MD40Y - Railway beacon and its manufacturing process - Google Patents
Railway beacon and its manufacturing process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- MD40Y MD40Y MDS20080040A MDS20080040A MD40Y MD 40 Y MD40 Y MD 40Y MD S20080040 A MDS20080040 A MD S20080040A MD S20080040 A MDS20080040 A MD S20080040A MD 40 Y MD40 Y MD 40Y
- Authority
- MD
- Moldova
- Prior art keywords
- beacon
- resin
- recessed
- fixing location
- circuit board
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012777 electrically insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002654 heat shrinkable material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L3/00—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal
- B61L3/02—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L3/00—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal
- B61L3/02—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control
- B61L3/08—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control controlling electrically
- B61L3/12—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control controlling electrically using magnetic or electrostatic induction; using radio waves
- B61L3/126—Constructional details
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L3/00—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal
- B61L3/16—Continuous control along the route
- B61L3/18—Continuous control along the route using electric current passing between devices along the route and devices on the vehicle or train
- B61L3/20—Continuous control along the route using electric current passing between devices along the route and devices on the vehicle or train employing different frequencies or coded pulse groups, e.g. using currents carried by traction current
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/22—Secondary treatment of printed circuits
- H05K3/28—Applying non-metallic protective coatings
- H05K3/284—Applying non-metallic protective coatings for encapsulating mounted components
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/14—Structural association of two or more printed circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/14—Structural association of two or more printed circuits
- H05K1/148—Arrangements of two or more hingeably connected rigid printed circuit boards, i.e. connected by flexible means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/16—Printed circuits incorporating printed electric components, e.g. printed resistor, capacitor, inductor
- H05K1/165—Printed circuits incorporating printed electric components, e.g. printed resistor, capacitor, inductor incorporating printed inductors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
- H05K2201/10—Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
- H05K2201/10007—Types of components
- H05K2201/10098—Components for radio transmission, e.g. radio frequency identification [RFID] tag, printed or non-printed antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
- H05K2201/10—Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
- H05K2201/10227—Other objects, e.g. metallic pieces
- H05K2201/10287—Metal wires as connectors or conductors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
- H05K2203/13—Moulding and encapsulation; Deposition techniques; Protective layers
- H05K2203/1305—Moulding and encapsulation
- H05K2203/1327—Moulding over PCB locally or completely
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/40—Forming printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits
- H05K3/4007—Surface contacts, e.g. bumps
- H05K3/4015—Surface contacts, e.g. bumps using auxiliary conductive elements, e.g. pieces of metal foil, metallic spheres
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
- Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
- Circuits Of Receivers In General (AREA)
- General Factory Administration (AREA)
- Casings For Electric Apparatus (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
- Non-Metallic Protective Coatings For Printed Circuits (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Invenţia se referă la balize de cale ferată şi la procedeele de fabricare a acestora. The invention relates to railway beacons and to methods of manufacturing them.
Sunt cunoscute balize de cale ferată, care se amplasează de-a lungul terasamentului liniei de cale ferată, fiecare incluzând corp, conţinând un circuit electronic, care recepţionează semnalul electro¬¬magnetic de activare de la transportul care se deplasează pe terasamentul căii ferate şi generează un semnal codificat de răspuns (telegramă), care se transmite spre transport conţinând informaţia referitoare la locul de aflare şi mişcarea transportului [1, 2, 3]. Railway beacons are known, which are placed along the embankment of the railway line, each including a body, containing an electronic circuit, which receives the electromagnetic activation signal from the transport moving on the railway embankment and generates a coded response signal (telegram), which is transmitted to the transport containing information regarding the location and movement of the transport [1, 2, 3].
Balizele conţin de asemenea o antenă de recepţie şi o antenă de emisie, ambele antene interacţionând cu circuitul electronic pentru recepţionarea/emi¬sia semnalelor electromagnetice de la/spre transport. The beacons also contain a receiving antenna and a transmitting antenna, both antennas interacting with the electronic circuit for receiving/emitting electromagnetic signals from/to the transport.
Balizele se amplasează între liniile de cale ferată şi se fixează de traversele de cale ferată cu o garnitură de fixare. În timpul exploatării balizele se expun acţiunii diverşilor factori externi, care pot deteriora atât baliza, cât şi circuitul ei electronic. The beacons are placed between the railway lines and are fixed to the railway sleepers with a fixing gasket. During operation, the beacons are exposed to various external factors, which can damage both the beacon and its electronic circuit.
Din grupul acestor factori fac parte: These factors include:
- factori atmosferici (vapori, ploaie, gheaţă şi zăpadă); - atmospheric factors (vapor, rain, ice and snow);
- sarcini mecanice exercitate asupra balizei, cum ar fi, vibrarea cauzată de transportul care traversează sau sarcinile termice, cauzate de încălzirea/răcirea balizei; - mechanical loads exerted on the beacon, such as vibration caused by passing transport or thermal loads caused by heating/cooling of the beacon;
- substanţe chimice (acid, petrol, praf de cărbune, sulf, fier, zinc etc.); - chemicals (acid, oil, coal dust, sulfur, iron, zinc, etc.);
- înseşi terasamentul căii ferate şi, în particular, prundişul, care poate, cel puţin, parţial să acopere baliza. - the railway embankment itself and, in particular, the gravel, which may, at least partially, cover the beacon.
Problema pe care o rezolvă invenţia este crearea unei balize cu o rezistenţă sporită la condiţiile mediului ambiant şi, în particular, la vapori, apă, gheaţă, zăpadă. The problem that the invention solves is the creation of a beacon with increased resistance to environmental conditions and, in particular, to vapor, water, ice, snow.
Invenţia înlătură dezavantaje menţionate mai sus prin aceea că include un corp cu cel puţin un circuit electronic pentru recepţionarea semnalului electromagnetic de activare de la transportul ce se deplasează pe terasamentul căii ferate şi pentru generarea unui semnal codificat de răspuns (telegramă), care este transmis spre transport, conţinând o informaţie referitoare la locul de aflare şi mişcare a transportului, precum şi o antenă de recepţionare şi o antenă de emisie, ambele interacţionând cu circuitul electronic. Corpul balizei este executat din material electroizolant, dintr-un întreg, având cel puţin un loc încastrat de fixare, în care este amplasată cel puţin o placă imprimată cu circuitul electronic şi elemente electronice. Locul încastrat de fixare cu placa imprimată este umplut cu răşină electroizolantă solidificată fără bule de aer şi apă. Antena de recepţionare şi antena de emisie sunt executate dintr-un întreg cu corpul. Antena de recepţionare şi antena de emisie reprezintă un cadru, format dintr-un şir de plăci dreptunghiulare, unite intre ele. Fiecare placă conţine primul rând de piste cu o conductibilitate electrică, unite cu primele rânduri de piste cu conductibilitate electrică de pe alte placi, respectiv, formând antena de recepţionare, totodată fiecare placă conţine suplimentar cel de-al doilea rând de piste cu o conductibilitate electrică, unite respectiv cu cele de-a doilea rânduri de piste cu conductibilitate electrică de pe alte placi, formând antena de emisie. Plăcile dreptunghiulare sunt cuplate mecanic şi electric între ele prin cabluri electrice în formă de L, fiind aranjate între părţile terminale adiacente ale plăcilor. Corpul este executat ca o placă în forma unui paralelipiped. Locul încastrat de fixare a corpului este executat în forma unui paralelipiped. Locul încastrat de fixare a corpului este închis etanş cu o placă dreptunghiulară de acoperire, care este sprijinită cu marginile sale periferice pe muchia inelară a locului încastrat de fixare. The invention eliminates the above-mentioned disadvantages by including a body with at least one electronic circuit for receiving the electromagnetic activation signal from the transport moving on the railway embankment and for generating a coded response signal (telegram), which is transmitted to the transport, containing information regarding the location and movement of the transport, as well as a receiving antenna and a transmitting antenna, both interacting with the electronic circuit. The body of the beacon is made of electrically insulating material, in one piece, having at least one recessed fixing place, in which at least one printed circuit board with the electronic circuit and electronic elements is placed. The recessed fixing place with the printed circuit board is filled with solidified electrically insulating resin without air and water bubbles. The receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna are made in one piece with the body. The receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna represent a frame, formed by a row of rectangular plates, joined together. Each plate contains a first row of tracks with an electrical conductivity, joined with the first rows of tracks with electrical conductivity on other plates, respectively, forming the receiving antenna, while each plate additionally contains the second row of tracks with an electrical conductivity, joined with the second rows of tracks with electrical conductivity on other plates, respectively, forming the transmitting antenna. The rectangular plates are mechanically and electrically coupled to each other by L-shaped electrical cables, being arranged between the adjacent end parts of the plates. The body is made as a plate in the shape of a parallelepiped. The recessed place for fixing the body is made in the shape of a parallelepiped. The recessed body mounting location is sealed with a rectangular cover plate, which is supported with its peripheral edges on the annular edge of the recessed mounting location.
Procedeul de fabricare a balizei de cale ferată include operaţia de fabricare a corpului din material electroizolant, cu ajutorul unor forme de turnare, având cel puţin un loc încastrat de fixare; montarea în interiorul locului încastrat de fixare a circuitului electronic, realizat cel puţin pe o placă imprimată, pentru recepţionarea semnalului electromagnetic de activare de la transportul care se deplasează pe terasamentul căii ferate şi generează un semnal codificat de răspuns (telegramă), care se transmite spre transport conţinând informaţia referitoare la mişcarea transportului; producerea unei răşini fără apa şi bule de aer; umplerea cu răşină a locului încastrat de fixare cu placa imprimată şi elementele electronice, solidificarea răşinii intr-o perioadă anumită de timp. Operaţia de fabricare a corpului se realizează prin injectarea în cavitatea formei de turnare, care corespunde formei corpului balizei, a unui amestec de materiale termocontractante cu un conţinut predeterminat de fibre de sticlă. Suprafeţele externe ale corpului balizei se acoperă cu un start izolant de gel. Operaţia de turnare a răşinii se efectuează prin plasarea ajutajului în apropierea peretelui inferior a locului încastrat de fixare, astfel ca răşina care se toarnă să acopere complet peretele inferior, să contacteze cu suprafaţa inferioară a plăcii imprimate şi apoi să acopere suprafaţa superioară. Deplasarea ajutajului în apropierea elementelor electronice mai mari ale plăcii imprimate şi turnarea răşinii, astfel încât să se elimine orice aer de sub şi/sau din interiorul elementelor electronice; continuarea turnării răşinii până la umplerea completă a locului încastrat de fixare şi expunerea răşinii turnate pentru solidificare. În timpul turnării ajutajul se plasează în interiorul locului încastrat de fixare în partea opusă de conectorul direct, care se extinde între locul încastrat de fixare şi locul încastrat de fixare adiacent. The process for manufacturing a railway beacon includes the operation of manufacturing the body from an electrically insulating material, using moldings, having at least one recessed fixing location; mounting inside the recessed fixing location of the electronic circuit, made at least on a printed circuit board, for receiving the electromagnetic activation signal from the transport moving on the railway embankment and generating a coded response signal (telegram), which is transmitted to the transport containing information regarding the movement of the transport; producing a resin without water and air bubbles; filling the recessed fixing location with the printed circuit board and the electronic elements with resin, solidifying the resin over a certain period of time. The operation of manufacturing the body is carried out by injecting into the cavity of the molding mold, which corresponds to the shape of the beacon body, a mixture of thermocontractable materials with a predetermined content of glass fibers. The external surfaces of the beacon body are covered with an insulating gel top. The resin pouring operation is performed by placing the nozzle near the bottom wall of the mounting recess so that the poured resin completely covers the bottom wall, contacts the bottom surface of the printed circuit board, and then covers the top surface. Moving the nozzle near the larger electronic components of the printed circuit board and pouring the resin so as to remove any air from under and/or inside the electronic components; continuing to pour the resin until the mounting recess is completely filled and the poured resin is exposed for solidification. During pouring, the nozzle is placed inside the mounting recess on the opposite side of the direct connector that extends between the mounting recess and the adjacent mounting recess.
Invenţia se explică prin desenele din fig. 1…9, care reprezintă: The invention is explained by the drawings in Fig. 1...9, which represent:
- fig. 1, aspectul balizei în axonometrie; - Fig. 1, axonometric view of the beacon;
- fig. 2, aspectul elementului constituent al balizei (al antenei) în axonometrie, în fig. 1; - fig. 2, axonometric view of the constituent element of the beacon (antenna) in fig. 1;
- fig. 3a…3g, tipurile de operaţii şi succesiunea lor la fabricarea balizei utilizând procedeul prezentei invenţii. - Fig. 3a…3g, the types of operations and their sequence in the manufacture of the beacon using the process of the present invention.
Baliza 1 (fig. 1) conţine un corp etanş 3 cu o placă imprimată 4. The beacon 1 (fig. 1) contains a sealed body 3 with a printed circuit board 4.
Baliza 1 se amplasează între liniile de cale ferată şi se fixează de traverse cu un set de fixare (nu este arătat). The beacon 1 is placed between the railway lines and is fixed to the sleepers with a fixing kit (not shown).
Placa imprimată 4 recepţionează semnalul electromagnetic de activare de la transportul care se mişcă pe terasamentul căii ferate şi generează, printr-un procedeu cunoscut, un semnal de răspuns codificat (telegramă), care se transmite spre transport conţinând informaţia referitoare la locul de aflare a transportului şi la mişcarea acestuia. The printed circuit board 4 receives the electromagnetic activation signal from the transport moving on the railway embankment and generates, through a known process, a coded response signal (telegram), which is transmitted to the transport containing information regarding the location of the transport and its movement.
Corpul 3 este fabricat dintr-o bucată în formă de placă dreptunghiulară din material electroizolant sintetic, formată de suprafaţa superioară 3a (la utilizare fiind orientată în jos) şi cea inferioară 3b (la utilizare fiind orientată în sus), acestea fiind reciproc paralele. The body 3 is made of a rectangular plate-shaped piece of synthetic electrically insulating material, formed by the upper surface 3a (when in use being oriented downwards) and the lower surface 3b (when in use being oriented upwards), these being mutually parallel.
Corpul 3 este încadrat în pereţii plaţi dreptunghiulari 9, 10, 11, 12 şi conţine locuri încastrate de fixare 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d (în număr de patru în exemplul examinat, dar poate fi oricare alt număr) în formă de paralelipiped, deschişi în exterior de la suprafaţa de fund 3a, fiind de obicei amplasaţi simetric în raport cu axa 13, perpendiculară suprafeţei corpului 3. Fiecare loc încastrat de fixare 12 este limitat de pereţii dreptunghiulari plaţi 15 ai fundului şi de patru pereţi laterali dreptunghiulari plaţi 16. The body 3 is framed in the flat rectangular walls 9, 10, 11, 12 and contains recessed fixing places 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d (four in number in the examined example, but there can be any other number) in the shape of a parallelepiped, open outwardly from the bottom surface 3a, being usually placed symmetrically with respect to the axis 13, perpendicular to the surface of the body 3. Each recessed fixing place 12 is limited by the flat rectangular walls 15 of the bottom and by four flat rectangular side walls 16.
Cel puţin un loc încastrat de fixare 12a include un gol 19, din partea suprafeţei inferioare 3a, o muchie inelară dreptunghiulară încastrată 20, trecând de-a lungul marginilor pereţilor laterali 16, şi o placă dreptunghiulară plată de acoperire 22, care se sprijină cu marginile sale periferice 22a pe muchia inelară 20 etanşând golul 19. At least one recessed fixing location 12a includes a gap 19, from the lower surface 3a, a recessed rectangular annular edge 20, passing along the edges of the side walls 16, and a flat rectangular cover plate 22, which rests with its peripheral edges 22a on the annular edge 20 sealing the gap 19.
Două locuri încastrate adiacente 12a, 12b sunt separate printr-o despărţitură 24 cu un conector direct 26, orientat cu unul din capete 26a în interiorul locului de fixare 12a încastrat , iar cu capătul secund 26b - în interiorul locului încastrat 12b. Two adjacent recessed locations 12a, 12b are separated by a partition 24 with a direct connector 26, oriented with one of its ends 26a inside the recessed fixing location 12a, and with the second end 26b - inside the recessed location 12b.
Circuitul electronic 4 include un şir de componente electronice 33 (circuite integrate, rezistoare, condensatoare, bobine de inductanţă, transformatoare etc.), montate pe o placă imprimată 38, care poartă pe sine şi cuplează electric componentele 33. Conform prezentei invenţii, circuitul electronic 4 este amplasat în interiorul locului încastrat de fixare 12a şi fixat în acesta de răşina de silicon solidificată 40, în care sunt incluse placa imprimată 38 şi componentele electronice 33. The electronic circuit 4 includes a series of electronic components 33 (integrated circuits, resistors, capacitors, inductors, transformers, etc.), mounted on a printed circuit board 38, which carries and electrically couples the components 33. According to the present invention, the electronic circuit 4 is placed inside the recessed fixing location 12a and fixed therein by the solidified silicone resin 40, in which the printed circuit board 38 and the electronic components 33 are included.
Răşina de silicon solidificată 40 conţine următorii factori caracteristici: Solidified silicone resin 40 contains the following characteristic factors:
- este o răşină de tip izolant (cu o rezistenţă specifică de circa 7,1×1013 Ohm/cm), - it is an insulating resin (with a specific resistance of about 7.1×1013 Ohm/cm),
- nu conţine particule de aer (de exemplu, microbule de aer), având o rigiditate dielectrică de 16,5 kV/mm; - does not contain air particles (e.g., air microbubbles), having a dielectric strength of 16.5 kV/mm;
- în general nu conţine particule de apă, adică practic conţinutul ei este lipsit de apă (conţinutul apei nu depăşeşte 0,1%). - generally does not contain water particles, meaning its content is practically devoid of water (the water content does not exceed 0.1%).
Conform uneia din variantele prezentei invenţii, şi antena receptoare 42, şi antena de emisie 44 sunt montate pe unul şi acelaşi suport inelar, fiind cuplate cu circuitul electronic 4, ambele antene fiind montate concomitent şi nemijlocit în interiorul pereţilor laterali 0, 10, 11, 12. According to one of the embodiments of the present invention, both the receiving antenna 42 and the transmitting antenna 44 are mounted on one and the same annular support, being coupled to the electronic circuit 4, both antennas being mounted simultaneously and directly inside the side walls 0, 10, 11, 12.
Antena receptoare 42 şi antena de emisie 44 conţin o construcţie de cadre 50 (fig. 2), formată de patru plăci dreptunghiulare 52a, 52b, 52c, 52d. În particular, plăcile 52 sunt cuplate electric şi mecanic prin arcuri 54 din cablu electric (de exemplu, de cupru), în formă de L, fiind amplasate între părţile terminale adiacente ale plăcilor 52. The receiving antenna 42 and the transmitting antenna 44 comprise a frame structure 50 (FIG. 2) formed by four rectangular plates 52a, 52b, 52c, 52d. In particular, the plates 52 are electrically and mechanically coupled by L-shaped springs 54 of electrical cable (e.g., copper) located between adjacent end portions of the plates 52.
Fiecare placă 52 conţine primul rând de piste de cupru 55, cuplate prin arcuri în formă de L 54 cu primul rând de piste de cupru, respectiv, de pe altă placă 52 pentru formarea integrală a antenei receptoare 42. Each plate 52 contains a first row of copper tracks 55, coupled by L-shaped springs 54 to the first row of copper tracks, respectively, on another plate 52 to integrally form the receiving antenna 42.
Fiecare placă 52 conţine de asemenea rândul doi de piste de cupru 56, cuplate prin arcuri în formă de „L” 54 cu rândul al doilea de piste de cupru, respectiv, de pe altă placă 52 pentru formarea integrală a antenei de emisie 44. Each plate 52 also contains a second row of copper tracks 56, coupled by "L"-shaped springs 54 to the second row of copper tracks, respectively, on another plate 52 to integrally form the transmitting antenna 44.
Plăcile 52a, 52b, 52c, 52d sunt montate consecutiv, fiind amplasate în interiorul peretelui drept¬unghiular plat 9, 10, 11, 12. The plates 52a, 52b, 52c, 52d are mounted consecutively, being located inside the flat rectangular wall 9, 10, 11, 12.
Conductorii electrici 60 trec prin canalul străpuns 32 pentru conectarea antenei receptoare 42 şi antenei de emisie 44 la circuitul electronic 4. Electrical conductors 60 pass through the through-hole 32 to connect the receiving antenna 42 and the transmitting antenna 44 to the electronic circuit 4.
În fig. 3a…3g este prezentată succesiunea realizării procedeului de obţinere a balizei, conform pre¬zentei invenţii. In Fig. 3a…3g the sequence of carrying out the beacon obtaining process, according to the present invention, is presented.
În aceste scopuri se poate utiliza forma 70 (fig. 3a), care conţine o semiformă 70a superioară şi o semiformă inferioară 70b, confecţionate de preferinţă din metal (de exemplu, oţel inoxidabil). For these purposes, the mold 70 (Fig. 3a) can be used, which comprises an upper half-mold 70a and a lower half-mold 70b, preferably made of metal (e.g., stainless steel).
Semiformele 70a, 70b se închid (fig. 3b) pentru formarea unei cavităţi 72, forma căreia coincide cu corpul 3. The half-forms 70a, 70b close (fig. 3b) to form a cavity 72, the shape of which coincides with the body 3.
În interiorul cavităţii 72 se introduc de asemenea construcţii portante pentru antenele receptoare 42 şi de emisie 44. Support structures for the receiving antennas 42 and transmitting antennas 44 are also inserted inside the cavity 72.
Apoi, în cavitatea 72 se introduce un amestec de materiale termocontractante cu conţinut determinat în prealabil de fibre de sticlă. Then, a mixture of heat-shrinkable materials with a predetermined glass fiber content is introduced into cavity 72.
Amestecurile cu conţinut de fibră de sticlă fac posibilă solidificarea şi polimerizarea completă (pentru accelerarea procesului, semiformele 70a şi 70b pot fi utilate cu termorezistoare), apoi semiformele 70a şi 70b se deschid pentru extragerea corpului 3 (fig. 3c), care într-o astfel de stare de formare conţine locurile încastrate de fixare 12a…12d şi antenele 42 şi 44. The mixtures containing glass fiber make it possible to solidify and completely polymerize (to accelerate the process, the half-molds 70a and 70b can be equipped with thermistors), then the half-molds 70a and 70b open to extract the body 3 (fig. 3c), which in such a formed state contains the recessed fixing places 12a…12d and the antennas 42 and 44.
Ulterior corpul 3 poate fi acoperit cu un înveliş izolant de gel 74, care se pulverizează pe toate suprafeţele externe ale corpului, acoperind de asemenea şi pereţii laterali 9, 10, 11, 12, suprafaţa inferioară 3, suprafaţa superioară 4, pereţii inferiori 15 şi pereţii laterali 16. Apoi în interiorul locului încastrat de fixare 12a se amplasează placa imprimată 38 (fig. 3d), care se conectează la antena receptoare 42, antena de emisie 44 şi conectorul direct 26. Placa imprimată 38 se conectează cu antenele 42, 44, prin cabluri împletite penetrând peretele 10 în mod etanş pentru fluxuri. Subsequently, the body 3 can be covered with an insulating gel coating 74, which is sprayed on all external surfaces of the body, also covering the side walls 9, 10, 11, 12, the lower surface 3, the upper surface 4, the lower walls 15 and the side walls 16. Then, inside the recessed fixing place 12a, the printed circuit board 38 (Fig. 3d) is placed, which is connected to the receiving antenna 42, the transmitting antenna 44 and the direct connector 26. The printed circuit board 38 is connected to the antennas 42, 44, by braided cables penetrating the wall 10 in a flow-tight manner.
Apoi, în locul încastrat de fixare 12a se toarnă răşina 40 (fig. 3g). Răşina, poate fi de silicon, conţinând două componente lichide (A şi B), care se amestecă şi apoi se prelucrează printr-un procedeu cunoscut pentru eliminarea din amestec a particulelor de aer şi a oricăror molecule de apă. Selectiv printr-un procedeu cunoscut poate fi prelucrat fiecare component (A şi B) pentru eliminarea din acesta a particulelor de aer şi oricăror molecule de apă, după care se amestecă componentele pentru formarea răşinii 40. Then, the resin 40 is poured into the recessed fixing location 12a (Fig. 3g). The resin may be silicone, containing two liquid components (A and B), which are mixed and then processed by a known process to remove air particles and any water molecules from the mixture. Each component (A and B) may be selectively processed by a known process to remove air particles and any water molecules from it, after which the components are mixed to form the resin 40.
Răşina poate fi turnată în modul următor: The resin can be poured in the following way:
- ajutajul 77 se amplasează în apropierea plăcuţei imprimate 38 şi a peretelui inferior 15 al locului încastrat de fixare (fig. 3f), astfel ca răşina 40 care se toarnă să acopere complet peretele inferior 15, să intre în contact cu peretele inferior 38a a plăcuţei imprimate 38 şi apoi să acopere suprafaţa superioară 38b a plăcuţei imprimate 38. La turnarea răşinii este preferabilă amplasarea ajutajului 77 în partea opusă de conectorul direct 26. Este necesar de a efectua controlul asupra vitezei de turnare, pentru a preveni formarea de bule de aer; - the nozzle 77 is placed near the printed circuit board 38 and the lower wall 15 of the recessed fixing location (fig. 3f), so that the resin 40 that is poured completely covers the lower wall 15, comes into contact with the lower wall 38a of the printed circuit board 38 and then covers the upper surface 38b of the printed circuit board 38. When pouring the resin, it is preferable to place the nozzle 77 on the side opposite the direct connector 26. It is necessary to control the pouring speed, in order to prevent the formation of air bubbles;
- apoi, ajutajul 77 (fig. 3e) se deplasează în poziţie alăturată cu componentele mai mari ale plăcuţei imprimate 38 şi se toarnă răşina 40, astfel încât să se elimine aerul de sub şi/sau din interiorul componentelor; - then, the nozzle 77 (fig. 3e) moves into position next to the larger components of the printed circuit board 38 and the resin 40 is poured, so as to eliminate the air from under and/or inside the components;
- turnarea răşinii 40 continue până la umplerea completă a locului încastrat de fixare 12a cu răşină 40, în acest moment corpul 3 lent, cu o viteză controlată (pentru a nu agita răşina) se deplasează la locul de depozitare (nu se arată), unde răşina 40 se solidifică. - pouring the resin 40 continuously until the recessed fixing place 12a is completely filled with resin 40, at this moment the body 3 slowly, at a controlled speed (so as not to agitate the resin) moves to the storage place (not shown), where the resin 40 solidifies.
Fabricarea balizei 1 se finalizează cu instalarea plăcii de acoperire 22. The manufacture of beacon 1 is completed with the installation of cover plate 22.
Încercările realizate de autori au demonstrat rezistenţa înaltă a balizei (1) la influenţa factorilor externi, în particular, la apă, umiditate (vapori), zăpadă şi gheaţă, precum şi lipsa oricăror înrăutăţiri ale caracteristicilor electrice. Circuitul electronic 4 şi elementele conectate la acesta (antenele 42, 44 şi conectorul 26) se află, de fapt, în răşină 40 sau corp 3, prevenind astfel impactul circuitului electronic 4 cu oricare din substanţele din exterior. În plus, răşina solidificată 40 nu conţine elemente (aer sau apă), abile în final să oxideze pistele plăcuţei imprimate sau conectorul 26 şi/sau să influenţeze asupra funcţionării componentelor electronice ale plăcuţei imprimate. The tests carried out by the authors have demonstrated the high resistance of the beacon (1) to the influence of external factors, in particular, to water, humidity (vapor), snow and ice, as well as the absence of any deterioration of the electrical characteristics. The electronic circuit 4 and the elements connected to it (antennas 42, 44 and connector 26) are, in fact, located in the resin 40 or body 3, thus preventing the impact of the electronic circuit 4 with any of the external substances. In addition, the solidified resin 40 does not contain elements (air or water), capable of ultimately oxidizing the tracks of the printed circuit board or the connector 26 and/or influencing the operation of the electronic components of the printed circuit board.
1. GB 2163324 A 1986.02.19 1. GB 2163324 A 1986.02.19
2. WO 00/43952 A1 2000.07.27 2. WO 00/43952 A1 2000.07.27
3. EP 0996085 A1 2000.04.26 3. EP 0996085 A1 2000.04.26
Claims (12)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT000978A ITTO20030978A1 (en) | 2003-12-05 | 2003-12-05 | BOA (BALISE) FOR RAILWAY SIGNALING AND METHOD OF REALIZATION OF THE SAME WAY. |
| PCT/EP2004/053217 WO2005054030A1 (en) | 2003-12-05 | 2004-12-01 | Railway beacon and related production method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| MD40Y true MD40Y (en) | 2009-06-30 |
| MD40Z MD40Z (en) | 2010-01-31 |
Family
ID=34640400
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| MDA20060180A MD20060180A (en) | 2003-12-05 | 2004-12-01 | Railway beacon and process for manufacturing thereof |
| MDS20080040A MD40Z (en) | 2003-12-05 | 2004-12-01 | Railway beacon and process for manufacturing thereof |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| MDA20060180A MD20060180A (en) | 2003-12-05 | 2004-12-01 | Railway beacon and process for manufacturing thereof |
Country Status (23)
| Country | Link |
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| US (2) | US7639160B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1697195B1 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20070004565A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1890144B (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE389571T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2004294404B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE602004012605T2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK1697195T3 (en) |
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| ES (1) | ES2302077T3 (en) |
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| IT (1) | ITTO20030978A1 (en) |
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| RU (1) | RU2359856C2 (en) |
| SI (1) | SI1697195T1 (en) |
| TN (1) | TNSN06170A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2005054030A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ITTO20030978A1 (en) * | 2003-12-05 | 2005-06-06 | Ansaldo Segnalamento Ferroviario S P A | BOA (BALISE) FOR RAILWAY SIGNALING AND METHOD OF REALIZATION OF THE SAME WAY. |
| JP4671348B2 (en) * | 2005-10-03 | 2011-04-13 | ヤマハ発動機株式会社 | Saddle-type vehicle with smart key system |
| JP2014192529A (en) * | 2013-03-26 | 2014-10-06 | Hitachi Ltd | Mobile communication marker |
| US9606224B2 (en) * | 2014-01-14 | 2017-03-28 | Alstom Transport Technologies | Systems and methods for vehicle position detection |
| JP6373721B2 (en) | 2014-01-15 | 2018-08-15 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Communication apparatus and manufacturing method thereof |
| US10928203B2 (en) | 2017-09-18 | 2021-02-23 | Abl Ip Holding Llc | Self-contained positioning assembly |
| PT3766755T (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2025-04-21 | Alstom Holdings | A balise for a railway track |
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| GB1469510A (en) * | 1973-06-21 | 1977-04-06 | British Railways Board | Train control |
| CA1161238A (en) * | 1979-03-02 | 1984-01-31 | Robert Smith-Johannsen | Inorganic composite structures |
| US4497756A (en) * | 1981-10-05 | 1985-02-05 | Gte Products Corporation | Method of making a photoflash article using injection molding |
| GB8323755D0 (en) * | 1983-09-05 | 1983-10-05 | Marconi Avionics | Encapsulation process |
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| GB8420893D0 (en) * | 1984-08-16 | 1984-09-19 | Buttemer D A | Transponder |
| FR2574037B1 (en) * | 1984-11-30 | 1993-09-10 | Thomson Csf | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING GUIDED VEHICLES |
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| US4842685A (en) * | 1986-04-22 | 1989-06-27 | Motorola, Inc. | Method for forming a cast membrane protected pressure sensor |
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| RU2034417C1 (en) * | 1992-07-28 | 1995-04-30 | Конструкторское бюро приборостроения | Radio electronic module manufacturing process |
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| US7051429B2 (en) * | 2003-04-11 | 2006-05-30 | Eastman Kodak Company | Method for forming a medium having data storage and communication capabilities |
| ITTO20030978A1 (en) * | 2003-12-05 | 2005-06-06 | Ansaldo Segnalamento Ferroviario S P A | BOA (BALISE) FOR RAILWAY SIGNALING AND METHOD OF REALIZATION OF THE SAME WAY. |
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| US7394051B2 (en) * | 2004-12-28 | 2008-07-01 | P.I. Engineering, Inc. | Image-based tracking system for model train control |
-
2003
- 2003-12-05 IT IT000978A patent/ITTO20030978A1/en unknown
-
2004
- 2004-12-01 US US10/581,383 patent/US7639160B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-01 EP EP04819700A patent/EP1697195B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-12-01 KR KR1020067013534A patent/KR20070004565A/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-12-01 PT PT04819700T patent/PT1697195E/en unknown
- 2004-12-01 WO PCT/EP2004/053217 patent/WO2005054030A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-12-01 HR HR20080228T patent/HRP20080228T3/en unknown
- 2004-12-01 MD MDA20060180A patent/MD20060180A/en unknown
- 2004-12-01 DE DE602004012605T patent/DE602004012605T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-12-01 AT AT04819700T patent/ATE389571T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-12-01 CN CN2004800361803A patent/CN1890144B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-01 MD MDS20080040A patent/MD40Z/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-12-01 AU AU2004294404A patent/AU2004294404B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-12-01 DK DK04819700T patent/DK1697195T3/en active
- 2004-12-01 PL PL04819700T patent/PL1697195T3/en unknown
- 2004-12-01 ES ES04819700T patent/ES2302077T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-12-01 RS RSP-2008/0225A patent/RS50564B/en unknown
- 2004-12-01 RU RU2006123078/11A patent/RU2359856C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-12-01 SI SI200430729T patent/SI1697195T1/en unknown
- 2004-12-03 MY MYPI20045009A patent/MY135600A/en unknown
-
2006
- 2006-06-04 EG EGNA2006000516 patent/EG24504A/en active
- 2006-06-05 TN TNP2006000170A patent/TNSN06170A1/en unknown
- 2006-06-05 IL IL176134A patent/IL176134A0/en unknown
- 2006-06-26 MA MA29139A patent/MA28275A1/en unknown
-
2009
- 2009-11-23 US US12/623,864 patent/US20100064504A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| DE602004012605D1 (en) | 2008-04-30 |
| MA28275A1 (en) | 2006-11-01 |
| CN1890144A (en) | 2007-01-03 |
| PL1697195T3 (en) | 2008-07-31 |
| KR20070004565A (en) | 2007-01-09 |
| ITTO20030978A1 (en) | 2005-06-06 |
| HRP20080228T3 (en) | 2008-06-30 |
| AU2004294404B2 (en) | 2009-04-02 |
| RU2359856C2 (en) | 2009-06-27 |
| TNSN06170A1 (en) | 2007-11-15 |
| DE602004012605T2 (en) | 2008-10-23 |
| AU2004294404A1 (en) | 2005-06-16 |
| MD20060180A (en) | 2006-11-30 |
| RS50564B (en) | 2010-05-07 |
| ATE389571T1 (en) | 2008-04-15 |
| MD40Z (en) | 2010-01-31 |
| EG24504A (en) | 2009-08-18 |
| PT1697195E (en) | 2008-04-30 |
| US20070096983A1 (en) | 2007-05-03 |
| US7639160B2 (en) | 2009-12-29 |
| DK1697195T3 (en) | 2008-06-30 |
| EP1697195B1 (en) | 2008-03-19 |
| CN1890144B (en) | 2010-06-16 |
| MY135600A (en) | 2008-05-30 |
| US20100064504A1 (en) | 2010-03-18 |
| SI1697195T1 (en) | 2008-08-31 |
| IL176134A0 (en) | 2006-10-05 |
| EP1697195A1 (en) | 2006-09-06 |
| RU2006123078A (en) | 2008-01-20 |
| ES2302077T3 (en) | 2008-07-01 |
| WO2005054030A1 (en) | 2005-06-16 |
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