MX2007002065A

MX2007002065A - Hydraulic actuator for swing gates or overhead doors with pressure switch .

Info

Publication number: MX2007002065A
Application number: MX2007002065A
Authority: MX
Inventors: Antonio Alcaide Ots
Original assignee: Matz Erreka S Coop
Priority date: 2006-02-23
Filing date: 2007-02-20
Publication date: 2008-11-18
Also published as: EP1826417A2; ES2319243A1; ES2383914T3; EP1826417B1; ES2319243B1; EP1826417A3; ATE553301T1

Abstract

Hydraulic actuator for swing gates or overhead doors that comprises an electric motor (2), a hydraulic pump (3) and a hydraulic distributor (4) that distributes a fluid originated from the hydraulic pump (3) to a hydraulic cylinder (5). Said hydraulic cylinder (5) comprises two chambers (27,28) separated by a piston (8) which is displaced in its interior by the action of said fluid, causing the movement of the door. The hydraulic actuator comprises a detection means (30) that detects variations in the pressure of the fluid comprised in one of the chambers (27,28) over a rating pressure or below a normal operating pressure, including said detection means (30), an electric switch (9) and an actuating means (31) that switches said electric switch (9) on or off.

Description

HYDRAULIC ACTUATOR FOR SWING OR SWING DOORS WITH PRESSURE VARIATION DETECTOR DESCRIPTION SECTOR OF THE TECHNIQUE The present invention relates to a hydraulic actuator for swing or swing doors.

PRIOR STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE At present it is common the use of hydraulic groups for the operation of swing doors such as described, for example, in ES 8100441 Al, which comprises an electric motor, a hydraulic pump driven by said electric motor and a hydraulic distributor that distributes a fluid driven by the pump to a hydraulic cylinder, said hydraulic cylinder comprising a piston that is displaced by the pressure exerted by the fluid, causing the movement of a rod acting directly on the door.

EN 2024105 A6 describes a hydraulic unit for the operation of tilting doors comprising a pump, a distributor, a hydraulic cylinder with a piston that is displaced by the pressure exerted by the fluid and a transmission mechanism of the rack-pinion type which transforms the linear movement of the plunger in a rotational movement of an axis connected to an arm that acts directly on the door.

Said groups or hydraulic actuators in the event that the door seizes an obstacle during its opening or closing movement, continue to push the door against said obstacle exerting a pressure that will depend on the predetermined setting until the hydraulic actuator's maneuvering time expires.

EXHIBITION OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic actuator for swing or swing doors as defined in the claims.

An object of the invention is to provide a hydraulic actuator for swinging or tilting doors which, in the event of encountering an obstacle during the opening or closing movement of the door, detect the presence of said obstacle in such a way that it is possible quickly release the imprisoned obstacle. For this, the hydraulic actuator incorporates a means to detect, either an increase in the fluid pressure above a predetermined set pressure, or a decrease in the fluid pressure below a normal working pressure, since Both situations occur when the door imprisons an obstacle.

The hydraulic actuator of the invention is composed of a motor that drives a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic distributor that distributes a fluid driven by the pump Hydraulic to a hydraulic cylinder, inside which moves a piston by the action of fluid from the hydraulic distributor. The means for detecting said pressure variations is generally included in the hydraulic distributor, although it can be connected to another component element of the hydraulic actuator. Said detecting means comprises an electrical switch and an actuator means that activates or deactivates said electrical switch when it receives or stops receiving pressure. The change of state of the switch will be interpreted by a control as an obstacle found by the door during its travel, which will send to the hydraulic actuator an instruction to modify its maneuver.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a joint view of a first embodiment of the invention.

Fig.2 is a front view of the hydraulic distributor shown in Fig.l.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the hydraulic distributor shown in Fig. 1 in the closing condition of doors.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the hydraulic distributor shown in Fig. 3 in the case where the door encounters an obstacle in its closing travel.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the hydraulic distributor shown in Fig. 1 in the door opening condition.

Fig.6 is a sectional view of the hydraulic distributor shown in Fig.5 in the case where the door encounters an obstacle in its opening path.

Fig.7 is a sectional view of the hydraulic distributor according to a second embodiment of the invention, in the case where the door encounters an obstacle in its opening path.

Fig.8 is a sectional view of the hydraulic distributor shown in Fig.7, in the case where the door encounters an obstacle in its closing path.

DETAILED EXHIBITION OF THE INVENTION Fig. 1 shows a hydraulic actuator 1 for swing doors comprising a hydraulic pump 3 driven by an electric motor 2, a hydraulic distributor 4 that distributes the fluid driven by the hydraulic pump 3, a hydraulic cylinder 5 inside which displaces a double-effect piston 8 driven by the fluid from the distributor 4 and a closing cap 7 of the hydraulic cylinder 5, said hydraulic actuator 1 acting on the hinged door, through a transmission mechanism, which can be of the linear type such that a rod 8b, integrated in the plunger 8, which passes through the closing lid 7, is fixed to the door by means of an anchoring means, or for example, of the rack-and-pinion transmission type, not included in the figures, which is actuated by the plunger 8 by transforming the axial displacement of the plunger 8 in a rotational movement of the axis of the door.

The hydraulic cylinder 5 comprises a pair of chambers separated by the plunger 8, where a first chamber 27 is limited by the plunger 8 and the hydraulic distributor 4, and a second chamber 28 is limited by the plunger 8 and the closing cap 7, said second chamber 28 being communicated with the hydraulic distributor 4 through an external return duct 15.

In Fig. 2-8 the hydraulic distributor 4 is shown which includes a slide 6 fitted in a housing 12 along which it moves, driven by the fluid coming from the hydraulic pump 3 through a first delivery duct 20 and a second delivery conduit 21. The slide 6 delimits in the housing 12, a first cavity 50 communicated with the first delivery conduit 20, a second cavity 51 communicated with the second delivery conduit 21 and an intermediate cavity 52 interspersed between both cavities 50.51.

The hydraulic distributor 4 comprises a primary regulating valve 25 and a secondary regulating valve 26, both of which are set to a certain set pressure, which are housed in a respective first cavity 10 and in a second cavity 11 of the hydraulic distributor 4, both cavities 10, 11 are connected to the housing 12, respectively, through a primary connection conduit 13 and a secondary connection conduit 14.

The hydraulic distributor 4 is connected to the first chamber 27 through a primary distribution conduit 24 and with the return conduit 15, connected to the second chamber 28, through a secondary distribution conduit. 29, which in turn, communicates with the housing 12 through the secondary connection conduit 14 of the secondary regulating valve 26.

The primary regulating valve 25 is communicated with the secondary regulating valve 26 through an intermediate conduit 18 and each regulating valve 25,26 comprises a plug 40,41, a spring 42,43 and a respective screw 44,45 with which regulates the default tare pressure.

In a first embodiment of the invention, shown in Figs. 3-6, the hydraulic distributor 4 incorporates a means 30 for detecting pressures greater than the set pressure of the regulating valves 25, 26 comprising an electrical switch 9 fixed to one of the side walls 34 of said hydraulic distributor 4 and with a contact member 9b facing inwardly of said hydraulic distributor 4, a bypass conduit 33 directly connected to the cavity 10 and an actuating means 31, such as a ball, which actuates said contact member 9b, said ball being housed and guided in a cylindrical cavity 32 interposed between the bypass conduit 33 and the electrical switch 9.

Fig. 3 shows the hydraulic distributor 4 included in the hydraulic actuator 1 in the closing condition of the door, during which the motor 2 drives the hydraulic pump 3, driving the fluid through a first delivery conduit 20 of the hydraulic distributor 4, so that the slide 6 moves in the housing 12 to the left, according to Fig.3, allowing the passage of the fluid to the first chamber 27 through the conduit primary distribution 24 and closing the passage of said fluid to the secondary distribution conduit 29. The piston 8 moves, due to the pressure exerted by the fluid in the first chamber 27, until its end of stroke where the door is fully closed. During this displacement, the fluid comprised in the second chamber 28 is being evacuated towards the hydraulic distributor 4 through the return duct 15 to the intermediate chamber 52 of the housing 12, being sucked by the hydraulic pump 3.

In Fig. 4, the hydraulic distributor 4 is shown in a situation in which the door encounters an obstacle during its closing travel. When the door presses the obstacle, the motor 2 continues to operate by driving fluid through the first delivery conduit 20 without the piston 8 moving, thereby increasing the pressure of the fluid in the hydraulic distributor 4 and in the first chamber 27 until the set pressure of the primary regulating valve 25 is exceeded. At that time, the primary plug 40 of said regulating valve 25 moves against the primary spring 42 allowing the passage of the fluid to the bypass conduit 33. pressure of said fluid moves the ball 31 towards the contact member of the switch 9b by actuating it, so that it sends a signal to a control panel, not shown, so as to give the motor 2 the order to reverse the maneuver.

In Fig.5 the hydraulic distributor 4 is shown in the door opening condition, in which the motor 2 drives the hydraulic pump 3 in the opposite direction, driving the fluid through the second driving conduit 21 which displaces the slide 6 in the housing 12 towards the right side, according to Fig. 5, so as to allow the passage of the fluid to the second chamber 28 through the secondary distribution conduit 29 and the return duct 15 and closes the passage of said fluid towards the duct of primary distribution 24. The piston 8 moves, due to the effect exerted on the second chamber 28, towards the hydraulic distributor 4 until its end of stroke, where the door is fully open. During the displacement of the piston 8, the fluid comprised in the first chamber 27 flows, through the primary distribution conduit 24, to the intermediate chamber 52 of the housing 12 being sucked by the hydraulic pump 3.

In Fig.6 the hydraulic distributor 4 is shown in a situation in which the door encounters an obstacle during its opening stroke. When the door imprisons the obstacle during its opening path, it continues to drive fluid, through the secondary distribution conduit 29 towards the second chamber 28, without the piston 8 moving, thereby increasing the pressure of the fluid in the hydraulic distributor 4 and in the second chamber 28 until the setting pressure of the secondary regulating valve 26 is exceeded. At that moment, the secondary plug 41 moves against the secondary spring 43 allowing the passage of the fluid towards the bypass conduit 33, through the intermediate conduit 18. The pressure of the fluid moves the ball 31 towards the contact member of the switch 9b by actuating it, so that it sends a signal to the control panel, not represented in the figures, to act as programmed.

In a second embodiment of the invention, shown in Fig.7-8, the detection means 30 detects pressures lower than a normal working pressure of the fluid comprised in the bypass conduit 33 which is directly connected to the intermediate cavity 52 of the housing 12. The electric switch 9, in turn, is fixed on a base of the hydraulic distributor 4 opposite the base where the regulating valves 25,26 are housed and the actuator means 31 is interposed between the bypass conduit 33 and said electric switch 9. In the case if the door presses the object in its closing path (see Fig.7), the pressure of the fluid in the second chamber 28 decreases below the normal working pressure, on the contrary when the door imprisons the object in its path opening (see Fig.8) is the pressure of the fluid in the first chamber 27 which decreases below the normal working pressure. In both cases, the pressure of the fluid lodged in the bypass conduit 33 will decrease, causing the ball 31 to move, separating from the contact member of the switch 9b and deactivating said switch 9, so that it sends a signal to the control board, not represented in the figures, so that it acts according to the programmed.

Claims

1. _ Hydraulic actuator for swing or swing doors comprising • an electric motor (2), • a hydraulic pump (3) driven by the electric motor (2), • a hydraulic distributor (4) that distributes a fluid from the hydraulic pump (3) to a hydraulic cylinder (5) , said hydraulic cylinder (5) comprising two chambers (27, 28) separated by a piston (8) that moves axially inside it by the action of said fluid, causing the movement of the swinging or swinging door, characterized in that the hydraulic actuator comprises a detection means (30) for detecting a pressure increase above a set pressure or a pressure decrease below a normal working pressure, of the fluid pressure comprised in one of the cameras (27,28), including said detection means (30), an electrical switch (9) and an actuating means (31) that activates or deactivates said electrical switch (9) when said increase or said decrease in pressure occurs of the respective fluid.

2. _ Hydraulic actuator for swing doors or swing doors of claim 1, comprising a bypass conduit (33) that allows the passage of fluid to the actuator means (31), said bypass line (33) being connected to a housing (12) ) from the distributor hydraulic (4) along which moves a slide (6) driven by the fluid from the hydraulic pump (3) delimiting said slide (6), in the housing (12) at least a pair of cavities (50,51).

3. _ Hydraulic actuator for swing doors or swing doors of claim 2, wherein the hydraulic distributor (4) comprises regulation valves (25,26) regulated to open at the set pressure of the fluid, which are housed in cavities (10,11) of the hydraulic distributor (4), being connected to each other through an intermediate conduit (18) and in turn communicated with the housing (12), and the bypass conduit (33) is directly connected to one of said cavities (10,11), said bypass conduit (33) allowing the passage of a fluid whose pressure is greater than the set pressure of the regulating valves (25,26) towards the actuator means (31), which activates the electric switch (9), said electric switch (9) being fixed to said distributor hydraulic (4).

4. _ Hydraulic actuator for swing doors or swing doors of claim 2, wherein the bypass conduit (33) is directly connected to an intermediate cavity (52) delimited by the slide (6) in the housing (12), such that when the pressure of the fluid housed in said bypass conduit (33) decreases below a predetermined normal working pressure, the actuator means (31) deactivates the switch (9).

5. _ Hydraulic actuator for swing or swing doors of any of the previous claims, wherein the half actuator (31) comprises a ball, guided in a cavity (32), where it moves longitudinally as a result of the pressure of the fluid activating or deactivating the switch (9), said cavity (32) being inserted between the bypass conduit ( 33) and the switch (9).

6. _ Hydraulic actuator for swing doors or swing doors of claim 5, wherein the ball (31) has a diameter greater than the diameter of the branch pipe (33).