LV11348B - Wall structure and building erection system based thereon - Google Patents

Description

1 LV 11348

Wall atrūctur· and building eraction syatam baaed thereon

The present invention relates to a wall structure according to the preamble of claim 1. The invention also concerns a building erection system based on said wall structure.

The art of erecting wooden and log wall houses conven-tionally uses wood or logs obtained from softwood trunks having a diameter greater than 15 cm. Such a conventional erection is relativeiy expensive and always requires the availability of massive wood material and heavy erection equipment.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an approach suited to rapid and inexpensive erection of build-ings such as dwellings using small-diameter wood such as is conventionally used as puIpwood in pulp and paper industry and may remain unharvested in the woodlands in the fonn of tree tops.

The invention is based on the concept of fabricating standard-dimension building elements made from smallwood into modulēs suited to erection of different kinds of buildings in a simple manner.

The invention is characterized by what is stated in the annexed claims.

The approach according to the invention offers a plurality of significant benefits. Accordingly, it permits rapid and inexpensive erection of buildings such as awellings using Iocally available materiais and simple erection techniques. The method according to the invention is particularly use-ful in housing programs requiring erection of a large number of houses with certain basie Standard of specifica-tion not ineluding a high Standard of furnishing or long Service life. Such housing programs inelude, e.g., housing 2 of fugicives or development of new rural communities necessitated by land ownership reforms. Further applica-tions can be found in, e.g., ereccion of storage huts, fishing and hunting huts and recreational housings.

The invention is next examined with reference to the appended drawings, in which

Figurē 1 is a partially sectional top view of a wall structure according to the invention;

Figurē 2 is perspective view of a structural element used in a wall structure;

Figurē 3 is a top view of an extension joint and a corner joint of the wall structure;

Figurē 4 is a side view of an extension joint and a corner joint of the wall structure;

Figurē 5 is a perspective view of an extension joint of the wall structure; and

Figurē 6 is a perspective view of a corner joint of the wall structure.

With reference to Fig. 1. the wall structure comprises an exterior wall 1 and an interior wall 2, as well as the intermediate space 3 between them suitea to accommodate, e.g., insulation. The exterior wall 1 and the interior wall 2 are formed by structural elements 4 laid superimposedly. The exterior walls 1 and the interior walls 2 are connected by anchor elements 5 which are inserted betveen the super-imposedly laid structural elements 4.

With reference to Fig. 2, a structural element 4 according to the invention is snown. The upper side 6 and/or the 3 LV 11348 lower side 7 of Che structural elemenc are worked crosswise to the elemenc to incorporate a nocch 8, 9 extending over Che encire width of Che element. The structural element 4 has one or a greacer number of che notches depending on che cype of the building and locacion of che structural elemenc in Che wall structure. The scruccural elemenc 4 and the anchor elemenc 5 are made from wood having advantageously a diamecer in the range 80-150 mm. Thus, such smallwood can be used by sawing and working it inco such a minilog element according to the invention having cross-sectional dimensions h χ d advantageously as 50x50 mm, while the lengch L of the blocks can be varied according co the applicacion. The width of che nocches 8, 9 in the scruccural element 4 is advantageously equal to the widch of the anchor elemenc 5 or the other scruccural element to be joined. The depch of che notch is advantageously 1/4 of heighc of che structural elemenc, whereby also che nocch on che anchor elemenc has ecrual depch. Then, altemating laying of the structural elements and the anchor elements provides a rigid structure. As the dimensional accuracy in the fabrication of che scruccural elements and the anchor elements is essencial, che elements are preferredly planed co essentially scandard cross-seccional dimensions.

When necessary, the depth of notches on the elements can be varied from that mentioned above.

With reference to Fig. 2, che successively adjoining struc-cural elements 4 are in an extension joint laid partially longitudinally overlapping, whereby at least one anchor elemenc 5 is advantageously ficced to said extension joint of this wall structure ac che poinc where Che structural elements are overlapping. For che anchor element 5, its notches 10, 11 are macched by the corresponding notches 8, 9 of the structural element, whereby the lengch of the anchor elemenc nocch 10, 11 is made essentially equal to the widch of two structural elements (cf. Fig. 5). The 4 diagram also illustrates a corner joint in which the per-pendicularly joining structural elements 4 are laid layer by layer.

With reference to Fig. 4, the joints illustrated in Fig. 3 are shown in a side view.

With reference to Fig. 5, the structural elements 4 of the exterior wall 1 and the interior wall 2 are shown ready for laying an extension joint. The notches 8, 9 in the longi-tudinally oveiappingiy laid structural elements are shown aligned over each other, wnereby the anchor elements 5 can be inserted in the notches. In short wall sections a single anchor element 5 is sufficient, while in long sections and other cases requiring improved stiffness, two anchor elements 5 can be used at the extension joint. After the insertion of the anchor element, the next structural element layer is laid, and so on, until the desired wall height has been attained. '.7ith reference to Fig. 6, a corner joint is shown employing the wall structure according to the invention at the corners of the building. In the joint formed by the ortho-gonally joining structural elements 4, the elements are laid layer by layer so as to lock the laid structural elements into the notches of the underlying layers.

In an advantageous embodiment of the structural element, the modulē dimer.sions h χ d χ L are 50x50x2400 mm. Then, wood having a diameter of 80 - 150 mm and lengths of 2.5 m and 4.9m, as well as 3.1 m, can be used from which, e.g., anchor element lengths of 400 mm and short structural elements of 700 mm le.ngth can be fabncated. Such short elements are required when making openings for, e.g., doors and windows in the wall structure. 5 LV 11348

In an advantageous exemplifying embodiment of the inven-cion, the structural elements are used as follovs. The foundation of the building is made conventionally. On the footings are placed floor joists, advantageously 100x100 mm lumber, for instance. The floor joists are preferredly fixed to the footings by means of an fixture element such as an anchor bolt. The subfloor layer of the ground floor is made from the structural elements, which are fixed to the floor joist by means of, e.g., nailing. The laying of the wall structure is advantageously started from said lowest layer of the ground floor, The wall structure is laid layer by layer, whereby the starting Ievels of the intersecting walls joinea to each other by a corner joint are displaced by a ievel difference which advantageously is half the height of the structural element. The anchor elements placed at the corner and extension joints provide the lateral stiffness of the wall structure, The finished wall structure can be tightened by means of, e.g., a vertical tighteningelement such as a bolt.

After the desired height of the building is reached, onto the wall structure is placed a joist lattice on which the ceiling is built. The top Ievel of the ceiling is made from the structural elements which are fixed to the ceiling joists by nailing in the same manner as the subfloor layer of the ground floor. Required insulations are placed to the ceiling and the walls.

The roof construction of the building erected in accordance with the present erection system is made in a conventional manner.

For those versed in the art it is obvious that the inven-tion is not limited by the exemplifying embodiment described above, but rather, can be varied within the scope and spirit of the annexed claims. 6 LV 11348

Claims: 1. A wall structure for buildings comprising an exterior wall (1) and an interior wall (2) with an intermediate space (3) to accommodate, e.g., an insulation/ characterized in that said exterior wall (1) and said interior wall (2) are built from superimposedly laid structural elements (4), that at least one anchor element (5) is adapted between the structural elements (4) to join said exterior wall and said interior wall, that to the upper side (6) of the structural element (4) and/or to the lower side (7) thereof are fabricated to incorporate at least one notch (8, 9) or similar recess and that at least one of the sides of the anchor element (5) facing the structural element (4) are fabricated to incorporate at least one notch (10) . 2. A wall structure as defined in claim 1, characterized in that the successively adjoining structural· elements (4) are arranged to at least partially overlap longitudinally, whereby at least one anchor element (5) is advantageously adapted at the extension point of the wall structure wnere the superimposedly laid structural elements overlap. 3. A wall structure as defined in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said structural elements (4) and said anchor elements (5) have identical cross-sectional dimensions. 4. A wall structure as defined in any of foregoing claims 1-3, characterized in that the depth of the notch (8, 9, 10, 11) in respectively each structural and/or anchor element (4, 5) is advantageously 1/4 of the thick-ness of said element (4, 5). 7 5. A wall structure as defined in any of foregoing claims 1-4, characterized in that the structural elements (4) and the anchor elements (5) have a height (h) and a width (d) , respectively, in the range 30 - 60 mm, 5 advantageously 50 mm, 6. An building erection system which uses the wall structure defined in any of foregoing claims 1-5, characterized in that, besides in the exterior walls, said 10 structural elements (4) are also used in the interior/ partition walls and/or floor and/or ceiling structures. 8 LV 11348

ABSTRACT

The invention is related to a wall etructure comprising an exterior wall (1) and an interior wall 5 (2), as well ae an intermediate space (3) thereof suited to accommodate, e.g., an insulation. The exterior wall (1) and the interior wall (2) are built from superimposedly laid structural elements (4) and that at least one anchor element (5) is 10 adapted between the structural elements (4) to join said exterior wall and said interior wall. The invention also concerns a building erection system which uses said wall structure.

Claims (6)

A wall construction for buildings comprising an outer wall (1) and an inner wall (2) with a space (3) between them for insertion, for example, in that said outer wall (1) and said inner wall (2) is made of structural elements (4) superimposed on each other so that at least one fastening element (5) is arranged between the structural elements (4) to connect said outer wall and said inner wall to the structural element (4) the upper edge (6) and / or its lower edge (7) are made to comprise at least one cut (8, 9) or similar recess and that at least one of the edges of the fastening element (5) rotated against the structural element (4) is designed to include at least one incision (10). 2. Wall construction according to claim 1, characterized in that the successive adjacent structural elements (4) are arranged so as to at least partially overlap, so that at least one fastening element (5) is best adapted to the extension of the wall construction; where the structural elements on each other overlap. Wall structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said structural elements (4) and said fixing elements (5) have the same cross-sectional dimensions. The wall construction according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the most suitable depth of the cuts (8, 9, 10, 11) in each structure and / or clamping element (4, 5) is 1 / 4 from the thickness of said element (4, 5). Wall construction according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the height (h) and the width (d) of the structural elements (4) and the fastening elements (5) are between 30 and 60 mm, respectively. better 50 mm. 2 6. A building construction method using a wall construction according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, without external walls, said structural elements (4) are also suitable for internal / partition walls and / or floor and / or ceiling structures. .