KR860001205B1 - Safety descent device - Google Patents

Abstract

The descent device has a rotating spool carrying a wrapped cable mounted within a casing. The spool rotates about a fixed shaft in a sealed chamber containing a viscous liq.. A series of alternating, closely adjacent, flat, parallel, rotatable and nonrotatable discs are mounted in the sealed chamber and extended radially from the shaft. As the cable is payed out from the device, movement of the rotatable discs through the fluid creates a frictional drag which slows the descent rate to a relatively constant, safe speed.

Description

Portable safety lowering device

1 is a perspective view of a seat belt attached to a device according to the present invention.

2 is an exploded perspective view of the device according to the invention.

3 is a cross-sectional view of the device according to the invention.

4 is a partial side view showing one end of the cable attached to the sprue.

5 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a tangle preventing guide device of a cable according to the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: lowering device 2: housing

4: belt 6: buckle

8: cable 10: top of the cable

12: connecting member 14: pile

16: window sills 18: metal connection loop

20 flange 23 lug hole

24: reverse slot 26: outer body

28: housing cover 30: sprue

32: sprue process cylinder part 34: side flange

36: side member 38: sealed chamber

40: fixed shaft 42, 44: hexagonal hole

46, 48: screw holes 50, 52, 54, 56: disk

60, 62, 64: annular disk 66: protrusion

68: slot 70: space ring

72 and 74: nylon bearing member 76: hexagonal shaft portion

78, 80: cylindrical part 82, 84: hexagonal tip part

86, 88 hole 90: screw

92: screw hole 94: fluid

96: gasket 100: hole

102: rectangular opening 104: clamp

110: slot guide device 112: cable guide device

114: clasp

The present invention mainly relates to a device for safely lowering an object on a high ground to a ground, and particularly to a small portable safety lowering device that can be used to escape to the ground in an emergency in a place such as a tall building, which is a high place. It is about.

The task of lowering heavy objects from a high place to the ground is not an easy task, and in particular, a recent special interest is focused on the safety of people on the upper floors of high-rise apartments, office buildings, hotels and the like. In the event of a fire or other emergency, people on the upper floors of the building must be quickly escaped. When a fire breaks out, the general escape route in the building is closed and the convenient fire truck ladder has limited vertical capability.

Many different portable rail and line devices have been proposed in the art, but this allows the rope or cable to lower itself and unload itself from the rail at a controlled speed.

In general, these devices are divided into two different bundles, the first bundle reducing the descent speed by friction brake means and the second bundle reducing the descent speed by rotating the rotating rigid body in the viscous liquid. Examples of phosphorus second bundles are well shown in US Pat. Nos. 3,847,377, 439,191 and 4,088,201. Such mechanical devices have generally proved unreliable. That is, it is difficult to adjust the specific friction required to obtain the desired descent speed, and since too much heat is generated in the mechanical device, the descent speed has a great effect on the descent speed, and the heat exhibits the function of the descent device. Used to be a cause of inability to do so.

Although an improved emergency escape device has been proposed in US Pat. No. 4,088,201, which was invented by one of the inventors of the present invention, in the above device, the cable is wound around a spun built into the housing, and the housing is a viscous fluid. It consists of a portion extending in the direction of the axis forming a chamber with a rotating member in it.

Since the rotating member rotates in the viscous fluid, the falling speed of the person attached to the cable is controlled by the frictional force between the rotating member and the viscous fluid.

The present invention provides an improved safety lowering device in which the lowering speed is controlled by a rotating member in a viscous fluid, wherein the device of the present invention is a high efficiency, low cost, and in fact a long term storage period and an absolutely safe small safety lowering device. .

With a sprue having an internal cavity prime mover which forms a sealed chamber filled with the fluid of the present invention, a series of parallel disks or plates are installed inside the housing and rotated or fixed alternately. As the cable is pulled out of the housing, the sprue rotates inside the housing so that the stationary and moving plates in the chamber produce a shoulder input proportional to the rotational speed of the sprue.

Thus, the viscosity of the fluid and the spacing of the plates are chosen so that the average person has a relatively constant descent rate of 4 feet per second.

The present invention provides an escape device that can be provided and reused in a compact safety lowering device that can be manufactured in absolute safety and easily, and that the cable is inserted into the housing so that it becomes inoperable. The portable safety lowering device according to the present invention comprises a housing, a sprue having an internal hollow cylinder rotating inside the housing, a portion extending out of the housing through a cable and a hole wound on the sprue. The shaft fixedly mounted to the housing extends in the axial direction through a spun mounted to be rotated about the shaft. The sprue is a co-cylindrical body and the walls of the sprue form a sealed inner chamber with a viscous fluid, such as a silicone fluid. A plurality of parallelly spaced discs with flat and radially extending surfaces are installed in the sealed chambers above which are alternately fixed or rotated.

When described in detail according to the accompanying drawings, the present invention as described above are as follows.

In FIG. 1, the lowering device 1 is constituted by a casing or a housing 2 to which a belt 4 is attached to securely bind a person or an object to be lowered to the ground by the lowering device. The buckle 6 is used to adjust the length of the belt to the size of the object to be lowered to the ground. The belt is a metal connecting loop through the flange 20 or lug hole 22 at the bottom of the device. 18) and the cable 8 is released from the housing as the object descends to the ground.

The top 10 of the cable is tied to the stationary object in the living room, as shown in FIG. 1, or attached to the building. That is, the cable is mounted to the connection member 12 fixed to the pile 14 sandwiched in the window sills 16 and the like.

The unusual method of attaching the device according to the invention to a building is not related to the invention and can be installed in various ways, and the device may be installed away from the window to exclude the case of inhaling smoke while descending.

The internal structure of the lowering device 1 according to the present invention is best shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, and the housing 2 is composed of an outer body 26 and a housing cover 28, which is the cover 28. Is properly clamped by screws extending radially through the threaded holes 46 on the periphery of the outer body 26 and the threaded holes 48 arranged on the cover in correspondence therewith. The sprue 30 is composed of a rotatable body 32 rotatably installed in the housing and integrally cast with the side flange 34 and a side member 36 of the sprue fastened to the sprue by screws. It is.

As shown in FIG. 2, the radially disposed nase 900 extends through a hole in the spoof side member 36 and is connected with a screw in a hole 92 on the side of the spoof cylinder.

The cable 8 is wound around the spun cylinder and extends outward through the reverse slot 24 in the slot guide device 110.

The interior of the spoof is a cavity and the sealed chamber 38 is formed when the spoof side member 36 is properly tightened. The rotor and stator of the series of disks have opposing ends that are mounted around a fixed shaft 40 extending axially through the housing and are not fixed to the opposite housing wall. Hexagon end portions 82 and 84 of the fixed shaft 40 are slidably inserted into the hexagonal holes 42 and 44 in the housing outer body 26 and the housing cover 28 so that the shaft can rotate in the housing. Is fastened.

Cylindrical portions 78 and 80 are spaced apart from the opposite hexagonal tip of the shaft, and the long central hexagonal shaft portion 76 is slightly larger in diameter than the hexagonal tip.

Four equally spaced parallel disks 50, 52, 54, and 56 are installed in the central hexagonal shaft portion 76, which are located in the center of the hexagonal hole, which is slightly larger than the diameter of the shaft. This eliminates the relative rotation of the shaft and the fixed disk when the disks are in place. Three identical annular disks 60, 62, 64 are attached to the spun and rotate with it, located in the space between the fixed disks, the rotating disks being spaced equally in the quadrant of each rotating disk arc. It is attached to the sprue by the projecting projections 66 radially arranged.

The protrusion fits into a slot 68 located inside the sprue cavity cylindrical portion 32. The rotating disk has a circular hole having a diameter larger than the largest portion of the hexagon in the center section of the fixed shaft 40, so that the disk can be freely rotated around the shaft. Both the stationary and rotating disks are thin flat circular members with flat parallel sides. Rotating disks or fixed disks are installed on the shaft and spaced by a plurality of washers or space rings 70.

The above spatial rings are used to maintain a suitable distance between the rotating disks and the fixed disks and also serve as a seal that allows fluid to move along the axis. The same nylon bearing members 72, 74 having multifunction are installed in the cylindrical portions 78, 80 of the shaft by press fit. These bearings extend through circular openings on the sides of the spool and reduce the relative friction of the rotation around the sprue's rotation. In addition to rotatable installation of the sprue, these slides are also provided with seals to prevent fluid leakage around the shaft and the inner flange portion of the sleeve allows the outermost holding disk to be separated from the spoof wall. It is used as a ring.

The sealed chamber 38 is formed in the annular inner part of the sprue and is filled with viscous fluid, and the gasket 96 is installed around the spherical body around the spherical body at the position where the sprue body is adjacent to the side member 36. Prevent fluid leakage.

The annular passage is filled with a viscous fluid, such as dimethyl polysitoxane, a commonly suitable and useful fluid is a Dow Corning 200 fluid, which has a viscosity of about 200,000 to 2,000,000 cs (centistokes) at 25 ° C. It is a clean silicone liquid.

However, the preferred viscosity range is close to the bottom of 200,000-300,000 CS. These fluids are thermal conductors that dissipate heat through the metal housing in addition to effectively slowing down the rapid rotation of the disks. The viscous fluid exerts a slowing action on the cavity inner surface of the sprue which forms the outer wall of the annular sealed chamber 38 and the close arrangement of the rotating disk and the fixed disk in the chamber is relatively to provide additional frictional force. Provides a large surface area.

The nature of the fluid is of great importance for the device of the present invention. When installed for the first time use of the device, the fluid warms up rapidly and the viscosity of the fluid decreases unexpectedly quickly by heat transfer through the housing.

It is important for the fluid to have a relatively flat viscosity / temperature curve since the initial fluid temperature will quickly rise to 120 ° C. to higher. As the temperature increases, the decrease in viscosity is preferably less than about 4500 CS / C between about 0 ° C. and 120 ° C., and moreover, it is important that the fluid does not have predominantly thixotropicity.

That is, viscosity reduces shear forces that are not substantial.

The viscosity of the fluid is preferably less than 20% less viscous when measured using a 6 or 7 spindle between 1 rpm and 100 rpm with a Brookfield viscometer.

The alternating use of flat rotating disks and fixed disks allows the use of individual rotating parallel disks or fixed disk disks to increase the exposed surface area of the fluid in the volume of very small chambers. The typical size of the disc is about 3 mm thick, about 40 mm in diameter and about 0.75 mm gap between the discs. Depending on the special design of the device and the weight of the object to be lowered, more or fewer fixed and rotating disks may be used.

The minimum number of disks is three and the maximum number is determined by the cost, the weight of the object to be dropped and the practicality. In general, the total number of disks is between four and eight, but the most suitable number is between five and seven. . The fluid 94 in the sealed chamber can be any fluid having the property of reducing the rotating friction of the sprue to give the desired descent rate. The spacing between the fixed and rotating discs is very important and is usually between 0.015 and 0.1 inches, but about 0.025 to 0.4 matches is appropriate for models designed for loads of about 60 to 300 pounds.

Typically this spacing is determined by the function of the weight to be lowered, the desired rate of descent, the viscosity of the fluid and the contact surface between the disk and the fluid. One end of the cable 8 was fitted through a hole 100 in the sprue wall located in the radial direction of the outer wall of the sealed chamber and secured to the sprue itself. The tip of the cable 80 is mounted in a general crimping clamp 104 as shown in FIG. 4 and compressed into a rectangular opening 102 in the spoof wall.

This arrangement prevents the shape of the cable tip being disturbed as the spun rotates. The other end of the cable 8 extends outwards through an inverted slot 24 of the cable guide 110 installed in a rectangular window in the cylindrical housing body. The clasp portion of the cable guide, having the same width as the winding machine, prevents the cable from twisting as it extends in the dashed direction in the wound cable and is released from the inside of the housing. The cramped part pressurizes the windings to prevent the tightly wound cable from releasing when not in use. Of course, the variation of the various materials and structures of the device of the present invention is easy for those skilled in the art, and the housing, the spun, and the shaft disk are preferably made of metal, and the aluminum may be used as a particularly strong and light good thermal conductor. have. The amount of traction that is exerted by sprue rotation is influenced by the size and spacing of the discs, the number of discs, the speed of the viscous force and the properties of the fluid such as thixotropy and other similar factors.

Also important is air which has been separated and dissolved by the fluid before being inserted into the sealed chamber. In general, the rate of descent is directly proportional to the weight of the object, and a desirable goal for the design of the device should be a ratio of about 4 feet per second when a 250 pound object is falling.

The operation of the device of the present invention is explained with reference to what was previously used for rapid escape from a high rise building in an emergency.

The device of the present invention can be installed in each room of a building and a person can carry a small device with him or her when traveling.

When there is a need to escape from a high-rise building in the event of a fire or emergency, the top of the cable (10) with spring-actuated clamping means mounted on the building can be quickly and securely fastened to a permanent part of a window or other nearby device attached to the building. To fasten the support belt (4) to the waist of the person who wants to escape, then automatically loosen the cable (8) from the housing (2) by carefully lowering itself downward. After reaching the ground, the cable can simply be cut from the housing itself or the housing can be disconnected from the spool by opening the housing. If it is easy to get inside the building, unscrew the cable's top and rewind the cable to the spool.

The housing and internal components can be reused with new cables, saving the cost of purchasing a whole new structure.

Claims (4)

A spool having a housing and an inner community rotatably installed in the housing, an extension extending into the housing through a hole formed therein, the fixed shaft extending axially through the spool, A chamber installed inside the spool to seal the viscous fluid, at least one fixed disk extending radially from the axis within the chamber, and a plurality of rotating disks installed in parallel with the fixed disk at regular intervals. Portable safety lowering device consisting of. The portable safety lowering device according to claim 1, wherein the total number of the rotating disk and the fixed disk is at least four. The portable safety lowering device of claim 1, wherein the rotating disks are disposed at an interval of about 0.015 inch (0.004 cm) to 0.1 inch (0.025 cm) from the fixed disk. The method of claim 1, wherein the viscous fluid contained in the chamber has a viscosity of about 200,000 to 300,000CS at 25 ° C and the viscosity decreases to 4500CS / C or less at 0 ° C to 120 ° C. Portable safety lowering device.

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