LU502607B1 - Method And Device For Correcting First Break Time Difference Of VSP Data - Google Patents
Method And Device For Correcting First Break Time Difference Of VSP Data Download PDFInfo
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/40—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for well-logging
- G01V1/42—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for well-logging using generators in one well and receivers elsewhere or vice versa
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/10—Aspects of acoustic signal generation or detection
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and device for correcting first break time difference of VSP data, and the method comprises the following steps: collecting original data of VSP data and collecting first break; combining the field multi-shot records into a new shot set record; extracting the picked first break, and arranging the first break time according to the depth of the receiver to obtain the original first break; fitting a single shot first break curve by adopting a least square method and correcting the original first break in sections to obtain a corrected first break; and S5, obtaining the corrected first break, calculating the difference between the corrected first break and the original first break, correcting the VSP data according to the difference, and outputting the corrected VSP data. The invention solves the problem of unsynchronized shot point and detection point, and improves the measurement accuracy.
Description
DESCRIPTION LU502607
Method And Device For Correcting First Break Time Difference Of VSP Data
The invention belongs to the technical field of seismic exploration data processing, and particularly relates to a method and device for correcting first break time difference of VSP data.
In seismic exploration, the wave from shot point excitation to geophone reception is called first break, and its arrival time is called first break time. The accurate acquisition of first break time is always a basic and important problem in seismic exploration.
For VSP data processing, the first break is mainly used for velocity analysis. In the early days of VSP data acquisition, only 16 levels of geophones received data for each shot point excitation, and the spacing between geophones was 20 meters. In order to obtain VSP data of zero offset, it is often necessary to release the shot several times and finally get a relatively complete well depth range of VSP data. The multiple movements of the shot and receiver positions will inevitably cause measurement deviations, and most of the first break collecting is done by manual operation, thus increasing the difficulty and accuracy of pickups. However, the field terrain is complex and the geological structure is different. In this area, the error of first break acquisition of VSP data is large first break first break.
The invention provides a curve fitting algorithm base on that least square method to correct the time difference of first break, and uses multiple shot records to form a single shot set record to solve the problem of non-uniqueness of shot point coordinates and synchronization of shot points and detection points in the acquisition process.
On the one hand, a method for correcting first break time difference of VSP data includes:
S1, collecting original data of VSP data and collecting first break;
S2, combining the field multi-shot records into a new shot set record;
S3, extracting the picked first break, and arranging the first break time according to the depth of the receivers to obtain the original first break;
S4, fitting a single shot first break curve by adopting a least square method and correcting th&J502607 original first break in sections to obtain a corrected first break;
SS, obtaining the corrected first break, calculating the difference between the corrected first break and the original first break, correcting the VSP data according to the difference, and outputting the corrected VSP data.
Preferably, in S2, n shot records are sequentially accumulated according to the depth of receivers to obtain shot set records, and a single shot corresponds to 16-level or 8-level receivers, so that the number of receivers of the new shot set is 16*n or 8*n, with n>2.
Preferably, in the original first break, each first break curve corresponds to n sections of single shot first break, and the specific process of step S4 is as follows:
S41, calculating the distance between the first single shot first break in two adjacent first break curves according to the order of first break time;
S42, if the distance exceeds the preset threshold, using the first break trend of the second section to make a least square curve fitting to obtain a first fitting curve, the first break of the adjacent first and third sections is corrected by the first fitting curve, the first break of the fourth section is corrected by the least square fitting of the first break of the corrected third section, and then the first break of the previous section is used for fitting to correct the first break of the later section until the first break of the N section of single shot is corrected;
S43, if the distance is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the first break trend of the first segment 1s used for least square curve fitting to obtain a second fitting curve, the first break of the adjacent second section is corrected by the second fitting curve, and the first break of the previous section is used for subsequent fitting to correct the first break of the next section until the first break of N sections of single shot is corrected;
S44, repeating S41-S43 until the original first break correction is completed,
Preferably, in S5, the step of correcting VSP data according to the difference comprises: if the difference is greater than 0, move the VSP data down as a whole, delete the overflow data at the bottom, and add 0 to the vacant part at the top; if the difference is less than 0, the whole VSP data is moved up, the overflow data at the upper part is deleted, and the vacant part at the lower part is filled with the copied adjacent data.
On the other hand, a device for correcting first break time difference of VSP data comprises:
A first break collecting module, used for collecting the original data of VSP data and pickit&/502607 up the first break;
Shot set combination module: used to combine field multi-shot records into a new single shot set record;
The rearrangement module, used for extracting the picked first break and arranging the first break time according to the depth of the receivers to obtain the original first break;
First break correction module: fitting the first break curve of a single shot by using the least square method and correcting the original first break in sections to obtain the corrected first break;
Time difference correction module: acquiring the corrected first break value, calculating the difference between the corrected first break and the original first break, correcting VSP data according to the difference, and outputting the corrected VSP data.
Preferably, let the field n shot records form a new single shot set record, then in the original first break, each first break curve corresponds to n sections of single shot first break, and the first break correction module specifically includes:
Calculation unit: according to the order of first break time, calculate the distance between the first single shot first break in two adjacent first break curves;
The first correction unit: if the distance exceeds the preset threshold, the first break trend of the second section is used for least square curve fitting to obtain a first fitting curve, the first break of the adjacent first and third sections is corrected by the first fitting curve, the first break of the fourth section is corrected by the least square fitting of the first break of the corrected third section, and then the first break of the previous section is used for fitting to correct the first break of the later section until the first break of the N section of single shot is corrected;
The second correction unit: if the distance is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the first break trend of the first segment is used for least square curve fitting to obtain a second fitting curve, and the first break of the adjacent second segment is corrected by the second fitting curve, and the first break of the previous segment is used for fitting to correct the first break of the next segment until the correction of the first break of N single shot is completed;
Circulation unit: repeating the calculation unit, the first correction unit and the second correction unit until the original first break correction is completed;
Preferably, in the time difference correction module, the correction of VSP data according t&/502607 the difference value specifically comprises:
If that difference is great than 0, the VSP data is moved down as a whole, the overflow data at the low part is deleted, and the vacant part at the upper part is filled with 0; if the difference is less than 0, move the VSP data up as a whole, delete the overflow data above, and fill the vacant part below with the copied adjacent data.
According to the invention, multiple shot records are used to form a shot set, and the curve fitting and first break correction are performed by the least square method, so that the signal synchronization between shot points and receivers is realized, and the measurement accuracy is improved.
In order to explain the technical scheme of the present invention more clearly, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the technical description of the present invention.
Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without any creative labor.
Fig. 11s a flowchart of a method for correcting first break time difference of VSP data;
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the original first break correction;
Fig. 3 shows two groups of original first breaks;
Fig. 4 shows the corrected first break corresponding to Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is the comparison of shot data before (left) and after (right) correction in Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 shows the comparison of common receivers data before (left) and after (right) correction;
Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a device for correcting first break time difference of VSP data.
To make the object, features and advantages of the invention more obvious and understandable, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiment of the invention.
Obviously, the embodiment described below is only a part of the embodiment of the invention, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the present invention, all other embodiments/502607 obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative labor belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention provides a method for correcting first break time difference of VSP data, which includes:
S1, collecting that original data of VSP data and picking up the first break;
Specifically, the relevant software of VSP data processing (such as geoeast, etc.) is used to collect VSP data and automatically pick up the first break of the leader; in the software, according to the leading first break, intercept the time window data, enlarge and display the part with larger error, and make manual adjustment to get the picked first break.
S2, combining the field N shot records into a new shot set record, with n > 2;
Furthermore, the multi-shot records are accumulated in turn according to the depth of the receivers to obtain shot set records, and a single shot corresponds to 16 or 8 receivers, so that the receiver series of the new shot set is 16*n or 8*n, with n>2. The combination of shot sets can be realized in matlab. If the common single shot has 16 receivers, and n=4, the combination of four guns will have 64 receivers.
S3, extracting the picked first break, and arranging the first break time according to the depth of the receivers to obtain the original first break;
Specifically, the horizontal axis is the depth of the receivers and the vertical axis is the first break time. Because the shot set record is obtained by sequentially accumulating N shot records according to the depth of reveivers. Therefore, in the original first break, each first break curve corresponds to N sections of single shot first break. For details, please refer to Fig. 2, which shows the original first break obtained by the combination of four shots. In the original first break diagram of Fig. 2, each first break curve is divided into four sections, and each section represents a single shot first break.
S4, fitting a single shot first break curve by adopting a least square method and correcting the original first break in sections to obtain a corrected first break;
Further, in the original first break, each first break curve corresponds to n sections of single shot first break, and the specific process of S4 is as follows:
S41, calculating the distance between the first single shot first break in two adjacent firs}502607 break curves according to the order of first break time;
S42, if the distance exceeds the preset threshold, using the trend of the first break of the second segment to make a least square curve fitting to obtain a first fitting curve, and correcting the first break of the adjacent first segment and the third segment through the first fitting curve, the first break of the fourth section is corrected by the least square fitting of the first break of the third section after correction, and the first break of the last section 1s corrected by the fitting of the first break of the previous section in the follow-up until the first break of the single shot of the N section is corrected;
S43, if the distance is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the first break trend of the first segment is used for least square curve fitting to obtain a second fitting curve, and the first break of the adjacent second segment is corrected by the second fitting curve, and the first break of the previous segment is used for fitting to correct the first break of the next segment in the follow-up until the correction of the first break of N single shot is completed,
S44, repeating S41-S43 until the original first break correction is completed.
Specifically, the distance between two adjacent first break curves is calculated according to the order of first break time, that is, the distance between two adjacent first break curves is calculated from bottom to top in Fig. 2. Here, only the distance between the first single shot first break is calculated. For example, starting from the first and second first break curves below, the distance between the first single shot first break is d1, and if d1 is greater than the preset threshold, the first break trend of the second segment is used for least square curve fitting to obtain the first fitting curve. Correcting the first break of the adjacent first and third segments by the first fitting curve, and correcting the first break of the fourth segment by the least square fitting of the corrected first break of the third segment; if d1 is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the first break trend of the first segment is used for least square curve fitting to obtain a second fitting curve, and then the first break of the adjacent second segment is corrected by the second fitting curve, then the first break of the second segment is used for fitting to correct the first break of the third segment, and the first break of the third segment is used for fitting to correct the first break of the fourth segment. Then, calculate the distance d2 between the first single-shot first break of the second and third first break curves, make a judgment according to d2, and select the corresponding steps S42 and S43 to correct the first break of each single shot. And so on, calculate the distance di betwed¢d)502607 the first single-shot first break of the i and 1+1 first break curves, make a judgment according to di, and select the corresponding steps S42 and S43 to correct the first break of each single shot. In this way, until all the original first break corrections are completed. The comparison before and after the first break correction is shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, in which Fig. 3 shows two groups of original first breaks and Fig. 4 shows the corrected first breaks corresponding to Fig. 3.
SS, obtaining the corrected first break value, calculating the difference between the corrected first break and the original first break, correcting the VSP data according to the difference, and outputting the corrected VSP data.
Further, S51, the difference between the corrected first break and the original first break is calculated; S52, if the difference is greater than 0, the whole VSP data is moved down, the overflow data at the lower part is deleted, and the vacant part at the upper part is filled with 0; S53, if the difference is less than 0, move the VSP data up as a whole, delete the overflow data at the top, and fill the vacant part at the bottom with the copied adjacent data. Finally, the corrected VSP data is converted into sgy format for output.
Referring to Fig. 5, Fig. 5 shows the comparison of shot data before (left) and after (right) correction. By comparing shot data before (left) static correction with shot data after (right) static correction, it can be seen that this method has a good correction effect. Figure 6 shows the comparison of common detection point data before (left) and after (right) correction.
Referring to Fig. 7, the present invention provides a first break time difference correction device for VSP data, which includes:
The first break picking module 710 is used for collecting the original data of VSP data and picking up the first break;
The shot set combination module 720 is used to combine the field multi-shot records into a new single shot set record;
The rearrangement module 730 is used for extracting the picked first break, and arranging the first break time according to the depth of the receiver to obtain the original first break;
The first break correction module 740: uses the least square method to fit the first break curve of a single shot and corrects the original first break in sections to obtain the corrected first break;
Further, assuming that the field N-shot records form a new single shot set record, in th&}502607 original first break, each first break curve corresponds to n sections of single shot first break, and the first break correction module 740 specifically includes:
Calculation unit 7401: calculate the distance between the first single shot first break in two adjacent first break curves according to the order of first break time;
The first correction unit 7402: if the distance exceeds the preset threshold, the first break trend of the second segment is used for least square curve fitting to obtain a first fitting curve, and the first break of the adjacent first segment and the third segment is corrected by the first fitting curve.
The first break of the fourth section is corrected by the least square fitting of the first break of the third section after correction, and the first break of the last section is corrected by the fitting of the first break of the previous section in the follow-up until the first break of the single shot of the N section is corrected;
The second correction unit 7403: if the distance is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the first break trend of the first segment is used for least square curve fitting to obtain a second fitting curve, and the first break of the adjacent second segment is corrected by the second fitting curve, and the first break of the previous segment is used for fitting to correct the first break of the next segment until the correction of the first break of N single shot is completed,
Circulation unit 7404: repeat the calculation unit, the first correction unit and the second correction unit until the original first break correction is completed.
The time difference correction module 750: obtains the corrected first break value, calculates the difference between the corrected first break and the original first break, corrects the VSP data according to the difference, and outputs the corrected VSP data.
Further, in the time difference correction module, the correction of the VSP data according to the difference value is specifically as follows: if the difference value is greater than 0, the whole
VSP data is moved down, the overflow data at the lower part is deleted, and the vacant part at the upper part is filled with O; if the difference is less than 0, move the VSP data up as a whole, delete the overflow data above, and fill the vacant part below with the copied adjacent data.
The invention realizes the automatic synchronization between shot points and receivers, and can automatically correct the time difference of first break even under the condition of complex field terrain, reduce the error and improve the measurement accuracy.
Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and conciseness 6502607 the description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems, devices and units can refer to the corresponding processes in the above-mentioned method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.
As mentioned above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention, but not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions described in the previous embodiments, or equivalently replace some of the technical features, These modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of various embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for correcting first break time difference of VSP data, characterized by comprising: S1, collecting original data of VSP data and collecting first break; S2, combining the field multi-shot records into a new shot set record, S3, extracting the picked first break, and arranging the first break time according to the depth of the receiver to obtain the original first break; S4, fitting a single shot first break curve by adopting a least square method and correcting the original first break in sections to obtain a corrected first break; in the original first break, each first break curve corresponds to n sections of single shot first break, and the specific process of step S4 1s as follows: S41, calculating the distance between the first single shot first break in two adjacent first break curves according to the order of first break time; S42, if the distance exceeds the preset threshold, using the first break trend of the second section to make a least square curve fitting to obtain a first fitting curve, the first break of the adjacent first and third sections 1s corrected by the first fitting curve, the first break of the fourth section is corrected by the least square fitting of the first break of the corrected third section, and then the first break of the previous section is used for fitting to correct the first break of the later section until the first break of the N section of single shot is corrected; S43, if the distance is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the first break trend of the first segment is used for least square curve fitting to obtain a second fitting curve, the first break of the adjacent second section is corrected by the second fitting curve, and the first break of the previous section is used for subsequent fitting to correct the first break of the next section until the first break of N sections of single shot is corrected; S44, repeating S41-S43 until the original first break correction is completed, SS, obtaining the corrected first break, calculating the difference between the corrected first break and the original first break, correcting the VSP data according to the difference, and outputting the corrected VSP data.
2. The method for correcting first break time difference of VSP data according to claim 1, characterized in that, in S2, n shot records are sequentially accumulated according to the depth of receivers to obtain shot set records, and a single shot corresponds to 16-level or 8-level receivers/502607 so that the number of receivers of the new shot set is 16*n or 8*n, with n>2.
3. The method for correcting first break time difference of VSP data according to claim 1, characterized in that in S5, the step of correcting VSP data according to the difference comprises: if the difference is greater than 0, move the VSP data down as a whole, delete the overflow data at the bottom, and add 0 to the vacant part at the top; if the difference is less than 0, the whole VSP data is moved up, the overflow data at the upper part is deleted, and the vacant part at the lower part is filled with the copied adjacent data.
4. A device for correcting first break time difference of VSP data, characterized in that the device comprises: a first break collecting module, used for collecting the original data of VSP data and picking up the first break; a shot set combination module: used to combine field multi-shot records into a new single shot set record; a rearrangement module, used for extracting the picked first break and arranging the first break time according to the depth of the receiver to obtain the original first break; a first break correction module: fitting the first break curve of a single shot by using the least square method and correcting the original first break in sections to obtain the corrected first break; let the field n shot records form a new single shot set record, then in the original first break, each first break curve corresponds to n sections of single shot first break, and the first break correction module specifically includes: a calculation unit: according to the order of first break time, calculate the distance between the first single shot first break in two adjacent first break curves; the first correction unit: if the distance exceeds the preset threshold, the first break trend of the second section is used for least square curve fitting to obtain a first fitting curve, the first break of the adjacent first and third sections is corrected by the first fitting curve, the first break of the fourth section is corrected by the least square fitting of the first break of the corrected third section, and then the first break of the previous section is used for fitting to correct the first break of the later section until the first break of the N section of single shot is corrected;
the second correction unit: if the distance is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the filst)502607 break trend of the first segment is used for least square curve fitting to obtain a second fitting curve, and the first break of the adjacent second segment is corrected by the second fitting curve, and the first break of the previous segment is used for fitting to correct the first break of the next segment until the correction of the first break of N single shot is completed; the circulation unit: repeating the calculation unit, the first correction unit and the second correction unit until the original first break correction is completed; a time difference correction module: acquiring the corrected first break value, calculating the difference between the corrected first break and the original first break, correcting VSP data according to the difference, and outputting the corrected VSP data.
5. The device for correcting first break time difference of VSP data according to claim 4, characterized in that in the time difference correction module, the correction of VSP data according to the difference value specifically comprises: if that difference is great than 0, the VSP data is moved down as a whole, the overflow data at the low part is deleted, and the vacant part at the upper part is filled with 0; if the difference is less than 0, move the VSP data up as a whole, delete the overflow data above, and fill the vacant part below with the copied adjacent data.
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