KR850000904B1 - Apparatus for oil water separation by granulation - Google Patents

Abstract

The process and plant include a porous substrate or sheet which is coated on at least one surface by a granule layer which resists and repels oil while being permeable to, and absorbing water. Layer is an aq. gel insol. in water, and does not prevent the substrate from being porous to water, but retains the oil in water flowing through layer and the substrate. Layer is pref. located in a tank so oily water can flow in alternate directions through the layer and the tank is pref. placed between two flotation chambers so oil can be removed by flotation both before and after passing through the layer. Although there is no limit on the type of gel, many of the examples use polymer gels.

Description

Oil-water separator by granulation

1 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of a containing water treatment system using the method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of the absorber apparatus in the embodiment of FIG.

3 is a side cross-sectional view of the embodiment of FIG.

4 is the same cross-sectional view.

5 is a perspective view showing an embodiment different from the element used in the present invention.

6 is a plan view for explaining an end state of the element.

7 is a plan view for explaining the permeation state of the contained water in the element.

Figure 8 is a side cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the device of the present invention.

9 is a schematic diagram illustrating another embodiment of a system using the method of the present invention.

10 (a), 10 (b), and 10 (c) of FIG. 10 are explanatory diagrams illustrating a process of growing from coarse to coarse as oil in the contained water penetrates the element.

11 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.

12 is a longitudinal sectional view of the embodiment of FIG.

13 is a conventional schematic diagram of an oil / water separator in the present invention.

14, 15 and 16 are schematic diagrams of embodiments of the present invention of the automatic oil discharge apparatus.

Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a detailed longitudinal sectional view of the granulation apparatus and the oil extraction machine in the embodiment of FIG. 17. FIG.

19 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the inclined state of the assembly container in the embodiment of FIG.

21 is a partial transverse cross-sectional view of the assembly element of this embodiment.

The present name relates to an oil-and-water device by granulation for efficiently separating oil from water or the like containing finely dispersed or emulsion oil.

Conventional methods for removing the oil from the contained water include gravity separation method, filtration method, adsorption method, flocculation sedimentation method, air flotation method, microbial treatment method, electrolysis method, physical chemistry method, granulation method and the like.

Gravity was the only coarse oil, and it was impossible to separate micro oils. Since the filtration method tends to clog a filter plate, when a backwashing process is used together, a facility enlarges and it cannot prevent that a filter plate is blocked by a backwashing process. Air flotation was not possible until the equipment was enlarged and fine oil was separated. The microbial treatment method requires a lot of time with the enlargement of the facility, and the electrolytic method and the physical chemistry method require the secondary treatment, and there are problems in the enlargement of the facility and the complexity of the treatment process. In addition, the general granulation method is an ideal method, but the fine filtration or ultrafiltration was required for emulsions of 10 microns or less. This ultrafiltration is large and expensive, and the running cost is high. Could not be used. In addition, when the adsorption limit by the lipophilic function reaches the saturation point, it requires a lot of cost and time for exchange, and the obstacle due to the oil film is fatal for the case of high oil concentration and high viscosity. In addition, the method of using this as a granulating agent has a relatively wide application range, but it has been confirmed that granulation of an oil of 10 microns or less is impossible, and is particularly unsuitable for the separation of emulsified products. It is not possible to put the field of oil less than 10 microns into granules by using granulation, so that it is not practical to be economically or compactly installed.

The present inventors have made various studies and examinations in consideration of the above problems, and as a result, a specific granulated layer having a oil-induced oil repellent function and a water-permeable water absorption function mainly composed of a water-insoluble water-containing gel layer is porous. By forming the porous material on at least one side of the raw material and using the element constituted by the raw material, a means for efficiently separating high-concentration and high-viscosity oils or emulsified oils has been found.

Accordingly, the present invention is based on the use of the specific granulation element described above, and based on the flow of the contained water in such a way that the flow direction alternates, it is possible to cope with a multi-sided to high concentration, high viscosity oil, emulsified oil, etc. The present invention aims to provide a novel oil-water separation apparatus that can be put to practical use even in the granulation of an oil of 10 microns or less.

The present invention is to reach the range that the method of removing oil below 10 micron level has been widely desired in society, but impossible, and has pioneered a field where many studies have been developed in the past but have not yet achieved success. It is significant that the treaty was able to respond to the 15 PPM, the separation function for ship equipment under the Marine Pollution Control Act.

In the granulation process of the present invention, an oil-water separation element composed of a specific porous material is used. That is, it is important that the water-insoluble absorbent gel layer is formed on at least one surface portion in contact with the flowing water of the porous material. For example, various synthetic fibers, inorganic fibers, natural fibers, natural pulp, and synthetic materials are used as elements of the element. Porous material is used to form a porous material, and a specific water-insoluble absorbent gel layer is formed thereon to form a granulated layer.

의 전하를 지니는 물질(피리딘기, 제4급 암모늄기등 양이온 전하를 지니는 화합물)의 수용액을, 다공질시이트의 양면 또는 한쪽면에 첨착하여, 다음에

의 전하를 지니는 물질(카르복실기, 설폰기 등의 음이온전하를 지니는 화합물)의 수용액을 첨착하여, 다공질시이트 표면 또는 내부에서 이온적으로 결합시켜서 이른바, 이온복합체를 형성시키는 방법, (3)카르복시메틸 셀룰로우스, 폴리린산염, 폴리아크릴산 소오다와 같은 수용성 고분자화합물과 황산마그네슘, 염화칼슘등의 다가금속염과의 커플링반응으로 겔화합물을 형성하는 방법, 즉 다공질시이트에 미리 다가 금속염의 수용액을 함침, 도포, 스프레이 등의 처리로 첨착하여, 다음에 상기의 금속가교성의 수용성 고분자 화합물수용액을 첨착해서, 다가 금속이온에 의하여 겔화합물을 다공질시이트의 양면 또는 한쪽면에 형성하는 방법, (4)친수성의 천연 또는 합성고분자 화합물을 흡수성을 유지하면서 불용화하는 방법, 즉 다공질 시이트에 크롬명반, 칼리명반, 포로말린, 염호아연, 붕산, 염화마그네슘등 가교제를 첨착해 놓고, 젤라틴, 폴리비닐알코올, 알긴산, 만난, 셀루로우스화합물 등의 겔형성제를 첨가하여, 화학적가교제화 반응으로 겔화합물을 다공질시이트의 양면 또는 한쪽면에 형성하는 방법, (5)흡수해서 팽유하여, 수불용성겔을 형성하는 물질을 이용하는 방법, 예를들면 폴리에틸에렌옥사이드의 가교물(유기용제가용)을 다공질시이트에 함침, 도포, 스프레이처리 등으로 첨착하거나, 또는 콜라겐섬유, 저치환카복시메틸화 셀룰로우스, 폴리비닐섬유등을 미리 다공질시이트 중에 혼초(混抄), 혼방(混紡) 등으로 첨가하는 방법 등 여러가지를 예로 들 수 있다.The kind or forming means of the water-insoluble absorbent gel layer described above is not particularly limited and various examples can be given over a wide range. For example, the forming means of the absorbent gel layer includes (1) acrylamide, calcium acrylate and sodium acrylate. Polymerization catalysts such as ammonium persulfate, sodium persulfate, calper persulfate, hydrogen peroxide, and ammonium chloride, ammonium phosphate, and the like in an aqueous solution of a water-soluble monomer such as methylenebisacrylamide and N-methyrol atrylamide. Water-insoluble absorption by the polycondensation reaction by adding a condensation catalyst and attaching this aqueous solution to at least one surface of the porous material by impregnating, applying, spraying the porous sheet, and heating and drying at a temperature of 80-110 ° C. Method for forming gel layer, (2) ionically

An aqueous solution of a material having a charge of (a compound having a cationic charge such as a pyridine group and a quaternary ammonium group) is attached to both surfaces or one side of the porous sheet, and then

A method of forming an ion complex by attaching an aqueous solution of a material having a charge of a compound (a compound having an anionic charge such as a carboxyl group or a sulfone group) and ionically bonding the surface or inside of the porous sheet to form a so-called ion complex, (3) carboxymethyl cellulose A method of forming a gel compound by coupling a water-soluble high molecular compound such as loose, polyphosphate, and soda polyacrylate with a polyvalent metal salt such as magnesium sulfate and calcium chloride, that is, impregnating the porous sheet with an aqueous solution of the polyvalent metal salt in advance, (4) a method of forming a gel compound on both sides or one side of the porous sheet by imparting a solution such as coating or spraying, followed by impregnating the aqueous solution of the metal crosslinkable water-soluble high molecular compound, followed by polyvalent metal ions. Method for insolubilizing a natural or synthetic polymer compound while maintaining its absorbency, ie chromium in a porous sheet A crosslinking agent such as van, kali alum, formalin, zinc zinc, boric acid, magnesium chloride, and the like, and gelling agents such as gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol, alginic acid, mannan, and cellulose compounds, are added to the chemical crosslinking reaction. (5) a method of forming a gel compound on both or one side of the porous sheet, (5) a method of using a substance that absorbs and swells to form a water-insoluble gel, for example, a crosslinked product of polyethylene oxide (soluble in an organic solvent). Impregnating, applying, spraying, etc. to the porous sheet, or adding collagen fibers, low-substituted carboxymethylated cellulose, polyvinyl fibers, etc., to the porous sheet in advance, such as kneading, blending, etc. There are several examples.

In the present invention, the water-insoluble absorbent gel layer as described above is formed on the surface portion and the liquid passage surface in contact with the flowing water of the porous sheet, so that the filter porosity of the porous sheet after formation of the absorbent gel layer is not impaired. It is important to do. In the formation of absorbent gels, when the filter material predicted the decrease in porosity is selected (a material having sufficient porosity and a combination thereof), if the permeation amount is too large, the effect of oil / water separation is reduced, and the leaching condition of the water is increased. If the amount of permeation is too small, the rate of oil separation will be extremely low.

In the present invention, in addition to the formation of the absorbent gel layer as described above, the treatment for increasing and continuing the effects of oil-induced oil and the like, oil-separation functions such as oil collection and coarse oil, etc. It is good to carry out.

For example, oil repellent agents such as fluorine compounds, chromium fluorine compounds, lipophilic agents such as stearic acid compounds, silicon compounds, wax compounds, or diffusion agents, surface tension lowering agents such as higher alkyl alcohols, silicon alkylene oxides and fluorine surfactants. Or a collector is added to the water-insoluble absorbent gel layer, or the porous sheet is treated before or after the absorbent gel layer is formed by applying such an effect agent, impregnation, spraying, or the like. In addition, the porous sheet can form the lipophilic part together with the absorbent gel layer. For example, polyolefin fibers or pulp, synthetic fibers, glass fibers, etc. may be mixed in a mixture of vinegar, blend, and the like to form a filter material to improve the separation effect of oil-cold-growth-desorption of oily grains. There is a number.

In the present invention, the porous sheet can be widely used without particular limitation as long as the porous sheet has properties that can sufficiently endure the use as a filter, that is, water permeability, water resistance, pressure resistance, durability, and the like. For example, there are cloth, nonwoven table, paper, foam sheet, and the like. In non-woven fabrics such as paper, nonwoven fabric mainly made of cellulose-based fibers such as pulp, cotton rayon, acetylcellulose, and others, Patent Publication No. 659,628 It adopts water resistance, pressure resistance and durability by the strengthening method of the arc. In a porous sheet composed of a woven fabric such as a follicle, since it already has characteristics as a filter such as water resistance and pressure resistance, the above reinforcement method may be omitted, but a reinforcement treatment may be applied. In addition, a method of mixing non-porous perforated sheets by mixing heat-melting synthetic pulp (polyolefin, nylon, polystyrene, etc.) and fusing the synthetic pulp by heat treatment, urea formalin condensate, melamine formalin condensate, and epichlorhe It is also possible to apply a crosslinking compound such as a compound, a methrol group-containing compound, or a divinyl sulfone compound to the porous sheet so that the filter function is not lost by impregnation, spraying, or the like.

In addition, the porous sheet of the present invention includes materials made of synthetic fibers such as polyethylene, polypropylene, phenolic resin, polyester, and polyamide, materials made of inorganic fibers such as glass fiber, ceramic fiber, and asbestos, Alternatively, a combination of the above fibers may of course be employed.

Accordingly, in the present invention, it is a preferred embodiment to perform a fixing treatment so that the specific absorbent gel layer does not detach from the porous sheet. For example, cationic fixatives such as polyethyleneamine, epichlorohydrin polyamine, dicyandiamiformin, condensates or anions such as urea-formalin condensates and melamine-forminin condensates, depending on the type of absorbent gel layer or porous sheet Using a system fixing agent, the porous sheet may be applied to, or impregnated with, a spray, or the like before or after the formation of the absorbent gel layer, or may be incorporated into the absorbent gel layer.

For the form of the element in the present invention, for the purpose of miniaturization, for example, the porous material may be simply arranged in multiple stages, but the porous material may be used as a corrugated float structure and similar structure. It is most preferable in usage to be of a structure having a plurality of tubular passages formed.

An exemplary embodiment of the oil / water separation method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 shows an outline of the implementation of the method of the present invention, where 101 is a raw water tank for storing the contained water 102, and the outflow of the contained water 102 from the raw water tank is performed via the absorber device 103. . As shown in FIG. 2, the absorption port device 103 has an outer cylinder 105 provided with an outlet tube 104 on its bottom surface at a location below the liquid level of the raw water tank 101, and has an upper end in the outer cylinder 105. The free plate 107 which has the float 106 so that the main surface is located slightly below the liquid level, and which is communicated with the outlet tube, is fitted with the lifting material. The upper circumferential surface of the barrier plate 107 may be formed as a flat surface, but it is preferable to form the concave-convex 108 in the shape of a sawtooth or a cutout. The absorption port device 103 is capable of automatically absorbing a portion of the surface layer portion of the contained water 102 in the raw water tank 101 which is automatically absorbed. The containing water 102 is always appropriately introduced from the upper end of the 107.

The purpose of this absorbing device is to put the washings in the raw water tank 101 when the oil content of the workpiece is removed in the raw water tank 101. When it is removed, the liquid level fluctuates up or down by about 2 to 300 mm, so that the water content is always absorbed from the surface layer having a high oil concentration as the liquid level changes.

The outflow pipe 104 of the absorption port device 103 communicates with the strainer 110 via the pipe 109 outside the raw water tank. Here, mainly as a place for removing contaminants in the contained water, the strainer 110 uses a conventional one that is compatible with it.

The contained water from the strainer 110 flows into the shear section separation tank 144 after passing through the pipe 111, the pump 112, and the pipe 113. This removes high concentrations of oil or high viscosity oils. The shear floatation tank 144 is used to have a high coalescence effect. Then, the contained water passes through this shear floatation tank 144, whereby the majority of the high concentration or high viscosity oil is separated, and the load resistance of the oil is reduced, and is then transferred to the next granulation device 114. On the other hand, when the contained water is not of high concentration or high viscosity, the contained water from the pump 112 may be directly fed into the granulator 114 except for the above-mentioned shear flotation tank 144.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the assembly device 114, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the copper device. The device 114 is provided with a middle bottom 117 of the bottom of the user normal case 115, and the distribution chamber ( 118 is formed. An opening 119 is provided in the center of the middle bottom 117, and an element chamber 120 is formed on the middle bottom 117, and in this chamber 120, a specific granulated layer having the above-described water absorption function is formed. An assembly element 121 having a porous material 124 is received. The structure of this element 121 is the same as the element generally used conventionally. That is, the porous material 124 subjected to the above treatment is wound in a zigzag shape around the cylinder 123 having a plurality of through holes 122 formed in the center thereof, and the cylinder 123 is placed on the middle bottom opening 119. In addition, the lid 116 is attached to the upper end of the case 115 and the element 121 is fixed by the element fixing part 125 installed on the lid 116. In this case, a gap portion 133 of a suitable width is formed on the side and above the element 121.

On the other hand, in this apparatus, each end of the inflow pipes 127a and 127b branched in two directions via the switching valve 126 on the inflow side is opened in the element chamber 120 and the distribution chamber 118, respectively. At the same time, the respective ends of the outflow pipes 129a and 129b branched in two directions via the switching valve 128 on the outlet side are similar to the openings of the inflow pipes 127a and 127b. It is open toward. And the piping 130 from the pump 112 is connected to the switching valve 126 of the inflow side, and the switching valve 128 of the outflow side is connected with the piping 131 leading to the next floating separation tank 132. It is.

In this apparatus 114, the contained water from the piping 130 flows into the apparatus 114 by either of branch pipes 127a and 127b by operation of the switching valve 126. As shown in FIG. In the case where the other switching valve 128 is operated to flow from the branch pipe 127a below the inflow side in relation to the operation of the switching valve 126, only the branch pipe 129a at the upper side of the outflow side is discharged. On the contrary, when flowing from the upper branch pipe 127b, it flows out only from the branch pipe 129a of the upper side of an outflow side. On the contrary, when flowing from the upper branch pipe 127b, it flows in from the upper branch pipe 127b. The only flow out from the branch pipe 129b below. By such a switching operation of the switching valves 126 and 128, the contained water which flowed in from the lower branch pipe 127a passes through the opening 119 from the distribution chamber 118 like the solid arrow, and passes through the cylinder 123. It passes through the hole 122 of the permeate material 124 and passes through the branch pipe (129a) to the pipe 131. On the other hand, when the water is introduced from the upper branch pipe 127b by switching the switching valve 126, 128, the cylinder 123 after passing through the material 124 from the outside of the element 121 as shown by the dotted arrow ), And flows out from the opening tap 119 through the distribution chamber 118 to the pipe 131 from the branch pipe 129b below. That is, by changing the inflow and outflow positions into the apparatus 114 by operating the switching valves 126 and 128, the direction in which the contained water passes through the element 121 is reversed.

In the containing water flowing into the device 114 and penetrating the element 121, the granulated oil is formed by the action of the material 124 of the element, which forms a specific oil / water separation functional layer having a permeability absorption function as described above. Of course, even micro-dispersed oil of 10 microns or less is actively collected by its oil absorption function, and the oil is grown into coarse particles capable of self-injury, resulting in buoyancy and desorption of oil by the gel layer of the material 124. Will be separated. If the element having this special function is allowed to penetrate through, it can be separated and injured even in the remains of the matrices which have been treated as impossible since they grow from coarse to coarse.

Accordingly, the contained water that has passed through the element 121 is fed into the next floating separation tank 132 from the branch pipe 129a or 129b as a coarse particle with the water passing through the pipe 131.

However, in general, a large amount of suspended solids (SS) such as suspended matter and fine particles are contained in the contained water, so that the element is blocked during use, thereby degrading the function of the element. In many conventional methods, in such a case, the operation of the device is stopped and the element is washed to restore the function of the element, and this causes a significant decrease in processing capacity. However, the present invention completely solves such a defect. As a result, the cleaning effect of the element is shown while the treatment is continuously performed without stopping the operation of the apparatus.

That is, as described above before the element is blocked, the flow to the branch pipes 127a or 127b flowing in by operating the switching valves 126 and 128 and the branch pipes 129a or 129b flowing out are switched. You can do it. By such a switching operation, the flow of the containing water passing through the element 121 is reversed as shown by the solid arrow or the dotted arrow of FIG. As a result, the contaminants adhered to the surface facing the flow of the raw material 124 are peeled off by the detention. Moreover, since granulation and coarse grains are also attached to the back surface, such grains are separated and separated by this reverse flow.

Regardless of whether the flow of the contained water is either static or static, granulation and coarsening of the granules are similarly performed on both sides of the element.

The switching operation of the switching valves 126 and 128 may be performed every predetermined time, every predetermined throughput, or by an increase in water supply pressure, but the rotation of the valves 126 and 128 may be performed by a timer, flow meter or oil supply. It can also be done automatically in conjunction with a pressure gauge. In addition, in the so-called backwashing operation to switch the flow direction of the contained water, the separation of the particles from the element is good, and the pressure loss in one element is about 0.1-.04 kg / cm ^2, so that the special effect is good. Therefore, the water can be delivered at low pressure.

In general, in oil-water separation, the higher the water pressure, the more the oil is atomized and the granulated separation is lowered. However, in the present invention, even if the water pressure is low as described above, the oil atomization does not proceed as much. In this regard, the synergistic effect of good combination of the grains is obtained.

5 to 8 show another embodiment of an element and an assembling apparatus. In this embodiment, a corrugated float structure having a plurality of adjacent tubular passages as shown in FIG. 5 is used as the element.

The element 121 is the same as the element material 124 in the above embodiment, and the plate 140, 140, etc. using a porous material having a specific separation function layer having a permeability absorption function. Corrugated plate 141, 141. The backs are alternately laminated. And a plurality of tubular passages 142, 142... Between these plates and the corrugated plate. Etc. are formed. Each of the tubular passages 142 formed as described above is blocked 143, as shown in FIG. 6, and the passage 142 adjacent thereto is opposite to the blocked 143. Therefore, the contained water flowing into each passage 142 does not flow out unless it passes through either the flat plate 140 or the corrugated plate 141 as shown by the arrow of FIG. This blocking part 143 is implemented by arbitrary means, such as pressure bonding using an adhesive agent, an adhesive filler, etc., or the like.

FIG. 8 shows the assembling apparatus accommodating the element as shown in FIG. 5, and a plurality of through holes 134 are laid in the middle bottom 117 at the bottom of the user body 115, and the element 121 is It is placed on the middle bottom 117 and the gap part 133 is formed in the upper part of the element 121, and branch pipes 127a, 127b, 129a, and 129b are the distribution chamber 118 and Opened in the gap portion 133. And when it flows in from the branch pipe 127a or 127b, as shown by the solid arrow or the dotted arrow, respectively, the edge part flows in from the open channel | path 142, and the flat plate 140 or the corrugated plate 141, respectively. It penetrates into the adjacent passageway, and flows into the distribution chamber 118 or the gap portion 133 from the open end thereof and flows out from the branch pipe 129a or 129b.

The structure of the element 121 is more efficient than that of the conventional ones shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, and the float structure shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 is more efficient. It is easier to reduce the size of the display and to use it effectively. In particular, when the installation area is limited, such as for ship equipment is an indispensable condition, the present invention can be used in such a strict installation conditions.

As shown in FIG. 1, the contained water is separated into a floating state in the water while the oil is coarse-phased by the granulation device 114, and flows through the pipe 131 to the next floating separation tank 132. do.

The flotation separation tank 132 may be a conventionally known one. Here, the physically coarse grains are naturally floated to the upper portion of the tank 132 due to the specific gravity difference with water and received in the distribution pipe 136 from the upper portion of the tank 132 past the pipe 135, or to the outside. Discharged. At this stage, the treated water passes through the pipe 138, and in the case of circulating fluid, it is discharged to the raw water tank 101 in the case of drainage.

The above embodiment exemplifies a basic oil-water separation system by a single unit of the granulation device 114, but alternates the granulation device and the floating separation tank in terms of throughput of the contained water, concentration of oil, and viscosity. It is often more effective to install the condenser in series and pass water through multiple stages.

In such a multi-stage water flow system, since the granulated oil is removed before the next granulation step, the middle resistance of the oil in the next step can be actively removed, thereby increasing the oil removal rate. Therefore, as long as there is no problem in the installation area, it is preferable to employ such a multistage water flow system.

9 shows an overview of the multi-stage water flow system. After passing the shear floatation tank 144 to the contained water from the raw water tank 101, the first assembly device 114a to the first floatation tank ( 132a) -Secondary assembly device (114b) -Secondary collection device installed in multiple stages in the order of the second flotation separation tank and the water distribution system by the floating separation tank, which distributes the oil which is almost completely separated from the containing water. It is a system to be sent to (136). In this case, the oil from the upper part of the last second floatation separation tank 132b is automatically or manually introduced into the collecting container 136, and the treated water from the lower part of the second floatation separation tank 132b is the original in the case of circulation. In the water tank 101, it drains in other cases.

This system is not only suitable for efficiently treating the contained water in a single meal, but also for the treatment of emulsified water of 1 micron or less under the influence of surfactants, which was impossible in the prior art. As a result of the test, it has been confirmed by the test that, for example, it can be processed within 5 ppm from 250,000 ppm of light oil under the conditions according to the experimental guidelines for ships of the IMCO Treaty. It was also confirmed that 5 ppm could be completely achieved.

In the present invention, since the specific oil / oil separation function layer having the oil-induced oil repellency function and the water permeability absorption function mainly composed of the water-insoluble functional gel layer is formed on the surface of the porous material, not only finely dispersed oil, but also emulsified There is a big feature that can separate even oil.

Although the rationale is not clear enough, it is easily inferred from the structural characteristics that it is based on the following reasons. An outline of the oil separation process is shown in FIG. 10. That is, first, when the contained water is transmitted from one side of the element material 124 as shown by the arrow as shown in the drawing (a), due to the oil-induced oil repelling function on the surface of the material 124, the particles in the contained water or emulsified particles are formed from the material ( Lightly adhering to the surface of 124, many granulated oils a are formed. If the oil content in the inflowing water continues to be formed on the other surface portion, it is also captured by the granules a assembled therein to become a larger growth oil b, and these growth oils b and b are brought into contact with each other to form crude oil as in the dashed line. It grows large with allele c. In this way, the coarse particle c is separated from the surface of the material 124 by the repulsive action and the magnetic flotation action from the surface of the material 124 by the oil-repelling function of the material 124, and suspended in the containing water. It is in condition and begins to rise. In addition, many of these growing grains adsorb the contaminants in the containing water well so that the contaminants, together with the coarse grains, can be separated from the containing water to remove them.

Another great feature of the present invention is that, as described above, since the separation and removal of the contaminants is good, the strainer 110 filter membrane to remove even fine contaminants in the strainer 110 before entering the assembly unit 114 The density does not have to be very fine. In this case, the filtration membrane may be about 30 mesh to about 40 mesh, since it is sufficient to remove relatively large contaminants.

In the conventional method, the strainer's mesh is as fine as possible to remove contaminants therein. However, the fine particles are emulsified and the fine particles are emulsified to remove oil by passing through the fine mesh. It became more difficult. On the other hand, in the present invention, since the pressure resistance of the strainer is small, no emulsification occurs, so that the separation of oil in the following granulator 114 becomes easier, and the emulsified oil which has not been conventionally promoted further emulsification. This can be prevented, so that this can be almost completely eliminated. The high pressure transmission of oil having a high oil viscosity by the strainer is a drawback in that emulsification proceeds, but according to the present invention, it does not require the installation of high pressure water supply, and there is no obstacle caused by this. The element surface is penetrated into the particle of the element and is discharged out of the device, so that it is possible to separate and remove the oil and to remove the contaminants at the same time.

Hereinafter, another embodiment of the oil / water separator according to the present invention will be described.

In FIG. 11, the raw water is passed through an electric device such as a strainer and the like via the pump 212, the first auxiliary chamber 244, the main switching valve 226, and then the element 221 and the main switching valve 226. It is sent to the assembly device 214 containing the element 221 via.

FIG. 12 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the assembling apparatus 214 of FIG. 11. The assembling apparatus 214 is provided with a middle bottom 217 at the bottom of the assembling container, that is, the case 215, and the distribution chamber 218 is opened. Form. An opening 219 is provided at the center of the middle bottom 217, an element chamber 220 is formed on the middle bottom 217, and a specific granulation functional layer having the above-described water permeation absorption function in the element chamber 220. An assembly element 221 having a porous material 224 formed thereon is mounted.

The structure of the element 221 may be the same as that of an element generally used in the related art. In other words, the porous material 224 subjected to the above treatment is wound around a cylindrical body 223 in which a plurality of through holes 222 and 222 are formed in the center, and the cylindrical body 223 is wound. It fits and fixes on the opening part 219 of the middle bottom 217. In this case, a gap portion 233 of a suitable width is formed around and above the element 221.

On the other hand, the inlet (outlet) pipes 227a and 229a communicating with the main switching valve 226 are installed in the assembly device 214, and the connection pipes 227b of the assembly container 215 are installed. do. When the assembly container 215 is one end, it returns from the connecting pipe 227 to the main switching valve 226. Accordingly, the contained water pumped by the main pump 212 is conveyed as the solid line of FIG. 12 via the main switching valve 226, and flows into the elementary seal 220 to enter the porous material of the element 221. It passes through 224 and passes through the opening 219 of the middle bottom 217, and is sent from the outflow pipe 227b to the next stage granulation container, ie, the element seal 220 of the case 215.

In the assembly stage of the next stage, that is, the case 215, the same flow as the assembly vessel 215 of the front end, and after passing the element chamber 220, the element 221, the switch from the distribution chamber 218 past the distribution pipe 229a It is sent to the valve 226 where it enters the second floatation tank (232).

When the contained water flows into the granulation device 214 and penetrates the element 221, the granulated oil is formed by the action of the porous material 224 forming a specific granulation layer passing through the water-permeable absorption function as described above. Theoretically, even micro-dispersed oils of 10 microns or less are actively collected by their oil absorption function, and the oil is grown into coarse particles capable of magnetic flotation, and the oil by the gel layer (oil repelling function) of the porous material 224 with buoyancy is increased. It is separated by the desorption function. In addition, when the element 221 having the special function is permeated, it has been confirmed that even an oil droplet that has become an emulsion phase that has not been possible in the past can be separated from coarse to coarse.

In this way, the oil separated and separated on the granulation device 214 of FIG. 11 is actively extracted at regular or necessary times by the extraction pump 253 of the oil extraction device 251. Send to Joe (232). In particular, in the case where the assembly device 214 is installed in multiple stages, an oil extracting device is installed and operated at each stage, so that the oil having high viscosity and high concentration may have an element 221 in the assembly apparatus 214 of the next stage in the process of assembly. The load on the surface layer portion can be reduced, and the effect and durability of the granulation apparatus 214 can be particularly improved.

That is, compared with the case where the extraction apparatus 251 is not installed in the case 215, it was confirmed that the number of steps of the case 215 is significantly reduced.

In this way, the high concentration of the water sent to the second flotation tank 232 is sent to the apparatus for automatically separating and discharging the oil at all times using the level difference between the liquid level generated by the specific gravity difference between the oil and the water.

Before entering the above description, the conventional technique implemented for this purpose will be described with reference to FIG. That is, the drain pipe inlet 364 of the treated water is installed in the lower portion of the reservoir 336 into which the contained water is introduced, and the drain pipe 363 is vertically raised from the drain pipe inlet 364 to install the drain outlet 365 outside the reservoir. do. A drain pipe inlet 369 is provided in the upper part of the reservoir 362, and the outlet of the drain pipe 368 is also set only outside the reservoir 362. In this case, the drain pipe inlet 369 level is positioned at a position slightly higher than the drain pipe outlet 356 level. This level difference is indicated by Hd in the figure.

On the other hand, the rich oil remaining in the upper portion of the floating tank 332 is gradually pumped to the reservoir 362 by adjusting the floating oil pipe valve 332 '. In the thick oil-containing water, only oil is automatically formed in the upper portion of the reservoir 362 to form an oil layer. When the upper end of this oil layer reaches the oil inlet 369, only oil is always discharged to the outside beyond the oil inlet 369 automatically. The treated water that floats the rich oil enters the drain pipe 363 from the drain pipe inlet 364 at the bottom of the reservoir 362, and is discharged to the outside through the drain pipe hole 365. Here, since the level difference between the drain pipe inlet 369 and the drain pipe outlet 365 is provided, only the treated water is automatically discharged from the drain pipe 363 until the thickness of the oil layer reaches the level difference, and the oil is not discharged. . When the thickness of the oil layer reaches the level difference, only the oil is automatically drained from the oil inlet 369. In other words, the oil surface is always higher than the water surface due to the specific gravity difference between oil and water. Then, using the level difference, it is possible to wait for the formation of the oil layer at least as much as the level difference thickness, and to discharge only the oil from the oil pipe.

Such a conventional apparatus of FIG. 13 accomplishes its function as a stationary apparatus, but has a drawback that cannot cope with the inclination of the apparatus. That is, since there is a distance between the drain pipe outlet 365 and the drain pipe inlet 369, the level difference cannot be maintained when the apparatus is inclined, and there is a drawback of discharging water from the drain pipe inlet 369.

Therefore, the above-mentioned fault is eliminated, and it is supposed that it can fully endure use as an oil-water separator of a ship with many inclinations and vibrations, for example.

It will be described below with reference to the drawings. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment of the present invention, the drain pipe inlet 364 is installed in the lower portion of the reservoir 362, the drain pipe outlet 365 is installed vertically upright on the center of the reservoir 362, the drain pipe outlet ( The upper part of 365 is made into the opening 367, and this opening 367 is coat | covered with the drain pipe 366 set in the position high enough than liquid level, and discharged the process water through this drain pipe 366. . A drain pipe inlet 369 is provided around the drain pipe 366. The oil discharge pipe inlet 369 is set at a position higher than the level of the drain pipe outlet 365 (level difference), thereby separating the oil from the contained water and automatically discharging the oil at all times. As for FIG. 14 of this invention, the following points differ from the conventional thing of FIG. That is, according to the present invention, the drain pipe outlet 365 and the drain pipe inlet 369 are provided in the center water of the reservoir and adjacent to each other with a level difference, and the drain pipe 366 covering the drain pipe outlet 365. The opening 367 is set at a position sufficiently higher than the liquid level. The device is tilted by the structure of the present invention. Even in the case, the level difference between the drain pipe outlet 365 and the drain pipe inlet 369 hardly changes. Therefore, even when the apparatus is inclined, only oil can be discharged from the oil inlet 369. In addition, since the opening 367 of the drain pipe 366 is provided sufficiently higher than the liquid level, the oil content does not invade the drain pipe 366 due to the inclination and shaking. That is, the present invention is an apparatus which is not influenced by the fluctuation of the device and can always separate oil from the contained water automatically and discharge the oil and treated water. If the inlet pipe 368 and the drain pipe 366 are also inclined as shown in FIG. 14, drainage and drainage can also be performed with respect to the inclination of the apparatus. The purpose of this apparatus is to install a ship with a large vibration and inclination, and to achieve the oil / water separation function sufficiently. For example, if the liquid wave is to follow the method of FIG. 16, or has a certain thickness as oil resistance or network structure under the liquid level of this method (366), (369) from the periphery of the liquid surface, The inclination angle, which is a function of the equipment for ship equipment according to the Marine Pollution Prevention Act under the Treaty, is sufficient to cope with the inclination conditions in the direction of 360 °.

Fig. 15 shows an embodiment of a device suitable for the case where the drainage outlet, the drainage inlet drainage inclination is always inclined with respect to the inclination of the apparatus, that is, the inclination of the liquid level.

FIG. 15 shows a drain pipe flexible part 363 ', a drain pipe flexible part 368', and a drain pipe flexible part 366 'in the middle of the drain pipe 366, the drain pipe 368, and the drain pipe 366 in the reservoir 362. And a plurality of floats 372 are extended radially in the drainage pipe 368, a ring-shaped floater 373 is attached to the floaters 372, and the selected floats ( A float guide 374 is provided at the tip of 372. The float guide 374 allows the drain pipe outlet 365 and the drain pipe inlet 369 to be held at the center of the reservoir 362 when the apparatus is inclined. In FIG. 15, the float guide 374 can be rotated in the bent portion. The balance weight 374 _{2 is} provided inside the L-shaped lever 374 ₁ installed in the anti-longitudinal direction, and the guide 374 ₃ is provided at the outer end thereof.

By the above configuration, even when the apparatus, that is, the reservoir is inclined and the liquid level is inclined, the drain pipe outlet 365 and the drain pipe inlet 369 are inclined along the slope. By the action of the float guide 374, the drain pipe outlet 365 and the drain pipe inlet 369 are maintained at the center position of the reservoir 362. That is, when the reservoir 362 is inclined and the surface of the liquid becomes elliptical, the balance weight 374 ₂ corresponding to the long diameter direction of the ellipse falls and pushes the guide 37 ₃ out so that the drain pipe outlet 365, The drain pipe inlet 369 can always be maintained at the center position of the reservoir 362. Also in the case of FIG. 14, when the diameter of the drain pipe inlet 369 is sufficiently small with respect to the reservoir 362. Although it can fully cope with the inclination of the reservoir 362, when the apparatus is enlarged and needs to enlarge the diameter of the oil-resistant inlet 369, the oil layer is inclined by the inclination of the oil-drain inlet 369 of FIG. There is a risk that water on the lower surface will invade from the drain pipe inlet 369. However, in the case of the 15 degree system as described above, the diameter of the oil drainage inlet 369 is comparatively large because there is a feature that can completely correspond to the inclination of the liquid level. That is, even in the case of a large apparatus, it is an extremely excellent automatic oil discharge apparatus which is not influenced by the drainage function with respect to the inclination of the apparatus at all. In addition, although there is an automatic discharge device by an electric sensor, the creamy oil has been developed due to a practical problem due to a malfunction due to the high proportion of water.

As explained above, using the above configuration tilts the device. It is an apparatus that automatically separates and discharges oil from the contained water without being affected by vibration, and particularly exhibits excellent functions as an oil-water separation apparatus for ships.

In order to separate the powdered milk in the water storage tank 362 and the floating tank 332 for a short time, it is effective to install a coalescer (Coalescer). As shown in FIG. 16, the coalescer 370 comprised by the plurality of in the floating tank 332 is laminated by the inclination plate 371 at regular intervals was provided. In general, the larger the particle diameter, the higher the speed of injuries. However, when the liquid is partitioned with a plurality of inclined plates like a coalescer, the injured distance is shortened. In each case, the particles are coalesced to increase. This coarse remains rises along the inclined plate 371, and finally floats on the surface. This is called the coalesce effect. Such a coalescer may be provided not only in the type shown in FIG. 16 but also in the water reservoir on the same drawing, and each floating tank 144 or (244) in the embodiment shown in FIG. ) And (232), the oil-water separation efficiency in the whole system becomes remarkably high.

Hereinafter, another embodiment of the present invention will be described.

In FIG. 17, the raw water is passed to a pump 412 through a prepositioning device such as a strainer, and to an assembling device 414 having an element 421 embedded therein via a first floatation tank 444 and a switching valve 426. It is sent.

18 is a longitudinal section of this granulation apparatus 414. In this granulation apparatus 414, the middle bottom 417 is provided in the granulation cylinder 415 provided in the horizontal direction, and forms the distribution chamber 418. As shown in FIG. An opening 419 is provided in the center of the middle bottom 417, and an element chamber 420 is formed in the middle bottom 417, and a specific assembly function having the above-described water permeability absorption function is provided in the element chamber 423. A granulated element 421 having a layered porous material 424 is provided. The structure of this element 421 may be the same as that of the element generally used conventionally. In other words, the porous material 424 subjected to the above treatment is wound around a cylindrical body 423 in which a plurality of through holes 422 and 422 are installed in the center, and the cylindrical body 423 is wound around the bottom and bottom 417. ) Is laminated on the opening 419 and fixed. In this case, the gap portion 433 is formed at an appropriate width around and above the element 421. This assembling apparatus 414 is provided with inflow (outlet) pipes 427a, 429b, 427b communicating with the switching valve 426. Extraction mechanism 451 for extracting the oil staying in the granulator 414 is connected by the granulator 414 and the inlet (outlet) pipe 429b, the oil is extracted to the top of the extraction tank 456 Then, the treated water from which the floating oil is separated in the extraction tank 456 is passed back to the assembling device 414 or the switching valve 426 after passing through the outflow (inlet) pipe 429b or 427b. . Accordingly, the contained water pumped by the pump 412 is transferred through the switching valve 426 as a solid line of FIGS. 17 and 18 to enter the distribution chamber 418 to remove the porous material 424 of the element 421. It penetrates and passes through the element chamber 423 to the extraction tank 456. The oil extracted above the extraction mechanism 451 is extracted through the oil extraction valve 455 and sent to the second floatation tank 432. On the other hand, the treated water returns to the switching valve 426 via the outflow pipe 427b as described above, passes through the discharge pipe 431, and is pumped to the second upper chamber 432. When the contained water flows into the granulation device 414 and passes through the element 421, the granulated oil is formed by the action of the porous material 424 having a specific oil / water separation function layer having a water permeability absorption function as described above. Of course, even the finely dispersed oil of less than 10μ is actively collected by its oil absorption function, the oil is grown into coarse grains capable of magnetic injury, accompanied by buoyancy, due to the gel layer (oil-repelling function) of the porous material 424 It is separated by the desorption function of oil. In addition, it has been confirmed that when the element 421 having this special function is permeated, it can be grown and separated from the granulation to coarsening even in the form of an emulsion phase which has not been conventionally possible.

In this way, the oil fraction assembled by the granulation device 414 stays in the upper portion of the extraction tank 456, and is periodically driven by the driving device 452 via the extraction valve 455 of the oil extraction mechanism 451. Or actively extracts when necessary to send the oil to the second flotation separation tank (432). In particular, in the case where the assembly device 414 is installed in multiple stages, when the oil extraction mechanism 451 is installed and operated in each stage, the oil of high viscosity and high concentration is assembled in the next stage in the process of assembly. The load on the surface layer portion of the inner element 421 can be reduced, and the effect and durability of the granulation apparatus 414 can be significantly improved.

That is, compared with the case where the extraction mechanism 451 is not installed in the granulation apparatus 414, it was confirmed that the number of stages of the granulation apparatus 414 can be reduced significantly. However, in general, the contained water contains a large amount of contaminants such as suspended matter and fine dust, so that the element 421 is blocked during use, and the function of the element 421 is reduced.

In many conventional methods, in such a case, the operation of the device is stopped and the element 421 is washed to restore the function of the element, which significantly reduces the efficiency of the device, that is, the processing capacity, and the running cost is reduced. However, the present invention solves the above-mentioned shortcomings well, and shows the cleaning effect of the element while continuing the treatment of the contained water without stopping the operation of the apparatus. That is, in the present invention, before the element 421 is blocked, the switching valve 426 is operated to switch the flow direction and to pass water from the opposite direction. By this switching operation, the flow of the contained water passing through the element 421 is alternately reversed as in the solid arrow or the dotted arrow of FIG. For this reason, the contaminants adhering to the surface facing the flow of the porous material 424 are peeled off by countercurrent. Moreover, since granulation and coarse grains are also attached to this surface, these grains are also separated and separated by this reverse flow. In the porous material 424, the granulation and coarsening of the granules proceed in the same manner as the front and back surfaces of the porous material 424, regardless of whether the flow of the containing water is positive. The switching operation of the switching valve 426 may be performed manually every predetermined time, every predetermined throughput, or in response to an increase in the water pressure. It can also be done automatically in conjunction with a timer, flow meter or pressure gauge.

In the so-called alternating operation of switching the flow direction of the contained water of the present invention, separation of the granules from the porous material 424 is good, and the pressure loss by the granulation device 414 is about 0.1 kg / cm ² . Accordingly, the present invention also has a good water permeation efficiency of the element 421 of the present invention and the oil extraction of the granulation device 414 allows the high viscosity oil to be assembled to the element 421 to a low pressure. Is characteristic of.

In general, in the oil / water separator, the oil content becomes finer as the water supply pressure increases, so that the separation ability decreases. However, in the present invention, the water flow pressure for the element 421 may be lowered as described above. In the present invention, a synergistic effect of good granulation of granules is obtained. The above point came to practical use.

While the above description has simultaneously described the case where the granulation apparatus 414 is installed in multiple stages, the granulation apparatus 414 is made into 1 stage or multiple stages by judging the amount of water contained, the concentration of oil, and the viscosity change. You just need to decide. Or by installing in multiple stages, only a part of it is normally used, and in the case of severe conditions, a method of utilizing shear is also considered.

This embodiment again installs the automatic oil discharge device 459 on top of the floating separation tank (432). The weaning automatic discharge device may use any of those shown in FIGS. 14 to 16.

19 shows another embodiment of the method of the present invention, wherein the contained water is transferred to the switching valve 526 through the pump 512 and the first floatation separation tank 544. The coarse oil is removed by the automatic oil removal device 559 of the first floatation separation tank 544. The surface changeover mechanism 577 in the direction of the containing water flow is composed of a motor 575 and a switching valve 526, and the switching valve 526 is a valve for switching the surface change of the containing water flow. In conjunction with the stay prevention mechanism 576, a method of increasing the effect together with reversing the installation angle of the element container 523 is also used.

Referring to the case where the contained water flows in the solid line direction of FIG. 1, the contained water is fed into the distribution chamber 518 of the assembly container 523 in which the element 521 is embedded, and passes through the element 521. Passed through the chamber 523 is sent to the oil extraction unit 551.

FIG. 29 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the element barrel 523, and FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the element 521, showing the direction in which the containing water flows.

In the granulation barrel 523, an assembly element 521 composed of a porous material having the above-described permeable absorption functional layer and the oil / oil repellent functional layer is accommodated. The structure of the element 521 may be the same as that of a conventionally used element, but has a plurality of tubular flow passages 142 formed of a corrugated float structure or a structure similar thereto. It is most preferable by usage to be of. The customs passage 542 of FIG. 21 has an opening 539 at one end, and a closed portion 543 shown in FIGS. 20 and 21 at the other end. When passing through 542, it is configured to pass through the special functional layer described above. The oil extraction device 551 is constituted by a motor 575, an extraction valve 555, and an extraction container 556, and extracts oil automatically or manually according to pressure or time, and thus, a second floatation separation tank ( 532).

The treated water from which the oil is extracted is transferred to the granulation barrel 523 of the next stage. When the granulation container 523 is one end, the treated water returns from the extraction container 556 to the switching valve 526. When the switching valve 526 is switched and the contained water flows in the wire direction in FIG. 19, the flow in the opposite direction to the solid line is obtained, and the same action and effect as in the solid line are obtained. The treated water sent out from the final extraction tank 556 returns to the switching valve 526 and is sent to the second floatation tank 532 here. When the contained water passes through the special functional layer of the element 521, the oil is granulated, but even microdispersed oil of 1 micron or less is actively collected by the lipophilic function, and the oil grows into coarse particles capable of magnetic injury. The buoyancy and separation by the desorption function by the gel layer (oil repellent function) of the porous material. When the element 521 having this special function is permeated, it has been confirmed that even in the case of an oil-in-oil which has not been conventionally formed, it can grow from coarse to coarse and separate and injured.

As such, the oil fraction separated from the upper portion of the assembly barrel 523 is actively extracted by the oil extraction unit 551.

Particularly, in the case where the element cylinder 523 is installed in multiple stages, when the oil extraction device 551 is installed and operated at each stage, the load on the element 521 of the next stage in the process of assembling and processing the high viscosity and the high concentration of oil. Can be reduced, and the effect and durability of the element 521 can be significantly improved. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 19, the element 521 and the stay prevention mechanism 576 of the granulated oil in the granulated container 523 are provided. When this is explained according to the embodiment of Fig. 19, the assembly container 523 is inclined at an angle A ₁ , and is installed such that the outflow side open end of the tubular passage of the corrugated float structure can be rotated so as to always take the ascending position. Power for this rotation is configured to be obtained by the motor 575.

In the case of the angle A ₁ , the contained water flows in the direction of the solid line, and when flowing in the opposite direction, the inclination may be reversed in the direction of the angle A ₂ .

By inverting the inclination angle as described above, the oil fraction assembled in the tubular flow passage 542 and the granulation barrel 523 of the element 521 floats and is extracted from the upper extraction device 551 without remaining completely. It was able to improve the separation removal function of. If the conditions of the contained water are good, the apparatus may be used with the granulation barrel in a horizontal position, that is, the inclination angle of the granulation barrel is zero.

It was confirmed that the number of stages of the assembly container 523 can be reduced significantly compared with the case where the extraction apparatus 551 is not provided in the assembly container 523 by the above characteristics. However, in general, the contained water contains a large amount of suspended matter and fine particles such as fine dust. The element 521 is clogged during use, and the function of the element 521 is rapidly deteriorated. In many conventional methods, in such a case, the operation of the device is stopped and the element 521 is washed to restore the function of the element 521, which significantly reduces the efficiency of the device, that is, the processing capacity, and also the running. In many cases, the cost increases and becomes obsolete. However, the present invention solves the above-mentioned shortcomings and achieves the cleaning effect of the element while continuously processing the contained water without stopping the operation of the apparatus.

By the synergistic effect of the above two requirements, that is, preventing the residence of oil in the elements 521 and the granulation barrel 523, and switching the flow direction of the containing water to the surface, It has been confirmed that response can be maintained for an extremely long time. That is, in the present invention, before the element 521 is blocked, the switching valve 526 is operated as described above to switch the flow direction and pass water from the opposite direction. In this switching operation, the flow of the containing water passing through the element 521 is alternately reversed, as in the solid arrow or the dotted arrow of FIG. 19, respectively. As a result, the contaminants adhering to the surface facing the flow of the element 521 are peeled off by the reverse flow. Since the granulated and coarse granules are attached to the back surface, such granules are separated and separated by this reverse flow. Regardless of the flow of the contained water, the element 521 has the same front and back surfaces so that the granules are coarse and coarse. The switching operation of the switching valve 526 may be performed manually every predetermined time, every predetermined throughput, or in accordance with an increase in the water supply pressure, or may be automatically linked with a timer, a flow meter, a pressure gauge, or the like.

In the so-called alternating operation for switching the flow direction of the contained water of the present invention, separation of the particles from the element 521 is good, and the pressure loss by the granulation barrel 523 is about 0.1 to 0.4 kg / cm ² . to be. That is, the high permeability and the high concentration of the oil to the element 521 by the synergistic effect of the permeable effect of the element 521 of the present invention is good, and the forced extraction device 451 of the assembly cylinder 523. It is also an excellent feature of the present invention that the low pressure can be achieved.

In general, in the oil / water separator, the higher the water pressure, the finer the oil is, so that the separation function is lowered. However, in the present invention, the water flow pressure to the element 521 may be lowered as described above. In this invention, the synergistic effect that granulation of a grain is made good is obtained. The above point leads to practical use.

In the above description, the facility name was solved at the same time when the granulation barrel 523 was installed in multiple stages. However, it is sufficient to determine whether the granulation barrel 523 is configured in one stage or in multiple stages by judging the amount of water contained, the concentration of oil, and the viscosity. . Alternatively, a method of installing in multiple stages, using only a part of the plain, and using shearing in the case of severe conditions is also contemplated.

In the present invention, when the surface plate switching mechanism 577 in the flow direction of the contained water and the oil retention prevention mechanism 576 are controlled in conjunction with each other, the structure becomes simple, the whole apparatus becomes compact, and the effect of the apparatus can be further ensured. have.

In other words, the embodiment of FIG. 19 will be described. When the surface switching mechanism 577 and the oil retention mechanism 576 in the flow direction of the contained water are connected and controlled simultaneously by the same motor 575, the flow Since the reversal of the direction and the change of the inclination angle of the assembly barrel are performed at the same time, as well as the retention oil in the elements 521 and the assembly barrel 523, the impurities are automatically separated from the element 521 each time the flow direction is changed. Can be extracted completely.

Claims (1)

In the oil / water separator (114) by granulation, a water-insoluble hydrogel layer is attached to the surface of the porous material 124 to maintain its porosity, thereby preventing oil and oil repellent function and permeability absorption. An assembly element 121 having an assembly layer having a function; A case 115 for receiving the assembly element; Means for introducing water containing a dispersion droplet from the outside of the case, passing water from each side of the granulated element to the other side in the forward two directions, and outflowing the outside of the case again. Oil-water separator.

Images