MX2013002094A - System for detecting wear in components of the air brake system of motor vehicles. - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention consists in a system for detecting wear in the components of the air brake system in motor vehicles, such as trucks or trailers, equipped with said system, which has a pulse detector located in the drums of the vehicle for monitoring the wear in the brake lining, which activates an alarm and GPS system. When the drum and the wear detector of the lining are brought into contact, an alarm and GPS system would be activated before said wear reaches the rivets, allowing wear to be detected on time in the bushes and drums affected by the friction of the rivets. The final wear of the lining is detected by the lack of pressure when braking, using a pulse detector in the tension adjuster of the rotochamber, which is activated according to the model of the rotochamber, thus detecting the lack of pressure when braking. The light panel of each vehicle includes a warning system with an indicator of the origin of the wear of the components or the lack of pressure in the brak ing system.

Description

SYSTEM OF DETECTION OF THE WEAR OF COMPONENTS IN THE SYSTEM OF AIR BRAKES OF AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLES TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention falls within the technical field of Mechanics, since it is a system for detecting the wear of the components of the air brake system in motor vehicles such as trucks or trailers equipped with said system.

BACKGROUND The air brake system uses compressed air to operate is an adequate safe means to stop heavy large vehicles, such as trucks trailers, it is necessary to have a good maintenance must be used correctly.

In reality, the system consists of three brake systems, namely the service brake system, the parking brake system the emergency brake system. The service brake system applies the brakes when the brake pedal is used during normal driving. The parking brake system applies the parking brakes when using the control for this type of brake. The emergency brake system uses parts of the service brake parking brake systems to stop the vehicle in the event of a brake system failure.

The system in general, is composed of numerous parts, for example, the air compressor, governor of the air compressor, air storage tanks, drains of the air tank, alcohol evaporator, safety valve, brake pedal, brakes of base, gauges, spring brakes, parking brake controls, anti-lock braking systems, among others.

The operation of an air brake system initiates its action when the driver presses the brake pedal, also known as a foot valve, in that moment a certain pressure is applied in direct relation to the force with which the pedal is pressed, the stronger the more air pressure will be applied, while the pressure will be released on the pedal the system will allow air to escape, reducing the pressure pressure of it in the tanks, stopping the brakes act when the pressure disappears. The missing pressure is recovered by the action of the compressor, so it is not advisable to press release the brake repeatedly quickly as this could cause the compressor not to replenish the air pressure in time.

One of the parts where there is greater wear by common use or by some misuse, are the base brakes, which work on each wheel. The most common type of base brake is the "S" eccentric drum brake. This brake is composed of drums, brake shoes linings. The brake drums are located at each end of the axles of the vehicle. The wheels are attached to the drums by bolts. The braking mechanism is inside the drum. To stop the vehicle, the brake shoes linings are pushed against the inside of the drum. This causes a friction that decreases the speed of the vehicle, thereby generating heat. The heat that a drum can withstwithout damage depends on the force applied to the brake how much it is used. Too much heat can make the brakes stop working. In the case of the "S" eccentric brakes, when the brake pedal is pressed, air enters each brake chamber, the air pressure pushes the rod out. That makes the regulator move, whereby the axis of the brake eccentric rotates. This action rotates the eccentric in "S", which separates the brake shoes from one another presses them against the inner face of the brake drum. When the brake pedal is released, the eccentric "S" returns to its place a spring moves the brake shoes away from the drum, allowing the wheels to spin freely again.

The brakes are designed so that the brake shoes or pads friction with the drum or brake discs to decrease the speed of the vehicle. Braking generates heat the brakes are designed to withsthigh temperatures. However, when they are used too much the effect is not used of engine braking, the brakes may fade or fail due to excessive heat. Excessive use of the service brakes causes overheating and decreases the braking capacity. The fading of the brakes results from excessive heat, which causes an expansion of the brake drums and causes chemical changes in the lining, which reduces friction. As the superheated drums expand, the shoes and lining have to move further to make contact with the drums, which reduces the contact force. Excessive use can increase braking to a point where the vehicle can no longer be stopped or reduced in speed. Brake capacity also decreases if they are not adjusted correctly. To control the vehicle safely, each brake must do its part of the work. Brakes that are not adjusted will stop doing their part before those that are properly adjusted. The other brakes could then overheat and fade and, consequently, lose their ability to control the vehicle. The brakes can get loose quickly, especially when they overheat. Therefore, you should check your correct adjustment frequently.

In this regard, it should be noted that many vehicle owners and drivers do not timely attend the monitoring, inspection and service of the brake system of their units, but until there is a considerable failure that could have been avoided with adequate and timely service, and in Sometimes, this can cause economic losses and more important injuries to drivers and even the loss of human life due to accidents caused by the brake system malfunctioning.

Therefore, an option in the face of a situation would be to have devices capable of detecting the state of the vehicle brake system in a timely manner. In this respect, the document DE19914137737, published as DE4137737 (C1), discloses a device for measuring the wear of the brake lining, where the progress of the wear, depending on the thickness of the lining, is measured by at least one detector, displaceable by the related wear with your position. This displacement is determined without contact by a light measuring system.

For its part, document US20010870485, published as US2002019688 (A1), describes a monitoring system for the braking system of tractors, trucks, trailers or buses that use the air brake system. This invention provides an apparatus for monitoring the "S" eccentric drum brake system, comprising a transducer which converts the rotation movement of the eccentric drum brakes to "S" in an electrical signal. This signal is used as the input for a microprocessor system that analyzes and compares to determine the condition of brake operations.

Document GR20010400010T, published as GR3035192 (T3), describes a detection system having at least two brake wear detectors and an indicator alarm. It uses a first electric cable which electrically connects the wear detector and a second cable, connected to the first, which extends to a branch to which the alarm indicator is connected. Wear detectors are designed to be installed on each brake pad on each side of a disc brake.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION A first object of this invention consists in a system for detecting the wear of the components of the air braking system in automotive vehicles such as trucks or trailers equipped with said system, which has a pulse detector to monitor the wear of the linings of the vehicle. brakes, which activates an alarm system and GPS (Global Positioning System for its acronym in English).

A second object of the invention consists of a method for detecting the wear of the linings of the brake system, using the characteristic device of this invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES The characteristic details of this system are clearly shown in the following description and the accompanying drawings, as well as an illustration thereof and following the same reference signs to indicate the parts and figures shown.

Figure 1 shows a sectioned front view of the main sensor of the system. 2. Figure 2 shows a sectioned isometric view of the main sensor of the system. 3. Figure 3 shows a diagram of the system applied to the brakes of a automotive vehicle.

In the previous figures you can see the following components: (1) Main pulse sensor of the system. (2) Nuts found to hold the sensor. (3) Washer to hold the sensor. (4) Segmented spring. (5) "Trade". (6) Sensors. (7) Rubber. (8) Plate holder. (9) Rattle. (10) Alarm system. (1 1) Connection wiring that sends the visual signals and activates the turret.

In drum brakes, the forces exerted by the shoe and the contact linings with the drum generate wear on both surfaces, as well as regulators and compensators. The regulators and compensators fulfill their function but do not prevent the rivet rose in the drum or the wear of the bushings, when rotating in them the cam and the camshaft, causing these wear the loss of pressure and friction between the drum and the linings, which brings as a consequence the bad functioning of the braking system.

As mentioned above, the present invention consists of a system for detecting the wear of the components of the air brake system in automotive vehicles such as trucks or trailers equipped with said system, which has a pulse detector (1) that is placed in the drums of the vehicles to monitor the wear of the brake linings, which activates an alarm system (10) and GPS (Global Positioning System for its acronym in English). At the moment of contact between the drum and the wear detector of the linings (1), an alarm system (10) and GPS is activated before reaching the rivets, allowing to detect in time the wear on the bushings and drums by the friction of the rivets. At the moment of the final wear of the linings, the lack of pressure is detected when braking, with a pulse detector in retro chamber tension adjuster, which is activated depending on the model of the retro chamber, thus detecting the lack of pressure in braking , which is caused by lack of air, atmospheric pressure, among other reasons. Likewise, in each vehicle, 5ß installs a warning system in the light panel, indicating the origin of the wear of the components or the lack of pressure in the brake system.

Claims (2)

CLAIMS Having sufficiently described my invention, I consider as a novelty and therefore claim as my exclusive property, what is contained in the following claims:

1 . A system for detecting the wear of the components of the air brake system in motor vehicles, characterized in that it comprises: - A pulse detector sensor that is placed in the drums of the brake system, and once the wear of the linings is detected, the sensor sends a signal to the alarm system and the turret, allowing to detect in time the wear on the bushings and drums by the friction of the rivets; - An alarm system that informs the user when the sensor has detected the wear of the components of the brake system; - A global positioning system device to detect the position of the vehicle, which also allows to monitor the brake system and inform the user; Y - A wiring network to connect the previous components.

2. The system according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the sensor sensor comprises: - At least one nut found to hold the sensor; - At least one washer to hold the sensor; - A segmented spring; - At least one "trade"; - At least one sensor; Y - At least one rubber band: