MX2013014365A

MX2013014365A - Composition.

Info

Publication number: MX2013014365A
Application number: MX2013014365A
Authority: MX
Inventors: Maja Duelund; Allan Torben Bech; Jens Mogens Nielsen
Original assignee: Dupont Nutrition Biosci Aps
Priority date: 2011-06-29
Filing date: 2012-06-29
Publication date: 2014-01-31
Also published as: EP2726579A1; CN103619999A; MA35176B1; DK2726579T3; CN103619999B; PL2726579T3; ZA201309110B; BR112013033666A2; CA2839237A1; JP2014518303A; LT2726579T; KR20140061366A; EP2726579B1; NZ618376A; SG195249A1; AU2012277783A1; US20140318004A1; WO2013001064A1; RU2014102771A; GB201111029D0

Abstract

The present invention provides a fuel composition comprising: (a) a fuel; and (b) a polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid; wherein the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises a mixture of diglycerol in an amount of 11.0 to 34.0 weight% based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; triglycerol in an amount of 9.5 to 24.5 weight% based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; tetraglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 21.0 weight% based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; pentaglycerol in an amount of 3.5 to 19.0 weight% based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; hexaglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 13.5 weight% based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; heptaglycerol in an amount of 5.0 to 13.0 weight% based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; octaglycerol in an amount of 3.0 to 12.0 weight% based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; nonaglycerol in an amount of 1.5 to 10.0 weight% based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; decaglycerol in an amount of 0.0 to 8.0 weight% based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; and unadecaglycerol in an amount of 0.0 to 7.0 weight% based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols.

Description

COMPOSITION i i | DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a composition.

In particular, the present invention relates to fuel compositions having reduced nitrogen oxide emissions when burned.

As described in US 7,491,247, environmental considerations and government regulations have increased the need to reduce the production of nitrogen oxide (NOx). Nitrogen oxides comprise a large smog irritant and are thought to contribute ozone tropospheric that is a known threat to health.

Relatively high flame temperatures reached in internal combustion engines, for example engines at diesel fuel, increase the trend for the production of nitrogen oxide (NOx). These are formed both from the combination of nitrogen and oxygen in the combustion chamber and from the oxidation of organic nitrogen species in the fuel. i Various methods to reduce NOx production include the use of catalytic converters, motor synchronization changes, exhaust recirculation and burning; "clean" fuels. These methods are usually very expensive and / or very complicated to be put into use I Ref. 245433 widely disseminated. The speeds at which NOx is formed are related to the flame temperature; a small reduction in the flame temperature can result in a large reduction in the production of nitrogen oxides.

It has been shown that introducing water into the combustion zone can lower the flame temperature and thus reduce the production of NOx, however the direct injection of water requires costly and complicated changes in the design of the engine. Additional attempts to use water to reduce the flame temperature include the use of aqueous fuels, that is, they incorporate both water and fuel into an emulsion. Problems that may arise from the long-term use of aqueous fuels include precipitate positions that include ionic coalescing species that result in plugging of filters and inorganic post-combustion deposits that result in fouling of the turbo. Another problem related to aqueous fuel compositions is that they (commonly require substantial modifications to the engine, such as the addition of inline homogenizers, thus limiting their commercial utility.

Another method for introducing water into the combustion area is to use fuel emulsions in which the water is emulsified in a continuous phase of fuel, ie, inverted fuel emulsions. A problem with These inverted fuel emulsions are to obtain and maintain the stability of the emulsion under conventional conditions of use. The separation by gravitational phase (during storage) and high temperature, high pressure / phase separation by shear flow rate (in a working motor) of these emulsions present the main obstacle preventing their commercial use.

DE-A-3229918 teaches the preparation of emulsions of 25% by weight of water in diesel oil using emulsifier which are polyesters of saturated or unsaturated fatty acids having 8-22 carbon atoms. Emulsifiers include polyglycerol esters, sorbitan esters or diacetyltartaric acid esters of glycerol esters of fatty acids. The emulsifiers are dosed into the fuel compositions in amounts of 0.65 to 1.6% by weight. Diesel emulsions are taught as stable for at least six months and, compared to pure diesel oil used in engines, give better fuel economy, less coke deposition and lower CO and hydrocarbon content in the exhaust . In such a system, the emulsifier is potentially the most expensive component and the dosage at the high levels of this document, such as at 1.6% by weight would be expensive to use and potentially not commercially viable.

The present invention solves the problems associated with the use of fuel emulsion compositions by providing a stable fuel emulsion composition with beneficial reduction in NQx emissions using commercially viable amounts of emulsifier.

The present invention alleviates the problems of the prior art.

In one aspect the present invention provides a fuel composition comprising: 1 (a) a fuel; Y (b) a polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid; wherein the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises a mixture of diglycerol in an amount of 11.0 to 34.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; triglycerol in an amount of 9.5 to 24.5% by weight based on; the combined weight of polyglycerols; tetraglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 21.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; pentaglycerol in an amount of 3.5 to 19.0% by weight based on the combined weight of 1 polyglycerols; hexaglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 13.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; heptaglycerol in an amount of 5.0 to 13.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; octaglycerol in an amount of 3.0 to 12.0% by weight based on in the combined weight of polyglycerols; nonaglycerol in an amount of 1.5 to 10.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; decaglycerol in an amount of 0.0 to 8.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols and a deglycerol in an amount of 0.0 to 7.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols.

In one aspect the present invention provides a method for improving the stability of a fuel composition containing (a) fuel and (c) water, the method comprises mixing with fuel and water, (b) a polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid; wherein the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises a mixture of diglycerol in an amount of 11.0 to 34.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; triglycerol in an amount of 9.5 to 24.5% by weight based on, the combined weight of the polyglycerols; tetraglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 21.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; pentaglycerol in an amount of 3.5 to 19.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; hexaglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 13. 5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; heptaglicerol in an amount of 5.0 to 13.0% in weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; octaglycerol in an amount of 3.0 to 12.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; nonaglycerol in an amount of 1.5 to 10.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; decaglycerol in an amount of 0.0 to 8.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols and a decaglycerol in an amount of 0.0 to 7.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols.

In one aspect the present invention provides a method for preparing a fuel composition such as defined herein, the kit comprises a polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid as described herein; along with instructions for use in the I Preparation of a fuel composition containing fuel and water.

In one aspect the present invention provides the use of a polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid to improve the stability of a fuel composition containing fuel and water; Wherein the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises a mixture of i diglycerol in an amount of 11.0 to 34.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; triglycerol in an amount of 9.5 to 24.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; tetraglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 21.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; pentaglycerol in an amount of 3.5 to 19.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; hexaglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 13.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; heptaglycerol in an amount of 5.0 to 13.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; octaglycerol in an amount of 3.0 to 12.0% by weight based on. the combined weight of polyglycerols; nonaglycerol in an amount of 1.5 to 10.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; decaglycerol in an amount of 0.0 to 8.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols and a deglycerol in an amount of 0.0 to 7.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols.

It has been shown that when a polyglycerol composition is used which has predominantly a polyglycerol present, such as diglycerol or triglycerol, then the polyglycerol composition must be present in a significantly higher amount to provide a stable fuel / water emulsion. during storage. In contrast, we have surprisingly found that having a wide variety of polyglycerols present in a polyglycerol composition, and in particular the specific ranges described herein, then a lower and therefore commercially viable amount of emulsifiers can be used by still providing a fuel and water emulsion which is stable for the required period in use, such as 3 hours. The "flat" distribution of polyglycerols allows this improved effect at low doses. By flat distribution it is meant that the polyglycerols contain a wide variety of polyglycerol chain lengths and the wide variety of polyglycerols are present in such an amount that only a few polyglycerol chain lengths dominate the distribution of the polyglycerols. For example, in a flat distribution one or two polyglycerol chain lengths do not constitute 70 or 80% of the total amount of < polyglycerols.

For ease of reference these and additional aspects of the present invention are now described under appropriate section headers. However, the teachings under each section are not necessarily limited to each particular section.

Composition As previously mentioned, in one aspect the present invention provides a fuel composition comprising: ; (a) a fuel, and (b) a polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid; wherein the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises a mixture of diglycerol in an amount of 11.0 to 34.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; triglycerol in an amount of 9.5 to 24.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; tetraglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 21.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; pentaglycerol in an amount of 3.5 to 19.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; hexaglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 13.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; heptaglycerol in an amount of 5.0 to 13.0% in, weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; octaglycerol in an amount of 3.0 to 12.0% by weight based on, the combined weight of the polyglycerols; nonaglycerol in an amount of 1.5 to 10.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; decaglycerol in an amount of: 0.0 to 8.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols and a decaglycerol in an amount of 0.0 to 7.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols Polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid (As understood by a person skilled in the art polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid is an emulsifier comprising a polyglycerol backbone in which side chains of fatty acid are attached.

The polyglycerol fatty acid esters are typically prepared by polymerizing glycerol to provide one or more polyglycerols in which the fatty acids are subsequently fixed. Fatty acids are usually fixed by one of two routes. A first route includes the direct fixation of the fatty acid to the polyglycerol. The second route includes inter-esterifying a polyglycerol and a triglyceride thereby transferring fatty acids from the triglyceride to the polyglycerol. The polymerization of glycerol typically provides a mixture of polyglycerols of different degrees of polymerization. The mixture of polyglycerols of different degrees of polymerization is described herein as a polyglycerol composition. It will be understood by one skilled in the art that references to a polyglycerol composition having particular polyglycerol components require only that these components be present in the specified amount. It will be appreciated by one skilled in the art that due to the polymerization nature of glycerol, the polyglycerol composition may contain other polyglycerols having polymerization grades not mentioned herein. In determining the amounts of polyglycerols in the polyglycerol composition, the total amount of all polyglycerols (notwithstanding the degree of polymerization) is determined to provide the total weight of the polyglycerol composition. Materials that are not a polyglycerol are not part of the polyglycerol composition and their weight is not considered when determining the total weight of the polyglycerol composition.

References in the present description to "the combined weight of the polyglycerols" encompass the total combined weight of all polyglycerols, notwithstanding their chain length and yet whether the polyglycerol is described in the list of polyglycerols.

As described herein, the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises a mixture of diglycerol in an amount of 11.0 to 34.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; triglycerol in an amount of 9.5 to 24.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; tetraglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 21.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols pentaglycerol in an amount of 3.5 to 19.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; hexaglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 13.5% by weight based on weight combined polyglycerols; heptaglycerol in an amount of 5.0 to 13.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; octaglycerol in an amount of 3.0 to 12.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; nonaglycerol in an amount of 1.5 to 10.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; decaglycerol in an amount of 0.0 to 8.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols and a deglycerol in an amount of 0.0 to 7.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols.

It will be appreciated by one skilled in the art that the polyglycerols can be either in the form of a cyclic polyglycerol or an acyclic polyglycerol. The acyclic polyglycerols are straight chain and branched chain polyglycerols, ie the acyclic polyglycerols are formed completely from linked glycerol groups in such a way that no rings are formed. The cyclic polyglycerols contain an annular structure. References in the present description to a polyglycerol of a particular degree of polymerization, for example triglycerol in reference to a polyglycerol having a degree of polymerization of 3, including both polyglycerol in cyclic form and in acyclic form. We have also determined the preferred amounts of cyclic polyglycerols and add them for each of diglycerol, triglycerol, tetraglycerol and pentaglycerol. In a preferred aspect the diglycerol comprises acrylic diglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 25.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic diglycerol in an amount of 5.0 to 13.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect the triglycerol comprises acyclic triglycerol in an amount of 7.0 to 21.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic triglycerol in an amount of 2.5 to 9.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect tetraglycerol comprises acyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 5.5 to 15.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 0.5 to 8.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect the pentaglycerol comprises acyl pentaglycerol in an amount of 3.0 to 11.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 0.5 to 8.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols.

In a preferred aspect the diglycerol comprises acyclic diglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 25.0% by weight based on the combined weight of. polyglycerols, and cyclic diglycerol in an amount of 5.0 to 13.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; triglycerol comprises acyclic triglycerol in an amount of 7.0 to 21.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols and cyclic triglycerol in an amount of 2.5 to 9.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; tetraglycerol comprises acyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 5.5 to 15.0% by weight based on weight i combined polyglycerols and cyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 0.5 to 8.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; Y the pentaglycerol comprises acyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 3.0 to 11.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols and cyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 0.5 to 8.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols.

I , In a preferred aspect, the diglycerol comprises acyclic diglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 15.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic diglycerol in an amount of 5.0 to 13.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect the triglycerol comprises acyclic triglycerol in an amount of 7.0 to 15.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols and cyclic triglycerol in an amount of 2.5 to 9.5% by weight based on weight combined polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect, the tetraglycerol comprises acyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 5.0 to 13.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols and cyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 0.5 to 8.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect the pentaglycerol comprises acyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 3.0 to 11.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 0.5 to 8.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols.

In a preferred aspect the diglycerol comprises acyclic diglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 15.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic diglycerol in an amount of 5.5 to 13.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect, triglycerol comprises acyclic triglycerol in an amount of 7.0 to 15.0% by weight based on. combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic triglycerol in an amount of 2.5 to 9.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect the tetraglycerol comprises acyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 5.0 to 13.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 0.5 to 8.0% by weight based on the weight combined polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect, the pentaglycerol comprises acyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 3.0 to 11.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 0.5 to 8.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols.

I ; In a preferred aspect I The diglycerol comprises acyclic diglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 15.0% by weight based on the combined weight i of the polyglycerols, and cyclic diglycerol in an amount of 2.5 to 9.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols 1 triglycerol comprises acyclic triglycerol in an amount of 7.0 to 15.0% by weight based on weight i combined polyglycerols and cyclic triglycerol in an amount of 2.5 to 9.5% by weight based on the combined weight of? polyglycerols; The tetraglycerol comprises acyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 5.0 to 13.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols and cyclic tetraglycerol in one! amount of 0.5 to 8.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; Y ; the pentaglycerol comprises acyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 3.0 to 11.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols and cyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 0.5 to 8.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols.

In a preferred aspect the diglycerol comprises acyclic diglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 15.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic diglycerol in an amount of 5.5 to 13.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; triglycerol comprises acyclic triglycerol in an amount of 7.0 to 15.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols and cyclic triglycerol in an amount of 2.5 to 9.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; the tetraglycerol comprises acyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 5.0 to 13.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols and cyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 1.0 to 8.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; Y the pentaglycerol comprises acyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 3.0 to 11.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols and cyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 0.5 to 8.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols.

In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises a mixture of acyclic diglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 15.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic diglycerol in an amount of 5.5 to 13.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; acyclic triglycerol in an amount of 7.0 to 15.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols and cyclic triglycerol in an amount of 2.5 to 9.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; acyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 5.0 to 13.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols and cyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 0.5 to '; 8.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; Y acyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 3.0 to 11.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols and cyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 0.5 to 8.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols I , hexaglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 13.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols heptaglicerol in an amount of 5.0 to 13.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols octaglycerol in an amount of 4.0 to 12.0% by weight co based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols nonaglycerol in an amount of 2.0 to 10.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols decaglycerol in an amount of 0.5 to 8.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; Y a decaglycerol in an amount of 0.1 to 7.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols.

In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises a mixture of acyclic diglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 15.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic diglycerol in an amount of 5.5 to 13.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; acyclic triglycerol in an amount of 7.0 to 15.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols and cyclic triglycerol in an amount of 2.5 to 9.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; acyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 5.0 to 13.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols and cyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 1.0 to 8.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; Y ; acyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 3.0 to 11.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols and cyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 0.5 to 8.0% by weight based on the combined weight of polyglycerols hexaglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 13.5% by weight based on the combined weight of polyglycerols heptaglicerol in an amount of 5.0 to 13.0% in terms of weight based on the combined weight of polyglycerols octaglycerol in an amount of 4.0 to 12.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols ; nonaglycerol in an amount of 2.0 to 10.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols decaglycerol in an amount of 0.5 to 8.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; Y and a decaglycerol in an amount of 0.1 to 7.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols.

In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises diglycerol in an amount of 15.0 to 23. 5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises triglycerol in an amount of 13.5 to 20.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises tetraglycerol in an amount of 10.0 to 17. 0% by weight based on the combined weight of the poliglycerols. In a preferred aspect the composition of ppliglycerol used to form the polyglycerol ester of an fatty acid comprises pentaglycerol in an amount of 8.0 to 14. 5% by weight based on the combined weight of the I poligliceroles. In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a I fatty acid comprises hexaglycerol in an amount of 8.0 to I 11. 5% by weight based on the combined weight of the poliglycerols. In a preferred aspect the poliglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises heptaglycerol in an amount of 7.5 to 11. 0% by weight based on the combined weight of the i poligliceroles. In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises octaglycerol in an amount of 6.5 to 1. 10. 0% by weight based on the combined weight of the poliglycerols. In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises nonaglycerol in an amount of 4.0 to 8. 0% by weight based on the combined weight of the poliglycerols. In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises decaglycerol in an amount of 1.5 to 6.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises a decaglycerol in an amount of 0.5 to 5.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols.

In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises a mixture of I i the polyglycerol composition used to form the I polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises diglycerol in an amount of 15.0 to 23.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises triglycerol in an amount of 13.5 to 20.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; i the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises tetraglycerol in an amount of 10.0 to 17.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises pentaglycerol in an amount of 8.0 to 14.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; i the polyglycerol composition used to form the The polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises hexaglycerol in an amount of 8.0 to 11.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; ; the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises heptaglycerol in an amount of 7.5 to 11.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises octaglycerol in an amount of 6.5 to 10.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises nonaglycerol in an amount of 4-0 to 8.0% by weight based on; the combined weight of polyglycerols; the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises decaglycerol in an amount of 1.5 to 6.0% by weight based on, the combined weight of the polyglycerols; The polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises a decaglycerol in an amount of 0.5 to 5.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. i In a preferred aspect the diglycerol comprises acyclic diglycerol in an amount of 8.0 to 12.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic diglycerol in an amount of 7.5 to 11.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect the triglycerol comprises acyclic triglycerol in an amount of 9.0 to 13.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic triglycerol in an amount of 4.5 to 7.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect tetraglycerol comprises acyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 7.5 to 11.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 2.5 to 6.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect the pentaglycerol comprises acyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 5.0 to 9.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 2.5 to 6.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols.

; In a preferred aspect 1 the diglycerol comprises acyclic diglycerol in an amount of 8.0 to 12.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic diglycerol in an amount of 7.5 to 11.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; 'triglycerol comprises acyclic triglycerol in an amount of 9.0 to 13.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic triglycerol in an amount of 4.5 to 7.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; the tetraglycerol comprises acyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 7.5 to 11.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 2.5 to 6.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; Y the pentaglycerol comprises acyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 5.0 to 9.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic pentaglycerol in amount of 2.5 to 6.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols.

In a preferred aspect the glycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises a mixture of acyclic diglycerol in an amount of 8.0 to 12.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic diglycerol in an amount of 7.5 to 11.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; acyclic triglycerol in an amount of 9.0 to 13.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic triglycerol in an amount of 4.5 to 7.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; acyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 7.5 to 11.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the p-glycerol, and cyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 2% to 6.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; Y ; acyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 5.0 to 9l or% by weight based on the combined weight of the poliglycerols, and cyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 2. 5 to 6.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the poliglycerols, i I the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises x-glycerol in an amount of 8.0 to 11.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the poliglycerols; i the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises heptaglycerol in an amount of 7.5 to 11.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the poliglycerols; I the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises octaglycerol in an amount of 6.5 to 10.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the poliglycerols; The polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises 1 nonaglycerol in an amount of 4.0 to 8.0% by weight based on in the combined weight of polyglycerols; the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises decaglycerol in an amount of 1.5 to 6.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; The polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises a decaglycerol in an amount of 0.5 to 5.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols.

In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises diglycerol in an amount of 17.6 to 21.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises triglycerol in an amount of 15.9 to 18.1% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises tetraglycerol in an amount of 12.5 to 14.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect the composition of I polyglycerol used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises pentaglycerol in an amount of 10.5 to 12.2% by weight based on the combined weight of the poligliceroles. In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises hexaglycerol in an amount of 9.3 to 10.1% by weight based on the combined weight of the poliglycerols. In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises heptaglycerol in an amount of 8.6 to 9.9% by weight based on the combined weight of the I I poligliceroles. In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises octaglycerol in an amount of 7.3 to 819% by weight based on the combined weight of the poliglycerols. In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises nonaglycerol in an amount of 5.5 to 6.4% by weight based on the combined weight of the poliglycerols. In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a I The fatty acid comprises decaglycerol in an amount of 2.9 to 4.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the poliglycerols. In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises a decaglycerol in an amount of 1.8 to 3.7% by weight based on the combined weight of the poliglycerols.

In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises a mixture of the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises diglycerol in an amount of 17.6 to 21.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises triglycerol in an amount of 15.0 to 18.1% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; 1 the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises tetraglycerol in an amount of 12.5 to 14.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; the polyglycerol composition used to form the ester polyglycerol of a fatty acid comprises pentaglycerol in an amount of 10.5 to 12.2% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; j the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises hexaglycerol in an amount of 9.3 to 10.1% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises heptaglycerol in an amount of 8.6 to 9.9% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises octaglycerol in an amount of 7.3 to 8.9% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises n-glycerol in an amount of 5.5 to 6.4% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises decaglycerol in an amount of 2.9 to 4.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; The polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises a decaglycerol in an amount of 1.8 to 3.7% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols.

In a preferred aspect the diglycerol comprises acyclic diglycerol in an amount of 9.1 to 11.4% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic diglycerol in an amount of 8.5 to 9.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect the triglycerol comprises acyclic triglycerol in an amount of 10.0 to 11.8% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic triglycerol in an amount of 5.9 to 6.3% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect tetraglycerol comprises acyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 8.4 to 9.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 4.1 to 4.4% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect the pentaglycerol comprises acyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 6.7 to 7.6% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 3.8 to 4.6% by weight based on the combined weight of; the polyglycerols.

In a preferred aspect the diglycerol comprises acyclic diglycerol in an amount of 9.1 to 11.4% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic diglycerol in an amount of; 8.5 to 9.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; , triglycerol comprises acyclic triglycerol in an amount of 10.0 to 11.8% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic triglycerol in an amount of 5.9 to 6.3% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; : tetraglycerol comprises acyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 8.4 to 9.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 4.1 to 4.4% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; Y the pentaglycerol comprises acyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 6.7 to 7.6% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 3.8 to 4.6% by weight based on weight i combined polyglycerols.

In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises a mixture of acyclic diglycerol in an amount of 9.1 to 11.4% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and 1 cyclic diglycerol in an amount of 8.5 to 9.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; acyclic triglycerol in an amount of 10.0 to 11.8% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic triglycerol in an amount of 5.9 a! 6.3% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; ! acyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 8.4 a 9. 5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 4.:1 to 4.4% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; Y acyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 6.7 to 7; 6% by weight based on the combined weight of the poliglycerols, and cyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 3.8 to 4.6% by weight based on the combined weight of the poliglycerols, , the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises hexaglycerol in an amount of 9.3 to 10.1% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises heptaglycerol in an amount of 8.6 to 9.9% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises octaglycerol in an amount of 7.3 to 8.9% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises nonaglycerol in an amount of 5.5 to 6.4% by weight based on: the combined weight of the polyglycerols; the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises decaglycerol in an amount of 2.9 to 4.5% by weight based on in the combined weight of polyglycerols; The polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises a decaglycerol in an amount of 1.8 to 3.7% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols.

In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises diglycerol in an amount of 18.0 to 3.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises triglycerol in an amount of 16.0 to 24.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises tetraglycerol in an amount of 12.0 to 16.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises pentaglycerol in an amount of 8.0 to 1210% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises hexaglycerol in an amount of 7.0 to 11.% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises heptaglycerol in an amount of 5.0 to 10.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises octaglycerol in an amount of 3.0 to 9 0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises nonaglycerol in an amount of 1.5 to 7.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises decaglycerol in an amount of 0.0 to 4. 5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises a decaglycerol in an amount of 0.0 to 4.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols.

In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises a mixture of diglycerol in an amount of 18.0 to 32.0% by weight based on the combined weight of polyglycerols; I triglycerol in an amount of 16.0 to 24.0% by weight basis in the combined weight of the polyglycerols; tetraglycerol in an amount of 12.0 to 16.0% based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; pentaglycerol in an amount of 8.0 to 12.0% based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; hexaglycerol in an amount of 7.0 to 11.0% by weight i based on the combined weight of polyglycerols; ! heptaglycerol in an amount of 5.0 to 10.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; octaglycerol in an amount of 3.0 to 9.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; ! nonaglicerol in an amount of 1.5 to 7.0% by weight I based on the combined weight of polyglycerols; ! decaglycerol in an amount of 0.0 to 4.5% by weight c, based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols and ! a decaglycerol in an amount of 0.0 to 4.0% in ! weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols.

In a preferred aspect the diglycerol comprises acyclic diglycerol in an amount of 9.0 to 24.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic diglycerol in an amount of 6.5 to 10.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect triglycerol comprises triglycerol acyclic in an amount of 9.0 to 20.5% by weight based on the 'combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic triglycerol in an amount of 3.5 to 6.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect, the tetraglycerol comprises acyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 8.0 to 13.5% by weight based on the weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic tetraglycerol on the polyglycerol. an amount of 2.0 to 4.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect the pentaglycerol comprises acyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 9.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 9.0 to 5.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols.

In a preferred aspect, in the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid i diglycerol comprises acyclic diglycerol in an amount of 9.0 to 24.5% by weight based on the combined weight 1 of the polyglycerols, and cyclic diglycerol in an amount of 6.5 to 10.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; triglycerol comprises acyclic triglycerol in an amount of 9.0 to 20.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols and cyclic triglycerol in a amount of 3.5 to 6.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; the tetraglycerol comprises acyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 8.0 to 13.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols and cyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 2.0 to 4.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; Y The pentaglycerol comprises acyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 9.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols and cyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 2.0 to 5.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols.

In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises a mixture of acyclic diglycerol in an amount of 9.0 to 24.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic diglycerol in an amount of 6.5 to 10.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; j acyclic triglycerol in an amount of 9.0 to 20.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic triglycerol in an amount of 3.5 to 6.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; acyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 8.0 to 3.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 2. 0 to 4.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; Y acyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 9.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 2. 0 to 5.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. hexaglycerol in an amount of 7.0 to 11.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; heptaglycerol in an amount of 5.0 to 10.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; octaglycerol in an amount of 3.0 to 9.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; , nonaglycerol in an amount of 1.5 to 7.0% by weight cbn base in the combined weight of the polyglycerols; Decaglycerol in an amount of 0.0 to 4.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; Y a decaglycerol in an amount of 0.0 to 4.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols.

In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises diglycerol in an amount of 26.0 to 34.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect the composition of polyglycerol used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises triglycerol in an amount of 21.0 to 25. 0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises tetraglycerol in an amount of 12.0 to 17.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises pentaglycerol in an amount of 8.0 to 12.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises hexaglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 1.0.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect the pyroliglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises heptaglycerol in an amount of 4.5 to 7.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises octaglycerol in an amount of 2.5 to 5.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises nonaglycerol in an amount of 1.0 to 3.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the glycerol. In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of an The fatty acid comprises decaglycerol in an amount of 0.0 to by weight based on the combined weight of the poigleroles In a preferred aspect the composition of i pqliglicerol used to form the polyglycerol ester of an fatty acid comprises a decaglycerol in an amount of 0.0 i a j 0.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the I polyglycerols.

In a preferred aspect the composition of polyglycerol used to form the polyglycerol ester of an fatty acid comprises a decaglycerol in an amount of 0.0 to (0.01% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols.

! In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises a mixture of diglycerol in an amount of 26.0 to 34.0% by weight basis in the combined weight of the polyglycerols; ; triglycerol in an amount of 21.0 to 5.0% by weight based on the combined weight of polyglycerols; tetraglycerol in an amount of 12.0 to 17.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; i pentaglycerol in an amount of 8.0 to 12.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; hexaglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 10.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; heptaglycerol in an amount of 4.0 to 7.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; octaglycerol in an amount of 2.5 to 5.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; i nonaglicerol in an amount of 1.0 to 3.0% by weight i based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, decaglycerol in an amount of 0.0 to 1.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; Y a decaglycerol in an amount of 0.0 to 0.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols.

In a preferred aspect the diglycerol comprises acyclic glycerol in an amount of 20.0 to 26.0% by weight cn based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic diglycerol in an amount of 6.5 to 8.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect the triglycerol comprises acyclic triglycerol in an amount of 18.0 to 21.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic triglycerol in an amount of 2.5 to 5.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect tetraglycerol comprises acyclic tetraglycerol it amounts to 11.0 to 14.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 1.5 to 4.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. In a preferred aspect, the pentaglycerol comprises acyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 6.5 to 9.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 1.5 to 4.0% by weight based on the combined weight i of the polyglycerols.

In a preferred aspect the triglycerol comprises acyclic triglycerol in an amount of 18.0 to 21.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid 1 diglycerol comprises acyclic diglycerol in an amount of 20.0 to 26.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic diglycerol in an amount of 6.5 to 8.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols triglycerol comprises acyclic triglycerol in an amount of 18.0 to 21.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic triglycerol in an amount of 2.5 to 5.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; the tetraglycerol comprises acyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 11.0 to 14.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 1.5 to 4.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; Y the pentaglycerol comprises acyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 6.5 to 9.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic pentaglycerol in a quantity of 1.5 to 4.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols.

In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises a mixture of acyclic diglycerol in an amount of 20.0 to 26.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic diglycerol in an amount of 6.5 to 8.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; 1 acyclic triglycerol in an amount of 18.0 a ¾1.0% by weight based on the combined weight of polyglycerols, and cyclic triglycerol in an amount of 2.5 I at 5.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; acyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 11.0 to 14.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 1. 5 to 4.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; acyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 6.5 to 9.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 1.5 to 4.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; and hexaglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 10.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; heptaglycerol in an amount of 4.5 to 7.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; octaglycerol in an amount of 2.5 to 5.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; nonaglycerol in an amount of 1.0 to 3.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; decaglycerol in an amount of 0.0 to 1.0% by weight cbn base in the combined weight of the polyglycerols; Y ! a decaglycerol in an amount of 0.0 to 0.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols.

! The fatty acid side chains attached to the polyglycerol can be of any suitable length. The polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid can be a polyglycerol ester of a single fatty acid, or polyglycerol ester of a mixture of fatty acids. The fatty chain lengths of the ester fatty acids polyglycerol do not have to be of the same length. Typically the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid is an ester of a fatty acid of a C 12 to C 22 fatty acid. Of i Preferably, the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid is a ester of a C 16 or C 22 fatty acid. Preferably, the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid is an ester of a fatty acid of C 16 or 318. Preferably, the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid is an ester of an acid of I C18 The fatty acid of the polyglycerol ester of a fatty may be saturated fatty acid, fatty acid ! unsaturated or a mixture of saturated fatty acid and fatty acid i unsaturated In one aspect the fatty acid of the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid is an unsaturated fatty acid. The fatty acid of the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid can be mono- or di-unsaturated fatty acid. Of i Preferably, the fatty acid of the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid is a monounsaturated fatty acid.

; A highly fatty acid of the polyglycerol ester of a highly preferred fatty acid is oleic acid ( (9Z) -octadec- 9-enoic).

The fatty acids linked to the polyglycerol can be provided from any suitable source. Thus, in one aspect, the polyglycerol fatty acid ester is prepared from fatty acids of oils selected from rapeseed oil, high oleic rapeseed oil, soybean oil, high oleic sunflower oil, bait oil and mixtures thereof.

In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid has a hydroxyl value of 880 to 1230 mg KOH / g. In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid has a hydroxyl value of 1130 to 1230 mg KOH / g. In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid has a hydroxyl value of 880 to 1060 mg KOH / g. In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid has a hydroxyl value of 9., 50 to 990 mg KOH / g.

In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid has a refractive index at 50 ° C of 1.4860 to 1.4925. In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid has a refractive index at 50 ° C of 1.4895 to 0.4925. In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid has a refractive index at 50 ° C of 1.4900 a 1. 4920. In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid has a refractive index at 50 ° C of 1.4900 to 1.4910. In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid has a refractive index at 25 ° C of 1.4855 a 1. 4935 In a preferred aspect the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid has a viscosity of less than 700 mPa s at 20 ° C, such as less than 600 mPa at 20 ° C, such as less than 500 mPa at 20 ° C, such as less than 400 mPa at 20 ° C, such as less than 350 mPa at 20 ° C, such as less than 300 mPa sai 20 ° C, such as less than 250 mPa s at 20 ° C, such as less than 200 mPa s at 20 ° C. We have found that during the preparation of a fuel emulsion according to the present invention a low viscosity, such as that described above, and preferably less than 200 mPa at 20 ° C, is an important factor in the preparation of an effective emulsion .

We have found that a means by which the viscosity of the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid can be controlled is by controlling the ratio of polyol to the triglyceride source when preparing the present polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid, as well as the profile of fatty acid which is described in detail herein. He effect of the ratio of the polyol to the triglyceride source is shown in Figure 8. Thus in one aspect the poly glycerol ester of a fatty acid is prepared by reacting a polyglycerol and a fatty acid triglyceride in a polyglycerol ratio to fatty acid triglyceride of, 1: 1 to 1:10. Preferably the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid is prepared by reacting a polyglycerol and a fatty acid triglyceride in a ratio of I polyglycerol to fatty acid triglyceride from 1: 1 to 1: 9, such as from 1: 1 to 1: 8, such as from 1: 1 to 1: 7, such as from 1: 1 to 1: 6, such as 1: 1 to 1: 5, such as 1: 1 to 1: 4, such as 1-2 to 1: 4, such as 1: 2 to 1: 3, such as about 1: 2.8, such as from 1: 4 to 1: 9, such as from 1: 4 to 1: 8, such as from 1: 4 to 1: 7, such as from 1: 4 to 1: 6, such as from 1: 4 to 1: 5, such as from 1: 5 to 1: 7, such as from 1: 6 to 1: 7, such as approximately 1: 6.7.

; Fuel composition ! When a polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid prepared from a mixture of polyglycerols as described herein is provided in accordance with the present invention, the polyglycerol ester can be metered into the water and fuel composition in any suitable amount to provide a desired stability emulsion. In one aspect the fuel composition comprises a polyglycerol ester of an acid fat prepared from a mixture of polyglycerols such as; described herein in an amount of 0.1 to 2.0% by weight based on the total fuel composition. In a further aspect the fuel composition comprises a polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid prepared from a mixture of polyglycerols as described herein in an amount of 0.1 to 1.0% by weight based on the total fuel composition. In a further aspect the fuel composition comprises a polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid prepared from a mixture of polyglycerols as described herein in an amount of 0.1 to 0.5% by weight based on the fuel composition total. In a further aspect the fuel composition comprises a polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid prepared from a mixture of polyglycerols as described herein in an amount of less than 0.5% by weight based on the total fuel domination. In a further aspect the fuel composition comprises a polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid prepared from a mixture of polyglycerols as described herein in an amount of less than 0.3% by weight based on the composition I of total fuel. In a further aspect the fuel composition comprises a polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid prepared from a mixture of polyglycerols as described herein in an amount of less than 0.25% in; weight based on the total fuel composition. In a further aspect the fuel composition comprises a polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid prepared from a mixture of polyglycerols as described herein in an amount of less than 0.2% by weight based on the total fuel composition. In a further aspect the fuel composition comprises a polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid prepared from a mixture of I polyglycerols as described herein in an amount of less than 0.15% by weight based on the total fuel composition. In a further aspect the fuel composition comprises a polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid prepared from a mixture of polyglycerols as described herein in an amount of less than 0.1% by weight based on the total fuel composition.

As described herein we have identified that by using the "flat" composition of I p, Oliglycerols the emulsifier can be used in more bjajas quantities than those required in the prior art. In this way in the preferred aspect the polyglycerol ester of an Fatty acid is present in an amount of less than 0.5% by weight. The improved activity of the polyglycerol ester composition of the present invention allows the emulsifier to be dosed at lower amounts than those ! previously they had been required in the prior art. This It is suitable both for cost reasons and also for storage. These materials are dosed in use and therefore must be transported by the user. Minimizing the amount of material required to achieve the desired effect is important for end users. Although the present invention allows use at lower levels than those of the prior art, the present composition can be dosed at any level, for example it can be dosed at a higher level in a demanding application. It is appreciated by one skilled in the art that depending on the required use and desired stability time the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid can be metered in any amount. i Gas As used herein, the described emulsifiers allow the preparation of a fuel and water emulsion. A suitable fuel to be prepared in an emulsion but still having to be combined with water is encompassed within the present invention. However, in a preferred aspect, the fuel containing the emulsifiers is combined with water and the fuel composition further comprises (c) water. It will be appreciated that in this aspect the fuel composition can be prepared by first dosing the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid into the fuel, such as marine gas oil (MGO), after which water is metered into the mixture. i fuel / emulsifier.

; The amount of water can be selected based on the needs of the combustion system. In one aspect the fuel composition further comprises (c) water in an amount of 10 to 70% by weight based on the total fuel composition. Preferably the water is present in an amount of 30 to 60% by weight based on the total fuel composition. Preferably, the water is present in an amount of 33 to 50% by weight based on the total fuel composition.

The composition according to the present invention may comprise one or more additives for example, to improve various aspects of the fuel to which the combustion is typically added or to improve various aspects of the performance of the combustion system. Suitable additional additives include detergents, carrier oils, antioxidants, corrosion inhibitors, color stabilizers, metal deactivators, cetane number improvers, other combustion improvers, antifoams, evaporation point depressors, plug-in depressants, cold filter, wax anti-sedimentation additives, dispersants, deodorants, dyes, smoke suppressants, lubricity agents and other particulate filter regeneration additives.

The fuel can be any fuel suitable for combustion where NOx reduction is desired. In one aspect fuel is a fuel for spark ignition engines such as a gasoline engine. Preferably the fuel is a fuel for a high compression spontaneous ignition engine. In one aspect the fuel is selected from diesel, heavy fuel oil, marine diesel fuel (MGO) and kerosene. Diesel can be biodiesel, low sulfur diesel and ultra low sulfur diesel. Preferably the fuel is marine diesel. The marine gas oil can be any suitable marine diesel. In one aspect it is a fuel that has (i) a density of 0.85- 0.89 g / cm3, a number of cetans of about 45 and an evaporation point of more than 55 ° C. t Aspects of the invention are defined in the appended claims.

The present invention will now be described in greater detail in the following examples in which: 'Figures 1, 3A, 3B, 7 to 9 and 13 show graphs and Figures 2, 3C, 4, 5, 6, 10, 11, 12 and 14 show images.

Examples Example 1 ; Four polyglycerol esters were prepared and tested. Two were polyglycerol esters of i I broad range (BRPG) according to the present invention - one based on soybean oil and one based on oleic acid. Two were triglycerol esters prepared as a comparison - one based on soybean oil and one based on oleic acid.

Polyglycerol production: ; Glycerol: 1,250 kg 50% NaOH in water: 9.17 kg i Glycerol and NaOH solution is added to the reactor, heated to 240 ° C while being careful with the columns and condensers so as not to remove the glycerol by distillation. Heating up to 240 ° C takes around 3 · hours. The pressure is then carefully lowered to about 30 mbar to remove reaction water from the glycerol polymerization. After approximately 7-14 hours at 240 ° C, samples are withdrawn from the reactor for measurement of the refractive index at 50.0 ° C (r¡D50 '°).

The refractive index is used to determine the conclusion of the reaction. The refractive index should be in the range of 1.4900-1.4920. If the refractive index is not yet in the range, the reaction is continued for 1 more hour and another sample is removed for measurement. This continues until the refractive index is within the range. When the polyglycerol is within the stopping temperature range it is lowered to 120 ° C.

The glycerol and polyglycerol content of the BRPG samples was determined. The details of this analysis are given below.

The specifications of the hydroxyl values and the refractive index for the polyglycerol of wide range of the; present invention and the triglycerol used for the esters below are given below: Wide range polyglycerol Hydroxyl value (OHV): 950-990 refractive index at 50 ° C: 1.4900-1.4920 'Triglycerol i i Hydroxyl value (OHV): 1090-1190 j refractive index (20 ° C): 1.4930-1.4970 Manufacture of triglycerol and ppliglycerol esters: Polyglycerol PGE 2440/198: Soybean oil: 700 g I Polyglycerol: 203.2 g 50% NaOH in water: 3.80 g The polyglycerol was prepared according to the previous process, All the ingredients are loaded in a 3-necked flask with mechanical stirring, condenser, temperature control, nitrogen protection is used, a vacuum pump is connected to the installation.

: The temperature rises to 90 ° C. The pressure is lowered to approximately 50 mBars when the mixture reaches 90 ° C. The temperature is then raised to 230 ° C and maintained at that temperature for 30 minutes. It cools to around 90; ° C. The pressure is equalized with nitrogen at 90 ° C. The product is clear.

Analysis: acid value: 0.3; saponification value: 146.2; hydroxyl value: 219.2.

Polyglycerol PGE 2526/160: 90% oleic acid: 340 g , Polyglycerol: 102 g 1 Glycerol: 37 g ! 50% NaOH in water: 1.75 g The polyglycerol was prepared according to the above process.

All the ingredients are loaded in a 3-cell flask with mechanical agitation, Vigreux column, condenser, temperature control, nitrogen protection is used, vacuum pump is connected to the apparatus, i The temperature rises gradually to 235 ° C. TO I 210 ° C the water of the reaction is removed by distillation. After 80 minutes the mixture is clear and the temperature is 235 ° C. The reaction mixture is reacted for an additional 1 hour.

! The pressure is gradually lowered to 75 mBars. Then the mixture reacts for 1 hour more. A sample is removed for acid value measurement.

When the acid value is below 2 the product it is finished and the temperature is lowered to 90 ° C. The pressure is equalized with nitrogen. The product is clear.

! Analysis: acid value: 0.5; saponification value: 45.5; hydroxyl value: 214.9; alkaline number: 7.4.

Triglicerol PGE 2528/072 (comparative): Soybean oil: 700 g : Triglycerol: 215 g 50% NaOH in water 3.80 g 'Triglycerol was obtained from Solvay.

'All the ingredients are loaded in a 3-necked flask with mechanical stirring, condenser, temperature control, nitrogen protection is used, the vacuum pump is connected to the installation.

The pressure is lowered to around 50 mBars when the mixture reaches 90 ° C. The temperature rises from room temperature to 230 ° C in 85 min. The reaction mixture is maintained at 230 ° C for 2.5 hours, then cooled to 90 ° C and the pressure is equalized with nitrogen. The product is clear.

; Analysis: 0.2 acid value; saponification value: 142.6; iodine value: 95.2; color 5 1/4", total: 3.0 yellow: red 15: 1.5.

Triglicerol PGE 2526/159 (comparative): 90% oleic acid: 340 g Triglycerol: 108 g Glycerol: 37 g 50% NaOH in water: 1.75 g Triglycerol was obtained from Solvay.

All the ingredients were loaded in a 3-necked flask with mechanical stirring, Vigreux column, condenser, temperature control, nitrogen protection is used, the vacuum pump is connected to the installation.

: The temperature rises gradually to 235 ° C. TO 208 ° C reaction water is observed. After 65 minutes the mixture is clear and the temperature is 235 ° C. The reaction mixture is reacted for an additional 1 hour. The pressure is gradually lowered to 75 mBars, then the mixture reacts for 1 hour more. A sample is taken to measure the acid value. When the acid value is below 2 the product is finished and the temperature is lowered to 90 ° C. The pressure is equalized with nitrogen. The product is clear.

Analysis: acid value: 0.8; saponification value: 143.6; hydroxyl value: 262.8; alkaline number: 4.6.

; Four polyglycerol-based ethers based on either soybean oil or oleic acid and either full-spectrum or polyglycerolic (BRPG) esters were tested in a water-in-fuel emulsion (WIF emulsion) with 50% water content at 55 ° C focusing on the water droplet size distribution, stability and I viscosity of the emulsion.

! The results of the investigations showed I that the BRPG esters provide smaller water droplets and reduced water droplet sedimentation during storage compared to triglycerol esters. Four samples were tested with two distributions of polyol (triglycerol vs. BRPG) and two sources of fatty acid (soybean oil vs. pure oleic acid). The main focus of í the test was the effect of reduced emulsifier addition on the stability of the emulsion.

EXPERIMENTAL ! Four emulsifiers were tested in water-in-fuel emulsions, WIF emulsions, with 50% I of water content at 55 ° C. The emulsifiers are listed in table 1. Dose of 0.5%, 0.25% and 0.1% based on the I emulsion. The emulsions (200 g) were prepared when adding I The phase of water to the fuel (MGO) during homogenization with Ultra Turrex at 20500 rpm for 64 s. i Both the MGO and the water were heated to 55 ° C before Self-pity I The following analyzes were carried out immediately after the preparation of the emulsion: I ! 1. Water droplet size distribution by 2. Microscopy by CLSM. ] 3. Stability of the emulsion during 3 hours of storage at 55 ° C by imaging and image analysis.

Table 1 * The low percentage of polyol is due to the source of fatty acid i The marine diesel (diesel) used in the test was Shell Thermo heating oil.

RESULTS The water droplet size distribution is shown in Table 2. Note the significant increase in water droplet size at lower emulsifier concentration.

Table 2 Water droplet size distribution I The D50.0 values are compared in Figure 1, where the large increase in droplet size at a dose level of 0.1% is clearly observed. The graph also shows that under very stressful conditions (0.1% dose of emulsifier) PGE based on BRPG (polyglycerol wide) range) translates into smaller water droplets than triglycerol-based PGE. At the same time PGE based on fatty acids from soybean oil translates into droplets larger than PGE based on pure oleic acid.

The droplet size distribution by CLS is observed below with a comparison between an emulsifier dose of 0.5% and 0.1%. The large increase in droplet size at low dosage of emulsifier is seen clearly in the images. Images of samples with 0.25% emulsifier addition are shown in figure 2. Images of samples with 0.1%, 0.25% and 0.5% emulsifier addition are shown in figure 6.

Figures 3A, 3B and 3C show the degree of sedimentation of water droplet in the emulsions during 3 hours of storage at 55 ° C with 0.5%, 0.25% and 0.1% emulsifier addition. The degree of sedimentation is expressed as free diesel oil on the upper part of the samples as a percentage of the Total sample height. The values were generated by image analysis.

! The difference in the degree of sedimentation between the dose levels should be noted. At a dose of 0.1%, sedimentation is 10 times greater than at a dose level of 0.5%.

! The triglycerol ester and soybean oil are performs poorly at low concentration. Consequently, the performance of this emulsifier is more sensitive to dose reduction compared to the wide range polyglycerol ester emulsifiers of the present invention.

At low concentration the two BRPG-based emulsifiers of the present invention perform better than in triglycerol-based emulsifiers. This agrees with the difference in the size of water droplet illustrated in Figure 1.

I '· Images of the samples are available in the i Figures 4 and 5 I CONCLUSION i It is clearly documented that the polyglycerol esters based on polyglycerols of wide range are translated into smaller water droplet and sedimentation of reduced water droplet during storage compared to polyglycerol esters based on tigrigerol. This effect is observed at a very low emulsifier addition (0.1%) that represents stressful conditions, which is very much like a real-life situation. It is further concluded that a fatty acid composition with a high content of oleic acid is superior to a composition with a high content of linoleic acid (soybean oil) based on the above attributes. i Example 2 ! Four additional polyglycerol esters were prepared and tested. Each was polyglycerol esters of the wide range (BRPG) according to the present invention and fall was based on rapeseed oil. Two were esters j Triglycerolics and two were hexaglycerol esters.

The esters according to the present invention are compared against a comparison prepared from ! triglycerol and soybean oil.

EXPERIMENTAL I i PGE 2680/060 with 13% polyol: Rapeseed oil: 920 g í Hexaglycerol wide, range (BRHG): 138 g 50% NaOH in water: 1.92 g The hexaglycerol was prepared by polymerization in the same manner as that described in example 1.

All the ingredients were changed to a 3-neck ne'atraz with mechanical agitation, I Condenser, temperature control, protection is used I of nitrogen, the vacuum pump is connected to the installation. i The pressure is lowered to 50-100 mBars when the i mixture reaches 235 ° C and is clear. The temperature rises from room temperature to 235 ° C in 50 min. The I m Reaction content is maintained at 235 ° C for 2.5 hours, then cooled to 235 ° C and the pressure is equalized with nitrogen. The product is clear.

Analysis: acid value: 0.2; saponification value: 161.8; hydroxyl value: 125; alkaline number: 3. | 9.

PGE 2680/065 with 10% polyol: Rapeseed oil: 960 g i Wide Range Hexaglycerol (BRHG): 106.6 g 50% NaOH in water: 2.4 g The hexaglycerol was prepared by polymerization in the same manner as that described in example 1.

I All the ingredients are loaded in a 3-necked flask with mechanical stirring, condenser, temperature control, nitrogen protection is used, the vacuum pump is connected to the installation.

The pressure is lowered to 50-100 mBres when the mixture reaches 235 ° C and is clear. The temperature rises from the i room temperature at 235 ° C in 50 min. The reaction mixture is maintained at 235 ° C for 2.5 hours, then cooled to 100 ° C and the pressure is equalized with nitrogen. The product is clear.

Analysis: acid value: 0.2; saponification value: 168.6; hydroxyl value: 100.2; alkaline number: 4.1.

; PGE 2680/062 with 23% polyol: Rapeseed oil: 450 g Wide Range Hexaglycerol (BRHG): 135 g 50% NaOH in water: 0.82 g Triglycerol was prepared by polymerization in the same manner as described in Example 1 except that the refractive index at 25 ° C was changed from 1.4855 to 1. | 4935.

\ All the ingredients were loaded into a flask of 3 necks with mechanical agitation, condenser, temperature control, nitrogen protection is used, the vacuum pump is connected to the apparatus.

The pressure is lowered to 50-100 mBars when the mixture reaches 235 ° C and is clear. The temperature rises from room temperature to 235 ° C in 50 min. The reaction mixture is maintained at 235 ° C for 2.5 hours, then cooled to 100 ° C and the pressure is equalized with nitrogen. The product is clear.

Analysis: acid value: 0.1; saponification value: 144.9; hydroxyl value: 241.4; alkaline number: 5.0.

! PGE 2680/073 with 13% polyol: Rapeseed oil: 500 g Wide Range Hexaglycerol (BRHG): 75 g 50% NaOH in water: 0.8 g j Triglycerol was prepared by polymerization from; the same way as that described in Example 1 except that the refractive index at 25 ° C was changed from 1.4855 to 1.4935.

'All the ingredients were loaded in an i 3-neck flask with mechanical agitation, condenser, temperature control, nitrogen protection is used, the vacuum pump is connected to the apparatus.

The pressure is lowered to 50-100 mBars when the mixture reaches 235 ° C and is clear. The temperature rises from room temperature to 235 ° C in 50 min.

The reaction mixture is maintained at 235 ° C for 2.5 hours, then cooled to 100 ° C and the pressure is equalized with nitrogen. The product is clear.

Analysis: acid value: 0.2; value of sjaponi f i falls i ón: 163.9; hydroxyl value: 147.5; number I to cal ino: 3.7.

Polyol distribution 1 The polyol distribution of the polyol used in the preparation of each of 2680/062 and 2680/073 was analyzed. The analysis was carried out twice and it was It took an average. The results of this analysis are given in Table 3 below.

Table 3 Duplicate polyol analysis The polyglycerol esters synthesized are summarized in Table 4. Three types of polyglycerol are included in series, were two triglycerols and one hekaglycerol. The source of fatty acid was either oil or rapeseed oil.

Table 4 I BRHG / BRTG: Hexa-tri-glycerol of wide range The difference in the polyol composition is shown below.

The polyol distribution of the samples REF PGE, 1 BRTG used in the preparation of 2680/073 and the BRGH used in the preparation of 2680/060 are shown in Table 5.

Table 5 Polyol distribution of samples The viscosity of each emulsifier was measured in a Physica rheometer using the following adjustment: ; Temperature: 60 ° C to -10 ° C (1 ° C / min), shear rate: 23 1 / s, measuring system: DG26.77 -SN711; d = Omm I Selected emulsifiers (REF PGE, J2680 / 060, J2680 / 065, J2680 / 073) were further tested in IF emulsions with 50% water content at 55 ° C at a dose of 0.1% and 0.2%. Diesel quality: MGO.

WIF samples were prepared as described in example 1.

RESULTS The droplet size distribution is shown in Table 6 and graphically in Figure 9 for D50.0 values. Samples 2680/065 and 2680/073 were not stable enough to allow measurement by NMR.

Table 6 Water droplet size distribution The CLSM images of the emulsion are shown in Figure 10. The images were recorded immediately after emulsification. Samples 2680/065 and 2680/073 provide both much larger water droplets at both emulsifier dose levels compared to the reference (REF PGE) and 2680/060.

The CLSM images of Figure 11 show a dramatic increase in the size of water droplet at low emulsifier dose for samples 2680/065 and 2680/073 as a sign of reduced functionality. Also at a dose level of 0.2%, the droplets are clearly larger than for the samples REF PGE and 2680/060.

Sedimentation and phase separation of water after 1 hour, 2 and 3 hours of storage at 55 ° C for sample 2680/073 are shown in Figure 12. Such a pronounced water separation is unusual with WIF emulsions. However, sedimentation at rest is not a problem since a homogeneous emulsion will reform during flow.

Images of the emulsions are shown in table Í4.

The degree of sedimentation of water droplet in the emulsions expressed as the amount of free oil in the upper part formed during 3 hours of storage at 55 ° C is shown in Figure 13.

All publications mentioned in the I above description are incorporated herein by reference.

Various modifications and variations of the methods described and the system of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. Although the invention has been described in connection with specific preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the claimed invention should not be unduly limited to those specific embodiments. In fact, various modifications of the modes described to carry out the invention that are obvious to those skilled in chemistry or related fields are intended to be within the scope of the following claims.

It is noted that in relation to this date, the best method known to the applicant to carry out the aforementioned invention, is that which is clear from the present description of the invention.

Claims

CLAIMS Having described the invention as above, property is claimed as contained in the following I claims:

1. A fuel composition characterized pqrque comprises: ! (a) a fuel; Y i i (b) a polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid; where the polyglycerol composition used for forming the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises a mixture of i 1 diglycerol in an amount of 11.0 to 34.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; ; triglycerol in an amount of 9.5 to 24.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; I tetraglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 21.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; I pentaglycerol in an amount of 3.5 to 19.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; hexaglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 13.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; heptaglycerol in an amount of 5.0 to 13.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; : octaglycerol in an amount of 3.0 to 12.0% by weight based on the combined weight of polyglycerols; nonaglycerol in an amount of 1.5 to 10.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; 'decaglycerol in an amount of 0.0 to 8.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; Y a decaglycerol in an amount of 0.0 to 7.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols.

2. The fuel composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises a mixture of diglycerol in an amount of 11.0 to 28.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; triglycerol in an amount of 9.5 to 24.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; ; tetraglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 21.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; pentaglycerol in an amount of 3.5 to 19.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; 'hexaglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 13.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; heptaglycerol in an amount of 5.0 to 13.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; ; octaglycerol in an amount of 4.0 to 12.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; nonaglycerol in an amount of 2.0 to 10.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; decaglycerol in an amount of 0.5 to 8.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; Y a decaglycerol in an amount of 0.1 to 7.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols.

3. The fuel composition according to claim 1, characterized in that ; the diglycerol comprises acyclic diglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 25.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic diglycerol in an amount of 5.0 to 13.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols triglycerol comprises acyclic triglycerol in an amount of 7.0 to 21.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic triglycerol in an amount of 2.5 to 9.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; i 1 tetraglycerol comprises acyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 5.5 to 15.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 0.5 to 8.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; and the pentaglycerol comprises acyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 3.0 to 11.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 0.5 to 8.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols.

4. The fuel composition according to claim 2, characterized in that the diglycerol comprises acyclic diglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 15.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic diglycerol in an amount of 5.0 to 13.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols triglycerol comprises acyclic triglycerol in an amount of 7.0 to 15.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic triglycerol in a quantity of 2.5 to 9.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; I ! the tetraglycerol comprises acyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 5.0 to 13.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 1.0 to 8.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; Y 1 the pentaglycerol comprises acyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 3.0 to 11.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 0.5 to 8.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols .

5. The fuel composition in accordance with any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises a mixture of; the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises diglycerol in an amount of 15.0 to 23.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; i the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises triglycerol in an amount of 13.5 to 20.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises tetraglycerol in an amount of 10.0 to 17.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; The polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises pentaglycerol in an amount of 8.0 to 14.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises hexaglycerol in an amount of 8.0 to 11.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises heptaglycerol in an amount of 7.5 to 11.0% by weight based on (the combined weight of the polyglycerols; the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises octaglycerol in an amount of 6.5 to 10.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; 1 the polyglycerol composition used to form the i Polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises I nanoaglycerol in an amount of 4.0 to 8.0% by weight with base i in the combined weight of polyglycerols; The polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises decaglycerol in an amount of 1.5 to 6.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; Y The polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises a decaglycerol in an amount of 0.5 to 5.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols.

6. The fuel composition according to claim 5, characterized in that the diglycerol comprises acyclic diglycerol in an amount of 8.0 to 12.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic diglycerol in an amount of 7.5 to 11.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; triglycerol comprises acyclic triglycerol in an amount of 9.0 to 13.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic triglycerol in an amount of 4.5 to 7.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; [tetraglycerol comprises acyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 7.5 to 11.0% by weight based on weight i combined polyglycerols, and cyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 2.5 to 6.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; Y ! the pentaglycerol comprises acyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 5.0 to 9.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 2.5 to 6.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols.

7. The fuel composition according to any of the preceding claims, characterized I because the polyglycerol composition used to form the I polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises a mixture of the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises diglycerol in an amount of 17.6 to 21.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises triglycerol in an amount of 15.9 to 18.1% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises tetraglycerol in an amount of 12.5 to 14.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; I i the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises pentaglycerol in an amount of 10.5 to 12.2% by weight with i base on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; I 1 the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises hexaglycerol in an amount of 9.3 to 10.1% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; 1 the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises heptaglycerol in an amount of 8.6 to 9.9% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; j the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises octaglycerol in an amount of 7.3 to 8.9% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; the polyglycerol composition used to form the The polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises nonaglycerol in an amount of 5.5 to 6.4% by weight based on: the combined weight of the polyglycerols; the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises calcium glycerol in an amount of 2.9 to 4.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; Y The polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises a decaglycerol in an amount of 1.8 to 3.7% by weight with base in the combined weight of the polyglycerols.

! 8. The fuel composition according to claim 7, characterized in that ; the diglycerol comprises acyclic diglycerol in an amount of 9.1 to 11.4% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic diglycerol in an amount of 8.5 to 9.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; 1 triglycerol comprises acyclic triglycerol in t an amount of 10.0 to 11.8% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic triglycerol in an amount of 5.9 to 6.3% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; tetraglycerol comprises acyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 8.4 to 9.5% by weight based on weight combined polyglycerols, and cyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 4.1 to 4.4% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; Y ! the pentaglycerol comprises acyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 6.7 to 7.6% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 3.8 to 4.6% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols.

9. The fuel composition according to claim 1, characterized in that in the composition of polyglycerol used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid 1 the diglycerol comprises acyclic diglycerol in an amount of 9.0 to 24.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic diglycerol in an amount of 6.5 to 10.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the ppliglycerols; : triglycerol comprises acyclic triglycerol in an amount of 9.0 to 20.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic triglycerol in a 3.5 to 6.5% by weight amount based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; : tetraglycerol comprises acyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 8.0 to 13.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic tetraglycerol in an amount of 2.0 to 4.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; Y i I pentaglycerol comprises acyclic pentaglycerol i in! an amount of 6.0 to 9.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 2.0 to 5.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. j 10. The fuel composition in accordance ! with claim 7, characterized in that in the polyglycerol used to form the ester polyglycerol of a fatty acid

The diglycerol comprises acyclic diglycerol in a I amount of 20.0 to 26.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic diglycerol in a amount of 6.5 to 8.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; triglycerol comprises acyclic triglycerol in the amount of 18.0 to 21.0% by weight based on weight combined polyglycerols, and cyclic triglycerol in a ! amount of 2.5 to 5.0% by weight based on the combined weight ! of polyglycerols; i I tetraglycerol comprises acyclic tetraglycerol I in an amount of 11.0 to 14.5% by weight based on weight i of polyglycerols, and cyclic tetraglycerol in a quantity of 1.5 to 4.0% by weight based on weight combined polyglycerols, - and : the pentaglycerol comprises acyclic pentaglycerol in: an amount of 6.5 to 9.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, and cyclic pentaglycerol in an amount of 1.5 to 4.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols.

11. The fuel composition according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the polyglycerol composition used i to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid has a hydroxyl value of 880 to 1230 mg KOH / g.

, 12. The fuel composition of conformity i with claim 11, characterized in that the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid has a hydroxyl value of 1130 to 1230 mg KOH / g.

13. The fuel composition according to claim 11, characterized in that the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid has a hydroxyl value of 880 to 1060 mg KOH / g.

! 14. The fuel composition according to claim 11, characterized in that the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid has a hydroxyl value of 950 to 990. i

15. The fuel composition according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid has a refractive index at 25 ° C of 1.4855 to 1.4935.

16. The fuel composition according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid has a refractive index at 50 ° C of 1.4895 to 1.4925.

! 17. The fuel composition according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid has a refractive index at 50 ° C of 1.4900 to 1.4920.

; 18. The fuel composition according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid has a viscosity of less than 700 mPa s at 20 ° C.

19. The fuel composition according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid has a viscosity of less than 200 mPa s at 20 ° C.

The fuel composition according to any of the preceding claims, í characterized in that the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid is prepared by reacting a polyglycerol and a fatty acid triglyceride in a ratio of polyglycerol to fatty acid trichloride of 1: 1 to 1: 8.

21. The fuel composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the (b) a polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid is present in an amount of not more than 0.5% by weight based on the total fuel composition. .

22. The fuel composition according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the (b) a polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid is present in an amount of not more than 0.25% by weight based on the total fuel composition.

23. The fuel composition according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the (b) a polyglycerol ester of a I Fatty acid is present in an amount of not more than 0.2% by weight based on the total fuel composition.

24. The fuel composition according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the (b) a polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid is present in an amount of not more than 0.1% by weight based on the total fuel composition,

25. The fuel composition in accordance with any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fuel is selected from diesel, heavy fuéloil, marine gas oil and kerosene.

; 26. The fuel composition according to claim 25, characterized in that the fuel is marine gas oil.

27. The fuel composition according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises (c) water.

28. The fuel composition according to claim 27, characterized in that it further comprises (c) water in an amount of 10 to 70% by weight based on the total fuel composition.

29. The fuel composition according to claim 27, characterized in that it further comprises (c) water in an amount of 30 to 60% by weight based on the total fuel composition.

! 30. The fuel composition according to claim 27, characterized in that it further comprises (c) water in an amount of 33 to 50% by weight based on the total fuel composition.

31. A method for improving the stability of a fuel composition containing (a) fuel and (c) water, characterized in that it comprises mixing with fuel and water, i (b) a polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid; wherein the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises a mix of I diglycerol in an amount of 11.0 to 34.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; Triglycerol in an amount of 9.5 to 24.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; tetraglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 21.0% based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; pentaglycerol in an amount of 3.5 to 19.0% based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; hexaglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 13.5% by weight based on the combined weight of polyglycerols; i j heptaglicerol in an amount of 5.0 to 13.0% in I weight based on the combined weight of polyglycerols; Octaglycerol in an amount of 3.0 to 12.0% by weight i cjon base in the combined weight of polyglycerols; Nonaglicerol in an amount of 1.5 to 10.0% by weight i based on the combined weight of polyglycerols; decaglycerol in an amount of 0.0 to 8.0% by weight basis in the combined weight of the polyglycerols; Y a decaglycerol in an amount of 0.0 to 7.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols. '<

32. The method of compliance with the claim 31, characterized by characteristics according to any of claims 2 to 30.

33. Use of a polyglycerol ester of an acid i fat to improve the stability of a composition of fuel that contains fuel and water; i Wherein the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises a mixture of diglycerol in an amount of 11.0 to 34.0% by weight basis in the combined weight of the polyglycerols; triglycerol in an amount of 9.5 to 24.5% by weight basis in the combined weight of the polyglycerols; tetraglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 21.0% based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; pentaglycerol in an amount of 3.5 to 19.0% in weight based on the combined weight of polyglycerols; I hexaglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 13.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; Heptaglycerol in an amount of 5.0 to 13.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; i Octaglycerol in an amount of 3.0 to 12.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; i 1 nonaglycerol in an amount of 1.5 to 10.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; I decaglycerol in an amount of 0.0 to 8.0% by weight based on the combined weight of polyglycerols; and a deglycerol in an amount of 0.0 to 7.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols.

34. A kit for preparing the fuel composition according to any of claims 1 to 30, characterized in that it comprises J a polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid; wherein the polyglycerol composition used to form the polyglycerol ester of a fatty acid comprises a mixture of diglycerol in an amount of 11.0 to 34.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; Triglycerol in an amount of 9.5 to 24.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; tetraglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 21.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; í j pentaglycerol in an amount of 3.5 to 19.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; ; hexaglycerol in an amount of 6.0 to 13.5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; heptaglycerol in an amount of 5.0 to 13.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; octaglycerol in an amount of 3.0 to 12.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; nonaglicerol in an amount of 1.5 to 10.0% by weight based on the combined weight of polyglycerols; decaglycerol in an amount of 0.0 to 8.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols; Y A decaglycerol in an amount of 0.0 to 7.0% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyglycerols, along with instructions for use in preparing the fuel composition.

35. A fuel composition characterized in that it is substantially as described with reference to any of the examples.

36. A method characterized in that it is substantially as described with reference to any of the examples.

I 37. A use substantially as described with reference to any of the examples.

38. A kit characterized in that it is substantially as described with reference to any of the examples.