MD4530C1 - Phytocatalytic preparation for stimulation of methanogenesis - Google Patents
Phytocatalytic preparation for stimulation of methanogenesis Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- MD4530C1 MD4530C1 MDA20150105A MD20150105A MD4530C1 MD 4530 C1 MD4530 C1 MD 4530C1 MD A20150105 A MDA20150105 A MD A20150105A MD 20150105 A MD20150105 A MD 20150105A MD 4530 C1 MD4530 C1 MD 4530C1
- Authority
- MD
- Moldova
- Prior art keywords
- preparation
- phytocatalytic
- biogas
- methanogenesis
- biomass
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 title claims description 4
- 241001070941 Castanea Species 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000014036 Castanea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 240000001592 Amaranthus caudatus Species 0.000 description 8
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000696 methanogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000009328 Amaranthus caudatus Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000012735 amaranth Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000004178 amaranth Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000005706 microflora Species 0.000 description 3
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003851 biochemical process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000007949 saponins Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- HVCOBJNICQPDBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[3-[3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxydecanoyloxy]decanoic acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.OC1C(OC(CC(=O)OC(CCCCCCC)CC(O)=O)CCCCCCC)OC(C)C(O)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(C)O1 HVCOBJNICQPDBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PLXMOAALOJOTIY-FPTXNFDTSA-N Aesculin Natural products OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1Oc2cc3C=CC(=O)Oc3cc2O PLXMOAALOJOTIY-FPTXNFDTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- WNBCMONIPIJTSB-BGNCJLHMSA-N Cichoriin Natural products O([C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)c1c(O)cc2c(OC(=O)C=C2)c1 WNBCMONIPIJTSB-BGNCJLHMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000103152 Eleocharis tuberosa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014309 Eleocharis tuberosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930186217 Glycolipid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 102000003886 Glycoproteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000288 Glycoproteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005862 Whey Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000007544 Whey Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010046377 Whey Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000789 acetogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000141 anti-hypoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002790 anti-mutagenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940011399 escin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930186222 escin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- XHCADAYNFIFUHF-TVKJYDDYSA-N esculin Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC(C(=C1)O)=CC2=C1OC(=O)C=C2 XHCADAYNFIFUHF-TVKJYDDYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940093496 esculin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AWRMZKLXZLNBBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N esculin Natural products OC1OC(COc2cc3C=CC(=O)Oc3cc2O)C(O)C(O)C1O AWRMZKLXZLNBBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001030 gas--liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010841 municipal wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930000223 plant secondary metabolite Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Landscapes
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
Invenţia se referă la procesele de prelucrare a deşeurilor cu obţinerea biogazului, şi anume la un preparat fitocatalitic pentru stimularea metanogenezei, care conţine o suspensie de 20…50% de seminţe de castan, mărunţite până la dimensiuni de 0,5…5,0 µm, în borhot de la distilarea alcoolului şi conservanţi în doză de 0,5…1,0 ml/dm3 suspensie.The invention relates to the processes for processing waste with biogas, namely a phytocatalytic preparation for stimulating methanogenesis, which contains a suspension of 20 ... 50% of chestnut seeds, minced up to 0.5 ... 5.0 µm , in alcohol from alcohol distillation and preservatives in the dose of 0.5 ... 1.0 ml / dm3 suspension.
Description
Invenţia se referă la procesele de prelucrare a deşeurilor cu obţinerea biogazului, şi anume la un preparat fitocatalitic pentru stimularea metanogenezei şi poate fi utilizată pentru a creşte eficienţa procesului de formare a biogazului, majorând conţinutul de biometan şi fertilizanţi organici din instalaţiile de tratare a deşeurilor, şi anume a nămolurilor instalaţiilor urbane şi rurale de tratare. The invention relates to waste processing processes with biogas production, namely to a phytocatalytic preparation for stimulating methanogenesis and can be used to increase the efficiency of the biogas formation process, increasing the content of biomethane and organic fertilizers in waste treatment facilities, namely of the sludge of urban and rural treatment facilities.
Este cunoscut catalizatorul organic - zărul de lapte, ca deşeu de la prelucrarea laptelui utilizat pentru fermentarea anaerobă a unui substrat organic cu obţinerea biogazului [1]. Astfel, în calitate de substrat se utilizează dejecţiile animaliere mărunţite până la mărimea particulelor de 0,5…0,7 cm. Iar catalizatorul se introduce în volum de 5…10% din masa substratului organic. Dezavantajul acestui agent catalitic sunt concentraţiile mari introduse în biomasa cu un grad mic de mărunţire, precum şi caracterul specific al acestui deşeu, care de obicei se utilizează la producerea hranei animaliere. Totodată, acest adaos la biomasă este limitat pentru aplicare şi inaccesibil pentru utilizarea la scară largă în tehnologia biogazului, iar eficienţa nu este mare. The organic catalyst is known - milk whey, as waste from milk processing used for the anaerobic fermentation of an organic substrate to obtain biogas [1]. Thus, as a substrate, animal droppings are used, shredded to a particle size of 0.5...0.7 cm. And the catalyst is introduced in a volume of 5...10% of the mass of the organic substrate. The disadvantage of this catalytic agent is the high concentrations introduced into the biomass with a low degree of shredding, as well as the specific character of this waste, which is usually used in the production of animal feed. At the same time, this addition to biomass is limited for application and inaccessible for large-scale use in biogas technology, and the efficiency is not high.
Cel mai apropiat de invenţia propusă este procedeul de mărire a producţiei de biogaz din nămolurile staţiilor de epurare, din care este cunoscută utilizarea amarantului în calitate de preparat fitocatalitic pentru stimularea metanogenezei [2]. În acest caz în calitate de fitomasă se aplică un amestec, în raport de masă de 1: (2…5), de materie uscată de amarant (ştir) şi nămol dispersat în apă într-un raport de 1 : (15…20). Totuşi, acest proces necesită o etapă suplimentară de diluţie a materiei prime cu apă, iar cantitatea de amarant uscat şi mărunţit, administrată ca stimulent al procesului de formare a biogazului, de 10…50% din masa uscată a nămolului este prea mare. În plus, obţinerea plantei de amarant folosită în acest proces necesită volum mare de muncă şi teren arabil special pentru cultivare. Suplimentar, este dificilă mărunţirea fină a acestei materii prime vegetale pentru a asigura disponibilitatea microorganismelor în digestia anaerobă a biomasei. The closest to the proposed invention is the process of increasing the production of biogas from sewage sludge, of which the use of amaranth as a phytocatalytic preparation for the stimulation of methanogenesis is known [2]. In this case, as phytomass, a mixture is applied, in a mass ratio of 1: (2...5), of amaranth dry matter (stir) and sludge dispersed in water in a ratio of 1: (15...20) . However, this process requires an additional step of diluting the raw material with water, and the amount of dried and shredded amaranth, administered as a stimulus for the biogas formation process, of 10...50% of the dry mass of the sludge, is too high. In addition, obtaining the amaranth plant used in this process requires a large amount of work and arable land specifically for cultivation. Additionally, it is difficult to finely grind this vegetable raw material to ensure the availability of microorganisms in the anaerobic digestion of biomass.
Problema tehnică pe care o soluţionează invenţia constă în reducerea costurilor, extinderea gamei de instrumente eficiente pentru tratarea deşeurilor organice agricole şi de la staţiile de epurare a apelor uzate municipale, precum şi îmbunătăţirea eficienţei procesului de formare a biogazului cu mărirea vitezei metanogenezei şi obţinerea biogazului cu conţinut ridicat de metan întru soluţionarea problemelor actuale de mediu şi energetice. The technical problem that the invention solves consists in reducing costs, expanding the range of effective tools for treating agricultural organic waste and from municipal wastewater treatment plants, as well as improving the efficiency of the biogas formation process by increasing the speed of methanogenesis and obtaining biogas with high methane content to solve current environmental and energy problems.
Invenţia soluţionează problema prin aceea că se propune un preparat fitocatalitic pentru stimularea metanogenezei, care conţine o suspensie de 20…50% de seminţe de castan, mărunţite până la dimensiuni de 0,5…5,0 µm, în borhot de la distilarea alcoolului şi conservanţi în doză de 0,5…1,0 ml/dm3 suspensie. Totodată preparatul conţine în calitate de conservanţi acid propionic şi acid formic. The invention solves the problem by proposing a phytocatalytic preparation for the stimulation of methanogenesis, which contains a suspension of 20...50% of chestnut seeds, crushed to a size of 0.5...5.0 µm, in borhot from the distillation of alcohol and preservatives in a dose of 0.5...1.0 ml/dm3 suspension. At the same time, the preparation contains propionic acid and formic acid as preservatives.
Avantajele invenţiei constau în următoarele. The advantages of the invention consist of the following.
1. Castanele, aplicate pentru a stimula procesul de formare a biogazului, sunt o materie primă ieftină, non-deficit şi puţin utilizată, care poate fi colectată în cantităţi mari toamna din copacii plantaţi în zonele urbane, parcuri, marginile şoselelor şi asociaţii vegetale spontane, fapt care nu necesită spaţii suplimentare pentru cultivare şi cheltuieli pentru îngrijire, acestea limitându-se mai mult la necesitatea colectării roadei seminţelor. Roada mare de castane şi conţinutul ridicat de proteine face castanul o materie primă vegetală regenerabilă promiţătoare. Este cunoscut faptul că castanele sunt una dintre materiile biologic active eficiente în practica medicală. Utilizarea castanului pentru stimularea procesului de metanogeneză, conform invenţiei, se aplică pentru prima dată în scopuri practice în tehnologia biochimică. Acest proces a fost modelat în condiţii de laborator şi a trecut testările pilot. Conţinutul ridicat de azot proteic în biomasa de castan exclude nevoia de fertilizare specială cu azot a mediului de fermentaţie. 1. Chestnuts, applied to stimulate the process of biogas formation, are a cheap, non-scarce and little-used raw material that can be collected in large quantities in autumn from trees planted in urban areas, parks, roadsides and spontaneous plant associations , a fact that does not require additional spaces for cultivation and expenses for care, these being limited more to the need to collect the fruit of the seeds. The large chestnut fruit and the high protein content make the chestnut a promising renewable vegetable raw material. It is known that chestnuts are one of the effective biologically active substances in medical practice. The use of the chestnut to stimulate the methanogenesis process, according to the invention, is applied for the first time for practical purposes in biochemical technology. This process was modeled under laboratory conditions and passed pilot tests. The high content of protein nitrogen in the chestnut biomass excludes the need for special nitrogen fertilization of the fermentation medium.
2. Seminţele de castan, spre deosebire de biomasa plantelor de amarant, se supun uşor mărunţirii până la 0,5…5,0 µm cu utilaj convenţional - moară cu ciocane, dezintegrator, moară coloidală şi alte instalaţii. Dispersia particulelor de seminţe de castan zdrobite oferă atât posibilitatea dozării preparatului stimulent, cât şi creşterea disponibilităţii microorganismelor în procesul de fermentare biochimică, datorită transferului de masă îmbunătăţit în bioreactor. Aceasta, la rândul său, ridică eficienţa procesului de metanogeneză, accelerându-l semnificativ, măreşte randamentul specific al biometanului şi creşte coeficientul de fermentaţie a biomasei. 2. Chestnut seeds, unlike amaranth plant biomass, are easily crushed up to 0.5...5.0 µm with conventional equipment - hammer mill, disintegrator, colloidal mill and other installations. The dispersion of crushed chestnut seed particles offers both the possibility of dosing the stimulant preparation, as well as increasing the availability of microorganisms in the biochemical fermentation process, due to the improved mass transfer in the bioreactor. This, in turn, raises the efficiency of the methanogenesis process, significantly accelerating it, increases the specific yield of biomethane and increases the biomass fermentation coefficient.
3. Seminţele de castan zdrobite conţin un şir de substanţe biologic active, cum ar fi glicozide triterpenice din grupa saponinelor (esculină, escină, artrestsin, fracsin) până la 10%, amidon până la 49,5%, compuşi proteici până la 10% şi o serie de vitamine din grupele C, B şi K, care favorabil influenţează dezvoltarea microorganismelor metanogene şi contribuie la accelerarea proceselor anaerobe ale fermentării şi creşterea randamentului biometanului (CH4) cu reducerea corespunzătoare a cantităţii de CO2 în compoziţia acestuia. 3. Crushed chestnut seeds contain a range of biologically active substances, such as triterpene glycosides from the saponin group (esculin, escin, artrestin, fracsin) up to 10%, starch up to 49.5%, protein compounds up to 10% and a series of vitamins from groups C, B and K, which favorably influence the development of methanogenic microorganisms and contribute to the acceleration of anaerobic fermentation processes and the increase of biomethane yield (CH4) with the corresponding reduction of the amount of CO2 in its composition.
4. Umiditatea iniţială a nămolului activ de la staţiile municipale primare de epurare este de 92…96%. Partea biodegradabilă organic sau componenta fără cenuşă în acest nămol este de 70….75% substanţe uscate şi prezintă substanţe glicolipidice şi glicoproteinice, dintre care 60% se transformă în biogaz. În acelaşi timp, fulgii de nămol, constând dintr-un număr mare de celule microbiene, posedă o suprafaţă specifică foarte mare. 4. The initial humidity of the activated sludge from the primary municipal sewage treatment plants is 92...96%. The organically biodegradable part or ash-free component in this sludge is 70....75% dry substances and presents glycolipid and glycoprotein substances, of which 60% turns into biogas. At the same time, sludge flakes, consisting of a large number of microbial cells, possess a very large specific surface.
5. În condiţii anaerobe, în absenţa oxigenului atmosferic şi substratului nutritiv celulele microbiene ale bacteriilor se autodistrug transformându-se în materie organică predominant de natură proteică. În aceste condiţii, încep să se dezvolte două tipuri principale de bacterii metanogene prezente în mediul de fermentaţie, care participă la producerea metanului în două moduri principale: un tip din acestea produc metanul din CO2 şi H2, iar celălalt tip - din acetatul care se formează la faza acetogenică a procesului biochimic al fermentării anaerobe. 5. In anaerobic conditions, in the absence of atmospheric oxygen and the nutrient substrate, the microbial cells of the bacteria self-destruct, turning into organic matter predominantly of a protein nature. Under these conditions, two main types of methanogenic bacteria present in the fermentation medium begin to develop, which participate in the production of methane in two main ways: one type of them produces methane from CO2 and H2, and the other type - from the acetate that is formed at the acetogenic phase of the biochemical process of anaerobic fermentation.
6. Pentru a accelera acumularea florei metanogene în bioreactor în perioada iniţială a demarării procesului metanogenezei anaerobe, suplimentar pot fi introduse microorganisme metanogene şi substanţe active prezente în dejecţiile de bovine. 6. In order to accelerate the accumulation of methanogenic flora in the bioreactor during the initial period of starting the anaerobic methanogenesis process, methanogenic microorganisms and active substances present in cattle manure can additionally be introduced.
7. Mecanismul efectului stimulent al preparatului propus are caracter fitocatalitic. Efectul substanţelor biologic active din seminţele de castan asupra procesului de digestie anaerobă a substratului organic este legat de activitatea biochimică a acestora antioxidantă, antihipoxică şi antimutagenică, care previne deteriorarea membranelor celulare ale microorganismelor, contribuie la stabilizarea procesului biochimic, stimulează creşterea şi reproducerea bacteriilor metanogene, ceea ce accelerează procesul de digestie anaerobă a nămolurilor. 7. The mechanism of the stimulating effect of the proposed preparation has a phytocatalytic character. The effect of biologically active substances from chestnut seeds on the process of anaerobic digestion of the organic substrate is related to their antioxidant, antihypoxic and antimutagenic biochemical activity, which prevents damage to the cell membranes of microorganisms, contributes to the stabilization of the biochemical process, stimulates the growth and reproduction of methanogenic bacteria, which accelerates the process of anaerobic digestion of sludge.
8. Procesarea biomasei seminţelor de castan măcinate în borhot de la distilarea alcoolului, datorită conţinutului rezidual în acesta de solvenţi organici activi (etanol şi alcooli superiori), efectuată în timpul pregătirii preparatului fitocatalitic omogenizat, contribuie la extragerea unui şir de fitocomponente din seminţele de castan. Aceasta, la rândul său, asigură uniformitatea dozării în biomasa supusă fermentării şi facilitează accesul la consorţiumurile de microorganisme metanogenice şi activarea efectului fitocatalitic asupra lor, ceea ce contribuie la accelerarea procesului metanogenezei anaerobe, măreşte randamentul biometanului în compoziţia biogazului şi în acelaşi timp creşte coeficientul biomasei fermentate. 8. The processing of the biomass of chestnut seeds ground in borhot from alcohol distillation, due to its residual content of active organic solvents (ethanol and higher alcohols), carried out during the preparation of the homogenized phytocatalytic preparation, contributes to the extraction of a series of phytocomponents from chestnut seeds . This, in turn, ensures the uniformity of the dosage in the biomass subjected to fermentation and facilitates access to the consortia of methanogenic microorganisms and the activation of the phytocatalytic effect on them, which contributes to the acceleration of the anaerobic methanogenesis process, increases the biomethane yield in the biogas composition and at the same time increases the biomass coefficient fermented.
9. Colectarea materiei prime pentru pregătirea prepartului fitocatalitic este sezonieră. În comparaţie cu condiţiile aplicabile pentru planta de amarant, care, după colectare rapid se ofileşte, şi până la următoarea colectare în sezonul de vară treptat îşi pierde proprietăţile fitostimulente, seminţele de castan măcinate şi omogenizate în borhot nu-şi pierd proprietăţile lor fitocatalitice şi au o stabilitate suficient de mare în timp. Datorită omogenizării preparatul fitocatalitic propus poate fi uşor dozat în procesul de fermentare anaerobă folosind echipament standard, cum ar fi pompele de dozare dotate cu piston, pompele cu acţiune peristaltică şi alte sisteme cunoscute. 9. The collection of raw material for the preparation of the phytocatalytic preparation is seasonal. Compared to the conditions applicable to the amaranth plant, which, after collection, quickly withers, and until the next collection in the summer season gradually loses its phytostimulant properties, the chestnut seeds ground and homogenized in borhot do not lose their phytocatalytic properties and have a sufficiently high stability over time. Due to homogenization, the proposed phytocatalytic preparation can be easily dosed in the anaerobic fermentation process using standard equipment, such as dosing pumps equipped with pistons, pumps with peristaltic action and other known systems.
10. Pentru a preveni descompunerea preparatului fitocatalitic şi pentru suprimarea activării mucegaiului sau ciupercilor la stocarea pe termen lung pot fi introduşi suplimentar microaditivi - acid formic sau propionic, în calitate de conservant, care odată cu acidifierea suspenziei nu vor permite dezvoltarea microflorei patogene de putrefacţie în condiţii anaerobe de fermentare a biomasei, totodată nu vor inhiba procesele metanogenice. 10. In order to prevent the decomposition of the phytocatalytic preparation and to suppress the activation of mold or fungi during long-term storage, additional microadditives can be introduced - formic or propionic acid, as a preservative, which, once the suspension is acidified, will not allow the development of the pathogenic microflora of putrefaction in anaerobic conditions for biomass fermentation, at the same time will not inhibit the methanogenic processes.
Exemplu de realizare a invenţiei Example of realization of the invention
Obţinerea preparatului a fost realizată în condiţii de laborator. În fig.1 este prezentată schema instalaţiei de laborator pentru generarea biochimică a biogazului, unde: 1 - bioreactor; 2 - încărcătură pentru ataşarea microflorei; 3…6 - supape; 7 - capacitate cu soluţie nutritivă; 8 - recipient; 9 - capacitate cu volum cuantificat; 10 - capacitate pentru stocarea apei; 11 - termostat; 12 - supapă pentru prelevarea probelor de biogaz pentru analiză. The preparation was obtained under laboratory conditions. Fig. 1 shows the diagram of the laboratory installation for the biochemical generation of biogas, where: 1 - bioreactor; 2 - charge for attaching the microflora; 3...6 - valves; 7 - nutrient solution capacity; 8 - container; 9 - capacity with quantified volume; 10 - water storage capacity; 11 - thermostat; 12 - valve for taking biogas samples for analysis.
Preventiv se pregăteşte o suspensie de 40% de seminţe de castan mărunţit fin în borhot de la distilarea alcoolului. Procesul de metanogeneză s-a efectuat în reactoare de laborator cu un volum de 3000 cm3 fiecare în mediu termostatat la o temperatură constantă de 33 ± 1°C şi în condiţii comparabile, atât cu soluţia propusă cât şi cu şi amarant în condiţiile soluţiei proxime. Ca substrat organic au fost luate probe lichid de la instalaţile din Chişinău de tratare a nămolului cu o umiditate reziduală de 95%, având un conţinut total de masă uscată de 15 g în fiecare din reactoare. Astfel, primul eşantion a fost injectat cu 0,375 ml de suspensie de 40% conţinând respectiv 0,15 g de seminţe de castan măcinate fin în borhot de la distilarea alcoolului. Al doilea reactor a fost alimentat cu aditiv de amarant. Procesul de fermentaţie s-a desfăşurat cu amestecare periodică. As a preventive measure, a 40% suspension of finely chopped chestnut seeds is prepared in borhot from alcohol distillation. The methanogenesis process was carried out in laboratory reactors with a volume of 3000 cm3 each in a thermostated environment at a constant temperature of 33 ± 1°C and in comparable conditions, both with the proposed solution and with amaranth under the conditions of the approximate solution. As organic substrate, liquid samples were taken from the sludge treatment facilities in Chisinau with a residual humidity of 95%, with a total dry mass content of 15 g in each of the reactors. Thus, the first sample was injected with 0.375 ml of a 40% suspension containing respectively 0.15 g of finely ground chestnut seeds in the liquor from the alcohol distillation. The second reactor was fed with amaranth additive. The fermentation process took place with periodic mixing.
Prelevarea de probe a fost realizată după atingerea în reactoare a regimului de lucru. Volumul de biogaz, precum şi conţinutul de metan din biogaz a fost determinat prin cromatografie gaz-lichid la fiecare oră. Sampling was carried out after reaching the working regime in the reactors. The volume of biogas, as well as the content of methane in the biogas was determined by gas-liquid chromatography every hour.
Astfel, după cum rezultă din datele experimentale prezentate în figura 2, se observă că în prezenţa fitocatalizatorului propus viteza de emisie a biogazului pentru primele 2 zile a crescut la 180 cm3/h, iar volumul total al acestuia pentru 6 zile a fost de 3480 cm3, randamentul specific al biogazului la 1 g de substanţă uscată s-a ridicat la 232 cm3, cu un conţinut de biometan de 85,7%, echivalentul a 198 cm3 de gaz metan. Thus, as it results from the experimental data presented in figure 2, it is observed that in the presence of the proposed phytocatalyst, the biogas emission rate for the first 2 days increased to 180 cm3/h, and its total volume for 6 days was 3480 cm3 , the specific yield of biogas per 1 g of dry substance was 232 cm3, with a biomethane content of 85.7%, equivalent to 198 cm3 of methane gas.
În acelaşi timp, în condiţii similare ale soluţiei proxime procesul anaerob se caracterizează cu o viteză maximă a fluxului de 158 cm3/h, după două zile a devenit aproximativ de 160 cm3/h, valoarea totală atinsă după 6 zile fiind de 2577 cm3 cu un conţinut de biometan de 60%, ceea ce face randamentul specific per 1 g de biomasă uscată de 171 cm3 de biogaz, cu un conţinut mai scăzut de gaz metan, egal cu 120 cm3. At the same time, under similar conditions of the proximate solution, the anaerobic process is characterized by a maximum flow rate of 158 cm3/h, after two days it became approximately 160 cm3/h, the total value reached after 6 days being 2577 cm3 with a biomethane content of 60%, which makes the specific yield per 1 g of dry biomass of 171 cm3 of biogas, with a lower content of methane gas, equal to 120 cm3.
Astfel, datele obţinute confirmă faptul ca preparatul fitocatalitic propus este un stimulent mai eficient al metanogenezei, care măreşte viteza fluxului de biogaz de aproape 1,2…1,3 ori, creşte cantitatea specifică de biogaz generat de 1,35 ori, având un conţinut mai ridicat de metan în compoziţia gazului, care este mai mare cu 25% faţă de soluţia proximă, ceea ce determină puterea calorică mai mare a acestuia în procesul de ardere. Thus, the data obtained confirm that the proposed phytocatalytic preparation is a more effective stimulant of methanogenesis, which increases the speed of the biogas flow by almost 1.2...1.3 times, increases the specific amount of biogas generated by 1.35 times, having a content higher methane in the gas composition, which is 25% higher compared to the nearby solution, which determines its higher calorific power in the combustion process.
În precipitatul format la fermentarea anaerobă a biomasei nu s-a depistat microfloră patogenă, ceea ce permite utilizarea acestuia ca fertilizant organic. No pathogenic microflora was detected in the precipitate formed during the anaerobic fermentation of biomass, which allows its use as an organic fertilizer.
1. RU 2526993 C1 2014.08.27 1. RU 2526993 C1 2014.08.27
2. RU 2351552 C1 2009.04.10 2. RU 2351552 C1 2009.04.10
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| MDA20150105A MD4530C1 (en) | 2015-10-23 | 2015-10-23 | Phytocatalytic preparation for stimulation of methanogenesis |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| MDA20150105A MD4530C1 (en) | 2015-10-23 | 2015-10-23 | Phytocatalytic preparation for stimulation of methanogenesis |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| MD20150105A2 MD20150105A2 (en) | 2017-04-30 |
| MD4530B1 MD4530B1 (en) | 2017-11-30 |
| MD4530C1 true MD4530C1 (en) | 2018-06-30 |
Family
ID=58637126
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| MDA20150105A MD4530C1 (en) | 2015-10-23 | 2015-10-23 | Phytocatalytic preparation for stimulation of methanogenesis |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| MD (1) | MD4530C1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1838415A3 (en) * | 1991-11-12 | 1993-08-30 | Bcecoюзhый Haучho-Иccлeдobateльckий Иhctиtуt Гehetиkи И Ceлekции Пpomышлehhыx Mиkpoopгahизmob | Method of biogas producing |
| CN1167792C (en) * | 2001-11-14 | 2004-09-22 | 云南师范大学 | bioactive additives for biogas fermentation |
| RU2351552C1 (en) * | 2007-06-18 | 2009-04-10 | Институт органической и физической химии им. А.Е. Арбузова Казанского научного центра РАН (ИОФХ им. А.Е. Арбузова КазНЦ РАН) | Facility used to increase biogas yield |
| CN103361381A (en) * | 2012-04-11 | 2013-10-23 | 开化县农村能源办公室 | Additive for biogas fermentation |
| RU2526993C1 (en) * | 2013-03-20 | 2014-08-27 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Кемеровский государственный сельскохозяйственный институт" | Method of producing biogas from animal waste |
| CN104512989A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2015-04-15 | 南京宏博环保实业有限公司 | Process capable of increasing gas yield of biogas |
| MD4389C1 (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2016-07-31 | Государственный Университет Молд0 | The method of producing biomethane |
| MD20150010A2 (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2016-07-31 | Государственный Университет Молд0 | Anaerobic process for the production of biogas |
| MD4472C1 (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2017-10-31 | Государственный Университет Молд0 | Process for anaerobic production of biogas |
| LV15161B (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2017-03-20 | Rīgas Tehniskā Universitāte | Material to stimulate fermentation process in biogas production |
-
2015
- 2015-10-23 MD MDA20150105A patent/MD4530C1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| MD20150105A2 (en) | 2017-04-30 |
| MD4530B1 (en) | 2017-11-30 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Kaparaju et al. | Co-digestion of energy crops and industrial confectionery by-products with cow manure: batch-scale and farm-scale evaluation | |
| CN101941851B (en) | Technology and process for preparing biochemical humic acid by using kitchen waste | |
| CN106518400B (en) | A kind of method that flowers matrix is prepared by raw material of agricultural wastes | |
| CN104045469B (en) | A kind of biological organic fertilizer being exclusively used in saltings and its preparation method and application | |
| CN105002221B (en) | The method of intensive Vegetable area reclaiming organic waste efficient anaerobic fermentation production biogas | |
| CN101928159B (en) | Method for producing organic fertilizer by using water hyacinth | |
| Lueangwattanapong et al. | Anaerobic digestion of Crassulacean Acid Metabolism plants: exploring alternative feedstocks for semi-arid lands | |
| CN108605863A (en) | A kind of livestock culture waste ecology synthesis utilizes system | |
| CN102747107A (en) | Methane fermenting method | |
| CN103103216B (en) | Biogas composite material | |
| CN103483021B (en) | Method for preparing liquid fertilizer by converting Cordyceps fermentation residual liquid with EM (effective microorganism) flora | |
| CN107129324A (en) | A kind of Large-scale pig farm fecaluria resource utilization method | |
| Patil et al. | Study on effect of pretreatment methods on biomethanation of water hyacinth | |
| CN110028362A (en) | A method of utilizing waste dish fermented manure | |
| CN102173550B (en) | Quick recycling treatment method for fowl and livestock manure | |
| Karaeva et al. | Production of biogas from poultry waste using the biomass of plants from Amaranthaceae family | |
| CN101717792A (en) | Method for preparing biomass energy with water hyacinth and water lettuce | |
| WO2019237656A1 (en) | Special fertilizer for medicinal plant growth and preparation method therefor | |
| CN110204402A (en) | A kind of soil organism cultivates functional fertilizer and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103130534B (en) | Sawdust bacteria bran nutritional agent for culturing lavender and preparation method thereof | |
| CN112358334A (en) | Vegetable waste decomposing microbial inoculum, use method thereof and prepared organic matrix | |
| CN102557828B (en) | Needle mushroom culture material | |
| CN105439721A (en) | Preparation method of seedling cultivation matrix specially used for organic rice | |
| MD4530C1 (en) | Phytocatalytic preparation for stimulation of methanogenesis | |
| Ganiyu et al. | Effects of organic nitrogen and carbon supplementation on biomethanation of rice bran |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FG4A | Patent for invention issued | ||
| KA4A | Patent for invention lapsed due to non-payment of fees (with right of restoration) | ||
| MM4A | Patent for invention definitely lapsed due to non-payment of fees |