LU102046B1 - Method and system for increasing the breaking strength and/or the hardness of glass objects - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a system and a method for increasing the breaking strength and/or the hardness of glass objects. The method is characterized in that a carrier is loaded with the glass objects and then successively in several transfer processes to several modules, namely at least one heating module, in which the glass objects are heated to a primary temperature, a first cooling module, which has a liquid cooling agent at a cooling agent temperature , and a second cooling module, at least one of the transferring operations involving relative movement of one of the modules relative to another of the modules.

Description

03.09.2020 084A0006LU 1 LU102046 Title description: Process and system for increasing the breaking strength and/or the | hardness of glass objects

The invention relates to a method for increasing the breaking strength and/or the hardness of glass objects.

The invention also relates to a system, in particular an automatic system, for carrying out such a method.

Various hardening and strengthening processes are known in order to ideally adapt glass as a versatile high-tech material to the respective application.

Most hardening and strengthening processes are either very difficult to apply and/or require the use of | mostly expensive special glass.

For example, it is known to increase the breaking strength of glass by so-called thermal tempering (colloquially also referred to as thermal hardening or tempering).

Here, the glass workpiece to be strengthened is heated to approx. 600 °C in a furnace and then quickly quenched to room temperature.

This quenching solidifies the surface and the external dimensions of the component change only slightly afterwards.

Compressive stresses arise on the surface of the glass workpiece, which ultimately lead to greater breaking strength.

Thermal toughening is used in particular in the manufacture of toughened safety glass (ESG).

The stress profile of toughened safety glass shows high internal tensile stresses across the glass thickness, which lead to a characteristic crumbly fracture pattern if the pane fails.

It is also known to form glass objects by chemical toughening

09/03/2020 084A0006LU | 2 LU102046 solidify. In chemical toughening, a distinction is made between methods using what is known as high-temperature ion exchange and methods using what is known as low-temperature ion exchange. Only processes with low-temperature ion exchange, in which an alkali ion is replaced by a larger alkali ion, have so far found industrial use. In these processes, a zone of compressive stress is created at the surface of the glass by ion exchange, which usually takes place in a molten salt bath between the glass surface and the salt bath. For example, sodium ions are exchanged for potassium ions, which creates a compressive stress zone in the glass surface because the potassium ions are larger than the sodium ions. For commercially available glasses (alkaline-earth-alkaline-silicate glasses), the treatment time in the molten salt is disadvantageously very long. It is usually between 8 and 36 hours. The problem of long process times can be reduced by using expensive special glass with the simultaneous application of complicated, in particular multi-stage, treatment processes.

DD 1579 66 discloses a method and a device for strengthening glass products by ion exchange. The glass products are thereby strengthened by alkali ion exchange between the glass surface and alkali salt melts. For solidification, hollow glass products with the opening facing downwards or hollow glass products that are rotated or pivoted about a horizontal axis are sprinkled with molten salt. Here, the salt is constantly circulated and passed through perforated plates in order to create a rain cascade for the glass products arranged in several layers. Disadvantageously, this method can only be used in an economically viable manner when using comparatively expensive special glass.

DE 195 10 202 C2 discloses a method for producing hollow glass bodies

09/03/2020 084A0006LU 3 LU102046 | known after the blow-blow and press-blow molding process with increased mechanical strength.

The method is characterized in that mist-like aqueous alkali metal salt solutions are admixed to the compressed air in the preliminary and/or final mold of the blow-blow molding process or in the final mold of the press-blow molding process.

DE 11 2014 003 344 T5 discloses chemically hardened glass for flat screens of digital cameras, cell phones, digital organizers, etc.

The chemically strengthened glass has a compressive stress layer formed by an ion exchange method, the glass has a surface roughness of 0.20 nm or higher and the hydrogen concentration Y ranges to a depth X from an outermost surface of the glass satisfies the equation Y = aX + b at X = from 0.1 to 0.4 (µm).

The glass is preheated to a temperature of 100 degrees Celsius and then immersed in molten salt.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a method which makes it possible to quickly and efficiently strengthen a variety of glass articles with a view to mass production.

The object is achieved by a method, which is characterized in that a carrier is loaded with the glass objects and then successively in several transfer processes to several modules, namely at least one heating module in which the glass objects are heated to a primary temperature, a first cooling module, the a liquid refrigeration medium having a refrigeration medium temperature, and being transferred to a second refrigeration module, at least one of the transferring operations involving relative movement of one of the modules relative to another of the modules.

03.09.2020 084A0006LU 4 LU102046 It is a further object of the present invention to indicate an installation, in particular for carrying out the method according to the invention, which enables a large number of glass objects to be consolidated quickly and efficiently with a view to mass production.

The further object is achieved by a system which is characterized in that there is a drive system, in particular an automatic one, which has at least one carrier which is loaded with glass objects | 10 can be loaded in succession to several modules, namely at least to a heating module in which the glass objects can be heated to a primary temperature, a first cooling module, which has a liquid cooling agent at a cooling medium temperature, and transferred to a second cooling module, with at least two of the modules being cooled by | 15 of the drive system are movable relative to one another and wherein at least one of the transfer operations involves relative movement of one of the modules relative to another of the modules.

The process of transferring from the heating module to the first cooling module may include performing a relative movement between the heating module and a first cooling module in which the heating module is placed in an exchange position vertically above the first cooling module.

In this way, it is advantageously achieved that the transfer path for the subsequent transfer movement, in which the carrier together with the glass objects is removed from the heating module and transferred to the first cooling module, is particularly short and the glass objects to be cooled in the first cooling module are therefore almost immediately Can be cooled, in particular abruptly, starting from the primary temperature in the first cooling module, in particular in a cooling bath of the first cooling module, in which there is a liquid cooling agent!

In this way, it is advantageously avoided that there was previously a slow cooling of the

09/03/2020 084A0006LU LU102046 glass objects is coming. In addition, in this way the time for moving the heating module into the replacement position can advantageously be used simultaneously for the heating process, which saves time overall. In the system according to the invention, it can advantageously be provided that the drive system carries out the relative movement between the heating module and the first cooling module and/or the transfer movement.

The heating module can in particular be designed as an oven or have at least one oven. The oven can advantageously have an oven temperature which corresponds to the Littleton point of the glass material or which is at most 50 Kelvin below and at most 30 Kelvin above the Littleton point of the glass material of the glass objects.

In particular, the oven can advantageously have an oven temperature which is in a range from 10 Kelvin to 40 Kelvin above the first temperature. In particular when using alkali-alkaline earth silicate glass as the glass material, the furnace temperature can advantageously be in the range from 650° Celsius to 770° Celsius, in particular in the range from 740° Celsius to 760° Celsius or in the range from 680° Celsius to 730° Celsius, lie or be 750 °Celsius.

It is important to ensure that the glassware remains in the kiln long enough to reach primary temperature (at least at its outermost layer). However, the glass objects must not remain in the furnace for too long in order to avoid unwanted deformations. It has been shown that particularly good results are achieved with glass objects that are designed as hollow bodies with a wall that has a wall thickness if the glass objects are heated up for a time in the range from 35 seconds to 90 seconds, in particular from 45 seconds to 70 Seconds per millimeter of wall thickness, especially for a heating time of 55 seconds per

ALL

03.09.2020 084A0006LU 6 LU102046 millimeters of wall thickness remaining in the furnace In the case of glass objects whose walls are of different thicknesses at different points, the wall thickness at the thinnest point is preferably decisive for the heating-up time.

In the case of a glass object that is flat and has a thickness, particularly good results are achieved if the glass objects are heated for a heating time in the range from 35 seconds to 90 seconds, in particular from 45 seconds to 70 seconds, per millimeter of thickness, in particular for a heating time of 55 seconds per millimeter thickness, remains in the oven.

In the case of glass objects that have different thicknesses at different points, the thickness at the thinnest point is preferably decisive for the heating-up time.

Particularly in the case of glass objects that have a wall thickness or thickness of more than 2 millimeters, in particular more than 3 millimeters, and/or glass objects that have very different wall thicknesses or thicknesses in different areas.

Have thicknesses, the heating can take place in a particularly advantageous manner in a multi-stage, in particular two-stage, process.

In particular, it can advantageously be provided that the glass object is first heated slowly to an intermediate temperature and then quickly heated to the first temperature.

In particular, it can advantageously be provided that the glass object is first heated to an intermediate temperature at a first heating rate and is then heated to the first temperature at a second heating rate, which is higher than the first heating rate.

This procedure has the particular advantage that unwanted deformations of the glass objects are effectively avoided since all areas of the glass objects of a carrier reach the primary temperature at the same time or at least within a predetermined or specifiable time window.

This avoids that the areas of the glass objects that can be heated up faster

09/03/2020 084A0006LU 7 LU102046 already (unintentionally) deform while still having to wait until other areas that can be heated less quickly reach the first temperature.

In addition, this procedure has the very particular advantage that interactions between the glass object and the carrier, which occur in particular at high temperatures and which hold the glass objects during the execution of the method, are avoided or at least reduced.

The intermediate temperature is preferably in a range from 50 degrees Kelvin below to 100 Kelvin above the transformation temperature of the glass material, in particular in a range from 0 Kelvin to 50 Kelvin above the transformation temperature of the glass material.

In order to achieve this, the oven temperature can be increased after the first heating-up phase, for example. Alternatively, it is also possible to use two heating modules configured as ovens with different oven temperatures, with the glass objects being transferred after the first heating phase from the first heating module to the second heating module, which has a higher oven temperature, for the second heating phase. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, a heating module is used that has at least two oven areas at different temperatures, so that after the first heating phase in a first oven area, the glass object can be transferred to a second oven area for the second heating phase. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the relative movement between the heating module and the first cooling module is a horizontal movement, preferably a purely horizontal movement. Such an embodiment enables the modules to be moved relative to one another quickly and easily. In particular, it can be advantageously provided that

03.09.2020 084A0006LU 8 LU102046 the transfer movement, in which the carrier together with the glass objects is removed from the heating module and transferred to the first cooling module, is a preferably purely vertical movement.

Such an embodiment enables the glass objects to be quickly transferred from the heating module to the first cooling module.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the first cooling module has a cooling bath in which the liquid cooling agent is located.

In this case, it can advantageously be provided that the transfer movement is an immersion movement, in which the carrier, together with the glass objects, is removed from the heating module and immersed in the cooling bath of the first cooling module.

Alternatively or additionally, it is also possible for the glass objects to be sprinkled and/or sprayed with the liquid cooling agent.

For this purpose, the first cooling module can have a spraying device, by means of which the glass objects can be sprayed with the liquid cooling agent.

Alternatively or additionally, it can also be provided that the first cooling module has a sprinkling device, by means of which the glass objects can be sprinkled with the liquid cooling agent. | In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the heating module remains, in particular exclusively, in an upper horizontal plane and/or is moved, preferably exclusively, within the upper horizontal plane, while the first cooling module, in particular exclusively, in a lower horizontal plane, which is spaced apart from the upper horizontal plane , is arranged and/or moved.

In this way, the heating module and the first cooling module can be moved relative to one another without the risk of the two modules colliding.

The drive system preferably executes the movements mentioned.

03.09.2020 084A0006LU 9 LU102046 After the transfer movement, in which the carrier and the glass objects are removed from the heating module and transferred to the first cooling module, has been carried out, a relative movement can be carried out between the heating module and the first cooling module, in which the heating module is switched off the exchange position is removed. This is possible in particular because only the heating module is moved relative to the first cooling module, which remains stationary. However, it is also possible that only the first cooling module is moved for this purpose. In a very special embodiment, both modules are moved, in particular simultaneously. The drive system preferably executes the movements mentioned. Preferably also a relative movement between the first cooling module and a second cooling module! carried out, in which the second cooling module is arranged in the exchange position over the first cooling module. An upward movement of the carrier can then be carried out, during which the carrier together with the glass objects is removed from the cooling bath and transferred to the second cooling module. Such an embodiment enables the glass objects to be quickly transferred from the first cooling module to the second cooling module. In this way, a period of time is avoided or at least kept very short, during which the glass objects cool down at an uncontrolled cooling rate after leaving the first cooling module.

The carrier together with the glass objects is preferably left in the second cooling module for a predetermined or predeterminable period of time or until a predetermined or predeterminable removal temperature of the glass objects is reached. This prevents the glass objects from cooling down too quickly. The temperature and/or the temperature profile within the second cooling module can preferably be controlled or

A

09/03/2020 084A0006LU ] 10 LU102046 : adjustable.

In particular, the second cooling module can be an oven, the oven temperature of which is lowered at a predetermined or predeterminable speed.

Alternatively or additionally, the second cooling module can have a thermally insulating housing.

In a special embodiment, the relative movement between the first cooling module and the second cooling module is, in particular, a purely horizontal movement.

Such an embodiment enables the modules to be moved relative to one another quickly and easily.

In particular, it can advantageously be provided that the surfacing movement is a, preferably pure, vertical movement.

Such an embodiment enables the glass objects to be transferred particularly quickly from the first cooling module to the second cooling module, since the path of the upward movement can be kept short in this way and collisions due to complicated movements are avoided.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the second cooling module remains, in particular exclusively, in the upper horizontal plane.

In particular, it can be advantageously provided that the second cooling module! is moved exclusively in the upper horizontal plane.

In this way, the heating module and the second cooling module can be moved relative to one another without the risk of the two modules colliding.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the carrier is arranged in a loading position for loading.

The loading position can advantageously be arranged in the lower horizontal plane.

In such an embodiment, the transfer of the carrier together with the glass objects into the heating module can include that the heating module is arranged above the loading position and the carrier by means of a

03.09.2020 084A0006LU 11 LU102046 vertical movement from below into the heating module. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the | Method includes the further step of performing a relative movement, in which the second cooling module is arranged in a second exchange position over a washing module. A transfer movement of the carrier can then be carried out, in which the carrier, together with the glass objects arranged in or on the carrier, is removed from the second cooling module and transferred to the washing module. Residues of the cooling agent still adhering to the glass objects and/or to the carrier can be removed by means of the washing module. The carrier together with the glass objects arranged in or on the carrier can then be removed from the washing module by means of a removal movement.

In an advantageous embodiment, the washing module is arranged in the lower horizontal plane. In particular, it can advantageously be provided that the relative movement, in which the second cooling module is arranged in a second exchange position above a washing module, is a preferably purely horizontal movement. The transfer movement of the carrier, in which the carrier, together with the glass objects arranged in or on the carrier, is removed from the second cooling module and transferred to the washing module, can be a preferably purely vertical movement. In this way, collisions are largely avoided. Likewise, the removal movement can advantageously be a vertical movement, preferably a purely vertical one. In very general terms, it can advantageously be provided that a module, in particular each module, is assigned one of several, preferably precisely two, horizontal planes, with the module being arranged immovably or movably in the horizontal plane assigned to it.

03.09.2020 084A0006LU 12 LU102046 The arrangement of the different modules in different, in particular exactly two, levels has the very special advantage that the movements of the carrier and the glass objects outside the modules can be limited to short vertical movements and, in particular, long horizontal movements of the carrier together with the glass objects outside the modules.

This has the particular advantage that the glass objects are always protected against damage and environmental influences and the transfer times of the modules can be used at least partially for simultaneous treatment steps, such as heating or controlled cooling.

Preferably, several carriers are used at the same time.

For example, the plurality of carriers can be in different phases of the method according to the invention at the same time.

For example, a first carrier can be loaded with glass objects to be treated while a second carrier is already in the heating module and a third carrier is being transferred from the first cooling module to the second cooling module and a fourth carrier is already in the washing module.

The method according to the invention can advantageously be carried out in a cyclically repetitive manner with always new glass objects.

In particular, several carriers can be used at the same time, which continuously run through the cycle one after the other. In a particularly efficient embodiment, several heating modules are used in parallel or overlapping in time.

Alternatively or additionally, it can advantageously be provided that several first cooling modules are used in parallel or overlapping in time and/or that several second cooling modules are used in parallel or overlapping in time.

In particular, it is, alternatively or

03.09.2020 084A0006LU 13 LU102046 additionally, also advantageously possible that several washing modules are used in parallel or overlapping in time and/or that several washing modules are used in parallel or overlapping in time.

In a particular embodiment, the number of modules of the same type is different. For example, it can advantageously be provided that the number of heating modules used is different from the number of first cooling modules used and/or that the number of first cooling modules used is different from the number of second cooling modules used and/or that the number of second cooling modules used is different differs from the number of washing modules used. Such an embodiment allows for the fact that the dwell times of the glass objects in the different modules are different.

For example, the number of heating modules can be less than the number of second cooling modules if the heating time is less than the dwell time in the second cooling module. The ratio of the numbers of the different types of modules preferably corresponds to the ratio of the dwell times of the glass objects in the different types of modules. In this way, idle times of modules are avoided or at least reduced.

In a particularly efficient embodiment, the multiple carriers simultaneously run through multiple parallel processing lines, each of which has multiple modules from the set: heating module, first cooling module, second cooling module and washing module. Alternatively or additionally, it can advantageously be provided that several carriers run through several processing lines in parallel, each of which has several modules from the set: heating module, first cooling module, second cooling module and washing module, at least two of the processing lines have one of the modules in common.

03.09.2020 | 084A0006LU 14 LU102046 In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the immersion movement automatically causes a relative movement between the cooling means and a cooling means influencing material arranged in the cooling means. The coolant influencing material can be a cleaning element or a filter or a regeneration material. In this way, it is advantageously achieved that the process of regenerating the cooling agent runs particularly quickly and efficiently when the cooling agent influencing material and the cooling agent are moved relative to one another; namely preferably in such a way that as much cooling medium as possible can flow along the surface of the cooling medium influencing material. A movement that takes place anyway, namely the immersion movement and/or the upward movement of the carrier, can be used in a particularly advantageous manner for this purpose.

The cooling agent can advantageously contain an oil and/or a metal and/or a molten salt or the cooling agent can be an oil or a metal or a molten salt.

The primary temperature is preferably at most 50 Kelvin below and at most 30 Kelvin above the Littleton point of the glass material of the glass objects. In an advantageous embodiment, the cooling medium has a cooling medium temperature which is at least 200 Kelvin and at most 550 Kelvin, in particular at least 200 Kelvin and at most 450 Kelvin, below the primary temperature. The subject of the invention is shown schematically and by way of example in the drawing and is described below with reference to the figures, with elements that are the same or have the same effect, even in different exemplary embodiments, are usually provided with the same reference symbols. show:

03.09.2020 084A0006LU 15 LU102046 Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of the sequence of an exemplary embodiment of a method according to the invention and parts of an exemplary embodiment of a system according to the invention, Transferring the carrier to a first cooling module, Fig.3 shows a detailed schematic representation of the step of removing the loaded carrier from the first cooling module and relating to the step of transferring the carrier to a second cooling module, and Fig.4 shows a detailed schematic representation of the step of removing the loaded carrier from the second cooling module and with respect to the step of transferring the carrier to a washing module and removing the carrier from the washing module.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the sequence of an exemplary embodiment of a method according to the invention and parts of an exemplary embodiment of a system according to the invention.

The system includes a carrier 1, which is designed as a shelf and which can be loaded with glass objects 2. The system also includes a heating module 3, a first cooling module 4, a second cooling module 5 and a washing module 6. For the sake of clarity, a drive system of the system that moves the carrier 1 to the several modules (3, 4, 5, 6) one after the other is shown. transported, not shown in the figures.

03.09.2020 084A0006LU 16 LU102046 In a first step, the carrier 1 is loaded with glass objects 2. The carrier 1 is transferred to a loading position 7 for loading. The loading position 7 is in a lower horizontal plane, which is also shown in FIG.

After loading, the carrier 1 together with the glass objects 2 is transferred to a heating module 3 which is positioned vertically above the loading position 7 for this purpose. The heating module 3 is designed as an oven and has an opening on its underside through which the carrier 1 can be inserted by means of a vertical movement. The carrier 1 is fixed inside the heating module 3, preferably automatically. The heating module 3 is movably arranged in an upper horizontal plane. In the heating module 3, the glass objects 2 are heated to a primary temperature.

The heating module 3 is arranged vertically above the first cooling module 4 in an exchange position 8, preferably while the glass objects 2 are being heated, by performing a relative movement relative to the first cooling module 4. The first cooling module 4 has a cooling bath in which there is a liquid cooling agent 9 and which can be closed with a laterally displaceable cover 10, which is also shown in particular in FIGS. When it is ensured that the glass objects 2 have reached the primary temperature, the carrier 1 is released and a vertical transfer movement is carried out, in which the carrier 1 together with the glass objects 2 is removed from the heating module 3 downwards and from above into the previously opened one first cooling module 4 is transferred, which is shown in particular in FIG. The heating module 3 is then removed from the exchange position 8 . In a further step, the second AbkUhimodul 5 in the

09/03/2020 084A0006LU 17 LU102046 Exchange position 8 positioned. The second cooling module 5 is, in particular exclusively, movably arranged in the upper horizontal plane. Subsequently, the carrier 1 performs a vertical upward movement, during which the carrier 1 together with the glass objects 2 is removed from the liquid cooling agent 9 of the first cooling module 4 and transferred to the second cooling module 5 . The second cooling module 5 has an opening on the underside through which the carrier 1 can be inserted and removed again. The carrier 1 together with the glass objects 2 is left in the second cooling module 5 for a predetermined or predeterminable period of time or until a predetermined or predeterminable removal temperature of the glass objects 2 is reached. This prevents the glass objects 2 from cooling down too quickly. The second cooling module 5 is preferably removed immediately from the replacement position 8 so that the heating module 3 loaded with another carrier 1 (not shown) can be positioned again in the replacement position 8 . The second cooling module 5 is arranged in a second exchange position 11 above a washing module 6, which is shown in FIG. The washing module 6 is arranged in the lower horizontal plane.

When a predetermined or specifiable temperature of the glass objects 2 is reached in the second cooling module 5, a transfer movement of the carrier 1 is carried out, during which the carrier 1 together with the glass objects 2 arranged in or on the carrier 1 are removed from the second cooling module 5 and transferred to the Washing module 6 is transferred. By means of the washing module 6, residues of the | CELL.

03.09.2020 084A0006LU 18 LU102046 cooling agent 9 can be removed. The carrier 1 together with the glass objects 2 can then be removed from the washing module 6 vertically upwards by means of a removal movement. Thereafter, the carrier 1 is transferred to an unloading position 12, which is located in the lower horizontal plane. in the unloading position 12 the solidified glass objects 2 are removed from the carrier 1 . The carrier 1 can then be transferred back to the loading position 7 and loaded with new glass objects 2 .

2 mu

03.09.2020 084A0006LU 19 LU102046 List of reference symbols: 1 carrier 2 Gilas objects 3 heating module 4 first cooling module 5 second cooling module 6 washing module 7 loading position 8 exchange position 9 cooling means 10 lid 11 second exchange position 12 unloading position 'A Me //

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Claims (64)

03.09.2020 084A0006LU 20 LU102046 patent claims 1. A method for increasing the breaking strength and/or the hardness of glass objects (2), characterized in that a carrier (1) is loaded with the glass objects (2) and then successively transported in several transfer processes to several modules, namely at least one heating module (3rd ) in which the glass objects (2) are heated to a primary temperature, a first cooling module (4), which has a liquid cooling agent (9) at a cooling medium temperature, and a second cooling module (5) is transferred, with at least one of the transfer processes involving a relative movement one of the modules (3, 4, 5, 6) relative to another of the modules. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the transfer process from the heating module (3) to the first cooling module (4) includes the steps: a. Carrying out a relative movement between the heating module (3) and a first cooling module (4), in which the heating module (3) is arranged vertically in an exchange position (8) above the first cooling module (4), b. Carrying out a transfer movement in which the carrier (1) together with the glass objects (2) is removed from the heating module (3) and transferred to the first cooling module (4). 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the relative movement between the heating module (3) and the first cooling module (4) is a horizontal movement. 4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the transfer movement is a vertical movement. 09/03/2020 084A0006LU 21 LU102046 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first cooling module (4) has a cooling bath in which the liquid cooling agent (9) is located. 6. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4 and claim 5, characterized in that the transfer movement is an immersion movement, in which the carrier (1) together with the glass objects (2) removed from the heating module (3) and into the cooling bath of the first Cooling module (4) is immersed. 7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the glass objects (2) are sprinkled and/or sprayed with the liquid cooling agent (9). 8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the heating module (3), in particular exclusively, is arranged and/or moved in an upper horizontal plane and that the first cooling module (4), in particular exclusively, in a lower one Horizontal plane, which is spaced from the upper horizontal plane, is arranged and / or is moved. 9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by the steps: a. Carrying out a relative movement between the heating module (3) and the first cooling module (4), during which the heating module (3) is removed from the replacement position (8), b. Carrying out a relative movement between the first cooling module (4) and a second cooling module, in which the second cooling module is arranged in the exchange position {(8) above the first cooling module (4), c. Carrying out an upward movement of the carrier (1), during which the carrier (1) together with the glass objects (2) is removed from the cooling bath and transferred to the second cooling module, and 09/03/2020 084A0006LU 22 LU102046 d. Leaving the carrier (1) together with the glass objects (2) in the second cooling module (5) for a predetermined or predeterminable period of time or until a predetermined or predeterminable removal temperature of the glass objects (2) is reached. 10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the relative movement between the first cooling module (4) and the second cooling module (5) is a horizontal movement. 11. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the ascent movement is a vertical movement. 12. The method according to claim 8 and one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the second cooling module is arranged and/or moved, in particular exclusively, in the upper horizontal plane. | 15 13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the carrier (1) is arranged for loading in a loading position. 14. The method according to claim 8 and claim 13, characterized in that the loading position is arranged in the lower horizontal plane. 15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the transfer of the carrier (1) together with the glass objects (2) into the heating module (3) includes that the heating module (3) is arranged above the loading position and the carrier (1) is introduced into the heating module (3) from below by means of a vertical movement. 16. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized by the steps: 09/03/2020 084A0006LU 23 LU102046 a. Carrying out a relative movement in which the second cooling module is arranged in a second exchange position (11) above a washing module (6), b. Carrying out a transfer movement of the carrier (1), in which the carrier (1) together with the glass objects (2) arranged in or on the carrier (1) is removed from the second cooling module (5) and transferred into the washing module (6), c . Removing the cooling agent (9) still adhering to the glass objects (2) and/or to the carrier (1) by means of the washing module (6), d. Removing the carrier (1) together with the glass objects (2) arranged in or on the carrier (1) from the washing module (6) by means of a removal movement. 17. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 15 and claim 16, characterized in that the washing module (6) is arranged in the lower horizontal plane. 18. The method according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the relative movement, in which the second cooling module is arranged in a second exchange position (11) above a washing module (6), is a horizontal movement. 19. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 18, characterized in that the transfer movement of the carrier (1), in which the carrier (1) together with the glass objects (2) arranged in or on the carrier (1) from the second cooling module ( 5) is removed and transferred to the washing module {6} is a vertical movement. 20. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 19, characterized in that the removal movement is a vertical movement. 09/03/2020 084A0006LU 24 LU102046 21. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that several carriers (1) are used simultaneously. 22. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the method is carried out cyclically repeating. 23. The method according to claim 21 and 22, characterized in that several carriers (1) are used simultaneously, the | Cycle continuously through one after the other. 24. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that several heating modules are used parallel or overlapping in time and/or several first cooling modules (4) are used in parallel or overlapping in time and/or in parallel or overlapping in time several second cooling modules (5) are used. 25. The method as claimed in one of claims 16 to 24, characterized in that a plurality of washing modules (6) are used in parallel or in a temporally overlapping manner and/or in parallel or in a temporally overlapping manner. 26. The method according to any one of claims 23 to 25, characterized in that the number of heating modules (3) used is different from the number of first cooling modules (4) used and/or that the number of first cooling modules (4) used differs from the The number of second cooling modules (5) used is different and/or that the number of second cooling modules (5) used is different from the number of washing modules (6) used. 27. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 26, characterized in that 09/03/2020 084A0006LU 25 LU102046 a. the carrier (1) run through several processing lines in parallel, each of which has several modules from the set: heating module (3), first cooling module (4), second cooling module (5) and washing module (6), or that b. the carriers (1) run through several processing lines in parallel, each of which has several modules from the group: heating module (3), first cooling module (4), second cooling module (5) and washing module (6), at least two of the processing lines have one of the modules in common . 28. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 27, characterized in that the immersion movement automatically causes a relative movement between the cooling means (9) and a cooling means influencing material arranged in the cooling means (9). 29. The method according to claim 28, characterized in that the material influencing the cooling medium is a cleaning element or a filter or a regeneration material. 30. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 29, characterized in that the cooling agent (9) contains an oil and/or a metal and/or a molten salt or that the cooling agent (9) is an oil or a metal or a molten salt. 31. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 27, characterized in that the primary temperature is at most 50 Kelvin below and at most 30 Kelvin above the Littleton point of the glass material of the glass objects (2). 32. The method according to claim 31, characterized in that the cooling medium (9) has a cooling medium temperature which is at least 200 Kelvin and at most 550 Kelvin, in particular at least 200 Kelvin and at most 450 Kelvin, below the primary temperature. 09/03/2020 084A0006LU 26 LU102046 33. System, in particular automatic system, in particular for carrying out a method according to one of claims 1 to 32, characterized in that a, in particular automatic, | drive system is present, the at least one carrier (1), which can be loaded with glass objects (2), successively to a plurality of modules, namely at least to a heating module (3), in which the glass objects (2) can be heated to a primary temperature, a first cooling module (4) which has a liquid cooling medium (9) at a cooling medium temperature and is transferred to a second cooling module (5), at least two of the modules being movable relative to one another by means of the drive system and at least one of the transfer processes involving a relative movement of one of the modules relative to another of the modules includes. 34. Plant according to claim 33, characterized in that by means of the drive system, a relative movement between the | heating module (3) and the first cooling module (4), in which the heating module (3) is arranged in an exchange position (8) above the first cooling module (4) and that a transfer movement can be carried out by means of the drive system, in which the carrier (1) is removed together with the glass objects (2) from the heating module (3) and transferred to the cooling bath of the first cooling module (4). 35. Plant according to claim 34, characterized in that the relative movement between the heating module (3) and the first cooling module (4) is a horizontal movement. 36. Plant according to claim 34 or 35, characterized in that the transfer movement is a vertical movement. 09/03/2020 084A0006LU 27 LU102046 37. Plant according to one of claims 33 to 36, characterized in that the first cooling module (4) has a cooling bath in which the liquid cooling agent (9) is located. 38. Plant according to claim 37, characterized in that the transfer movement is an immersion movement, by means of which the carrier (1) together with the glass objects (2) can be removed from the heating module (3) and immersed in the cooling bath of the first cooling module (4). 39. Plant according to one of claims 33 to 38, characterized in that the first cooling module (4) has a spraying device, by means of which the glass objects (2) can be sprayed with the liquid cooling agent (9), and/or that the first cooling module ( 4) has a sprinkling device, by means of which the glass objects (2) can be sprinkled with the liquid cooling agent (9). 40. Plant according to one of claims 33 to 39, characterized in that the heating module (3), in particular exclusively, is arranged in an upper horizontal plane and/or is movable and that the first cooling module (4), in particular exclusively, in a lower one Horizontal plane, which is spaced from the upper horizontal plane, is arranged and / or is movable. 41. Plant according to one of claims 33 to 40, characterized in that a relative movement can be carried out by means of the drive system, in which the second cooling module is arranged in the exchange position (8) above the first cooling module (4), and that by means of the drive system a Emerging movement of the carrier (1) can be carried out, in which the carrier (1) together with the glass objects (2) is removed from the cooling bath and transferred to the second cooling module. 09/03/2020 084A0006LU 28 LU102046 42. Plant according to claim 41, characterized in that the relative movement between the first cooling module (4) and the second cooling module (5) is a horizontal movement. 43. Plant according to claim 41 or 42, characterized in that the upward movement is a vertical movement. 44. Plant according to one of claims 41 to 43, characterized in that the second cooling module is arranged, in particular exclusively, in the upper horizontal plane and/or is movable, 45. Installation according to one of claims 33 to 44, characterized in that the carrier (1) can be arranged in a loading position for loading by means of the drive system. 46. Plant according to claim 40 and claim 45, characterized in that the loading position is arranged in the lower horizontal plane. 47. Plant according to claim 45 or 46, characterized in that, in particular by means of the drive system, a vertical movement for transferring the carrier (1) together with the glass objects (2) into the heating module (3) can be carried out. 48. Plant according to one of claims 33 to 47, characterized in that, in particular by means of the drive system, a, in particular horizontal, relative movement can be carried out, in which the second cooling module is arranged in a second exchange position (11) above a washing module (6). . 49. Plant according to Claim 48, characterized in that, in particular by means of the drive system, a relative movement, in particular vertical, can be carried out, in which the carrier (1) together with the glass objects (2) arranged in or on the carrier (1) are removed from the second cooling module (5) is removed and transferred to the washing module (6). 09/03/2020 084A0006LU 29 LU102046 50. Plant according to claim 40 and according to claim 48 or 49, characterized in that the washing module (6) is arranged in the lower horizontal plane. 51. Plant according to one of claims 33 to 50, characterized in that the heating module (3) is designed as an oven or has at least one oven. 52. Plant according to claim 51, characterized in that the furnace has at least two furnace areas with different furnace temperatures. 53 System according to one of Claims 33 to 52, characterized in that the system has a plurality of carriers (1) or that the system has a number of carriers (1) which can be used simultaneously. 54. Plant according to claim 53, characterized in that the carriers (1) can be transferred from module to module in a cyclically repeating manner. 55. System according to one of claims 33 to 54, characterized in that the system has several heating modules and/or several first cooling modules (4) and/or several second cooling modules (5) and/or several washing modules (6). 56. System according to claim 55, characterized in that the number of heating modules (3) used differs from the number of first cooling modules (4) used and/or that the number of first cooling modules (4) used differs from the number of second Cooling modules (5) is different and/or that the number of second cooling modules (5) used is different from the number of washing modules (6) used. 57. Plant according to one of claims 33 to 56, characterized in that the plant with a plurality of processing lines 03.09.2020 084A0006LU 30 LU102046 several modules, in particular from the set: heating module (3), first cooling module (4), second cooling module (5) and washing module (6). 58. Plant according to claim 57, characterized in that at least two of the processing lines have one of the modules in common. 59. Plant according to one of claims 33 to 58, characterized in that the heating module (3) is designed to accommodate exactly one carrier (1) and/or that the first cooling module (4) is designed to accommodate exactly one carrier (1). and/or that the second cooling module (5) is designed to hold exactly one carrier (1) and/or that the washing module (6) is designed to hold exactly one carrier (1). 60. Plant according to one of Claims 33 to 59, characterized in that a cooling medium influencing material is fastened in the cooling bath, in particular movably, in such a way that the immersion movement of the carrier (1) and/or the surfacing movement of the carrier (1) causes a relative movement between the Cooling agent (9) and the cooling agent influencing material caused. 61. Plant according to claim 60, characterized in that the material influencing the cooling medium is a cleaning element or a filter or a regeneration material. 62. Plant according to one of claims 33 to 61, characterized in that the cooling agent (9) contains an oil and/or a metal and/or a molten salt or that the cooling agent (9) is an oil or a metal or a molten salt. 63. Plant according to one of claims 33 to 62, characterized in that the primary temperature is at most 50 Kelvin TUT mju 03.09.2020 084A0006LU 31 LU102046 below and at most 30 Kelvin above the Littleton point of the glass material of the glass objects (2). 64. Plant according to claim 63, characterized in that the cooling medium (9) has a cooling medium temperature which is at least 200 Kelvin and at most 550 Kelvin, in particular at least 200 Kelvin and at most 450 Kelvin, below the primary temperature. em