MXPA00000981A - A CUTTING INSERT OF A CERMET HAVING A Co-Ni-Fe-BINDER - Google Patents

Abstract

A cutting insert (2) including a flank face (6), a rake face (4), and a cutting edge (8) at the intersection of the flank and rake faces that is useful in the chip forming machining of workpiece materials is disclosed. The cutting insert comprises a cermet comprising at least one hard component and about 3 wt.%to 19 wt.%Co-Ni-Fe-binder. The Co-Ni-Fe-binder is unique in that even when subjected to plastic deformation, the binder substantially maintains its face centered cubic (fcc) crystal structure and avoids stress and/or strain induced transformations.

Description

A CERAMETAL CUTTING INSERT WITH A Co-Ni-Fe BINDER BACKGROUND The present invention pertains to a cutting tool, such as, for example, a milling insert or a cutting insert, comprising an attack or side face, a sloping face and a cutting edge at the intersection of the attack or side faces and inclined, for the machining forming shavings of materials of a workpiece. In the case of a milling insert, such a cutting tool has typically been used to mill materials from a workpiece. In the case of the cutting insert, such cutting tool has been used to machine with the formation of chips, the materials of a workpiece. Most cutting tools, when made of a metal, comprise waxes of tungsten carbide (WC-cerametal), also known as tungsten carbide cemented with cobalt and C-Co. Here, a cobalt binder (Co-binder) cements the tungsten carbide particles together. Although WC-cerametals have achieved successful results as cutting tools, there are some disadvantages.

One disadvantage is that up to about 45 percent of the world's primary production of cobalt is located in politically unstable regions (for example, political regions that have experienced both peaceful and armed revolutions in the past decade and could still experience additional revolutions). . Approximately 15 percent of the annual primary cobalt market in the world is used in the manufacture of hard materials, including WC-waxes. Approximately 26 percent of the annual primary cobalt market in the world is used in the manufacture of superalloins developed for advanced aircraft turbine engines - a factor that contributes to the designation of cobalt as a strategic material. These factors not only contribute to the high cost of cobalt, but also explain the erratic fluctuations in the cost of cobalt. As a result, cobalt has been relatively expensive, which, in turn, has increased the cost of WC-wax inserts, which in turn has increased the cost of cutting tools. Such an increase in the cost of the cutting tools has been an undesirable consequence of the use of a Co binder for WC-wax inserts. Therefore, it would be desirable to reduce the cobalt of the binder of the cerametals. In addition, due to the larger cobalt reserves locations, there is the potential that the cobalt supply could be interrupted due to any number of causes. The unavailability of cobalt would, of course, be an undesirable case. Cutting inserts can operate on media that are corrosive. While WC-waxes having a Co-binder have been suitable in such corrosive media, the development of a cutting tool having improved corrosion resistance, without losing any of the performance of machining with chip formation, which remains as an objective. Although the use of WC-cerametals that have a Co-binder for cutting tools has been successful, there is a need to provide a material that does not have the disadvantages, that is, the cost and potential for unavailability, inherent in the use of cobalt, discussed above. There is also a need to develop a cutting tool for use in corrosive media, which has improved corrosion resistance, without losing any of the performance characteristics of cutting inserts made of WC-cerametals having a co-binder.

Brief Description of the Invention A cutting insert has been discovered, which comprises a cobalt-nickel-iron binder (Co-Ni-Fe binder), which has a metal cutting performance, mechanical properties and unexpected physical properties., on the prior art. The discovery is surprising in that the Co-Ni-Fe binder comprises a composition that is contrary to the teachings of the prior art. More particularly, the inventive cerametal for cutting tools comprises about 2 weight percent (% p), up to about 19% p of Co-Ni-Fe binder (a more typical range comprises about 5% to about 14% p, and a narrower typical range comprises about 5.5% to about 11% p) and about 81% to about 98% p of a hard component. The hard component comprises at least one of borides, carbides, nitrides, carbonitrides, oxides, silicides, their mixtures, their solid solutions, and combinations of the foregoing. Preferably, the hard component comprises at least one of carbides and carbonitrides, for example, such as tungsten carbide and / or titanium carbonitride, optionally with other carbides (eg, TaC, NbC, TiC, VC, Mo2C, Cr203) , present as simple carbides and / or in solid solution. Cutting tools for machining workpiece materials with formation of chips, such as metals, metal alloys, and compounds comprising one or more metals, polymers and ceramics, are composed of the above compositions. The cutting tools according to the present invention have a side or attack face and an inclined face, on which the shavings formed during machining flow with shavings. At the junction of the inclined face and the attack face, a cutting edge is formed, to cut the materials of the workpiece to form chips. The invention described illustratively here, can be practiced in an adequate manner in the absence of any element, step, component or ingredient, which is not specifically described herein.

DRAWINGS These and other features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will be better understood with reference to the following description, appended claims and accompanying drawings, wherein: FIGURE 1 shows a cutting tool embodiment according to the present invention, and FIGURE 2 shows an embodiment of a cutting tool with surfaces for the control of chips, molded integrally in the tool, according to the present invention.

DESCRIPTION In accordance with the present invention, FIGURE 1 shows an embodiment of an indexable cutting insert 2, composed of a cermet having a cobalt-nickel-iron binder (Co-Ni-Fe binder). The cutting insert 2 is used in the machining with shavings (eg, turning, milling, grooving and thread forming) of materials of a workpiece, including metals, polymers and compounds having a polymeric matrix or metallic This invention is preferably used in the machining of metal workpiece materials (see, for example, KENNAMETAL Lathe Tooling Catalog 6000 and KENNAMETAL Milling Catalog 5040), and is particularly useful in deburring and interrupted cutting of these workpiece materials. work, where a combination of high hardness and wear resistance is required. The cutting insert 2 has a sloping face 4, on which, the chips formed during high-speed machining of the materials of the workpiece, flow. Attached to the inclined surface 4 are the leading faces 6. At the junction of the inclined face 4 and the leading faces 6, a cutting edge 8 is formed to cut the materials of the workpiece. The cutting edge 8 may be in a condition whether pointed, sharp, beveled or in a beveled and sharp condition, depending on the application or requirements. The edge can be any of the styles or sizes of edges used in the industry. The cutting insert can also be made in standard shapes and sizes (for example, SNGN-434T, SNGN-436T, SPGN-633T, SPGN-634T, inserts can also be made with holes in them). For example, as described in FIGURE 2, the substrate may comprise an indexable cutting insert 10, comprising a polygonal body with an upper surface 12, a lower surface 14, and a peripheral wall with sides 16 and corners 18 that extend from the upper surface 12 to the lower surface 14. At the intersection of the peripheral wall and the upper surface 12, there is a cutting edge 20. The upper surface 12 comprises a contact area 22 which is attached to the cutting edge 20 and which is extends inward towards the center of the body. The contact area 22 is comprised of contact areas of the corner portion 24 and contact areas of the side portion 22. The top surface 12 also comprises a floor 28 between the contact area 22 and the center of the body, which is positioned at a lower elevation than the contact area 22. The upper surface 12 may further comprise inclined wall portions 30, inclined downward and inwardly from the contact area 22 to the floor 28. A plateau or plateaus 32 they can be positioned from the floor 28, separated from the inclined wall portions 30 and having inclined sides rising from the floor 28. Furthermore, the lower surface 14 of the body, can have characteristics similar to those described for the upper surface 12. Regardless of its shape, the wax 34 comprising an indexable cutting insert 10 may be coated at least partially with a coating scheme 36 and preferably a, in the portions in contact with the material to be machined and / or that has been machined. A cutting insert of the present invention can be used advantageously at cutting speeds, feeds and cutting depths (DOC) that are compatible with achieving the desired results. further, the cutting tools of the present invention can be used with or without a cutting or cooling fluid. The cerametal of which the cutting insert 2 of FIGURE 1, or the hard insert 10 of FIGURE 2, is made, is made of a cerametal comprising a cobalt-nickel-iron binder and at least one hard component. The Co-Ni-Fe binder is unique in that even when subjected to plastic deformation, the binder maintains its cubic crystalline structure centered on the face (fcc) and avoids the transformations induced by stress and / or tension. Applicants have measured resistance and fatigue performance in cerametals having Co-Ni-Fe binders up to as much as about 2400 megapascals (MPa), for flexural strength, and up to as much as about 1550 MPa for cyclic fatigue ( 200,000 cycles in flexion at room temperature). Applicants believe that phase transformations induced by stress and / or stress substantially do not occur in the Co-Ni-Fe binder up to those stress / strain levels that lead to superior performance. Applicants believe that in the broadest sense, the Co-Ni-Fe binder comprises at least about 40% p of cobalt, but not more than 90% p of cobalt, the remainder consisting of nickel and iron, and optionally, incidental impurities, with at least about 4% p of nickel, and at least about 4% p of iron. The Applicant believes that the Co-Ni-Fe binder comprising not more than about 36% p of Ni and not more than about 36% p of Fe is preferred.A preferred Co-Ni-Fe binder comprises about % pa 90% p of Co, the remainder consisting of nickel and iron, and optionally, incidental impurities, with at least about 4% to 36% p of Ni, about 4% to 36% p of Fe, and a ratio of Ni: Fe of about 1.5: 1 to 1: 1.5 A more preferred Co-Ni-Fe binder comprises about 40% pa 90% p Co, and a Ni: Fe ratio of about 1: 1. Another binder of Co-Ni-Fe even more preferred, comprises a cobalt: nickel: iron ratio of about 1.8: 1: 1. The range of the Co-Ni-Fe binder in the cerametal comprises about 2% to about 10% p. A more preferred range of Co-Ni-Fe binder comprises about 5% to about 14% p. An even more preferred range of the Co-Ni-Fe binder in the cerametal comprises about 5.5% p to about 11% p. "The hard component in the ceramic of the present invention may comprise borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides, silicides, their mixtures, their solid solutions (for example, carbonitrides ... etc.), or any combination of the above. The metal thereof may comprise one or more metals of groups 2, 3 (including the lanthanides and actinides), 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) Preferably, the hard component comprises one or more of carbides, nitrides, carbonitrides, their mixtures, their solid solutions or any combination thereof The metal of the carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides can comprise one or more metals of groups 3 (including lanthanides and actinides), 4, 5 and 6 of the IUPAC; preferably one or more of Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo and W; and more preferably one or more of Ti, Ta, Nb and W. In this context, the cerametals of the invention can be referred to as the composition that makes up the majority of the hard component. For example, if the majority of the hard component comprises a carbide, the cermet can be designated as a carbide-cermet. If the majority of the hard component comprises tungsten carbide (WC), the cermet can be designated as a tungsten carbide or WC-ceramide wax. Likewise, when the majority of the hard component comprises a carbonitride, the cermet can be designated as a carbonitride-ceramide. For example, when the majority of the hard component comprises titanium carbonitride, the cermet can be designated as a titanium-ceramide carbonitride or TiCN-ceramide. The grain size of the hard component comprises a wide range of about 0.1 micrometers (μm) to 40 μm. An average range for the grain size of the hard component comprises from about 0.5 μm to 10 μm. Another average range for the grain size of the hard component comprises about 1 μm and 5 μm. Applicants believe that the above ranges of the hard component grain size are particularly applicable to WC-cerametals having a Co-Ni-Fe binder.

The applicants contemplate that each increment between the end points of the ranges described herein, for example, binder content, binder composition, Ni: Fe ratio, grain size of the hard component, content of the hard component, ... etc. , is covered in the present as if it had been specifically established. For example, a binder content in the range of about 2% to 19% p encompasses approximately increments of 1% p, specifically including therefore about 2% p, 3% p, 4% p, ... 17% p, 18% p and 19% p of binder. While for example, for a binder composition, the cobalt content range of about 40% to 90% p encompasses approximately increments of 1% p, including therefore, specifically 40% p, 41% p, 42 p, ..., 88% p, 89 p and 90% p, while the content of nickel and iron varies from about 4% to 36% p, each encompassing approximately 1% p increases, including, therefore, specifically 4 % p, 5% p, 6% p, ..., 34% p, 35% p and 36% p. In addition, for example, a range of the Ni: Fe ratio of approximately 1.5: 1 to 1: 1.5 encompasses approximately increments of 0.1, including specifically 1.5: 1, 1.4: 1, ... 1: 1, ..., 1: 1.4, and 1: 1.5. In addition, for example, a grain size range of the hard component from about 0.1 μm to about 40 μm, encompasses approximately increments of μm, specifically including about 0.1 μm, 1 μm, 2 μm, 3 μm, ... 38 μm, 39 μm and 40 μm. A wax-cutting cutting tool of the present invention can be used with or without a coating. If the cutting tool is to be used with a coating, then the cutting tool is coated with a coating exhibiting suitable properties, such as, for example, lubricity, wear resistance, satisfactory adhesion to the metal, chemically inert with the materials of the workpiece at the material removal temperatures, and a coefficient of thermal expansion that is compatible with that of the cerametal (that is, compatible with the physico-chemical properties). The coating can be applied via CVD and / or PVD techniques. Examples of a coating material, which may comprise one or more layers of one or more different components, may be selected from the following, which are not intended to include all: alumina, zirconia, aluminum oxynitride, silicon oxynitride, SiAlON, the borides of the elements for groups 4, 5 and 6 of the IUPAC, the carbonitrides of the elements of groups 4, 5 and 6 of the IUPAC, including the titanium carbonitride, the nitrides of the elements of the groups 4, 5 and 6 of the IUPAC, including titanium nitride, the carbides of the elements of the elements of groups 4, 5 and 6 of the IUPAC, including titanium carbide, cubic boron nitride, silicon nitride, nitride carbon, aluminum nitride, diamond, diamond like carbon and aluminum and titanium nitride. The significant advantages of the present invention are further indicated by the following examples, which are intended to be merely illustrative of the present invention. As summarized in Table 1, a WC-ceramide having a Co-Ni-Fe binder of this invention, and a conventional comparative WC-ceramide, were produced using conventional powder-coating technology, as described in, for example. "World Directory and Manual of HARD METALS AND HARD MATERIALS" Sixth Edition, by Kenneth JA Brookes, International Carbide DATA (1996); "PRINCIPLES OF TUNGSTEN CARBIDE ENGINEERING", Second Edition, by George Schneider, Society of Carbide and Tool Engineers (1989); "Cermet-Handbook", Hertel AG, Werkzeuge + Hartstoffe, Fuerth, Bavaria, Germany (1993); and "CARBUROS CEMENTADOS", by P. Schwarzkopf & R. Kieffer, The Macmillan Company (1960) - the subject matter of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. In particular, Table 1 presents a summary of the nominal content of binder in percent by weight (% p), the nominal composition of the binder, and the composition and amount of the hard component (% p) for a composition of this invention and a comparative composition of the prior art. That is, the commercially available ingredients that were obtained for each of the compositions of the invention and conventional, as described in Table 1, were combined independently in a mill for attrition with hexane for homogeneous mixing over a period of time. 12 hours. After each mixture of homogeneously blended ingredients was dried in an appropriate manner, raw bodies having the form of cutting inserts and plates were pressed for evaluation of the properties. The green bodies were densified by pressure sintering (also known as HIP sintering) at about 1450 ° C for about 1.5 hours (during the last 10 minutes at about 1450 ° C, the furnace pressure was raised to about 4 MPa) . After the densification, the sintered bodies were processed, for example, by cutting, grinding and sharpening, to prepare specimens for the evaluation of the properties and of the cutting tool. Table 2 presents a summary of the results of the evaluation of the properties, including the density (g / cm3), the magnetic saturation (0.1 μTm3 / kg), the coercive force (Oe, measured substantially according to the International Standard ISO 3326 : Hard metals - Determination of (the magnetization) coercivity), hardness (Hv30, measured substantially according to the International Standard ISO 3878: ~~ Hard metals - Vickers hardness test), the resistance to transversal breakage (MPa, measure substantially in accordance with International Standard ISO 3327 / Type B: Hard Metals - Determination of resistance to transverse rupture) and porosity (measured substantially in accordance with International Standard ISO 4505: Hard metals - Metallographic determination of porosity and not combined carbon ) for the compositions of the invention and conventional of Table 1.

As mentioned above, the WC-ceramics of the invention and conventional of Table 1, were produced in the form of cutting inserts. In particular, the cutting insert style comprised the CNMG120412 (based on the International Standard ISO 1832: Indexable inserts for cutting tool - Designation). Some cutting inserts made from each of the WC-ceramics of the invention and conventional were tested using an interrupted cutting procedure that provided an evaluation of the comparative hardness in use. This interrupted cutting procedure (Leistendrehtest performed as substantially described by W. Konig, K. Gerschwiler, RV Haas, H. Kunz, J. Schneider, G. Kledt, R. Storf and A. Thelin in "Beurteilung des Záhigkeitsverhaltens von Schenidestoffen" im unterbrochenen Schnitt "VDI BERICHTE NR 762 (1989) starting on page 127 available from Verlag des Deutscher Ingenieure Dusseldorf, Germany) involved using a material of a workpiece with clamped bars, so that the cutting insert experienced an interrupted cut under the conditions summarized in Table 3. The test was performed so that the feed rate was increased by approximately 0.40 mm / rev. At 0.90 mm / rev. at increments of approximately 0.1 mm / rev, after the cutting insert experienced approximately 100 impacts at the designated feed rate. Five cutting inserts were tested for each WC-cerametal. All the cutting inserts of both WC-metal and the invention reached the feeding speed of approximately 0.90 mm / rev. without catastrophic failure.

Additionally, the cutting inserts comprising the WC-ceramics of the invention and conventional, were first coated with a layer of 4 μm of titanium carbonitride (TiCN), followed by a second layer of approximately 8 μm of aluminum oxide (A1203). ), both of which are applied by conventional chemical vapor deposition (CVD), commercially known. Five cutting inserts coated with TiCN CVD / A1203 CVD, from each WC-cerametal, were subjected to the comparative hardness test summarized in Table 3. As with the uncoated cutting inserts, the feed rate was increased until the cutting insert failure. The average feed rate at failure for the TiCN CVD / A1203 CVD coated cutting inserts, which comprise the WC-ceramide having the Co-Ni-Fe binder, was approximately 0.78 mm / rev. The average feed rate at failure for the cutting inserts coated with .TiCN CVD / A1203 CVD, which comprise the WC-ceramide having the Co binder, was approximately 0.74 mm / rev. Five cutting inserts coated with TiCN CVD / Al203 CVD, from each WC-cerametal were subjected to a comparative hardness test as summarized in Table 4, in which one edge of the cutting insert was subjected to approximately 18,000 impacts. All the CVD / A1203 CVD TiCN-coated cutting inserts, from both WC-ceramics, withstood approximately 18,000 impacts without catastrophic failure.

As summarized in Table 5, the TiCN-ceramides having a Co-Ni-Fe binder of this invention, and a comparative TiCN-Ceramide, which has a Co-Ni binder, were produced using conventional powder-coating technology , as described by, for example KJA Brookes; George Schneider, and P. Schwarzkopf et al. - mentioned above. In particular, Table 5 presents a summary of the nominal content of binder in percent by weight (% p), the nominal composition of the binder, and the composition and amount of the hard component (% p) for a TiCN-cerametal of this invention and a comparative composition of the prior art. That is, the commercially available ingredients that were obtained for each of the compositions of the invention and conventional, as described in Table 1, were combined independently in a mill for attrition with hexane for homogeneous mixing over a period of about 13 hours. After each mixture of homogeneously blended ingredients was dried in an appropriate manner, raw bodies having the form of cutting inserts and plates were pressed for evaluation of the properties. The green bodies were densified by pressure sintering (also known as HIP sintering) at about 1435 ° C for about 1.5 hours (during the last 10 minutes at about 1435 ° C, the furnace pressure was raised to about 4 MPa) . After the densification, the sintered bodies were processed, for example, by cutting, grinding and sharpening, to prepare specimens for the evaluation of the properties and of the cutting tool.

Table 6 represents a summary of the results of the evaluation properties, including the density (g / cm3), magnetic saturation (0.1 μTm3 / kg), coercive force (He, oersteds), Vickers hardness (HV30), resistance to transverse rupture (TRS in megapascal (MPa)), and porosity for TiCN-cerametals of the invention and conventional, of Table 5.

As mentioned above, the TiCN-metalmetals of the invention and conventional of Table 5, were produced in the form of cutting inserts. In particular, the cutting insert style comprised the CNMG120408 (based on the ISO 1832 International Standard: Indexable inserts for cutting tool - Designation). Some cutting inserts made from each of the TiCN-ceramides of the invention and conventional were tested using an interrupted cutting procedure that provided an evaluation of the comparative hardness in use. This interrupted cutting procedure involved using a material from a workpiece with clamped bars, so that the cutting insert underwent interrupted cutting under the conditions summarized in Table 7. The test was performed so that the feed rate was increased from approximately 0.10 mm / rev. to rupture, at increments of approximately 0.05 mm / rev, after the cutting insert experienced approximately 100 impacts at the designated feed rate. Five cutting inserts of each composition were tested. Additional cutting inserts were tested in a turning test, in which the cutting speed increased continuously until the inserts failed.

The patents and other documents identified herein, including the United States patent application entitled A CERAMETAL WHICH HAS A BINDER WITH IMPROVED PLASTICITY, "by Hans-Wilm Heinrich, Manfred Wolf, Dieter Schmidt, and Uwe Schleinkofer (the applicants of the present application), which was filed on the same date as the present patent application, and assigned to Kennametal Inc. (the same assignee as the assignee of the present patent application), are incorporated, therefore, here As a reference, other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the consideration of the specification or practice of the invention described herein.It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as illustrative only, with the true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.

Claims (30)

1. CHAPTER CLAIMEDICATORÍO Having described the invention, it is considered as a novelty and, therefore, the content is claimed in the following: CLAIMS: 1. A cutting insert for machining with shavings of materials of a workpiece, the cutting insert is characterized in that it comprises: a sloping face, on which the chips formed during machining flow with shavings of the one-piece materials of work; an attack or side face; a cutting edge, for cutting the materials of the workpiece to form chips, formed at the junction of the inclined face and the attack face; and a cerametal comprising at least one hard component and about 2% to 19% p of a Co-Ni-Fe binder comprising from about 40% to 90% p cobalt, the remainder consisting of nickel and iron, and optionally, incidental impurities, with at least about 4% to 36% p of nickel, about 4% to 36% p of iron, and a Ni: Fe ratio of about 1.5: 1 to 1: 1.5.
2. 2. The cutting insert according to claim 1, characterized in that the wax comprises from about 5% p to 14% p of a binder.
3. 3. The cutting insert according to claim 1, characterized in that the cermet comprises from about 5.5% p to 11 p of a binder. The cutting insert according to claim 1, characterized in that the Co-Ni-Fe binder comprises a face-centered cubic structure (fcc) which substantially maintains its fcc structure and does not undergo stress-induced transformations when subject to plastic deformation. The cutting insert according to claim 1, characterized in that the Co-Ni-Fe binder comprises approximately 46% p to 57% p cobalt. The cutting insert according to claim 1, characterized in that the Co-Ni-Fe binder comprises about 40% p to 90% p cobalt and a Ni: Fe ratio of about 1: 1. The cutting insert according to claim 3, characterized in that the Co-Ni-Fe binder comprises a cobalt: nickel: iron ratio of about 1.8: 1: 1. The cutting insert according to claim 1, characterized in that the hard component has a grain size comprising from about 0.1 μm to 40 μm. The cutting insert according to claim 1, characterized in that the hard component has a grain size comprising from about 0.5 μm to 10 μm. The cutting insert according to claim 1, characterized in that the hard component has a grain size comprising from about 1 μm to 5 μm. 11. A cutting tool for machining with shavings of materials of a workpiece, the cutting tool is characterized in that it comprises: an inclined face, on which the chips formed during the machining process with shavings formation of the materials flow. of a piece of work; an attack or side face; a cutting edge, for cutting the materials of the workpiece to form chips, formed at the junction of the inclined face and the attack face; and a WC-ceramide comprising tungsten carbide and about 2% to 19% p of a Co-Ni-Fe binder comprising from about 40% to 90% p cobalt, the remainder consisting of nickel and iron, and optionally, incidental impurities, with at least about 4% to 36% p of nickel, about 4% to 36% p of iron, and a Ni: Fe ratio of about 1.5: 1 to 1: 1.5. The cutting tool according to claim 11, characterized in that the WC-ceramide comprises from about 5% p to 14% p of a binder. The cutting tool according to claim 11, characterized in that the WC-cermet comprises from about 5.5% p to 11% p of a binder. The cutting tool according to claim 11, characterized in that the Co-Ni-Fe binder comprises a face-centered cubic structure (fcc) which substantially maintains its fcc structure and does not undergo strain-induced transformations when subjected to plastic deformation. The cutting tool according to claim 11, characterized in that the Co-Ni-Fe binder comprises approximately 46% p to 57% p cobalt. The cutting tool according to claim 11, characterized in that the Co-Ni-Fe binder comprises about 40% p to 90% p cobalt and a Ni: Fe ratio of about 1: 1. The cutting tool according to claim 11, characterized in that the Co-Ni-Fe binder comprises a cobalt: nickel: iron ratio of about 1.8: 1: 1. The cutting tool according to claim 11, characterized in that the tungsten carbide has a grain size comprising from about 0.1 μm to 40 μm. The cutting tool according to claim 11, characterized in that the tungsten carbide has a grain size comprising from about 0.5 μm to 10 μm. The cutting tool according to claim 11, characterized in that the tungsten carbide has a grain size comprising from about 1 μm to 5 μm. 21. A cutting tool for machining with shavings of materials of a workpiece, the cutting tool is characterized in that it comprises: a sloping face, on which the shavings formed during machining flow with formation of chips of the materials of a piece of work; an attack or side face; a cutting edge, for cutting the materials of the workpiece to form chips, formed at the junction of the inclined face and the attack face; and a TiCN-ceramide comprising titanium carbonitride and about 2% to 19% p of a Co-Ni-Fe binder comprising from about 40% to 90% p cobalt, the remainder of the binder consists of nickel and iron , and optionally, incidental impurities, with at least about 4% to 36% p of nickel, about 4% to 36% p of iron, and a Ni: Fe ratio of about 1.5: 1 to 1: 1.5. The cutting tool according to claim 21, characterized in that the TiCN-ceramide comprises from about 5% p to 14% p of a binder. 23. The cutting tool according to claim 21, characterized in that the TiCN-ceramide comprises from about 5.5% p to 11% p of a binder. 24. The cutting tool according to claim 21, characterized in that the Co-Ni-Fe binder comprises a face-centered cubic structure (fcc) that substantially maintains its fcc structure and does not undergo strain-induced transformations when subject to plastic deformation. The cutting tool according to claim 21, characterized in that the Co-Ni-Fe binder comprises approximately 46% p to 57% p cobalt. 26. The cutting tool according to claim 21, characterized in that the Co-Ni-Fe binder comprises approximately 40 Ip to 90% p cobalt and a Ni: Fe ratio of approximately 1: 1. 27. The cutting tool according to claim 21, characterized in that the Co-Ni-Fe binder comprises a cobalt: nickel: iron ratio of about 1.8: 1: 1. The cutting tool according to claim 21, characterized in that - the tungsten carbide has a grain size comprising from about 0.1 μm to 40 μm. 29. The cutting tool according to claim 21, characterized in that the titanium carbide has a grain size comprising from about 0.5 μm to 10 μm. The cutting tool according to claim 21, characterized in that the titanium carbide has a grain size comprising from about 1 μm to 5 μm.