MXPA00008316A - Product and method to reduce stress induced immune suppression - Google Patents

Abstract

In its broadest aspect, the present invention is directed to the discovery of immunonutritional products that are useful in reducing the immunological system suppression that results from stress. The stress may be in the form of physical exertion, mental exhaustion, disease states and the like. In one embodiment, the invention relates to a nutritional composition comprising a structured glyceride component and an antioxidant system. This nutritional composition has been shown to be highly effective in reducing immune system down regulation or dysregulation as a result of stress.

Description

PRODUCT AND ETHOD TO REDUCE IMMUNE SUPPRESSION INDUCED BY STRESS TECHNICAL FIELD This invention relates to a method for reducing stress induced suppression of the immune system of an animal. The method comprises administering an animal, before, during and / or subsequent to the stress event, a nutptional product comprising a structured glyceride component. and an antioxidant system. This invention also relates to a nut product that comprises an antioxidant system and a structured protein component.

BACKGROUND Stress is a physical, chemical or emotional factor that causes body or mental tension and can be a factor in the cause of diseases The notion that excess stress can alter host defenses and increase the susceptibility of diseases, is not new Pedersen et al. publication, provides a review of work conducted in the area of stress and disease See, Pedersen et al., "The immune system during exposure to extreme physical conditions", inter J Sports Med 1994 155116-5121 In recent years, rapid advances in the field of immunology have generated great interest in the interaction between stress induced by psychosocial, nutpcionales and physical factors and the immune system. A main aspect of this work is that stress can improve vulnerability to diseases exerting a suppressive immune effect This may especially be true in diseases ultimately related to immunological mechanisms such as infection, malignant and autoimmune disease. Studies demonstrating immune alterations in stress in humans encompass a number of models, where many types of experimental stress and natural existence have been associated with the alteration of the components of the immune system Apart from the previous work was done by United States National Aeronautic Space Administration (Administration of National Aeronautics Space of the United States) The studies of the NASA showed that the white globules and the T lymphocytes were elevated during the drift phase of space flight However, there was a damage in the lymphoproliferative response to mitogenic stimulation during the first three years after return to earth A slight reduction in the lymphocyte stimulation response was also observed before takeoff, possibly due to anticipation A good review of stress and immune function can be found in "Stress, Immunity and Illness-A Review," written by Donan and Garfinkel, Psychological Medicine, 17393-407 (1987) Physical activity and exercise are also known to produce a variety of alterations in the immune system The effects of vigorous exercise appear to suppress immune function and may compromise host defenses against upper respiratory tract infections Epidemiological studies Generally, they have shown a higher risk of upper respiratory tract infections with vigorous levels of exercise. See, Health and others, "Exercise and Upper Respiratory Tract Infections," Sports Medicine, 14 (6) 353-365 (1992) As humans grow, they experience a reduction in most cell-mediated and humoral immune responses Older people are usually stressed from vain infections, afflictions , cancer and deficiencies nutpcionales Older people are also usually stressed by environmental factors such as inadequate housing and mental deficiencies Supplementing with modest physiological amounts of micronutpentes has been shown to reduce the nutritional deficiencies and improve the various measures of immunity and reduction of the frequency of disease related to infection in subjects older than 96 years (average age 75) See, Chandra RK "Effect of Nutpents and Trace Element Supplementation on Immune Responses and Infection m Eiderly Subjects", Lancet 1992, Vol 340, p. 1124- 1127 The factors of age, exercise, poor diet and stress have also been investigated by Hoffman-Goetz, L, and others, "Exercise and Immune Function", CRC Press, Boca Raton (1996) The infection is characterized by a loss of 11 puffs, proteins and micronutrients in the tissue. This is partially the result of the cytokine-mediated response designed to support the activities of the immune system and protect the Gpmble host in "Malnutption and the Immune Response", Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (1994) 88, 615-619, reports the influence of protein and amino acid consumption on atocin biology The author also discusses the modulation of cytokine biology through consumption of fats and micronutpentes The leukocytes of the blood represent only a small portion of the total number of leukocytes in the body, even more they provide an important representation of the state of activation of the immune system. It is known that acute stress induces great changes, fast and irreversible in the distribution of leukocyte subpopulations in the peripheral blood Leukocytes and other subpopulations ions of nfocytes were examined by the inventors of this patent application to determine if the nutptional supplement can alter the response of the immune system to stress The data reported below support the conclusion that the composition of the invention is useful for preventing or reducing the Stress-induced suppression of the immune system Evidence for convenience has been accumulated to show that certain nutrients, particularly vitamins C and E, ß- Carotene and calcium, are useful in the prevention and management of coronary heart disease, hypertension, certain cancers and osteoporosis. In addition, vitamins C, E and ß-carotene (antioxidant nutrients) seem to offer protection against free radical damage mediated by exercise. This way, it has been suggested that an antioxidant nutrient regimen should become an integral part of any exercise program aimed at the prevention / management of chronic disease and health promotion. An excellent discussion of antioxidants and physical functioning can be found in (1) "Antioxidants in Infection" by Keuchs, J Nutr Sci Vitaminol, S23-S33 (1993), (2) Aruoma, "Free Radicals and Antioxidant Strategies in Sports", J Nutr Biochem, 1994, vol 5, p 370-380, and (3) Clarkson, "Antioxidants and Physical Performance", Cptical Reviews of Food Science and Nutption, 35 (1 &2) 131-145 (1995) A good example of physical and mental stress can be found in exercise s of military training used by modern navies around the world Military trainers experience an increased incidence of infectious diseases compared to human populations that are stressed by natural disasters, state of refuge during war and the like A document by Bernton and others , "Adaptation to Chronic Stress in Military Tramees, Ann NY Acad Sci, Vol. 774 (217-231), 1995, reports the findings of studies investigating metabolic, cognitive, endocpnological and immunological adaptation in soldiers enrolled at US Army Ranger School for 8 years. weeks extremely stressful training Stress was both physical and emotional During field training, soldiers were provided only with field rations The ration provided fewer calories than those spent during field exercise Since the ration provided fewer calories than those spent during the exercise, the soldier was always hungry and there was a progressive loss of weight during the exercise. The suppression of the immune system through delayed-type hypersensitivity was evaluated by the epicutaneous skin test in 7 antigens. An important suppression was observed in both The average number of positive skin tests and total millimeters of skin test induration In addition, it was found in hospitalized patients that the anergy analyzed through delayed skin hypersensitivity indicates an increased risk of infection and mortality. See, Chpstou NV, and others, "Two techniques of measurement of the delayed hypersensitivity skin test response for the assessment of bacterial host resistance" World J Surg, 1985, 5 798-806 and Chpstou NV, and others, "The delayed hypersensitivity response and host resistance m surgical patients 20 years later "Ann Surg 1995,222 534-461 These documents make no difference to any nut product that could successfully protect a stressed immune system from degradation US Patent No. 4,981,844 to Alexander et al. describes a method to improve the immune response in patients, which comprises the ingestion of a diet that provides 20-60 kilocalories of the patient's body weight, and where 20-80% of the calories are derived from linoleic acid. The Alexander and others patent also teaches the consumption of 100-1000 IU per day of vitamin E US patent 5,556,644 to Chandra describes a multi-nutrient nutritional supplement designed to be effective in increasing immunity and reducing cases and severity of infection among the elderly This patent specifically teaches the consumption of a nutritional supplement that has established levels of vain vitamins and minerals The patent teaches more specifically the consumption of the nutptional supplement by elderly people to improve their immune status U.S. Patent No. 5,444,054 to Garleb et al. Describes a nut product for patients presenting with ulcerative colitis or inflammation of the colon. The nut product uses a mixture of oil containing specific fatty acids and a source of digestible carbohydrate. The ingetable carbohydrate is described as being metabolized to short chain fatty acids by microorganism present in the human colon. US Patent No. 5,223,285 to DeMichele et al., describes a liquid nut product containing a lipid mixture specific for lung patients. This patent discloses that the 11 must have a Particular relationship of n-6 to n-3 fatty acids In addition, this reference describes a product nutptional containing amounts of nutrients having antioxidant properties m vivo Examples of such antioxidant nutrients include β-carotene, vitamin E, vitamin C, selenium and taurine US Patent No. 4,871,768 to Bistpan et al., discloses a dietary supplement containing a structured glyceride comprising n-3 fatty acids and medium chain fatty acids This patent describes synthetic tpglicépdos or structured lipids that provide a source of high-energy fat and fatty acids that helps fight infection This patent also describes a method to minimize the effects of infection and minimize the effects of subsequent infection by administering a diet containing 10-80% by weight of an oil fraction comprising glycerol, fatty acids, and combinations thereof, wherein 50-90% of the fatty acids are cappolic acid, Cáppco acid or mixtures thereof, and 10-50% by weight are of n-3 acid Fatty This reference teaches that the dietary supplement will not prevent the onset of infections, however, it will promote the survival of infected patients. This patent fails to suggest that the down regulation of the immune system induced by stress can be mitigated by a nutptional composition comprising, (1) a structured glycepto, and (2) an antioxidant system comprising at least vitamin E, vitamin C, selenium and ß-carotene WO 96/31457 (PCT GB 96/00828) of Horrobm et al., Describes lipids structured with 2 or three different fatty acids selected from 12 essential fatty acids, oleic acid and other fatty acids containing 8-26 carbon atoms The structured lipids of Mendy and others are suggested as pharmaceuticals for the treatment or prevention of diseases where abnormalities of essential fatty acid metabolism have been identified US Pat. No. 4,607,052 to Mendy, discloses tglicpepdos, wherein specific polynunsaturated acyl fragments are present in the sn-2 position of the ghcerol molecule Structured Lipids of Mendy, and others are describe as being useful for the treatment of lipid digestion problems, metabolic diseases, nutptional deficiencies, hypertension, and in conditions where immune modulation is desired. There is no teaching or suggestion in the Mendy and others patent that a structured glyceride, when combined with an antioxidant system specific, can be effective in reducing the immunosuppression typically seen in an animal under stress WO 96/39869 to Schmitz et al., Discloses a healthy food product having several ingredients in discrete portions of a solid food product. One portion is taught to contain antioxidants, while the second portion contains fat, protein and carbohydrates. suggest or describe a nutptional composition that comprises a structured glycemic component and a unique antioxidant system that is effective in reducing or minimizing the bad regulation or suppression of the stress-induced system The inventive nut compositional composition will sometimes be referred to herein as an immunonutptional The prior art also fails to suggest or describe a method to reduce or prevent suppression of the immune system induced by stress, wherein the method comprises the administration of a nutptional product comprising a structured glyceride component and an antioxidant system, to an individual BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS To inform those skilled in the art with the principles of the invention, a currently preferred embodiment illustrative of the invention is presented below with reference to the accompanying drawings forming part of the specification, and in which Figure 1 is a diagram of npmocyte proliferation resulting from the data collected in Example 1 Figure 2 is a graphic representation of upper respiratory tract infection of soldiers consuming the control beverage or the processing product of the data collected in Example II Figure 3 is a graphic representation of the changes in lymphocyte proliferation from the baseline to the end d the study of soldiers who consume the control drink or drink according to the invention as set forth in Example II Figure 4 is a graphic representation of changes in body weight of the soldiers participating in Ranger training, who consumed either a control rod or a bar according to the invention as described in Example 4 Figure 5 is a graphical representation of the change in the number of T-infants of soldiers consuming either the control rod or a bar according to the invention as described in Example 4. Figure 6 is a graphic representation of the change in the number of T (CD4 *) hnfocytes of soldiers consuming either the control bar or a bar according to the invention as described in Example 4; Figure 7 is a graphic representation of the change in the number of TH1 lymphocytes of soldiers consuming either the control rod or a bar according to the invention as described in Example 4 Methodology of the Studies and Representatives in the Drawings In the figures that are part of this specification, the Figures 1 and 3 show proliferation of nfocito of soldiers who consume control products or antioxidants Blood was drawn (in hepapna of sodium vacuta? Ner®-Becton Dickinson Co, Rutherfored, NJ) to the baseline and at the end of the study Blood samples were obtained on the same day (0500) after the subjects were fasting, except for water, for 8 hours Total blood cell counts were performed using the Coulter JT Blood Analyzer apparatus to determine white blood cell counts Whole blood cultures were incubated in triplicate (5% CO 2, 95% air moistened at 37 ° C) with a mitogen at the maximum optimal mitogenic prophylactic sensitivity of lymphocytes of blood for 72 hours (as described by Kramer et al., 1990, Bocchiep, et al., 1989). Mytogens included phytohemagglutinin for Figure 1 (8 mg / ml, PHA-Sigma Chemical Co., St Louis, MO) in the cell culture medium-RPMI 1640 complete and concanavalin A for Figure 3 (10 mg / ml ConA-Pharmacia, Silver Spring, MD) in the cell culture medium-PMI 1640 complete. The cultures were pulsed with 1 mC? 3H-t? The cells were harvested and the thymidine labeling was detected in a beta liquid scintillation counter (Beckman LS 3801). The dpm per culture was then divided between the cell number of nfocito of whole blood to obtain a dpm per cell Each individual baseline measurement was compared with the measurement at the end of the study References Bocchiep MH, Talle MA, Maltese LM, Ragucci R, Hwang CC, Goldstein GAD Whole blood culture to measure mitogen-induced T cell proliferation provides superior correlations with disease status and T cell phenotype in asymptomatic HIV infected subjects J Immunol Methods, 1995 181 233-43 Kramer TR Praputpittaya K, Yuttabootr Y, Singkamam R, and Trakultivakm M Relationship between plasma zinc and cellular immunity to candida albicans in young women from northern Thailand Ann NY Acad Sci 587 300, 1990 Figure 2 depicts upper respiratory tract infections of soldiers who consume the products control and experimental ones containing a similar amount of energy and macronutpentes, but differ in lipid composition (the treatment contained structured lipid) and concentration of micronutpente (including antioxidant system) The determination was diagnosed by a military doctor Figure 4 shows the change in the body weight that was measured in each sample was blood The soldiers were measured without their boots using a scale powered by a digital calibrated electronic battery, accurate to 0 1 kg. Figures 5-7 show changes in the number of soldiers' hnfocytes consuming the control or treatment product.

Example 3 Blood was removed as described above in sodium hepapta vacutamer® (Becton Dickinson Co, Rutherford, NJ) at four time points Blood samples were obtained venous from all subjects on the same day and at the same time (between 10 p and 1 am) In addition, blood samples were processed exactly the same at each time point. Total blood cell counts and differentials were made using an Abbot Laboratories Cell device. Dyn® (North Chicago, IL) Figures 5 and 6 represent changes (visit 2 of the baseline, visit 3 of the baseline and visit 4 of the baseline) in the subgroup of T cells as analyzed through of conventional flow cytometry or flow microfluorometry methods In summary, whole blood samples were extracted and treated with a red blood cell lysine solution. The remaining cells were washed to remove cell debris and incubated with monoclonal antibodies (i.e. , anti-CD3 and anti-CD4 antibodies) labeled with fluorochromes Once the fluorochrome-labeled antibodies were bound to specific cell populations, it was washed The cells labeled and unlabeled were then injected into the flow cytometer and individually illuminated by a laser. The cell numbers were calculated using the percentage of lymphocytes and specific subsets of hnfocytes, as well as total white blood cell counts. This technology allowed rapid and accurate evaluation of the multiple properties of a single cell or cell populations At least 10,000 cells were analyzed in a FACScan and Attractors software (Becton Dickinson, San José, CA) In Figure 7, the nuclides were processed and then stimulated for 4 hours with PMA and lonomycin. The cells were permeabolized and then exposed to antibodies directed towards atocins produced by the Th1 or Th2 hnfoates. Changes in the number of these specific CD4 + nphoates were determined through flow cytometry as described above. A t-test of two samples was used to compare the groups. The residual products obtained from the fixation of the model were examined with the Shapiro-Wilk test to analyze if the residual products were normally distributed. Any of the parameters for which there is evidence that the residual products were not normally distributed (p <0 5) in one or more points of time, they were analyzed with nonparametric methods. This consisted of evaluating the data and then analyzing the values with the t-test of two samples, essentially the Wilcoxon Rank Sum test The average changes are presented with SEM, * p < 0 05 and fp < 0 10, difference between control and treatment COMPENDIUM OF THE INVENTION In accordance with the present invention, it has been found that suppression of the immune system, which is typically associated with stress, can be prevented or reduced through the ingestion of antioxidants together with a structured glyceride component. Individuals suffering from stress have found to have fewer nfoatos Sensitive than a comparable individual who is not under stress It has been shown that the combination of a structured glyceride component and antioxidants prevents, or significantly reduces, this reduction in nfocyte sensitivity Furthermore, it has been demonstrated in clinical studies that stressed individuals consume a structured glyceride component together with antioxidants have lower infection regimens, than a comparable control group that does not ingest this combination. An additional aspect of this invention is directed to pharmaceutical and nutpaonal compositions containing a structured glyceride component in combination with antioxidant. Another aspect of the invention is directed to a method for treating suppression of the immune system induced by stress with one of the compositions described above. Other aspects and embodiments of the invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. The antioxidants that produce this beneficial effect on the immune system are vitamin E, selenium, vitamin C and β-carotene. The specific amount of each antioxidant that must be ingested with the individual with the purpose of preventing, or reducing, immune suppression related to stress can vary widely depending on the age of the individual, their weight, sex, or the presence of other underlying disease states. However, Table I presented below list guide lines for the amount of each oxidant that can be administered per dose, to the stressed individual. The amounts listed below are merely presented for the purpose of further illustrating and exemplifying the invention. They should not be construed as limiting the invention in any way. In addition, they are presented in tabular form to assist the reader, and this description should be considered as encompassing a combination wherein one antioxidant is present at the suggested minimum level, while another is present at the highly preferred level, or any combination thereof.

Dosage Guide Lines for Antioxidants The second component of the compositions or methods of this invention is the structured glyceride component. The structured protein component used in this invention is typically triglyceride. A structured glycopeptide component useful in this invention comprises from 33 to 70% by weight of the aaloid portions of the invention. average chain length (ie, from 4 to 12 carbon atoms) Most preferably, the average chains of aalo they comprise from 45 to 70% by weight, and most preferably from 50 to 65% by weight. At all percentages by weight, the length of the average chains of aalo is preferably from 4 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably from 6 to 12. , and most preferably from 8 to 10 carbon atoms The remaining 30 to 67% by weight of the structured tpglypephed is typically a long chain aaloal portion (13-22 carbon atoms). Most preferably, the long acyl chains comprise from 30 to 55% by weight, most preferably from 35 to 50% by weight, preferably, said long chain acyl portion at all percentages by weight comprises a long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid residue. The structured glyceride component is preferably characterized by comprising at least 40% (W / W) of a species with equivalent carbon number (ECN) greater than 30 to less than 48, most preferably, an equivalent carbon number of from about 32 to about 42 The amount of carbon The structured glyceride component that should be administered can also vary widely depending on the age of the individual, their weight, sex, or the presence of other underlying disease conditions. However, as a general guideline, an individual will typically be administered per dose at least 1 gram of a structured glyceride component, preferably 1-100 grams and most preferably 10-50 grams of the structured glycepto component In order to produce the beneficial effects of a stressed individual's immune system, the combination of a structured protein component and antioxidants must be administered at least once a day, and most preferably twice a day. This combination has been shown to be highly effective in reducing or preventing bad regulation of the immune system as a result of stress The term "bad regulation" means that the immune system is functioning in a way that is less effective than that found in the typical or normal state. animal of your immune system is more susceptible to disease and less able to fight infections DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, selected antioxidants are used together with a structured glyceride component. By "together with" it is meant that the antioxidant compounds are administered to said individual within 1 hour of administration of the structured glycepto component. Most preferably, the antioxidants are administered at the same time as the structured glycemic component, preferably mixed in the same composition, such as enteric nutpaonales, nutpaonales supplements, tablets, pills, capsules, suppositories, sprays, troches, drops, lotions, ointments, microcapsules and liposomes The term "edible oil" represents any oil derived from plant, animal, single-cell and similar organisms, which can be eaten by a mammal and used as a source of nutrition. The term "lipid" denotes a heterogeneous group of substances associated with living systems that have the common property of being insoluble in water and soluble in non-polar solvents, such as hydrocarbons and alcohols The term "structured lipid" generally refers to an oil or fat containing specific fatty acyl residues at a specific position in The base structure of the glycerol As used in this invention, a "structured glycepto component" refers to a glyceride mixture characterized in that it contains mono, di and t pg I atoms, more typically, di and t glycipépdos, ideally a further percentage. high tpglicéridos At least 40% of the species of tpglicépdo has about 33-70% by weight of porcio The glyceride is a glycerol ester having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms, about 30-67% by weight of acyl portions having more than 12 carbon atoms and an equivalent carbon number greater than 30 to less than 48. 1, 2,3-propanotpol) with aalo fatty acid radicals and is also known as a ghcerol If only one position of the glycerol molecule is labeled with a fatty acid, a "monoglyceride" is produced, if two positions are estepfican , a "dighcépdo" is produced, and if the three positions of the glycerol are esterified with fatty acid, it is produced a "tpglicépdo" or "tpacilghcerol" A ghcepdo is called "simple" if all the positions estepficadas contain the same fatty acid, or "mixed" if they involve different fatty acids The carbons of the glycerol base structure are designated as sn- 1, sn-2 and sn-3, with sn-2 being in the middle and sn-1 and sn-3 being the ends of the glycerol The oils and fats of natural existence consist enormously of tpglicépdos, where the three residues of aalo may or may not be identical The term "long-chain tglicpepdos (LCT)" represents both a simple and mixed vector, containing fatty acids with more than 12 carbon atoms (long-chain fatty acids, "LCFA"), while that the term "medium chain tglicpepdos (MCT)" represents both a simple and mixed tpglicépdo containing fatty acids with 4 to 12 carbon atoms. The term "ECN" or "carbon equivalent number" represents the sum of the number of carbon atoms. carbon or in the aalo chains of a glycepto molecule For example, tppalmitina (tppalmítico glycerol), which is a simple tpglicépdo containing 3 radicals aalo of 16 carbon atoms, has an equivalent carbon number of 3 x 16 = 48 Inverse , a tpglicépdo with a carbon equivalent number equal to 40 can have "mixed" acyl chain of 8, 16 and 16, 10, 14 and 16, 8, 14 and 18, etc. Naturally occurring oils are often "mixed" with regarding specific fatty acids, but do not tend to contain LCFAs and MCFAs in the Same base structure of ghcerol Thus, tpacilghceroles with an equivalent carbon number of 24-30 typically contain predominantly medium chain fatty acids, while tpacylglycerols with an equivalent carbon number greater than 43 typically contain predominantly fatty acids from long chain Hundred tpg having an equivalent carbon number of 32-42 typically contain one or two MCFA in combination with one or two LCFA to "fill" the lipep tpg The tpaalglycerols with a carbon number equivalent in the scale of more than 30 to less than 48, typically represent mixed tpacilghcerol species that are essentially unique to structured structured trig and are absent from or present in significantly lower concentrations in physical mixtures. The terms "% / p" or "percentage by weight" represent the ratio of the mass of the specified component to the mass of the specified ingredient or all the a composition multiplied by 100 For example "a tpglicépdo comprising 40% by weight of aaloal portions of 10 carbon atoms" means that 100 grams of the tpglicépdo oil consist of 40 grams of acyl radicals of 20 carbon atoms and 60 grams of other components, including other aalo radicals and the base structure of g cerol Many of the properties of food lipids can be represented directly in terms of their fatty acid components Fatty acids that occur in products Foods usually contain an even number of carbon atoms in an unbranched chain, for example, laupco or decanoic acid. In addition to saturated fatty acids, of which lactic acid is an example, fatty acids may have 1, 2 or some sometimes up to 6 double bonds and, therefore, are unsaturated The number and position of double bonds in fatty acids are designated by a naming convention typically understood by the organic chemist. For example, an arachidonic acid ("AA" or "ARA ") has a chain length of 20 carbons and four double bonds starting at the sixth carbon from the methyl end. As a result, it is referred to as" 204 n-6"Similarly, docosahexaenoic acid (" DHA ") has a length of 22 carbon chain with 6 double bonds starting with the third carbon from the methyl end and in this way is designated as "22-6 n-3" The term "NAS-NRC RDA" represents National Academy of Scienc es-Nutption Research Council Recommended Dietary Allowances For the purposes of the description contained within this document, the term "antioxidant" refers to the following four substances: vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium and ß-carotene The term "β-carotene" represents the carotenoid precursor of vitamin A found in plants. Since there are several compounds that have vitamin A activity, the sources are usually expressed as retinol equivalents (RE). conversion for ß-carotene is 1 RE equal to 6 μg of all-trans β-carotene Therefore, 15 mg of β-carotene equals 2500 RE Data on the carotenoid content of food are incomplete, so that it is not possible to establish precisely what percentage of vitamin A activity in the diet is contributed by carotenoids Using available food composition data, the United States Department of Agriculture found that the average daily vitamin A consumption of adult men can be 1419 RE The NAS-NRC RDA for adult men has been established at 1000 RE per day Usually, signs of vitamin A toxicity appear only with sustained daily intakes, including both foods and supplements, exceeding 15,000 RE In contrast to retinol, the carotenoids, even when they are ingested in very large quantities for weeks to years, they are not known to be toxic. The main reasons for their lack of toxicity are an effici markedly reduced absorption at high doses, and a relatively limited conversion to vitamin A in the intestine, liver and other organs ß-carotene is a source of vitamin A, however, it is not toxic, as vitamin A when given at very high doses ß-carotene is found in yellow, orange and dark green leafy vegetables, and appears to be a unique antioxidant The term "vitamin E" represents a group of tocopherols that have the designations a-, ß-, d- and?, which differ only in the number and position of methyl groups on the ring The most Active vitamin E, α-tocopherol, is also the most widely distributed by nature When it was first synthesized α-tocopherol, it was found that the synthetic material has a slightly lower biological activity than the α-tocopherol from plants phenomenon, the natural form of existence has been designated RRR-a-tocopherol For dietary purposes, the activity of vitamin E is expressed as RRR-a-tocopherol equivalents (-TEs) An a-TE is the activity of 1 mg of RRR -a-tocopherol One mg of RRR-a-tocopherol is equivalent to 1 49 IU of vitamin E The NAS-NRC RDA has been established at 10 mg of TE per day for adult men The analyzes of balanced diets indicate that the average daily consumption of a-TE vary from 7 to 11 mg Adults tolerate oral doses of 100 to 800 mg / day without symptoms or biochemical evidence of toxicity The term "vitamin C" represents ascorbic acid Consumption of ascorbic acid for adult men with an age of 20 and 29 years was found at an average of 121 mg per day (US Dept of Health and Human Services, 1994) NAS-NRC RDA for ascorbic acid has been set at 60 mg for adult men Many people usually ingest 1000 mg per day of Ascorbic acid without developing apparent toxic manifestations The term "selenium" represents any chemical compound that provides selenium biologically available. The analysis of food consumption in the United States indicates that the total consumption of average dietary selenium in adults was 108 μg per day of between 1974 and 1982 The NAS-NRC RDA for selenium has been established at 70 μg per day for adult men The exposure level of dietary selenium necessary to cause chronic poisoning in humans is not known with certainty However, approximately 5 mg per day of food resulted in nail changes and hair loss in the selenific area of China Any reference in this application to an amount of selenium, or any other mineral, including copper, should be understood to refer to the elemental amount of mineral and not to any associated anion. One skilled in the art can easily calculate how much mineral salt (salt or mineral complex must be added to the nutptional or pharmaceutical product in order to supply the desired amount in the elemental mineral. The "ohgoscaped ingepble" refers to a carbohydrate that is resistant to endogenous digestion in the upper human digestive tract FOS are non-digestible oligosacchar e are members of the subclass of fructosans, inulma, polymers composed of fructose residues. Specifically, the inuhnas are glucofructosans, carbohydrate polymers consisting of a chain of fructose residues linked by (2? 1) ß-gl? cosid? cos and usually having an individual D-glycosyl residue linked (2- > 1) a to the first molecule of fructose FOS can be produced enzymatically through chemical techniques or through extraction of natural substances FOS exists in nature in many types of plants including onions, garlic, shallots, artichokes, wheat, rye, bananas, asparagus and tomatoes that are commonly part of the human diet. An enzymatic method to produce FOS industically is taught in US Patent No. 4,681,771. Adachi et al., Which comprises reacting sucrose in the presence of a fructosyltransferase to obtain GF2, GF3, GF4 and GF5. The source for the enzyme fructosyltransferase must be a fungus such as Aspergillus or a vegetable. The term "FOS" means fructoohgosacápdos, FOS are Natural substances composed mainly of fructose molecules They belong to a group of carbohydrates that exist in many different plants The FOS are intact ohgosacapdos that pass through the small intestine without being digested, reach the large intestine where they are selectively fermented by certain microorganisms The FOS can be used efficiently by lactobaalos and bifidobacteria, a species of bacteria that are beneficial for human health The selective fermentation of FOS through bifidobactepas leads to an increase in the presence of these bacteria and the production of acetic acid and lactic acid, resulting in a lower pH in the tract Digestive and providing a means to prevent the overgrowth of dangerous bacteria such as E col i, Clostpdium perfpnges and Clostpdium diffiale Oxygen tachygens such as FOS can be added to the immunonutpcionales according to the invention to create an environment in the tract Gastrointestinal That Does Not Lead to the Growth of Microbial Pathogens and Improves the Immune Supportive Properties of the Immunonutives of the Invention Animal toxicity studies have not shown any evidence of toxicity, mutagenicity or caranogenic effects due to MOS and FOS and a therapeutically effective amount of FOS or oligosaccharide ingetable in the present invention may vary from 10 to about 10 grams per day. Most preferably, the amount of FOS consumed is from about 5 to 10 grams per day, with a highly preferred level of about 80 to 10 grams. per day The presence of ingetable oligosaccharides or FOS is optional in the immunonutptionals of the present invention. As used in this application, it is understood that dietary fiber is all food components that are not broken by enzymes in the human digestive tract to produce small molecular compounds, and, therefore, are not absorbed Examples of dietary fibers that can be used in addition to FOS include soybean porridge, oat hull fiber, gum arabic, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, guar gum, pectin, corn bran, etc. Most preferably, any dietary fiber used in the compositions will be a mixture of insoluble, soluble fermentable fibers, and soluble non-fermentable fibers as described in U.S. Patent No. 5,104,677. The description of the '677 patent is incorporated herein by reference.

Any of the nutptional or pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention may opaquely contain dietary fibers The antioxidants used in the nutritional and pharmaceutical compositions of this invention are all well known in the art. They are commonly available from numerous sources well known to those skilled in the art. In addition to antioxidants, all of the nutpanel and pharmaceutical compositions of this invention contain an antioxidant component. Structured ghice, of at least 33 wt% MCFA randomly stapled The rest of the fatty acid moieties are typically LCFA The source of MCT and LCT used to prepare the structured glyceride component is not critical Critical sources of MCT such as fractionated coconut oil and fractionated Kernel palm oils are known to those skilled in the art Sources of LCFA include oils derived from borage, cassis seed, corn, coconut, cañola, soybean oils , marine, fungal oils, safflower, highly oleic safflower, sunflower, highly oleic sunflower, olive, ass grass, cottonseed, rice bran, grape seed, linseed, milk fat, garlic, peanuts, almonds , nuts, wheat germ, egg, sesame, butter, bait and mutton In a highly preferred embodiment, the structured glyceride component of the invention also contains a long chain polynunsaturated fatty acid (hereinafter "LCPUFA"), such as n-6, n-9 and / or n-3 acids long chain fatty acids Sources Known LCPUFAs include fish or marine oil, yolk lipid, individual cell oils (e.g., algal oils and fungal oils), it being understood in the art that some sources are better than others to achieve higher amounts of a specific LCPUFA Other edible, semi-purified or purified sources of LCPUFA will be apparent to those skilled in the art. For example, new sources of LCPUFAs can be developed through the genetic manipulation of oil-bearing plants and vegetables. The use of said recombinant oils is also contemplated in The present invention The structured glycerides useful in the present invention contain both MCFA and LCFA Structured t-glycerides useful in this invention are chemically distinct and offer unique advantages from the materials of starting materials from which they are derived. An aspect of the present invention resides in the discovery It is noted that structured polymers containing a certain mixture of MCFA and LCFA undergo rapid hydrolysis and absorption in comparison with LCT., the structured glycoproteins of this invention are mainly absorbed and transported through the lymphatic system opposite to the liver route. In native oils and fats, the various fatty acids are esterified through one of the three hydroxy groups of the glycerol molecule in a ordered pattern that is characteristic of the particular fat or oil In general, the saturated fatty acids, long chain, naturally occurring (eg, 16 to 18 carbon atoms) are predominantly at positions sn-1 and sn-3, while mono and polynunsaturated fatty acids are at position sn-2 or at Average position of the triglyceride molecule There are only a small number of "simple tplcplepedo" of natural existence, for example, tppalmitine (C16), tpolema (C8) and the like. The structured glyceride component of this invention will predominantly contain tpg I icépdos, 50% by weight or more, often about 90% by weight Of these tipllicépdos (whatever their proportion) at least 40% by weight have an ECN greater than 30 and less than 48 Most preferably, the glyceride component Structured will contain at least 60% by weight of the ECN greater than 30 and less than 48 species, most preferably at least 60% by weight of the ECN from about 32 to about 42 The structured glycerides of this invention can be prepared through any procedure commonly used to make structured lipids For example, an interestation or transestepficaon reaction made by mixing oils, or selective fractions of the oils, in stoichiometric proportions and then causing the transestepficaon reaction to proceed using catalysts or enzymes, can be used In addition, a person skilled in the art can genetically engineer plants that carry oil to produce the SPECIFIC STRUCTURAL GLYCERIDES DESCRIBED IN THIS INVENTION Although a standard transestepficaon procedure may result in a mixture of component containing two structured glycends of the invention together with other oils, said component blend is intended to be included within the claims. MCT as starting materials for preparing the structured lipids useful in this invention MCT oils, such as fractionated coconut oil and fractionated Kernel palm oils, are obtained through the hydrolysis of coconut and Kernel palm oils and the fatty acid distillation Fatty acids are then re-added to the glycerol molecules to obtain the MCT oil. The process of chemical interestipficaon used for the preparation of the structured glycolépdos in the following examples is in accordance with the teachings found in "Oils and Fats Ma nual, A Comprehensive Treatise ", Vol 2, Chapter 11, Transformation of Fat for Use in Food Products, pp. 923-925, incorporated herein by reference in its entirety Chemical interesification, also referred to as co-aleatopzation (since it alters the distribution non-random nature) can be achieved by heating a mixture of oils for a short period (for example 0 5 to 4 hours, preferably 0 5 to 2 hours at temperatures of 100-140 ° C, preferably 110-130 ° C) in the presence of a catalyst such as sodium methylate or sodium methoxide (for example, they vary from 0.05 to 0.5% by weight, most preferably from 0.1 to 0.3% by weight) The fatty acids leave their natural position on the tpglypepdo and are re-arranged in a random manner (presumably in the same way on each In this way, approximately one third of each individual fatty acid will reoccupy at the sn-1 position, approximately one third at the sn-2 position and about one third at the sn-3 position. As noted previously, it is possible to prevent or reduce suppression of the immune system induced by stress by separately administering the antioxidants and the structured glyceride component. Any separate administration should be considered as part of the invention. However, it is much more convenient for the individual, if The antioxidants and the structured glyceride component are administered together in a single composition. This composition can be administered in the of a nutpaonal product such as, for example, a formula or enteric concentrate. Other nutpaonal products or food products include bars, puddings, gels, confectionery such as sweets, gums, troches and the like. The antioxidant and the structured glyceride component can also be administered as a pharmaceutical composition. Suitable pharmaceutical compositions include tablets, capsules, suspensions, emulsions solutions, etc. A typical nut compositional composition of the present invention It will contain edible macronutpentes, vitamins and minerals in desired amounts for a particular use. The amounts of these ingredients will vary depending on whether the formula is intended for use with normal, healthy individuals, temporarily exposed to stress, or for subjects who have specialized needs due to certain states of chronic or acute disease (eg, metabolic disorders) It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the components used in a nutptional formulation of the present invention are of semi-purified or purified origin. By semi-purified or purified it is meant to mean a material that has been prepared through purification of a natural material or through synthesis. These techniques are well known in the field (see, for example, Code of Federal Regulations for Food Ingredients and Food Processing, Recommended Dietary Allowances, 10th Ed, National Academy Press, Washington DC , 1989) In a preferred embodiment, a nutpaonal formulation of the present invention is a nutpaonal, liquid, enteral product for a mammal, including humans such as adults, children, young and infants. Accordingly, in a further aspect of the invention, a nutpaonal formulation is provided that is suitable for feeding adults, who are experiencing stress. The formula comprises, in addition to antioxidants and a structured glyceride component, macronutpentes, vitamins and minerals in amounts designed to provide the adult daily nutpanel requirements The macronutpcionales components include edible fats, carbohydrates and proteins Illustrative edible fats are coconut oil, soybean oil and mono and dig Icepdo Illustrative carbohydrates are glucose, edible lactose and hydrogenated cornstarch A protein source typical may be soy protein, electrodialyzed milk whey or electrodialyzed skimmed milk, or whey, or the hydrolysates of these proteins, although other protein sources may also be used. These macronutpentes may be added in the form of nutpanates. commonly accepted in an amount equivalent to those present in human milk on an energy basis, that is, on a per-calorie basis. Although it is not intended to limit the invention in any way, but merely serves as a general guideline, a liquid nutpaonal formula of this invention typically will provide the following caloric distribution The protein system will typically provide about 5% to about 25% of the total calories, most preferably about 10% to 205 of the total calories The lipid system will provide from about 5 to about 50% of the total calories, and most preferably around 20 to 40% of the total calories, including the structured glyceride Typically, about 10-405 of the total calories will be provided by the structured lipid, and most preferably 15-25 % The system carbohydrate will typically provide about 20% to 90% of total calories, most preferably about 30% to 60% of total calories. Methods for formulating liquid and enteric nutpanale formulas are well known in the art and are described in detail in the Examples The enteric formula can be sterilized and subsequently used on a ready-to-feed basis (RTF) or stored in a liquid or in a concentrated powder. The powder can be prepared by spray-drying the enteric formula prepared as indicated above, and the formula can be reconstituted by rehydrating the concentrate. Nutparsal formulas for adults and children are well known in the art and are commercially available (eg, Similac®, Ensure®, Jevity® and Alimentum® from Ross Products Division, Abbott Laboratories). energy density of the nutpaonal composition when in liquid form, typically it can vary from approximately 0 3 to 2 calories per ml. When it is in solid or powder form, the nutpaonal supplement can contain from about 1 0 to more than 7 kilocalories per gram, in general, the osmolapdad of a liquid product will be lower that 700 Osm, and most preferably less than 660 mOsm When the structured ghice component is incorporated into a nutptional composition, it will usually be present in admixture with 11 pids, including naturally occurring glycerides, including t glyplepods (ie, unstructured glycerides) The presence of the unstructured glyceride will not have a deleterious effect in the present invention, provided that the structured glyceride component is present in an amount sufficient to have its beneficial effects on the stressed immune system. These amounts have been described above In said typical nutpaonal product, the structured glyceride component will comprise at least 20% w / w of the total lipids contained within the product, most preferably at least 50% w / w, and preferably around 80% p / p The nutptional formula will typically include vitamins and minerals, in addition to antioxidants, in order to help the individual to ingest the minimum daily requirements for this substance In addition to the antioxidants listed above, It may also be desirable to supplement the nut compositional composition with zinc, copper, and pholic acid, it is believed that these substances will also provide a boost for the stressed immune system and thus provide additional benefits to the individual. If zinc is used, the dose typical will be at least 125 mg, preferably 25-200 mg and most preferably 50-150 mg If copper is used, the dose typically is at least 08 mg, preferably 1 6-50 mg and most preferably 2-4 mg If folic acid is used the dose typically it is at least 100 ug, preferably 200-600 ug, and most preferably 300-500 5 ug These doses should be provided at least once a day and very preferably twice a day The presence of zinc, copper or folic acid is optional, and is not required in order to gain the beneficial effects in immune suppression. Also, a pharmaceutical composition can be supplemented with these same substances also in a very Preferred, the inmumtpcional contains, in addition to the antioxidant system and the structured carbohydrate component, a carbohydrate source, wherein at least 5% by weight of said carbohydrate is a m usable amino acid In a still highly preferred embodiment, the nutpaonal composition further contains protein, taurine and carnitine In addition to the enteric formulas, another preferred nutpaonal composition is one in solid form. Such solid forms include bars, biscuits, snacks, etc. Said compositions are preferred by certain consumers. Solid compositions may be easier to transport due to their lighter weight Some consumers prefer sensations tactiles associated with chewing and thus these solid forms expand the number of individuals who can receive the beneficial effects associated with the present invention. Initial attempts to prepare these nutptional compositions were associated with difficulties. As noted above, the invention is the discovery that a structured lipid, in combination with certain antioxidants, reduces suppression of the immune system that is associated with stress to the requirement that the compositions contain substantial amounts of structured lipids, certain complications were found that negatively impacted the stability of the compositions, their taste for the consumer and their effectiveness to reduce suppression of the immune system. Imaging, attempts were made to prepare bars. containing effective amounts of structured lipid and antioxidants These initial attempts were huge failures After minutes of preparing the core of the bar, the begging began to emanate from the core The nuclei of these bars were not processed, since hypothetically any bar can be considered highly undesirable by test subjects In addition, due to lipid leaching, it was impossible to determine how much lipid the patient actually consumed and how much is lost. A leaching lipid also tends to destroy the physical integrity of the bar. the I ntegrity may have a relative impact on the integrity of the ingredients of the bar. The ingredients were exposed to additional oxygen and thus to a higher risk of oxidative degradation. It is believed that said bars may have an unacceptably short storage life (i.e., less than the twelve months desired in a storage life) Through further experimentation, the inventors developed bars that were no longer susceptible to this leaching problem. These new bars did not exhibit any leaching after a trial period of at least 24 months The solution to this leaching problem was to incorporate certain proteins into the bar matrix (or any other solid composition) The leaching problem can also be improved by incorporating certain carbohydrates into the Also, it has been discovered that solid nut-forming compositions can be prepared by incorporating structured lipids that will not leach from structured lipid. The solution to the problem is to incorporate soy proteins into the composition. The amount of soy protein that will produce this beneficial effect can vary widely However, incorporating about 4 to about 20% w / w (based on the total weight of the solid nutpaonal product), and most preferably about 7 to 9% w / w of the soy protein, will minimize the problem of leaching Nowadays Protein Technologies soy proteins are used, If desired, other sources of protein can be incorporated into the bars, other beneficial effects can also be produced by incorporating the emulsifier, leatin, into the composition. The amount used can vary widely, but will typically range from about 04 to about 2%. / p, and most preferably around 0 8 to 0 9% w / w (based on the total weight of the composition) Additional benefits can be produced by incorporating honey into the composition in an amount ranging from about 16 to about 26% w / w, and most preferably around 20 to 22% w / w. As will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, since honey and leatin are incorporated into the composition, less soy protein will be required to mitigate the problem Leaching All amounts specified above are based on the weight of the total bar. One skilled in the art will easily be able to determine these amounts based on the teachings of the specification.

Soy protein is well known in the art and is available from many sources, such as DuPont Chemical Company of Wilmington, Delaware. Co-pending US patent application 09 / 107,886 filed on June 30, 1998, contains a detailed description with respect to to the soy protein and the contents of this patent are incorporated herein by reference Any or all of the macronutpentes described for liquid nutpana products can be used in solid nutpamon products in comparable concentrations. In addition to the antioxidants required, vitamins and minerals can also be incorporated opaquely into these compositions in amounts comparable to those described for liquid formulas. The relative caloric distribution of these solid compositions can vary widely. The protein component will typically provide about 10% to about 10% of the total calories and most preferably about 12% to about 25%. The carbohydrate component will typically provide about 30% a 90% of the total calories and most preferably around 50% to 60% The fat component will typically provide about 5 to 50%, and very typically about 25 to 35%. The solid nutpadal compositions can be manufactured using cold extrusion technology as is known in the art To prepare said compositions, typically all powdered components will be mixed together dry Such constituents typically include proteins, vitamin premixes, certain carbohydrates, etc. The fat-soluble components are then mixed together and combined with the above premixed powder. The said fat-soluble substance will include structured lipid and any other fat incorporated in the mixture. Finally, then any liquid components in the composition are mixed, forming a plastic as a composition or mass. The above process is intended to give a plastic mass that can then be configured, without additional physical or chemical changes, through the process known as cold extrusion or extrusion. In this process, the plastic mass is forced to a relatively low pressure through a die that confers the desired shape and the resulting exudate. then it is cut in an appropriate position to give products of the desired weight The mass, for example, can be forced through a die of small cross section to form a ribbon, which is carried on a moving belt at a predetermined speed under a guillotine-type cutter operating at regular intervals The cutter, in this case, generally consists of a sharp blade so adjusted that it cuts through the lath but not the underlying band, but also consists of a cable In both cases, the principle is the same, the cutting process occurs at intervals that allow the moving strip to be cut into pieces of equivalent weight and dimensions. In general, this is achieved by timing the cutting races and maintaining the speed of the band at an appropriate level, but there are also computer controlled versions of this mechanism that offer greater versatility. Alternatively, the dough can be forced through a die of large cross section and then cut to the level of sliced die through a blade or oscillating wire, which fall on a moving band and are thus transported The dough can also be extruded as a sheet, which is then cut with a stamp-type cut into shape that is appropriate, such as a cookie-cutter. Finally, the dough can also be forced into cameras in a rotating die equipped with an eccentric cam that forces the material thus formed out of the chamber at a certain point in the rotation of the cylindrical die. After the configuration, the formed product is moved through a transfer belt or other type of material conveyor to an area in where it can be further processed or simply packaged In general, a nut-type bar of the type described can be covered (coated) in a material that can be chocolate, a coating of the chocolate compound, or some other type of cover material. In all these cases, the coating material consists of of a fat that is solid at room temperature, but that is liquid at a temperature in excess of, for example, 31 1 ° C, along with other materials that confer the organoleptic attributes The cover is thus applied to the bar while it melts, allowing the bar to pass through a falling curtain or liquid cover, while passing over a plate or rollers that allow the cover to be applied to the surface under the bar, and the excess cover is blown to through air jets Finally, the covered bar passes through a cooling tunnel, where chilled air currents remove the heat and cause the cover to solidify. The pharmaceutical compositions or dietary supplements may be used to administer the antioxidants and the structured glycemic component to the stressed individual. Suitable pharmaceutical compositions may comprise sterile, physiologically acceptable, sterile aqueous or non-aqueous solutions, dispersions, suspensions or emulsions, and sterile powders. reconstitution in sterile solutions or dispersions for ingestion Examples of suitable vehicles, diluents, solvents or aqueous or non-aqueous carriers include water, ethanol, pohols (propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, glycerol, and the like), suitable mixtures thereof, vegetable oils (such as olive oil) and injectable organic esters such as ethyl oleate. The proper fluidity can be maintained, for example, through the maintenance of the required particle size in the case of dispersions and through the use of surfactants It may also be desirable to include isotonic agents, for example, sugars, sodium chloride, and the like. In addition to said inert diluents, the composition may also include auxiliaries, such as wetting agents, emulsifying and suspending agents, sweeteners, sabotagers and perfume suppliers The suspensions, in addition to the active compounds, may contain suspending agents, for example, ethoxylated isostearyl alcohols, polyoxyethylene sorbitol and sorbitan esters, microcpstalin cellulose, aluminum metahydroxide, bentonite, agar-agar and tragacanth, or mixtures of these substances, and Similar Solid dosage forms such as tablets and capsules can be prepared using techniques well known in the art. For example, antioxidants and the structured glycemic component can be formed into tablets with conventional tablet bases such as lactose, sucrose, and starch. corn in combination with binders such as acacia, corn starch or gelatin, to the disintegrating agents such as potato starch or alginic acid and a lubricant such as stearic acid or magnesium stearate. Capsules can be prepared by incorporating These excipients in a gelatin capsule together with the antioxidants and the structured glycepto component The amount of the antioxidants and the structured glycepto component that must be incorporated into the pharmaceutical formulation must fit within the guidelines discussed above in the section of SUMMARY As used herein, the terms "pharmaceutical composition" and "dietary supplement" should be considered interchangeable. As described above, the invention is directed both to prevent and reduce the suppression of an immune system that is associated with stress. application, stress refers to an adverse stimulus that can be physical, emotional, mental, external or internal and tends to upset the homeostasis of individuals. Examples of stress include physical activity such as work or exercise, emotional such as distress or worries of insecurity in the work jo, chronic or physical mental illness, health difficulties, etc. Any external or internal stimulus or combination thereof, which causes the individual's anxiety and is correspondingly capable of leading to a suppression of the immune system should be considered as stress for the purpose of This invention Stress is associated with harmful effects on the immune system There is a clear reduction in the sensitivity of lymphocytes during periods of stress In addition, there is also an increased incidence of infection during stress.

The pharmaceutical and pharmacological compositions of this invention will have a beneficial effect on the immune system of the stressed individual. These compositions will reduce the infection regimen as well as avoid or minimize reductions in lymphocyte sensitivity. When the nutptional or pharmaceutical compositions according to this invention are consumed in a therapeutically effective amount, the level of suppression or poor regulation of the immune system induced by stress is induced. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that effective amounts of the immunonutpaonal will depend on factors such as the age and weight of the individual. For a human being Typically 70 kilograms, the therapeutically effective daily dose is at least UI of vitamin E, 50 μg of selenium 250 mg of vitamin C, 75 mg of β-carotene and 10 grams of structured glyceride. A further aspect of the invention is refers to reducing the incidence of infection and n an animal through the administration of the composition of the invention to the animal The infection is an invasion and multiplication by microorganisms, such as viruses and bacteria, in tissues of the body, which clinically may be non-apparent or result in cell damage local due to competitive metabolism, toxins, intracellular replicate, or antigen-antibody response In Example 2 below, the composition of this invention is shown to be highly effective in reducing the incidence of disease Upper Respiratory (Both Viral and Bacterial) in a Human Being As used in this application, the term "treat" refers to both preventing, and reducing the incidence of, unwanted occurrence. For example, treating immune suppression refers to both to prevent the occurrence of this suppression as to reduce the amount of said suppression The terms "patient" and "individual" are used interchangeably and both refer to an animal The term "animal", as used in this application, refers to any warm-blooded mammal including, but not limited to, dogs, humans, monkeys and monkeys. As used in the application, the term "approximately" refers to an amount that varies of the established scale or number by a reasonable amount depending on the context of use Any number or numerical scale specified in the specification should be considered modified by the term approximately "Dosage" and "used for" are used interchangeably and refer to the quantity of the pharmaceutical nutnaonal composition ingested by the patient in an individual fixation and designed to deliver effective amounts of the antioxidants and the structured tpglicépdo As will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, a single dose or serving for liquid nutpaonal powder should provide the amount of antioxidants and structured glyceride discussed at previously in the summary section of the invention The amount of the dose or what it serves for must be a volume that a typical adult can consume in a This amount may vary widely from the patient's age, weight, sex or medical condition. However, as a general guideline, an individual or service dose of a liquid nutpaonal product should be considered to cover a volume of 100 to 600 ml, preferably 125 to 500 ml and most preferably 125 to 300 ml For a solid composition the amount that can be consumed in a single fixation is typically a bar, biscuit, sandwich, etc. The weight of said composition may vary from 25 to 40 ml. to about 156 grams, and most preferably about 60 1 100 grams The following non-limiting examples will further illustrate the present invention EXAMPLE 1 Preparation of the Antioxidant System In this experiment, two liquid products were prepared to evaluate the immune suppression induced by stress in a human being. Table 1 establishes the list of materials for a batch of the control formulas and experiments TABLE 1 List of materials Antioxidant-Formulation System * Color was added to the control product to match the color of the product experienced containing ß-carotene This was necessary to blind the study subjects The starting materials for the control and experimental formulas were from commercial suppliers and were of food grade quality. The formulas were prepared by mixing a slurry of fat and a protein slurry. The slurry of fat mixture was prepared by heating corn oil to a temperature on the scale of 54-68 ° C with agitation Then an emulsifier was added (soy lecithin under agitation and allowed to dissolve) The products were manufactured using soy lecithin distributed by Central Soya, Incorporated, Fort Wayne, Indiana, USA, under the commercial name of "Centrol CA" 30% of ß-carotene and vitamin E (Da-tocopherol acetate) were then added to the slurry with agitation The complete slurry remained low moderate agitation at a temperature on the scale of 54-68% for a period not greater than 12 hours until it was mixed with the other slurries. A protein slurry in water (PIW) was prepared by heating about half the water to a temperature in the 63-71% scale with agitation and then the sodium casemate was added. The products were manufactured using sodium caseinate protein distributed by MD Foods Ingredients Incorporated, 2480 Morris Avenue, Union, New Jersey, USA The complete PIW slurry is maintained under moderate agitation at a temperature in the range of 60-71 ° C for a period not greater than 4 hours until final mixing. The oil mixture slurry was added to the PIW slurry and added sugar, (sucrose) with agitation Then the potassium citrate was added slowly with stirring and the resulting mixture was kept for not less than 5 minutes before the pH of the preprocess mixture was taken. pre-processed was maintained at a temperature on the scale of approximately 60-71 ° C after a period not less than 1 minute and not greater than 2 hours, the mixed slurry was subjected to deaeration, ultrahigh temperature (UHT) heat treatment and homogenization, as described below. To heat the mixed slurry to a temperature in the range of 65-71 ° C, B Deaerate the mixture to 254-38 1 cm Hg, C Emulsify the mixed slurry to 63-77 atmospheres, and D Pass the mixture through a plate / coil heater and heat the mixture to 120-122 ° C with a time for approximately 10 seconds The control and experimental products were packed in 241 ml metal containers and finely sterilized.

Table 2 establishes the objective values per liter of the control and experimental products and an acceptable scale for each component TABLE 2 Specification of the Antioxidant System (Values per Liter) Antioxidant System Evaluation Soldiers involved in the determination of special forces and selection school (SFAS) were recruited at Fort Bragg, North Carolina to assess the ability of the experimental product to reduce or alleviate stress-induced immune system degradation The SFAS is a physically and mentally demanding course and lasts for 21 days Soldiers typically cover 240 kilometers carrying a minimum of 105 kilograms of field gear in a standard army bag Stressful key points during the course of SFAS include psychological stress, caloric insufficiency, periodic sleep restriction and intense periods of physical exercise 50% depletion of SFAS is normal for this training course 150 volunteers were instructed for the purpose of study and the risks and benefits involved A subgroup of 36 volunteers was recruited as a reference group This reference group was used to validate the various immunological assays used in this study The reference group was not randomized into groups of study and they were given Experimental or control beverages were collected Blood samples were drawn from all volunteers and skin tests were conducted, as described below, before the start of training Subjects were stratified on the basis of smoking and then randomly assigned in one of the two groups One group received the experimental drink and one group was given the placebo without containing antioxidants (control) The control and experimental beverages were consumed in a liquid form and provided approximately 200 calories per day (04 kcalories per ml) drinks were provided in cans of 241 ml and the subjects were asked to drink two cans per day Other measurements taken included weight, height, skin fold measurements, and body gauze measurements using near infrared measurements. These measurements and blood draw were also taken on day 20 One day before collection of blood samples. , the soldiers were required not to take any food or fluid except water alone after 9 o'clock at night, the night before the blood collection. Food consumption was measured and recorded daily. The subjects were provided with a mixture of rations MREs (ready-to-eat foods) and A (hot foods) plus two cans of control or experimental beverages (except for the reference group) Data were collected using 24-hour diet records, in which the subjects they recorded their daily food and their fluid intake During that time, the subjects consumed the A rations, the food consumption was verified using visual estimation techniques Nutrient intakes were calculated from the forms of food consumption and the feeding of visual estimation was recorded. Data reduction and nutrient calculation were completed using a computated analysis of the nutrient system. Samples were collected. of blood at a baseline (day 0) and on day 20 in four separate tubes vacutainer The total amount of blood drawn for the study was approximately 68 ml Tube 1 (13 ml of SST, red top) was for the measurement of key nutpaonal markers including energy substrates, vitamin C and biochemical markers of general health status Tube 2 (7 ml of hepapna, top royal blue ) was used for the analysis of selenium and leukocyte analysis. One milliliter was removed for the analysis of selenium in whole blood and 5 ml of whole blood were removed and mixed with a 2% solution of dextpna and allowed to settle for 30 minutes. supernatant rich in leukocytes was removed and washed The remaining blood was used for the preparation of whole blood cultures for lymphocyte blastogenesis The tube 3 (7 ml of EDTA, top purple, was used for a total blood cell count as determined in a Coulter JT blood analyzer This analyzer was used to determine hemoglobin, hematocysts, mean corpuscular volume, white blood cell count, red blood cell count, platelet count, percentage of hnfoates, percentage of monoates and percentage of granules. After determining the blood count, the tube was centrifuged and the plasma was removed. plasma was used for the determination of the content of vitamin A and E The tube 4 (7 ml of hepapna, top royal blue) was used to quantify subsets of hnfocytes through flow cytometry and phagocytosis of pohmorfonucleated cell The ability of the subjects test to generate a live immune response m was determined using a DTH test (Multitest-CMI, Connaught Laboratories, Inc., Swiftwater PA) The test was provided at the end from day 20 The test equipment contained a negative control of glycepna and 7 culture filtrate antigens of the following microorganisms Clostpdium tetam (tetanus toxoid), Corynebacterium diphthepa (diphtheria toxoid), Streptococcus Group C (streptococcus), Mycobacterium tuberculosis (tuberculin, elderly), Candida Albicans (antigen of candida), Tpchonphyton mentogrophytes (antigen of tpchonphyton) and Proteus mirabilis (proteo) The test tip was applied to the ventral forearm of each subject in the morning, after taking the blood samples After 48 hours, the response for each antigen was determined by measuring the diameters (parallel and perpendicular long axis of the forearm) of the induration that results in each of the 8 tip administration sites The site was recorded as a positive reaction when it showed an induration with a diameter of 2 mm or more compared to a negative control Statistical Analysis The main response variable in this study was the pro-inflammatory response of lymphocytes in vitro This was determined based on the radioactivity of hnfoates placed in culture and with the application of pulses with radioactive thymidine. Statistical analysis of the data used a test of a queue or endpoint with a confidence coefficient of 95 The comparison of the groups in the baseline was determined and all the continuous level data were examined to prove the assumption of normality by setting an ANOVA model of one direction and examining the residual products with the Shapiro-Wilk test. The results were considered statistically important and the p-value of the analysis was lower than 0 05 Results The results of the proliferation of hnfocitos are established in Figure 1 It is quite evident that the control product (protein, lipid and carbohydrates without antioxidant system) was relatively ineffective to protect the immune system, as evidenced by the proliferation of lymphocyte from of degradation caused by SFAS stress In contrast, the antioxidant system according to this invention reduced degradation by 15% (-21% vs -6%) (A value of -21% represents a greater reduction in function immune) This difference between the immuno-control and the experimental was significant ap < 0 05 Total induration (average sum in mm) was obtained for each subject Subjects who received the control drink had an average induration of 44 mm with an SEM of 0 8 mm The treatment group had an average induration of 44 mm with an SEM of 0 5 mm A reference group that was a military group of the same age was used to validate the immunological assays used in this study. The reference group had a mean total induration of 13 1 mm per subject with a SEM of 1 0 mm The reference group was not randomized into the study groups nor was the experimental or control drink given. From this information, it can be concluded that based on in the proliferation of hnfocito, the antioxidant supplement attenuated the immune suppression induced by stress It is interesting to observe that the antioxidant supplement had little effect on the cell-mediated immune function as determined by the delayed-type skin hypersensitivity Example 2 that follows demonstrates that antioxidant supplementation combined with the ingestion of the described structured glyceride component results in the attenuation of stress-induced immune suppression as measured both in lymphocyte proliferation and delayed-type skin hypersensitivity EXAMPLE 2 Immunonutritional with structured q-glyceride component In this experiment, the nutritional status and immune changes of soldiers going to the SFAS at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, were studied. A control product and an experimental product were formulated to produce a ready-to-eat product that contained protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals The experimental product used 1) a structured glyceride as part of the lipid component, 2) the antioxidant system according to the invention, and 3) ingetable carbohydrate (ie FOS) The liquid nut prt of the present invention was manufactured by preparing three slurries that were mixed together, heat treated, standardized, packaged and sterilized. The process for making 4,545 kg of the liquid nutritional prt using the list of materials in Table 5, described in detail below. A carbohydrate / mineral slurry was prepared by first heating about 1,854 kg of water at a temperature range of about 66-71 ° C with stirring. After, the following minerals were added in the listed order, under high pre-mix stirring. traces / ultra trace mineral, potassium trapping, magnesium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium citrate, potassium iodide, zinc sulfate, cupric sulfate, sodium selenite and tribasic calcium phosphate Maltodextpna was added to the slurry under high agitation and allowed to dissolve while the temperature was maintained at approximately 63 ° C the prt was manufactured The prt was used by Maltodextpna distributed by Cerestar USA Incorporated (formerly American Maize), Hammond, Indiana, USA, under the trade name "Lodex-15". The sugar (sucrose) and the remaining intact gosaccharides were then added under high agitation. manufactured using ohgasacid powder distributed by Golden Technologies Company, Golden, Colorado, USA, under the trade name "Nutpflora-P fructohgosacchapde Powder (96%)" The whole carbohydrate / mineral slurry was maintained at high agitation at a temperature in the scale of 60-66 ° C for no more than 12 hours until mixed with the other slurries. A protein-in-fat slurry (PIF) was prepared by combining and heating MCT structured canopy / structured ghd, soybean oil and highly oleic sunflower oil at a temperature on the scale of 32-43 ° C under stirring The emulsifier (soy lecithin) was then added under stirring and allowed to dissolve The prt was manufactured using lecithin distributed by Central Soya Incorporated, Fort Wayne, Indiana, USA, under the tradename "Centrol CA "The premix of vitamin DEK, vitamin A, vitamin E (Da-tocopherol acetate), 30% of β-carotene, carrageenan and sodium caseinate were then added to the slurry with agitation. The complete PIF slurry was kept under moderate agitation on a temperature scale of 32-43 ° C for a period not greater than 12 hours until it was mixed with the other slurries. A protein slurry in water (PIW) was prepared by first adding the caseinate Calcium to approximately 1170 kg of water and heating to a temperature in the range of 66-71 ° C with agitation. Then the sodium caseinate and the soy protein isolate were added to the calcium caseinate slurry under stirring. manufactured using calcium and sodium caseinate proteins distributed by New Zeland Milk Prts, Incorporated, 3637 Westwind Boulevard, Santa Rosa, California, USA under the designations "Alanate 380" and Alanate 180", respectively, and the protein isolate of soybeans distributed by Protein Technologies International, Checkerboard Square, 13T, St. Louis, Missouri, USA, under the tradename "Supro 1610" The complete PIW slurry was kept under moderate agitation at a temperature on the scale of 60-66 ° C for a period no longer 4 hours until final mixing PIW and PIF slurries were mixed together with stirring and the resulting mixed slurry was maintained at a temperature in the range of approximately 54-63 ° C After waiting at least 1 minute, the slurry carbohydrate / mineral was added to the mixed slurry from the previous step with stirring and the resulting mixed slurry was maintained at a temperature in the range of about 54-63 ° C. The vessel that contained the carbohydrate / mineral slurry was rinsed with about 4-54 kg of water and the rinse water is added to the mixed slurry After waiting for a period not less than 1 minute and not longer than 2 hours, the mixed slurry was subjected to desaereación, heat treatment at ultra high temperature (UHT) and homogenization using equipment and techniques known in the industry Subsequent to the homogenization and cooling of product, the predefined analytical test for quality control, was conducted Based on the analytical results, an appropriate amount of dilution water was added to the batch with agitation. Separately, a solution of vitamin and a solution of flavor and added to the processed mixed slurry The vitamin solution was prepared by heating approximately 31 kg of water at a temperature on the scale of approximately 32-43 ° C with stirring, and then adding the following ingredients, in the order listed, under agitation, ascorbic acid, 45% potassium hydroxide, taurine, premix of water soluble vitamin, choline chloride and L-carnitma Vitamin slurry was then added to the mixed slurry under agitation The flavor solution was prepared by adding 2 772 grams of artificial butter and 1386 grams of artificial flavors of pecan to approximately 32 kg of water with stirring. The product was manufactured using artificial flavors of butter and pecan distributed by Firmenich, Incorporated, Box 5880, Ppnceton , New Jersey, USA, under the trade designations of "Artificial Butter Flavor 596 333 / T" and "Artificial Pecan Flavor 596 332 / T" The flavor slurry was then added to the mixed slurry under agitation. The pH of the product was adjusted to obtain the stability of the optimum product The complete product was then placed in suitable containers and subjected to terminal sterilization The control product was manufactured using a similar process, however, the list of materials established in Table 3 was used.

TABLE 3 List of Materials for Control (4545 lot ka) 1) The dye was added to help the blind test 2) Butter and pecan flavor added 3) Caloric density 1 5 cal / ml Table 4 lists the breakdown of nutrients for the control product TABLE 4 Nutrient Rupture-Control Product Table 5 establishes the list of materials for drinking experimental TABLE 5 List of Materials for the Immunonutritional Lot of 4545 kg Table 6 establishes the nutritional composition of immunonutpcional according to the invention TABLE 6 Nutrient-lnmunonutritional Rupture 1) Added butter-pecan flavor 2) No dye was required since ß-carotene provided the color Structured glyceride component An important aspect of the present invention is the use of a structured diglypephed component in the immunonutntional In this example, the glyceride Structured was a mixture of 50/50% by weight of cannula / oil oil from MCT that was co-coated with sodium methoxide and then deoxidized at 180 ° C with 8% steam. The 50/50 mixture of canola / g Structured ceptum MCT was provided by Stepan Company of Maywood, New Jersey The fatty acid profile of the structured glyceride used in the experimental product is set forth in Table 7 TABLE 7 Fatty Acid Profile Structured Glyceride Key 1) Free fatty acid content less than 010% by weight 2) Peroxide value less than 10 mEg / kg The equivalent carbon number or ECN is the sum of the carbon atoms in the acyl chains in a molecule of tpglicépdos. For example, tppalmitine (tppalmítico glycerol), which contains 3 acyl portions of 16 carbon atoms, could have a number of equivalent carbon of 48 Many of the properties of food lipids can be represented directly in terms of their component fatty acids Without being bound to any theory, it is speculated that the immunonutpcionales of this invention that use structured lipids, are capable of, in part, , reduce stress-induced immune suppression through the improved ability of unique tpglicépdos and oil-soluble antioxidants such as vitamin E An important difference between a structured glyceride and its constituent oils, lies in the molecular species of the tpglicépdo Molecular species of a tpglicépdo can be designed through the carbon number equiv The interestepficación or co-aleatopzación of the constituent oils creates new species of tpglicépdo that are unique to the structured glyceride and are absent in the constituent oils Table 8 establishes the tglicepdo profile of two batches of structured glyceride that were prepared co-aleatopzando a mixture of 50/50 MCT oil and canola oil Table 8 also presents the profile of the equivalent carbon number for the physical mixture of MCT oil and canola oil TABLE 8 Triglyceride profile of the 50/50 mixture of MCT oil and canola oil and the corresponding structured glyceride a - ECN is the Equivalent Carbon Number, sum of carbon atoms in the acyl chains in the glycerol base structure of a glycolipid The pairs of the tnglicépdo species with the same carbon number and different degree of unsaturation were co-eluted and integrated as a peak The values reported in Table 8 are from a current analysis of the physical mixture of structured lipids. It is interesting to note that the two batches of structured glyceride are almost identical in the carbon equivalent number profile. The glycolipids with carbon number equivalents of 32 -45 represent species that are unique to the structured tpglypepdo and are absent from the physical mixture. The various ingredients for the immuno-immunological of the invention and the control were combined using conventional techniques and equipment as previously described. Those skilled in the art for preparing liquid nutptional products They will easily appreciate the numerous variables and processes that can be used to prepare the products. In this way, the control and the immunonutriaonal were prepared and packaged in 241 ml metal cans and finally sterilized. The immuno-immunization according to the invention provided 1060 mg of the vitamin C per liter of product, 847 IU of vitamin E per liter of the product, 324 mg of ß-carotene per liter of the product and selenium at 211 μg per liter of the product The main minerals and other trace and ultra trace minerals were at levels that typically were found in medical nutptional products such as Ensure Plus, produced and sold by Ross Products Division of Abbott Laboratories, Columbus, Ohio Test 200 volunteers were assigned randomly to the SFAS of the United States Navy to consume two cans or approximately 453 grams of the immuno-immunization experienced in accordance with this invention (n = 100) or two cans of placebo (control) drink (n = 100) with their regularly available rations (MREs and A rations) Each drink supplied approximately 360 kcalories / can The control and experimental product contained a similar amount of energy and macronutpentes, but were different in lipid composition and micronutpente concentrations ( antioxidant system) In a manner similar to that described in Example 1, immune function was determined in this experiment through flow atometry that measured cell population changes and lymphocyte activation as well as granulocyte phagocytosis. they are highly sensitive and specific that they detect antigens on the cell surface they were brand two with fluorescent compounds and then mixed with the isolated cells The antibodies bound specific antigens on the surfaces of the cells and thus identified a specific cell (ie, T cells or B cells) or to a limited extent, the function ( that is, activation and phagocytosis) A determination of upper respiratory tract infection was diagnosed by a military physician based on observation of the involvement of any and all airways, including nose, passages for nasal, throat, larynx, trachea, bronchi An additional clinical measurement included delayed-type hypersensitivity (administered to a subgroup of soldiers) Clinical observations also included febrile or non-febrile determinations Figure 2 establishes the results with respect to the rate of upper respiratory infection per group (ie, control against treatment) Figure 2 shows that the subjects who consume the immunonutpcional according to the invention had a greatly reduced incidence of upper respiratory tract infection compared with the control and with groups without study. This finding is of statistical importance and is a surprising result The rate of exhaustion of the subjects in this study during SFAS was typical. Of the 100 subjects in each group, 57 controls ended and 49 of the experimental group completed the program for a total of 106 subjects. Both groups experienced a modest weight loss of approximately 2 72 kg per soldier. Modest differences were also observed at the end of training between the two groups at the level of T cells, B cells and NK cells. From the daily food consumption records, it was determined that the experimental group consumed 100 % of all the nutrients established by RDA, while the group of ol consumed less than 100% RDA for vitamins A, E and folic acid The group fed the experimental immunonutpcional had fewer anergic subjects to delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) as compared to the control group The DTH test (Multi-Test-CMI, Connaught Laboratories, Inc. Swiftwater, PA) contained a negative control of ghc and 7 antigens as set forth in Example 1 Antigens were administered with a device similar to a small skin test, through a firm pressure against the skin The resulting induration was measured in mm and no sensitivity (anergy) was defined as a total response less than or equal to 2.0 mm for the 7 test antigens.

Table 9 establishes the collected tables TABLE 9 Total Induration (Average Sum in mm) by Subject * The Reference Group was a military group of coincident age used to validate the immunological assays used in this study. The reference group was not randomized into the study groups and was given the experimental or control drink.

From Figure 3 and Table 9, it is evident, based on lymphocyte proliferation, the supplementation of antioxidants plus the structured glyceptide minimized suppression of the immune system induced by stress. There are also few subjects who received the experimental product. that were anergic as determined by delayed-type skin hypersensitivity and response (total sum of induration in the treatment group was greater It is evident that the minimal influence of the experimental formula was the result of the effect on the hymphocyte and the immune cell function since no major differences in the circulation of T cells were observed B cells and natural killer cell numbers From this experiment it is observed that the sum of the DHT responses were higher in the experimental group and this is a very interesting finding since the anergy and the reduced DTH responses correlate with a risk Increased infection The results of this experiment also indicate that few soldiers who consumed the immunonutpaal of the invention experienced upper respiratory tract infection as compared to the control group. In general, the soldiers who consumed the immunonutptional according to the invention experienced fewer infections and signs of immunosuppression that that s that consumed control (containing similar amounts of macronutpentes and energy EXAMPLE 3 A solid nut composition according to the present invention manufactured to prepare 3 premixes that were combined formed / extruded coated cooled and packed The process of four steps to manufacture approximately 234 kilograms of the nut product in bar, using the list of materials (annex 10), are described in detail below Step One A dry mix was prepared by adding the soy protein isolates (Type 1 commercial name Supro 661, supplied by Protein Technologies International, St Louis, MO 63188 and Type 2 commercial name Supro 1610, from the same supplier), calcium caseinate, vitamin / mineral premix, fructooligosacpado, oat bran, maltodextpna, corn syrup solid, roasted rice and soy pohsacápdo to a double arm mixer at room temperature (24 ° + _10 ° C) and stirred for approximately 200 runs Step Two An oil premix was prepared by combining canola / structured feed of MCT and soy lecithin in a separate mixture and mixing for 2 minutes at room temperature (24 ° + _10 ° C). The mixture of oils was added to the dry mixture ( described in step 1) and was agitated for approximately 200 runs Step Three A liquid premix was prepared by adding corn syrup with a high content of fructose, crystalline fructose, glycepna, taste of honey and artificial whole wheat, to a separate mixer and stirring for 5 minutes The liquid premix was added to the dry mix (described in step 1) and stirred for approximately 100 runs (or until a uniform dough was obtained) Step Four The dough was transferred to a former, where the "core" bars were formed and cut to a weight of 57 grams +.2 grams The core was covered with a cover of chocolate confectionery (46-48 ° C) ), so that the core plus the cover obtained a minimum weight of 65 0 grams and did not exceed a maximum weight of 77 0 grams (objective 68 0 grams) The bars were then cooled to a temperature between 0o and 15 ° C At no time were the bars subjected to elevated baking temperatures The bars were then packed in a polyethylene / low density aluminum foil wrap More detailed information regarding the composition is shown in Table 12 C OUTER 1 0 Ingredient Quantity Nomenclature Kilograms Grams Soy protein isolate (Type one) 9 20 9200 0 Soy protein isolate (Type two) 9 20 9200 0 Calcium caseinate 16 60 16000 0 Vitamin / Mineral premix (see Table 11) 10 52 10620 0 Bran of sand 10 00 10000 0 Maltodextnna (10 OF) 4 10 4100 0 Corn syrup solids (20 DE) 5 50 5500 0 Roasted rice 15 34 15340 0 Polisacándo de soya 12 00 12000 0 Canola / Structured Lipid from MCT 20 00 20000 0 Soy lecithin 2 00 2000 0 Corn syrup with a high fructose content 25 00 25000 0 Crystal fructose 5 94 5940 0 Glicepna 500 5000 0 Honey pasteupzada 32 60 32600 0 Fructooligosacápdo powder 14 50 14600 0 Artificial whole wheat flavor 0 30 300 0 Chocolate confectionery cover 35 85 35849 1 Total Lot Weight 233 85 233,849 1 TABLE 11 Target component per 100 grams Beta-carotene, mg 175 80 Vitamin D, IU 2,847 00 Vitamin E (RRR), IU 7,096 00 Vitamin K1, mg 422 60 Vitamin C, mg 11,968 00 Folic acid, mcg 11,345 00 Thiamine, mg 72 97 Riboflavin, mg 68 96 Vitamin B6, mg 72 97 Vitamin B12, mcg 242 40 Niacin, mg 553 90 Choline, mg 3,670 00 Biotin, mg 9,743 00 Pantothenic acid, mg 324 70 Sodium, mg 5,215 00 Potassium, mg 11,87900 Chloride, mg 11,323 00 Calcium , mg 2,514 00 Phosphorus, mg 1,887 00 Magnesium, mg 1,633 00 Iodine, mcg 1,014 00 Manganese, mg 36 04 Copper, mg 28 70 Zinc 891 90 Iron, mg 113 00 Selenium, mcg 1,849 00 Chromium, mcg 714 10 Molybdenum, mcg 1,143 00 L-carnitine, mg 1,866 00 Taurine, mg 1 866 00 TABLE 12 Development Specifications (per 100 grams) EXAMPLE 4 Immunonutritional with Structured Glyceride Component in the Form of Bar Food As noted in Examples 1 and 2, the training of vigorous army implies physical and psychological stress that causes bad immune regulation and increased risk of invention In this example, the nutptional state and the immune changes of soldiers who go to training Ranger (RT), Fort Benning, Georgia, were 5 studied The RT ( as previously described by Bernton et al.) is a longer training course (62 days) as compared to SFAS (21 days, as studied in Examples 1 and 2) A control product and an experimental product were formulated as a food bar that contained protein, fat, Carbohydrates, Vitamins and Minerals The experimental bar was similar in nutritional profile as the experimental product of Example 2 and used 1) a structured protein as part of the lipid component, 2) the antioxidant system according to the invention, and 3) Ingetable carbohydrate (ie, FOS), and 4) other vitamins and 15 minerals Three experimental bars were identical in composition and were manufactured according to the process presented in Example 3 The control bars were identical to the experimental ones, except that no premix of vitamin and mineral was added and the fat was of corn oil 20 Test One hundred and twenty-three soldiers participating in the Ranger training of the United States Navy were volunteers and randomly assigned to consume two bars of approximately 150 g / day of the experimental immuno-immunization bar according to with this invention (n = 63), or two bars of placebo (control) bar (n = 60) The nutptional state (body weight) and immune function (flow cytometry, response to vaccination of hepatitis A, DTH) was evaluated through Ranger training The effect of stress, as well as the nutptional product were determined as a change of the baseline at each point of time (visit 2-baseline, visit 3-baseline, visit 4 -baseline) of important immune cells and nfocytes Subjects were screened for prior exposure or vaccination to hepatitis A and then the remaining subjects were vaccinated. In addition, DTH was administered to a group of soldiers before and after stressful training It was a very unexpected finding that the subjects of this study will actually gain weight (Figure 4) during this intense physical training. This weight gain was partially attributed to the extra energy of the experimental and control bars. vios, it was found that soldiers typically lost from 908 to 136 kilograms. Benton and others, found a similar weight loss of 908-136 kg during RT. There was a trend towards greater weight gain in the treatment group (P = 0067). ) Therefore, it seems that some of the nutrients contained in the experimental bar helped the soldiers maintain their weight as compared to the control group Important changes in the numbers of T cells, B cells and NK cells and cellular activity occurred within each group as a result of vigorous stress. This evidenced that the subjects consume the experimental bar experienced less than a reduction in a number of important immune cells For example, there was a minor reduction in the number of monocytes in soldiers under the most stressful time of the Ranger training course (P <0 013). , there was evidence that the experimental bar attenuated the loss of important nuclides induced by stress (T nuclides, * P = 0 023) of the experimental group against the control group (Figure 5) The reduction was the result of the loss of CD4 + nphocytes (auxiliaries), which play an important role in the response of the immune system (Figure 6, * P = 0008) There was also a minor reduction in Th1 lymphocytes (lymphocytes that produce interferon-gamma after stimulation) in the subjects who consumed the experimental product (Figure 7, * P = 0 029) Short survival was also administered to understand the subject's preference for the bar and its acceptance during RT 75% of the subjects indicated that the experimental bar helped them to complete RT, while only 67% of the control subjects indicated that it was helpful. There was no statistical difference in DTH or vaccine response between the groups, although Both the vaccine and the DTH response were suppressed. In this way, these findings support that the invention plays an important role in minimizing stress-induced immune changes that place soldiers in an increased risk of infection Aphcabihdad Industrial The medical community continues to search for useful methods and compositions to overcome the problems associated with emotional and physical stress It is well known that stress compromises the immune system in an animal and thus makes the animal more susceptible to disease. For example, In a study of 586 hospital patients, DTH anergy was found to be associated with a sepsis regimen of 45% and a 38% mortality regimen, compared to 7% sepsis and 3% death regimens in patients Reagents In this way, the methods and products that protect the immune system and / or reduce its degradation will fill a great need The need to provide adequate protection to stressed individuals such as soldiers, athletes who exercise excessively and chronic disease is well documented. immunonutptional agents of this invention have been shown to be highly effective in reducing the amount of Immunosuppression that occurs in the stressed individual The method of the present invention can be conveniently achieved through the administration of pills, capsules, dietary supplements, enteric nutpcionales and the like The above examples are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention described by the following claims. Alternative modifications and embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art in view of the foregoing description. Accordingly, this description should be constructed only as illustrative and for the purpose of teaching those skilled in the art the manner of carrying it out

Claims (21)

1 - . 1 - A composition useful for the treatment of stress-induced immune suppression, comprising a) the following antioxidants, present in an amount sufficient to mitigate immune suppression induced by stress i) vitamin C, II) vitamin E, ni) selenium, iv) ß-carotene, and b) a structured glyceride component, present in an amount sufficient to alleviate stress-induced immune suppression, where it contains some kind of trig licèpdo and at least 40% of the tpglicépdo species has (i) from about 33 to 70% by weight of alpha portions having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms, (n) from about 30 to 67% by weight of acyl portions having more than 12 carbon atoms, and (ni) a carbon number equivalent greater than 30 to less than 48

2 - A composition according to claim 1, wherein said oxidants are present in at least about the following amounts per dose a) 200 IU of vitamin E, b) 50 μg of selenium, c) 250 mg of vitamin C, d) 7 5 mg of β-Carotene

3 - The composition according to claim 2, wherein said structured peptide is present in an amount of at least 1 gram per dose

4 - The composition according to claim 3, further containing zinc at a concentration of at least about 12 5 mg of zinc per dose

5 - The composition according to the claim 3, which also contains at least about 0 8 mg of copper per dose

6 - The composition according to claim 3, which also contains at least about 100 ug of folic acid per dose

7 - The composition according to Claim 3, wherein the predominantly structured glyceride component comprises triglycerides

8 - The composition according to claim 7, wherein said t-glycopeptides comprise from 45 to 70 wt% of tenth acyl portions. 4 to 12 carbon atoms

9 - The composition according to claim 7, wherein the tpglicépdos comprise from 30 to 55% by weight of acyl portions having more than 12 carbon atoms

10 -. 10 - The composition according to claim 7, wherein the tpglicépdos comprise from 50 to 65% by weight of acyl portions having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms and from 35 to 50% by weight of aaloal moieties having more than 12 atoms carbon

11 - The composition according to claim 3, wherein the glycoproteins have a carbon number equivalent of from about 32 to about 42. The composition according to claim 3, wherein said composition is a pharmaceutical preparation or a nutptional product 13 - The composition according to claim 12, wherein said composition is a nutpaonal product that also contains at least one other ingredient selected from the group consisting of amino acids, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, minerals, and FOS, dietary fibers and vitamins 14 - The composition according to claim 13, wherein the nut product is ready to be a liquid product of food 15 - The composition according to claim 14, wherein said antioxidants and the structured glyceptide component are present in the following amounts: a) 200-1000 IU of vitamin E per dose, b) 50-400 μg of selenium per dose, c) 500 mg-5 g of vitamin C per dose, d) 7 5-50 mg of ß-Carotene per dose, and h) 1-100 mg of said structured glyceride component per dose 16 - A method for reducing immune suppression in an animal caused by stress, said method comprises administering to said animal a composition according to claim 1 17 - A method for reducing the incidence of infection in an animal, said method comprises administering to said animal a composition according to claim 1 - A method for maintaining the immunological state of an animal, said method comprises administering to said animal a composition according to the claim 1 19 - A method to reduce an immune-mediated immune regulation induced by stress in an animal, said method comprises the administration to said animal of a composition according to claim 1 - A method for providing nuttional support to a stressed individual, comprising the administration of a composition according to claim 1 - A solid nut product which comprises a) the following antioxidants, present in an amount sufficient to mitigate the immune suppression induced by stress i) vitamin C, II) vitamin E, ni) selenium, iv) ß-carotene, b) a structured drug component, present in an amount sufficient to alleviate immune suppression induced by stress, where it contains some species of tpgl icéndo and at least 40% of the tpglicépdo species has (i) from about 33 to 70% by weight of alpha portions having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms, (n) from about 30 to 67% by weight of acyl portions having more than 12 carbon atoms, and (ni) a carbon equivalent number greater than 30 to less than 48, and c) a protein component providing from about 10 to about 50% of the total calories of the composition