KR860000749B1 - Printer head - Google Patents

Abstract

The transducer(51) extended by an electroexpansive longitudinal effect, actuates a lever(77) through a bendable plate(56). Preferably, the plate actuates a first arm(53) having an end which provides the fulcrum. Another bendable plate(79) actuates a second arm(76) having an end which exerts the power to the lever. The plates are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the transducer axis. The lever is actuated differently by the arms. When such lever actuators are combined into an impact printer head, a guide for printing elements carried by the respective levers are used in preventing the levers from excessive excursing.

Description

Lever driver and printer head consisting of longitudinal-axis effect electric expansion transducers to prevent driver deterioration

1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a dot matrix printer composed of a conventional transducer block having a reverse piezoelectric transverse effect.

2 is a schematic perspective view of a piezoelectric transducer block used in a lever driver according to the present invention.

3 is a schematic perspective view of an electrostrictive transducer which may be used in a lever driver according to the invention.

4 is a schematic side view of a conventional lever driver having a longitudinal effect electroexpansion transducer block.

5 is a perspective view of a lever driver according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

6 is a perspective view of a cup-shaped portion used in the lever driver shown in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a plate connection which may be used for the lever driver shown in FIG.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an insulated portion having a separate cup-shaped portion that can be used with the plate connection shown in FIG. 6 in the lever drive shown in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a side view when the lever driver shown in FIG. 5 is in operation. FIG.

10 (a), 10 (b) and 10 (c) are perspective views of a modified plate-shaped portion that can be used in the lever driver shown in FIG.

11 is a perspective view of a lever driver according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

12 is a perspective view of a lever driver according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

13 is a perspective view of a lever driver according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

14 is a perspective view of a lever driver according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

15 is a perspective view of a lever driver according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

16 is a side view of the lever driver according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.

17 is a side view of a lever driver according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

18 is a side view of a lever driver according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

19 is a side view of a lever driver according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.

20 is a side view of the lever driver according to the eleventh embodiment of the present invention.

The 21st (a), the 21st (b), the 21st (c), the 21st (d), the 21st (e), the 21st (f), the 21st (g) 21 (h), 21 (i), 21 (j) and 21 (k) are side views of several lever parts used in the lever drive according to the invention.

22 is a perspective view of a lever driver according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention.

23 (a), 23 (b) and 23 (c) are schematic diagrams for use in explaining the operation of the lever driver shown in FIG.

24 is a perspective view of a lever driver according to a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.

25 is a perspective view of a lever driver according to a fourteenth embodiment of the present invention.

26 (a), 26 (b) and 26 (c) are schematic diagrams for use in explaining the operation of the lever driver shown in FIG.

27 is a perspective view of a lever driver according to a fifteenth embodiment of the present invention.

28 is a perspective view of a lever driver according to a sixteenth embodiment of the present invention.

29 is a perspective view of a lever driver according to a seventeenth embodiment of the present invention.

30 is a perspective view of a lever driver according to an eighteenth embodiment of the present invention.

31 is a perspective view of a lever driver according to a nineteenth embodiment of the present invention.

32 is a perspective view of a lever driver according to a twentieth embodiment of the present invention.

33 is a partial cutaway perspective view of an impact printer head in accordance with an aspect of the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

41, 42: piezoelectric plate 43: metal plate

46, 47: electrode 45: printing element

48: power 49: platen

51: converter block 53: lever

54, 55: electrode 56: first plate-shaped portion

57: second plate-shaped portion 58: third plate-shaped portion

61: first cup-shaped portion 62: second cup-shaped portion

63: rod-shaped portion 64: plate connection

65: separate cup-shaped insulation 66: passage

71 bar-shaped member 73 bar portion

74: livestock portion 75: additional portion

79: plate-shaped part 81: first auxiliary part

82: second auxiliary part 85: stopper

87, 88, 89: spring 91: holder

92 lever driver 95 rod guide

96: shoulder portion

The present invention relates to a driver composed of a lever and a longitudinal effect electric expansion transducer for driving the lever.

Longitudinal effect An electroexpansion transducer is a transducer that, in a broad sense, constitutes a transducer block with a longitudinal distortion effect.

The lever driver according to the invention is particularly useful as an impact printer unit for use in combination with a number of similar impact printers as the impact printer head of a dot matrix printer.

The invention relates in particular to the mechanical construction of a lever drive although a longitudinal effect electroexpansion transducer is used.

As will be apparent from the following description, the transducer block is in the form of an axial extension. In response to the drive voltage supplied to the converter block in the axial direction, a stress is generated internally for extending or contracting the converter block. It is to be understood that when contraction is a type of expansion, unless compression and tension are a concern, the word "electric expansion" also includes the meaning of "electric compression."

The transducer block has a pair of end faces. One end face is supported by the base member of the driver and the other end face moves relative to the base member in response to the stress. The lever is supported by the lever support at one point, which is called the support point. The stress generated inside the transducer is transmitted to the lever as power or force on another point, which is called the power point. In an impact printer device, the printing element is carried to the other point by weight or load by the lever, which is called the weight point, even when no special weight such as printing element is carried by the lever. Call.

Longitudinal effect The actuator consisting of an electric expansion transducer is Mr. Parker. (C) US Pat. No. 2,614,486, issued to Parker C. Smiley and assigned to Physics International Company; Berne F. Granted to La Verne F. Knappe, a child. B. M. US Pat. No. 3,649,857, assigned to IBM Corporation. As will be described later with reference to the accompanying drawings, the longitudinal effect electric expansion transducer is better in such a driver than the transducer with reverse piezoelectric transverse effect or the like.

As will be described later with reference to some of the accompanying drawings, in the conventional actuator of the above-described type, when the lever is driven, stress is typically generated in the transducer block, thereby lowering the actuator. In this regard, it is worth noting that the transducer is strong for compressive stress but weak for tension and bending stress. Moreover, when driven, the base member is deformed. Therefore, the converter block, i.e., the interface between the converter block and the base member, and the base member are degraded. Incidentally, the occurrence of bending stress means that electrical energy is consumed during the bending of the transducer and other things. Therefore, the efficiency of converting electrical energy into mechanical energy or kinetic energy is also lowered.

Therefore, the main object of the present invention is to provide a lever driver composed of a longitudinal effect electric expansion transducer block, in which the driver does not deteriorate even when the lever is driven.

Another main object of the present invention is to provide a lever driver of the type described above in which bending stress is hardly generated in the transducer block.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a lever driver of the above-described type, which provides sufficient kinetic energy with a low drive power moved by a lever.

It is an additional object of the present invention to provide a lever driver of the type described above in which less tensile stress is generated in the transducer block.

Another additional object of the present invention is to provide an impact printer head composed of a plurality of lever drivers of the type described above.

The lever driver employed in the present invention is an elongated longitudinal effect electroexpansion transducer block having a block axis and first and second end faces orthogonal to the block axis, and a reversible response within the converter block, in a direction parallel to the axis. And an electric field generating device for generating an electric field having a direction in the transducer block parallel to the axis so as to translate the first end face in relation to the second end face. The frame member has a base portion, a field point and a power point disposed on the intermediate surface including the shaft, a lever portion having a weight point, an elastic portion connecting the support point to the base portion, and a first end surface at the power point. Coupling device for joining with. And a connecting device for connecting the second end surface to the base portion to move the lever portion to move the weight point. According to the invention, it consists of a connecting device for connecting the second end surface to the base portion for driving the lever. According to the present invention, the lever driver comprises a plate-shaped main part, in which the coupling device has a main base surface of one body, operatively engaging the first end face to the power point and disposed substantially parallel to the axis perpendicular to the plane. It is characterized by.

According to one aspect of the invention, the major surfaces are disposed on both sides of the shaft.

According to an aspect of the present invention, the frame member includes a first arm portion having first and second selection points and a third selection point disposed on a plane, a second arm portion having fourth and fifth selection points, An elastic portion connecting the first selection point to the base portion, having a pair of second surfaces disposed substantially parallel to the main surface, and operatively coupling the first end surface to the second selection point to the main surface and the second surface. A first plate having a plate-shaped second part, a first part axis, which is arranged on both sides of the axis and connecting the weight point to the fourth selection point so that the first partial axis is sandwiched between the weight point and the fourth selection point. And a second portion having an additional portion and a second partial axis and connecting the third and fifth selection points so that the second partial axis is sandwiched between the third and fifth selection points.

Preferably the stress expands inversely. In a preferred case, the lever driver may comprise a spring device for pressing the second end face along the block side towards the first end face.

According to the present invention, there is provided an impact printer head having a plurality of lever drivers of one of the forms described above. The print head preferably consists of a rod guide having a hole that allows the rod portion of the printing element moved on each lever to slide. The rod guide acts as a device for suppressing the tensile stress generated in each transducer block when the lever is driven by the stress generated in the transducer block. When each lever driver is in accordance with the form of the invention described later, the printing element is moved by the second arm portion.

Referring to FIG. 1, a conventional impact printer unit is shown to facilitate understanding of the present invention. Assume that the printer unit utilizes the piezoelectric transverse effect of the piezoelectric material. The reverse piezoelectric effect is simply referred to as the piezoelectric effect.

First and second piezoelectric plates 41 and 42, each having a predetermined thickness, are attached to both surfaces of elastic metal plate 43 to provide plate assemblies 41-43. One end of the metal plate 43 is formed with (46) and (47) on the exposed surfaces of the piezoelectric plates 41 and 42 before fixing the assembly to the base member. The piezoelectric plates 41 and 42 are prepolarized in a direction perpendicular to the metal plate 43. In other words, the direction of polarity in the figure is horizontal. For example, the polarization jumps to the left, as indicated by the arrow P '.

The metal plate 43 is grounded. Electrodes 46 and 47 are connected to one terminal of power source 48, which has another grounded terminal and supplies, for example, a driving voltage of (+) 200 volts to electrodes 46 and 47. . The drive voltage generates an electric field parallel to the polarization in the piezoelectric plates 41 and 42. In the first piezoelectric plate 41, the electric field is opposite to polarization. The electric field in the second piezoelectric plate 42 coincides with polarization.

The piezoelectric transverse effect expands and contracts the piezoelectric material in a direction perpendicular to the electric field. Therefore, it can be assumed that the first and second piezoelectric plates 41 and 42 respectively contract and expand to bend the assembly. The original curved layer passes through the metal plate 43. The printing element 45 participates in the printing operation by moving to the left in the figure and printing dots on the recording medium preliminarily arranged on the platen 49.

In order to sufficiently move the printing element 45 at a satisfactory speed by the piezoelectric transverse effect, the printing element 45 must be preliminarily biased away from the platen 49. Therefore, the power supply 48 must apply a bias voltage of opposite polarity to the driving electrodes to the electrodes 46 and 47 before applying the driving voltage to the electrodes 46 and 47. This bias voltage is also needed when the transverse distortion effect is inherent. Therefore, as used herein, the word "why" is used in a narrow sense.

Typical electroexpandable materials or piezoelectric ceramics such as for example lead zirconate titanate, and electrodistortic ceramics such as for example manganese niobate. Each electrically expanding material exhibits both longitudinal and transverse effects. The longitudinal effect causes contraction and expansion in the electric field direction. As described in connection with FIG. 1, the piezoelectric material must be preliminarily polarized. Polarization does not occur in electrowarped materials.

One of these electroexpansion materials will be selected and described from now on. With the longitudinal effect, larger electromechanical coupling coefficients are achieved than the transverse effect (generally more than double). The efficiency of converting electrical energy into mechanical energy is thus very high (coefficient equal to the square of the ratio of the electro-mechanical coupling coefficients, ie by five times). Therefore, about 5 times larger mechanical energy can be obtained with the same driving. In addition, the longitudinal effect gives a stress <coefficient equal to the ratio of poisson, i.e., three times greater than the transverse effect. Therefore, mechanical energy is stored in the material per unit volume (coefficient equal to the ratio of pores, ie by nine times). Accordingly, the same amount of mechanical energy can be stored in a small volume (about 1/9) to provide kinetic energy to the printing element 45 illustrated in FIG. It also eliminates the need for preliminary biasing of the printing elements and provides high speed printing to the impact printer unit.

Referring to FIG. 2, the piezoelectric converter block of the type described in the Smiley and Knape patents described above is composed of a plurality of piezoelectric parts. Since the internal electrodes are alternately arranged between the primary group and the secondary group, the piezoelectric parts are stacked together. Since the internal electrodes are alternately arranged between the primary group and the secondary group, the piezoelectric parts are stacked together. The electrodes of the primary group are connected to a first external electrode attached to one side of the stack. Likewise, the secondary group of electrodes is connected to a second external electrode attached to the opposite side of the stack. These piezoelectric parts are polarized in a direction perpendicular to the internal electrodes. The detection of polarization is reversed in successively stacked portions, as indicated by arrows P ₁ and P ₂ . Preferably the piezoelectric parts have predetermined thicknesses.

Referring to FIG. 3, the structure of the electro-distortion converter block is similar to that when there is a longitudinal effect. No polarization is performed. Prewarped materials are characterized by little hysteresis. Therefore, the electro-distortion transducer can be activated repeatedly at higher frequencies than the piezoelectric transducer.

Referring to FIG. 4, a conventional lever driver having a longitudinal effect electric expansion transducer block 51 is shown to aid in the understanding of the present invention. One end face of the block 51 is attached to the base portion 52 of the frame member, and the other end face is attached to a lever 53 which has a free end and is integral with the frame member. The first and second external electrodes described with reference to FIGS. 2 or 3 are denoted by 54 and 55.

When the converter block 51 is expanded, the free end of the lever 53 is raised as shown in the figure. As shown enlarged, the converter block 51 is curved. At least, the bending stress is generated in the transducer block 51. This lowers the actuator as pointed out so far. In addition, it is very difficult to thin the thickness of the electrical expansion transducer block 51.

5 and 6, the lever driver according to the first embodiment of the present invention is composed of a frame member and an extended longitudinal effect electric expansion transducer block 51. As shown in FIG. The frame member consists of a base portion 52 and a lever portion 53 between others. The converter block 51 is composed of a pair of external electrodes (not shown) as described with reference to FIG.

The transducer block 51 has a block axis perpendicular to the drawing and has first (upper in the figure) and second (lower in the figure) end faces orthogonal to the axis.

The lever portion 53 has a support point and a power point on the intermediate plane including the block axis. This plane is so called because at least a portion of the lever driver described above is symmetrical on both sides of the plane. The lever portion 53 has a weight point at or near the free end. The weight point may or may not exist in the plane. When the lever driver is used in the impact printer unit, the printing element 45 (FIG. 1) is attached to the lever portion 53 as a wade which causes the rod portion of the printing element 45 to have an axis aligned with the weight point.

As described in connection with FIG. 1, the lever driver also includes an electric field generating device for generating an electric field in the transducer block 51 in a direction parallel to the axis. More specifically, the electric field has the meaning of successively inverting at each internal electrode as described with reference to FIG. 2 or FIG. The field generator is illustrated as a line or electrical connection between the external electrode and the power source 48 (FIG. 1), which eliminates the need to supply the external electrode with the bias voltage described in connection with FIG. By the longitudinal effect, the electric field generates stress in the transducer block 51, causing the first end face to translate relative to the second end face in a direction parallel to the axis.

The stress preferably expands or extends the transducer block 51 inverted.

The frame member includes an engaging portion for operatively coupling the first end face of the transducer block 51 to the power point of the lever portion 53. The engagement portion includes a first plate-shaped portion 56 having a pair of first major surfaces disposed perpendicular to the intermediate plane and parallel to the axis. The first pair major surfaces are disposed on both sides of the axis. The connecting portion connects a second plate-shaped portion 57 operatively connecting the second end face to the base portion 52 and having a second pair major surface disposed in an extension of each first pair major surface. Include. The elastic portion connects the support point of the lever portion 53 to the base portion 52. The resilient portion consists of a third plate-shaped portion 58 which connects the supporting point to the base portion 52 and has a third pair main surface disposed perpendicular to the plane and forming a predetermined angle, such as a right angle to the axis. do. In the example shown, one end of the third plate-shaped portion 58 is integrally formed with the end face of the base portion 52. The end face may be formed integrally with the base portion 52 as shown in FIG.

In the example shown, the engagement portion also includes a first cup-shaped portion 61 formed integrally with the first plate-shaped portion 56.

The first cup-shaped portion 61 fits into this portion of the transducer block 51 adjacent the first end face. The two bottom surfaces, partly shown in FIG. 6 of the cup-shaped portions 61 and 62, are firmly attached to the converter block 51 with adhesive, solder or the like. In the case of relatively fragile materials, such as electroexpandable ceramics, the cup-shaped portions 61 and 62 have good mechanical properties with the joining portion 56 and the connecting portion 57 where the converter block 51 is shown as a plate-shaped portion, respectively. It is very effective in maintaining contact.

The frame member may be made of metal or plastic material such as stainless steel. Preferably, the frame member consists of the various parts described above which are as integral as possible. Both the joining part and the connecting part or one part thereof should be made of a separate separating member when at least one of these parts consists of the cup-shaped part 61 or 62. This separating member may be made of a material different from that of the rest of the frame member.

Depending on the material, this separating part can be integrated with other parts with solder, adhesive or the like to form the frame member. The two internal electrodes may be arranged at the end face of the converter block 51 and may belong to different ones of the first and second groups. Under such circumstances, electrical insulation must be provided at least in part of the metal frame member, i.e. at the interface between the joining or connecting portion and the converter block end face.

7 and 8, the rod-shaped portion 63 is firmly fixed to the plate connecting portion 64 that is identical in shape to the first or second end surface of the transducer block 51 (FIG. 5). The separated cup-shaped insulating portion 65 has a bottom surface on the opposite side of the outer surface shown in FIG. The insulating portion 65 snugly receives the plate connecting portion 64 whose exposed surface is in contact with the branch surface, and also receives this portion of the converter block 51 adjacent the first or second end surface. The bottom surface of the insulation portion 65 has a passage 66 through which the rod-shaped portion 63 extends. Both the joining portion and the connecting portion, or one of them, may be composed of a combination of rod-shaped portion 63, plate connecting portion 64, and insulating portion 65 instead of the plate-shaped portion 61 or 62. Can be. The external electrodes are preferably included in the converter block portion housed in the insulation portion 65.

Referring again to FIGS. 5 and 8, the plate-shaped portions 56 and 57 are firmly fixed to the plate connecting portions such as 64, respectively, or the plate-shaped portions 56 and 57 integrally with the plate connecting portions. ) Is preferable. It is also possible to replace a plate-shaped portion, such as 56 or 57, with a rod-shaped portion 63 in which the opening 66 is modified. The insulating portion 65 may be omitted.

Referring to FIG. 6, the support and weight points of the lever portion 53 are adjacent to their length. The expansion in the transducer block 51 is transmitted to the power point and the base portion 52 via coupling and connecting portions, which may be indicated by the reference numerals 56 or 63 and 57 or 63. As long as the support point is held by the base portion 52 through the third plate-shaped or elastic portion 58, the lever portion 53 is counterclockwise in the figure around the axis of rotation perpendicular to the intermediate plane and approximately passing through the support point. Driven by.

As a result, the weight point of the lever portion 53 is raised in the figure. For use in dot-matrix printers, a rotation angle of about 1 degree is sufficient. In any case, each displacement is provided to the lever portion 53 by a translational movement of the first end face of the transducer block 51 with respect to the base portion 52.

As enlarged in FIG. 9, each plate-shaped portion 56-58 is curved. In the extreme case, the block axis may no longer exist between the major surfaces of the first plate-shaped portion 56 and may not exist between the major surfaces of the second plate-shaped portion 57. The transducer block 51 is hardly curved so that bending stress is hardly generated therein. This eliminates the deterioration of the lever driver caused by the bending stress.

The plate-shaped portions, in particular the first and second plate-shaped portions 56 and 57, are preferably rigid in the longitudinal direction and elastic in the thickness direction. The plate-shaped portions 56 and 57 may have a larger dimension vertically in the middle plane than in the block axial direction. Even in this case, the dimension parallel to the axis is referred to herein as the length because power or stress transfer is most prevalent. In order to reduce the bending stress that may occur in the transducer block 51, the straight line defined by the power point and the support of the lever portion 53 is preferably essentially perpendicular to the block axis.

Referring to FIGS. 10 (a) to 10 (c), the plate-shaped portion 56 or 57 may be composed of a thick portion 67 and a thin portion 68. The thick portion 67 has a pair of major surfaces, which serve as two major surfaces of the plate-shaped portion 56 or 57. The thin portion 68 is integrated with the thick portion 67 and has a thickness thinner than the thick portion 67. Thin portion 68 may be provided by forming recess 69 in plate-shaped portion 56 or 57. Optionally, the thin portions 68 can be manufactured separately and firmly secured to the pair of thick portions 67 with adhesive, solder, or the like, depending on the material. As a result, the recess 69 is formed again. As shown in FIG. 7, the recess 69 may also be formed in the rod-shaped portion 63. The rod-shaped portion 63 can be said to be equivalent to the plate-shaped portion 56 or 57. The two major surfaces are equally limited by a pair of tangents. When the recess 69 is formed, the rod-shaped portion 63 also consists of a thick portion 67 and a thin portion 68. The recess 69 of the rod-shaped portion 63 can only be recessed from one main surface. In any case, any of these portions 56, 57, and 63, whether with or without recesses, is essentially a plate-shaped portion. The rod-shaped portion 63 is less favorable than the plate-shaped portion 56 or 57, especially when the recess 69 is formed around the circumferential surface as shown in FIG. 7. This is because side slippage of the lever portion 53 occurs in relation to the intermediate plane.

Referring to FIG. 11, the lever driver according to the second embodiment of the present invention is composed of similar parts denoted by the same reference numerals. The predetermined angle formed by the two major surfaces of the block axis and the third plate-shaped portion 58 is zero degrees when no electric field is generated in the converter block 51. The angular displacement given to the lever portion 53 is somewhat larger than that achieved by the lever driver described with reference to FIG. This is because the support point is maintained at almost the initial level even when the lever portion 53 is driven. Referring to FIG. 12, the lever driver according to the third embodiment of the present invention is similar to that described with reference to FIG. It is structured. The first and third plate-shaped portions 56 and 58 are fixed at both sides to the lever portion 53. This makes it possible to make the distance between the support point and the weight point shorter than in the lever driver described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 11.

Referring to FIG. 13, the lever driver according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is composed of similar parts denoted by the same reference numerals. Base portion 52 has a coplanar surface symmetrical on both sides of the intermediate plane and forms a predetermined angle with the block axis as long as no electric field is generated in transducer block 51. The angle selected is 90 ° in the example shown. The coplanar surfaces do not have to be the two leg ends of the base portion 52. The elastic portion 58 is composed of a bar-shaped member 71 having a bar axis disposed perpendicular to the middle plane. The bar-shaped member 71 is composed of an intermediate portion fixed to the support point of the lever portion 53. The pair of ends are integral with the middle portion along the bar axis and fixed to the coplanar surface respectively. Preferably the bar-shaped member 71 is of circular metal rod. Optionally, the bar-shaped member 71 may in particular have a rectangular cross section or an elliptical cross section at the end. A recess may be formed between each end, such as in the middle portion and the rod-shaped portion 63 (FIG. 7).

As long as the bar-shaped member 71 has a length larger than the width of the lever portion 53, the lever driver becomes thicker than that described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 11 to 13. However, it can be easily secured to the engaging and elastic portions 56 or 63 and 58 using the bar-shaped members 71 on both sides of the lever portion 53.

Referring to FIG. 14, the driver according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention is configured as similar parts denoted by the same reference numerals. The illustrated frame member has a bar portion 73 having first, second and third selected points, in addition to the lever portion 53, the first plate-shaped portion 56 or 63, the elastic portion 58 and the like. ). When the lever portion 53 is called the first lever portion, the bar portion 73 acts as the second lever portion, as can be seen clearly. The first, second and third predetermined points correspond to the support point, the power point and the weight point of the second lever portion 73. The frame member also has an elastic portion 74 connecting the first point to the base portion 52 and an additional portion 75 having a partial axis and connecting the second point to the weight advantage of the first lever portion 53. ). The partial axis is disposed between the second selection point and the weight point. It is preferred that the first and second select points be on an additional plane that includes the support and weight points of the first lever portion 53 and is parallel to the block axis. The relative translational movement of the first end face of the transducer block 51 is amplified twice by the first and second lever parts 53 and 73 for delivery to the third apex.

Depending on the situation, it can be understood that the second lever portion 73 is only one lever portion of the frame member. The first to third selection points are respectively the support point and the power point weight point of the lever portion 73. In this case, the engaging portion is the arm portion 53 having the fourth, fifth and sixth selection points, the elastic portion 58 connecting the fourth selection point to the base portion 52, and the fifth selection point to the transducer. The first plate-shaped portion 56 or 63 connects to the first end face of the block 51 and the additional portion 75 connects the sixth point to the power point of the lever portion 73. The connection portion is composed of an elastic portion 74 for connecting the support point of the lever portion 73 to the base portion 52.

Referring to FIG. 16, the lever driver according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention is composed of similar parts denoted by the same reference numerals. In contrast to the lever driver described with reference to FIG. 15 with the lever portion 73 having an angle-shaped bar, the lever portion 73 shown is a straight bar.

Referring to FIG. 17, the lever driver according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention is composed of similar parts denoted by the same reference numerals. The stretch portion 74 and the additional portion 75 are attached to the other surfaces of the lever portion 73.

Referring to FIG. 18, the lever driver according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention is configured to be driven differentially as will be apparent later. Similar parts are designated by like reference numerals. Base portion 52 has a pair of parallel angles on transducer block 51. As shown, the pair of leg end faces of each leg portion is of a high planer. Incidentally, the base portion 52 also includes a beam portion integrally constituting the leg portion at a portion remote from each leg end surface to provide a channel-shaped base portion.

In addition to the first lever portion 53, the first plate-shaped portion 56 or 63, and the elastic portion 58 fixed on the coplanar surface, the frame member is provided with the first and second arm portions 76 and 77. ). The first arm portion 76 acts as a second lever portion and has first, second and third selection points. The second arm portion 77 acts as a third or differentially driven lever portion and has fourth, fifth and sixth peaks. The frame member also includes an elastic member 78 for connecting the first vertex to another coplanar surface, an additional plate-shaped portion 79 for connecting the second vertex to the first end face of the transducer block 51, and And a first auxiliary portion 81 connecting the four peaks to the weight points of the first lever portion 53 and a second auxiliary portion 82 connecting the third and fifth peaks. Similarly, the second subsidiary portion 82 has a second partial axis between the third and fifth set points.

The weight point of the first lever portion 53 and the third peak of the first arm portion 76 move in approximately the same direction in a different or almost inverted sense. In the example shown, the weight point and the third peak point move in a direction substantially parallel to the coplanar surface of the leg portion. The weight point and the third selection point move left and right in the drawing, respectively.

Like the first plate-shaped portion 56 or 63, the additional plate-shaped portion 79 has a pair of sub major surfaces disposed almost parallel to the first pair main surfaces, which is offset from the block axis. Should be Instead, the first pair and the additional pair should be arranged at almost equal intervals on both sides of the block side. When the plate connecting portion (indicated by 64 in Fig. 7) is fixed to the first plate-shaped portion 56 or 63, the additional plate-shaped portion 79 must be fixed to the plate connecting portion.

In this case, it is convenient to understand that the plate connection portion is constituted by the converter block 51.

The second straight line defined by the first and second peaks of the first arm portion 76 is preferably on the intermediate plane. The third selection point need not be on the intermediate plane. The plate-like portion 79 or 63 is also preferably composed of thick and thin portions as described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 10 (a) to 10 (c).

The first plate-shaped portion 56 or 63 provides a force to the power point of the first lever portion 53. The force acts as one of the bonds on the first lever part 53, the other being used to bend the elastic part 58. The other bond acts on the coplanar surface of the leg. Therefore, the first plate-shaped portion 56 or 63 exerts a first force on the first end face of the transducer block 51. Likewise, the additional plate-shaped portion 79 or 63 exerts a second force on the first end face. The first force and the second force are preferably equal in size to each other, parallel to the block axis, and directed toward the first end surface. In this case, the connecting portion may simply be a layer of adhesive or solder.

The leg portions do not need to be parallel. Also, the leg end faces do not have to be the coplanar surface. Even in this situation, it is preferable that the channel-shaped base portion 52 be less deformed when the second arm portion 77 is driven. The energy consumed to deform the base portion 52 is reduced.

In some cases, the differentially driven lever portion 77 is connected to the base portion 52 by a coupling portion composed of the first lever portion 53, the elastic portion 58, and the first auxiliary portion 81. It can be understood that it has an elastically coupled support point.

The first plate-shaped portion 56 or 63 should be understood as part of the engagement portion. The differentially driven lever portion 77 is formed of the converter block 51 by means of a connecting portion consisting of a second lever portion 76, an additional plate-shaped portion 79 or 63 and a second auxiliary portion 82. It has a power point connected to one end surface. The elastic portion 78 should be included in the connection portion. Optionally, the engaging portion is connected to the first end face of the converter block 51 by a connecting portion consisting of a second lever portion 76, an additional plate-shaped portion 79 or 63 and a second auxiliary portion 82. It has a power point. The elastic portion 78 should be included in the connection portion. Optionally, the engaging portion consists of a portion enclosed with the second lever portion 76. The connecting portion is composed of the first lever portion 53 and the like. It is also understood that the coupling and coupling portions are first and second coupling or coupling portions, respectively, and the first and second lever portions 53 and 73 are first and second bars or arm portions, respectively.

In relation to the embodiment described with reference to FIG. 18, the smiley patent provides an embodiment in which the differential movement of a pair of lever portions is used to amplify the movement of each lever portion. However, this embodiment allows the use of a separate transducer block for each lever portion. There is nothing that Smiley has suggested to use a single converter block when driving the third lever part differentially. In another embodiment of the Smiley patent, a pair of protruding portions of blocks or portions contact one end of the transducer block and act on a single curved beam or lever portion supported at a pair of support points. The curved lever portion and the amplified movement of the midpoint are used to move the single rod. However, amplification is less than that achieved by conventional single lever or rigid single lever portions. There is nothing that Smiley has suggested to use a pair of protrusions, couplings or joints when moving a pair of individual lever parts.

Referring to FIG. 19, the lever driver according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention is written in aborted portions denoted by the same reference numerals. In this example, the weight point and the third peak point move substantially perpendicular to the coplanar surface of the base portion 52. The weight point and the third peak point move downward and upward in the drawing, respectively.

Also referring to FIG. 20, the lever driver according to the eleventh embodiment of the present invention is composed of parts indicated by the same reference numerals. The elastic and stretchable portions 58 and 78 are parallel and perpendicular to the block axis, respectively. The leg portion has different lengths.

Referring to FIGS. 21 (a) to 21 (k), each lever is composed of bars L, first and second in-point connections Q and R, and a remote connection S. FIG. The first and second connections Q and R are used as connections to the support and weight points of the lever, respectively. The remote lever S is used as a connection to the weight point. The levers can be one of the first to third grades as referred to in the art. Bar L can be straight or L-shaped. The bar L can also be deformed so that the connections Q and R and the remote connections S cross at an angle to each other at each expansion. Respective first and second lever portions 53 and 73 of the lever drivers described with reference to FIGS. 15 to 17, and respective first of the lever drivers described with reference to FIGS. 18 to 20. The appropriate one can be selected from the levers exemplified as the third lever portions 53, 76, and 77.

Referring to Fig. 22, another lever driver in the twelfth embodiment of the present invention is composed of similar parts denoted by the same reference numerals as in Figs. 5 and 11-14. The illustrated lever driver also includes a stopper 85 having an end fixed to the base portion 52 and a free end adjacent to the lever portion 53.

Referring to FIGS. 23 (a) to 23 (c) in addition to FIG. 22, it is assumed that a square wave driving pulse voltage is applied to the converter block 51 as shown in FIG. 23 (a) for a predetermined period. The abscissa in Figs. (a) to (c) represents the time t. The transducer block 51 is about to expand. The lever portion 53 has a predetermined inertia. Primarily due to inertia, the weight point is initially in place as shown in (b). Thus, compressive stress is generated in the transducer block 51. Before the weight point moves, the compressive force has a maximum magnitude C as shown in (c).

The weight point soon begins to move as shown in (b). After a short time interval, the weight point then reaches a special excursion point corresponding to the expansion of the transducer block 51. The compressive force decreases to zero. However, the lever portion 53 continues to rotate. Therefore, the tensile stress becomes large in the transducer block 51 as shown on the negative side of the compressive force.

If the lever driver does not include the stopper 85, the weight point continues to move as shown by the dashed line in FIG. In the meantime, the tension becomes large as shown by the dashed line curve in the diagram (c) until the first maximum size T ₁ is reached at any one moment. The maximum tension T ₁ is approximately equal to the maximum magnitude C of the compression force. At this moment, the weight point reaches the first maximum derailment point and then moves toward the stop point. Depending on the application period of the driving voltage, the tension may or may not decrease to zero to return to the compressive force. At any rate, the weight returns to the stop.

The stopper 85 limits the derailment to the second maximum derailment point A ₂ , as illustrated by the solid curve in FIG. As a result, the tension is limited to the second maximum size T ₂ , as shown by the solid line curve in (c). The tension can be limited from the first maximum size T ₁ to the second maximum size 2 maximum size T ₂ by the coefficient 4 or 5.

Using numbers, for example, when the impact energy provided by the lever portion 85 is 6,000 erg, the first maximum size T ₁ is 20 kg. A second maximum size T ₂ by the stopper plate 85 may be a 5kg. If the converter block 51 has a cross section of 2 mm x 3 mm, the tensile strength of the electrically expanding ceramic material is typically 300 kg / cm 2.

The transducer block 51 is broken when the tension reaches a breaking size T 'of 18 kg. The transducer block 51 is broken with a tension of the first maximum size T ₁ . The tension of the second maximum size T ₂ never damages the transducer block 51 even if it is repeatedly applied.

The stopper 85 may appear to contradict the above requirement for increasing the deviation of the printing element 45 (FIG. 1) in a dot matrix printer. However, the printing element 45 actually provides a shock to the recording medium before reaching the first initial derailment point A ₁ . In other words, the deviation of the lever portion 53 is limited when the lever driver is used for the impact printer head. Therefore, it does not matter whether the stopper 85 is present or not during the normal operation of the printhead. It should be noted that the gap adjustment between the print head and the platen 49 (FIG. 1) is necessary to optimize the printing impact. In addition, the operation of only the print head is necessary at the time of operation. In either case, the derailment of the lever portion 53 is not limited without the stopper 85. The impact printer head is therefore impractical without the stopper 85.

Referring to FIG. 24, similar parts as shown by the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 15 to 17 are constructed in the lever driver according to the thirteenth embodiment of the present invention. The combination of lever portions 53 and 73 usually has greater inertia than the single lever portion 53 used in the lever driver described with reference to FIGS. 22 and 23 (a) to 23 (c). Therefore, the stopper 85 plays a very important role.

Similar parts as indicated by the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 15 to 17. The engaging portion is integral with the first plate-shaped portion 56 or 63 and has a projection 86 projecting in the transverse axis of the first pair main surface. A tension coil spring 87 having a pair of coil ends is disposed between the protruding portion 86 and the base portion 52, with the coil ends facing the first end face of the converter block 51 toward the second end face. Kept pressed. The spring 87 generates a predetermined amount of compressive stress in the transducer block 51 along the block axis whether or not there is an electric field in the transducer block 51.

Referring to FIGS. 26 (a) to 26 (c) together with FIG. 25, the converter block 51 as shown in FIG. Assuming that is applied to, the weight point of the lever portion 73 is not initially separated from the stop point as shown in FIG. 26 (b) as in FIG. 23 (b). Assume that the tension coil spring 87 generates a static compressive force magnitude C ₂ shown in FIG. 26 (c) in the axial direction in the transducer block 51.

If the spring 87 is not used, the compressive force at this moment has a first maximum size C ₁ equal to the maximum size C described in connection with FIGS. 22 and 23 (a) to 23 (c). The stress generated in the transducer block 51 changes as indicated by the dashed line curve in FIG. 26 (c). Compressive forces and tensions are indicated as positive and negative, respectively. The first maximum size T ₁ of tension is the same as that shown in FIG. 23 (c).

In the lever drive shown in FIG. 25, the spring 87 increases the compressive force to the second maximum size C ₂ at the moment the weight point has not yet moved from the stop point. As long as the electro-expandable ceramic withstands the compressive force, increasing the compressive force from the first maximum size to the second maximum size C ₂ causes no problem as far as the breakdown of the converter block 51 is concerned.

In either case, the second maximum magnitude T ₂ of tension is reduced by the difference corresponding to the static compressive force C _{3. In} addition to the numerical examples described so far, it is assumed that the compressive strength of the electrically expanding ceramic material is 2,000 / cm 2 or more. would. When the first maximum tension T ₁ is 20 kg as described above, the stop size C _s can be as large as about 100 kg with respect to the converter block 51 having the above-described cross-sectional area. In order to suppress the second maximum tension T ₂ below the breaking size T 'of 18 kg, the static compression force C _s can be only about 2 kg.

However, if the magnitude of the static compression force C _s is too large, it becomes unsatisfactory in terms of energy consumption. Nevertheless, in the illustrated example, the static compression force C _s is preferably about 15 kg.

Referring back to FIG. 25, the fixed end of the leaf spring (not shown) is fixed to the protruding portion 86, and its free end can be slipped so that a part of the base portion 52 can slide as in the example described below. The compression force can be generated in the converter block 51 along the block axis. The fixed end may be fixed to the base portion 52 and the free end may be able to slide the protrusion 86.

Referring to FIG. 27, the lever driver according to the fifteenth embodiment of the present invention is composed of similar parts denoted by the same reference numerals. A pressing spring 88 having a pair of coil ends is inserted between the base portion 52 and the first lever portion 53, which may be called a bar portion as described above. The coil spring 88 is for directing the first end face of the converter block 51 along its block axis to its second end face. For this purpose, the base portion 52 has a base portion surface perpendicular to the intermediate plane. Bar portion 53 has a bar portion surface that faces the base portion surface almost parallel. The coil end is received by the base surface and the bar surface. In the example shown, the bar partial surface is provided by the bottom surface of the recess to snugly receive the coil spring 88. As long as the pressing coil spring is used, there is no need to use a hole as shown in FIG. 25 to hold each coil end. Further, the concave portion becomes good because the coil spring 88 can be used even if the space between the base portion 52 and the bar portion 53 is good. Such a recess may be formed only in the bar portion 53 or may be formed in both the base portion 52 and the bar portion 53.

The first lever portion 53 amplifies the compressive stress generated in the coil spring 88 by the rotation or driving of the second lever portion 73. When the compressive force is amplified by the first coefficient of 5, in the case of the numerical example described above, the compressive force generated in the coil spring 88 is only 3 kg. Depending on the relationship between the base surface and the partial surface, the pressure coil spring is good, but it may be necessary to use tension coil springs (not shown).

Referring to FIG. 28, the lever driver according to the sixteenth embodiment of the present invention is similar in structure to the lever driver described with reference to FIG. The leaf spring 89 is replaced with the coil spring 88.

Referring to FIG. 29, the lever driver according to the seventeenth embodiment of the present invention is composed of similar parts denoted by the same reference numerals. A pressure coil spring 88 having a pair of coil ends is inserted between the base portion 52 and the second lever portion 73, which may simply be called a lever portion. It is inserted between the base portion 52 and the second lever portion 73, which may simply be called the lever portion. Base portion 52 has a base portion surface perpendicular to the intermediate plane. The lever portion 73 has a lever portion that faces substantially parallel to the base surface. The coil ends are received by the base surface and the lever surface as described with reference to FIG.

The first and second lever portions 53 and 73 operate to amplify the compressive force generated in the coil spring 88 in two stages. When amplified to the first coefficient 5 and the second coefficient 10 by the first and second lever portions 53 and 73, the compressive force generated in the coil spring 88 can be only about 300 g.

Referring to FIG. 30, the lever driver according to the eighteenth embodiment of the present invention is similar in structure to the lever driver described with reference to FIG. The leaf spring 89 is replaced with the coil spring 88.

Referring to FIG. 31, the lever driver according to the nineteenth embodiment of the present invention is composed of similar parts denoted by the same reference numerals. A pressing coil spring 88 having a pair of coil ends is inserted between the first and second lever parts 53 and 73, which may be called respective bar parts and lever parts. Bar portion 53 has a bar portion surface perpendicular to the intermediate plane. The lever portion 73 has a lever portion surface that faces the bar portion surface almost in parallel. The coil ends are received by the bar part surface and the lever part surface as described in connection with FIG.

The compressive force generated in the coil spring 88 is amplified by the total coefficient n ₁ / (n ₂ -n ₁ ). N ₁ and n ₂ are the first and second coefficients, respectively. Therefore, according to the example of the numerical figure described above, it is sufficient to be generated in the coil spring 88 of the compression force of only 330g.

Referring to FIG. 32, the structure of the lever driver according to the twentieth embodiment of the present invention is similar to that of the lever driver described with reference to FIG. The leaf spring 89 is replaced with the coil spring 88.

With respect to the lever driver described with reference to FIGS. 25 and 27 to 32, it should be noted that similar coils and leaf springs, etc., are used in the various embodiments of the Smiley patent described above. Indeed, there is described in this patent the effect of helping to keep the lever in place by holding the transducer under compression when a return spring such as an integral leaf spring is not biased. According to another part of the patent, this spring is simply used to provide great restoring force to the lever. Therefore, Smiley is believed to have used these springs merely to help restore the lever to its stop. Compression is a simple result. According to Smiley, it is not meaningful to use tension springs between the end blocks of the transducer or between the pins.

In contrast, the springs 87, 88 and 89 used in the lever drive described with reference to FIGS. 25 and 27 to 32 are retained in the converter block while no electric field is generated in the converter block 51. It is intended to generate a compressive force. As described with reference to FIGS. 26 (a) to 26 (c), this is for suppressing the tensile stress generated in the transducer block 51 below the breaking strength. The optimum compression size is also determined.

Finally, referring to FIG. 33, an impact printer head for use in a dot matrix printer according to one aspect of the present invention comprises a holder 91 and a plurality of lever drivers 92, each of which is shown in FIG. It is in the form described with reference to. The lever drivers 92 are arranged in two rows. The holder 91 may be made of metal, plastic or other similar material. Depending on the material, the base portion of each lever driver 92 is fixed to the holder 91 by adhesive, solder or the like.

The printing element 45 (FIG. 1) is attached to the weight point of the lever part of each lever driver 92. As shown in FIG. Therefore, each lever driver applies as a printing element driver in each impact printer unit. Each printing element 45 has a rod portion.

In order to guide the printing elements so that the ends of the printing elements can each reach a predetermined printing position, the rod guide 95 is configured by the holder 91. This rod guide 95 may be made of a separate member and may be fixed to the holder 91. A plurality of holes are drilled through the rod guide 95 to guide each rod portion to slide.

The rod guide 95 can be used as a common stopper for the lever portions of all the lever drivers 92. Optionally, an arm of the type described in relation to FIG. 24 may be attached to the holder 91 or to the base portion of the lever drives arranged in line along each row, as described in relation to FIG. 24. have. As another alternative, the shoulder 96 of the holder 91 may be used as a common topper for a lever holder arranged in line with the lever portions adjacent the shoulder 96.

Although various embodiments and modifications of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art can easily practice the present invention in various ways. As a simple example, the lever driver 92 used in the impact printer head described with reference to FIG. 33 may be one of the lever drivers according to the present invention, and may have a different structure. In this case, it is preferable that the printing element of each printer unit gives a constant printing impact to the recording medium preliminarily arranged on the platen 49 (FIG. 1).

Claims (41)

(Correction) A longitudinal longitudinal effect electric expansion transducer block having a frame member, a block axis and having first and second end faces perpendicular to the block axis, and generating an electric field in a direction parallel to the block axis in the converter block. An electric field generating device for generating a translational movement of the first end face relative to the second end face in a direction parallel to the block axis by generating a reversible stress in the block, wherein the frame member is formed on an intermediate plane including the base portion and the block axis. A lever portion having a support point and a power point and a weight point disposed at the base portion, an elastic portion connecting the support point to the base portion, a coupling device for operatively connecting the first end surface to the power point, and a second end surface at the base portion. In the lever driver composed of a connecting device for moving the weight point by generating a displacement driving the lever part by connecting to the portion, And a plate-shaped first portion operatively coupling the first end surface to a power point and having a pair of first major surfaces perpendicular to the intermediate plane and disposed substantially parallel to the block axis. (Correction) The lever drive according to claim 1, wherein the plate-shaped first portion is rigid in the longitudinal direction and elastic in the thickness direction. (Correct) The lever drive according to claim 2, wherein the first major surfaces are arranged on both sides of the block axis. (Correct) The plate-shaped second of claim 3, wherein the connecting device operatively connects the second end surface to the base portion and has a pair of second major surfaces disposed on an extension of the first major surface. Lever drive, characterized in that consisting of parts. (Correct) The lever drive according to claim 4, wherein the straight line defined by the support point and the power point is substantially perpendicular to the block axis. (Correction) The method of claim 4, wherein at least one of the first and second portions consists of a thick portion and a thin portion, wherein the thick portion is two major surfaces of one of the first and second portions. And a pair of major surfaces acting as a function, wherein the thin portion is integrated with the thick portion and is thinner than the thick portion. (Correct) The method according to claim 4, wherein the coupling device comprises a first cup-shaped portion integrally formed with the first portion and adapted to snugly receive this portion of the transducer block adjacent to the first end face. And a second cup-shaped portion integrally formed with the second portion and adapted to snugly receive this portion of the transducer block adjacent the second end face. (Correction) The method according to claim 4, wherein the coupling device has a first coincidence with the first end face and has a first plate connection part integrally formed with the first part, and has a first bottom surface and is in contact with the first bottom surface. And a first separating cup-shaped insulating portion adapted to snugly receive the first plate connection and to receive this portion of the transducer block adjacent to the first end face, the first bottom surface extending through the first portion. Having a first opening, the connecting device having a contour coincident with the second end face and having a second plate connection part integrally formed with the second part, a second bottom surface and in contact with the second bottom surface; A second separating cup-shaped insulator adapted to receive the second plate connection snugly and allow the transducer block adjacent the second end face to receive this portion, the second bottom surface extending through the second portion. Having a second opening The lever actuator, characterized by. (Correction) The method according to claim 4, wherein the elastic portion has a pair of third major surfaces connecting the supporting point to the base portion and arranged perpendicularly to the intermediate plane, wherein the elastic axis is selected from the block axis when the electric field is not generated in the transducer block. And a lever-shaped third portion forming an angle. (Correction) The method according to claim 4, wherein the base portion has a pair of coplanar surfaces that form a predetermined angle with the block axis when no electric field is generated in the transducer block, and the elastic portion is disposed perpendicular to the intermediate plane. And a bar-shaped member having a shaft, the bar-shaped member comprising a middle portion fixed to the support point and a pair of ends bent integrally along the bar axis and fixed respectively to the coplanar surface. (Correction) The lever drive according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the stress is a reversible expansion force. (Correction) The method according to claim 11, further comprising a limiting device for limiting the deviation of the lever portion driven by the displacement, so that the lever portion responds to the displacement in the absence of the limiting device to the maximum magnitude of the tensile stress generated in the transducer block. A lever drive characterized in that at the moment it starts to move, it becomes 1/5 to 1/4 of the compressive stress generated in the transducer block. (Correction) The transducer according to claim 11, comprising a spring device for pressing the first end face toward the second end face along the block axis, the transducer being instantaneously moving in response to the displacement in the absence of the spring device. A lever drive, characterized by generating a static compression force in the transducer block of 1/5 to 1/4 the magnitude of the variable compressive stress generated in the block. (Correction) The method according to claim 13, wherein the spring device is a coil spring having a pair of coil ends, and the coupling device is integral with the first part and includes a projecting portion projecting across the first main surface, wherein the coil Lever drive, characterized in that the ends are respectively supported by the base and the protrusion. (Correction) The method according to claim 13, wherein the spring device is a leaf spring having a free end and a fixed end, and the coupling device is integral with the first part and includes a protrusion projecting across the first main surface, One part of the base overhang is arranged so as to face the other part of the base part and the lug part perpendicular to the middle plane and has a part surface for receiving the free end so as to be slidable, the fixed end being the base part and the leg part. The lever drive, characterized in that fixed to the rest of the. (Correction) The method according to claim 13, wherein the spring device is a coil spring having a pair of coil ends, the base portion having a base portion surface perpendicular to the intermediate plane, and the lever portion facing substantially parallel to the base portion surface. And a lever portion surface, the coil ends being received on the base portion surface and the lever portion surface, respectively. (Correction) The lever drive according to claim 16, wherein the lower surface of the base portion surface and the lever portion surface is the bottom surface of the concave portion for accommodating one coil end portion properly. (Correction) The method according to claim 13, wherein the spring device is a leaf spring having a free end and a fixed end, wherein one of the base part and the lever part is perpendicular to the intermediate plane and transverse to the block axis in the base part and the lever. And a part surface arranged to face the remaining part of the part and slidably receiving the free end, wherein the fixed end is fixed to the remaining part of the base part and the lever part. (Correction) The method according to claim 4, wherein the frame member is inserted between the arm portion having the first and second selection points, the elastic portion connecting the first selection point to the base portion, and the second selection point and the weight point. And an additional portion having a partial axis and connecting the second select point to the weight point. (Correction) The method of claim 19, wherein the stress is a reversible expansion force, and the maximum magnitude of the tensile stress created in the transducer block is limited in the absence of the limiting device, including a limiting device for limiting the deviation of the lever portion driven by the displacement. And at least one fifth to one fourth of the compressive stress generated in the transducer block at the moment the lever portion begins to move in response to the displacement. (Correction) 20. The device of claim 19, wherein the stress is a reversible expansion force, and includes a spring device for pressing the first end face toward the second end face along the block axis so that the lever portion responds to the displacement in the absence of the spring device. A lever drive characterized by generating a static compression force in the transducer block of 1/5 to 1/4 of the magnitude of the variable compressive stress generated in the transducer block at the moment of movement. (Correction) The method according to claim 21, wherein the spring device is a coil spring having a pair of coil ends, the base portion having a base surface perpendicular to the intermediate plane, and the arm portion facing parallel to the base surface. And an arm portion surface, the coil ends being received by the base portion surface and the arm portion surface, respectively. (Correct) The lever drive according to claim 22, wherein at least one of the base portion surface and the arm portion surface is the bottom surface of the recess for accommodating one coil end snugly. (Correction) The method according to claim 21, wherein the spring device is a leaf spring having a free end and a fixed end, wherein one of the base part and the rod part faces the other part of the base part and the rod part perpendicular to the plane. And a part surface receiving the free end so as to slide freely, wherein the fixed end is fixed to the remaining part of the base part and the arm part. (Correction) The method according to claim 21, wherein the spring device is a coil spring having a pair of coil ends, the lever part having a lever part surface perpendicular to the plane and intersecting the block exit, and the arm part being in contact with the lever part surface. And an arm portion surface facing in parallel, wherein coil ends are received by the lever portion surface and the arm portion surface, respectively. (Correction) The lever drive according to claim 25, wherein at least one of the lever portion surface and the arm portion surface becomes the bottom surface of the recess to fit one coil end snugly. (Correction) The method according to claim 21, wherein the spring device is a leaf spring having a free end and a fixed end, so that one of the lever part and the arm part faces the rest of the lever part and the arm part perpendicular to the plane. And a part surface disposed to receive the free end and slidably, wherein the fixed end is fixed to the remaining part of the lever part and the arm part. (Correct) The second arm according to claim 2, wherein the frame member has a first arm portion having first and second selection points and a third selection point disposed on a plane, and a fourth and fifth selection points. Part, an elastic portion for connecting the first selection point to the base portion, a pair of second major surfaces disposed parallel to the first major surface, and the first end face being operatively connected to the second selection point for the first It has a plate-shaped second part for placing the main surface pair and the second main surface pair on both sides of the block axis, the first partial axis and connects the weight point to the fourth selection point so that the first partial axis is the weight point and the fourth part. A first additional portion to be inserted between the select points. And a second additional portion having a second sub axis and connecting the third and fifth select points to allow the second sub axis to be inserted between the third and fifth select points. And the translational movement moves the third predetermined point in the direction of movement of the weight point in a different sense. (Correction) 28. The method of claim 28, wherein the first and second forces exerted on the first end face by the first and second parts are equal in magnitude and directed toward the first end face in parallel to the block side. Lever drive characterized by. (Correction) The method of claim 29, wherein the base portion comprises a pair of leg portions on both sides of the transducer block, each leg portion having a leg end surface. And the elastic portion connects the support point to one leg end face, and the elastic portion connects the first predetermined point to the other leg end face. (Correction) The method of claim 30. And a beam portion for integrally joining the leg portions at a remote portion from the leg end face to form a channel in the form of a channel. (Correction) 28. The pair of major surfaces of claim 28, wherein each of the first and second portions consists of a thick portion and a thin portion, the thick portion acting as two major surfaces of each of the first and second portions. And a thin section integrated with a thick section and thinner than a thick section. (Correct) The method according to any one of claims 28 to 32, wherein the stress is a reversible expansion force, and the lever driver is generated in the converter block including a limiting device for limiting the deviation of the lever portion driven by the displacement. Wherein the maximum magnitude of tensile stress is such that, in the absence of the restrictor, the lever portion is one fifth to one fourth of the compressive stress generated in the transducer block at the moment the lever portion begins to move in response to the displacement. (Correction) The method according to any one of claims 28 to 32, wherein the stress is a reversible expansion force, the lever driver includes a spring device between the base portion and the second arm portion, and the spring device in the absence of this spring device. At the moment when the lever portion begins to move in response to the displacement, the block axis is moved to the first end face to generate a fixed compressive stress in the transducer block that is about one fifth to one fourth of the variable compressive stress generated in the transducer block. Lever accordingly pressed toward the second end face. (Correct) The lever drive according to claim 34, wherein the spring device is a coil spring each having a pair of coil ends supported by a base portion and a second arm portion. (Correction) The method according to claim 34, wherein the spring device is a leaf spring having a fixed end and a free end, wherein one of the base portion and the second arm portion is perpendicular to the intermediate plane of the base portion and the second arm portion. And a part surface arranged to face the other part and slidably receiving the free end, wherein the fixed end is fixed to the other of the base part and the second arm part. (Correction) An elongate longitudinal effect electroexpansion comprising a plurality of printer units and holders, each printer unit having a printing element, a frame member, a block axis and having first and second end faces orthogonal to the block axis. An electric field for translating the first end face with respect to the second end face in a direction parallel to the block axis by generating an electric field in the converter block in a direction parallel to the block axis by generating an electric field in the converter block in a direction parallel to the block axis. It is composed of a printing element driver composed of a generator, and a frame member has a base portion, a lever portion having a support point and a power point disposed on an intermediate plane including a block axis, and a weight point to which the printing element is attached, and a support point is attached to the base portion. A first coupling device for operatively coupling, a first coupling device for operatively coupling the first end face to a power point And a coupling device for moving the printing element by displacing the lever portion by connecting the second end surface to the base portion, and the holder holding the printing element driver of each printer unit to In a print head which causes the printing elements to be arranged to reach each of the predetermined printing positions, a coupling device in each printing element driver couples the first end face to a power point in each printing element driver and is perpendicular to the middle plane. A print head comprising a plate-shaped portion having a pair of major surfaces disposed substantially parallel to the block axis. (Correction) 38. The apparatus of claim 37, comprising a limiting device for limiting the deviation of the lever portion driven in each printing element driver by displacing the first end surface in relation to the second end surface. And the maximum magnitude of the tensile stress applied is between 1/5 and 1/4 of the compressive stress generated in the transducer at the moment the lever portion begins to move in response to the displacement in the absence of the limiting device. (Correction) The printhead according to claim 38, wherein the limiting device is composed of an arm fixed to a base portion of at least one printing element driver. (Correct) The printhead according to claim 38, wherein the holder is composed of a shoulder serving as a limiting device for at least one printing element driver. (Correction) 39. The rod guide according to claim 38, wherein each of the printing elements is composed of a rod portion, and the rod portions of each of the printing elements of the holder are formed of a rod guide having a hole through which the slide can pass. A printer head arranged to act as a limiting device.

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