KR970004465B1 - Power supply of a vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a power supplier for a vehicle comprising a first and a second switching unit serially connected with a vehicle battery; a motor parallel connected with the second switching unit and connected with an engine rotation axis; a battery charging control circuit for charging the battery with an electromotive force of the motor generated from the rotation of the engine by means of the operation of the second switching unit, when the speed reducing signal is detected or the battery is in the charge mode; and a motor operation control circuit for operating the engine by rotating the motor by means of the operation of the first switching unit, when the engine is started or the speed is accelerated.

Description

Vehicle power supply

1 is a block diagram of a conventional vehicle power supply unit.

2 is a block diagram of a power supply unit of a vehicle according to the present invention.

3 is a block diagram of the control driver of FIG.

4 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of FIG.

5 is a block diagram of the overcharge / discharge prevention circuit of the present invention.

6 is an operating waveform diagram of the charging mode of FIG.

7 is a waveform diagram of the operation in the discharge mode of FIG.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a power supply device for a vehicle, and more particularly, to a power supply device for a vehicle that efficiently uses energy of a power source and accumulates engine power energy to be used as a power source.

The electric power supply of the vehicle depends on the battery mounted in the vehicle and it is required to use it efficiently.

Batteries are charged and discharged, and the kinetic energy generated by the engine is converted into electrical energy for charging as well as supplying power.

As shown in FIG. 1, a battery charging method generally provided at the side using the internally generated energy generates an electric signal by receiving engine power, and converts an AC signal generated by the generator into direct current. And a regulator 3 for supplying the converted DC voltage to the battery constantly. In this way, the electric power generated by the engine output is charged to the battery, and the charged battery operates various electric appliances of the vehicle.

When the starting motor (M) is started using the battery power supply by turning on the start switch (7), the engine can start operation. At this time, the current of the motor flows to a very large current of almost 500 mA, which affects the battery. It causes crazy and inefficient problems.

In addition, with the recent trend of increasing automobiles with electronic control systems, the amount of the load 5 has to be increased, and thus the efficiency of using battery energy should be further improved.

The present invention avoids the configuration of the power supply device of the vehicle as described above, and protects the start-up and current, and at the same time to store a part of the engine driving power to the battery via the switching means, when the car is decelerating while driving at high speed By using the kinetic energy of the vehicle to charge the battery or storage battery, to improve the deceleration performance, and to provide a vehicle power supply device to be utilized during the acceleration of the vehicle without wasting extra energy, an object of the present invention It is done.

The arrangement of the device according to the object of the present invention is the first and second switching means connected in series to the vehicle battery, the motor (M) connected in parallel to the second switching means and connected to the engine rotation shaft, the deceleration signal detection and battery charging mode A battery charge control circuit for driving the second switching means to charge the battery with the motor electromotive force generated by engine rotation, and a motor drive control for operating the engine by rotating the motor by driving the first switch means during startup and acceleration. It is characterized by consisting of a circuit.

In addition, according to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention, the first and second switching means connected in series to the vehicle battery, the motor (M) connected in parallel to the second switching means and connected to the engine rotation shaft, the deceleration signal detection and battery Battery charging control circuit for driving the second switching means in the charging mode to charge the motor electromotive force generated by the engine rotation to the battery, and to operate the engine by rotating the motor by the drive of the first switch means during start-up and acceleration Characterized in that the motor drive control circuit.

Next, the accompanying drawings will be described to explain the principles of the present invention.

As shown in the circuit diagram of FIG. 2 showing the configuration of the present invention, a single motor is used to perform functions as a means for generating engine power at start-up and power generation at battery charging. Doing.

The control unit 9 controls the switching of the two switching transistors 11, 12 so that the power of the battery 8 is supplied to the load or the motor through the switching element and from the motor by the operation of the switching element. The generated power is supplied to the battery.

Since the rotational direction of the engine is always constant in a vehicle, the motor current I _a is in the forward direction when the rotational torque is in the forward direction, so that the storage battery 8 when the control unit 9 leaves the first transistor 11 as the first switching means on. Power is supplied from the motor 10 to act as a starting motor at startup. Furthermore, the present invention utilizes the extra energy during acceleration.

On the other hand, when the control unit 9 turns on the second transistor 12 while the first transistor is turned off or during engine operation, the current direction is reversed to operate as a storage battery.

Therefore, the first transistor is turned on during acceleration and start-up, and the second transistor is operated during charging mode or deceleration to charge the storage battery.

3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the controller 9 for controlling the switching of the above-mentioned transistor.

As shown in the drawing, the control unit 9 is largely composed of a sensing unit, a command signal generating unit, an error control signal generating unit, and a driving signal generating unit. The sensing signals referred to for controlling are a deceleration signal, a battery voltage, a start signal, and an acceleration signal. . The sensing signal may be obtained by using a well-known sensor, and some signals of various sensors for an electronic control device may be used.

In the various symbols described below, the asterisk code (*) is a control target value or reference value, and the absence of '*' indicates actual variable.

The actual signal input from the sensing unit is applied to the command signal generator to generate a control command signal for proper control, and outputs a control command signal corresponding to each.

That is, the start command signal generating means 31 receives the deceleration signal to generate the first charge command signal I ₁ *, and the battery charge command generating means 32 detects the reference battery voltage V _BAR * and actually detects the deceleration signal. The second charging command signal I ₂ * is generated by receiving the output signal of the subtractor 5 that calculates a difference value from the battery voltage V _BAT , and the start command signal generating means 33 receives the start signal. The start command signal I ₃ * is generated, and the acceleration command signal generating means 34 senses the acceleration signal to generate the acceleration command signal I ₄ *. The start command signal and the acceleration command signal are selected from the selector 37 to generate a motor drive command signal I _b *, and the first and second charge command signals are added to the adder 6. The battery charge command signal I _a * is output as the input signal.

Then, the motor drive command signal I _b * output from the command signal generator generates an error signal compared to the actual motor drive signal I a, and also inverts the battery charge command signal I a *. The control signal is output from the error control signal generator that outputs an error signal comparing the driving signal I _a .

Subsequently, the error control signal generator outputs the latches 311 and 314, the driving circuits 312 and 315, and a final switching control signal with a square wave to the latch.

That is, since the first and second transistors are timely switched by various sensor signals and the control means of the present invention, the object of the present invention is achieved.

In more detail, when the actual battery voltage (V _BAT ) is smaller than the floating axis voltage or the reference voltage (V _BAT *) of the battery, the battery requires charging, and the control circuit switches the second transistor 12. Control to turn on. In this case, since the current of the motor should flow in the opposite direction, the battery composed of the proportional controller is proportional to the negative second charging command signal (I ₂ *) proportional to the difference between the reference battery voltage value and the actual battery voltage difference. The charging command generating means 32 generates the command signal. At this time, when there is a deceleration signal of the vehicle, the sacrifice torque value of the motor is determined by adding the first charge command signal to the second charge command signal and comparing it with the current motor drive signal value.

On the contrary, when receiving the start signal or the acceleration signal, the second transistor should be turned off and the first transistor should be turned on. In this case, the motor current is varied according to the motor driving command signal I _b *. When the RS latch 314 is first set by the square wave generation circuit 317 of the driving signal generator, the driving circuit operates the first transistor 11. It is turned on and thus V _BAT is induced from the motor and this voltage increases the motor current I _a .

Then, the motor current is input to the second comparator 39 of the error control signal generator of FIG. 4 until it is equal to the control signal I _a *, and when it is equal, the output of the comparator resets the RS latch 314. The current is controlled by causing the driving circuit to turn off the first transistor 11. Of course, at this time, the two switching transistors 11 and 12 need to be protected from being operated at the same time.

On the other hand, the electric motor used in the present invention is preferably a motor of another excitation type, and when the motor rotates at a high speed, the field amount of the electric field field is appropriately adjusted according to the speed.

In the apparatus of the present invention operated as described above, the over-current protection, which is the first object of the present invention, is achieved by the operation of a diode which connects an anode to the emitter of the switching transistor and a cathode to the collector. In addition, since the kinetic energy of the vehicle is used to charge the battery when decelerating while driving at high speed, it not only improves the deceleration performance but also contributes to the fuel economy of the vehicle.

The components of FIG. 3 can be realized by corresponding various circuits, and in an automobile of an electronic control system incorporating a recent microcomputer, the control signal generating means may be programmed based on a sensor signal.

Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the detailed circuit diagram of FIG. 4 as one preferred embodiment of FIG.

First, in order to decelerate when driving from the switch connected to the brake pedal, although not shown in the drawing, the deceleration signal is supplied to the control circuit 9 by operating the switch connected to the brake pedal by depressing the brake pedal. Since the deceleration signal drives the transistor TR ₃ through the resistor R ₄ as shown in FIG. 4, the deceleration signal generates the first charge command signal I ₁ * due to deceleration.

The 'A' signal output by the resistors (R ₁ ) and (R ₂ ) by detecting the battery voltage (V _BAT ) is Appears as V _BAT , this voltage and the reference voltage V _BAT * are amplified by the operational amplifier 41. This configuration and its function are to replace the subtractor 35 and battery charge command generation means 32 of FIG. Therefore, the output of the amplifier 41 outputs the second charge command signal I ₂ * through two consecutively connected diodes D ₁ and D ₂ . The first and second charge command signals I ₁ * and I ₂ * are added through the node point N, and then output _a battery charge command signal I _a *. The output battery charge command signal I _a * is connected to the negative input terminal of the first comparator 38 of the error control signal generator, and the inverted motor current (-I _a ) is a resistor for detecting the motor current. R _sig (+) and R _sig (-) signals, which are the voltages of the resistors, are output by an amplifier 42 connected to a negative input terminal and a positive input terminal, respectively. It is connected to the positive (+) input terminal and compared and applied to the first latch (311).

6 shows an operation waveform diagram related to the above operation. FIG. 6A illustrates an output waveform of the square wave generator 317. FIG. 6B illustrates a section in which the second transistor 12 is switched on and off according to the operation. The on and off operation intervals of the connected diodes are shown in FIG. When the transistor is turned on, the motor current increases while charging, and when fully charged, the output of the first comparator becomes zero to turn off the transistor, and thus the motor current decreases.

This is shown in Figure 6 (d), Figure 6 (e) shows the battery charging current.

The above description relates to a battery charging mode. Next, the battery discharge mode will be described. The battery discharge mode is performed at start-up or acceleration. The transistor TR ₁₁ is switched on by switching on the switching (not shown) by pressing the acceleration pedal, and then a resistor connected in series between the emitter and the ground of the transistor. (R ₉ ) and (R ₁₀ ) are switched on, followed by an acceleration command signal (I ₄ *) attenuated by resistors R ₉ and R ₁₀ connected in series between the emitter and ground of this transistor.

The transistor TR ₅ is turned on by the start signal, and a start command signal I ₃ * is generated at the resistor R ₁₁ connected to the emitter.

The start command signal and the acceleration command signal are added at the node point M to output the motor driving command signal I _b *, and this signal is again inverted input terminal of the second comparator 39 of the error control signal generator. Is applied to. At this time, the motor current I _a is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the second comparator 39 by an amplifier 43 connecting R _sig (-) and R _sig (+) to the respective inverting and non-inverting terminals. And compared to the I _b * signal, the output of which is coupled to the second latch 314. Accordingly, the first transistor 11 is controlled to be switched on and off so that the battery voltage is used at start-up or the excess energy is used at the time of acceleration.

7 shows an operation waveform diagram related to the operation. FIG. 7A illustrates an output waveform of the square wave generator 317. FIG. 7B illustrates a section in which the first transistor 11 is switched on and off according to the operation. The on / off operation period of the connected diode is shown in FIG. When the transistor is turned on, the motor current rises and discharges. After the discharge is completed, the output of the second comparator becomes zero to turn off the transistor to decrease the motor current. This appears as shown in FIG. 7 (d) and FIG. 7 (e) shows the battery discharge current.

4 shows an embodiment of the present invention additionally includes an overcharge / discharge prevention circuit for preventing the battery from being charged above 16V and also preventing the battery from being discharged below 11V. Same as FIG.

In order to prevent the excessive charging, as a reference voltage (V _rl) has an inverting input terminal receiving a fourth-degree battery voltage (V _BAT) of the comparator (51) 16 [V] × As compared to the voltage of the high or low and outputs a low level signal, the non-inversion of the comparator 52 in order to prevent over-discharging the input terminal has received a fourth-degree battery voltage (V _BAT) as a reference voltage (B _r2) 11 [ V] × Outputs a signal of high or low level compared to the voltage of.

In order to prevent over discharge, the acceleration signal output c of FIG. 4 is inputted together with the output of the comparator 52 to prevent the acceleration signal from operating when the output of the comparator 52 is high. When high, a high level signal is output and this signal disables the drive circuit 315 for operating the first switching means 11 inverted by the inverter 55. At this time, even when the start signal is input before the reference battery voltage, the driving circuit 315 is disabled by the OR gate 54.

And when the output of the inverter 55 is high and the output of the comparator 51 for preventing overcharge is also high, a driving circuit for operating the second switching means 12 by outputting a high level signal by the second AND gate 56. Disable 312.

The present invention is effective to use a battery power source without a generator, a regulator as in the prior art and further improves the operability according to various control elements.

The proportion of capacitor capacity is increasing and can be used in hybrid electric vehicles when the engine size is smaller.

In addition, there is an economical advantage because of the efficient conversion and use of energy.

Claims (11)

First and second switching means connected in series to an automobile battery, a motor connected in parallel to the second switching means and connected to an engine rotation shaft, a deceleration charge command signal generating means for receiving a deceleration detection signal and generating a charge command signal, and a battery The first error control signal is compared with a battery charging command signal generating means for generating a charging command signal by voltage detection, an adder for adding the generated command signal, a charging command signal output from the adder and an inverted motor driving signal. A comparator for generating a comparator, a latch for receiving the output of the comparator at a reset terminal and a square wave at a set terminal, a driving circuit for driving the second switching means according to the output of the latch, and driving of the first switching means at startup and acceleration. Power supply of the vehicle, characterized in that the motor drive control circuit for rotating the motor to operate the engine . The power supply apparatus of claim 1, wherein the battery charge command signal generating means comprises a proportional controller, and a signal input to the proportional controller is an error signal between a reference battery voltage and a current battery voltage. The power supply apparatus of claim 1, wherein the battery charge command signal generating means comprises an operational amplifier configured to input a battery voltage to an inverting terminal and receive a reference battery voltage to a non-inverting terminal. The power supply apparatus of a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the deceleration charge command signal generating means is composed of a PNP type transistor receiving a deceleration signal. First and second switching means connected in series to the vehicle battery, a motor connected in parallel to the second switching means and connected to the engine rotation shaft, and driving the second switching means in the deceleration signal detection and battery charging mode generated by engine rotation A battery charging control circuit which charges the motor electromotive force to the battery, a start command signal generating means for receiving a start signal and generating a start command signal, an acceleration command generating means for generating an acceleration command signal by detecting an acceleration signal, and A selector for selecting the generated command signal, a comparator for generating a second error control signal by comparing the command signal selected from the selector with the motor drive signal, a latch receiving the output of the comparator from the reset terminal and receiving a square wave from the set terminal; The driving circuit for driving the second switching means in accordance with the output of the latch Supply. 6. The power supply device for a vehicle according to claim 5, wherein said starting command signal generating means comprises a PNP type switching transistor. 6. The power supply device for a vehicle according to claim 5, wherein the acceleration command generating means comprises a PNP type switching transistor. A first and second switching means connected in series to an automobile battery, a motor M connected in parallel to the second switching means and connected to an engine rotation shaft, and driving the second switching means in a deceleration signal detection and battery charging mode. Battery charging control circuit for charging the motor electromotive force generated by the rotation to the battery, a motor drive control circuit for operating the engine by rotating the motor by the drive of the first switching means during startup and acceleration, and the battery voltage overcharge reference voltage And comparators 51 and 52 for comparing an excess and undervoltage reference voltages, a first AND gate receiving the acceleration signal and the output of the comparator 52, an OR gate receiving the start signal and the first AND gate, And an inverted output of the OR gate and a second AND gate receiving the output of the comparator 51, wherein the inverted output of the OR gate disables the first switching means driving circuit. Kigo, a second AND gate output is the power supply apparatus for a vehicle, characterized by consisting of a gwachung / discharging circuit crystallized disabling the switching means to the drive circuit of the second. First and second switching means connected in series to an automotive battery, a motor connected in parallel to the second switching means and connected to an engine rotation shaft, and the first and second devices in response to a deceleration signal, a battery voltage, a start signal, and an acceleration signal. And a controller configured to control switching of the switching means, wherein the controller includes a sensing unit for sensing the signal, a battery charge command signal according to the sensed signal, a command signal generator for generating a motor driving command signal, and the command signal. And an error control signal generator for outputting a secondary signal by comparing a and a motor current signal, respectively, and a drive signal generator for driving the first and second switching means from the output error control signal. Power supply. 10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the command signal generator comprises a deceleration signal and a start signal, a transistor which receives the acceleration signal, and is switched respectively, and differential amplification means for amplifying a difference signal between a detected battery voltage and a reference battery voltage. The amplifier output and the deceleration command signal generate a battery charge command signal at the node point (N), and the start command signal and the acceleration command signal generate a motor drive command signal at the node point (M). Device. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the comparator 51, 52, and the first AND gate for receiving the output of the comparator 52 and the comparators 51, 52 for comparing the battery voltage to the overcharge reference voltage and the under-voltage reference voltage, and a start signal And an OR gate receiving the first AND gate, an inverted output of the OR gate and a second AND gate receiving the output of the comparator 51, and the inverting output of the OR gate disables the first switching means driving circuit. And the second AND gate output further comprises an overcharge / discharge circuit for disabling the second switching means drive circuit.