KR950001628B1 - Apparatus and method for cultivating hydroponics - Google Patents

Abstract

The device for aqua-cultures consists of (1) setting the underground water pipe (13) which keeps soil temperature at 15-30 deg.C during summer and winter and the drainages (14) at the interval on the bottom of the housing (11) which is made of heat insulatiing material, (2) filling one of sand, pebbles, rice brans, charcoal, perlite or rock wool as artificial soils to the top of (11),(3) raising the planting pots (19) at the top of the soil and irrigating the nutritional solutions through the lines (16,17), (4) covering the other part of the top of (11) with foamed plastics for heat screening. This system prevents the roots of plant from heat or cold harms.

Description

Nutrient Solution Cultivation Method and Apparatus

1 is a perspective view of a conventional rock wool nutrient solution background.

Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view of the nutrient solution cultivation device of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the nutrient solution cultivation device of the present invention.

4 is a plan view of the bed bath of the present invention.

5 is a side view of the bed bath of the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

11; Bedzo 12: pipe groove

13: pipe 14: drain

15: Carver 16: watering pipe

17: irrigation crown 20: slave

The present invention relates to a nutrient cultivation method and an apparatus thereof.

Nutrient cultivation method, also known as hydroponic cultivation, is a scientific farming technique that grows crops with culture medium containing all the nutrients needed for plant growth without using soil. Advanced farming method that can be installed and grown anywhere without any concern for soil such as agronomic wasteland, cold land, desert, etc., which can prevent crop damage and pests, and produce pollution-free foods without pesticide clean cultivation. This can be called. However, despite these many advantages, the nutrient solution cultivation method is a new agricultural technology that requires a high level of management skills. It requires many facilities for the first time, and it is difficult to control nutrient solution, concentration, acidity, etc. Careful attention should also be given to the oxygen supply and temperature control of the site.

Recently, nutrient solution cultivation method has been shifted from hydroponic and spray glasses to solid bed diameter to eliminate these disadvantages. Hydroponic and spray glasses are used to extend the roots in the bed space in three dimensions. While it is intended to be directly influenced by the environment, solid bad mirrors can be made of concrete or plastic to form molds and panels, and the roots of gravel, sand, hultan (carbon carbide), perrate, and rock wool can stick on them. It is a bed nutrient cultivation device that supports the roots by installing a solid bed, improves breathability, and blocks the humidity to equalize the buffering capacity.

The most common of such a conventional solid bed is a rock wool bed, referring to the conventional rock wool nutrient solution background with reference to Figure 1, the structure is a seeding mat (1), rock wool pot (2), rock wool slab (3) ), A plastic pack (4), a watering pipe (5), a drip pipe (6), a sheet panel (7) bar seedling (1) seeded in the seedling mat raised in the rock wool pot (2) It is a system that feeds fertilizer nutrient solution containing trace elements by drip irrigation method or liquid circulation method. At this time, the rock wool used may be manufactured in fibrous form using tantalum dregs or mixed with natural basalt powder and coke to be dissolved at high temperature (1,500 ~ 1,600 ℃) to make a fibrous form. Thus prepared rock wool has good moisture retention and porosity and excellent air permeability, so oxygen supply is good and water is diffused well so that it can maintain uniform moisture with drip fruit, and it is not deteriorated and bacteria are difficult to penetrate and effectively prevent contamination. . However, although the wool wool, as mentioned above, is an ideal nutrient cultivation facility, its price is high, and even though it is a greenhouse cultivation, the temperature difference is too hot in summer like above 30 ℃ or winter below -10 ℃ like Korea. In the provinces, the growth of crops depends on temperature, so roots are exposed to high temperatures (30 ~ 38 ℃) or low temperatures (0 ~ 10 ℃), which are fatal to plant growth. In rural areas, you can plant once and harvest 8 crops a year). As a way to overcome this, it is possible to install cooling and heating facilities, but this is a method that cannot be put to practical use because the installation cost or management costs are high.

In the present invention, by eliminating the disadvantages of the conventional nutrient cultivation technology as described above, it is possible to work throughout the year to open a nutrient cultivation method that can contribute to agricultural modernization and high income of farmers to complete the present invention.

The present invention is a box-shaped bed tank (top) is opened with a single-piece material such as styropol or gypsum board and the upper part is covered with an insulation cover to block heat exchange with the outside and then rock wool, sand, gravel or chaff in it. To make a slab by using, such as huntan and by laying a plastic pipe under the slab to circulate the groundwater to maintain a constant temperature of the plant roots to protect the roots from heat or cold damage. The growth of crops is usually important at the ground's air temperature, but geothermal plays a major role in keeping plants dry and obtaining high yields. Groundwater conduit of the present invention can be obtained in the summer by installing water depths of about 15 ~ 16 ℃ in the summer under the known hydraulic method, and 20 ~ 30 ℃ ground water at 200 meters deep in winter.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a typical form of the above-mentioned liquid lacquer nutrient solution background, and FIGS. 2 to 5 are nutrient solution cultivation apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. Figures 5 and 5 are plan and side views of the device of the present invention. Referring to Figures 2 to 3, when explaining the nutrient solution cultivation apparatus of the present invention, both the wall and the bottom temperature known heat sink material and the upper portion is open, the groundwater pipe for flowing ground water to the bottom (13) Bed tank 11 to adjust the temperature, the bottom of the bed 11 is inclined toward the center from both walls and the pipe grooves 12 in the center to fix the groundwater pipe 13 The pipe groove 12 is configured to play a role of drainage and vent holes in the pipe groove 12 at a predetermined interval, the wall and floor of the bed tank 11 is FRP or rustproof The outer surface is made by using the treated metal plate, and foamed plastic such as styropol or urethane foam or polyethylene foam is insulated by 1 ~ 2cm thickness or 3 ~ 4cm thick It can also be written to create by compression molding in the material layer. In addition, as the slab material of the artificial earth used as a solid bad mirror, sand, gravel, huntan, chaff, perrate, rock wool, etc. may be used. The end part 21 of the bed tank 11 is made of the same material as the container, and when viewed from the side, the end part 21 is shaped like a ＂ㄱ＂ shape and the height and length of the upper and lower sides are the same, so that when used upside down, it is like the front end or the rear end. It is available.

In the present invention, in order to block the warmth (summer) or cold air (winter) transmitted from the outside of the bed tank 11, the cover of the top of the bed bath coated with aluminum foil or foamed with black or milky white vinyl ( 15) The bottom of the bed (11) is built from both walls to the center, and at the end of the bed, the drain hole is drilled at regular intervals to allow excess water to be discharged as well as to allow aeration to be easily supplied to the roots. The grooves 12 were made to allow the 13 to be placed to facilitate the installation of the pipes. The bed tank 11 was standardized to a height of 20 cm, a width of 30 to 45 cm, a length of 1 m to 3 m, and to be connected to each other as needed.

Fertilizer nutrient solution is supplied in a drip irrigation method or a liquid circulation method through the irrigation pipe 16 and the irrigation pipe 17 installed on the side of the bed tank 11, and the supply amount is controlled by a flow meter valve (not shown). The seedlings germinated at (18) and raised at the pot (19) are cultivated in a pot (19) in the slab (20). At this time, seedlings raised using soil cannot be used, and once used, the slabs should be changed during the next cultivation. The groundwater pipe 13 may use plastic pipe or iron plate pipe, and groundwater circulates cold water of 15 to 20 ° C. pumped at a depth of about 100 m in winter, and 20 to 30 ° C., raised at 200 m. The hot water is circulated to maintain the temperature at the root of about 20 ℃. Pipes can be installed in two or three rows to increase the heating and cooling effect. The device of the present invention is expensive for the first time, but once installed, it can be used semi-permanently. Above all, heating and cooling costs can be reduced by more than 50% compared to ordinary greenhouses, and the same crops can be planted once and harvested 6 to 8 times a year. Expect

Claims (5)

Both walls and floor are made of known insulating material and the upper part is open type, and the bottom of the bed tank (1) and the bed tank (11) to control the temperature by the ground water pipe 13 for flowing ground water Water pipes 16 and water pipes 17 are installed on one wall to supply nutrient solution through the rain, and the upper part of the bed tank 11 covers the heat shield cover 15 made of foamed plastic sheet. Nutrient cultivation device 10 is configured to block the warm or cold air delivered from the outside. The bottom of the bed tank 11 is inclined toward the center from both walls, and the pipe groove 12 is formed in the center to fix the groundwater pipe 13, the pipe The nutrient solution cultivation device, characterized in that the groove (12) is formed to play a role of drainage and aeration hole through the drain hole 14 at a predetermined interval. Both walls and floor are made of well-known insulation material and the upper part is open type, and the bottom is filled with artificial soil in the bed tank 11 installed with the groundwater pipe 13 for flowing ground water, and on top of it is made of foamed plastic sheet. Covering the heat shield cover 15 to block heat transfer from the outside, seedling mat 18 germinated and raised in the port 19 is laid on the slab 20 made of artificial soil, then on the side of the bed The fertilizer nutrient solution is supplied through the installed irrigation pipe 16 and the irrigation pipe 17, while the ground water pipe 13 circulates cold water at 15-20 ° C. in summer and hot water at 20 ° -30 ° C. in winter. By maintaining the root temperature at a constant temperature, plant roots can be planted once a year without growing heat or cold in midsummer or midwinter so that it can be grown throughout the year. . According to claim 3, The bottom of the bed 11 is inclined toward the center on both walls, the center of the pipe groove 12 there is to fix the groundwater pipe 13, the pipe Groove (12) nutrient solution cultivation method characterized in that the drain hole 14 is formed at a predetermined interval to serve as drainage and vent holes. The method of claim 3 or 4, wherein the artificial soil is nutrient solution cultivation, characterized in that using one component selected from sand, gravel, rice husk, hultan, perrate, rock wool.