JPH08231970A - Fuel composition - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To obtain a fuel composition highly preservable over a long period and capable of retaining its ignitability and adequate combustibility for a long time even left to stand under ordinary environmental conditions when to be used, by incorporating a combustible liquid with a polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester. CONSTITUTION: This fuel composition is obtained by incorporating (A) a combustible liquid (e.g. an alcohol, kerosine) with (B) pref. 0.003-10wt.%, based on the whole composition, of a fatty acid ester of polyhydric alcohol (pref. polyglycerol 4-10 in degree of polymerization). The fatty acrid constituting the component B is pref. a 8-22C saturated fatty acid. The component B is e.g. tetraglycerol stearic triester. It is recommended that this composition be obtained by heating the component A to e.g. 40-80 deg.C followed by dissolving the component B in the component A.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a fuel composition containing a combustible liquid as a main component. More specifically, it relates to a novel composition of a fuel composition capable of maintaining ignitability and flammability over a long period of time.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, flammable liquids such as alcohols are used as a liquid fuel as they are, or a solid fuel held in a flammable base such as soap, or a paste containing a thickener. It has been used as a fuel and has been widely used.

Since these fuels are excellent in that they can be easily used, they are also used as portable fuels, as fuels for heating or retaining heat when cooking foodstuffs, and as fuels for heating other vehicle rails. Has reached.
The usage for this rail is the work required to set the length of the rail to be arranged in consideration of the fluctuation of the length due to the thermal expansion of the rail. It is generally performed by a method of coating along or igniting by arranging at regular intervals.

[0004]

The flammable liquid has a relatively high vapor pressure under normal environmental conditions. Therefore, when left in the external environment, the flammable liquid usually evaporates and disappears within a short time. This phenomenon is the same even when the solid fuel or the pasty fuel is used. Therefore, the fuel composition containing a flammable liquid as a main component is usually housed and handled in a robust container made of metal, glass, or the like. Further, it may be handled in a state of being enclosed in an airtight wrapping bag of a resin film or the like, or wrapped by shrinking.

However, when the fuel composition is used, the fuel is taken out of the container and placed on a stove or the like, or is applied or placed on a rail or the like. Due to the above-mentioned property, it is necessary to ignite this fuel within a short time thereafter.

However, in general, it is difficult to ignite this fuel immediately after it is arranged, and it is also inconvenient if this condition is met. In particular, when it is prepared individually as a heat source for many people at an inn or the like, or when it is used as a heat source for the train rail described above, it may be left for a considerably long time before the post ignition such as fuel arrangement. It is particularly inappropriate for usage. This is because, in such a case, there is no ignition or no sufficient combustion even when ignited.

Further, in the case where the above-mentioned encapsulation in the packaging bag or the packaging by shrink processing is made of a flammable packaging material such as a resin sheet material or a resin film material, the vaporization of the flammable liquid described above is prevented. Although it can be prevented, it has a drawback that it requires a corresponding structure and is inferior in ignitability.

Therefore, the present invention is a fuel capable of withstanding storage for a long period of time and ensuring ignitability and sufficient combustion performance for a relatively long period of time even when used under normal environmental conditions. The purpose was to provide a composition.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention has the following fuel composition. That is, it is characterized in that a flammable liquid is mixed with a fatty acid ester of a polyhydric alcohol.

In the above-mentioned composition, as the polyhydric alcohol constituting the fatty acid ester, glycols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol and triethylene glycol, glycerin, polyglycerin and pentaerythritol are used. , Sorbitol, sucrose and the like. From the viewpoint of maintaining ignitability and flammability, glycerin, polyglycerin, pentaerythritol, sorbitol or a mixture thereof is preferable, and particularly preferable ignitability and flammability are shown. Is a polyglycerin because it can be retained for a longer time. The degree of polymerization of the polyglycerin is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 4 to 10 from the viewpoint of the above effects.

The fatty acid constituting the above-mentioned fatty acid ester is a saturated fatty acid having a carbon number of 8 to 22.
Are preferred. This is because the effects of the present invention can be remarkably obtained with saturated fatty acids. When the carbon number is less than 8, the effect of the present invention cannot be sufficiently obtained, and the carbon number is 22.
If it exceeds, the effect of the present invention is inferior in effectiveness and is not economical. Further, the above fatty acids include hydroxy fatty acids.

As the fatty acid ester of polyhydric alcohol, specifically, propylene glycol monostearate, glycerin monolaurate, glycerin monostearate, glycerin distearate, tetraglycerin stearic acid monoester, tetraglycerin. Stearic acid triester, hexaglycerin stearic acid sesquiester, tetraglycerin stearic acid pentaester, hexaglycerin stearic acid monoester, hexaglycerin stearic acid triester, hexaglycerin stearic acid pentaester, decaglycerin stearic acid monoester, decaglycerin stearin Acid triester, decaglycerin stearate decaester, pentaerythritol monostearate, sorbitan monostearate DOO, sorbitan stearate (sorbitol ester rich), sucrose monostearate, and glycerin tri 12-hydroxy stearate.

The flammable liquid used in the present invention includes methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol,
In addition to alcohols such as glycerin and propylene glycol, kerosene and gasoline are included.

The amount of the combustible liquid blended in the fuel composition is not generally determined by its form or type, but is 80% by weight or more in order to obtain good combustion performance and combustion time. It is preferable.

In the present invention, the blending amount of the fatty acid ester of polyhydric alcohol is 0.003 based on the whole fuel composition.
It can be in the range of 10% by weight or more and 10% by weight or less.
If the amount is less than 0.003% by weight, the effect of the present invention cannot be obtained effectively, and if it exceeds 10% by weight, it becomes difficult to uniformly mix the above-mentioned ester components, and this is economical. It cannot be used. A compounding amount in the range of 0.003% by weight or more and 3.0% by weight or less is preferable because the effects of the present invention can be effectively and stably obtained and can be economically utilized.

Further, in the fuel composition of the present invention, the blending amount of the flammable liquid may be the maximum amount excluding various additives depending on the form shown below.

The form of the fuel composition of the present invention includes not only paste and solid but also liquid form. Therefore, other components can be added depending on the form and as needed.

Examples of the other components include a dispersant such as water, a carboxyvinyl polymer or / and a salt thereof,
Aluminum naphthenate, aluminum stearate,
Examples include thickeners such as hydroxypropyl cellulose and polyethylene oxide, soap components, solid agents such as dibenzylidene-D-sorbitol, and flame colorants such as solvent naphtha and petroleum benzine.

The fatty acid ester of the polyhydric alcohol may be added to the flammable liquid regardless of whether the fuel composition is liquid, solid or paste. It can be carried out by a method of heating to a temperature state of 80 ° C. and dissolving and mixing the fatty acid ester of polyhydric alcohol. This mixed solution also includes a step of cooling to room temperature, and a solid solution includes a molding step.

In the case where the fatty acid ester of polyhydric alcohol is difficult to dissolve in the above-mentioned dissolution process or the oil component thereof is separated, it can be solved by adding an appropriate dissolving agent and emulsifier. For example, when the fuel composition is in the form of a paste, the separation of oil can be eliminated by adding, for example, 1% by weight of carboxyvinyl polymer.

[0021]

In the present invention, the following actions are exhibited. The blending of fatty acid ester of polyhydric alcohol acts to substantially suppress the volatilization amount of the coexistent combustible liquid and to maintain the effective ignitability and combustibility of the fuel composition for a longer time. To do.

The above-described effects are similarly exerted regardless of whether the fuel composition is in a liquid, solid or paste form.

[0023]

【Example】

(Example 1) [Implementation No. 1-27] Each implementation No. Table 1 below shows the types of additives related to the formulation
It was shown to.

[Table 1] Each additive shown in Table 1 is not pure, but contains certain impurities and mixtures identified by the corresponding trade names.

Implementation No. in Table 1 1 to 18 are fuel compositions according to the present invention, which are obtained by the following method. That is, 84.3 methanol heated to 40 to 55 ° C
0.1 wt% of the corresponding additive was added to and mixed with the wt% to dissolve the carboxyvinyl polymer (Carbopol 846, molecular weight 1250000, BF Goodr.
ich Chemical Co. 5.0% by weight of solvent naphtha having 1.1% by weight dispersed therein was added with stirring, and then 5.0% by weight of purified water and 4.5% by weight of 30% methanol solution of diisopropanolamine were mixed. . This was cooled to room temperature (about 20 ° C.) to obtain a pasty fuel composition.

Further, the implementation No. The fuel composition according to 19 of the present invention has 83.4% by weight of methanol heated to 40 to 55 ° C., and 1.0% by weight of glycerin tri-12-hydroxystearate (hydrogenated castor oil) which is a corresponding additive. Was added, mixed and dissolved, and the subsequent steps were processed in exactly the same manner as the corresponding steps in the above-mentioned method to obtain a pasty fuel composition.

Implementation No. Nos. 20 to 26 are shown as comparative examples, and the execution No. Obtained by the same method as in the case of 1 etc. In addition, implementation No. No. 27 is a blank, and the above-mentioned practice No. 27 is used except that no additive is added. Obtained by the same method as in the case of 1 etc.

Next, the following tests were conducted on each of the above fuel compositions. That is, this fuel composition was applied in the form of a cylinder (10 mmφ × 13 cm) on the surface of an iron plate, and this was left at room temperature (27 to 28 ° C.) in a windless state. The initial values of the weight and the values of 1 hour, 2 hours, and 3 hours after the standing time were measured for each of the applied fuel compositions, and the results are shown in Table 2 below.

[Table 2]

Further, in Table 2 above, one hour after being left,
The possibility of ignition after 2 hours and 3 hours and the combustion state and combustion time after 3 hours are shown. Regarding the ignitability, ◯ indicates that the state was the same as in the initial state and the ignition was rapid, and Δ indicates that the ignition was relatively slow until the ignition, but
× indicates when ignition is impossible. As for the combustion state after 3 hours, as a result of visual observation, ◎ indicates a strong combustion state that does not change from the initial state, ○ indicates an effective combustion state, Δ indicates a weak but effective combustion state, × Indicates that it is in a burning state but very weak and ineffective.

According to the results shown in Table 2, the execution No. 20
~ 27 in comparison with the comparative example
o. In each of the fuel compositions 1 to 19, it was confirmed that the weight loss rate was low and the evaporation of the flammable liquid was suppressed,
It can also be confirmed that the ignitability and the effective combustion state are maintained even when left for 2 hours or more.

From the results shown in Table 2, it is also understood that the above-mentioned efficacy is excellent especially when the additive is a polyglycerin fatty acid ester having a degree of polymerization of 4 to 10.

(Example 2) 0.0001 to 10.0 with hexaglycerin stearic acid triester as an additive
Each of the pasty fuel compositions formulated in an amount within the range of wt% was prepared and tested in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 3 below. The blending amounts and manufacturing methods of the other components of the above fuel composition were in accordance with the method of Example 1.

[Table 3] The evaluation of ignitability and combustion state is the same as above.

From the results shown in Table 3, the effect of suppressing the vaporization of the contained flammable liquid is almost proportional to the amount of the additive compounded. Further, in this case, it is understood that the above-mentioned effective suppressing effect is observed and the effective ignitability and combustibility are obtained when the additive amount of the fuel composition is 0.003% by weight or more. It can also be confirmed that when the compounding amount is 0.03% by weight or more, the above-mentioned respective performances are particularly excellent. Such an effect can be obtained similarly even if the amount of the additive compounded is 10.0% by weight or more, but in this case, it is understood that the cost becomes high and it is economically disadvantageous.

(Embodiment 3) [Execution No. 28] 0.1% by weight of hexaglycerin stearic acid triester was added to 89.3% by weight of methanol heated to about 43 ° C., mixed and dissolved, and 1.1% by weight of carboxyvinyl polymer (Carbopol 846). 5.0% by weight of solvent naphtha in which was dispersed was added with stirring, and 4.5% by weight of a 30% solution of diisopropanolamine in methanol was mixed therein, and this was cooled to room temperature (about 20 ° C.). A pasty fuel composition was obtained.

Example 4 [Execution No. 29 to 31] 0.5 wt% of hexaglycerin stearic acid triester was added and mixed to 99.5 wt% of methanol heated to about 43 ° C., and cooled to room temperature (about 20 ° C.) to obtain a liquid fuel. A composition was obtained (implementation No. 29).

Further, methanol 9 heated to about 43 ° C.
To 4.5% by weight, 0.5% by weight of hexaglycerin stearic acid triester was added and mixed, and 5.0% by weight of purified water was mixed with this, and this was cooled to room temperature (about 20 ° C) to be in a liquid state. A fuel composition of No. 30 was obtained (implementation No. 30). Implementation No. 31 is a blank and consists only of methanol.

Example 5 [Execution No. 32 and 33] To 89.53% by weight of methanol heated to about 60 ° C., 0.5% by weight of hexaglycerin stearic acid triester was added and mixed and dissolved, and 8.17% by weight of stearic acid was mixed therein. Next, 2.2% by weight of 49% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution was mixed therein for neutralization, and this was poured into a glass tube (inner diameter 40 mmφ) and solidified by cooling. Then, the solidified material is cut into a columnar object (40 mmφ, length 25
mm) (implementation No. 32).

Implementation No. 33 is a blank shown as a comparative example, and is a solidified columnar product similar to the above, which is composed of 90.03% by weight of methanol, 8.17% by weight of stearic acid and 2.2% by weight of 49% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution.

Example 6 [Execution No. 34 and 35] To 97.93% by weight of methanol heated to about 60 ° C., 0.1% by weight of hexaglycerin stearic acid triester and 2.0% by weight of dibenzylidene-D-sorbitol were added and mixed and dissolved. Was poured into a glass tube (inner diameter 40 mmφ) to be cooled and solidified. Then, the solidified product was cut to obtain a columnar product (40 mmφ, length 25 mm) (implementation No.
34).

The implementation No. 35 is shown as a comparative example, and is a solidified columnar product similar to the above, which is composed of 98.0% by weight of methanol and 2.0% by weight of dibenzylidene-D-sorbitol.

The properties of the fuel compositions shown in Examples 3 to 6 and the additives contained therein are summarized in Table 4 below.

[Table 4]

Next, the above-mentioned implementation No. For the pasty fuel composition of No. 28, the same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out.
No. The liquid fuel compositions of Nos. 29 to 31 were stored in an iron receiver (inner diameter 45 mmφ, height 25 mm), and the execution No. For the solid fuel compositions of 32 to 35, the columnar objects were placed on an iron plate surface and allowed to stand at room temperature (27 to 28 ° C.) in a windless state. The initial value of the weight and the values after 1 hour, 2 hours and 3 hours from the time of standing were measured, and the possibility of ignition 1 hour, 2 hours and 3 hours after the standing was burned after 3 hours. The state and burning time are shown in Table 5 below.
Respectively shown.

[Table 5] The evaluation criteria for ignitability and combustion state are the same as above.

From the results shown in Table 5, the following effects are confirmed. That is, the implementation No. 29, No. From the result of 30, the implementation No. In comparison with the comparative example of No. 31, it can be confirmed that the effect of suppressing the evaporation of the combustible liquid and the effect of improving the combustibility are similarly obtained. In addition, implementation No. From the result of No. 32, implementation No. In comparison with the comparative example of No. 33, the execution No. From the result of No. 34, the execution No. In comparison with Comparative Example No. 35, it can be confirmed that the effect of maintaining ignitability and combustibility is exhibited even when formed into a solid state. In addition, implementation No. 28, No. From the results of No. 29, it can be confirmed that the same effects as described above are exhibited also with the anhydrous fuel composition.

[0043]

Since the present invention is constructed as described above, the following effects are exhibited. Since a fatty acid ester of a polyhydric alcohol is mixed with a fuel composition containing a flammable liquid as a main component, the flammable liquid contained in the composition exhibits an evaporation suppressing effect and also maintains an ignitability and a flammability maintaining effect. Is exhibited for a long time.

From such an effect, even when the fuel is handled as a naked body, the performance as the fuel can be maintained for a long time, and the evaporation amount of the flammable liquid contained is suppressed. The generation and danger of offensive odor due to the evaporation can be reduced.

Therefore, it can be effectively used as a heating fuel for adjusting the length of the vehicle rail described above even when it takes a long time to ignite.

Further, in the above-mentioned usage as the fuel for adjustment or heat retention, the fuel can be placed in the predetermined stove earlier than before ignition.
This is extremely convenient especially when handling a large number of people at one time.

In this case, it is possible to apply the fuel as a naked body because of the above-mentioned effects. Therefore, it is possible to provide an inexpensive fuel because the ignition operation can be performed extremely easily as compared with the pre-packaged fuel and the complicated packaging structure and the work can be omitted.

Further, even in the case of packaging fuel, a simpler packaging structure is sufficient, so that it can be more economically commercialized as compared with a conventional product.

Further, particularly when the flammable liquid is an alcohol, the evaporation thereof is suppressed more effectively, the ignitability and the combustibility are maintained for a long time exceeding 3 hours, and the combustion is further increased. Occasionally, soot and the like are less likely to occur and a relatively high amount of heat can be obtained, which is excellent.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Chisato Morita 2-5-11 Mikageishicho, Higashinada-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A fuel composition comprising a flammable liquid and a fatty acid ester of a polyhydric alcohol. 2. The fuel composition according to claim 1, wherein the fatty acid in the fatty acid ester of polyhydric alcohol is a saturated fatty acid and / or a saturated hydroxy fatty acid and has 8 to 22 carbon atoms. Stuff. 3. The fuel composition according to claim 1, wherein the polyhydric alcohol is one or more selected from glycerin, polyglycerin, pentaerythritol and sorbitol. 4. The fuel composition according to claim 1, wherein the blending amount of the fatty acid ester of polyhydric alcohol is 0.003% by weight or more and 10.0% by weight or less. 5. The fuel composition according to claim 1, wherein the fuel composition has a paste-like shape by being mixed with a thickener. 6. The fuel composition according to claim 5, wherein the thickening agent is a carboxyvinyl polymer. 7. The fuel composition according to claim 1, wherein the fuel composition is in a solid state by being mixed with a solidified base material component. 8. The fuel composition according to claim 7, wherein the solidified base component is a soap component and / or dibenzylidene-D-sorbitol. 9. The fuel composition according to claim 1, wherein the combustible liquid is an alcohol.