KR850001551B1 - Process for the preparation of 3-amino benzenephosphonic acid - Google Patents

Process for the preparation of 3-amino benzenephosphonic acid Download PDF

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KR850001551B1
KR850001551B1 KR1019830000392A KR830000392A KR850001551B1 KR 850001551 B1 KR850001551 B1 KR 850001551B1 KR 1019830000392 A KR1019830000392 A KR 1019830000392A KR 830000392 A KR830000392 A KR 830000392A KR 850001551 B1 KR850001551 B1 KR 850001551B1
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KR840003643A (en
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박상우
김동진
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한국과학기술원
전학제
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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07FACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F9/00Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic System
    • C07F9/02Phosphorus compounds
    • C07F9/28Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds

Abstract

The preparation of 3-amino benzenephosphonic acid of formula (I) comprises nitrating benzenephosphinic acid of formula (II) with a mixt. of 98% conc. sulfuric acid and 71% conc. nitric acid at 100≰C to yield nitrophosphonic acid intermediates of formula (IV), and reducing (IV) in the presence of ammonium chloride and sodium sulfite. Prods. are useful as intermediates for reactive dyes.

Description

3-아미노 벤젠포스폰산의 제조방법Process for preparing 3-amino benzenephosphonic acid

본 발명은 구조식(1)로 표시되는 3-아미노 벤젠포스폰산(3-Aminobenzenephosphonic acid)의 새롭고도 진보된 제조방법에 관한 것으로 이 화합물은 반응성염료의 제조에 있어서 중요한 합성중간체로 사용된다.The present invention relates to a new and advanced process for preparing 3-aminobenzenephosphonic acid represented by formula (1), which is used as an important synthetic intermediate in the preparation of reactive dyes.

Figure kpo00001
Figure kpo00001

다시말하면 구조식(Ⅱ)의 벤젠포스핀산(Benzenephosphonic acid)을 니트로화반응 및 산화반응이 동시에 일어나게 하여 구조식(Ⅲ)의 3-니트로 벤젠포스핀산(3-Nitrobenzenephosphinic acid)을 분리하는 단계를 거치지 않고 일단계방법으로 구조식(Ⅳ)의 3-니트로 벤젠포스폰산을 합성한 다음, 이를 다시 환원시켜 구조식(Ⅰ)의 3-아미노 벤젠포스폰산을 합성하는 것이다.In other words, the nitrification and oxidation reactions of Benzenephosphonic acid of the formula (II) occur simultaneously, so that the 3-nitrobenzenephosphinic acid of the formula (III) is not separated. In the step method, 3-nitrobenzenephosphonic acid of formula (IV) is synthesized, and then reduced to synthesize 3-amino benzenephosphonic acid of formula (I).

Figure kpo00002
Figure kpo00002

현재까지 알려지고 있는 구조식(Ⅰ)의 3-아미노 벤젠포스폰산의 제조방법에 대한 몇가지 특허와 문헌을 소개하면 다음과 같다.Some patents and literatures on the preparation of 3-amino benzenephosphonic acid of the formula (I) known to date are as follows.

벤젠포스폰산(C6H5·PO3H2)을 발연질산(d : 151, 98%)으로 0-5℃에서 니트로화시켜 구조식(Ⅳ)의 3-니트로벤젠 포스폰산을 합성하고 이를 다시 황화나트륨으로 환원시켜 구조식(Ⅰ)의 3-아미노벤젠포스폰산을 제조하는 것을 특징으로 하고 있다. 수율은 55-64%이다. (자료 1 : G.M. Kosolapoff, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 70, 3465 (1948) )Nitrogen phosphonic acid (C 6 H 5 · PO 3 H 2 ) was nitrified with fuming nitric acid (d: 151, 98%) at 0-5 ° C. to synthesize 3-nitrobenzene phosphonic acid of formula (IV) It is characterized by producing 3-aminobenzenephosphonic acid of structural formula (I) by reducing with sodium sulfide. Yield is 55-64%. (Source 1: GM Kosolapoff, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 70, 3465 (1948))

구조식(Ⅳ)의 3-니트로벤젠포스폰산을 pH 6.7에서 라니니켈과 염화백금산(H2PtCl6) 촉매하에 수소첨가 반응으로 환원시켜 구조식(Ⅰ)의 3-아미노벤젠포스폰산을 제조하는 것을 특징으로 하고 있다. 이때 수소가스의 압력은 40psi 이며 수율은 53%이다(자료 2 : G.O. Doak B Leon D. Freedman. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 74, 753 (1952) ).Reducing 3-nitrobenzenephosphonic acid of formula (IV) to hydrogenation under a catalyst of lannickel and chloroplatinic acid (H 2 PtCl 6 ) at pH 6.7 to prepare 3-aminobenzenephosphonic acid of formula (I) I am doing it. The pressure of hydrogen gas is 40 psi and the yield is 53% (Source 2: GO Doak B Leon D. Freedman. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 74, 753 (1952)).

구조식(Ⅱ)의 벤젠포스핀산을 실온에서 98%, 황산과 90% 질산의 혼산으로 니트로화시키고 이를 90% 질산으로 100℃에서 산화시켜 구조식(Ⅳ)의 3-니트로벤젠포스폰산을 만든 다음, 이를 다시 라니-니켈과 염화팔라듐(PdCl2) 촉매하에 수소 첩가반응으로 환원시켜 구조식(Ⅰ)의 3-아미노벤젠포스폰산을 제조하는 것을 특징으로 하고 있다. 이때 환원반응에 대한 수율은 85%이다. (자료 3 : 미국특허 제4,028,403호('77.6.7) )Nitrogen phosphinic acid of formula (II) was nitrated with a mixed acid of 98%, sulfuric acid and 90% nitric acid at room temperature and oxidized at 90 DEG C with 90% nitric acid to form 3-nitrobenzenephosphonic acid of formula (IV), This was again reduced by hydrogen superposition reaction under Raney-nickel and palladium chloride (PdCl 2 ) catalyst to prepare 3-aminobenzenephosphonic acid of formula (I). In this case, the yield for the reduction reaction is 85%. (Source 3: U.S. Patent No. 4,028,403 ('77 .6.7))

구조식 (Ⅲ)의 3-니트로벤젠포스핀산을 출발물로 하여 이산화황가스로 산화와 환원반응을 함께 일어나게 하여 구조식(Ⅰ)의 3-아미노벤젠포스폰산을 제조하는 것을 특징으로 하고 있다. 수율은 35.3%이다. (자료 4 : 영국특허공보 제2,052,503호(1981.1.28)It is characterized in that 3-aminobenzenephosphonic acid of formula (I) is prepared by using the 3-nitrobenzenephosphinic acid of formula (III) as a starting material to cause oxidation and reduction reaction together with sulfur dioxide gas. The yield is 35.3%. (Source 4: British Patent Publication No. 2,052,503 (1981.1.28)

이들 공지의 방법들을 분석 평가하여보면, 전반적으로 수율이 상당히 낮으며, 공지의 방법자료 1과 자료 3의 니트로화반응에서 사용하는 질산이 발연질산이거나 90%의 고농도 질산이며 그 사용량도 공지의 방법 자료 1의 경우 출발물질인 벤젠포스폰산에 대해 질산이 몰(mole)비로 21배나 되는 과량이어서 원가상승의 요인이 되며 공업화에 매우 불리한 방법이라 할 수 있다. 또한 공지의 방법(자료 2, 3)의 환원반응에 있어서 수소첨가반응의 경우 다른 방법에 비해 수율은 53-85%로서 다소 양호한 편이나 가스를 사용하기 때문에 고압용기 등의 시설이 필요하며 대량생산시 폭발에 대한 각별한 주의를 요하는 등의 결점이 있어 산업화에 유리한 방법이라고는 말할 수 없다. 또한 공지의 방법(자료 4)는 수율이 35.3%로 상당히 낮아 비경제적인 문제점이 있다. 본 발명자는 상기의 결점이 많은 공지의 방법과는 달리 공업적으로 유리하고, 그 수율이 좋은 새롭고도 진보된 구조식(Ⅰ)의 3-아미노 벤젠포스폰산을 제조하는 방법을 발명할 목적으로 오랜 연구와 시험끝에 구조식(Ⅱ)의 벤젠포스핀산을 98%의 황산존재하에 71%의 질산으로 일단계 반응으로 니트로화 및 산화시켜 구조식(Ⅳ)의 3-니트로벤젠포스폰산을 제조하고 이것을 황화나트륨과 염화암모늄으로 환원시키면 구조식(Ⅰ)의 3-아미노벤젠포스폰산을 제조할 수 있다는 것을 발명하고 본 발명을 완성하였다.In the analysis and evaluation of these known methods, the overall yield is quite low, and the nitric acid used in the nitration reaction of known method data 1 and 3 is fuming nitric acid or high concentration of nitric acid of 90%, and the amount of use is also known. In the case of Exhibit 1, the amount of nitric acid in the mole ratio is 21 times higher than that of the starting material benzenephosphonic acid, which is a factor of cost increase and is a very unfavorable method for industrialization. In addition, in the reduction reaction of the known methods (data 2 and 3), the yield is 53-85% compared to other methods, and the yield is rather good. However, since a gas is used, facilities such as a high pressure container are required and mass production is required. It is not a favorable method for industrialization because of its shortcomings that require special attention to city explosions. In addition, the known method (data 4) has a very low yield of 35.3%, which is an uneconomic problem. The present inventors have long researched for the purpose of inventing a method for preparing 3-amino benzenephosphonic acid of the structural formula (I), which is industrially advantageous and has a high yield, unlike the known methods having many of the above-mentioned drawbacks. At the end of the test, nitrated and oxidized benzenephosphinic acid of formula (II) with 71% nitric acid in the presence of 98% sulfuric acid in one step reaction to prepare 3-nitrobenzenephosphonic acid of formula (IV) It was invented and completed the present invention that reduction with ammonium chloride can produce 3-aminobenzenephosphonic acid of formula (I).

본 발명의 제조방법을 구체적으로 설명하면 다음과 같다. 구조식(Ⅱ)의 벤젠포스핀산을 98%의 황산에 용해시킨 다음 98%의 황산과 71% 질산의 혼산으로 0-100℃ 에서 3-5시간 반응시키면 구조식(Ⅳ)의 3-니트로벤젠포스폰산이 생성도되는데 이는 반응액을 얼음에 가하여 교반시키면 쉽게 결정으로 분리된다. 이때 구조식(Ⅱ)의 벤젠포스핀산 1몰에 대하여 사용되는 산의 양은 황산 및 질산이 각각 4몰이다.Referring to the production method of the present invention in detail. The benzenephosphinic acid of formula (II) was dissolved in 98% sulfuric acid, and then reacted with 98% sulfuric acid and 71% nitric acid at 0-100 ° C. for 3-5 hours to yield 3-nitrobenzenephosphone of formula (IV). Acid is also formed, which is easily separated into crystals by adding the reaction solution to ice and stirring. At this time, the amount of acid used is 1 mole of sulfuric acid and nitric acid with respect to 1 mole of benzenephosphinic acid of the formula (II).

이러한 방법으로 합성된 구조식(Ⅳ)의 3-니트로벤젠포스폰산과 염화암모늄을 진한 암모니아수로 pH를 8-9로 맞추어서 몰에 함께 용해시킨 다음 황화나트륨을 가하고 끓는 점에서 2시간동안 가열 환류시키면 구조식(Ⅰ)의 3-아미노벤젠포스폰산이 생성된다. 이 반응액의 pH를 5.5로 맞추어 구조식(Ⅰ)의 3-아미노벤젠포스폰산과 함께 생성된 황을 결정으로 분리할 수 있으며 이 황을 여과하여 제거하고 다시 여과액을 pH를 3.0으로 낮추면 목적물인 구조식(Ⅰ)의 3-아미노벤젠포스폰산을 분리할 수 있다. 이때 구조식(Ⅳ)의 -니트로벤젠포스폰산 1몰에 대해서 황화나트륨 5몰, 염화암모늄 7몰이 사용된다.3-Nitrobenzenephosphonic acid and ammonium chloride of the structural formula (IV) synthesized in this manner were dissolved in a molar mixture with ammonia water at a pH of 8-9, and sodium sulfide was added and heated to reflux for 2 hours at boiling. The 3-aminobenzenephosphonic acid of (I) is produced. By adjusting the pH of the reaction solution to 5.5, the sulfur produced together with 3-aminobenzenephosphonic acid of formula (I) can be separated into crystals. The sulfur is filtered off and the filtrate is lowered to 3.0 to obtain the target product. 3-aminobenzenephosphonic acid of formula (I) can be separated. At this time, 5 mol of sodium sulfide and 7 mol of ammonium chloride are used with respect to 1 mol of -nitrobenzenephosphonic acid of the formula (IV).

이와 같은 본 발명의 제조방법은 앞서 소개한 공지의 방법들과는 달리 여러 장점을 내포하고 있는바, 이를 설명하면 다음과 같다.Such a manufacturing method of the present invention has a number of advantages unlike the known methods introduced above, which will be described below.

첫째로, 본 발명에서는 공지의 방법(자료 1, 3)과는 달리 니트로화반응시 취급하기 어렵고 고가인 발연질산이나 90% 질산을 사용하는 대신 71% 질산을 황산과 함께 사용하고 그 사용량도 크게 감소시켜 생산원가를 절감하고 폐수처리 등의 공해문제와 공업화에 유리하게 되었다.First, in the present invention, unlike known methods (data 1, 3), 71% nitric acid is used together with sulfuric acid instead of using expensive fuming nitric acid or 90% nitric acid, which is difficult to handle in the nitration reaction, and the amount of use is large. By reducing the cost of production, it is advantageous to the pollution problems such as wastewater treatment and industrialization.

둘째로, 환원반응에 있어서 촉매와 수소를 사용할 경우 고압반응용기 등의 고압가스를 취급할 수 있는 시설이 필요하게 되나, 본 발명에서는 값이 저렵한 황화나트륨과 염화암모늄을 함께 사용하여 시설투자에서 오는 원가상승요인 및 고압가스 사용에서 오는 폭발의 위험성을 제거하였다.Second, in the case of using a catalyst and hydrogen in the reduction reaction, a facility that can handle a high-pressure gas, such as a high-pressure reaction vessel is required, but in the present invention in the facility investment by using a combination of sodium sulfide and ammonium chloride with a low price Eliminating the risks of rising costs and the explosions resulting from the use of high pressure gas.

셋째로, 벤젠포스폰산보다 값이 훨씬 저렴한 구조식(Ⅱ)의 벤젠포스핀산을 출발물질로 하고 니트로화반응과 산화반응을 일단계 반응으로 함께 일어나게 하여 생산원가를 절감하였다. 즉, 벤젠포스핀산을 황산-질산의 혼산과 0-100℃에서 반응시켜 니트로화반응과 산화반응을 함께 일어나게 하여 구조식(Ⅳ)의 3-니트로벤젠포스폰을 제조하였다.Third, benzenephosphonic acid of Structural Formula (II), which is much cheaper than benzenephosphonic acid, was used as a starting material, and the nitration reaction and the oxidation reaction occurred together in one step to reduce the production cost. That is, benzenephosphinic acid was reacted with a mixed acid of sulfuric acid-nitric acid at 0-100 ° C. to cause nitration reaction and oxidation reaction to prepare 3-nitrobenzenephosphone of formula (IV).

넷째로, 특히 본 발명의 제조방법에서는 수율이 매우 높아서 구조식(Ⅱ)의 벤젠포스핀산으로부터 구조식(Ⅳ)의 3-니트로벤젠포스폰산을 제조하는 경우에 수율이 94%이며, 구조식(Ⅳ)의 3-니트로벤젠포스폰산을 황화나트륨과 염화암모늄으로 환원하여 구조식(Ⅰ)의 3-아미노벤젠포스폰산을 제조하는 경우에는 수율이 91%로서 촉매와 수소를 사용하는 공지의 방법들(53-85%)이나 황화나트륨만을 사용하는 공지의 방법(55-64%)에 비해서 수율이 상당히 높다고 할 수 있다.Fourthly, in the production method of the present invention, the yield is very high, so that the yield is 94% when the 3-nitrobenzenephosphonic acid of the structural formula (IV) is prepared from the benzene phosphinic acid of the structural formula (II). When 3-nitrobenzenephosphonic acid is reduced with sodium sulfide and ammonium chloride to prepare 3-aminobenzenephosphonic acid of formula (I), the yield is 91%, and known methods using a catalyst and hydrogen (53-85). %) And the yield is considerably higher than the known method (55-64%) using only sodium sulfide.

이와 같이 구조식(Ⅱ)의 벤젠포스핀산을 혼산과 반응시켜 구조식(Ⅳ)의 3-니트로벤젠포스폰산을 얻은 다음 이를 환원시켜 구조식(Ⅰ)의 3-아미노벤젠포산을 합성하는 새로운 제조방법에 관하여 설명하였으며 이를 반응단계별 화학식으로 표시하면 다음과 같다.As described above, a new preparation method for synthesizing 3-aminobenzenephosphate of formula (I) by reacting benzenephosphinic acid of formula (II) with mixed acid to obtain 3-nitrobenzenephosphonic acid of formula (IV) and then reducing it It was described and represented by the chemical formula for each reaction step as follows.

Figure kpo00003
Figure kpo00003

다음 실시예는 본 발명을 더욱 상세히 설명하여 줄 것이나 본 발명의 범위가 이에 국한된다는 것은 아니다. 실시예중에서 부로 표시된 것은 무게부를 의미한다.The following examples will further illustrate the present invention but are not intended to limit the scope thereof. In the examples, the negative means the weight.

[실시예 1 : 3-니트로 벤젠포스핀산의 제조방법]Example 1: Preparation of 3-nitro benzenephosphinic acid

벤젠포스핀산 142부를 98% 황산 250부에 용해시킨 다음 0℃까지 냉각시킨다. 98% 황산 150부와 71%질산 350부를 혼합하여 10℃까지 냉각한다. 이 혼산을 황산과 벤젠포스핀산의 용액에 천천히 적하시킨다. 이때 온도가 10℃이상 올라가지 않도록 조심한다. 적하가 끝나며 실온에서 1시간 교반시킨 후 온도를 100℃까지 천천히 올려 2시간동안 교반시킨다. 반응액의 온도를 5℃까지 냉각시켜 600부의 얼음에 조금씩 가하면서 30분동안 교반하며 백색결정이 생성된다. 이것을 30분동안 교반하고 여과하여 50℃에서 진공 건조 시키면 구조식(Ⅳ)의 3-니트로벤젠포스핀산의 수율은 94%이다. 적외선 흡수 스펙트럼(KBr disc) (cm-1) : 3300-2430, 2350-1900, 1610, 1580, 1540이다.142 parts of benzenephosphinic acid are dissolved in 250 parts of 98% sulfuric acid and then cooled to 0 ° C. 150 parts of 98% sulfuric acid and 350 parts of 71% nitric acid are mixed and cooled to 10 ° C. This mixed acid is slowly added dropwise to a solution of sulfuric acid and benzenephosphinic acid. Be careful not to rise the temperature above 10 ℃. After dropping, the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour, and then the temperature was slowly raised to 100 ° C. and stirred for 2 hours. The temperature of the reaction solution was cooled to 5 ° C., and the mixture was stirred in 600 parts of ice for 30 minutes while producing white crystals. When the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes, filtered and dried in vacuo at 50 ° C, the yield of 3-nitrobenzenephosphinic acid of the formula (IV) was 94%. Infrared Absorption Spectrum (KBr disc) (cm −1 ): 3300-2430, 2350-1900, 1610, 1580, 1540.

[실시예 2 : 3-아미노벤젠포스폰산의 제조방법]Example 2 Preparation of 3-Aminobenzenephosphonic Acid

실시예 1의 방법으로 합성한 3-니트로벤젠포스폰산 203부를 1,000부의 물에 용해시킨 다음 염화암모늄 370부를 가하고 진한 암모니아수로 pH를 8로 맞춘다. 온도를 70℃로 올린 후 황화나트륨 9수화물 1,200부를 5분 간격으로 약 200분 정도씩 나누어서 가한 후 온도를 100℃로 올려서 2시간동안 한류시킨다. 반응액의 온도리 실온으로 낮추고 진한 염산으로 pH를 5.5로 맞추어주면 황색분말의 황이 생성된다. 이를 여과하고 여과액의 pH를 다시 3으로 낮추면 백색의 결정이 생성된다. 이를 여과하고 차거운 물과 알콜의 혼합물로 세척한 후 진공 건조시키면 구조식(Ⅰ)의 백색의 다결정성 3-아미노벤젠포스폰산 157부를 얻 을 수있다.203 parts of 3-nitrobenzenephosphonic acid synthesized by the method of Example 1 were dissolved in 1,000 parts of water, and then 370 parts of ammonium chloride were added and the pH was adjusted to 8 with concentrated ammonia water. After raising the temperature to 70 ℃, 1,200 parts of sodium sulfide hexahydrate was added in about 200 minutes at 5 minute intervals, and the temperature was raised to 100 ℃ for 2 hours. When the temperature of the reaction solution is lowered to room temperature and the pH is adjusted to 5.5 with concentrated hydrochloric acid, yellow powder sulfur is produced. Filtration and lowering the pH of the filtrate back to 3 produced white crystals. It was filtered, washed with a mixture of cold water and alcohol and dried in vacuo to yield 157 parts of white polycrystalline 3-aminobenzenephosphonic acid of formula (I).

이 화합물은 280℃ 이상에서 녹는점 없이 분해하여 소비한 3-니트로벤젠포스폰산에 대한 3-아미노벤젠포스폰산의 수율은 91%이다. 적외선 흡수스펙트럼(KBr disc) (cm-1) 3100-2750, 2680-2400, 2250, 1650, 1580, 1550이다.The yield of 3-aminobenzenephosphonic acid is 91% relative to 3-nitrobenzenephosphonic acid consumed by decomposition without melting point of the compound above 280 ° C. Infrared Absorption Spectrum (KBr disc) (cm −1 ) 3100-2750, 2680-2400, 2250, 1650, 1580, 1550.

Claims (3)

구조식(Ⅱ)의 벤젠포스핀산을 농도 98%의 황산과 농도 71%의 질산혼산으로 니트로화하여 구조식(Ⅳ)의 니트로포스폰산 중간체를 제조하고 이어서 구조식(Ⅳ)의 니트로포스폰산 중간체를 환원시켜 구조식(Ⅰ)의 3-아미노 벤젠포스폰산을 제조하는 방법.Nitrophosphonic acid of formula (II) was nitrated with sulfuric acid at concentration 98% and nitric acid mixed acid at concentration 71% to prepare nitrophosphonic acid intermediate of formula (IV), followed by reduction of nitrophosphonic acid intermediate of formula (IV) A process for preparing 3-amino benzenephosphonic acid of formula (I).
Figure kpo00004
Figure kpo00004
제1항에 있어서 구조식(Ⅱ)의 벤젠포스핀산을 100℃의 반응온도에서 니트로화하는 제조방법.The process according to claim 1, wherein the benzenephosphinic acid of formula (II) is nitrated at a reaction temperature of 100 ° C. 제1항에 있어서 구조식(Ⅳ)의 니트로포스폰산 중간체를 염화암모늄과 황화나트륨 존재하에 환원시키는 제조방법.The process according to claim 1, wherein the nitrophosphonic acid intermediate of formula (IV) is reduced in the presence of ammonium chloride and sodium sulfide.
KR1019830000392A 1983-02-02 1983-02-02 Process for the preparation of 3-amino benzenephosphonic acid KR850001551B1 (en)

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