KR920701860A - 중합체 고체 전해질을 지닌 투명 및/또는 반사 다층 광학 시스템을 신속하고 균일하게 가열하기 위한 방법 - Google Patents
중합체 고체 전해질을 지닌 투명 및/또는 반사 다층 광학 시스템을 신속하고 균일하게 가열하기 위한 방법Info
- Publication number
- KR920701860A KR920701860A KR1019910700036A KR910700036A KR920701860A KR 920701860 A KR920701860 A KR 920701860A KR 1019910700036 A KR1019910700036 A KR 1019910700036A KR 910700036 A KR910700036 A KR 910700036A KR 920701860 A KR920701860 A KR 920701860A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- ion
- conducting
- transparent
- optical system
- electrodes
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims 20
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims 3
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 15
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 10
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims 7
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims 6
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 5
- 239000002322 conducting polymer Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 4
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims 3
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- -1 alkali metal salt Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- HEQWUWZWGPCGCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium(2+) oxygen(2-) tin(4+) Chemical class [O--].[O--].[O--].[Cd++].[Sn+4] HEQWUWZWGPCGCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001795 coordination polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004292 cyclic ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010416 ion conductor Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002627 poly(phosphazenes) Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- QHGNHLZPVBIIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin(ii) oxide Chemical class [Sn]=O QHGNHLZPVBIIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/17—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on variable-absorption elements not provided for in groups G02F1/015 - G02F1/169
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/84—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
- H05B3/86—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields the heating conductors being embedded in the transparent or reflecting material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/163—Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cells; Circuit arrangements therefor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0565—Polymeric materials, e.g. gel-type or solid-type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
- H01M10/6571—Resistive heaters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/14—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M6/18—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte with solid electrolyte
- H01M6/181—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte with solid electrolyte with polymeric electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/0004—Devices wherein the heating current flows through the material to be heated
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
- H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
- H05B3/146—Conductive polymers, e.g. polyethylene, thermoplastics
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
- H05B3/36—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs heating conductor embedded in insulating material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/60—Heating arrangements wherein the heating current flows through granular powdered or fluid material, e.g. for salt-bath furnace, electrolytic heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
- B29C2035/0211—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould resistance heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2310/00—Treatment by energy or chemical effects
- B32B2310/021—Treatment by energy or chemical effects using electrical effects
- B32B2310/022—Electrical resistance
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/009—Heaters using conductive material in contact with opposing surfaces of the resistive element or resistive layer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)
- Ink Jet (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
- Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8906110 | 1989-05-10 | ||
| FR8906110A FR2646966B1 (fr) | 1989-05-10 | 1989-05-10 | Procede de chauffage rapide et uniforme d'un ensemble multicouche comportant au moins une couche mince a base d'un materiau macromoleculaire a conduction ionique intercalee entre deux structures a conduction electronique elevee |
| PCT/FR1990/000327 WO1990013844A1 (fr) | 1989-05-10 | 1990-05-10 | Procede de chauffage rapide et uniforme d'un systeme optique multicouche transparent ou/et reflechissant a electrolyte solide polymere |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| KR920701860A true KR920701860A (ko) | 1992-08-12 |
Family
ID=9381529
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1019910700036A KR920701860A (ko) | 1989-05-10 | 1990-05-10 | 중합체 고체 전해질을 지닌 투명 및/또는 반사 다층 광학 시스템을 신속하고 균일하게 가열하기 위한 방법 |
| KR1019910700037A KR920702038A (ko) | 1989-05-10 | 1990-05-10 | 높은 전자전도성을 가지는 두 구조물 사이에 삽입된 박층 이온전도성고분자 물질을 한층 이상 포함하는 다층어셈블리의 신속하고 균일한 가열방법 |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1019910700037A KR920702038A (ko) | 1989-05-10 | 1990-05-10 | 높은 전자전도성을 가지는 두 구조물 사이에 삽입된 박층 이온전도성고분자 물질을 한층 이상 포함하는 다층어셈블리의 신속하고 균일한 가열방법 |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US5130842A (de) |
| EP (2) | EP0445238B1 (de) |
| JP (2) | JPH03506097A (de) |
| KR (2) | KR920701860A (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE110473T1 (de) |
| CA (2) | CA2032473A1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE69011840T2 (de) |
| FR (1) | FR2646966B1 (de) |
| WO (2) | WO1990013925A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (44)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE8801637D0 (sv) * | 1988-04-29 | 1988-04-29 | Jim Stevens | Electrochromic device and a method to manufacture the same |
| FR2646966B1 (fr) * | 1989-05-10 | 1996-02-02 | Elf Aquitaine | Procede de chauffage rapide et uniforme d'un ensemble multicouche comportant au moins une couche mince a base d'un materiau macromoleculaire a conduction ionique intercalee entre deux structures a conduction electronique elevee |
| US5446576A (en) * | 1990-11-26 | 1995-08-29 | Donnelly Corporation | Electrochromic mirror for vehicles with illumination and heating control |
| US5724177A (en) * | 1991-09-04 | 1998-03-03 | Sun Active Glass Electrochromics, Inc. | Electrochromic devices and methods |
| US5321544A (en) * | 1991-09-04 | 1994-06-14 | Sun Active Glass Electrochromics, Inc. | Electrochromic structures and methods |
| BR9306215A (pt) * | 1992-04-10 | 1998-06-23 | Sun Active Glass Electrochrom | Dispositivo eletrocrómico e processo para a preparaçao do mesmo |
| US5404244A (en) * | 1992-04-10 | 1995-04-04 | Sun Active Glass Electrochromics, Inc. | Electrochromic structures and methods |
| ATE404904T1 (de) * | 1992-12-24 | 2008-08-15 | Sage Electrochromics Inc | Elektrochrome vorrichtungen |
| US5780160A (en) * | 1994-10-26 | 1998-07-14 | Donnelly Corporation | Electrochromic devices with improved processability and methods of preparing the same |
| ATE225077T1 (de) * | 1996-06-21 | 2002-10-15 | Pirelli Cavi E Sistemi Spa | Gegen wasserbäumchen widerstandsfähige isolierungszusammensetzung |
| US5923457A (en) * | 1997-04-02 | 1999-07-13 | Gentex Corporation | Electro-optic device including a low sheet resistance, high transmission transparent electrode |
| GB2330289A (en) * | 1997-10-13 | 1999-04-14 | Ericsson Omc Limited | Heated printed circuit board |
| US6217827B1 (en) | 1999-03-25 | 2001-04-17 | Zellweger Analytics, Inc. | Hydride gas detecting tape |
| DE19922778A1 (de) | 1999-05-18 | 2000-11-23 | Mekra Lang Gmbh & Co Kg | Beheizbarer Rückspiegel |
| US7058817B1 (en) | 1999-07-02 | 2006-06-06 | The Chase Manhattan Bank | System and method for single sign on process for websites with multiple applications and services |
| US6180921B1 (en) * | 1999-10-08 | 2001-01-30 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. | Windshield heating device |
| AU7739800A (en) * | 1999-10-12 | 2001-04-23 | Xircom, Inc. | Thermally controlled circuit using planar resistive elements |
| US8849716B1 (en) | 2001-04-20 | 2014-09-30 | Jpmorgan Chase Bank, N.A. | System and method for preventing identity theft or misuse by restricting access |
| WO2002099598A2 (en) | 2001-06-07 | 2002-12-12 | First Usa Bank, N.A. | System and method for rapid updating of credit information |
| US7266839B2 (en) | 2001-07-12 | 2007-09-04 | J P Morgan Chase Bank | System and method for providing discriminated content to network users |
| US7987501B2 (en) | 2001-12-04 | 2011-07-26 | Jpmorgan Chase Bank, N.A. | System and method for single session sign-on |
| US20180165441A1 (en) | 2002-03-25 | 2018-06-14 | Glenn Cobourn Everhart | Systems and methods for multifactor authentication |
| US7058660B2 (en) | 2002-10-02 | 2006-06-06 | Bank One Corporation | System and method for network-based project management |
| US8301493B2 (en) | 2002-11-05 | 2012-10-30 | Jpmorgan Chase Bank, N.A. | System and method for providing incentives to consumers to share information |
| US7012735B2 (en) * | 2003-03-27 | 2006-03-14 | E Ink Corporaiton | Electro-optic assemblies, and materials for use therein |
| WO2005029458A1 (en) * | 2003-09-19 | 2005-03-31 | E Ink Corporation | Methods for reducing edge effects in electro-optic displays |
| US7133181B2 (en) * | 2004-07-23 | 2006-11-07 | Sage Electrochromics, Inc. | Control system for electrochromic devices |
| AU2005269248B2 (en) * | 2004-08-05 | 2011-08-25 | Cathrx Ltd | A process of manufacturing an electrical lead |
| US20060163540A1 (en) * | 2005-01-27 | 2006-07-27 | Chien-Hsin Yang | Solid status electro-chromic device process using conductive polymer nano material |
| JP5105140B2 (ja) * | 2005-09-12 | 2012-12-19 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | 全固体型反射調光エレクトロクロミック素子及びそれを用いた調光部材 |
| US7818238B1 (en) * | 2005-10-11 | 2010-10-19 | Jpmorgan Chase Bank, N.A. | Upside forward with early funding provision |
| FR2912264B1 (fr) * | 2007-02-06 | 2009-04-10 | Batscap Sa | Module de batterie de puissance, batterie, procede de charge du module, vehicule ayant la batterie |
| US9782949B2 (en) | 2008-05-30 | 2017-10-10 | Corning Incorporated | Glass laminated articles and layered articles |
| CN102253502A (zh) * | 2011-04-18 | 2011-11-23 | 广州奥翼电子科技有限公司 | 粘合剂及其电光学组件和电泳介质 |
| FR2991107B1 (fr) * | 2012-05-25 | 2016-11-25 | Renault Sa | Procede et dispositif de chauffage d'une batterie electrochimique. |
| JP6318633B2 (ja) * | 2014-01-15 | 2018-05-09 | 株式会社リコー | エレクトロクロミック表示装置及びその製造方法 |
| US20150338718A1 (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2015-11-26 | Intel Corporation | Acousto-optic deflector with multiple transducers for optical beam steering |
| US9884685B2 (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2018-02-06 | The Boeing Company | External case heater for an angle of attack sensor |
| US10149349B2 (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2018-12-04 | Mitsuko BABA | Heat generating body |
| US10779362B2 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2020-09-15 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Heating element, manufacturing method thereof, composition for forming heating element, and heating apparatus |
| CN109561526B (zh) * | 2017-09-26 | 2023-04-25 | 杜邦电子公司 | 加热元件和加热装置 |
| CN107968225A (zh) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-04-27 | 上海航天电源技术有限责任公司 | 一种耐振动锂离子电池及其制备方法 |
| DE102018110760A1 (de) * | 2018-05-04 | 2019-11-07 | Motherson Innovations Company Limited | Intelligentes fenster mit beschlagsentfernungsfunktion |
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| US2442380A (en) * | 1942-02-25 | 1948-06-01 | John P Schrodt | Method and system for warming dry batteries |
| FR903078A (fr) * | 1943-03-05 | 1945-09-24 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Procédé et dispositif pour augmenter la puissance ou la capacité d'accumulateurs électriques par un apport de chaleur |
| DE2825390C2 (de) * | 1977-06-14 | 1983-01-05 | Sharp K.K., Osaka | Treiberschaltung für eine elektrochrome Anzeigevorrichtung |
| GB2065027A (en) * | 1979-12-07 | 1981-06-24 | Polymer Lab Ltd | Bonding materials |
| US4521081A (en) * | 1981-03-30 | 1985-06-04 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Electrochromic display device |
| JPS57192848A (en) * | 1981-05-25 | 1982-11-27 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Regulator for oxygen concentration |
| DE3321032A1 (de) * | 1982-07-29 | 1984-02-02 | Balzers Hochvakuum Gmbh, 6200 Wiesbaden | Verfahren zur beheizung eines elektrooptischen und/oder elektrochemischen elementes |
| JPS5965758A (ja) * | 1982-10-08 | 1984-04-14 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | 電気化学的装置 |
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| GB8422261D0 (en) * | 1984-09-04 | 1984-10-10 | Green M | Electrochromic display device |
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-
1989
- 1989-05-10 FR FR8906110A patent/FR2646966B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1990
- 1990-05-10 JP JP2507973A patent/JPH03506097A/ja active Pending
- 1990-05-10 US US07/635,521 patent/US5130842A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-05-10 KR KR1019910700036A patent/KR920701860A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-05-10 CA CA 2032473 patent/CA2032473A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1990-05-10 WO PCT/FR1990/000326 patent/WO1990013925A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1990-05-10 WO PCT/FR1990/000327 patent/WO1990013844A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1990-05-10 AT AT90908237T patent/ATE110473T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-05-10 DE DE69011840T patent/DE69011840T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-05-10 EP EP19900908237 patent/EP0445238B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-05-10 CA CA002032486A patent/CA2032486C/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-05-10 US US07/635,522 patent/US5302810A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-05-10 KR KR1019910700037A patent/KR920702038A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-05-10 EP EP19900908236 patent/EP0425647B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-05-10 DE DE69005589T patent/DE69005589T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-05-10 JP JP2507721A patent/JPH03506080A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0445238A1 (de) | 1991-09-11 |
| DE69011840T2 (de) | 1995-03-23 |
| KR920702038A (ko) | 1992-08-12 |
| EP0445238B1 (de) | 1994-08-24 |
| DE69005589D1 (de) | 1994-02-10 |
| FR2646966A1 (fr) | 1990-11-16 |
| CA2032473A1 (fr) | 1990-11-11 |
| CA2032486C (fr) | 2001-01-23 |
| EP0425647A1 (de) | 1991-05-08 |
| US5302810A (en) | 1994-04-12 |
| DE69005589T2 (de) | 1994-07-21 |
| JPH03506080A (ja) | 1991-12-26 |
| ATE110473T1 (de) | 1994-09-15 |
| EP0425647B1 (de) | 1993-12-29 |
| DE69011840D1 (de) | 1994-09-29 |
| CA2032486A1 (fr) | 1990-11-11 |
| US5130842A (en) | 1992-07-14 |
| JPH03506097A (ja) | 1991-12-26 |
| WO1990013844A1 (fr) | 1990-11-15 |
| WO1990013925A1 (fr) | 1990-11-15 |
| FR2646966B1 (fr) | 1996-02-02 |
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