KR960013451B1 - Three dimensional homologous surveying instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

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Description

Device for discriminating angle, position and direction in single step in three-dimensional space

1 is a perspective view of a measuring device of a one-dimensional space according to the present invention.

2 is an exploded perspective view of the measuring device of the one-dimensional space according to the present invention.

3 is a perspective view of the apparatus of the present invention.

4 is an exploded perspective view of the device of the present invention.

5 is a cross-sectional view of the device of the present invention.

6 is a perspective coordinate view of the device of the present invention.

7 is a plan view of the coordinate sketch of the apparatus of the present invention.

8 is an enlarged view of a horizontal point.

9 is an enlarged view of a vertical point.

10 is a view showing a hemispherical shape in which the horizontal point and the vertical point are enlarged.

Figure 11 shows the application of the apparatus of the present invention to two tapes.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1,7: Upper cover 1 ': Lower cover

2: gear 3: rolling wheel

4: hemispherical 5,5 ': sphere shell

11: Leviathan 12: Indication Needle

13 ', 14', 16 ', 54,54',: Support frame 14: Convex tip

16: Button 17: Rachel Wilil

18: counter 41: hypocrisy

42: primary 43: vertex

44 shaft sleeve 45 shaft

46,121: Weight, 52,52 ', 62,62', 173,441: Hole

53,53 ', 71: Grid line 123: Vertical point

124: vertical line 125: horizontal line

171: rotating spring 174: stop stand

431,541,541 ': Tip 442: Support lever

451,451 ': Pyramid shape

The present invention relates to an apparatus for determining the correct angle, position and direction in a single step in a multi-dimensional vertical and horizontal three-dimensional space.

Conventional measuring devices and precision instruments have to be leveled by attaching a device for leveling, because the measurement in the horizontal state or to be produced in the horizontal state.

Most of the above used a bubble tube (bubble tube) This method is because the sensitivity of the bubble in the bubble tube and the accuracy of the bubble movement is very low, the accuracy of the measurement is not high, even if the product manufactured by the same process there is mutual error There was a problem.

In addition, in general architectural engineering, a hose filled with water is used to measure the horizontal level. However, since the plastic hose is not uniform in thickness, there is a problem in that the measurement accuracy is low and an error occurs because of variations in the elevation of the water level.

In order to solve the above problems, the present inventors can measure the exact size of the object, can use the exact boundary and one-dimensional space for three different uses and at the same time can also be used for the display of the ink line to save time and accuracy An apparatus for determining position and direction in a single step in multi-angle vertical and horizontal three-dimensional spaces is provided.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, three different methods of use in one-dimensional space are indicated by the indicator needle 12 located on the upper cover 1, and the indicator needle 12 by gravity on the scale 122. A weight 121 which is not affected by the magnetic field is positioned at the opposite end of the pointer 12 to accurately point the vertical point 123, and extends the scale 122 to draw the vertical line 124 and the horizontal line 125. And a rectangular concave groove over the top cover 1 to install the counter 18, and a concave hole 131 for adjusting the counter 18 over the top cover 1.

There is also a convex tip 14 having a convex point 141, the convex point being parallel to the horizontal line 125 for ease of use, the lever 11 being inserted under the upper cover 1 to be held by hand. And a rectangular concave groove 15 in the upper cover 1 so as to control the rotation of the ratchet wheel 17 with the button 16, and the rotating spring 171 to rotate the rotor 172. Within this Rachel wheel 17, there are many small holes 173 in the rotor 172 to drive the counter 18, which can be stopped by the stop pedestal 174, and the Rachel wheel ( 17 is fitted with a fixed shaft 111 of the lower cover 1 ', one end 171 of the rotary spring 171 is fitted to the support hub 12', and the other end of the rotary spring 171 ( 172 is inserted into the ratchet wheel 17 to automatically retract the rachel wheel 17, and the rotor 172 is Between the teeth 21 of (2) and the concave grooves 31 of the rolling wheel 3 is pulled outwards and then the resistance can be minimized and the length can be automatically indicated, the two supporting frames (13 ') 14' is fixed to the counter 18 so that the rolling wheel 3 is fitted in the support lever 15 ', the gear 2 is fitted in the support lever 15', The upper and lower covers are integrally formed and the rotor 172 can be pulled out from the horizontal line 125, and the rotating spring 171 is used to retract the shorter rotor, and the hand if the rotor is too long It is good to put it back.

The rotor can be replaced by a food line for drawing a line with the ink, and can also be used for various purposes by making the ink bottle.

To ensure the accuracy of the keg, the structures shown in FIG. 11 are respectively provided at both ends of the feed line, and high accuracy can be obtained by keeping the ink lines at both ends with a horizontal line.

3 to 5 show a three-dimensional method of use and a single-step discrimination apparatus for a device made of the hemispherical body 4 of the present invention, wherein the hypocrisy 41 and the meridian 42 are hemispherical body 4. ), On the apex 43 of the hemispherical body 4, there is one tip 431, the tip 431 is the reference point of the scale, the hemispherical body 4 forms a hollow rhombohedron , The shaft sleeve 44 is carried through the center of the circle at the bottom, the shaft sleeve 44 has a hole 441 and the shaft 45 can pass through, the shaft 45 Both ends of the pyramid-shaped portions 451 and 451 ', and the pyramid-shaped portions 451 and 451' are fitted into the concave portions 51 and 51 'of the concrete shell 5, respectively, and the shaft 45 ), Make sure that it passes through the center of the sphere shell (5), and then insert another sphere shell (5 ') and stick to the other side of the sphere shell (5) To form a sphere.

The lower the resistance is, the higher the sensitivity is in the place where the paramid-shaped portions 451 and 451 'contact with the concave portions 51 and 51'.

A support lever 442 is provided at the center position of the shaft sleeve 44, and the support lever 442 can be inserted into the hole 461 of the weight 46 and can be inserted or screwed in. Any method can be used.

Grids 53 and 53 'are marked on the entire surface of the two thick shells, and holes 52 and 52' are formed on the surfaces thereof, and the spherical holes are necessarily concave with the concave portions 51 and 51 '. The support frame 54 (54) is fixed so as to pass through the center of the concrete shell (5) (5 ') and to secure the tip (541) 541' of the support frame (54) (54 '). ') Is in the shape of a ♀ and the hemispherical body 4 is inserted because the lower portions 542 and 542' of the support frames 54 and 54 are inserted into the holes 62 and 62 'of the base plate 6. It can be tilted at any angle of 360 °.

The base plate 6 has a rounded concave portion 61 to allow the spherical shell 5 to rotate, and an extension line 64 of various angles is provided on the base plate 6 for convenient drawing and surveying. It is supposed to be.

The smaller the resistance, the higher the sensitivity where the holes 52, 52 'and the tip 541, 541' contact.

A scale line 71 is also present on the surface of the outer shell 6 of the apparatus of the present invention, and the scale lines of the scale line 71 are respectively the scale line 953 on the spherical shell 5 and the hypocrisy line 41 of the hemispherical body 4. ) And the corrugated wire 42, the weight 446 is tilted by gravity when the outer shell 7 is fixed on the base plate 6 so that it is possible to search whether the workpiece is inclined. Or you can draw a standard horizontal or vertical line.

The support plate 6 is fixed to the half plane of the concrete surface, but this can also be applied to a special use such as an airplane because it can be represented as an arbitrary angle of 360 ° as a spherical body if necessary.

As shown in FIG. 6, the balance line of the support frames 54 and 54 'is set as the Z axis, the support lever 442 at the top of the weight 46 is set as the Y axis, and the axis is set as the X axis. By moving the base plate until you get to the right position, you can get the exact angle.

The surface of the hemispherical shape 4 in the three-dimensional scale is divided into full angles by the gastric line 41 and the meridian 42, and the surface of the spherical shell 5 and the hemispherical outer shell 7 are divided into full angles to form a grid line. The stomach line 41 and the meridian 42 of the hemispherical body 4 are combined with the graduation lines 53 on the spherical shell 5 to read an inclination angle over 360 degrees left and right, and the spherical shell ( 5) The grid 53 on the outer shell 7 is combined with the grid on the outer shell 7 to read the inclination angle over 360 ° in the other direction.

As shown in Figs. 7-10, the male line is perpendicular to the indicating needle, and is rotated 360 degrees horizontally with the indicating needle as a fixed axis to form a horizontal line.

In other words, a horizontal plane is formed so that a horizontal point is connected to this horizontal plane, and all lines connected in parallel with this plane are horizontal reference lines.

The vertical line forms a single floating area with the horizontal plane by using the indicating needle, and fixes the horizontal plane to rotate the fan-shaped area formed by the vertical indicating needle and the horizontal plane to form a hemispherical body.

This hemispherical body extends the horizontal point and the vertical point.

The surface of the hemispherical body 4 is divided into 360 ° and is made of a meridians and a stomach line, and the horizontal, vertical and outer circumferential angle lines are scaled.

A shaft rod 45 is fixed to the hemispherical body 4, and the action of the shaft rod 45 fixes the hemispherical body 4 to the center of the spherical shell 5 and the hemispherical body 4 to the left and right 360 degrees. By rotating, the surface 360 ° of the spherical shell 5 is marked with a scale, and the angle generated in the left and right directions is determined.

Both ends of the horizontal center line of the surface of the concrete shell 5 support the entire weight of the concrete shell 5 with the support frames 54 and 54 ', and rotate the concrete shell 5 to the front and rear 360 degrees and support frame 54. (54 ') is fixed to the base plate (6) and inserts the sphere shell (5) in the base plate to allow the space to move, the surface is divided by 360 ° to form the scale of the hypocrisy and the meridians and the sphere shell is moved back and forth It is possible to determine the angle before and after.

The scale formed in the device of the present invention is used for the operation of the vertical line in the longitudinal, the 360 ° circumference is divided by the scale can be the intersection point of the meridian and the hypocrisy and it is to determine the horizontal and vertical state from each angle It is possible.

Reading method according to the present invention is determined by the combination of the meridians of the hemispherical body, the hypocrisy line and the spherical shell of 360 ° and the meridians of the outer shell of the hemispherical body, the hypocrisy, the scale between the three sides corresponding to each other as a whole If the corresponding positions of the three are coincident, the horizontal and vertical angular changes in the scale of two points on any angle of the outer circumference can be known in a single horizontal and vertical step.

Preferred specific implementations of the invention are as follows:

1) When the present invention is applied to a straight line, a square, or any other character, it is possible to draw a horizontal line, a vertical line, or an inclined line which is a standard without being skewed on the same person as a whole.

2) It is possible to draw horizontal, vertical, angles and figures that are standard even when applied to rounded corners.

3) When operating in the three-dimensional coordinates of the present invention it is possible to change the manufacturing work, building construction, building, interior decoration.

For example, door frames, buildings, dams, etc. can immediately determine the slope of the space, its standard and the changes that have occurred.

4) The present invention is applicable to precision equipment or manufacturing equipment, and can accurately determine whether the equipment is in a horizontal state.

5) When the present invention is combined with the compass, it can be used as a guide angle for reference operations of flying objects, ships, submersibles, laser optics, and the like.

6) It is possible to make the standard baseline by combining the present invention with a feeding container and it can be used very conveniently for civil construction.

7) In the present invention, the vertical plane can be used as the longitude plane, the horizontal plane can be used as the latitude plane, and the 360 degree is divided into scales, and the intersection point of longitude and latitude becomes the discrimination point, and the horizontal and vertical states are determined in a single step on each angle. It is possible to do

The base plate 7 of the present invention may be integrally combined with a transparent sphere or dish or outer shell as necessary to facilitate the determination of a single step in a three-dimensional space.

When the above-mentioned horizontal reference line of the present invention, the vertical reference line and the intersection of the longitudinal longitude and the horizontal latitude are in the horizontal and vertical states, the center reference determines the intersection point of its outer circumference in a single step.

Claims (21)

Hemispherical shape with hypocrisy and meridian on the surface, one triangular tip at the apex, as a guideline of scale indication, and a shaft sleeve, a support lever at the circumferential position in the shaft sleeve, and one weight Two spherical shells with concave portions at the proper position through the upper body and the inner center, with grid lines on the surface, and a hole inserted through the center of the proper position to insert the leading end of the support frame at the top. It consists of a base plate with scales, an outer shell that can be adjusted by hand, an angle scale extension line at the top, a hole for fixing the support frame, and a base plate for inserting the outer shell, and an angle forming a three-dimensional space, In a multi-dimensional vertical and horizontal three-dimensional space characterized by forming a reference line, such as a horizontal line, a vertical line Device for determining the angle, position and direction, such as a step. The device according to claim 1, wherein a weight that is not affected by the magnetic field is installed at the bottom of the support lever of the hemispherical body, and it is directed to the horizontal line and the vertical line or the angle line exactly by gravity. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the hemispherical body has a plurality of meridians and stomach lines, and a triangular convex portion is provided on the top to form a reference line. 2. The device of claim 1, wherein the holes on the shaft sleeves of the hemispherical body are engaged with the shaft rods, and the resistance between the pyramidal portions at both ends of the shaft rods and the concave portions of the spherical shells is minimized and the sensitivity is improved. 2. The device of claim 1, wherein a hole is formed above and below the surface of the sphere shell and is coupled to the leading end of the support frame to minimize the resistance of the engagement position and to enhance the sensitivity of the instruction. The device of claim 1, wherein the base plate is made of a transparent sphere and is adapted to represent any three-dimensional space at a 360 ° angle. According to claim 1, it can be installed on any measurement instrument, such as a rotor, each measurement drafting device, etc., it is possible to draw a line on a horizontal line by installing one one-dimensional space measuring device on each side. Device. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus is used in combination with a measuring device, ruler, rotor, square ruler, drawing table, or the like to become a horizontal reference line or a vertical reference line of a precision measuring device. The device of claim 1, wherein the device is used in combination with a compass to measure a position and a direction in a three-dimensional space such as a flying object, a ship, a submarine, a laser device, or a radar. The device according to claim 1, wherein the hemispherical body is also provided with an indication needle as a reference of horizontal and vertical lines. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the base plate and the outer shell are made of a transparent object. 12. The hemispherical body, the spherical shell, and the outer shell are perpendicular to the indicator needle, and when the indicator needle rotates 360 °, the horizontal indicator needle after rotation forms one horizontal plane, and all subsequent parts of the horizontal plane. The horizontal line corresponding to the parallel line and the vertical needle parallel to the horizontal plane and vertically perpendicular to the horizontal plane includes a vertical line, which is all the lines parallel to the vertical direction needle in the vertical area, the sector area is fixed to the horizontal plane The vertical indicator needle is rotated with this sector to form a hemispherical body, and the surface on the hemispherical body is divided by 360 ° to form a meridion and a hypocrisy, and the horizontal, vertical and outer circumferential angles are measured. Device. The method according to claim 12, wherein one shaft is fixed on the hemispherical body, and by the action of the shaft, the hemispherical body is fixed in the center of the sphere shell, and the hemispherical body is rotated 360 degrees to the left and right, and the surface of the sphere shell is 360 °. A device, characterized in that for reading the angle generated in the left and right directions by displaying all in a scale. The method according to claim 1 or claim 12, wherein both ends of the horizontal centerline of the spherical shell are supported by a support frame to support a concrete whole, and one support frame is fixed on the base plate body and one hemispherical outer shell on the base plate body. Fixing and dividing the surface by 360 ° to make a priority and meridians and to move back and forth the concrete shell, characterized in that it is possible to determine the angle of the front and rear direction. The method of claim 1 or 12, wherein the horizontal plane is used as the latitude plane, and the circumference is divided into 360 ^° scales, so that the horizontal and vertical states can be determined from each angle by using the intersection of the meridian and the hypocrisy line as the reading point. Device. The method according to claim 1 or 12, wherein a 360 degree scale on the hemispherical body, a hypocrisy line and a spherical shell is read in combination with a meridion line of the outer shell, and a hypocritical line, and the scales of the triad have corresponding positions. When the corresponding positions of the three match, the horizontal or vertical state can be known by the scale of the two points of the arbitrary angle of the outer periphery, the device characterized in that the angle can be read by the scale of the outer shell. 13. A device according to claim 1 or 12, wherein the hypocrisy line is used as a reference to the horizontal line so that it is parallel to the horizontal of the latitude on the sphere of the latitude plane. 13. An apparatus according to claim 1 or 12, wherein a meridion is used as a reference for a vertical line to be perpendicular to the hardness of the sphere of the hardness plane and to be parallel to the vertical line. The device according to claim 1 or 12, wherein the display of the angle is an angle representing an intersection of vertical longitude and horizontal latitude. 13. The apparatus according to claim 1 or 12, wherein when the horizontal line and the vertical line are horizontal and vertical in the inner and outer surfaces of the sphere, the center reference is a discrimination point which is the intersection point between the horizontal line and the outer line of the vertical line and the angle line. 13. The apparatus according to claim 1 or 12, wherein the gastric and superficial lines on the hemispherical body can be made on the outer shell or the spherical shell, and the scales on the outer shell or the spherical shell can be made on the hemispherical body.

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