KR950003423A - Purification method and apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a refining apparatus for hydrotreating petroleum powder, and in particular, a purification method comprising distilling crude oil to separate the residue and distillate and hydrotreating the distillate at once in a single hydroprocessing unit. And a purifier. Compared with the conventional one where the crude oil is distilled into several powders and the hydrogenation treatment is carried out on each powder separately, the present invention simplifies the refining apparatus and the equipment is simple and the amount of waste is reduced even with a small scale refining apparatus.

Description

Purification method and apparatus

Since this is an open matter, no full text was included.

1 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a purification apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a view showing a first embodiment of a hydroprocessing unit suitable for the purification apparatus according to the present invention.

Claims (21)

Crude oil is separated into residues and distillates by atmospheric distillation, and the distillate all at once in a single hydroprocessing unit. The purification method according to claim 1, wherein the product obtained by the hydroprocessing is distilled into powders of gas oil, kerosene, heavy naphtha, light naphtha, LPG and light gases. According to claim 2, wherein the heavy naphtha powder is supplied to the catalytic reforming unit to be converted into a high octane reformate, hydrogen gas having a purity of 75% or more regenerated in the catalytic reforming unit to the hydroprocessing unit Purification method characterized in that the supply. The purifying method according to claim 1, wherein the atmospheric residue is fed to a vacuum distillation unit so as to distill to obtain a vacuum gas oil, and the vacuum gas oil is hydrogenated in the hydroprocessing unit together with the atmospheric distillate. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the hydroprocessing unit is selected from any one of a vapor / liquid countercurrent reactor, a vapor / liquid countercurrent reactor, and a vapor / liquid countercurrent reactor. . 6. The method of claim 5, wherein each of the vapor / liquid upstream reactor and the vapor / liquid upstream reactor comprises a vapor / liquid separator to separate vapor / liquid at an intermediate point of the reactor. The purification method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a part of the product obtained by the hydroprocessing is recovered to the reactor inlet of the hydroprocessing unit. 8. The hydrogenation process according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the conditions for the hydroprocessing are at a pressure in the range of 20 to 80 kg / cm 2 G, a temperature in the range of 300 to 400 ° C, and a H ₂ / Oil ratio in the range of 50 to 200 N1 / 1. Purification method, characterized in that defined by LHSV in the range of 0.1 ~ 5hr ^-2 . 8. The hydrogenation process according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the conditions for the hydroprocessing are at a pressure in the range of 30 to 70 kg / cm 2 G, a temperature in the range of 320 to 380 ° C, and a H ₂ / Oil ratio in the range of 70 to 150 N1 / 1. Purification method, characterized in that defined as LHSV in the range of 1 ~ 4 ^-1 . The distillate and hydrogen are introduced into the top of a vapor / liquid flow downflow reactor filled with a hydrotreating catalyst to hydrotreat the distillate, and discharged from the bottom of the reactor to separate into vapor phase and liquid phase. The effluent is introduced into a vapor / liquid separator, the vapor phase is purified to the reactor, while the liquid phase is distilled to obtain the product oil and a portion of the liquid phase is recovered to the reactor. 2. The vapor / liquid cocurrent top-down reactor of claim 1, wherein the hydroprocessing unit comprises a hydroprocessing catalyst bed divided into at least two stages of an upper catalyst bed and a lower catalyst bed, wherein the distillate hydrogenates the distillate with hydrogen. Supplied to the top of the reactor for processing, and the effluent flows out from the bottom of the upper catalyst bed to be sent to a vapor / liquid separator, separated into vapor and liquid phases in the vapor / liquid separator, A purifying process, wherein one phase is subsequently hydrotreated by passing through the lower catalyst bed. The vapor / liquid cocurrent bottom-up reactor of claim 1, wherein the hydrotreatment unit comprises a hydroprocessing catalyst bed divided into at least two stages of an upper catalyst bed and a lower catalyst bed, wherein the distillate hydrogenates the distillate with hydrogen. Supplied to the bottom of the reactor for treatment, the effluent flows from the top of the lower catalyst bed to be sent to a vapor / liquid separator and is separated into vapor and liquid phases in the vapor / liquid separator, and the vapor phase is subsequently hydrotreated Purification method, characterized in that supplied to the bottom of the upper catalyst bed. 2. The vapor / liquid countercurrent reactor of claim 1, wherein the hydrotreatment unit comprises a hydroprocessing catalyst bed divided into at least two stages of an upper catalyst bed and a lower catalyst bed, wherein the distillate exits a vapor phase from the top of the reactor. Water is supplied to an intermediate point between the upper catalyst bed and the lower catalyst bed which is hydrotreated by hydrogen supplied from the bottom of the reactor to obtain a liquid effluent from the bottom of the reactor. . The vapor / liquid coflow top-down reactor of claim 1, wherein the hydroprocessing unit comprises a hydroprocessing catalyst bed divided into at least two stages of an upper catalyst bed and a lower catalyst bed, wherein Together with a vapor / liquid separator, the vapor phase is fed to the top of the reactor, while the liquid phase is introduced at the midpoint of the upper catalyst bed and the lower catalyst bed for hydroprocessing, and the effluent is introduced into the reactor. Purification from the bottom of the upper catalyst bed to be discharged from the bottom of the top to be sent to the separator. A distillation process for distilling crude oil into residues and distillates, and a hydroprocessing unit for hydroprocessing the distillate separated in the atmospheric distillation unit at a time. 16. The purification apparatus according to claim 15, wherein a fractionation unit is provided for distilling the product obtained by the hydroprocessing in the hydroprocessing unit into powders of gas oil, equal flow, heavy naphtha, LPG and light gases. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the purification apparatus comprises a catalyst reforming unit for converting the heavy naphtha powder to a high octane reformer, and a hydrogen gas supply line for supplying hydrogen gas regenerated in the catalyst reforming unit to the hydroprocessing unit. Refining apparatus. The purifying method according to claim 15, wherein the refining apparatus comprises a vacuum distillation unit for distilling atmospheric residues to obtain vacuum gas oil, and a vacuum gas oil supply line for supplying the vacuum gas oil to the hydroprocessing unit. . 19. The refining apparatus according to any one of claims 15 to 18, wherein the hydroprocessing unit is selected from one of a steam / liquid countercurrent reactor, a vapor / liquid countercurrent reactor, and a vapor / liquid countercurrent reactor. 20. The purification of claim 19, further comprising a vapor / liquid separator for separating vapor / liquid at an intermediate point of the one of said vapor / liquid upflow reactor and said vapor / liquid upflow reactor. Device. 21. The purification method according to claim 15, wherein the purification apparatus includes a production oil recovery line for recovering a part of the product obtained in the hydroprocessing unit to a reactor inlet of the hydroprocessing unit. ※ Note: The disclosure is based on the initial application.