LT4952B - Method and system for fire-fighting and stopping leaks on the ships - Google Patents

Abstract

Invention is attributed to the emergency rescue measures, with which oceanic, sea or fluvial navies as well as lodgements, having danger of inundation or fire may be equipped. The aim of invention is to increase maintenance qualities of the rescue system, increase of its economy and assurance of crew's and lodgement's security. The system consists of the central manifold (1), distributive manifolds (2) attached to it. The latter are connected to the guarded lodgement (3). Compressor (4), which is connected to the receiver (7) by the reverse valve (5) and pressure relay (6), is built in the central manifold (1). The pressure relay valve (9), control device (10), and pressurised incombustible gas reservoir (11) are interconnected by the electromagnetic bolt (8). Electromagnetic valves (12), pressure relay valves (13) and adapters (14) for depressurising of the additional volumes (15), installed in the guarded lodgements (3), are installed in the distributive manifolds (2). Fire (15) and water (16) detectors are installed in the guarded lodgement (3). The mode of lodgement protection from inundation presumes the filling of the elastic volumes with air until the tucks of expanded elastic volumes fill all profiles of the guarded lodgement. The lodgement fire protection mode presumes the displacement of the oxidiser from all profiles of the lodgement by the incombustible gas, which is sprayed from the reservoir (11) when due to the high temperature the reservoirs, where this gas is kept lose their air tightness.

Description

The invention relates to emergency rescue equipment, which can be provided to ocean, sea, river fleet, as well as to various premises, which can be flooded or in case of fire.

There is a known ship rescue device having underwater lifesaving apparatus housed in ship hull tunnels, coupled thereto with quick-release actuators and lock chambers, as well as propulsion submersible submarine escape units. In addition, the unit has a submarine launch control system consisting of a series of connected pressure transducers located inside and outside the hull, amplifiers, triggers, and current relays that are connected to a quick-release compound drive. The said control system also has delay elements through which the current relays are connected to the pneumatic actuators of the ejection units. In addition, each current relay has an additional winding with a button for its connection (see Russian Patent No. 2013304, Publ. 1994).

It is also known that between 2 and 5% (w / w) bromchladone is involved in the extinguishing reaction when extinguishing fires indoors. Chladon's vapor is dangerous to the crew, and contaminating the atmosphere during emergency room ventilation. This problem was solved by the use of a ship-based liquid fire extinguishing system consisting of a tank of fire-extinguishing fluids, air-balloon, spray and air intake manifolds located on the ship's premises, fittings, compressor, refrigerator, separator, assembled extinguishing fluid tank. Patent No. 2055612, Publ. 1996).

The disadvantages of this system are:

- Low system efficiency as high negative temperatures are required to condense chladons from the emergency room gas-air mixture to avoid endangering crew life. It is practically impossible to achieve such temperatures in compressor refrigerators that are water-cooled;

- Chladon gas extinguishers cannot be condensed due to insufficiently low temperatures in compressor refrigerators;

- Low system economy as compressed gas does not do useful work and is dumped into emergency rooms.

The closest technical solution is to maintain the floating vessel in a floating position, which has a flexible, rechargeable tank in the section of the vessel which is fitted and conforms to its shape and which is connected to a gas supply serving a solid fuel generator with an outlet nozzle containing solid fuel cartridges and ignition units. The cartridges in each section have a rising mass and a gas generator outlet nozzle. Flex! the refillable tank has a temperature relay inside which the ignition units are connected to the power source in the auxiliary compartments (see former USSR Certificate No. 1706914, publ. 1992).

However, such a rescue device is characterized by low performance due to the lack of a rapid signaling system and instant response and emergency response.

The object of the invention is to improve the performance of the rescue system, to increase its economy and to ensure the safety of the premises and the crew.

For this purpose, an anti-flood and fire protection system for the ship's compartments is proposed, consisting of elastic refillable containers located in the security compartments. These tanks are connected to an air or gas supply. What is new is that the system consists of a central pipeline to which distribution pipelines are connected, which are elastically connected to elastic refillable containers located in storage rooms. In the central pipeline there is a compressor which is connected to the receiver by means of check valve and pressure relay, as well as pressure valve, control panel and reservoir with compressed non-flammable gas are connected via solenoid valve. Solenoid valves, pressure relay type valves and solenoid valves for sealing of refillable containers are located on the distribution piping. In addition, the storage rooms include a fire sensor and a water contact sensor, and a non-flammable gas storage tank is connected to the central pipeline via an electromagnetic damper and a pressure relay valve. The volume of the elastic filling capacity shall be greater than the free volume of the protected space. Elastic tanks are made of thin elastic synthetic material, which keeps high temperature.

The proposed technical solution is illustrated in the drawing.

FIG. Figure 1 shows a general scheme of flood protection and fire protection systems for ship spaces. The system consists of a central pipeline (1) to which distribution pipelines (2) are connected. Distribution pipelines (2) are connected to protected premises (3). The central pipeline (1) is equipped with a compressor (4) which is connected to the receiver (7) by means of a non-return valve (5) and a pressure relay (6). Use a solenoid valve (8) to connect the pressure relay valve (9), control panel (10) and reservoir (11) with compressed non-flammable gas. The distribution piping (2) is equipped with solenoid valves (12), pressure relay-type valves (13) and solenoid valves (14) for sealing elastic refillable containers (15) which are stored in the storage rooms (3). The storage rooms (3) include a fire sensor (16) and a water contact sensor (17). The reservoir (11) with compressed non-flammable gas is connected to the central pipeline (1) by means of an electromagnetic valve (18) and a pressure relay valve (19).

In addition, the elastic refillable containers (15) are made of a thin elastic synthetic material which can withstand high temperatures and are elastically coupled to the manifolds (2). The volume of the elastic refillable container (15) must be greater than the free volume of the protected space (3).

The method of flood protection of the premises consists of blocking the free volume of the protected room by filling the elastic tanks with air until the elastic containers of the expanded volume fill all the profiles of the protected room. In addition, the defined air pressure in the elastic receptacle is fixed.

The fire protection of rooms is characterized by the fact that the oxidant (air) is pushed out of the protected room by filling the elastic tanks with gas until the elastic containers of the expanded volume fill all profiles of the protected room. In addition, the defined gas pressure achieved in the elastic vessel is recorded. When the gas is supplied to the elastic container until the container loses airtightness due to the high temperature and the oxidant is expelled from the room, the control of the gas supply in the non-pressurized container is performed manually by means of the control panel (10).

The flood protection and fire protection system works as follows.

In the event of an accident, the water penetrates to the relevant premises (3). The sensors (17), which are mounted in the lower part of the room, inform the control panel (10). When the control panel (10) alarm is triggered, the solenoid valve (8) in the central pipeline (1) and the solenoid valve (12) in the distribution pipeline (2) at the room from which the alarm was received are opened. Air is supplied from the receiver (7) to the elastic refillable container (15) (or several elastic containers depending on the volume of the room). The air pressure in the reservoir (7) falls below the calculated value and the compressor (4) is then actuated via the pressure relay (6). The air entering the elastic container (15) begins to expand its volume until its folds occupy the entire free volume of the room (3). The volume of the elastic container (15) (or several elastic containers) must be greater than the free volume of the room. Filled elastic containers (15) fill all profiles of the room (3), plastically wrapping all the protrusions and hoods up to the ceiling, floor and walls. Upon reaching the corresponding air pressure in the existing storage room (3) in the elastic vessel (15), a pressure relay-type valve (13) in the distribution pipe (2) is activated. This valve (13) covers the conduit (2), terminates the electrical circuit to the solenoid valve (12) and closes. When the corresponding pressure in the central conduit (1) is reached, the pressure relay-type valve (9) covers the conduit (1) and disconnects the electrical circuit to the solenoid valve (8) and closes. When the calculated pressure in the reservoir (7) is reached, the pressure relay (6) disconnects the compressor (4) and the non-return valve (5) traps the air in the reservoir (7). When the crane (14) is opened, the elastic container (15) is sealed.

The fire protection system of the premises operates as follows.

The fire detectors (16) supply a signal to the control panel (10). The solenoid valve (18) and solenoid valve (12) of the non-flammable gas reservoir (11) open. As the gas expands, it expands the elastic receptacle (15) in the room (3), displaces the oxidizer (air), and the elastic receptacle (15) fills all profiles of the room (3). In the case of a small fire and a low temperature in the room (3), the container (15) covers the fire and extinguishes it without damaging its surface. The achieved gas pressure is recorded as follows: when the corresponding air pressure is reached in the elastic vessel (15), a pressure relay-type valve (13) in the distribution pipe (2) is activated. this valve (13) overlaps the conduit (2), breaks the electrical circuit into the solenoid valve (12) and closes. In addition, the central pipeline (1) increases the pressure, closes the pressure relay valve (19), shuts off the electrical circuit to the solenoid valve (18) and closes it. When the fire is extinguished, the gas from the elastic container (15) is pumped into the tank (11) by means of a stucco (14). In the event of a large fire and a high temperature in the room (3), expanding the vessel (15) will expel large quantities of gas. The oxidant (air) pushed out as the tank (15) expands and the gas exits abruptly, stops the combustion reaction and extinguishes the fire. In the case of a pressurized container (15), the control process in the panel (10) is performed manually.

The method of protection against flooding and fire in ship compartments is implemented as follows. The overboard water penetrating into the ship's compartments is rapidly blocked by an automated signal with the aid of elastic refillable containers (15) which are housed in the compartment (3). The tanks are filled with air until the pleats of the increased capacity occupy all the profiles of the room (3). In addition, the corresponding pressure in the tanks is fixed. The gas-filled tanks (15) displace the oxidant, occupy all profiles of the room (3), and extinguish the fire by plastically enclosing each bulb or recess of the room (3) and the fireplace. The gas receptacles (15) are supplied by the same communication system as the air (when the automatic alarm is triggered when there is a risk of flooding). In addition, the fireplace is extinguished by the gas that occurs in the room (3) when the elastic container (15) is pressurized at high temperature.

The proposed anti-flood and fire protection system of the ship has the following advantages over other similar systems:

- the system can protect the premises from flooding and fire;

- Elastic refillable tanks block water penetration indoors and in the event of fire, displace oxidant (air) in initial danger of flooding and fire;

thanks to the presence of automatic emergency response sensors and automatic line switching units in the system, at the same time increasing the performance of the rescue system;

whereas the supply of air and gas to the system through a single communication line and the use of common automated equipment thus saves useful space, reduces equipment weight, and reduces the cost of metal and automatic operation equipment;

the system has a preventive (warning) character, operates quickly, reliably and simply to prevent a fire from ejecting a gaseous explosive mixture from a protected room, or, if the fire has already occurred, to locate and extinguish it as soon as it burns; they are returned from the elastic tank back to the tank, thus saving raw materials (gas) and not polluting the atmosphere; in the event of a risk of flooding, after the operation of the automatic system, the ship becomes a lifeboat and is practically sunk, thereby guaranteeing the survival of the ship itself, of the cargo and of the passengers and crew;

The system can be widely used, for example, for low-volume yachts and boats, single and multi-dwelling houses, warehouses, service and production facilities.

Claims (7)

DEFINITION OF INVENTION 1. Flood and fire protection system for ship's compartments, consisting of elastic refillable tanks connected to an air or gas supply and located in security rooms, characterized in that the system consists of a central pipeline (1) to which distribution pipelines (2) are connected. , which are connected to the protected premises (3), a compressor (4) is arranged in the central pipeline (1), which is connected to the receiver (7) by means of a non-return valve (5) and a pressure relay (6), as well as an electromagnetic damper (8). connected pressure relay valve (9), control panel (10) and reservoir (11) with pressurized non-flammable gas, solenoid valves (12), pressure relay type valves (13) and solenoid valves (14) on the distribution pipes (2) for sealing, the storage rooms (3) also have a fire sensor (15) and a water contact sensor (16), and a reservoir (11) with a non-flammable gas at the central pipeline (1). connected via solenoid valve (18) and pressure relay valve (19). 2. A system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the elastic inflatable tanks (15) are elastically connected to the manifolds (2). 3. A system according to claim 1, characterized in that the volume of the elastic additional container (15) is greater than the free volume of the protected space (3). 4. A system according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic additional containers (15) are made of a thin elastic synthetic material which maintains a high temperature. .5 Means of flood containment and fire protection for ship compartments, consisting of the blocking of intruding water by filling the elastic receptacles in the enclosures, except that the elastic receptacles shall be filled with air until the elevated volume enclosures occupy all profiles of the secured enclosure. walls, ceilings and floors and fixes the corresponding air pressure in the tanks. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the gas-filled elastic tanks expel the oxidant (air) from all room profiles and extinguishes the fire by plastically enveloping all of the room's recesses, bumps, and fire hearth until the elastic containers rest on the walls, ceiling, and floor. it also records the corresponding gas pressure in the tanks. 7. A process according to claims 5 and 6, characterized in that, at high temperatures, the container is sealed by venting a large amount of gas into the room and stopping the combustion reaction.