LT3575B - Timbering, making of many connected light elements and method for melting, to be use the timbering - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a formwork which comprises a plurality of interconnected elements for casting walls or similar structures, the type of which is defined in p. 1. The present invention also relates to the application of said formwork members as set forth in the claims of the invention. 9th

Casting of foundations, retaining walls, ordinary walls, panels or ceilings from concrete or similar hardening materials using elements of a formwork consisting of wooden elements requires a laborious labor and time consuming. Such wooden elements have a heavy weight and are uncomfortable to use. They have to be transported by vehicles with a lifting device. These elements must be secured to each other with special locks. During their use, working operations such as transfer, erection, dismantling, lubrication are necessary and their storage must be made possible.

In addition, manufactured brick blocks and elements require high labor costs at the manufacturing plant, are expensive to transport, high cost for brick wall construction and subsequent machining.

Known technical solutions are described in Norwegian patent no. 46428, 'in DE-OS 2213358, DE-AS 1684357, U.S. Patent No. 2184714, DE, C 23234489, DE, Al, 3727956, WO. Al 82/04188, DE, A 1812590, DE, C2, 3003446, SE, 206538, as well as FP-A-1603005.

The patent NO-PS 46428 describes a form formed by interconnecting them with a sequence. Because the coupling devices used in this known form are of a certain design, they can only be used as formwork for single columns. This shape may not be used for continuous walls or for reinforcing elements in the form of horizontal and Carba) diagonal bars. In addition, this patent discloses that adjacent sections or members are joined together by means of interconnected reinforcing devices which are firmly connected to one another.

DE-OS 2213358 is assigned to a flexible reinforced form,

LT 3575 B ^ε which is not supportive, covers ui. It is used in combination with a wall of wood sawdust arranged vertically and therefore exhibits essentially the same drawbacks as the shape of the door cavities.

DE-AS 1684357 also relates to a flexible, unsupported casing divided into interconnected sections which are connected to each other by means of fastening devices which tightly clamp the sections to one another. This known forming system prevents the production of continuous walls and, moreover, prevents the construction of transverse or intersecting reinforcing bars.

US-PS 2184714 does not relate to a formwork, but relates to precast reinforced cast concrete elements. When such concrete elements and blocks are used in construction, then fixing bars are used to hold adjacent blocks side by side in a ready-made structure.

Patent DE, C2, 324489 is constructive in many respects with the aforementioned Norwegian Patent No. 46428. In these variants, this structure cannot be used in place of the formwork.

Patent DE, Al, 3727956 discloses formwork elements made of lightweight concrete that can be glued to one another. In many respects, these known elements, although elongated in shape, are similar to the known concrete blocks mentioned above.

WO, Al, 82/04088 proposes methods for constructing a concrete product by casting it in a stationary position. The formwork is not a load-bearing unit, and the formwork built is actually a simple, thick-walled formwork that uses common connecting elements.

The construction elements described in patent DE, A, 1812590. The entire formwork design requires the use of several elements of different shapes. These non-uniform elements must be interconnected by tensioning devices while requiring a large amount of loose parts in the formwork.

In block DE, C2, 3003446, block-type formwork elements have been described previously and have the same drawbacks.

The patent SE 206538 describes a hollow device or building panels which do not have interconnected cavities consisting of adjacent panels, and there are no protruding connecting devices of the type 3575 B.

Patent FP, A, 1603005 describes a formwork having two flexible walls on opposite sides which can be prefabricated. The flexible walls of this known formwork consist of interconnected tubular thin-walled elements made of a C-section profile. The assembled longitudinal portion of one formwork member adjacent to the S adjacent pair forms a non-perforated common partition for the aforementioned pair of adjacent formwork members. In the preferred embodiment, these known formwork members are made of S cloth, and do not provide support members. In one of the examples of this patent, it is proposed to produce formwork elements from flexible, rolled metal panels. In this case, the formwork elements are, of course, load-bearing. According to this French patent, the following tubular connection methods are proposed: sewing, gluing and welding.

According to French patent FP, A, 1603005 the formwork elements have no interconnecting openings for free flow of concrete, in addition, as described, the openings surrounding each element as well as the partitions between adjacent elements must be filled in sequentially. the interlocking elements of the backfill shall be fixed or suspended between the upper and lower fastening elements. This circumstance, as well as the aforementioned interconnection methods, make it difficult to construct, lay and, in addition, complicate the concrete pouring process. The absence of joint holes in the built formwork prevents the use of internal, horizontal and CarbaD transverse reinforcing bars. In this embodiment, the formwork tubular elements made of rolled metal will take up a lot of space for transportation and storage on top.

According to the present invention there is provided a formwork made of interconnected elements which can be joined together by forming, for example, wall formwork, which can be filled with concrete or other hardening material, and which material can flow freely between the formwork. elements which result in a continuous structure which, when the formwork is in place C, is not removed Z) is covered with a material such as plastic.

It is also an object of the present invention to have the disadvantages of the known art

EN 3575 B 4 removal or substantial restriction.

Brief Description of the Invention

The object of the present invention is achieved by the difference in formwork structure, the element of which is described in the definition of the invention p.1. Mentioned. the hunger characteristics of the use of formwork elements are described in p. 9th

IS is essentially a cylindrical element of a formwork according to the present invention which is connected to one another by such a hunger that it forms, for example, a wall formwork which, when filled with concrete, allows it to flow freely between the formwork cylindrical element. forming a wall.

By using the formwork of the present invention, smaller amounts of concrete can be poured around the reinforcing bars compared to known formwork, since the airtight elements of the formwork are impermeable to water.

Casting of foundations eliminates the need to use along the foundation the so-called foundation plastics, and also saves plaster, mortar, and eliminates the need to cover openings by joining elements.

The preferred material for formwork made from a cylindrical element according to the present invention is polyvinyl chloride plastic, which has a high impact resistance and has a thickness of about 1mm, since such material will give the concrete structure surface the most attractive appearance, but in principle cardboard or other analogous material with corresponding properties and CarbaD-defined wall thickness.

Since the elements have a cylindrical shape, they are sufficiently resistant to bending. The shape of the cross-section may be round, oval or polygon C. For example, octagon, SeSi-rectangle and the like.3, and the corners are rounded. The cross-section may be square.

The formwork elements or their outer parts which are removed after use in accordance with the present invention may be retained after they have been poured into concrete. In the event that the formwork is left after filling, it is desirable to use it for the production of plastic with a surface-treated material, while eliminating the need for surface care. after pouring clojini.

The formwork elements of the present invention have a very low weight while the rigidity allows them to be stabilized by placing elements on top of concrete 3535 B on top of each other while reducing volume and weight, which drops to 98> S compared to previously known formwork.

When casting foundations, the cylindrical elements of the formwork are placed together on a cast base or simply on gravel. In the case where the ready-made structure is to be reinforced, reinforcing bars can serve as reinforcements, vertical, horizontal or angular, when forming, as can be achieved with the reinforcement. Each formwork element has its own aperture to obtain a reinforced duck structure, i. reinforcing bars are inserted horizontally or at an angle, and vertical reinforcing bars pass through the open ends of the formwork, where concrete filling begins. Hardened done. A simple home for one Seimas foundation can be one person in one business day.

Further, according to the present invention, mortar casting operations using cylindrical thin-walled formwork elements require a lower amount of ground work than the use of framed formwork.

During the wall entry, the soil is removed to its freezing depth, after which the formwork elements are placed in place, joined together and reinforced. If the top of the retaining wall is to be horizontal or rounded, the formwork elements shall be trimmed accordingly.

The low weight of the formwork elements and the inherent elasticity of the formwork make it easy to connect, for example, two formwork elements in an upright position. If such a connection is to be made, it is desirable that every second lower formwork element be located above the center level of the elements so that the joints are displaced vertically.

Formwork material, such as polyvinyl chloride plastic, may be painted.

The formwork elements of the present invention can be used in mortar pouring operations over and under water, for example in the construction of marinas and the like. For underwater casting, all reinforcement can be installed in the formwork S surface, eliminating the need for divers.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 and 2 are views of the standard element and the angular element i S vi r Saus in accordance with the first embodiment.

Fig. Fig. 3 is an illustration of five interconnected formwork elements i S vi r Saus C (four standard elements and one corner element) according to the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2.

Fig. Figure 4 is a top view of two interconnected formwork elements in accordance with the second embodiment.

Fig. 5 shows five interconnected formwork elements isometrically according to Fig. Option 4.

Fig. Figure 6 shows the formwork. The side wall of elements 4 and 5, in addition, the Si wall connects with the adjacent element.

Fig. 7 isometrically presented the two formwork elements before joining them in accordance with the third embodiment.

Fig. 8 isometrically presented Side view of three formwork elements after joining the elements according to the embodiment shown in fig. 7, image.

Fig. Fig. 9 is an angular view of three interconnected formwork elements from above.

Fig. 10 isometrically represented formwork according to variant »in fig. 1-3.

Figure 11 is a top view showing various frame elements shown in Figure 11. 1-3 & 10, Assembly Bodes.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In the three embodiments shown in Figures 1-3, IO and 11; Figures 4-6 and 7-9, respectively, denote the same elements and positions by the same number.

In the first embodiment, Fig. C. Headings 1 to 3, 10 and 113 1 indicate extended, »

a cylindrical, standard formwork member, and position 1 denotes an angular member having substantially the same shape. Elements 1.1 have open ends.

The cylindrical elements 1.1 of the formwork have an octagonal cross-section with rounded corners.

The standard element 1 has two opposing sides on the opposite side for connecting the 3535 B connecting devices.The connecting device has T-shaped stands 2 and T-grooves respectively.

3. Corner elements Cpav.2 and 11} have respective connecting devices 2 and 3 arranged in pairs on each side. Connection with »» stands 2, 2 and groove 3,3 is shown in fig. 3 and>

11. It is clear that the angular member 1 may, in another embodiment, have coupling devices only on two or three sides spaced 90 ° to each other.

Fig. In embodiments 1-3, 10 and 11, each formwork element e has a hole 4, 4 in one side portion which may extend over the entire height of the formwork element and in the other side portion C as seen in a cross section} which is angled (standard in elements like

O *} with respect to the aforementioned side portion having holes 4.4, holes 6 are made equidistant to each other in Cpav. 10} and are intended for concrete passage between>

formwork interconnected elements 1.1.

>

The formwork elements 1.1 are made of polyvinyl chloride plastic, cardboard or similar material with corresponding properties. The wall thickness can be about 1 mm. The shape of Ci 1 gives the formwork elements a high degree of rigidity without bending, without losing the elastic and elastic properties.

»

The apertures 4, 4 give the elements elastic properties and allow them to be tabulated by inserting the elements, which is important during transport.

»

Fig. 11 shows some elements of the formwork 1, 1 shown in FIG. 1-3 and 10, assembly variations. At the top of this figure are three interconnected standard elements 1. Because they are elastic, they can be arranged at any curve and angle. Bottom of Fig. Section 11 presents the jointing of the angular elements in the longitudinal and lateral directions, which allows to increase the dimensions of the formwork without changing the individual cross-section of their elements.

>>

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 4-6, the elements of the formwork 1 are round and cylindrical with a hole 4 corresponding to each other. holes 4, 4, form, »>

by virtue of which each individual element of the formwork 1 has a C-shaped carcass.

>>

In the outer part of the elements of the formwork 1 there are connecting devices consisting of stands 5 having a cross-section in the form of tongs.

partially Incorporated into, which gives a constant

Such connecting stands S are disposed and shaped such that they are adjacent to the element. EI 1 analog. ° ^va I can susikabanti with each other, when one element 1 »1 of the neighboring cell 1 the longitudinal bore 4 of the formwork construction.

* »

The part of the wall of each element of the formwork 1, facing the opening »4, has evenly spaced openings 6 Cpav. 62), between which there are also openings for placing horizontal Carba diagonal (Z) or »» rods (Cpav.52). The holes 4, 6 provide> »the possibility of free passage of concrete between the element 1» »>

Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 7-9, the elements of the formwork 1 have different cross-sections, varying in length U, the shape of the Si being determined by the construction of the connecting devices.

>>>

Fig. 7 shows two elements of the formwork 1 before joining them.

Each of these formwork elements on the opposite sides has a row »»>

perforated elements 8 which are displaced axially in each element 1 by an element 8 disposed on the opposite side of this element, thereby allowing areas 9 between one element's apertures 8 to be joined to adjacent element apertures 8. Such joining is secured by vertical locking rods 10.

Fig. 9 shows a formwork angle in which the corner element>> »» »>» differs slightly from the standard element 1 »» »». The pin element 1 is provided with interconnecting piers on two sides spaced 90 ° to each other.

Although the connecting elements shown are, for example:

5, are sufficiently strong, but when filled with concrete, these joints 5 between the formwork elements are reinforced by the load exerted by the concrete.

Tests that have been carried out with the formwork elements of the present invention have shown that, despite the low thickness and light weight of the wall, these elements are able to withstand the loads that occur during concrete pouring. The formwork elements of the present invention can replace the overall formwork for many practical purposes. The foundations and retaining walls can only be considered as examples of application of the present invention. These formwork elements can be used to pass through panels or roofs. In this case, the top of the wall of the formwork element must have cavities for filling with concrete.

It is possible to imagine the use of pre-assembled formwork groups, where different groups of elements form a single formwork.

t. y. Why- 8, 9 from Fig. 4 and

she thinks.

Where p walls and drawings have been noted earlier, the present invention is also different. hunger for structural casting using elements previously described.

offered for laying,

Claims (9)

DEFINITION OF INVENTION A formwork consisting of a plurality of interconnected lightweight elements for casting wall and analogue structures of> »» », each of the Cl-1 0 formwork elements being a cylindrical, thin-walled, flexible supporting structure having a device. > »>> Formwork Cl-1 Z) elements for interconnection, characterized by »» ► »that Cl-1 3 formwork elements» »> has holes C4, 4, 6; 4, 6, 83, made in at least two locations on elements disposed at an angle to each other in imaginary planes 3 passing through the side of the formwork element. in the longitudinal direction, in addition, they are arranged at positions determined by the »» connecting devices C2,3; 2, 3; 5,8,9,103 and the fact that known »> connecting devices C2,3; 2 3; 5,8,9,103 are filled with their separating ability, and are located in the Cl-1 3 elements of the formwork so hungry that the latter can be built with a support on the gre>>>> 3 elements of the Cl-1 formwork, or they may be coupled to adjacent members by partial access thereto, while in any case> > f covering the openings C4,4, 6; 4 .6; 83 from the outside, but joining them inside the sidewall of the formwork element and preventing the mortar from leaking, but providing a flow connection between the gate chambers formed by the internal parts of the Cl-1 3 elements of the formwork. 2. Formwork according to p. 1, characterized in that each deck »>»> Element Cl-1 3 has separate holes for inserting horizontal and Carba3 transverse diagonal reinforcing bars C73 therein. 3. Formwork according to p. p. 1,2, characterized in that the formwork element has a right polygonal cross-section and the openings C43 are filled in on two opposite sides. 4. Formwork according to p. p. 1,2, characterized in that each of the »» formwork elements has a circular cross-section and the holes are filled in two places arranged diametrically 5. Formwork according to p. p. 1,2, characterized by having> »>» »»> or more angular elements Cl; 1 3 and apertures C4, 6; 4, 6; > ► »»> 83 in angular elements Cl; 1 3 are filled, at least, in two transverse longitudinal areas displaced by planes C at an angle C passing through each side of the formwork. in the longitudinal direction and at an angle of 90 ° C4 , 6; 83 has one. LT 3575 B ¹¹ 6. Formwork according to p. p. 1-4, characterized by the fact that each 9 9 9 9 9 the element Cl, l, 1 Z) has a longitudinal opening C4; 4 Z), whereby each element of the formwork has a 2- shaped cross-section and the connecting devices C2,3; 3 '; 5Z) are designed for connection with disconnection capability from adjacent connectors. devices located directly • 9 along the longitudinal edges forming the aperture C 4; 4 Z), or near it .. 7. Formwork according to p. p. 1-4, characterized in that the apertures 9> »>> C6; 8? occupying at least one of the slanting angles in the lateral area of the element C1, 1 Z) only a portion of the formwork element in its longitudinal direction, moreover, a plurality of spaced spaced apart holes C6; 8? In the formwork elements. 8,9,10? during and after the connection process, i 8. Formwork according to p. p. 4, 7, characterized in that the apertures C8Z) in one part of each element of the formwork are axially displaced by the second part of the corresponding apertures C8? respect, thanks to what> »> adjacent element Cl Z) portions C9Z> located between holes C8Z) can be connected Catjungtosj with adjacent element holes C8Z), furthermore the connection with the disconnection capability is accomplished by the locking rod CIO? thanks to those who are in an upright position during joining and who can simultaneously serve as reinforcement. 9. The method of molding walls and analogue structures using a decking according to claim 9. p. 1-8, characterized in that the formwork for the wall or the analogue structure is formed by interconnecting cylindrical thin-walled and, preferably, flexible formwork elements C1-1 'Z) with openings C 4, 4, 6; 4, 6; 8? , made, at least, in two positions of the elements arranged at an angle to each other in the C-driven planes), which passes along the longitudinal side of each element of the formwork 9 »living devices C2,3; 2, 3; 5; 8, 9, 10Z) in the vicinity of the joining points, in addition, the connecting devices C2,3 of the Z) elements of the formwork Cl-1; 2, 3; 5; 9 9 9 9 adjoining formwork Cl-1 Z) elements or partially placed in adjoining formwork elements, by which the openings of the adjacent formwork element are joined and the openings are closed at the same time, and finally concrete or analogue curing agent is poured into the formwork .