KR880000789B1 - Method and apparatus for measuring and controlling chemical reaction amount - Google Patents

Abstract

Control of a vulcaniser, e.g. for tyres is effected by measuring the temp. of the article or mould and feeding this to a computer programmed to calculate the reaction amt. based on the temp. When the computer discerns that the reaction amt is equal to a predetermined amt.. A signal is emitted to terminate the vulcanisation. Pref. the computer is programmed to effect the temp. measurement and reaction amt. calculations at predetermined intervals and to stop the vulcanisation should the sensed temp fall below a certain minimum. Accurate control of the vulcanisation is achieved.

Description

Reaction amount measurement control method and device

1 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of a reaction amount measurement control method and apparatus according to the present invention;

2 is a circuit diagram of a star art signal generator used in the first embodiment.

3 is a circuit diagram of a preliminary termination device used in the first embodiment.

4 is a block diagram of a second embodiment.

5 shows a program of operations performed by the microcomputer in the first embodiment.

Fifth (a) is also main rutin.

Routine interrupted fifth (b).

6 is a subroutine for displaying a part of a program of operations performed by the microcomputer in the second embodiment.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

2, 2a-2f: temperature detector 10: microcomputer

24: timer 72: printer

76: low temperature limit setter

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for automatically measuring and controlling a reaction amount such as a rubber vulcanization reaction or a polymer material curing reaction.

In general, in the chemical industry, it is extremely important to control the reaction process to increase reaction efficiency, product quality, and yield.

For this reason, the present applicant can easily measure the amount of reaction at the work site as the transfer control of the reaction process, as shown in Japanese Patent Application No. 5425 and Japanese Patent Application No. 22025. A volume measuring device was developed.

This is the ratio of the reaction amount after t time at the temperature T of the reaction system to the reference reaction amount per unit time at the reference temperature To, that is, relative to the Arhenius reaction rate equation in the chemical reaction. The reaction amount (equivalent reaction amount) is calculated as a microcomputer based on the following equation (1) or an approximation equation (2), so that the change in temperature measurement and reaction time over time can be read at a glance. .

only :

U: equivalent reaction amount E: activation energy R: gas constant T: temperature To: reference temperature α: temperature coefficient t: time

In practice, the calculation according to the above formula (1) or (2) is performed according to, for example, the temperature T obtained by the temperature signal from the temperature detector installed in the reaction system, and the preset E, R, To, and α. It is performed at regular time intervals.

In the reaction measuring device, the reaction amount can be easily obtained immediately in the field, and the reaction amount cannot be automatically controlled according to the measured value.

An object of the present invention is to provide a reaction amount measurement control method and apparatus that can measure the reaction amount and control the reaction amount with high accuracy.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described according to two embodiments shown in the drawings.

The first embodiment is shown in FIGS.

In Figure 1,

Reference numeral 2 denotes a temperature detector such as a thermocouple, which is inserted into the inside of the shoulder of a reaction system such as a vulcanized tire, or is brought into contact with an outer surface of the shoulder or a reaction vessel such as a mold.

The thermocouple 2 generates a temperature signal corresponding to the temperature at the insertion or contact position.

This temperature signal is supplied to the amplifier linear riser 4, where it is amplified and linearized, and then converted into a digital temperature signal by the A / D converter 6 and supplied to the microcomputer 10 via the input / output device 8. Supplied.

In addition to the digital temperature signal, the microcomputer 10 is supplied with the reference temperature To installed in the reference temperature setter 12 via the input / output device 14 and set in the active energy setter 16. Active energy E is also supplied via the input / output device 18.

The microcomputer 10 is supplied with the star art signal generated by the star art signal generator 20 via the input / output device 22, and then the command signal generated by the timer 24 at a predetermined time interval is input / output device 26. Each time it is supplied via, it is programmed to calculate the equivalent reaction amount by the formula (1) or (2) using the digital temperature signal, reference temperature (To), and active energy (E) at that time.

As the star art signal generator 20, one as shown in FIG. 2 is used.

This closes the limit switch 33 or the mold configured to close the mold, in which the pressurized button switch 32 or the mold in which the rubber tire to be vulcanized, is closed at the same time as the charge charged in the condenser 30 via the resistor 28 is closed. In addition, the inverter 34 inverts the voltage change between both ends of the capacitor 30 generated by discharging the pulse signal generator to generate a pulse signal, thereby generating a star art signal.

When the star art signal is supplied during the reaction amount calculation, for example, by pressing the pressing button switch, the microcomputer 10 is programmed to erase all the data measured up to that point and start a new temperature measurement calculation.

The microcomputer 10 sets the reaction amount setter 36 and is supplied via the input / output device 38, for example, the reaction amount at 90% vulcanization and the reaction amount at vulcanization 100% and the calculated respective equivalent reactions. When calculated, the output signal is matched to the preliminary termination device 42 via the input / output device 40 through the input / output device 40 when the amount is greater than or equal to the reaction amount when the vulcanization is 90%. Or larger than that, the output signal is supplied to the end device 46 via the input / output device 44, respectively.

The preliminary termination device 42 is for opening the mold as soon as possible in the case of a reaction amount in which the reaction proceeds considerably even after opening the mold such as a tire, for example.

The preliminary termination device 42 is configured as shown in FIG. 3, for example, and inverts the output signal supplied from the input / output device 40 as the inverter 48, and conducts the transistor 50 as the inverted output. By operating the relay 52, the contact 54 is closed to light the light emitting diode 56, and the contact 58 is closed to generate a signal for opening the mold.

Alternatively, this signal may be supplied to a pulse generator (not shown) to generate a pulse.

In addition, after the light emitting diode is turned on, the operator can open the mold.

The terminating device 46 is also configured to light up a light emitting diode, generate a contact signal, or generate a pulse in substantially the same manner as the preliminary terminating device 42.

Thus, for example, in the case of rubber vulcanization, the mold is opened automatically or by manual operation by closing the contact 58 of the preliminary termination device 42 by being in a 90% vulcanization state, and in a state of 100% vulcanization. When the light emitting diode of the termination device 46 is turned on and taken out of the mold, the reaction amount can be controlled very accurately.

In addition, whenever the reaction amount is calculated, the reaction amount signal is supplied to the reaction amount indicator 60 via the input / output device 62 so that the reaction amount is displayed, and whenever the reaction amount is calculated, the digital temperature signal at that time is displayed on the temperature display 64. Such that the temperature from the start of the reaction is supplied via the input / output device 66 and the signal indicating the time elapsed from the start of the reaction is supplied to the time display 70 via the input / output device 68 to display the time from the start of the reaction. The microcomputer 10 is programmed.

The reaction amount and the bottom temperature are also configured to print on the printer 72 via the input / output device 73.

In general, the more frequency of temperature measurement and calculation, the higher the accuracy, but the data output to the printer 72 does not need to be output as much as the temperature measurement frequency and the reaction frequency calculation frequency, so the print frequency setter 74 If the number of times set at " 2 " is set at " 2 ", for example, the data is printed once every two times the reaction amount is calculated.

If "1" is set, printing is performed every time.

In addition, the microcomputer 10 is supplied with the lower limit temperature signal set in the lower limit temperature setter 76 via the input / output device 78, and the microcomputer 10 receives the digital temperature each time a command signal is input from the timer. When the digital temperature signal is lower than the lower limit temperature signal by comparing the signal with the lower limit temperature signal, the reaction amount at that point is set to zero, that is, programmed so as not to calculate the reaction amount.

In the case of a bulky reaction amount such as a tire, for example, it takes a relatively long time to rise in temperature, and thus the low temperature state is long. Therefore, when the equivalent reaction amount is calculated as the above formula (1) or (2), the equivalent reaction amount is small at a relatively low temperature, but since the sum is added as time, a considerable error is large when the reaction time is long, so the error In order to reduce, the reaction amount at that time is 0 when the digital temperature signal is below the lower limit temperature signal.

4 is a block diagram of the second embodiment. In the first embodiment, a plurality of temperature detectors 2a to 2f are provided in the second embodiment, while the temperature detector 2 is one. These temperature detectors 2a to 2f are respectively inserted into different positions according to the circumferential direction of the shoulder of the vulcanized tire, or the outer surface of the different positions or the other positions described above. It differs in that it contacts the corresponding mold inside.

Each temperature signal of the temperature detectors 2a to 2f is linearly amplified by the amplifier linearizer 4 in turn via the multiplexer 80, and then converted into a digital temperature signal by the A / D converter 6 and input / output. It is supplied to the microcomputer 10 via the apparatus 8.

The microcomputer 10 is a temperature signal selected by the channel number selector signal supplied from the channel number selector 82 via the input / output device 84, for example, the temperature signals of the temperature detectors 2a, 2c, and 2e. Whenever the digital temperature signal corresponding to the digital temperature signal is supplied, it is read out, and the equivalent reaction amount at the position where the temperature detectors 2a, 2c, and 2e are installed in accordance with the digital temperature signal, the reference temperature signal, and the active energy signal is read. It is programmed to calculate.

The combination of temperature detectors 2a to 2f is (2 ⁶ -1). This calculation is performed when the tire 24 issues the command signal after the star art signal has already occurred.

In addition, the microcomputer 10 calculates the arithmetic mean of the equivalent reaction amounts at the positions where the temperature detectors selected by the channel number selector, for example, the temperature detectors 2a, 2c, and 2e, are installed. Each equivalent reaction is programmed to select the maximum, minimum, or response of the specified channel.

Whether the arithmetic mean is obtained or the maximum or the smallest is selected, the selector switch 86 determines the selector signal supplied to the microcomputer 10 via the input / output device 88.

The arithmetic mean value, the maximum value, or the minimum value is compared with the set value of the reaction amount setter 36 in the same manner as in the first embodiment, when the output signal is supplied to the preliminary termination device 42 when it matches or exceeds the 90% vulcanization state. The microcomputer 10 is programmed to supply an output signal to the terminating device 46 when it coincides with or exceeds the 100% vulcanization state. It is configured in the same manner as in the other first embodiment.

Reference numeral 90 denotes a channel number indicator for displaying a sensor selected by the channel number selector 82, and 92 denotes an input / output device.

These reaction amount measurement and control devices calculate the reaction amount at predetermined time intervals, display and print the reaction amount, and compare the calculated reaction amount with a preset reaction amount, thereby automatically controlling the reaction. The work efficiency is high.

In particular, in the second embodiment, since the arithmetic mean of the plurality of reaction amounts calculated and the reaction amount set in advance can be compared, when the reaction amount is one as in the first embodiment, the accuracy of the reaction amount is high, and the reaction control, This results in higher vulcanization accuracy.

In addition, the minimum value among the plurality of reaction amounts can be compared with the set reaction amount, so that there is no lack of reaction, so that quality can be improved and uniform reaction can be performed.

In addition, since the maximum value among the plurality of reaction amounts can be compared with the set reaction amount, one point of the reaction which becomes the gel state of the article can be easily found and the reaction precision can be increased.

In addition, these reaction amount measurement control apparatus compares the lower limit temperature signal set in the lower limit temperature setter with the digital temperature signal each time the reaction amount is calculated. When the digital temperature signal is smaller than the lower limit temperature signal, the reaction amount at that time is zero. As we handle, we can eliminate error.

In other words, when the digital temperature signal is relatively small, the equivalent reaction amount calculated by Arhenius' reaction rate equation or its approximation becomes very small value, and since it is added up as time, the reaction time (t) is long. Since the calculated equivalent reaction amount includes a considerable error, in order to eliminate the error, the reaction amount at that time is zero when the digital temperature signal is lower than or equal to the lower limit temperature signal.

Therefore, since the reaction amount can be calculated with high accuracy, the control accuracy of the reaction amount is also increased.

5 shows a program of the operation performed by the microcomputer 10 in the above-described first embodiment.

In the figure, the ruoutin interrupted by the fifth routine (a) and the main routine and the fifth routine (b) are interrupted by a certain period during the execution of the mainroutine.

If the execution of the main routine is not started in accordance with the star art signal, first, in step 101, it is determined whether or not the star art flag is set.

Since the initial star art flag is not set, step 101 is repeated as shown in the drawing, but the routine is interrupted at a predetermined point, and the star art flag is set in step 116, and step 117 ), The contents of the temperature memory are erased.

Therefore, the program proceeds to step 102 to determine whether or not the command signal from the target 24 is input.

If not inputted, this step is repeated, but if a command signal is applied, the process proceeds to step 103 and the temperature measured value T at that time is written to the temperature memory.

In the next step 104, the temperature T is compared with a predetermined lower limit value, and if it is equal to or more than the lower limit value, the equivalent reaction amount U 'is calculated by the following equation (3) in step 105.

However, if it is less than or equal to the lower limit, then Ui is zero in step 105 '.

Next, in step 106, the following equation (4) is used.

U ₁ = U _1-1 + U ₁ (4)

However, as Uo = 0, it starts at i = 1.

In the next step 107, after Ui, the count value of the counter built in step 108 is advanced by one, and in step 109 it is displayed on the indicator together with the temperature T and time t.

Next, in step 110, if the count value reaches the set value by comparing the count value of the counter with the value set in the print count setter 74, in step 111, the values of U, T, t are returned to the print machine. In addition to printing, the counter is reset, but if the set value is not reached, step 111 is passed to step 112.

In step 112, the calculated value of U is compared with the set value corresponding to the predetermined vulcanization 90%, and when the set value is reached, a preliminary end signal is issued in step 113, and in the next step 114, If the set value is reached in comparison with the set value corresponding to the predetermined vulcanization 100%, the end signal is issued in step 115 to terminate the program.

However, if U has not reached the set value in step 112 or 114, the process returns to the first step 101 and repeats the same operation. FIG. 6 shows a part of a program of an operation performed by the microcomputer 10 in the second embodiment described above.

As shown, the subroutine is inserted between steps 108 and 109 of the main routine in FIG. 5 (a).

Therefore, other operations are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment, but the temperature in step 103 is a plurality of temperatures specified by the channel number selector 82, and therefore, steps 104, 105, and 109. The same operation is performed with respect to these some temperature also in.

In step 108, the counter proceeds to step 120 in FIG. 6, and it is determined whether the selector signal from the selector switch 86 specifies an average value, a maximum value, or a minimum value.

According to this result, the average value Umean, the maximum value Umax or the minimum value Umin of U is respectively calculated in the following steps 121a, 121b or 121c, and the following steps 122a, ( In 122b) or 122c, Umean, Umax or Umin is stored as the value of U, respectively.

Therefore, subsequent steps 109, 111, 112, 113, 114, and 115 are processed for this U.

As described above, in the above-described embodiments, since the star art signal generator is provided, measurement, calculation, and control can be automatically started when the vulcanization press is closed, and by closing the press button switch of the star art signal generator. All the data flows measured up to that point can be cleared to start a new temperature measurement, calculation and control.

In addition, in both embodiments, the printing frequency setting device is provided, so that the measurement temperature and the reaction amount are printed by filtering out the setting frequency during the measurement calculation. In the above embodiments, a thermocouple is used as the sensor, but a platinum resistor or the like can also be used.

In the above embodiments, the measured reaction amount was compared with the set reaction amount set in the reaction amount setter, and the opening and closing of the mold was performed by operating the preliminary termination device and the termination device according to the result. If you change the program to remove the terminator, the terminator, and only measure the amount of reaction, you can use the reaction amount measuring device.

Claims (4)

At least one temperature detector 2 installed on the inside, outer surface or vessel of the reaction system, a calculation function for calculating the reaction amount according to the temperature signal of the temperature detector, and the reaction amount agree with the set reaction amount set before Or a microcomputer 10 having a comparison function for generating an output signal for terminating the reaction when the set reaction amount is exceeded or the set reaction amount, and a multiplexer 80 for supplying the temperature signal to the microcomputer. And the channel number selector 82 for supplying the channel number selection signal for selecting the temperature detector to the microcomputer, and the selector switch 86 for selecting the function of the microcomputer. And a timer 24 for performing at predetermined intervals, wherein the arithmetic function is performed when the temperature signal is less than or equal to a preset lower limit temperature by the microcomputer. Reaction control quantity measuring device, characterized in that it is arranged to stop. The reaction amount measurement control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the microcomputer has a switch for starting operation of the arithmetic function and the comparison function. The reaction amount measurement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the microcomputer has a printer (72) configured to print for each set value of the print recovery setter (74) of the respective reaction amounts sequentially calculated. Control unit. The reaction amount is calculated at predetermined intervals according to the temperature signal from at least one temperature detector 2 set in the inner, outer surface, or vessel of the reaction system, and the reaction amount is compared with the preset reaction amount set in advance. Reaction amount measurement control method characterized in that an output signal is generated when the set reaction amount matches or exceeds the set reaction amount, and the calculation of the reaction amount is not performed when the temperature signal is a predetermined lower limit temperature. .

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