KR880001395B1 - Method and apparatus for controlling the rich gas heating of coke ovens - Google Patents

Abstract

Flame length is controlled, and optimum vertical temp. distribution is achieved, in the flues of coke ovens heated by rich gas arriving by pipes from the battery of oven nozzles. The pipes pass through the sepg. wall of a regenerator, and end in a burner head in the lower part of a flue. Air of combustion heated in the regenerator flows through holes in the base of each flue. A further, controlled amt. of air required for the combustion of gas in the lower hearth is driven by a fan into the burner head. The further, controlled amt. of air is pref. less than 30%, and is esp. 5-15% by vol. of the total air of combustion required.

Description

Method and apparatus for regulating rich gas heating of cocos oven

1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an intermediate feather with a heating temperature above the intermediate feather and a double wall burner through the intermediate feather.

2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG.

3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B in FIG.

4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line C-C in FIG.

5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line D-D in FIG.

6 is a schematic view of an air forced dispersing device.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: intermediate feather 2: heating temperature

3: burner outlet 4: flue roof

6: outside brick 8: inside brick

9: annular hall 15: color

16: supply room 17: spigot

22: blower

The present invention relates to a method of adjusting the flame length at the rich gas heating temperature of a cocos oven and optimizing vertical temperature distribution. The rich gas is supplied to the heating temperature through a line extending from the nozzle cellar of the oven battery to each intermediate feather thereon and terminating at the burner head located below this heating temperature. On the other hand, the combustion support air heated in the regenerator is introduced into the heating flue through the hole of the flue base.

Optimal heating control is determined by the problem of shortening of coking time and the increase of coke oven structure with chamber height of up to 8m and the legal restrictions prescribed by some countries' NOX components in combustion waste gas. do. This legal restriction applies particularly to rich gas heating of coke ovens because it is becoming increasingly difficult to adjust the heating to optimize vertical temperature dispersion at the heating temperature as the oven height is increased. In addition, when the coking time is short, the corresponding heating flue temperature increases the likelihood of being more and more restricted by the Environmental Protection Agency in the release of NOx, ie waste combustion gases. In addition, it has proved very difficult to prevent graphite formation at the burner outlet during rich gas heating.

Although costly, it is an object of the present invention to address the problem more simply than conventionally by focusing on increasing the vertical temperature dispersion at the heating temperature while reducing the NOx content in the waste gas and preventing graphite formation at the burner head.

Starting with the method, the blower according to the invention forcibly supplies an adjustable rate of combustion support air for the combustion of the flue gas at a separate heating temperature near the burner outlet. Forced air is supplied through an annular tube extending around the burner sphere. According to the present invention, the forced inflow rate of the combustion support air per heating year is 30 vol% or less (preferably 5-15 vol%) of the total amount of the combustion support air.

According to another aspect of the invention, cold combustion waste gas is supplied with forced air, in which case the ratio of forced air to combustion waste gas should be good at a ratio of 1: 2 (2: 1 to 1: 1 is good). Is).

The invention also relates to an apparatus for carrying out the method wherein the burner tube is a double wall tube and the characteristics of the apparatus are indicated in the claims.

The amount of air introduced at the separated heating temperature is not exactly the same as the conventional air injection type and the amount varies for various reasons. According to the invention, in order to eliminate this drawback, most of the combustion support air is typically introduced in the form of heated combustion support air in the regenerator through holes in the heated flue base. However, the most flawed heating temperature in this dispersion is introduced in such a way that it will burn the air slightly and burn it with a slightly soot flame without any manipulation. These heating years introduce a certain ratio of forced inlet air, where a smaller amount of air is supplied to another heating flue with an increased oxygen ratio in the combustion waste gas. As a result, the oxygen content of the combustion waste gas can be reduced to be kept below 3%. In addition, since the amount of the waste gas is reduced, the need to burn fuel is also reduced.

In addition, reducing excess oxygen reduces NOx formation. NOx formation is further reduced by sub-ordinary inlet temperatures of the combustion support gas flowing through the less hot inner tubes of the double wall tube burners for introduction into the heating flue. Due to the virtually constant outlet velocity of the forced inlet air extending around the discharged rich gas stream, the slow mixing of the combustion support gas with oxygen reduces the combustion rate, thus reducing the local flame temperature and further suppressing NOx formation. The rich gas flame in the heated flue is length controlled by the method of the present invention. In particular, temperature dispersion is enhanced when cold flue gas is mixed with forced inlet air.

In addition, the formation of graphite at the burner outlet can be significantly reduced because it is colder at the orifice of the combustion support gas than in the conventional case and is continuously cleaned by forced inlet air in this area and, if necessary, by relatively cold combustion waste gas. to be.

Combustion support gases are introduced at lower temperatures than normal and, at best, 4%, since combustion of certain fuels requires less preheating as a result of forced inlet air. Power consumption for air blowers is less than 0.1% of the fuel burning requirements. Assuming a 1% reduction in the amount of oxygen in the waste gas reduces combustion fuel consumption by more than 5%, energy savings can be achieved by the method according to the invention.

Embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings.

1 is a schematic sectional view in which the rich gas burner 3 extends below the heating temperature 2 and the heating temperature 2 is above the intermediate feather 1. According to the invention, the burner tube is a double wall tube and extends from the bottom interlocking roof 4 to the heating flue 2 through the intermediate feather 1 and the heating flue base 5. The double wall burner is designed from an outer jacket brick (6) formed of a central cylindrical bore (7) and an annular brick (8) housed in the bore, so that the outer diameter of the brick (8) is smaller than the diameter of the bore (7). .

2-4 show how the structure of double wall burners of different heights changes. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. In the burner discharge extended to the combustible temperature, the inner brick 8 has the form of a simple hollow cylinder whose outer wall interacts with the wall joining the bore 7 to join the annular tube or passage 9.

The inner brick 8 of the lower layer has three lands 10 (FIG. 3) engaged together to leave three tubes 11 arranged radially and symmetrically to the wall of the outer brick 6. Have In the lower four or five rows of bricks around the roof 4, the lands 10 have lugs 12 that increase stability and engage external bricks 6.

The rich gas is supplied in a conventional manner to the inner passage 13 in the inner brick 8 by respective supply lines 14 splitting from the main pipe (not shown) (FIG. 1). Line 14 in the roof 4 has a support collar 15 for supporting the bottom inner brick 8 of each burner. An annular supply chamber 16 extends around the line 14 under the collar 15 and the supply chamber 16 supplies forced inlet air and is associated with the passage or pipe 11.

As shown in FIG. 5, the supply chamber 16 has a tangential spigot 17 connected to each other by each supply line 19 having a control valve 18 and a forced air main main 20. As shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, each outer wall used in the double wall burner is vertically staggered with respect to each inner brick. Bricks are made of refractory materials. Each row of bricks has flawed and protruding connections connected under it.

6 is a schematic diagram of a dispersing device for the control of the waste gas ratio used for forced air, volume control and air-to-fuel combustion, where gas is introduced with forced inlet air and the sample taken is of a pair of heated flues. This figure shows five heating walls with a pair of flues and odd and even numbers are used for twins to represent burners in each half of the year. In the heating construction, all or even odd or even burners of the heating walls are supplied during the changeover period. Alternative burners can be used with one burner and even burners in the next. The main tubes 20a and 20b are separated into only two separate structures, one supplying an odd burner and the other supplying an even burner. By means of the switching valves 21a and 21b, the forced air supply can be switched at the same time and upon heating.

The forced air together with the waste gas for fuel combustion is forced into the main pipes 20a and 20b from the line 23 by the blower 22. Waste gas goes to stack 25 via line 24, some of which may be diverted through line 26. The ratio adjustment is controlled by the valve 27 and adjusting the amount according to the oxygen content of the waste gas is provided by the bypass control including the valve 28 located in the bypass 29.

The method is applied mutatis mutandis to other heating devices.

Claims (18)

Rich gas is supplied from the nozzle cell of the oven battery through each intermediate petter to the heating flue via a line terminating at the burner head located below the heating flue, and the combustion support air heated in the regenerator is fed through the flue base through the hole. In the method of adjusting the flame length in the rich gas heating flue of the coke oven introduced into the heating flue and optimizing the vertical temperature dispersion, the burner outlet bar is a ratio in which the blower can control the combustion support air required for combustion of fuel gas. Introducing into a nearby separated heating flue. The method of claim 1 wherein said forced inlet air is supplied through an annular tube extending around said burner outlet. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ratio of the forcedly supported combustion support air per heating year is 30% by volume or less of the total amount of the combustion support air. The method of claim 1 wherein the cold combustion waste gas is supplied with forced air. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the ratio of forced inlet air to combustion waste gas is 1: 2 at best. The rich gas and forced inlet air are double walled tubes designed from round bricks and these tubes extend from the bottom flue roof 4 through the intermediate feathers 1 and terminate at burner outlets 3 formed as double wall burners and with internal bores 13 ) Is connected to the rich gas line while the external annular family (9, 11) is connected to the supply line of forced inlet air and combustion waste gas. 7. The supply line for the rich gas and forced inlet air according to claim 6, wherein a supply line for the rich gas and the forced inlet air is devised from each brick 6 which forms an outer jacket and is stacked and forms an annular central bore 7. And (7), which is designed from the inner annular brick (8) located in the bore to leave the open passageway (9, 11) between the outer brick inner wall and the inner brick outer wall. 8. The burner outlet (3) in the region where the line extends to the heating temperature (2) according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the inner brick (8) is tubular and the annular tube (9) is an outer brick inner wall and an inner brick. Device between the outer walls. 9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the inner brick (8) has a number of lands (10) near the intermediate feather (1) in contact with the outer brick inner wall and symmetrically arranged. 10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that the land of the lower inner brick, which is the nearest four or five bottom rows, has a lug (12) for connecting with the outer brick (6). 7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the ratio of the cross sectional area of the forced inlet air ducts 9, 11 to the cross sectional area of the inner tube 13 to the combustion support gas is such that the outlet velocity is similar to the average supply rate of the forced inlet air. Device characterized in that. 8. The device according to claim 6, wherein the separated outer bricks (6) are vertically staggered with respect to the inner bricks (8). 7. The rich gas supply line (14) according to claim 6, wherein each rich gas supply line (14) has a support collar (15) for supporting the bottom internal brick (6) near the bottom flue roof (4) and under the collar the forced inlet air and combustion waste gas. Apparatus, characterized in that it has an image supply chamber (16) for the supply of, which is connected to the passage (11). 14. A method according to claim 13, characterized in that the annular chamber (16) has a tangential connection spigot (17) connected with the main pipe (20) for forced inlet air and combustion waste gas. 15. The device according to claim 14, characterized in that the diaphragm or control valve (18) is located between the spigot (17) and the main pipe (20) to regulate the amount of feed to the burner. 7. The main pipe (20) according to claim 6, wherein dispersion and supply of forced inlet air are split in each supply line (19) and extended to a double wall tube, regardless of the presence or absence of mixed combustion waste gas in a known method for rich gas dispersion. A device characterized in that it is directed from the nozzle base down to the oven roof by each supply line (19). 18. The valve according to claim 16, wherein the main tube (20) is divided into two separate tissue structures (20a, 20b), one of which is connected to an odd burner and the other of which is connected to an even burner. An apparatus characterized in that switching is carried out simultaneously with heating via (21a, 21b). 7. The air of claim 6, which is positioned in front of the forced inlet air blower (22) to adjust the ratio of the distribution device (27) and the air to combustion waste gas, while having the presence or absence of mixed combustion waste gas. The amount of which is controlled through the action of the bypass (29) and the valve (28).

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