spot (PMP).Satellite load 21 can also support PMP to use under the situation of not duplicating.Each ST40 in 24 the insides, a descending microcellulor sub-district receives all wideband multimedia groupings from load 21, and only handles those groupings of wherein mailing to this specific ST40.For example, for a system 10 that runs on the North America, each satellite 20 is all had the ability to the continent U.S. (CONUS), Alaska, and Canadian predefine part in Hawaii and chosen city, Latin America send the wideband multimedia grouping.Two CONUS broadcast beams (each is corresponding to a kind of polarization mode) are preferably arranged, so that can cover satellite coverage area all or part of simultaneously.System 10 can also be configured to send each grouping to all each ST of 22 the insides in the sub-district, that is, and and Cell Broadcast CB.

Load 21 on satellite 20 comprises reception antenna, be used for receiving each uplink beam (for example wave beam 106) from each uplink cells 22, and each low-converter (for example Ka wave band low-converter 120), carry out down-conversion in order to frequency, so that handle by a switching matrix (for example fast packet switching (FPS) 14) to each signal of being received.FPS14 is connected to each upstream cell 22 with the demodulator (representing with RF/Modem unit 18) of variable number as required in Fig. 2.

Continuation is referring to Fig. 2, and according to the present invention, load 21 preferably includes 5376 E1 channels, and perhaps its equivalent for example, is used for E1/4, E1, and various many rate demodulation devices of 8E1 transmission.FPS14 exchanges the output of each demodulator in each variable bit rate modulator (for example modulator 24), above-mentioned each modulator also is represented as RF/Modem unit 18.The asynchronous transfer mode of preferably a kind of per second 10 gigabits of FPS14 (Gbps) or the fast packet switching of ATM type.Provide a load control computer (PCC) 12, to carry out the operation of BOD and every load management.The direct I/O of Ka wave band (I/O) modulator produces frequency hopping wave beam (for example 442Mbps frequency hopping wave beam), and it carries out time division multiplexing together with each broadcast beam (for example two 147Mbps broadcast beams).Dynamically determine the controllable delay time of each descending sub-district 24 as required.Provide a kind of band wildcard to put, make satellite 20 use as a bent-tube boiler transponder, its overlay area is adjustable.Also have one group of transmitting antenna, it can produce for example 24 wave beams, and is connected to the output of each modulator or band-pass circuit.

Because broadband multimedia satellite system 10 of the present invention can obtain high link availability and low packet loss rate, so it is favourable.For example, realized typically being higher than 99.7% availability, simultaneously end-to-end packet loss rate typically be better than 1,000,000/.Another benefit of broadband multimedia satellite system 10 of the present invention is to the ability of Resources allocation dynamically of the zone with high requirements.Satellite 20 is provided at the distribution flexibly of the demodulator resource in the satellite load 21 in each uplink cells 22.This flexibility makes system 10 have a kind of capacity planning function via NOCC28, changes to adapt to relative short-term capacity requirement (for example several hrs) and long-term.

As shown in Figure 4, up (link) utilizes a kind of FDMA tdma signal form, and each ST sends in a frequency of having distributed (shown in 50) and time slot (shown in 52).Uplink user data grouping uses 3 kinds to support a kind of in the burst mode, per second 521,000 symbols (ksps) for example, and per second 2.08 million symbols (Msps), perhaps each channel of 16.67Msps is respectively Ru 54,56 and 58 shown in.Preferably every satellite 20 uses 16 frequency sub-band altogether, and each polarization mode has 8 frequency sub-band 60, shown in 50.Can distribute one or more frequency sub-band 60 to each uplink cells 22.According to burst mode, a frequency sub-band 60 preferably can adapt to following various transmission capacity: 24 E1 channels 56, perhaps 3 16.67 Msps channels 58 or 96 E1/4 channels 54.All frequency sub-band that are assigned to a specific uplink cells 22 all have identical polarization mode; Therefore, each ST40 in sub-district 22 is configured to identical polarization mode.0 to 8 frequency sub-band 60 is assigned to each uplink cells 22 of every satellite 20 according to the expection traffic from each ST of this sub-district.Therefore, the heap(ed) capacity that can be assigned to a given uplink cells 22 is 8 frequency sub-band 60 preferably, and it is corresponding to 192 E1 channels.For fear of interference, a given frequency sub-band can not distributed to geographical each the adjacent uplink cells 22 of.

According to the present invention, support 3 kinds of downlink transfer patterns.A kind of point-to-point (PTP) pattern provides netted connection between each ST40.Broadcast mode (for example a kind of CONUS broadcast mode) is used to each the ST40 broadcast message that is positioned at a selected geographic area (for example CONUS).Beacon patterns is used to system synchronization.Other usages of ptp mode comprise multicast or with packet copies and send to nearly 40 positions, and Cell Broadcast CB (that is, grouping being broadcasted to group or 1 uplink cells 22 of 7 descending sub-districts 24).The descending structure of wideband multimedia satellite has the ability of distributing overall system capacity between PTP and CONUS broadcast capacity neatly.Be in the time of ptp mode with respect to the percentage of the time that is in broadcast mode by changing down link, just can adjust the capacity allocation between ptp mode and broadcast mode.

Referring to beacon among Fig. 2 and timing square frame 32, beacon patterns is by in the downlink frame of using one of each descending time slot, and every 3ms sends one group of 1/3 speed binary phase shift keying (BPSK) pseudo noise (PRN) sequence and realizes system synchronization.This beacon uses a kind of beam pattern that is designed to the whole overlay area of adaptive system 10.

Each downlink frame preferably is divided into 3ms 138 time slots, and they are by PTP, CONUS, and beacon send share.The transmission rate of PTP and CONUS is respectively 400Mbps and 133 1/3Mbps.Each PTP burst takies a time slot, and the CONUS burst of 1/3 speed then uses 3 time slots.Therefore, the division of the traffic between PTP and CONUS can be according to the increment change of 3 time slots.

Descending (link) preferably includes one group of nearly 24 independences and mobile simultaneously two-forty (400Mbps) TDM carrier frequency.Each TDM carrier frequency all comprises the user traffic of a given geographic area.In each descending time slot time (21.73 μ s), the set of 24 carrier frequency can be led once again, to serve a different descending sub-district 24.Alternatively, from the available horsepower of 24 TDM carrier frequency be used to produce 2 TDM carrier frequency one of them, the latter serves a CONUS broadcasting shape wave beam, and works in a kind of 133 1/3Mbps (that is low rate mode 400/3Mbps).

In order to realize the BOD access technology, wideband multimedia satellite 10 uses the transmission of packetizing.When a wideband multimedia satellite packet via satellite load send to the process of another ST40 from a ST40, experienced repeatedly conversion.A ST the inside, user data at first is divided into each wideband multimedia satellite packet, together with forward error correction, and the access control security signature, and synchrodata is together, is used to form each uplink burst pulse.Then, on frequency of being distributed and time slot, satellite 20 is arrived in each uplink burst pulsing, as top illustrated with reference to Fig. 4.

When receiving a burst, in case of necessity, 21 pairs of each wideband multimedia satellite packet of satellite load are decoded and error correction.Subsequently, checking that each grouping has or not the access control signature, is to send over from a ST40 who has authorized to guarantee it.If this burst is effectively (that is, through authentication and be free from mistakes), then respectively this grouping is extracted and is sent to appropriate purpose ground according to route.A satellite route field that is comprised in the header of each grouping is used for determining by load Processing device 21 which descending sub-district 24 this grouping is sent to.Each grouping enters a descending TDM burst structure through packing and sends on descending (link).

Target ST40 handles all downlink grouped in the burst of the sub-district 24 that sends to it by the address, and therefrom extracts each wideband multimedia satellite packet.This ST checks the address information in each grouping the inside, and whether decision should further process this grouping.If this grouping is sent to this target ST by the address, then to be reconfigured be the grouping of a user data to their quilts, and be sent to this user's application item.

Referring to beacon and timing unit 32, use the satellite beacon of periodically broadcasting and keep system synchronization in conjunction with time (TOD) message in one day by spacecraft (being airship).This beacon makes realizes that between each ST40 and satellite load 21 two kinds of Time And Frequencies are synchronous.The frequency alignment of PN clock derivation between ST40 and satellite load (reference) from having recovered in ST40.Produce timing signal from 1.56 seconds beacon beats.On satellite 20, keep TOD, and this satellite is issued these message at the first half of beacon beat to all microcellulor sub-districts 24.At the boundary of beat, each ST uses new numerical value to upgrade time in its one day.

Wideband multimedia ICBM SHF satellite terminal (node) utilizes the carrier frequency of suitable type to support the data-rate requirements of this application.By the every order by the NOCC28 issue, satellite 20 can be configured to be supported in the required burst mode on up (link) 22 of each bar.Accurate configuration and stock number depend on service environment, and can reconfigure according to the domination of professional qualification.Except the terminal that only receives, minimum, all ST40 preferably support the burst mode of 512ksps.

As mentioned above, system 10 of the present invention supports connectionless and connection-oriented various callings.For once connection-oriented calling, ST40 communicates receiving each token with NOCC28, in order to this load request upstream bandwidth.In this connection mode, NOCC28 can determine whether that enough available bandwidths satisfy every request of ST.For once connectionless calling, ST40 directly communicates with load 21, and needn't at first obtain the authorization from NOCC28 there.ST at first sends a contention channel request so that obtain upstream bandwidth to load.Load p CC12 sends one to this ST immediately and distributes and a power measurement values, makes ST adjust its ascending power.Load 21 receives each fragments for packet there from ST, the signature that checking is wherein provided, and the order of downlink transfer is carried out in each grouping that is ranked, and subsequently they is sent.

2. uplink frame structure

Illustrated as the front in conjunction with Fig. 4, (that is respectively be 512kbps respectively, at the uplink frame structure of 3 kinds of speed of each data channel, 2Mbps, and each channel 54,56 of 16Mbps, with 58) preferably contain the frame 104 of a 96ms, respectively have the time slot 106 of 32 3ms, as shown in Figure 5.For example, the " fall back " mode" that discuss the front uses 8 time slots of every frame concerning the 128kbps channel.Each ST can send the burst of the grouping of 3ms each time slot of every channel to, so that handled by satellite load 21.The number of each grouping within a time slot changes with speed.For example, on the channel of a 512kbps, the burst of a 3ms contains two groupings, contains 8 groupings on the channel of a 2Mbps, and 64 groupings are then arranged on the channel of a 16Mbps.The present invention will be described below with reference to up (link) in 512kbps (1/4E1) speed.It will be appreciated that, also identical therewith at up (link) design of 2Mbps (E1) and 16Mbps (8E1).

Concerning each data channel, preferably as shown in Figure 6 according to the numbering of each time slot position of the present invention.For illustrative purposes, this frame is described to the matrix of one 8 row, and each row has 4 time slots respectively.Each time slot in delegation is continuous in time, and each provisional capital is like this.For the user who is lower than full rate, this numbering plan allows to distribute each time slot 106 more even in time within a frame 104.Between each up channel, alleviate shake thus and make the traffic be tending towards balanced.Can use multiple different time-gap number pattern, so that it is more even at each interchannel traffic distribution to be got, as Fig. 7, shown in 8 and 9.

According to the present invention each ST40 is programmed, each timeslot number that distributes according to a kind of numbering plan is changed (for example, one of numbering plan is shown in Fig. 6-9), shake, and provide balanced, as shown in figure 10 each time slot of serial number to reduce.Such conversion allows to use each time slot that is distributed that each grouping is sent to target ST there according to correct order.For example, if a ST40 has been assigned with time slot 0 to 3, then this ST is in described each numbering plan of Figure 10, and at time slot 0,8,16 and 24 send its each grouping.Correspondingly, each time slot that is sent is distributed among the frame 104.Use numbering plan to allow original ST is used simpler order, as to its employed those time slot.In other words, a ST can use 4 continuous time slot in front in each scheme of Fig. 6, and this is more simple than each timeslot number (that is, 0,8,16 and 24) is provided in a time slot allocation order.Because the time-gap number scheme has been avoided the inhomogeneous use of each timeslot number in all channels of a frame, so it is favourable equally, has promoted the processing of satellite to each grouping in the cycle in entire frame basically thus, no matter the load of communication and type are how.If do not use a kind of like this numbering plan, then the first half in each frame period (that is time slot 0-15) may be used more continually than each time slot of the latter half in the frame period.

For in the frame of a 96ms, make the traffic of all channels be tending towards balanced, for example, used 4 kinds of different numbering plans (for example, Fig. 6-9).When this channel is configured, by a kind of in 4 kinds of patterns of each bar channel allocation of NOCC28.NOCC28 can come like this to the various patterns of each channel allocation, makes on average, and the grouping number that is sent in any 3ms time slot of uplink frame equals the grouping number that sent in any other 3ms time slot at this frame haply.Therefore, this NOCC distributes to each pattern with 1/4th of 16Mbps channel, and 1/4th of 2Mbps channel is distributed to each pattern, and the rest may be inferred by analogy for it.

3. up each wave beam and each channel

As mentioned above, and with reference to the RF/Modem unit 18 of Fig. 2, satellite 20 has a plurality of upstream demodulator (for example, 224 demodulators).Each upstream demodulator is preferably supported the equivalent of 3 16Mbps channels 58.Each bar 16Mbps channel can be configured to an independent 16Mbps channel 58 or 8 2Mbps channels 56, as shown in Figure 4.If be configured to 8 2Mbps channels, then each bar wherein can be configured to an independent 2Mbps channel 56, perhaps 4 512kbps channels 54.Therefore, if all channels all are configured to 512kbps channel 54, then (communication) capacity of satellite is 21,504 channels.A uplink beam 22 preferably needs at least one upstream demodulator.For the purpose of bandwidth control, preferably consider in a uplink beam 22, to handle the set of each channel by a demodulator.

In system 10, preferably use two types up channel, that is, and each contention channel and each data channel.Article one, channel can only be configured to a contention channel or a data channel, and can not be configured to two kinds of channels at one time in any a period of time.In other words, each up channel preferably runs on a kind of in two kinds of patterns,, keeps channel as a contention channel or one that is.Satellite load 21 sends each information block by multicast each ST in being in uplink beam, and the configuration with the explanation up channel comprises which channel is a contention channel, and which channel is to keep channel.Contention channel preferably runs on the speed of 512kbps.

When ST used a contention channel, this ST was for example with a 3ms, and the burst of two groupings sends to one of this channel at random among the time slot.If there are not other ST to send a burst to identical channel and time slot, then satellite load 21 can be handled this grouping, and provides this grouping in this burst.Once conflict if there are two or more ST to send grouping and take place in identical channel and time slot, then a grouping can be handled and provide to load 21 only, and other bursts will be lost.Each grouping might be handled and provide to load 21 also.Each ST does not receive the direct ack message of having lost about its treated contention channel burst or this burst from satellite load 21.Each ST is by waiting for from (sending each grouping to it) satellite load 21, ST or end user's a response, and the data of determining to be sent to a contention channel are processed.

Each ST can be used to each contention channel to control purpose, so that each grouping is sent to PCC12 or at the ST of system (SST) at NOCC28 place, perhaps, if authorized, is used for communication objectively, and user data packets is sent to another ST.The channel of some 512kbps can be assigned with and only be used for the packet contention, and other 512kbps channels then can be allocated for control or each data contention burst.

Each contention channel also is used for proposing every bandwidth allocation request to the BCP14 of satellite 20 by ST40.According to the every request in its formation, periodically carry out allocated bandwidth by BCP14.After distributing, BCP shifts any each data channel that is not assigned with fully and is each contention channel.For example, every distribution is received in one descending (link), carries out multicast to all ST40 that are among the uplink beam.This multicast or Cell Broadcast CB are also indicated any additional contention channel (except each contention channel that has disposed) that can be used for ST40 in wave beam 22 at a particular frame.NOCC28 is preferably in the middle of all demodulators all channel configurations among all uplink beams, and its step is as follows: (1) collocating uplink speed; (2) configuration time-gap number scheme; And (3) dispose the use (for example, the contention of supervision, BOD contention, data contention, data, or unavailable) of each bar channel.

Suppose that the demodulator of serving a uplink beam 22 is configured to 96 channels 58 of 512kbps speed, each up channel that is among the wave beam 22 is used according to following manner: at first, each channel of the highest numbering is configured to each contention channel of a selected number.Each data channel preferably starts from each channel of lowest number.Except each contention channel that has disposed, all channels all can be used for BOD and distribute.By starting from the 1st data channel, carry out every allocated bandwidth or every distribution.Any unappropriated each data channel all is transferred and is interim (that is being interim to a frame) each contention channel.

Utilize rule again according to employed frequency in system 10, concerning a kind of given atmosphere signal degradation, each ST is to send data near best power level.Each ST and satellite load 21 are all used a kind of uplink power control algorithm (ULPC), and each ST is from the satellite receiving feedback signals, to realize a kind of power control of closed-loop type thus.As each ST first during bandwidth on demand, provide one may be coarse initial condition to control loop, with the initial power that is identified for sending.Send every bandwidth request via a contention channel.The ULPC algorithm provides the performance that is different from speed and capacity channels on each contention channel.In order to solve the inexactness of ascending power, the constraints that on each contention channel, preferably adopts frequency to use.When a ST during with high-power transmission data, the interference of relevant type just occurs on a contention channel, and a ST with suitable power level sending data produced disturb.Each contention channel by adjacent isolated plot is set to shared frequency, because each contention channel does not influence speed and capacity communication performance, so the interference that may occur adding.

4. every rate request

Every rate request specifies in the number of the time slot 106 in each uplink frame 104, and a ST40 need satisfy the various up link demands that are used for connection-oriented communication.The first time rate request causes the distribution of the time slot of preferably every frame constant, numbers, and the distribution in time of each time slot should be even as much as possible, makes that ST can be used for sending each grouping according to a kind of constant speed.Each frame preferably has and mostly is 32 time slots (Fig. 5) most.A rate request is specified from 1 to 32 time slot of every frame.A sufficient 16Mbps, 2Mbps, or 512kbps user asks 32 all time slots.A 8Mbps, 1Mbps, or 256kbps user asks 16 time slots of every frame, and the rest may be inferred by analogy for it.The ST that is asking obtains a constant distribution of uplink capacity in every frame, till the releasing assignment messages that is mail to satellite by ST via is cancelled this request.The transmission rate of every frame distributes permission PCC12 rate travel in a channel to distribute each time slot, perhaps above-mentioned time slot is transferred to another channel, to realize the cutting of going of every rate-allocation.The first time rate request has following message at least: (1) ST source address (for example, ST source sign and uplink beam sign); (2) Qing Qiu type (that is rate request); (3) number of the required time slot 106 of every frame 104; (4) (any) channel speed in formation (for example, specify 512kbps, 2.048Mbps, or 16.384Mbps, perhaps channel, each time slot, or the like); (5) Qing Qiu priority level; And (6) security information.

Every rate request (data) is placed among the data channel Q1 or Q2 of BCP memory 16 the insides.The ST40 that is asking receives a kind of periodic allocation (or distribution), latter's allocated channel, original position, and number of time slot.In distributing each time, a ST40 is assigned with identical channel and original position, unless it is notified on channel and/or the position change has taken place.When ST proposes an additional request (speed or capacity) and is moved to a new channel and/or position, perhaps when in order to go cutting again on time, it is necessary changing.

Every rate request is lined up, and prepares to be sent to the 1st data channel, till its capacity is filled, is sent to the 2nd data channel then, and the rest may be inferred by analogy for it.Every rate request is filled in such a way, makes each data channel that it allows not carry out rate-allocation and do not carry out capacity allocation all be transferred and is each contention channel.

Initial bandwidth request at a kind of rate-allocation preferably only is sent to a contention channel; Yet, passable in order to the message that a rate request is removed distribution, and preferably in the scope of the rate request that is disengaged distribution, send.One of them confirms every rate request to BCP16 by following dual mode, that is, and and a rate-allocation message or a speed refuse information.Speed from ST40 discharges (or remove and distribute) message and is confirmed by satellite 20.If in one period selected time interval, ST can not get the response for a rate request or speed release, and then it will retransmit this message.If a ST receives response is refused in the request of a rate request, then it carries out retry after through one period selected time interval.When no longer needing rate request, preferably it is removed and distribute (release) by ST.

By sending another rate request of specifying different every frame slot numbers, just can increase or reduce every rate request.Use sends this new request from a kind of distribution of original rate request.If this request can be licensed, then ST receives one and admits message; Otherwise ST receives a refuse information.Before BCP16 successfully handled new rate request, it did not remove distribution to the original rate request.

A ST who runs into rainfall decline does not perhaps receive the ST of the cell broadcast messages that adopts this distribution, wait for always, when it receives the Cell Broadcast CB next time of specifying its distribution that begins to send till.A ST who retreats or advance to a channel with different channels speed uses an original rate request, even this ST has had available speed and waited in line one other channel speed.When receiving when retreating rate request, BCP16 abandons the speed of having lined up.

5. every requests for capacity

Every requests for capacity is specified the number of a ST at ascending time slot required when another ST sends the grouping that specifies number.The ST that is asking receives a kind of periodic distribution of one or more time slots in a particular frame, up to whole number of time slot of being asked all be assigned with finish till.System 10 of the present invention confirmed in any a period of time, exist some be used for rate-allocation the summation maximum of upstream bandwidth, and can be used for capacity allocation at the packet-type communication of burst in the part of total upstream bandwidth of a uplink beam.Though in the time interval of one section weak point, several such time slot allocation may appear, can be used for sending and (for example contain hundreds of groupings, each IP frame be packed as each the grouping) a file, but a capacity allocation is used for sending one or more packets, (also being feasible) by a ST in the up link that once occurs separately.

A requests for capacity has following message at least: (1) ST source address; (2) Qing Qiu type (that is requests for capacity); (3) Qing Qiu priority level (that is, high or low); (4) number of time slot of being asked; (5) channel speed; And (6) indications, this whether additional request is described, in order to send each the additional grouping that has been received since the last time request.

A ST can use requests for capacity to send lot of data on up link, and by using augmentation requests, almost sends data in the time continuously a segment length.For example,, the every initial capacity request at upstream bandwidth is proposed, in order to obtain on a contention channel to sending the required a plurality of time slots that respectively divide into groups by on up link, sending a piece of news.If ST receives additional data before initial request is fully measured, then send message in the band by a time slot allocation using last request, " a replenishing " requests for capacity is proposed.This augmentation requests is the required timeslot number of each grouping at not filing a request as yet, comprises the grouping that is used for the data of being replaced by this augmentation requests.ST40 has an augmentation requests timer, its regularly width greater than an initial contention request timer of also installing therein (timing width).The distribution timer that augmentation requests timer (timing width) preferably equals to be discussed below (timing width).When uplink beam 22 too is scheduled to, and have a large amount of time slot (that is, the number more than or equal to a threshold value that has disposed) to be among the formation of all data channels, at this moment, BCP16 abandons all augmentation requests.The bit of request in (message) represented whether augmentation requests of this request.

In response to a requests for capacity, BCP16 is preferably in the selected millisecond number, in a multicast distributes or confirms to divide into groups, sends one to the ST that is filing a request and distributes or send a confirmation signal respectively.If do not receive response at this time quantum with interior, then ST40 can request once more on a contention channel.A kind of additional backward algorithm is provided, has attempted reducing the likelihood score chance of another time conflict, increased number of times at random of asking once more of transmission according to it.

Confirmation signal is used to guarantee that ST40 receives a secondary response, if this request is admitted, then in a selected millisecond number, reduces the number of asking once more on each contention channel.Because ST will distribute the numerical value of timer to be used for every augmentation requests, and supposition, unless timer time arrives, it all is received, so concerning every augmentation requests, do not provide confirmation signal.

Receive its response timer of ST40 cancellation that the 1st of a segment acknowledgement signal or a multinomial distribution distributes, and a distribution timer is set.When receiving each branch timing, this timer is restarted.If regularly arrive, then ST40 just sends a new request on a contention channel.

For requests for capacity, any a period of time in BCP16, each priority level or destination preferably only allow the request of an active and the request of a derivation.For example, each request priority level can be used two request marks and reach 126 different destinations.Then, a ST can use one in two request marks to send an initial requests for capacity, use another request mark to send the request of a derivation, and alternately use a request that continues to send every derivation in two request marks, till its total data all is sent out away.

BCP16 in satellite 20 be placed on every requests for capacity low or the high precedence formation among.Every requests for capacity is retained among the formation of satellite 20 the insides, has all been assigned or is occurring once disposing overtime (for example, using a distribution timer) afterwards up to the bandwidth of being asked.

The sum of every requests for capacity of low and high precedence capacity formation that enters a channel is according to the total capacity that can be used for capacity allocation, the number of time slot that the requests for capacity of each in formation is required, and every delay requires and changes.The maximum of the every request number in formation is configurable.

Every requests for capacity is distributed among each available data channel equably, and in other words, the 1st request is placed in the 1st available channel and lines up, and the 2nd request is placed in next bar available channel lines up, and the rest may be inferred.Therefore, if 10 available channels are arranged, and receive 10 requests for capacity in the frame at one time, then in theory, every channel all is put into a request and ranks.Every request is ranked on an end to end basis in each channel basically.

Each ST that is in the competition of attempting obtaining upstream bandwidth keeps fairness by several different methods.For example, a contention channel that is used for the initial capacity request is used as such, and makes each ST all have the chance of success that equates basically.During the heavy traffic of appropriateness occurring, will be abandoned from the augmentation requests of each ST40.This just provides a chance preferably for other each ST successfully ask contention channel.The abandoned ST of its augmentation requests does not send another request on contention channel, till its distribution timer time arrives.

During business extremely congested (all maximum) as, all formations, BCP16 by to stop production in contention with request send confirmation signal and abandon this subsequently and ask to be controlled at the number of request once more on the contention channel.All ST40 did not make request once more before the expiration of distribution time.

6.ST the use of contention channel

An operations that ST is performed that proposes a bandwidth request (speed or capacity) on a contention channel is described now.If this ST does not receive BCP16 at the Cell Broadcast CB assignment messages of next frame (that is, it does not know each contention channel of adding), then on the numbering by each specified time slot position of each contention channel that has disposed only, this ST is with its bandwidth request randomization.If this is a channel (that is, in a uplink beam the channel of high numbering), then this ST detects a time slot position from 32 time slot positions of this channel.If this ST has received the BCP Cell Broadcast CB of one section pointer to the interim additional contention channel of next frame, then it is just on all time slots of each that disposed and interim contention channel, with a BOD request randomization.

7. each satellite request queue

As mentioned above, satellite has one group of formation that is used for every bandwidth request.Each bar up channel except the contention channel that has disposed, preferably has 4 formations.A Q1 formation is used for every high precedence rate request.The summation of the every Q1 request in formation must not surpass the capacity of channel.Therefore, in this formation, can hold the user of a 512kbps, the user of two 256kbps, or the like.The distribution that these requests are obtained in each frame equals the number of time slot of each frame in rate request.Every request in this formation can not emptied in advance by any other request.

A Q2 formation is used for every low precedence rate request.The summation of every Q1 in formation and Q2 request must not surpass the capacity of channel.The distribution that these requests are obtained in each frame equals the number of time slot of each frame in rate request.Every request in formation Q2 can be emptied in advance by the rate request of a new high precedence, and is undone from this formation, perhaps is abandoned, and perhaps is moved among the Q2 formation of another channel.

A Q3 formation is used for the requests for capacity of every high precedence Packet Service.A request is at N time-gap number.After Q1 and the every request of Q2 are assigned with, use the bandwidth that stays for this channel to handle these requests.If the summation of Q1 and Q2 equals the heap(ed) capacity of this channel, then every request does not enter Q3 and ranks.

A Q4 formation is used for the requests for capacity of every low precedence Packet Service.A request is at N time-gap number.At Q1, after the every request of Q2 and Q3 is assigned with, use the bandwidth that stays for this channel to handle these requests.If the summation of Q1 and Q2 equals the heap(ed) capacity of this channel, then every request does not enter Q4 and ranks.Can make just once processed before Q3 for Q4 disposes a minimum bandwidth every N frame Q4.For example, if Q4 needs 5% minimum bandwidth, then every 20 frames, Q4 is just at first handled once.

8. bandwidth processor controls (BCP) uplink assignment algorithm

BCP16 in satellite 20 proposes the speed and capacity request of selected number of times (for example, every frame once) in each frame.BCP makes allocated bandwidth to 4 frames in future, so that ST40 is carried out descending queuing and space delay.Each ST40 is dispensed on and is the required bandwidth of every request in the formation.Summation for the required bandwidth of rate request in the Q1 of a channel and Q2 formation may equal, but is no more than, at the capacity of a frame of this channel.

The processing of BCP16 to the every requests for capacity in Q3 and Q4 (one of them) is described now.Formation Q3 and Q4 are end to end formations, and in other words, each in the every request in these formations all obtains being assigned with an equal chance of bandwidth.When BCP16 made allocated bandwidth for a request on formation Q3 or Q4 at every turn, BCP just transferred to the request next time in the formation that is used for next time distributing, and the rest may be inferred by analogy for it.If available bandwidth is arranged and do not enter formation Q3, then BCP starts from formation Q3, and processing queue Q4 only, unless for Q4 has disposed a minimum bandwidth, in this case, Q4 is at first processed.BCP attempts all the unallocated parts in the frame (that is, maximum is 32 time slots) are all distributed to next ST in formation Q3 or Q4 (that is, formation Q3 is not used).If the request of ST equals, or greater than, the number of unappropriated time slot in this channel, then this ST is assigned with all unappropriated time slots.If this ST is not assigned with all unappropriated time slots, then the 2nd ST in formation distributes bandwidth, and the rest may be inferred by analogy for it, up to all time slots all be assigned with finish or do not propose more request till.BCP is from being to reduce institute's distributed time slot number the number of ST request of this ST or assigned slot, and when processing procedure is restarted, its pointer moved on on the position of the next ST in the formation.If each time slot of being asked has been used up in the distribution of a ST, then this request is undone from this formation and is abandoned.If this time exceeds the numerical value of the employed distribution timer of ST, then this request just is abandoned.

9. every message of each descending sub-district and BCP Cell Broadcast CB

BCP16 will distribute at all of a uplink beam 22 and bring one or more groupings into and the center sub cell of descending sub-district 24 (it is corresponding to uplink beam 22) is used a kind of Cell Broadcast CB, so that send each time slot allocation (message) to the ST40 in wave beam 22 the insides.Each uplink beam 22 all has the descending sub-district 24 of a correspondence, comprises that 7 sub cell 24a are to 24g.Give one example, a downlink burst pulse equals a time slot of 12 groupings.In some interval, the downlink processing process takies 12 groupings from the formation of a descending sub-district, if do not have 12 groupings in the formation, then take less grouping, sensing center sub cell 24, and to each sub cell transmission Cell Broadcast CB burst among a uplink beam.

The every frame of BCP16 in satellite 20 all sends different message to all ST40 in a uplink beam 22 in a cell broadcast messages.Above-mentioned each ST also is in same descending sub-district 24a, 24b, and 24c, 24d, 24e is among 24f or the 24g.For example, the information in each frame preferably includes: (1) is in response to the rate-allocation or the refuse information of rate request; (2) to affirmation signal via the requests for capacity that each contention channel received; (3) in response to speed and requests for capacity, at every time slot allocation of the frame of the appointment in future; And (4) can be used for the number and the carrier frequency of interim each additional contention channel of the frame of following appointment.Above-mentioned cell broadcast information is loaded among the downlink grouped, among a plurality of groupings of perhaps packing in case of necessity, and sends via a Cell Broadcast CB address, and above-mentioned grouping will be in all ST40 among the descending sub-district and receive.

10.BCP distribute

BCP will be among one or more snippets cell broadcast messages be all packed in all distribution of the ST that obtains among the same downlink wave beam 24 to distribute into.The public part of this message comprises carries out the uplink frame of distributing to it, and is employed other information of all each ST40.The distribution portion of this message preferably has 3 sections, that is, and and each interim contention channel, every rate-allocation, and every capacity allocation.

The rate-allocation section comprises various concrete distribution, preferably has following message: (1) up channel; (2) the time slot original position in this frame (that is, time slot 0-31 one of them); (3) numbering of adjacent time-slots is less than 1; (4) priority level; And (5) time-gap number figure.The capacity allocation section comprises various concrete distribution, preferably has following message: (1) ST source address; (2) up channel; (3) burst original position (that is, time slot 0-31 one of them); (4) numbering of adjacent time-slots subtracts 1; (5) indications show that it is whether to the last distribution of this request; (6) priority level (that is, high or low); And (7) time-gap number figure.

11. broadcast message protocols

BOD requires ST40 and satellite 20 to have a message and event timing device so that keep synchronously.Explanation now is used for the agreement of rate request.At first, ST40 sends a rate request on a contention channel, and starts its response timer.If satellite 20 receives this request, then send one and accept or the refusal response.If ST40 receives an acceptance response, then this speed just is placed among the formation of satellite 20.If ST40 receives a refusal response from satellite 20, then its 750ms of ST startup asks timer again, and when this asks timer to arrive the scheduled time again, sends another rate request.If ST response timer arrives the scheduled time, then this ST sends another rate request immediately, and starts its response timer.

Speed releasing distributorship agreement is described now.ST40 uses the up-to-date distribution that receives for this speed to send a speed and removes assignment messages, and starts its response timer.If satellite 20 receives this message, then send one and remove assignment response (message).If ST40 does not receive a speed and removes assignment messages, then its response timer time arrives, and it uses the up-to-date distribution that receives for this speed to remove assignment messages to another speed of this satellite transmission.This ST also starts its response timer.

Explanation now is used for the agreement of every requests for capacity.ST sends a requests for capacity on a contention channel, and starts its response timer.If satellite 20 receives and admits this request, then it sends a segment acknowledgement signal to ST, perhaps a distribution.If ST40 receives this confirmation signal or distribution, and this distribution is not at whole time slots of being asked, then its distribution timer of ST startup.If ST its response timer time to before do not receive a segment acknowledgement signal or a distribution, then it sends another requests for capacity and starts its distribution timer.ST receives a distribution at its request at every turn, and it is not the last distribution at this request, and then it will restart its distribution timer.If distribute timer time to arrive, and the not more grouping of ST is to be sent, and then ST sends another requests for capacity on a contention channel, and starts its response timer.When ST receives when having more grouping to be sent at the last distribution of a request and it, it uses a time slot in this distribution to go to send an augmentation requests that requires each additional time slot, and starts its distribution timer.

12. uplink frame cutting

BCP16 regards a frame as 32 continuous time slot.As previously mentioned, time-gap number scheme preferably as the front with reference to illustrated being used of Fig. 6-9.Therefore, when being the every rate request of channel allocation, BCP is given in the 1st group of continuous slot that starts from time slot 0 in the frame to the 1st request in formation.Distribute each continuous slot of last time slot that starts from the 1st request to the 2nd rate request in formation, and the rest may be inferred, up to all rate request all be assigned with finish till.BCP carries out the processing procedure that is similar to every requests for capacity.Be given in the frame that is assigned with nearly 32 continuous time slot to the 1st requests for capacity in formation,, then, distribute next group continuous time slot to the 2nd requests for capacity in formation, and the rest may be inferred as time slot available and can usefulness.This has just almost fully eliminated the demand of removing cutting on a frame.When any request was released (that is, remove and distribute), the channel with 4 128K rate-allocation was automatically removed cutting, and when for next frame carries out the branch timing, remaining every rate request was distributed.

13. every allocated bandwidth

Bandwidth control (BC) algorithm is that uplink frame is carried out the distribution once of every frame, and it is about as much as the 2.5 following frames.It handles each root uplink beam according to following order, and the every request in formation is distributed: (1) every rate-allocation; (2) every capacity allocation of high precedence; And every capacity allocation of (3) low precedence.

The capacity allocation that BCP16 waited for is a frame, rather than distributes some frames successively, for example, and 10 frames.In a undue predetermined up link, no matter use how many individual frames successively, its result has only an available unappropriated frame at most in any a period of time.All 10 frames that the 1st request that has received obtains to have distributed in preview.If receive another request in next frame, then in the frame in front, 10 frames to be allocated have been assigned with 9.Therefore, can only provide the 10th frame to the 2nd request, the rest may be inferred by analogy for it.In a fully loaded system, except farthest frame in the preview in future, on the basis of every frame, distribute whatever less than.Therefore, it is favourable having little preview.In every benefit, a little preview is easy to management at interval, and can handle various priority levels preferably.In this system 10, replace an a kind of frame preview of the best, can use a kind of preview of two frames, to be limited in the every distribution on the down link.

BCP16 preferably ranks to every requests for capacity and sends some distribution, provides available at that time time slot to replace to the ST40 that is asking, and allows this ST to ask unallocated part in this request again.Suppose in a undue predetermined up link, to have in the frame preparation at any time and distribute, owing in each request, only have sub-fraction to be assigned with, will not cause the remarkable increase of every request so do not rank in the moment that this request arrives.This will make each contention channel overload (that is, if there is not every augmentation requests), perhaps reduce data bandwidth by replacing data with every augmentation requests.Use a kind of end to end allocative decision to measure each distribution in formation, it will be more efficiently that every requests for capacity is ranked together with some other requests, distribute with about every 400-500ms thus and once satisfy all ST, till all requests all are met.

Another benefit of the present invention is exactly, when because heavy grouping load when making that the number of each contention channel is tending towards reducing, to the fairness of the augmentation requests of the ST that makes every aloha request.In a undue predetermined up link, BCP16 attempts going to fill this up link, and the ST that is at war with is at one time shown fairness.If the request more than a selected number has been arranged in formation, then BCP16 will ignore every augmentation requests.The sender of augmentation requests will wait for, up to distributing timer time to arrive, so that send a new aloha request.

Though above the invention has been described with reference to one of them preferred embodiment, people should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to wherein each details.In the explanation in front, proposed the suggestion of various modifications and replacement, and the professional person will run into other similar situation.The author plans the replacement that all are such and includes within the scope of the present invention as the appending claims defined.

Claims (16)

1. one kind sends the method for time multiplexing date from an ICBM SHF satellite terminal (40) to a satellite (20), and described method comprises following each step:

Provide at least one order to described ICBM SHF satellite terminal (40), provide to described ICBM SHF satellite terminal (40) and to be in a plurality of time slots (106) among each frame (104) at least, be used for transfer of data, and described order is identified in the described numbering of one the 1st each time slot (106) that has distributed in the order according to a kind of time slot rearrangement scheme; And

According to described time slot rearrangement scheme, to be converted to each time slot position of correspondence among each frame (104) in one the 2nd order by described each time slot (106) that described order is discerned, so that among each frame (104), distribute described each time slot (106) that has distributed.

2. a kind of method as claimed in claim 1 also comprises the step of selecting described time slot sequencing schemes, so that will be distributed among different each time slot (106) of each frame (104) from the data of separately ICBM SHF satellite terminal (40).

3. a kind of method as claimed in claim 1 wherein, is carried out described switch process by described ICBM SHF satellite terminal (40).

4. a kind of method as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the described step that provides comprises following each step:

Receive a bandwidth request at described satellite (20) from described ICBM SHF satellite terminal (40);

Processes said request, to determine a kind of distribution of each time slot (106) among each frame (104), above-mentioned time slot is used for described ICBM SHF satellite terminal (40) and sends described data;

Produce described order, according to described time slot rearrangement scheme, in described the 1st order, distribute to described each time slot (106) of described ICBM SHF satellite terminal (40) with expression; And

Send described order to described ICBM SHF satellite terminal (40).

5. the device of a bandwidth on demand in a communication system (10) comprises:

A processor (16) to produce every order, distributes many channels by operation in each terminal (40), described terminal (40) goes to handle described every order by operation, and uses described each channel according to described every distribution;

A receiver (18) is used for receiving every bandwidth request from described terminal (40), and each channel is used in above-mentioned terminal (40) request, comprises audio frequency in order to transmission, and video and data are the terminal traffic of one of them at least; And

A transmitter (18) is used for sending described every order to described terminal (40);

Wherein, described processor (16) with each bar in described each channel be assigned as a contention channel and data channel one of them, described each contention channel allows described each terminal to send described bandwidth request, described each data channel allows described each terminal to send described terminal traffic, and the interior at any given time unsettled bandwidth request amount of described processor basis dynamically changes the distribution of described each channel.

6. the device of a bandwidth on demand as claimed in claim 5 (10) also comprises a plurality of formations that are connected to described processor, wherein said processor (16) writes and reads described individual queue, described every bandwidth request is stored among the described individual queue, and described each channel allocation is each data channel according to the described every bandwidth request that is stored among the described individual queue.

7. the device of a bandwidth on demand as claimed in claim 5 (10), wherein said each channel is all corresponding to each time slot (106) in each frame (104), described processor (16) removes to distribute described each time slot (106) by operation according to described every bandwidth request and a kind of bandwidth allocation algorithm, and correspondingly produce described every order, and described terminal (40) handles described every order by operation, and uses described each time slot (106) in view of the above.

8. the device of a bandwidth on demand as claimed in claim 5 (10), at least one chosen minimal amount is configured to described each contention channel in wherein said many channels.

9. the device of a bandwidth on demand as claimed in claim 5 (10), wherein said processor (16) also produces one group of signal by operation, and via described transmitter (18) one of them sends this group signal to described each terminal (40), chosen those have been assigned to above-mentioned terminal in described each channel, it is processed that expression discharges request from one of a described terminal (40) in order to the channel that discharges described selected channel allocation, a described terminal (40) has a timer, and before sending another described bandwidth request, can wait for by programming, till described timer time arrives.

10. the device of a bandwidth on demand as claimed in claim 5 (10), a wherein said terminal (40) sends a described bandwidth request via a described contention channel, and after receiving every channel request, in response to a described bandwidth request, as in-band message, send other every bandwidth request via each data channel that has distributed.

11. the communication system of a bandwidth on demand (10), wherein, be designated as every bandwidth request corresponding to each time slot (106) in each frame (104) together with some described channel, at least comprise every rate request, described every rate request is at the request of described each time slot (106) of a chosen number in described each frame (104), described each rate request be characterized as being high and low precedence one of them, and wherein said communication system (10) comprises each terminal (40), the latter sends described every bandwidth request by operation, one is used to provide the processing unit (16) of every channel allocation to comprise one the 1st formation and one the 2nd formation, described processing unit stores described high precedence rate request among described the 1st formation, and each the high precedence rate request among being stored in described the 1st formation is distributed in the time slot (106) of a selected number in described each frame (104), and described low precedence rate request is stored among described the 2nd formation, and each the low precedence rate request among being stored in described the 2nd formation is distributed in the time slot (106) of a selected number in described each frame (104), the summation of the number of described each time slot in described each frame (104) that the described every rate request in being stored in the described the 1st and the 2nd formation is distributed is no more than a sum of each time slot (106) in described each frame (104), by described each time slot (106) being assigned to the described every rate request that is stored among described the 1st formation (at least one frame (104)), described each time slot (106) is assigned to the described every rate request that is stored among described the 2nd formation (this formation is emptied at least one frame (104) in advance).

A 12. processing unit as claimed in claim 11 (16), wherein said every bandwidth request also comprises every requests for capacity, described every requests for capacity is corresponding to a request at the described time slot (106) of a selected number, so that send the terminal traffic of a selected quantity, described terminal traffic comprises data, Voice ﹠ Video one of them, described each rate request be characterized as being high and low precedence one of them, and wherein said processing unit (16) also comprises

One the 3rd formation and one the 4th formation, described processing unit stores described high precedence requests for capacity among described the 3rd formation, and described low precedence requests for capacity stored among described the 4th formation, by described each time slot (106) being assigned at least one the described rate request that is stored among described the 1st formation, and be stored in described every rate request among described the 2nd formation, make described every requests for capacity at least one frame that is cleared.

A 13. processing unit as claimed in claim 12 (16), wherein, by with described each time slot allocation at least one the described rate request that is stored among described the 1st formation, be stored in the described every rate request among described the 2nd formation, and be stored in the described every requests for capacity among described the 3rd formation.

A 14. processing unit as claimed in claim 12 (16), wherein, described processing unit is by programming, on a kind of end to end basis, will described each time slot (106) in described each frame (104) be assigned to and be stored in described the 3rd formation and be stored in described every requests for capacity among described the 4th formation, make described every requests for capacity that an impartial basically chance that is assigned with bandwidth all be arranged.

A 15. processing unit as claimed in claim 12 (16), wherein, described processing unit is assigned to described each time slot (106) by operation and is stored among described the 3rd formation and as much as possible described every requests for capacity among described the 4th formation, in order to replace to asking the described terminal (40) of described bandwidth that available at that time whole described each channel is provided, and continue with described every requests for capacity be stored in described the 3rd formation and described the 4th formation one of them, up to described every bandwidth request all be assigned with finish till.

16. in the communication system (10) of a bandwidth on demand, be used to send a kind of method of each channel, wherein, each channel is corresponding to each time slot (106) in each frame (104), and this system comprises a plurality of uplink cells (22), and each terminal (40) uses at least one described channel to send each signal in above-mentioned each sub-district.Described method comprises following each step:

Control the use of the described channel of each bar by described each terminal, described each terminal sends every bandwidth request by operation, comprise data in order to transmission, audio frequency, one of them terminal traffic of video, each bar in described many channels be used as a contention channel and data channel one of them, described contention channel allows described each terminal to send described every bandwidth request, described each data channel allows described each terminal to send described terminal traffic, distribute described each channel according to described every bandwidth request, and in one of described each frame follow-up frame, send to described each terminal, described each terminal removes to adjust the power that is used to send described every bandwidth request by operation, and described terminal traffic is used a kind of initial power state; And

Send described each adjacent contention channel, and to implementing to isolate as described each uplink cells (22) of shared frequency channel, to reduce the interference of described each contention channel to described each data channel.

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