MD946Z - Process for cultivation of cucumbers and tomatoes - Google Patents

Process for cultivation of cucumbers and tomatoes Download PDF

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Publication number
MD946Z
MD946Z MDS20150069A MDS20150069A MD946Z MD 946 Z MD946 Z MD 946Z MD S20150069 A MDS20150069 A MD S20150069A MD S20150069 A MDS20150069 A MD S20150069A MD 946 Z MD946 Z MD 946Z
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Moldova
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algae
soil
nitrogen
productivity
tomatoes
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MDS20150069A
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Romanian (ro)
Russian (ru)
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Серджиу ДОБРОЖАН
Виктор ШАЛАРУ
Василе ШАЛАРУ
Ирина СТРАТУЛАТ
Евгений СЕМЕНЮК
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Государственный Университет Молд0
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Publication of MD946Z publication Critical patent/MD946Z/en

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Abstract

Изобретение относится к сельскому хозяйству, а именно к способу выращивания огурцов и томатов.Способ, согласно изобретению, включает посадку рассады огурцов или томатов и их культивирование. Одновременно с посадкой рассады на поверхность почвы наносится живая биомасса водоросли Nostoc flagelliforme CNMN-CB-08 в дозе 3…5 кг/га.Результат состоит в обогащении почвы азотом и повышении продуктивности растений.The invention relates to agriculture, and in particular to a method for growing cucumbers and tomatoes. The method according to the invention includes planting seedlings of cucumbers or tomatoes and their cultivation. Along with planting seedlings, the living biomass of algae Nostoc flagelliforme CNMN-CB-08 is applied at a dose of 3 ... 5 kg / ha. The result consists in enriching the soil with nitrogen and increasing plant productivity.

Description

Invenţia se referă la agricultură, şi anume la un procedeu de cultivare a castraveţilor şi tomatelor. The invention relates to agriculture, namely to a process for cultivating cucumbers and tomatoes.

Invenţia are scopul de a majora cantitatea azotului fixat în sol pe cale biologică şi de a spori productivitatea plantelor de cultură. The invention aims to increase the amount of nitrogen fixed in the soil biologically and to enhance the productivity of crop plants.

Este cunoscut un procedeu de îmbogăţire a solului cu azot pentru stimularea productivităţii plantelor de cultură, care prevede administrarea biomasei algelor cianofite în doza de 1 kg/ha biomasă uscată şi adăugarea îngrăşămintelor chimice: superfosfat - 112,1 kg/ha şi molibdat de natriu - 0,25 kg/ha. A process of enriching the soil with nitrogen to stimulate the productivity of cultivated plants is known, which involves the administration of cyanophyte algae biomass at a dose of 1 kg/ha dry biomass and the addition of chemical fertilizers: superphosphate - 112.1 kg/ha and sodium molybdate - 0.25 kg/ha.

Neajunsul acestui procedeu constă în faptul că algele cianofite stimulează productivitatea orezului doar cu 27,48% şi asigură fixarea a 25 kg N/ha [1]. The drawback of this process is that cyanophyte algae stimulate rice productivity by only 27.48% and ensure the fixation of 25 kg N/ha [1].

Mai este cunoscut un procedeu de administrare a biomasei algelor cianofite pentru îmbogăţirea solului cu azot şi sporirea productivităţii plantelor de cultură, care constă în administrarea biomasei vii a policulturii algelor cianofite Aulosira, Tolypothrix, Scytonema, Nostoc, Anabaena şi Plectonema, în doze de 8…10 kg/ha, la cultivarea orezului. There is also a known process for administering cyanophyte algae biomass to enrich the soil with nitrogen and increase the productivity of crop plants, which consists of administering the living biomass of the polyculture of cyanophyte algae Aulosira, Tolypothrix, Scytonema, Nostoc, Anabaena and Plectonema, in doses of 8…10 kg/ha, when cultivating rice.

Procedeul cunoscut are ca dezavantaj principal, de asemenea, faptul că algele fixează o cantitate mică de azot - 20…30 kgN/ha şi stimulează productivitatea plantelor doar cu 14% [2]. The known process also has as its main disadvantage the fact that algae fix a small amount of nitrogen - 20…30 kgN/ha and stimulates plant productivity by only 14% [2].

Problema pe care o rezolvă prezenta invenţie constă în elaborarea unui procedeu de îmbogăţire a solului cu azot şi de stimulare a productivităţii plantelor de cultură, care ar asigura majorarea cantitativă a azotului fixat în sol şi creşterea roadei culturilor agricole. The problem solved by the present invention consists in developing a process for enriching the soil with nitrogen and stimulating the productivity of crop plants, which would ensure the quantitative increase of nitrogen fixed in the soil and the increase in the yield of agricultural crops.

Procedeul de cultivare a castraveţilor şi tomatelor include plantarea răsadului de castraveţi sau tomate şi cultivarea acestora, odată cu plantarea pe suprafaţa solului se aplică biomasă vie de algă Nostoc flagelliforme CNMN-CB-08 în doză de 3…5 kg/ha. The process of cultivating cucumbers and tomatoes includes planting cucumber or tomato seedlings and cultivating them. Along with planting, live biomass of Nostoc flagelliforme algae CNMN-CB-08 is applied to the soil surface at a dose of 3...5 kg/ha.

Rezultatul constă în îmbogăţirea solului cu azot şi majorarea productivităţii plantelor, şi anume cantitatea de azot biologic fixat în sol a crescut cu 5,0…13,3%, iar productivitatea plantelor - cu 19,98…66,00%. În invenţie alga Nostoc flagelliforme CNMN-CB-08 fixează în sol 21…40 kg N/ha, iar în soluţia cea mai apropiată algele fixează 20…30 kg N/ha. Productivitatea plantelor la realizarea invenţiei este mai mare cu 33,98…80,00%, iar în soluţia cea mai apropiată cu 14%. The result is the enrichment of the soil with nitrogen and the increase in plant productivity, namely the amount of biologically fixed nitrogen in the soil increased by 5.0…13.3%, and plant productivity - by 19.98…66.00%. In the invention, the algae Nostoc flagelliforme CNMN-CB-08 fixes 21…40 kg N/ha in the soil, and in the closest solution the algae fixes 20…30 kg N/ha. The productivity of plants when implementing the invention is higher by 33.98…80.00%, and in the closest solution by 14%.

Rezultatul se datorează faptului că alga Nostoc flagelliforme CNMN-CB-08 se acomodează uşor la condiţiile pedoclimatice din seră şi fixează azotul atmosferic transformându-l în formă accesibilă plantelor, contribuind astfel la accelerarea proceselor fiziologice şi la creşterea productivităţii lor. The result is due to the fact that the Nostoc flagelliforme algae CNMN-CB-08 easily adapts to the pedoclimatic conditions in the greenhouse and fixes atmospheric nitrogen, transforming it into a form accessible to plants, thus contributing to the acceleration of physiological processes and increasing their productivity.

Exemplul 1 Example 1

S-a cultivat alga cianofită Nostoc flagelliforme CNMN-CB-08, după metoda periodică, în condiţii de laborator la temperatura de 25…30°C, iluminarea de 7400 lx utilizând mediul nutritiv Gusev [Л. А. Сиренко, А. И. Сакевич и др. Методы физиолого-биологического исследования водрослей в гидробиологической практике. Киев, Наукова Думка, 1975, р. 241]. Biomasa colectată la a 12-a zi a fost separată de mediul nutritiv prin filtrare în vid. S-au cântărit 3…5 kg din biomasa obţinută, s-au amestecat bine cu ajutorul unui mixer şi s-au suspendat în 300 L de apă utilizată la irigare. Suspensia de algă a fost administrată prin stropire uniformă pe o suprafaţă de 1 ha de sol plantat cu răsad de tomate. La a 85-a zi de la administrarea algei, s-a obţinut o majorare a conţinutului de azot total din sol cu 30…40 kg/ha şi o creştere a productivităţii tomatelor cu 80% comparativ cu lotul fără administrare de algă. Rezultatele sunt prezentate în tab. 1. The cyanophyte algae Nostoc flagelliforme CNMN-CB-08 was cultivated, according to the periodic method, in laboratory conditions at a temperature of 25…30°C, illumination of 7400 lx using the Gusev nutrient medium [L. A. Sirenko, A. I. Sakevich et al. Methods of physiological and biological research of algae in hydrobiological practice. Kiev, Naukova Dumka, 1975, p. 241]. The biomass collected on the 12th day was separated from the nutrient medium by vacuum filtration. 3…5 kg of the obtained biomass were weighed, mixed well with a mixer and suspended in 300 L of water used for irrigation. The algal suspension was administered by uniform spraying on an area of 1 ha of soil planted with tomato seedlings. On the 85th day after the algae administration, an increase in the total nitrogen content in the soil by 30…40 kg/ha and an increase in tomato productivity by 80% was obtained compared to the group without algae administration. The results are presented in Table 1.

Tabelul 1 Table 1

Conţinutul de azot din sol şi productivitatea tomatelor la administrarea algei cianofite Nostoc flagelliforme CNMN-CB-08 Soil nitrogen content and tomato productivity when treated with the cyanophyte alga Nostoc flagelliforme CNMN-CB-08

Indicii analizaţi Loturile experimentale Lotul 1- administrarea algei Nostoc flagelliforme CNMN-CB-08 în doză de 3…5 kg/ha Lotul 2- fără administrarea algei Cea mai apropiată soluţie Azotul fixat în sol, kg/ha 30…40 5 20…30 Productivitatea plantelor de cultură, t/ha 61,64±4,89 (cu 80% mai mult decât în lotul 2) 34,24±3,26 Cu 14% mai mult decât în lotul fără administrarea algeiAnalyzed indices Experimental lots Lot 1 - administration of the algae Nostoc flagelliforme CNMN-CB-08 at a dose of 3…5 kg/ha Lot 2 - without administration of the algae The closest solution Nitrogen fixed in the soil, kg/ha 30…40 5 20…30 Productivity of cultivated plants, t/ha 61.64±4.89 (80% more than in lot 2) 34.24±3.26 14% more than in the lot without administration of the algae

Exemplul 2 Example 2

S-a cultivat alga cianofită Nostoc flagelliforme CNMN-CB -08, după metoda periodică, în condiţii de laborator la temperatura de 25…30°C, iluminarea de 7400 lx utilizând mediul nutritiv Gusev [Л. А. Сиренко, А. И. Сакевич и др. Методы физиолого-биологического исследования водрослей в гидробиологической практике. Киев, Наукова Думка, 1975, р. 241]. The cyanophyte alga Nostoc flagelliforme CNMN-CB -08 was cultivated, according to the periodic method, in laboratory conditions at a temperature of 25...30°C, illumination of 7400 lx using the nutrient medium Gusev [Л. A. Sirenko, A. И. Sakevich and others. Methods of physiological-biological research of algae in hydrobiological practice. Киев, Наукова Думка, 1975, р. 241].

Biomasa colectată la a 12-a zi a fost separată de mediul nutritiv prin filtrare în vid. S-au cântărit 3…5 kg din biomasa obţinută, s-au amestecat bine cu un mixer şi s-au suspendat în 300 L de apă utilizată la irigare. Suspensia de algă s-a administrat (prin stropire uniformă) pe o suprafaţă de 1 ha de sol plantat cu răsad de castraveţi. Pe parcursul experimentelor în sol s-a adăugat azot 400 kg/ha. S-a stabilit că alga contribuie la consumul azotului chimic introdus şi la fixarea azotului atmosferic. La a 75-a zi de la administrarea algei, s-a obţinut o majorare a conţinutului de azot total în sol cu 21…28 kg/ha şi o creştere a productivităţii castraveţilor cu 33,98% comparativ cu lotul fără administrarea algei. Rezultatele sunt prezentate în tab. 2. The biomass collected on the 12th day was separated from the nutrient medium by vacuum filtration. 3…5 kg of the obtained biomass were weighed, mixed well with a mixer and suspended in 300 L of water used for irrigation. The algae suspension was administered (by uniform spraying) on a surface of 1 ha of soil planted with cucumber seedlings. During the experiments, 400 kg/ha of nitrogen was added to the soil. It was established that the algae contributes to the consumption of the introduced chemical nitrogen and to the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen. On the 75th day after the algae administration, an increase in the total nitrogen content in the soil by 21…28 kg/ha and an increase in cucumber productivity by 33.98% was obtained compared to the batch without algae administration. The results are presented in tab. 2.

Tabelul 2 Table 2

Conţinutul de azot din sol şi productivitatea castraveţilor la administrarea algei cianofite Nostoc flagelliforme CNMN-CB-08 Soil nitrogen content and cucumber productivity when treated with the cyanophyte algae Nostoc flagelliforme CNMN-CB-08

Indicii analizaţi Loturile experimentale Lotul 1- administrarea algei Nostoc flagelliforme CNMN-CB-08 în doza de 3…5 kg/ha Lotul 2- fără administrarea algei Cea mai apropiată soluţie Azotul fixat în sol, kg/ha 21…28 2 20…30 Productivitatea plantelor de cultură, t/ha 110 (cu 33,98% mai mult decât în lotul 2) 82,1 Cu 14% mai mult decât în lotul fără administrarea algeiAnalyzed indices Experimental lots Lot 1 - administration of the algae Nostoc flagelliforme CNMN-CB-08 at a dose of 3…5 kg/ha Lot 2 - without administration of the algae The closest solution Nitrogen fixed in the soil, kg/ha 21…28 2 20…30 Productivity of crop plants, t/ha 110 (33.98% more than in lot 2) 82.1 14% more than in the lot without administration of the algae

În final s-a obţinut o majorare a conţinutului de azot fixat pe cale biologică cu 5,0…13,3% şi o sporire a productivităţii plantelor de cultură cu 19,98…66,00%, faţă de cea mai apropiată soluţie. In the end, an increase in the biologically fixed nitrogen content by 5.0…13.3% and an increase in crop productivity by 19.98…66.00% was achieved, compared to the closest solution.

1. FAO soil bulletin, Food and agriculture organization of the United Nations. Application of nitrogen-fixing in soil management. FOA ORG, 1982, p. 193 1. FAO soil bulletin, Food and agriculture organization of the United Nations. Application of nitrogen-fixing in soil management. FOA ORG, 1982, p. 193

2. P. A. Roger, S. A. Kulasooriya. Blue-green algae and rice. The international rice reserch institute, 1980, p. 86-89 2. P.A. Roger, S.A. Kulasooriya. Blue-green algae and rice. The international rice research institute, 1980, p. 86-89

Claims (1)

Procedeu de cultivare a castraveţilor şi tomatelor, care include plantarea răsadului de castraveţi sau tomate şi cultivarea acestora, caracterizat prin aceea că odată cu plantarea pe suprafaţa solului se aplică biomasă vie de algă Nostoc flagelliforme CNMN-CB-08 în doză de 3…5 kg/ha.Process for cultivating cucumbers and tomatoes, which includes planting cucumber or tomato seedlings and cultivating them, characterized in that together with planting, live biomass of Nostoc flagelliforme algae CNMN-CB-08 is applied to the soil surface in a dose of 3...5 kg/ha.
MDS20150069A 2014-03-03 2014-03-03 Process for cultivation of cucumbers and tomatoes MD946Z (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105875002A (en) * 2016-04-12 2016-08-24 江苏省农业科学院 Biogas slurry, water and fertilizer integrated safe application method for protected cucumbers

Families Citing this family (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
MD1213Z (en) * 2017-06-24 2018-07-31 Институт Микробиологии И Биотехнологии Академии Наук Молдовы Process for growing cucumbers

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MD497Z (en) * 2011-11-14 2012-11-30 Институт Генетики, Физиологии И Защиты Растений Академии Наук Молдовы Process for cultivation of tomatoes
  • 2014

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR920003238B1 (en) * 1990-06-07 1992-04-25 정상현 Process for the production of soil conditioner by microorgamism
JP2006124186A (en) * 2004-10-26 2006-05-18 Tokyo Univ Of Agriculture & Technology Method for producing liquid fertilizer containing living cyanobacteria and liquid fertilizer containing living cyanobacteria
FR2910469A1 (en) * 2006-12-26 2008-06-27 Osmobio Sa Composition having fertilizing and anti-foam action in the form of organic nitrogen fertilizer, useful for lawns, comprises an extract of marine algae associated with molecules of biological origin
MD497Z (en) * 2011-11-14 2012-11-30 Институт Генетики, Физиологии И Защиты Растений Академии Наук Молдовы Process for cultivation of tomatoes

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FAO soil bulletin, Food and agriculture organization of the United Nations. Application of nitrogen-fixing in soil management. FOA ORG, 1982, p. 193 *
P. A. Roger, S. A. Kulasooriya. Blue-green algae and rice. The international rice reserch institute, 1980, p. 86-89 *
Usturoi Rodica şi alţii. Cyanofite - sursă de substanţe nutritive. Şalaru Victor, Usturoi Rodica. Nostoc flagelliforme (Berk et. Curt.) Elenk - o nouă sursă de substanţe biologic active. Conferinţa ştiinţifică naţională cu participare internaţională consacrată celei de-a 50 aniversări de la fondarea Secţiei de Microbiologie PROBLEME ACTUALE ALE MICROBIOLOGIEI ŞI BIOTEHNOLOGIEI Chişinău, Republica Moldova, 5-6 octombrie 2009, Academia de Ştiinţe a Moldovei Institutul de Microbiologie şi Biotehnologie Societatea Microbiologilor din Republica Moldova, Chişinău, 2009, găsit Internet: <URL: <http://www.imb.asm.md/uploades/File/IMB_conf.pdf> > *
Л. А. Сиренко, А. И. Сакевич и др. Методы физиолого-биологического исследования водрослей в гидробиологической практике. Киев. Наукова Думка, 1975, р. 241 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105875002A (en) * 2016-04-12 2016-08-24 江苏省农业科学院 Biogas slurry, water and fertilizer integrated safe application method for protected cucumbers

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