KR940000835B1 - Apparatus for following sun-light - Google Patents

Abstract

The apparatus provides the best efficiency and an automatic adjustment for a wide range of sun's orbit. The apparatus involves a sunlight detector (A) for controlling a 1st step vertical axis, a comparison control circuit which compares and controls a photo electromotive force, tracks a sun, and outputs a rotation force, a speed reducer (14), a position detecting sensors (5,6), photo sensors (7,8,9,10) for correcting of vertical and horizontal errors, a 2nd sunlight detector (B), a comparison control circuit, and a driving circuit which controls an approximation position adjusting step and an error correction step.

Description

Solar tracker

1 is a perspective view of a solar tracking device.

2 is a side view of the solar tracking device.

3 is a perspective view of the solar detector B.

4 is a front view of the solar detector B.

5 is a cross-sectional view of the solar detector B.

6 is a solar detector A.

7 shows the direction of incident light and photodetector A. FIG.

8 is a block diagram of a solar tracking device.

9 is a photovoltaic change of the sensors 1 and 2 at standstill according to feedback control of the solar tracking device.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

A: Solar Detector A B: Solar Detector B

1,2,3,4: 1st stage position adjusting sensor 5,6: Position detecting sensor

7,8,9,10: 2-step error correction sensor 11: Reflective surface

12: horizontal axis control motor 13: vertical axis control motor

14 power transmission mechanism 15 light shield plate

16: sensor attachment part 17: light sensor

18: disturbance light shield

The present invention relates to a solar tracking device for a solar system and a solar light system.

The control mechanism of the conventional solar tracking device is largely classified into a clock device, a computer, and a servo device using a sensor. The solar tracking device using a computer stores tracks and calculates and tracks them every time. The servo mechanisms using sensors are controlled by photovoltaic power of an optical sensor by sunlight. There is also a tracking device that combines a watch and a sensor.

The tracking mechanism that combines the clock device is the oldest and requires mechanical devices such as hunger and clutch, and has the disadvantage of manually correcting the error of the change in the sun sunrise time or the seasonal change of the sun orbit.

The method using a computer cannot avoid an increase in manufacturing cost including an additional device, and the servo mechanisms using the sensor are unstable in operation due to irregular weather such as clouds due to the characteristics of the sensor.

In addition, such tracking devices require optical devices such as boxes or lenses with slit holes, and in particular, tracking devices in combination with sensors and clock devices require complicated auxiliary devices for connecting sensors and clock devices.

As a result of the study to solve the above problems, the present invention has no aids such as a clock or a computer, is not affected by bad weather, and automatically adjusts the sun's orbit during the sunshine to use most of the sunshine. We have developed a solar tracking device that is capable of this, and can accurately track sunlight and use it with the highest efficiency.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

8 is a block diagram of a solar tracking device of the present invention.

In the vertical axis control, the incident light is received by the optical sensors 1,2 (1,2) disposed in the photodetector A (A), the photovoltaic powers of the optical sensors 1, 2 are compared in the comparison circuit, and the amplification circuit It amplifies the difference, and determines the rotational direction and the rotational speed of the vertical axis in the drive circuit to move the drive to the left and right. In the horizontal axis control, the incident light reflected by the optical sensors 3, 4 (3, 4) disposed in front of the solar detector B (B) is received, and the photovoltaic powers of the optical sensors 3, 4 are compared in the horizontal axis control comparison circuit. The amplification circuit amplifies the difference in photovoltaic force, and in the driving circuit determines the rotation direction and the rotation speed of the horizontal axis and moves the driving unit up and down.

In this way, after the first stage of control, the photoelectric force generated by receiving the sunlight reflected from the reflecting surface as the position detecting sensor 5 (5) disposed in front of the photodetector B (B) and the reflecting surface 11 The photoelectric force for the directly incident sunlight received by the optical sensor 6 disposed above (6) is amplified in the position detector and sent to the converter. The converter switches the outputs of the optical sensors 1 and 2 to the outputs of the optical sensors 7, 8 (7 and 8) for the vertical axis control, and the outputs of the optical sensors 3 and 4 (3 and 4) to the optical sensor 9 for the horizontal axis control. And (10, 9, 10), and input to each of the vertical axis control comparison circuit and the horizontal axis control comparison circuit. The input signal is moved up, down, left and right through the amplifying circuit and the driving circuit, and moves in accordance with the direction of the sunlight reflected from the reflective surface to control the reflected light to be reflected at a constant position.

As described above, the photodetector A (A), which is designed for a wide range of control, is installed to adjust the position of the first stage, and the next stage as the position detection sensors 5 and 6 for detecting the completion of the first stage position adjustment. Switch to to correct the error with the error correction sensor (7, 8, 9, 10) of two stages.

When adjusting the position of the first stage, two sensors each installed for horizontal and vertical axis control output different photovoltaic powers when the sun and the solar detector A do not coincide with each other when detecting the position of the sun.

Different photovoltaic differences of the two sensors are detected by the comparison circuit, amplified by the driving circuit, and the photodetector A is moved to match the position of the sun.

The photodetector A moves automatically left and right until the position once adjusted is detected by the position detection sensor 5. At this time, the error detection sensors (7, 8.9, 10) do not operate unless the position detection sensor (5) is switched to the relay circuit.

7 is a photodetector A, indicated by "A" in FIG.

As illustrated, the sensors 1,2 (1,2) of the photodetector A are disposed in close proximity to the light blocking plate at portions attached at the same angle to both sides of the light blocking plate.

As shown in (b) of FIG. 7, when photovoltaic light enters the light blocking plate not parallel to each other, different photovoltaic powers are generated in the sensors 1 and 2.

As shown in FIG. 7A, when the incident direction of sunlight coincides with the light blocking plate, the same photovoltaic power is generated in the sensors 1 and 2.

In the case of (b) of FIG. 7, the vertical axis horizontal direction control detects and amplifies the photovoltaic difference between the two sensors in the comparison circuit, inputs it to the driving circuit, and moves the driving unit so that the photodetector A reduces the difference in photovoltaic power. And move in the direction of the sensor receiving more light. Therefore, the solar detector rotates clockwise and moves until the two sensors receive the same amount of light as shown in FIG.

Even when the electromagnetic brake is activated in the driving unit at the moment when the photodetector A stops, the photodetector A rotates slightly in the clockwise direction in the direction of FIG. At this time, feedback control is performed between the sensor and the driving unit.

As shown in FIG. 9, the driving unit stops while generating a sawtooth-shaped vibration in both directions along the vertical axis according to the photovoltaic power of the sensors 1 and 2, and the vibration is hardly revealed in the actual driving operation.

When the sun moves from east to west along the orbit, the photodetector A (A) rotates by tracking the incident direction of sunlight and the reflecting surface 11 moves the half angle of the rotation angle of the photodetector A about the vertical axis. .

This is a geometric figure that reflects mathematically moving sunlight on a constant location, the reflecting surface must rotate by half the angle of the sun's movement.

In the horizontal axis control, the sensors 3,4 (3,4) installed in front of the photodetector B (B) receive the light reflected from the reflecting surface and the reflecting surface 11 around the horizontal axis in the same principle. Rotate When a difference in photovoltaic power is generated in the sensors 3 and 4, the reflective surface 11 causes the reflective surface to rotate up and down along the incident direction of sunlight in a direction to reduce the difference in photovoltaic power. In this way, the reflective surface 11 which has completed the adjustment of one step has the accuracy which reflects the sunlight to a certain position to some extent.

The reason for this error is due to the incompleteness of the mechanical calculations during the vertical axis control.

In order to correct this error, if the first stage control is completed with the position detection sensor 5 in the hole located in front of the photodetector B, the inputs of the sensors 1,2,3,4 are input to the vertical axis and the horizontal axis, respectively. Is switched to the input of the sensors 7, 8, 9, 10 as an electronic relay. In the second step, the sensors 9 and 10 output photovoltaic powers to the comparator on the vertical axis and the sensors 7, 8 send to the comparator, and the driving circuit outputs the error correcting to the driving part.

In this way, after the final error correction is made, the automatic tracking is performed by driving the reflecting surface only with the error correction sensor when the sun moves along the orbit. Direct sunlight disappears almost in the event of clouding or bad weather during tracking. All corresponding sensors [(1,2), (3,4), (5,6), (7,8), (9,10)] Receives the same amount of light, and the tracking device stops, and when it is sunny again, the sun continues to track.

The photodetector A is arranged such that the incident light falls within the effective operating range of the sensor even when incident light is incident from the rear surface of the photodetector as shown in FIG. Therefore, the sun can be traced even after the weather has been cloudy for a long time, even when the sun reappears by moving more than 90 ° from the position before the sun.

As described above, the present invention provides a solar tracking device in which sunlight is useful, and a solar track board is placed at an optimal position to realize the control in the range, and the solar tracking device is approximated at the first step. By correcting the error in the second step, accurate tracking is possible. By controlling it in two stages, it is possible to use it in solar heat and solar system as a solar tracking device that makes stable tracking without malfunctioning even in bad weather.

Claims (3)

In the solar tracking device for controlling the angle at which the reflecting surface can reflect the sunlight to a constant position, the output from the solar detector A (A) and the solar detector A (A) installed for one-step vertical axis control Comparative control circuit for controlling the photovoltaic power and tracking the sun in the horizontal direction to the left and right to rotate the driving unit, and the rotating part provided with the reflecting surface moves the half angle of the rotated angle of the photodetector A (A). Position sensor (5,6) and two-stage vertical axis and horizontal axis that control the position of the controlled position and control the position of the controlled position by the installed reducer (14) and the sensors 3,4 (3,4). Approximate position adjusting step for the horizontal axis control and the vertical axis control as a comparison control circuit and a driving circuit by installing a second photodetector B (B) having an optical sensor (7, 8, 9, 10) for error correction. With two levels of control and error correction Solar tracking device, characterized in that. The solar detector A (A) according to claim 1, having two sensors (17, 18) disposed in proximity to the light shielding plate (15) in portions (16) attached at the same angle on both sides of the light shielding plate. Solar tracking device, characterized in that. According to claim 1, two sensors (3,4) for the first stage of the horizontal axis control, the position detection sensor (5), the second stage of the horizontal axis, four vertical axis error correction sensors (7, 8, 9, 10) Solar tracking device with a second solar detector B (B) installed.