LT5938B - Tires rubber, plastcs, automobile oil filters and wood waste disposal and heating device and it's operation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to waste disposal and heating equipment and methods. Invention expands the device's functionality and effective use of provided heat, in waste disposal, heating and improves operating conditions. Around the chimney (5) there is equipped a heat exchanger (16) of which water outlet (17) and return (18) pipes are connected with combustion chamber (1) water tank and water tank (14) in which is placed the condensate drain-cooler (9). Chimney (5) heated from the heat, distributes the heat for the heat exchanger (16) installed around it, from which the water is sucked and divided into two parts: one pipe branch (19) is supplied into the combustion chamber (1) water tank, the next part of the pipe branch (20) – into condensate drain-cooler (9) water tank (14), from which the return water mixed with the condensate in the tank (14) for return to the heat exchanger (16) it is pumped into water return pipe (18), in it for return is also supplied with heated water from the combustion chamber (1) water tank.

Description

The invention relates to waste disposal and heating equipment and methods and is intended not only to recover tires, rubber, plastic, automotive oil filter and wood panel waste, but also to heat the premises.

Known tire, rubber and plastic waste disposal unit described in patent application No. 2011 068 filed with the State Patent Bureau of the Republic of Lithuania on 22.07.2011, consisting of solid fuel boiler furnace, gas collection chamber, burner mounted between gas collection chamber and gas combustion chamber with an exhaust chimney, a metal vessel with a lid, installed in the gas incinerator, for waste heating and a condensate collector-cooler. Combustible gases from solid fuels burned in the combustion chamber and collected in the gas collection chamber enter the burner, which mixes with air from the ambient air to form a flammable mixture. The combustible mixture, when heated at high temperature, heats the metal vessel with the waste. The heated vessel is subjected to a heat treatment (pyrolysis) of the waste, whereby the recovered usable gas (residual) is fed to the burner.

The disadvantage of the known technical solution is that its functional capabilities are limited because the design does not provide for the utilization of the generated heat.

The object of the invention is to extend the functional capabilities of the unit and to efficiently utilize the generated heat in waste utilization, heating, and to improve the operating conditions.

In order to achieve the object of the invention, a device consisting of a furnace, gas collection and combustion chambers, a burner, a metal vessel for accommodating it, an inlet gas condenser, a condensate collector-cooler connected to a metal vessel, additionally equipped with a heat exchanger the pipes with the combustion water tank and the additionally installed condensate collector-cooler water tank are connected so that one branch of the outlet pipe is directed to the combustion water tank and the other to the condensate collector-cooler water tank, which is connected to the water return pipe to the heat exchanger also a connected water tank for returning hot water.

Also, for the purpose of the present invention, a crane is mounted to a gas incinerator for loading a metal container with waste into the gas incinerator and for raising it after the thermal treatment of the waste.

Also for the purpose of the invention, the chimney, when heated from the combustion of a combustible mixture consisting of flammable gas obtained from the combustion of solid fuels, air and residual gases generated by the thermal treatment of the waste in a metal vessel, transfers heat to the heat exchanger divides into one part of one pipe branch into the water tank of the furnace and another part of the pipe branch into the water tank of the condensate collector-cooler, from which the return water mixed with the condensate discharged into the water is returned to the water return pipe , to which they also return hot water from the firebox water tank for return.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing. The drawing shows a schematic diagram of the recovery and heating system for tires, rubber, plastic, automotive oil filters and wood-panel waste.

The apparatus consists of a solid fuel furnace 1, a gas collecting chamber 2, a burner 3, a gas burning chamber 4 with an exhaust chimney 5, provided with a metal vessel 6 for waste heat treatment with a lid 7, a gas outlet pipe 8, a condensate collector 9 connecting the gas outlet pipe 8 and the tail gas channel 10 to the burner 3 on the side of the gas collection chamber 2. In addition, the gas outlet pipe 8 is connected via a sleeve 11 to the pipe 12 provided in the cover 7 of the metal vessel 6. The condensate collector 9 with condensate drain valves 13 is placed in a water tank 14 to utilize the accumulated condensate at 80 ° C. it into the pipes of the heating system. The burner 3 mounted between the gas collection chamber 2 and the gas combustion chamber 4 enables efficient combustion of the combustible mixture at high temperature. The gas firing chamber 4 has a double body: the outer metal, the internal - fireclay brick. The gas combustion chamber 4 may be insulated with insulating material. A crane 15 mounted to the gas combustion chamber 4 is provided for lifting a metal vessel 6 from the gas combustion chamber 4 after heat treatment of the waste, and for lifting and discharging a subsequent metal vessel 6 with waste into the gas combustion chamber 4. the heat exchanger 16, the water outlet 17 and the water return 18 pipes connected to the water tank 14 of the furnace 1 and the water tank 14 of the condensate collector-cooler 9. The water outlet pipe 17 has two branches, one 19 for supplying water to the water tank 1 a condensate collector-cooler 9 water tank 14. The water return pipe 18 is connected to a conduit 19 exiting the water tank 1 of the furnace 1 and to a conduit 20 exiting the condensate collector 9 water vessel 14.

The unit operates as follows.

During combustion of solid fuels such as firewood in the furnace 1, the flammable gas formed from the gas collection chamber 2 enters the burner 3. In the burner 3, the flammable gas mixes with the air supplied from the environment and heated from the hot burner 3 to form a flammable mixture. When the combustible mixture is heated at a temperature of about 1500 ° C, the gas combustion chamber 4 generates heat which heats the metal vessel 6 with waste, such as rubber, plastic, and also the exhaust chimney 5, which releases the heat to the heat exchanger 16. reaches at least 1000 ° C. The metal vessel 6 is subjected to a pyrolysis heat treatment inside the metal vessel. Thermal treatment of waste produces gaseous (volatile and residual useful gas), liquid and solid materials. The gas from the metal vessel 6 is discharged through the pipe 7 in the cap 7 and directed into the pipes 8 and 10. The volatile gas which is unsuitable for use is discharged through the outlet pipe 8 and the residual gas suitable for use is fed back to the burner 3 side. The liquid material condensate is discharged through the drain valves 13 of the condensate collector-cooler 9 to the water tank 14. After heat treatment of the waste, the crane 15 lifts the metal vessel 6 from the gas combustion chamber 4 and removes the solid carbon when the lid 7 is opened. This coal can be used for a wide range of applications.

The outlet water from the heat exchanger 16 is divided into two parts: one part of the pipe branch 19 is fed to the water tank 1 of the furnace and the other part of the pipe branch 20 to the water tank 14 of the condensate collector-cooler 9, where it mixes with condensate discharged to the water tank 14 through the drain valves 13. The hot water from the water tank 14 and the water tank 1 of the furnace 1 through the pipes 19,20 returns to the heat exchanger 16.

Since the heat of the chimney 5 in the gas combustion chamber 4 is heated to a temperature of at least 200 ° C, the heat exchanger 16 from the hot exhaust chimney 5 heats up quite well, thereby recovering heat from various wastes and utilizing it for space heating.

The claimed recovery and heating unit works efficiently and reliably. It ensures the safe, environmentally friendly and economical utilization of waste tires, rubber, plastic, automotive oil filters and wood-based panels for the thermal treatment of waste and the efficient recovery and utilization of thermal energy generated by waste disposal. The main advantage of the technical solution is that the heat of the hot exhaust chimney is used for the heat exchanger. One of its advantages is that the condensate formed by heat treatment of the waste is used for heating, and the residual gas in the mixture of flammable gas and air is used for combustion, which reduces fuel consumption. In addition, the pyrolysis of waste in a metal vessel does not produce harmful substances, as in a normal combustion process. The concentration of combustion products discharged into the environment through the exhaust chimney is below the allowable limits. The advantage of the disclosed device is that the gas-fired chamber with double casing, internal - fireclay brick, outer metal - allows to maintain a constant and high temperature necessary for the pyrolysis process. The crane installed near the gas combustion chamber for loading and unloading the metal vessel improves the operating conditions of the stated technical solution.

Claims (3)

DEFINITION OF INVENTION 1. Tire, rubber, plastic, automotive oil filter and wood panel waste recovery and heating plant consisting of a combustion chamber, a gas collection and incineration chamber, a burner, a metal receptacle for inlet, a condensate collector-cooler connected to a metal vessel, characterized in that a heat exchanger is additionally arranged around the exhaust chimney, the water outlet and return pipes of which are connected to the combustion water tank and the water condensate collector water tank is connected so that one branch of the outlet pipe is directed to the water tank; the water tank of the condensate collector cooler, which is connected to a water return pipe to the heat exchanger, to which also the water tank for the return of hot water is connected. 2. A waste recovery and heating device for tires, rubber, plastics, automotive grease filters, and wood panels according to claim 1, wherein the gas combustion chamber is equipped with a crane for loading and unloading a metal waste container into the gas incineration chamber after heat treatment. . 3. The method of operation of the device, wherein the heat of the combustible mixture of combustible gas obtained from the combustion of solid fuels, air and residual gas from the heat treatment of the waste in a metal vessel is transferred to a metal vessel with a waste and exhaust chimney the chimney, when heated from the heat, transfers the heat to the heat exchanger installed around it, dividing the output water into two parts, one part of the pipe branch into the water tank and the other part of the pipe into the water tank of the condensate collector, from which mixed with condensate discharged into the tank, it is fed back to the heat exchanger into a water return pipe, to which hot water from the water tank of the furnace is also fed back.