KR890001724B1 - Voltage control circuit of induction motor - Google Patents

Voltage control circuit of induction motor Download PDF

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KR890001724B1
KR890001724B1 KR1019860007003A KR860007003A KR890001724B1 KR 890001724 B1 KR890001724 B1 KR 890001724B1 KR 1019860007003 A KR1019860007003 A KR 1019860007003A KR 860007003 A KR860007003 A KR 860007003A KR 890001724 B1 KR890001724 B1 KR 890001724B1
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inverting input
operational amplifier
input terminal
output
voltage
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KR1019860007003A
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KR880003477A (en
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김정수
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김정수
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
    • H02P25/16—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)

Abstract

By controlling the magnitude of signal which is loaded in the gate of silicon control rectifying element according to the voltage values which are detected to the anode voltages of the silicon control element which is connected to the load, the circuit maintains the maximum efficiency and power rate in response to the change of the load. That is, according to the output voltages of the motor, which are the anode voltages of the silicon control rectifying element, this circuit controls the magnitude of signal and always maintains the maximum efficiency and the power rate.

Description

유도전동기의 전압조절회로Voltage regulating circuit of induction motor

첨부도면은 본 발명의 회로도.The accompanying drawings are circuit diagrams of the present invention.

* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

O1P-OP6: 연산증폭기 TR : 트랜지스터O 1 P-OP 6 : Operational Amplifier TR: Transistor

R1-R7: 저항 C1-C5: 콘덴서R 1 -R 7 : Resistor C 1 -C 5 : Capacitor

D1-D6: 다이오드D 1 -D 6 : Diode

본 발명은 유도전기의 가동전압을 조절하기 위한 것으로 특히 부하측과 여결되는 실리콘 제어소자의 애노드측 전압을 검출하여 이전압의 값에따라 실리콘 제어정류소자의 게이트에 인가하는 신호의 크기를 조절함으로서 부하의 변동에 따라 항상 최대의 효율과 역률을 유지하도록 전압을 제어하는 유도전동기의 전압 조절회로에 관한 것이다.The present invention is to control the operating voltage of the induction electricity, in particular, by detecting the voltage of the anode side of the silicon control element coupled to the load side by adjusting the magnitude of the signal applied to the gate of the silicon control rectifier according to the value of this voltage The present invention relates to a voltage regulation circuit of an induction motor that controls voltage to maintain maximum efficiency and power factor according to fluctuations.

일반적으로 유도전동기를 포함한 교류전동기는 소형 및 경량이며 가격이 저렴하기 때문에 널리사용되고 있으나 기동시에 500-600%의 기동전류가 흐르므로 전력개동에 나쁜 영향을 미치고 부하에 충격을 주는 경우가 있으므로 기동전류를 제한하기 위하여 와이(Y) 델타(△)기동 혹은 기동보상기를 사용해야하고, 교류전동기는 전부하시의 역률이 약85%이며 부부하시의 역률이 약15%이고 80-100%의 부하에서 효율이 가장 좋으며 50%이하의 부하에서 역률이 급격히 떨어지게되어 역률의 개선을 위하여 진상용 콘덴서를 설치하여 운전하고 있으나 이의 가격이 비쌀뿐만 아니라, 전동기의 선택시에 여유용량을 고려하여 필요한 부하보다 큰용량의 전동기를 선택하기때문에 대부분의 경우 비효율적인 운전을 하고 전동기의 운전시간 중에서도 무부하운전시간이 많은 까닭에 효율 및 역률의 개선에 많은 문제점이 있었다.In general, AC motors including induction motors are widely used because of their small size, light weight, and low cost.However, since 500-600% of the starting current flows during start-up, they may adversely affect power operation and may impact the load. The delta (△) start or start compensator should be used to limit the power consumption.The AC motor has a power factor of about 85% at full load, a power factor of 15% at full load, and an efficiency at 80-100% load. It is the best and the power factor drops sharply at the load below 50%, so it is operated by installing a condenser for improving the power factor, but its price is not only expensive but also the capacity of the larger capacity than the necessary load considering the spare capacity when selecting the motor In most cases, the motor is inefficient operation, and there is a lot of no-load operation time among the operating time of the motor. There were many problems with the improvement of the efficiency and power factor in the cause.

이와같은 종래의 문제점을 개선하기 위한 본 발명은 입력전원이 연산증폭기를 통하여 다른 연산 증폭기의 반전입력 단자로 입력하는 동시에, 적분회로를 거쳐 동기시간동안 턴온(turn-on)되는 트랜지스터의 베이스로 연결하고, 트랜지스터의 콜렉터에서 콘덴서를 거쳐 연산증폭기의 반전입력단자로 연결하며, 이의 출력단에서 발생되는 구형파와 약 20Hz의 주파수가 믹싱되어 실리콘 제어정류소자의 게이트로 연결하는 한편 전동기의 부하전압인 실리콘 제어소자의 애노드측 전압이 연산증폭기에서 일정비율로 증폭되고 다시 연산증폭기를 거치면서 위상이 바뀌어 다른 연산증폭기의 반전입력단자로 연결함으로서 부하에 가해지는 전압 즉 실리콘제어 정류소자의 애노드측 전압인 전동기의 출력전압에 따라 게이트에 가해지는 신호의 폭을 조절하여 항상 최대의 효율과 역률을 유지하도록 한 것으로 이를 첨부된 도면에 의해 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention inputs an input power supply to an inverting input terminal of another operational amplifier through an operational amplifier, and connects it to a base of a transistor that is turned on during a synchronous time through an integration circuit. Then, the transistor is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier through the capacitor of the transistor, and the square wave generated at the output terminal thereof is mixed with the frequency of about 20 Hz to be connected to the gate of the silicon control rectifier and the silicon control element which is the load voltage of the motor. The voltage at the load on the anode side of the op amp is amplified by a certain ratio in the operational amplifier, and then changes in phase through the operational amplifier and connected to the inverting input terminal of another operational amplifier. The width of the signal applied to the gate according to It is to maintain the maximum efficiency and power factor of the phase and will be described in detail by the accompanying drawings as follows.

입력전원(Vcc)을 저항(R1)및 콘덴서(C1)를 거쳐 두 연산 증폭기(OP1), (OP2)의 반전입력단자(-)와 비반전 입력단자(+)로 각각 연결하고, 두 연산증폭기(OP1), (OP2)의 출력단자에서 각각 저항(R2, (R3)과 다이오드(D3), (D4)를 거쳐 연산증폭기(OP3)의 반전입력단자(-)로 연결하는 동시에 각각 적분회로인 콘덴서(C2), (C3)와 저항(R4), (R5)을 거친후 트랜지스터(TR)의 베이스와 연결하며, 에미터가 접지된 트랜지스터(TR)의 콜렉터에서는 인가전압(Bt)이 저항( R6)을 통하여 인가되며 충전및 방전되는 콘덴서(C4)를 거쳐 연산증폭기(OP4)의 반전입력단자(-)로 연결하고, 비반전입력단자(+)로 전압신호(VP)가 입력되는 연산증폭기(OP4)의 출력단에서 다이오드(D5)를 거치도록 하는 한편, 부하측과 연결된 실리콘제어 정류소자의 애노드 전압(VA)을 비반전 입력단자(+)로 연결하는 동시에 콘덴서(C5)를 거친후, 인가전압(Bt)과 합쳐져 반전입력단자(-)로 연결된 연산증폭기(OP5)의 출력단에서 비반전입력단자(+)와 저항(R7)을 통하여 궤환되도록 하며, 연산증폭기(OP5)의 출력단에서 반전입력단자(-)로 입력되는 연산증폭기(OP6)의출력단에서는 다이오드(D1)을 거쳐 외부의 전원검출 회로와 연결되는 출력단(Vout)으로 연결하는 동시에 다이오드(D4)를 통하여 연산증폭기(OP3)의 반전입력단자(-)로 연결하고, 비반전 입력단자(+)로 일정값의 기준전압(B0)이 인가되는 연산증폭기(OP3)의 출력단에서 다이오드(D6)를 거치도록 하여, 두 연산증폭기(OP3), (OP4)의 출력단과 외부의 주파수 발생회로와 연결된 입력단(Vin)이 합쳐져 실리콘 제어정류소자의 게이트 입력단자(VG)와 연결한 것이다.Connect the input power supply (Vcc) to the inverting input terminal (-) and the non-inverting input terminal (+) of the two operational amplifiers (OP 1 ) and (OP 2 ) through the resistor (R 1 ) and the capacitor (C 1 ), respectively. Inverting input terminals of the operational amplifier OP 3 through the resistors R 2 , (R 3 ), diodes (D 3 ), and (D 4 ) at the output terminals of the two operational amplifiers (OP 1 ) and (OP 2 ), respectively. At the same time, connect to the base of the transistor (TR) after the capacitor (C 2 ), (C 3 ) and resistors (R 4 ), (R 5 ) which are integrating circuits, respectively. In the collector of the transistor TR, an applied voltage Bt is applied through the resistor R 6 and connected to the inverting input terminal (-) of the operational amplifier OP 4 through a capacitor C 4 charged and discharged. The diode D 5 is passed through the output terminal of the operational amplifier OP 4 to which the voltage signal VP is inputted to the non-inverting input terminal (+), while the anode voltage VA of the silicon-controlled rectifier connected to the load side is non- Reverse input Here (+) after the capacitor (C 5) at the same time connecting to the applied voltage (Bt) and the combined inverting input terminal (-), the operational amplifier non-inverting input terminal (+) at the output terminal of the (OP 5) connected to the resistance The output terminal of the operational amplifier OP 6 inputted from the output terminal of the operational amplifier OP 5 to the inverting input terminal (-) through R 7 is connected to the external power supply detection circuit via a diode D 1 . Connect to the connected output terminal (Vout) and at the same time connect to the inverting input terminal (-) of the operational amplifier (OP 3 ) through the diode (D 4 ), and to the non-inverting input terminal (+) of the reference voltage (B 0) ) Is passed through the diode (D 6 ) at the output terminal of the operational amplifier (OP 3 ), the output terminal of the two operational amplifier (OP 3 ), (OP 4 ) and the input terminal (Vin) connected to the external frequency generator circuit It is combined with the gate input terminal (VG) of the silicon control rectifier.

이와같이 본 발명은 입력전원(Vcc)이 각각 반전입력단자(-)와 비반전입력단자(+)로 연결되는 연산증폭기(OP1), (OP2)의 출력단에서 나오는 두신호의 동기를 취해 그 동기동안 적분회로(C2), (C3), (R4), (R5)를 통하여 트랜지스터(TR)의 베이스에 인가하여 트랜지스터(TR)를 구동시키도록 하고, 인가전압(Bt)이 저항(R6)저항을 통하여 인가되는 콘덴서(C4)에서 트랜지스터(TR)가 턴온되어 있는 동안에는 방전을 하고 두신호의 동기가 끝나면서 트랜지스터(TR)가 턴온되면 충전울 시작하므로 이때의 파형을 입력전압의 반주기동안만 이루어지는 삼각파가 된다.As described above, the present invention synchronizes two signals from the output terminals of the operational amplifiers OP 1 and OP 2 connected to the inverting input terminal (-) and the non-inverting input terminal (+), respectively. During synchronization, the transistor TR is applied to the base of the transistor TR through the integrating circuits C 2 , C 3 , R 4 , and R 5 so that the applied voltage Bt is applied. In the capacitor C 4 applied through the resistor R 6 , the capacitor discharges while the transistor TR is turned on and starts charging when the transistor TR is turned on after the synchronization of the two signals ends. It is a triangular wave that occurs only for half a period of voltage.

이 반주기의 삼각파가 반전입력단자(-)로 입력되고 전압신호(VP)가 비반전 입력단자(+)로 입력되는 연산증폭기(OP4)에서 서로 비교하여 잔업신호(VP)의 전압변동에 따라 폭이 달라지는 구형파로 되어 나온다.The half period of the triangular wave and an inverted input terminal (-) to the operational amplifier (OP 4) that is input to be input into a voltage signal (VP) is the non-inverting input terminal (+) compared to each other in accordance with the voltage variation of the overtime signal (VP) It comes out as a square wave of varying width.

한편 전동기의 출력단전압인 부하측에 연결된 실리콘제어 정류소자의 애노드전압(VA)이 직접 비반전 입력단자(+)로 연결되는 동시에 콘덴서(C5)를 거친후 인가전압(Bt)과 합쳐져 반전입력단자(-)로 연결되고 그 출력단에서 저항(R7)을 통해 비반전입력단자(+)로 궤환되는 연산증폭기(OP5)를 거치면서 저항(R7)의 값에따라 일정하게 증폭된 후, 다시 반전입력단자(-)와 연결된 연산증폭기(OP6)를 거치면서 그 위상을 바꾼후 연산증폭기(OP1)의 출력전압과 각각 다이오드(D1), (D2)를 거쳐서 합쳐져 출력단(Vout)을 통하여 외부로 나가게되어 별도로 구성된 전압검출회로에서 전동기의 출력전원에 따른 종류를 알아내도록 하는 동시에 입력 전원(Vcc)이 연산증폭기(OP1), (OP2)를 거친것과 합쳐져 각각 다이오드(D3), (D4)를 통해 연산증폭기(OP3)의 반전입력단자(-)로 연결되어 비반전 입력단자(+)로 일정한 기준전압(B0)이 인가되는 연산증폭기(OP3)의 출력은 항상 기준전압(B0)보다 높은 저압을 유지하게 된다.Meanwhile, after the anode voltage (VA) party silicon controlled rectifier is connected to the load side of an output terminal voltage of the motor is subjected to a direct condenser (C 5) at the same time through to the non-inverting input terminal (+) is applied voltage (Bt) and the inverting input terminal combined ( Is amplified in accordance with the value of resistor (R 7 ) through the operational amplifier (OP 5 ) connected to-) and fed back to the non-inverting input terminal (+) through the resistor (R 7 ) at the output terminal. After changing the phase while passing through the operational amplifier OP 6 connected to the inverting input terminal (-), the output voltage of the operational amplifier OP 1 and the diodes D 1 and D 2 are combined to output the output Vout. while in the out to the outside separately from the voltage detection circuit is configured to find out the type of the output power of the motor input power (Vcc) is combined to that passed through the operational amplifier (OP 1), (OP 2 ) via a respective diode (D 3 ), (the inverting input of the operational amplifier (OP 3) via a D 4) Characters (-) connected to the output of the operational amplifier (OP 3) is a constant reference voltage (B 0) is applied to the non-inverting input terminal (+) is always kept higher than the reference voltage, the low-pressure (B 0).

그리고 전압 검출회로에서 감지한 부하의 종류에 따라 역를제어 회로에서 주파수 발생회로를 통하여 알맞은 주파수(약20Hz)를 보내옴으로서 연산증폭기(OP3)의 출력단에서 나오는 높은 전압값과 연산증폭기(OP4)의 출력단에서 발생하는 구형파의 전압신호와 섞여 실리콘제어 정류소자의 게이트 연결단자(VG)를 통하여 실리콘 제어정류소자의 게이트에 가해지도록 되는 것이다.And voltage high voltage values and the operational amplifier from the output terminal of the operational amplifier (OP 3) as an ohmic send the appropriate frequency (about 20Hz) via a frequency generator circuit in yeokreul control circuit according to the type of load detected by the detection circuit (OP 4 It is mixed with the voltage signal of the square wave generated at the output terminal of the C) and applied to the gate of the silicon controlled rectifier through the gate connection terminal (VG) of the silicon controlled rectifier.

그리고 약Hz의 주파수는 실리콘제어 정류소자가 한번의 신호에도 반주기동안 확실히 동작하기 위한 신호이다.The frequency of about Hz is a signal for the silicon-controlled rectifier to be sure to operate for half a period even in one signal.

이와같이 입력전원(Vcc)이 연산증폭기(OP1), (OP2)를 거치는 두신호의 동기시간동안 트랜지스터(TR)를 구동시켜 반주기의 파형을 갖는 신호가 출력되도록 하고, 전동기의 부하측 연결단자인 실리콘 제어정류소자의 애노드전압(VA)의 값을 감지하여 부하의 종류를 알아낸후 각 부하에 맞는 신호를 실리콘 제어 정류소자의 게이트에 인가하여 줌으로써 부하의 종류가 변하여도 항상 최고의 역률과 효율을 유지하도록 한 것이다.In this way, the input power Vcc drives the transistor TR during the synchronous time of two signals passing through the operational amplifiers OP 1 and OP 2 so that a signal having a half-cycle waveform is output, and the load-side connection terminal of the motor After detecting the type of load by sensing the anode voltage (VA) of the silicon controlled rectifier, the signal suitable for each load is applied to the gate of the silicon controlled rectifier to maintain the best power factor and efficiency even when the load is changed. will be.

Claims (1)

입력전원(Vcc)측에 각각 반전입력단자와 비반전입력단자가 연결된 두 연산증폭기(OP1), (OP2)의 출력단에 콘덴서(C2), (C3)와 저항(R4), (R5)의 적분회를 연결하여 트랜지스터(TR)의 베이스에 연결하고, 에미터와의 사이에 콘덴서(C4)가 연결된 콜렉터를 연산증폭기(OP4)의 반전입력단자에 전압신호(VP)를 인가하여, 실리콘제어정류소자의 애노드전압(VA)의 비반전입력단자에 연결되는 연산증폭기(OP5)의 출력단을 다른 연산증폭기(OP6)의 비반전입력단자에 연결하고, 이 연산증폭기(OP6)의 출력단에서 다이오드(D1)을 거쳐 출력단(Vout)에 연결하고 다이오드(D4)을 거쳐 연산증폭기(OP1), (OP2)의 출력단과 함께 연산증폭기(OP3)의 비반전입력단에 연결하며, 두 연산증폭기(OP3) (OP4)의 출력단을 외부 주파수발생회로와 연결된 임력단(Vim)과 실리콘제어 정류소자의 게이트인가 전류를 바꾸어 항상 최대효율과 역률로 구동하도록 함을 특징으로 하는 유도전동기의 전압조절회로.Condenser (C 2 ), (C 3 ) and resistor (R 4 ), at the output of two operational amplifiers (OP 1 ) and (OP 2 ), each of which has an inverting input terminal and a non-inverting input terminal connected to the input power supply (Vcc). Connect the integrating circuit of (R 5 ) to the base of the transistor (TR) and connect the collector connected with the capacitor (C 4 ) between the emitter and the voltage signal (VP) to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier (OP 4 ). ), The output terminal of the operational amplifier OP 5 connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the anode voltage VA of the silicon controlled rectifier device is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the other operational amplifier OP 6 , and the operational amplifier The output terminal of OP 6 is connected to the output terminal Vout via the diode D 1 , and the output of the operational amplifier OP 3 together with the output terminals of the operational amplifiers OP 1 and OP 2 through the diode D 4 . It is connected to the non-inverting input stage, and the output stage of two operational amplifiers (OP 3 ) (OP 4 ) is connected to an external force generating circuit (Vim) and silicon control. A voltage regulation circuit of an induction motor, characterized in that the drive current at the maximum efficiency and power factor by changing the gate applied current of the rectifier element.
KR1019860007003A 1986-08-25 1986-08-25 Voltage control circuit of induction motor KR890001724B1 (en)

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KR1019860007003A KR890001724B1 (en) 1986-08-25 1986-08-25 Voltage control circuit of induction motor

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1019860007003A KR890001724B1 (en) 1986-08-25 1986-08-25 Voltage control circuit of induction motor

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KR880003477A KR880003477A (en) 1988-05-17
KR890001724B1 true KR890001724B1 (en) 1989-05-18

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