KR20240022260A - Electrochromic device and window apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

Examples include a first substrate; a second substrate disposed on the first substrate; and an electrochromic portion disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, disposed on one side of the electrochromic portion, and together with the first substrate and the second substrate, the first substrate and the second substrate. An electrochromic device is provided, including a sealing portion that seals a space between substrates, wherein the sealing portion includes moisture-absorbing particles.

Description

Electrochromic device and window apparatus including the same {Electrochromic device and window apparatus}

Embodiments relate to electrochromic devices and window devices including the same.

Electrochromic film is a film whose color changes due to coloring and decolorization due to oxidation-reduction reactions at each anode and cathode due to an applied potential. It is a film that allows the user to artificially control visible light and infrared light, and is available in a variety of types. Inorganic oxides are used as electrode materials.

Various electrochromic films as described above have been developed and applied for patents. Looking at the contents of the patent applications, Korea Patent Publication No. 2001-0087586 discloses a film in which a conductive indium-tin oxide thin film is deposited on a glass film. MoO3, a reduced color oxide, is deposited on one of the two ITO films (1A, 1B), and WO3, a reduced color oxide, is deposited on the other, and then a lithium-based solid electrolyte, an alkali metal, is deposited on it. Polyaniline, a conductive polymer, is put between the two sheets and passed through a high-frequency compression roller to produce a film that changes from transparent to blue when voltage is applied. In Domestic Registered Utility Model Publication No. 0184841, indium-tinoxide is deposited on a glass film with a thickness of 005 mm. After that, the electrical energy is characterized in that it is combined with a high-frequency roller on both sides of the transition metal oxide film on which WO ₃ , a reduced coloring material, and IrO ₂ , an oxidized coloring material, are deposited with α-PEO copolymer, a polymer solid electrolyte, in between. A discoloring film is known.

The embodiment seeks to provide an electrochromic device with improved durability and a method of manufacturing the same.

An electrochromic device according to an embodiment includes a first substrate; a second substrate disposed on the first substrate; and an electrochromic portion disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, disposed on one side of the electrochromic portion, and together with the first substrate and the second substrate, the first substrate and the second substrate. It includes a sealing portion that seals the space between the substrates, and the sealing portion includes moisture-absorbing particles.

In one embodiment, the electrochromic unit includes: a first transparent electrode disposed on the first substrate; a first discoloring layer disposed on the first transparent electrode; An electrolyte layer disposed on the first discoloration layer; a second discoloration layer disposed on the electrolyte layer; and a second transparent electrode disposed on the second discoloration layer.

In one embodiment, the sealing part may directly contact the first substrate and the second substrate.

In one embodiment, the sealing part may directly contact the third side of the second substrate and the top surface of the first substrate.

In one embodiment, the sealing part may contain a reducing agent.

In one embodiment, the sealing part may include a curable resin.

In one embodiment, the moisture-absorbing particles may include zeolite.

In one embodiment, the moisture-absorbing particles may have a specific surface area of 80 m2/g to 100 m2/g.

In one embodiment, the moisture-absorbing particles may have cavities having a size of 3Å to 10Å.

In one embodiment, the moisture-absorbing particles may have an average particle diameter (D50) of 5㎛ to 10㎛.

An electrochromic device according to an embodiment includes a first substrate; a second substrate disposed on the first substrate; and an electrochromic portion disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, disposed on one side of the electrochromic portion, and together with the first substrate and the second substrate, the first substrate and the second substrate. It seals the space between the substrates and includes a sealing portion disposed around the electrochromic portion, and the edge performance degradation measured by the following measurement method may be 10% or less.

[measurement method]

The electrochromic portion includes an outer region having a width of 10 mm from the sealing portion to the center of the electrochromic portion, and when the electrochromic element is left for 48 hours under the temperature conditions of 85° C. and 85%, It is the absolute value of the difference between the colored transmittance in the center area of the electrochromic part and the colored transmittance in the outer area.

In one embodiment, the first substrate, the second substrate, and the sealing unit may be flexible.

A window device according to one embodiment includes a frame; a window mounted on the frame; and an electrochromic element disposed in the transmission area, wherein the electrochromic element includes: a first substrate; a second substrate disposed on the first substrate; and an electrochromic portion disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, disposed on one side of the electrochromic portion, and together with the first substrate and the second substrate, the first substrate and the second substrate. It seals the space between the substrates and includes a sealing portion disposed around the electrochromic portion, and the edge performance degradation measured by the following measurement method may be 10% or less.

[measurement method]

The electrochromic portion includes an outer region having a width of 10 mm from the sealing portion to the center of the electrochromic portion, and when the electrochromic element is left for 48 hours under the temperature conditions of 85° C. and 85%, It is the absolute value of the difference between the colored transmittance in the center area of the electrochromic part and the colored transmittance in the outer area.

The electrochromic device according to the embodiment includes the first substrate and the second substrate, and a sealing portion that seals the space between the first substrate and the second substrate, and the sealing portion includes moisture-absorbing particles. In particular, the moisture-absorbing particles may include zeolite.

Accordingly, when moisture flows in from the outside, the sealing unit can cap the inflow moisture using the moisture-absorbing particles.

Accordingly, the sealing part can efficiently protect the electrochromic part disposed inside from an external high-humidity environment.

In addition, the electrochromic device according to the embodiment has edge performance degradation of 10% or less. In particular, the electrochromic device according to the embodiment has a small transmittance difference between the center portion and the edge portion, even when exposed to a high humidity environment. Accordingly, the electrochromic device according to the embodiment may have an overall uniform appearance.

Additionally, because the moisture-absorbing particles contain zeolite, they can capture volatile organic substances in addition to moisture.

Accordingly, the electrochromic device according to the embodiment can remove volatile organic substances that may be generated between windows. Accordingly, the window device according to the embodiment can increase the content of inert gas between windows and have high thermal insulation performance.

1 is a plan view showing an electrochromic device according to an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A' in FIG. 1.
Figures 3 to 6 are cross-sectional views showing the process of manufacturing an electrochromic device according to an embodiment.
Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view showing an electrochromic device according to another embodiment.
Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a window device according to an embodiment.

In the description of the embodiment, when each part, surface, layer, or substrate is described as being formed “on” or “under” each part, surface, layer, or substrate, “On” and “under” include those formed “directly” or “indirectly” through other components. In addition, the standards for the top or bottom of each component are explained based on the drawings. The size of each component in the drawings may be exaggerated for explanation and does not indicate the actual size.

1 is a plan view showing an electrochromic device according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A' in FIG. 1.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2 , the electrochromic device 11 according to the embodiment includes a first substrate 100, a second substrate 200, an electrochromic portion 10, and a sealing portion 800.

The first substrate 100, together with the second substrate 200, includes the first transparent electrode 300, the first color changing layer 500, the second color changing layer 600, and the second transparent electrode. (400) and supports the electrolyte layer (700).

In addition, the first substrate 100, along with the second substrate 200, include the first transparent electrode 300, the first color changing layer 500, the second color changing layer 600, and the second transparent electrode 300. The electrode 400 and the electrolyte layer 700 are sandwiched. The first substrate 100, together with the second substrate 200, includes the first transparent electrode 300, the first color changing layer 500, the second color changing layer 600, and the second transparent electrode ( 400) and the electrolyte layer 700 can be protected from external physical and chemical shock.

The first substrate 100 may include polymer resin. The first substrate 100 may include at least one from the group consisting of polyester-based resin, polyimide-based resin, cyclic olefin polymer resin, polyethersulfone, polycarbonate, or polyolefin-based resin.

The first substrate 100 may include polyester resin as a main component. The first substrate 100 may include polyethylene terephthalate. The first substrate 100 may contain polyethylene terephthalate in an amount of about 90 wt% or more based on the total composition. The first substrate 100 may contain polyethylene terephthalate in an amount of about 95 wt% or more based on the total composition. The first substrate 100 may contain polyethylene terephthalate in an amount of about 97 wt% or more based on the total composition. The first substrate 100 may contain polyethylene terephthalate in an amount of about 98 wt% or more based on the total composition.

The first substrate 100 may include a uniaxially or biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate film. The first substrate 100 may include a polyethylene terephthalate film stretched about 2 to about 5 times in the longitudinal direction and/or the width direction.

The first substrate 100 may have high mechanical properties to reinforce the glass when applied to the windows of a building or vehicle.

The first substrate 100 may have a tensile strength of about 7 kgf/mm2 to about 40 kgf/mm2 in the longitudinal direction. The first substrate 100 may have a tensile strength of about 8 kgf/mm2 to about 35 kgf/mm2 in the longitudinal direction.

The first substrate 100 may have a tensile strength of about 7 kgf/mm2 to about 40 kgf/mm2 in the width direction. The first substrate 100 may have a tensile strength of about 8 kgf/mm2 to about 35 kgf/mm2 in the width direction.

The first substrate 100 may have a modulus of about 200 kgf/mm2 to about 400 kgf/mm2 in the longitudinal direction. The first substrate 100 may have a modulus of about 250 kgf/mm2 to about 350 kgf/mm2 in the longitudinal direction. The first substrate 100 may have a modulus of about 250 kgf/mm2 to about 270 kgf/mm2 in the longitudinal direction.

The first substrate 100 may have a modulus of about 200 kgf/mm2 to about 400 kgf/mm2 in the width direction. The first substrate 100 may have a modulus of about 250 kgf/mm2 to about 350 kgf/mm2 in the width direction. The first substrate 100 may have a modulus of about 250 kgf/mm2 to about 270 kgf/mm2 in the width direction.

The first substrate 100 may have an elongation at break of about 30% to about 150% in the longitudinal direction. The first substrate 100 may have an elongation at break of about 30% to about 130% in the longitudinal direction. The first substrate 100 may have an elongation at break of about 40% to about 120% in the longitudinal direction.

The first substrate 100 may have an elongation at break of about 30% to about 150% in the longitudinal direction. The first substrate 100 may have an elongation at break of about 30% to about 130% in the longitudinal direction. The first substrate 100 may have an elongation at break of about 40% to about 120% in the longitudinal direction.

The first substrate 100 may have an elongation at break of about 30% to about 150% in the width direction. The first substrate 100 may have an elongation at break of about 30% to about 130% in the width direction. The first substrate 100 may have an elongation at break of about 40% to about 120% in the width direction.

The modulus, the elongation at break and the tensile strength can be measured according to KS B 5521.

Additionally, the modulus, tensile strength, and elongation at break can be measured by ASTM D882.

Because the first substrate 100 has the improved mechanical strength as described above, the first transparent electrode 300, the second transparent electrode 400, the first color change layer 500, and the second color change layer (600) and the electrolyte layer 700 can be efficiently protected. Additionally, because the first substrate 100 has improved mechanical strength as described above, it can efficiently reinforce the mechanical strength of the glass to which it is to be attached.

Additionally, the first substrate 100 may have high chemical resistance. Accordingly, even if the electrolyte contained in the electrolyte leaks to the first substrate 100, damage to the surface of the first substrate 100 can be minimized.

The first substrate 100 may have improved optical properties. The total light transmittance of the first substrate 100 may be about 55% or more. The total light transmittance of the first substrate 100 may be about 70% or more. The total light transmittance of the first substrate 100 may be about 75% to about 99%. The total light transmittance of the first substrate 100 may be about 80% to about 99%.

The haze of the first substrate 100 may be about 20% or less. It may be from about 0.1% to about 20%. The haze of the first substrate 100 may be about 0.1% to about 10%. The haze of the first substrate 100 may be about 0.1% to about 7%.

The total light transmittance and the haze can be measured by ASTM D 1003, etc.

Since the first substrate 100 has appropriate total light transmittance and haze, the electrochromic device according to the embodiment can have improved optical properties. That is, because the first substrate 100 has appropriate transmittance and haze, the electrochromic device according to the embodiment is applied to the window, appropriately adjusting the transmittance, minimizing distortion of the image from the outside, and improving appearance. You can have

Additionally, the first substrate 100 may have an in-plane retardation of about 100 nm to about 4000 nm. The first substrate 100 may have an in-plane retardation of about 200 nm to about 3500 nm. The first substrate 100 may have an in-plane retardation of about 200 nm to about 3000 nm.

The first substrate 100 may have an in-plane retardation of about 7000 nm or more. The first substrate 100 may have an in-plane retardation of about 7000 nm to about 50000 nm. The first substrate 100 may have an in-plane retardation of about 8000 nm to about 20000 nm.

The in-plane phase difference can be derived from the refractive index and thickness depending on the direction of the first substrate 100.

Since the first substrate 100 has the above-described in-plane retardation, the decor sheet according to the embodiment may have an improved appearance.

The thickness of the first substrate 100 may be about 10 μm to about 200 μm. The thickness of the first substrate 100 may be about 23 μm to about 150 μm. The thickness of the first substrate 100 may be about 30 μm to about 120 μm.

The first substrate 100 may include organic or inorganic filler. The organic or inorganic filler may function as an anti-blocking agent.

The average particle diameter of the filler may be about 0.1 μm to about 5 μm. The average particle diameter of the filler may be about 0.1 μm to about 3 μm. The average particle diameter of the filler may be about 0.1 μm to about 1 μm.

The filler may be selected from at least one group consisting of silica particles, barium sulfate particles, alumina particles, or titania particles.

Additionally, the filler may be included in the first substrate 100 in an amount of about 0.01 wt% to about 3 wt% based on the entire first substrate 100. The filler may be included in the first substrate 100 in an amount of about 0.05 wt% to about 2 wt% based on the entire first substrate 100.

The first substrate 100 may have a single-layer structure. For example, the first substrate 100 may be a single-layer polyester film.

The first substrate 100 may have a multilayer structure. For example, the first substrate 100 may be a multilayer co-extruded film. The multilayer coextruded structure may include a center layer, a first surface layer, and a second surface layer. The filler may be included in the first surface layer and the second surface layer.

The second substrate 200 faces the first substrate 100. The second substrate 200 is disposed on the first substrate 100. One end of the second substrate 200 may be arranged to be offset from one end of the first substrate 100 . The other end of the second substrate 200 may be arranged to be offset from the other end of the first substrate 100.

The second substrate 200 includes the first substrate 100, the first transparent electrode 300, the first color changing layer 500, the second color changing layer 600, and the second transparent electrode. (400) and supports the electrolyte layer (700).

In addition, the second substrate 200 includes the first substrate 100, the first transparent electrode 300, the first color changing layer 500, the second color changing layer 600, and the second transparent electrode 300. The electrode 400 and the electrolyte layer 700 are sandwiched. The second substrate 200, together with the first substrate 100, includes the first transparent electrode 300, the first color changing layer 500, the second color changing layer 600, and the second transparent electrode ( 400) and the electrolyte layer 700 can be protected from external physical and chemical shock.

The second substrate 200 may include polymer resin. The second substrate 200 may include at least one from the group consisting of polyester-based resin, polyimide-based resin, cyclic olefin polymer resin, polyethersulfone, polycarbonate, or polyolefin-based resin.

The second substrate 200 may include polyester resin as a main component. The second substrate 200 may include polyethylene terephthalate. The second substrate 200 may contain polyethylene terephthalate in an amount of about 90 wt% or more based on the total composition. The second substrate 200 may contain polyethylene terephthalate in an amount of about 95 wt% or more based on the total composition. The second substrate 200 may contain polyethylene terephthalate in an amount of about 97 wt% or more based on the total composition. The second substrate 200 may contain polyethylene terephthalate in an amount of about 98 wt% or more based on the total composition.

The second substrate 200 may include a uniaxially or biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate film. The second substrate 200 may include a polyethylene terephthalate film stretched about 2 to about 5 times in the longitudinal direction and/or the width direction.

The second substrate 200 may have high mechanical properties to reinforce the glass when applied to the windows of a building or vehicle.

The second substrate 200 may have a tensile strength of about 7 kgf/mm2 to about 40 kgf/mm2 in the longitudinal direction. The second substrate 200 may have a tensile strength of about 8 kgf/mm2 to about 35 kgf/mm2 in the longitudinal direction.

The second substrate 200 may have a tensile strength of about 7 kgf/mm2 to about 40 kgf/mm2 in the width direction. The second substrate 200 may have a tensile strength of about 8 kgf/mm2 to about 35 kgf/mm2 in the width direction.

The second substrate 200 may have a modulus of about 200 kgf/mm2 to about 400 kgf/mm2 in the longitudinal direction. The second substrate 200 may have a modulus of about 250 kgf/mm2 to about 350 kgf/mm2 in the longitudinal direction. The second substrate 200 may have a modulus of about 250 kgf/mm2 to about 270 kgf/mm2 in the longitudinal direction.

The second substrate 200 may have a modulus of about 200 kgf/mm2 to about 400 kgf/mm2 in the width direction. The second substrate 200 may have a modulus of about 250 kgf/mm2 to about 350 kgf/mm2 in the width direction. The second substrate 200 may have a modulus of about 250 kgf/mm2 to about 270 kgf/mm2 in the width direction.

The second substrate 200 may have an elongation at break of about 30% to about 150% in the longitudinal direction. The second substrate 200 may have an elongation at break of about 30% to about 130% in the longitudinal direction. The second substrate 200 may have an elongation at break of about 40% to about 120% in the longitudinal direction.

The second substrate 200 may have an elongation at break of about 30% to about 150% in the longitudinal direction. The second substrate 200 may have an elongation at break of about 30% to about 130% in the longitudinal direction. The second substrate 200 may have an elongation at break of about 40% to about 120% in the longitudinal direction.

The second substrate 200 may have an elongation at break of about 30% to about 150% in the width direction. The second substrate 200 may have an elongation at break of about 30% to about 130% in the width direction. The second substrate 200 may have an elongation at break of about 40% to about 120% in the width direction.

Because the second substrate 200 has the improved mechanical strength as described above, the first transparent electrode 300, the second transparent electrode 400, the first color changing layer 500, and the second color changing layer (600) and the electrolyte layer 700 can be efficiently protected. Additionally, because the second substrate 200 has improved mechanical strength as described above, it can efficiently reinforce the mechanical strength of the glass to which it is to be attached.

Additionally, the second substrate 200 may have high chemical resistance. Accordingly, even if the electrolyte contained in the electrolyte leaks to the second substrate 200, damage to the surface of the second substrate 200 can be minimized.

The second substrate 200 may have improved optical properties. The total light transmittance of the second substrate 200 may be about 55% or more. The total light transmittance of the second substrate 200 may be about 70% or more. The total light transmittance of the second substrate 200 may be about 75% to about 99%. The total light transmittance of the second substrate 200 may be about 80% to about 99%.

The haze of the second substrate 200 may be about 20% or less. It may be from about 0.1% to about 20%. The haze of the second substrate 200 may be about 0.1% to about 10%. The haze of the second substrate 200 may be about 0.1% to about 7%.

Since the second substrate 200 has appropriate total light transmittance and haze, the electrochromic device according to the embodiment can have improved optical properties. That is, because the second substrate 200 has appropriate transmittance and haze, the electrochromic device according to the embodiment is applied to the window, appropriately adjusting the transmittance, minimizing distortion of the image from the outside, and improving appearance. You can have

Additionally, the second substrate 200 may have an in-plane retardation of about 100 nm to about 4000 nm. The second substrate 200 may have an in-plane retardation of about 200 nm to about 3500 nm. The second substrate 200 may have an in-plane retardation of about 200 nm to about 3000 nm.

The second substrate 200 may have an in-plane retardation of about 7000 nm or more. The second substrate 200 may have an in-plane retardation of about 7000 nm to about 50000 nm. The second substrate 200 may have an in-plane retardation of about 8000 nm to about 20000 nm.

The in-plane retardation may be derived from the refractive index and thickness of the second substrate 200 according to its direction.

Since the second substrate 200 has the same in-plane phase difference as described above, the decor sheet according to the embodiment may have an improved appearance.

The thickness of the second substrate 200 may be about 10 μm to about 200 μm. The thickness of the first substrate 100 may be about 23 μm to about 150 μm. The thickness of the first substrate 100 may be about 30 μm to about 120 μm.

The second substrate 200 may include organic or inorganic filler. The organic or inorganic filler may function as an anti-blocking agent.

The average particle diameter of the filler may be about 0.1 μm to about 5 μm. The average particle diameter of the filler may be about 0.1 μm to about 3 μm. The average particle diameter of the filler may be about 0.1 μm to about 1 μm.

The filler may be selected from at least one group consisting of silica particles, barium sulfate particles, alumina particles, or titania particles.

Additionally, the filler may be included in the second substrate 200 in an amount of about 0.01 wt% to about 3 wt% based on the entire second substrate 200. The filler may be included in the second substrate 200 in an amount of about 0.05 wt% to about 2 wt% based on the entire second substrate 200.

The second substrate 200 may have a single-layer structure. For example, the second substrate 200 may be a single-layer polyester film.

The second substrate 200 may have a multilayer structure. For example, the second substrate 200 may be a multilayer co-extruded film.

The first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200 may be flexible. Accordingly, the electrochromic device according to the embodiment may be flexible as a whole.

The electrochromic portion 10 is disposed in the center of the electrochromic device according to the embodiment. The electrochromic unit 10 can change its transmittance by an external electrical driving signal. The electrochromic unit 10 can be colored or discolored by the driving signal and change its transmittance.

The electrochromic portion 10 includes a first transparent electrode 300, a second transparent electrode 400, a first color change layer 500, a second color change layer 600, and an electrolyte layer 700.

The first transparent electrode 300 is disposed on the first substrate 100. The first transparent electrode 300 may be formed by depositing on the first substrate 100. Additionally, a hard coating layer may be further included between the first transparent electrode 300 and the first substrate 100.

The first transparent electrode 300 is made of tin oxide, zinc oxide, silver (Ag), chromium (Cr), indium tin oxide (ITO), fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO), and aluminum. Aluminum doped Zinc Oxide (AZO), Gallium doped Zinc Oxide (GZO), Antimony doped Tin Oxide (ATO), Indium zinc oxide (IZO), It may include at least one from the group consisting of Niobium doped Titanium Oxide (NTO) or Cadmium Tin Oxide (CTO).

Additionally, the first transparent electrode 300 may include graphene, silver nanowire, and/or metal mesh.

The first transparent electrode 300 may have a total light transmittance of about 80% or more. The first transparent electrode 300 may have a total light transmittance of about 85% or more. The first transparent electrode 300 may have a total light transmittance of about 88% or more.

The first transparent electrode 300 may have a haze of about 10% or less. The first transparent electrode 300 may have a haze of about 7% or less. The first transparent electrode 300 may have a haze of about 5% or less.

The sheet resistance of the first transparent electrode 300 may be about 1Ω/sq to 60Ω/sq. The sheet resistance of the first transparent electrode 300 may be about 1Ω/sq to 40Ω/sq. The sheet resistance of the first transparent electrode 300 may be about 1Ω/sq to 30Ω/sq.

The thickness of the first transparent electrode 300 may be about 50 nm to about 50 μm. The thickness of the first transparent electrode 300 may be about 100 nm to about 10 μm. The thickness of the first transparent electrode 300 may be about 150 nm to about 5 μm.

The first transparent electrode 300 is electrically connected to the first color change layer 500. Additionally, the first transparent electrode 300 is electrically connected to the electrolyte layer 700 through the first discoloration layer 500.

The second transparent electrode 400 is disposed below the second substrate 200. The second transparent electrode 400 may be formed by depositing on the second substrate 200. Additionally, a hard coating layer may be further included between the second transparent electrode 400 and the second substrate 200.

The second transparent electrode 400 is made of tin oxide, zinc oxide, silver (Ag), chromium (Cr), indium tin oxide (ITO), fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO), and aluminum. Aluminum doped Zinc Oxide (AZO), Gallium doped Zinc Oxide (GZO), Antimony doped Tin Oxide (ATO), Indium zinc oxide (IZO), It may include at least one from the group consisting of Niobium doped Titanium Oxide (NTO) or Cadmium Tin Oxide (CTO).

Additionally, the second transparent electrode 400 may include graphene, silver nanowire, and/or metal mesh.

The second transparent electrode 400 may have a total light transmittance of about 80% or more. The second transparent electrode 400 may have a total light transmittance of about 85% or more. The second transparent electrode 400 may have a total light transmittance of about 88% or more.

The second transparent electrode 400 may have a haze of about 10% or less. The second transparent electrode 400 may have a haze of about 7% or less. The second transparent electrode 400 may have a haze of about 5% or less.

The sheet resistance of the second transparent electrode 400 may be about 1Ω/sq to 60Ω/sq. The sheet resistance of the second transparent electrode 400 may be about 1Ω/sq to 40Ω/sq. The sheet resistance of the second transparent electrode 400 may be about 1Ω/sq to 30Ω/sq.

The thickness of the second transparent electrode 400 may be about 50 nm to about 50 μm. The thickness of the second transparent electrode 400 may be about 100 nm to about 10 μm. The thickness of the second transparent electrode 400 may be about 150 nm to about 5 μm.

The second transparent electrode 400 is electrically connected to the second color change layer 600. Additionally, the second transparent electrode 400 is electrically connected to the electrolyte layer 700 through the second discoloration layer 600.

The first discoloration layer 500 is disposed on the first transparent electrode 300. The first discoloration layer 500 may be placed directly on the upper surface of the first transparent electrode 300. The first discoloration layer 500 may be directly electrically connected to the first transparent electrode 300.

The first discoloration layer 500 is electrically connected to the first transparent electrode 300. The first discoloration layer 500 may be directly connected to the first transparent electrode 300. Additionally, the first discoloration layer 500 is electrically connected to the electrolyte layer 700. The first discoloration layer 500 may be electrically connected to the electrolyte layer 700.

The first color changing layer 500 may change color by receiving electrons. The first color changing layer 500 may include a first electrochromic material that changes color when supplied with electrons. The first electrochromic material is tungsten oxide, niobium pentaoxide, vanadium pentaoxide, titanium oxide, molybdenum oxide, vilogen, or poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene). ;PEDOT) may include at least one from the group.

The first color changing layer 500 may include the first electrochromic material in particle form. The tungsten oxide, niobium pentaoxide, vanadium pentaoxide, titanium oxide, and molybdenum oxide may be particles having a particle size of about 1 nm to about 200 nm.

Additionally, the first discoloration layer 500 may further include a binder. The binder may be an inorganic binder. The binder may include silica gel. The binder may be formed of silica sol containing tetramethoxysilane or methyltrimethoxysilane.

The second color change layer 600 is disposed below the second transparent electrode 400. The second discoloration layer 600 may be directly disposed on the lower surface of the second transparent electrode 400. The second discoloration layer 600 may be directly electrically connected to the second transparent electrode 400.

The second color changing layer 600 is electrically connected to the second transparent electrode 400. The second color change layer 600 may be directly connected to the second transparent electrode 400. Additionally, the second discoloration layer 600 is electrically connected to the electrolyte layer 700. The second discoloration layer 600 may be electrically connected to the electrolyte layer 700.

The second color changing layer 600 may change color as it loses electrons. The second color changing layer 600 may include a second electrochromic material that is oxidized and changes color while losing electrons. The second discoloration layer 600 may include at least one from the group consisting of Prussian blue, nickel oxide, and iridium oxide.

The second color changing layer 600 may include the second electrochromic material in particle form. The Prussian blue, nickel oxide, and iridium oxide may be particles having a particle size of about 1 nm to about 200 nm.

Additionally, the second discoloration layer 600 may further include the binder.

The electrolyte layer 700 is disposed on the first discoloration layer 500. Additionally, the electrolyte layer 700 is disposed below the second discoloration layer 600. The electrolyte layer 700 is disposed between the first discoloring layer 500 and the second discoloring layer 600.

The electrolyte layer 700 may include a solid polymer electrolyte containing metal ions or an inorganic hydrate. The electrolyte layer 700 may include lithium ions (Li+), sodium ions (Na+), potassium ions (K+), etc.

Specifically, Poly-AMPS, PEO/LiCF ₃ SO ₃ , etc. can be used as the solid polymer electrolyte, and Sb ₂ O ₅ .4H ₂ O, etc. can be used as the inorganic hydrate.

Additionally, the electrolyte layer 700 is configured to provide electrolyte ions involved in electrochromic reaction. The electrolyte ion may be, for example, a monovalent cation such as H+, Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, or Cs+.

The electrolyte layer 700 may include an electrolyte. As examples of the electrolyte, liquid electrolyte, gel polymer electrolyte, or inorganic solid electrolyte can be used without limitation. Additionally, the electrolyte may be used in the form of a single layer or film so that it can be stacked together with the electrode or substrate.

The type of electrolyte salt used in the electrolyte layer 700 is not particularly limited as long as it can contain a compound capable of providing monovalent cations, that is, H+, Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, or Cs+. For example, the electrolyte layer 700 includes LiClO ₄ , LiBF ₄ , LiAsF ₆ , LiPF ₆ , LiCl, LiBr, LiI, LiB ₁₀ Cl ₁₀ , LiCF ₃ SO ₃ , LiCF ₃ CO ₂ , LiAsF ₆ , LiSbF ₆ , Lithium salt compounds such as LiAlCl ₄ , CH ₃ SO ₃ Li, CF ₃ SO ₃ Li or (CF ₃ SO ₂ ) ₂ NLi; Alternatively, it may include a sodium salt compound such as NaClO ₄ .

In one example, the electrolyte layer 700 may include a Cl or F element-containing compound as an electrolyte salt. Specifically, the electrolyte layer 700 is LiClO ₄ , LiBF ₄ , LiAsF ₆ , LiPF ₆ , LiCl, LiB ₁₀ Cl ₁₀ , LiCF ₃ SO ₃ , LiCF ₃ CO ₂ , LiAsF ₆ , LiSbF ₆ , LiAlCl ₄ , CF ₃ It may include one or more electrolyte salts selected from SO ₃ Li, (CF ₃ SO ₂ ) ₂ NLi, and NaClO ₄ .

The electrolyte may further include a carbonate compound as a solvent. Since carbonate-based compounds have a high dielectric constant, ionic conductivity can be increased. As a non-limiting example, a solvent such as propylene carbonate (PC), ethylene carbonate (EC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), or ethylmethyl carbonate (EMC) may be used as a carbonate-based compound.

In another example, when the electrolyte layer 700 includes a gel polymer electrolyte, the electrolyte layer 700 may include poly-vinyl sulfonic acid, poly-styrene sulfonic acid, ), Poly-ethylene sulfonic acid, Poly-2-acrylamido-2methyl-propane sulfonic acid, Poly-perfluoro sulfonic acid acid), poly-toluene sulfonic acid, poly-vinyl alcohol, poly-ethylene imine, poly-vinyl pyrrolidone, poly -Ethylene oxide (Poly-ethylene oxide (PEO)), poly-propylene oxide (PPO), poly-(ethylene oxide, siloxane) (PEOS), poly- (ethylene glycol, siloxane)(poly-(ethylene glycol, siloxane)), poly-(propylene oxide, siloxane)(poly-(propylene oxide, siloxane)), poly-(ethylene oxide, methyl methacrylate)(poly- (ethylene oxide, methyl methacrylate) (PEO-PMMA)), poly-(ethylene oxide, acrylic acid) (PEO PAA)), poly-(propylene glycol, methyl methacrylate)( It may include polymers such as poly-(propylene glycol, methyl methacrylate) (PPG PMMA)), poly-ethylene succinate, or poly-ethylene adipate. In one example, a mixture of two or more or a copolymer of two or more of the polymers listed above may be used as the polymer electrolyte.

Additionally, the electrolyte layer 700 may include a curable resin that can be hardened by ultraviolet ray irradiation or heat. The curable resin may be at least one selected from the group consisting of acrylate-based oligomers, polyethylene glycol-based oligomers, urethane-based oligomers, polyester-based oligomers, polyethylene glycol dimethyl, or polyethylene glycol diacrylate. Additionally, the electrolyte layer 700 may include a photocuring initiator and/or a thermal curing initiator.

The thickness of the electrolyte layer 700 may be about 10 ㎛ to about 200 ㎛. The thickness of the electrolyte layer 700 may be about 50 μm to about 150 μm.

The electrolyte layer 700 may have a transmittance in the range of 60% to 95%. Specifically, the electrolyte layer 700 may have a transmittance of 60% to 95% for visible light in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm, more specifically, 400 nm wavelength or 550 nm wavelength. The transmittance can be measured using a known haze meter (HM).

The sealing portion 800 may be disposed in an outer area of the electrochromic element 11 according to the embodiment. The sealing portion 800 may be disposed around the electrochromic portion 10 . The sealing portion 800 may extend along the periphery of the electrochromic portion 10 .

The sealing portion 800 may be disposed on a side of the electrochromic portion 10 . The side of the electrochromic portion 10 may be covered. The sealing portion 800 may cover a side surface of the electrolyte layer 700. The sealing portion 800 may cover a side surface of the first discoloration layer 500. The sealing portion 800 may cover a side surface of the second discoloration layer 600.

The sealing portion 800 may cover a side surface of the first transparent electrode 300. The sealing portion 800 may cover a side surface of the second transparent electrode 400. The sealing portion 800 may cover the upper surface of the first transparent electrode 300. The sealing portion 800 may cover the lower surface of the second transparent electrode 400.

The sealing portion 800 may be disposed on the first substrate 100 . The sealing part 800 may be disposed below the second substrate 200. The sealing part 800 may be disposed between the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200. The sealing part 800 may be in direct contact with the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200.

The sealing unit 800 may seal the space between the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200, as well as the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200. Additionally, the electrochromic portion 10 may be disposed in a space sealed by the sealing portion 800, the first substrate 100, and the second substrate 200.

The sealing portion 800 includes curable resin. The sealing portion 800 may include a thermosetting resin and/or a photo-curing resin.

Examples of the thermosetting resin include epoxy resin, melamine resin, urea resin, or unsaturated polyester resin. In addition, examples of the epoxy resin include phenol novolak-type epoxy resin, cresol novolak-type epoxy resin, biphenyl novolak-type epoxy resin, trisphenol novolak-type epoxy resin, dicyclopentadiene novolak-type epoxy resin, and bisphenol A type. Epoxy resin, bisphenol F type epoxy resin, 2, 2'-diaryrbisphenol A type epoxy resin, bisphenol S type epoxy resin, hydrogenated bisphenol A type epoxy resin, propylene oxide added bisphenol A type epoxy resin, biphenyl form Examples include epoxy resins, naphthalene type epoxy resins, resorcinol type epoxy resins, and glycidyl amines.

Additionally, the first sealing portion 800 may further include a thermal curing agent. Hydrazide compounds such as 1, 3-bis [hydrazinocarbonoethyl 5-isopropyl hydantoin] and adipic acid dihydrazide; dicyandiamide, guanidine derivatives, 1-cyanide Noethyl-2-phenylimidazole, N-[2-(2-methyl-1-imidazolyl) ethyl]urea, 2, 4-diamino-6-[2'-methylimidazolyl (1') ]-Ethyl-s-Thorazine, N, N'-Bis(2-methyl-1-imidazolyl ethyl) urea, N, N'-(2-methyl-1-imidazolyl ethyl)-aziformami , 2-phenyl-4-methyl-5-hydroxymethyl imidazole, 2-imidazoline-2-thiol, 2, 2'-thiogethanethiol, addition products of various amines with epoxy resins, etc. You can.

The first sealing part 800 may include a photo-curable resin. Examples of the photo-curable resin include acrylate-based resins such as urethane acrylate. Additionally, the first sealing part 800 may further include a photo curing initiator. The photo curing initiator may be at least one selected from the group consisting of an acetophenone-based compound, a benzophenone-based compound, a thioxanthone-based compound, a benzoin-based compound, a triazine-based compound, or an oxime-based compound.

Additionally, the sealing portion 800 includes moisture-absorbing particles.

The moisture-absorbing particles may include zeolite and/or silica.

The moisture-absorbing particles may have a specific surface area of about 80 m2/g to about 100 m2/g. The moisture-absorbing particles may have a specific surface area of about 40 m2/g to about 200 m2/g. The moisture-absorbing particles may have a specific surface area of about 60 m2/g to about 150 m2/g. The moisture-absorbing particles may have a specific surface area of about 85 m2/g to about 95 m2/g.

Additionally, the moisture-absorbing particles may include cavities having a size of about 3Å to about 10Å. The moisture-absorbing particles may include cavities having a size of about 1Å to about 20Å. The moisture-absorbing particles may include cavities having a size of about 2Å to about 15Å. The moisture-absorbing particles may include cavities having a size of about 4Å to about 8Å.

Additionally, the moisture-absorbing particles may have an average particle diameter (D50) of about 5㎛ to about 10㎛. The moisture-absorbing particles may have an average particle diameter (D50) of about 3㎛ to about 20㎛. The moisture-absorbing particles may have an average particle diameter (D50) of about 2㎛ to about 30㎛. The moisture-absorbing particles may have an average particle diameter (D50) of about 7㎛ to about 12㎛.

The zeolite may be represented by the following empirical formula 1.

[Empirical Formula 1]

Si _x Al _y K _z Ca _m O _n H _w

where x is 0.5 to 1.5, y is 0.5 to 1.5, z is 0.1 to 1, m is 0.1 to 1, n is 1 to 10, and w is 0.1 to 1.

The moisture-absorbing particles can absorb moisture. That is, the moisture-absorbing particles can adsorb water molecules within the cavity.

Additionally, the moisture-absorbing particles can absorb volatile organic components. The volatile organic component may be adsorbed into the cavity. Accordingly, the sealing part 800 can adsorb the volatile organic component when the volatile organic component flows in from the outside.

The sealing portion 800 may include the moisture-absorbing particles in an amount of about 0.5 parts by weight to about 20 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the curable resin. The sealing portion 800 may include the moisture-absorbing particles in an amount of about 1 part by weight to about 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the curable resin. The sealing portion 800 may include the moisture-absorbing particles in an amount of about 0.5 parts by weight to about 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the curable resin. The sealing portion 800 may include the moisture-absorbing particles in an amount of about 3 parts by weight to about 7 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the curable resin.

The sealing portion 800 may further include a reducing agent.

The reducing agent may include a carboxyl group. The reducing agent may include carbodiimide.

The reducing agent includes glutaric acid, malic acid, azelaic acid, abietic acid, adipic acid, ascorbic acid, and acrylic acid ( At least one may be selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid and citric acid.

The sealing part 800 may include the reducing agent in an amount of about 0.1 parts by weight to about 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the curable resin. The sealing part 800 may include the reducing agent in an amount of about 0.5 parts by weight to about 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the curable resin. The sealing portion 800 may include the reducing agent in an amount of about 0.3 parts by weight to about 7 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the curable resin.

Since the sealing part 800 contains the reducing agent in the above content, it can easily block oxygen flowing in from the outside. Accordingly, the sealing portion 800 can easily protect the electrochromic portion 10 from external chemical shock.

Additionally, the sealing portion 800 may further include an inorganic filler. The inorganic filler may be a material with high insulating properties, transparency, and durability. Examples of the inorganic filler include silicon, aluminum, zirconia, or mixtures thereof.

The electrochromic device according to the embodiment may further include a first bus bar and a second bus bar.

The first bus bar is disposed on the first transparent electrode 300. The first bus bar is connected to the first transparent electrode 300.

The first bus bar may be electrically connected to the first transparent electrode 300. The first bus bar may be in direct contact with the upper surface of the first transparent electrode 300. The first bus bar may be connected to the first transparent electrode 300 through solder.

The first bus bar may have a shape extending along the edge area of the first transparent electrode 300.

The second bus bar is disposed below the second transparent electrode 400. The second bus bar is connected to the second transparent electrode 400.

The second bus bar may be electrically connected to the second transparent electrode 400. The second bus bar may be in direct contact with the lower surface of the second transparent electrode 400. The second bus bar may be connected to the second transparent electrode 400 through solder.

The second bus bar may have a shape extending along the edge area of the second transparent electrode 400. Additionally, the first bus bar and the second bus bar may extend parallel to each other.

The first bus bar and/or the second bus bar may include metal. The first bus bar and/or the second bus bar may include a metal ribbon. The first bus bar and/or the second bus bar may include conductive paste. The first bus bar and/or the second bus bar may include a binder and a conductive filler.

The electrochromic device according to the embodiment can be manufactured by the following method. Figures 3 to 6 are cross-sectional views showing the process of manufacturing an electrochromic device according to an embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 3, a first transparent electrode 300 is formed on the first substrate 100. The first transparent electrode 300 may be formed through a vacuum deposition process. A metal oxide such as indium tin oxide may be deposited on the first substrate 100 through a sputtering process or the like to form the first transparent electrode 300.

The first transparent electrode 300 may be formed through a coating process. A nano metal wire may be coated with a binder on the first substrate 100 to form the first transparent electrode 300. A conductive polymer may be coated on the first substrate 100 to form the first transparent electrode 300.

Additionally, the first transparent electrode 300 may be formed through a patterning process. A metal layer may be formed on the first substrate 100 through a sputtering process, etc., and the metal layer may be patterned to form a first transparent electrode 300 including a metal mesh on the first substrate 100. .

Afterwards, a first discoloration layer 500 is formed on the first transparent electrode 300. The first discoloration layer 500 may be formed through a sol-gel coating process. A first sol solution containing a first electrochromic material, a binder, and a solvent may be coated on the first transparent electrode 300. A sol-gel reaction may occur in the coated first sol solution, and the first discoloration layer 500 may be formed.

The first sol solution may include the first discoloring material in particle form in an amount of about 5 wt% to about 30 wt%. The first sol solution may include the binder in an amount of about 5 wt% to about 30 wt%. The first sol solution may include the solvent in an amount of about 60 wt% to about 90 wt%.

The first sol solution may further include a dispersant.

The solvent may be at least one selected from the group consisting of alcohols, ethers, ketones, esters, or aromatic hydrocarbons. The solvent is ethanol, propanol, butanol, hexanol, cyclohexanol, diacetone alcohol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, glycerin, diethyl ether, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol modobutyl ether. , Diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, acetylacetone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, acetoacetate ester, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, At least one or more may be selected from the group consisting of n-propyl acetate and i-butyl acetate.

As described above, the binder may be an inorganic binder.

Next, referring to FIG. 4 , an electrolyte composition for forming an electrolyte layer 700 is formed on the first discoloration layer 500.

The electrolyte composition may include a metal salt, an electrolyte, a photo-curing resin, and a photo-curing initiator. The photo-curable resin includes hexandiol diacrylate (HDDA), tripropylene glycol diacrylate (TPGDA), ethylene glycol diacrylate (EGDA), and trimethylolpropane triacrylate. TMPTA), trimethylolpropane ethoxylated triacrylate (TMPEOTA), glycerol propoxylated triacrylate (GPTA), pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (PETA), or Dipenta At least one may be selected from the group consisting of dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate (DPHA).

The metal salt, the electrolyte, and the photo curing initiator may be as described above.

Thereafter, the edge portions of the electrolyte composition layer, the first discoloration layer 500, and the first transparent electrode 300 are removed. At this time, edge portions of the electrolyte composition layer, the first discoloration layer 500, and the first transparent electrode 300 may be removed so that the upper surface of the first substrate 100 is exposed.

Afterwards, a curable resin composition 801 to form a sealing portion 800 is coated on the edge portion of the first substrate 100.

The curable resin composition 801 includes the curable resin, the water-absorbing particles, and the reducing agent. Additionally, the curable resin composition 801 may further include the curing agent. The curable resin composition 801 may further include the photo curing initiator.

The curable resin, the moisture-absorbing particles, the reducing agent, the curing agent, and the photo curing initiator may have the characteristics described above.

Referring to FIG. 5, a second transparent electrode 400 is formed on the second substrate 200.

The second transparent electrode 400 may be formed through a vacuum deposition process. A metal oxide such as indium tin oxide may be deposited on the second substrate 200 through a sputtering process or the like to form the second transparent electrode 400.

The second transparent electrode 400 may be formed through a coating process. A nano metal wire may be coated with a binder on the second substrate 200 to form the second transparent electrode 400. A conductive polymer may be coated on the second substrate 200 to form the second transparent electrode 400.

Additionally, the second transparent electrode 400 may be formed through a patterning process. A metal layer may be formed on the second substrate 200 through a sputtering process, etc., and the metal layer may be patterned to form a second transparent electrode 400 including a metal mesh on the second substrate 200. .

Afterwards, a second discoloration layer 600 is formed on the second transparent electrode 400. The second discoloration layer 600 may be formed through a sol-gel coating process. A second sol solution containing a second electrochromic material, a binder, and a solvent may be coated on the second transparent electrode 400. A sol-gel reaction may occur in the coated second sol solution, and the second discoloration layer 600 may be formed.

The second sol solution may include the second discoloring material in particle form in an amount of about 5 wt% to about 30 wt%. The second sol solution may include the binder in an amount of about 5 wt% to about 30 wt%. The second sol solution may include the solvent in an amount of about 60 wt% to about 90 wt%.

The second sol solution may further include a dispersant.

Thereafter, the second color change layer 600 and the edge portion of the second transparent electrode 400 may be removed. That is, the edge of the second discoloration layer 600 and the edge of the second transparent electrode 400 may be removed, and the lower surface of the second substrate 200 may be exposed.

Referring to FIG. 6, the second substrate 200, the second transparent electrode 400, and the second color change layer 600 are laminated on the coated electrolyte composition and the coated curable resin composition 801. . At this time, the second discoloration layer 600 is in direct contact with the coated electrolyte composition. Additionally, the lower surface of the second substrate 200 is in direct contact with the coated curable resin composition 801.

Thereafter, the coated electrolyte composition and the coated curable resin composition 801 are cured by light, and the first substrate 100, the first transparent electrode 300, and the first discoloration layer 500 are cured by light. A first laminate including the second substrate 200, the second transparent electrode 400, and the second discoloration layer 600 are laminated to each other. That is, the first laminate and the second laminate may be adhered to each other by the electrolyte layer 700. Additionally, the sealing portion 800 is formed.

Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view showing an electrochromic device according to another embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 7 , an electrochromic device according to another embodiment may include a first open area (OA1) and a second open area (OA2).

The sealing portion 800 may be disposed in the first open area OA1 and the second open area OA2, respectively.

The first open area OA1 includes the second substrate 200, the second transparent electrode 400, the second discoloration layer 600, the electrolyte layer 700, and the first discoloration layer 500. It can be formed by removing part of. The first open area OA1 includes the second substrate 200, the second transparent electrode 400, the second discoloration layer 600, the electrolyte layer 700, and the first discoloration layer 500. A portion of the upper surface of the first transparent electrode 300 may be exposed by removing a portion of the .

Additionally, the first open area OA1 may be disposed at an edge portion of the first substrate 100 and the first transparent electrode 300. The first open area OA1 may have a shape extending in one direction along edge portions of the first substrate 100 and the first transparent electrode 300 .

The width of the first open area OA1 may be about 1 mm to about 20 mm. The width of the first open area OA1 may be about 2 mm to about 10 mm.

The electrochromic device according to the embodiment includes a second open area OA2. The second open area OA2 includes a portion of the first substrate 100, a portion of the first transparent electrode 300, a portion of the first discoloration layer 500, a portion of the electrolyte layer 700, and It may be formed by removing a portion of the second discoloration layer 600. The second open area OA2 includes a portion of the first substrate 100, a portion of the first transparent electrode 300, a portion of the first discoloration layer 500, a portion of the electrolyte layer 700, and A portion of the second discoloration layer 600 may be removed to expose a portion of the lower surface of the second transparent electrode 400.

Additionally, the second open area OA2 may be disposed at edge portions of the second substrate 200 and the second transparent electrode 400. The second open area OA2 may have a shape extending in one direction along edge portions of the second substrate 200 and the second transparent electrode 400. The second open area OA2 may extend parallel to the first open area OA1.

The width of the second open area OA2 may be about 1 mm to about 20 mm. The width of the second open area OA2 may be about 2 mm to about 10 mm.

The sealing portion 800 disposed in the first open area OA1 covers the first transparent electrode 300, one side of the first discoloration layer 500, one side of the electrolyte layer 700, One side of the second color change layer 600 and one side of the second transparent electrode 400 cover one side of the second substrate 200, and cover a portion of the upper surface of the second substrate 200. You can.

The sealing portion 800 disposed in the second open area OA2 covers the lower surface of the second transparent electrode 400, the other side of the second discoloration layer 600, and the other side of the electrolyte layer 700. The side, the other side of the first color change layer 500, the other side of the first transparent electrode 300 covers the other side of the first substrate 100, and a portion of the lower surface of the first substrate 100 can cover.

The sealing portion 800 includes the first substrate 100, the second substrate 200, the first transparent electrode 300, and the second transparent electrode 400, and the electrochromic portion 10. can be sealed.

In the electrochromic device according to the embodiment, the first edge performance degradation can be measured by Measurement Method 1 below.

[Measurement method 1]

The electrochromic portion 10 includes an outer region ER having a width D of 10 mm from the sealing portion 800 to the center of the electrochromic portion 10, and the electrochromic element is positioned at 85. When left for 48 hours at a temperature of ℃ and 85%, it is the absolute value of the difference between the coloring transmittance in the central region (CR) of the electrochromic portion before leaving and the coloring transmittance in the outer region (ER) after leaving.

The central region (CR) is an area within a radius of about 5 cm from the center of the electrochromic portion.

The first edge performance degradation of the electrochromic device according to the embodiment may be about 10% or less. The first edge performance degradation of the electrochromic device according to the embodiment may be less than about 8%. The first edge performance degradation of the electrochromic device according to the embodiment may be less than about 7%. The first edge performance degradation of the electrochromic device according to the embodiment may be less than about 6%. The first edge performance degradation of the electrochromic device according to the embodiment may be less than about 5%.

In the electrochromic device according to the embodiment, the second edge performance degradation can be measured by Measurement Method 2 below.

[Measurement method 2]

The electrochromic portion 10 includes an outer region ER having a width D of 10 mm from the sealing portion 800 to the center of the electrochromic portion 10, and the electrochromic element is positioned at 85. When left for 48 hours at a temperature of ℃ and 85%, it is the absolute value of the difference between the decolorization transmittance in the central region (CR) of the electrochromic portion before leaving and the decolorization transmittance in the outer region (ER) after leaving.

Deterioration of the second edge performance of the electrochromic device according to the embodiment may be about 10% or less. The second edge performance degradation of the electrochromic device according to the embodiment may be less than about 8%. The second edge performance degradation of the electrochromic device according to the embodiment may be less than about 7%. The second edge performance degradation of the electrochromic device according to the embodiment may be less than about 6%. Deterioration of the second edge performance of the electrochromic device according to the embodiment may be less than about 5%.

The electrochromic device according to the embodiment may have a color transmittance of about 10% to about 30%. In the electrochromic device according to the embodiment, the color transmittance may be about 3% to about 20%. In the electrochromic device according to the embodiment, the color transmittance may be about 5% to about 25%.

The electrochromic device according to the embodiment may have a discoloration transmittance of about 50% to about 90%. In the electrochromic device according to the embodiment, the discoloration transmittance may be about 60% to about 90%. In the electrochromic device according to the embodiment, the discoloration transmittance may be about 50% to about 85%.

The electrochromic device according to the embodiment includes the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200, and a sealing portion that seals the space between the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200. 800), and the sealing portion 800 includes moisture-absorbing particles. In particular, the moisture-absorbing particles may include zeolite.

Accordingly, when moisture flows in from the outside, the sealing unit 800 can cap the inflow moisture using the moisture-absorbing particles.

Accordingly, the sealing portion 800 can efficiently protect the electrochromic portion 10 disposed inside from an external high-humidity environment.

In addition, the electrochromic device according to the embodiment has edge performance degradation of 10% or less. In particular, the electrochromic device according to the embodiment has a small transmittance difference between the center portion and the edge portion, even when exposed to a high humidity environment. Accordingly, the electrochromic device according to the embodiment may have an overall uniform appearance.

Additionally, because the moisture-absorbing particles contain zeolite, they can capture volatile organic substances in addition to moisture.

Accordingly, the electrochromic device according to the embodiment can remove volatile organic substances that may be generated between windows. Accordingly, the window device according to the embodiment can increase the content of inert gas between windows and have high thermal insulation performance.

Referring to FIG. 7, the window device 1 according to the embodiment includes the electrochromic element 11, a frame 20, windows 31, 32, and 33, a plug-in component 40, and a power source 50. Includes.

The frame 20 may be composed of one or more pieces. For example, the frame 20 may be composed of one or more materials such as vinyl, PVC, aluminum (Al), steel, or fiberglass. The frame 20 fixes the windows 31, 32, and 33 and seals the space between the windows 31, 32, and 33. also,

The frame 20 may hold or include pieces of foam or other material. The frame 20 includes a spacer, and the spacer can be placed between adjacent windows 31, 32, and 33. Additionally, the spacer, together with the adhesive sealant, can airtightly seal the space between the windows 31, 32, and 33.

The windows 31, 32, 33 are fixed to the frame 20. The windows 31, 32, and 33 may be glass panes. The windows 31, 32, 33 are made of conventional silicon oxide (SOx) glass, such as soda lime glass or float glass, consisting of approximately 75% silica (SiO2) plus Na2O, CaO, and some minor additives. It may be a glass substrate of the system. However, any material with suitable optical, electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties may be used. The windows 31, 32, 33 can also be made of, for example, other glass materials, plastics and thermoplastics (e.g. poly(methyl methacrylate), polystyrene, polycarbonate, allyl diglycol carbonate, SAN (styrene acrylonitrile copolymer), poly(4-methyl-1-pentene), polyester, polyamide), or mirror materials. The windows 31, 32, and 33 may include tempered glass.

The windows 31, 32, and 33 may include a first window 31, a second window 32, and a third window 33. The first window 31 and the third window 33 may be disposed on the outermost side, and the second window 32 may be disposed between the first window 31 and the third window 33. there is.

The electrochromic element 11 is disposed between the first window 31 and the second window 32. The electrochromic element 11 may be laminated to the first window 31 and the second window 32.

The electrochromic element 11 may be laminated to the first window 31 using a first polyvinyl butyral sheet. That is, the first polyvinyl butyral sheet may be disposed on the first window 31 and the electrochromic element 11 and laminated on the first window 31 and the electrochromic element 11. .

The electrochromic element 11 may be laminated to the second window 32 by a second polyvinyl butyral sheet. That is, the second polyvinyl butyral sheet may be disposed on the second window 32 and the electrochromic element 11 and laminated on the second window 32 and the electrochromic element 11. .

A space 60 may be formed between the second window 32 and the third window 33. The space may be filled with one or more gases such as argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), or xenon (Xn).

The windows 31, 32, 33 may be any glass pane size for residential or commercial window applications. The size of glass panes can vary widely depending on the specific needs of a home or commercial business. In some embodiments, the windows 31, 32, and 33 may be formed of architectural glass. Architectural glass is commonly used in commercial buildings, but may also be used in residential buildings and typically, although not necessarily, separates the indoor environment from the outdoor environment. In some embodiments, a suitable architectural glass substrate may be at least approximately 20 inches by approximately 20 inches, and may be much larger, for example, approximately 80 inches by approximately 120 inches, or larger. Architectural glass is typically at least about 2 millimeters (mm) thick and can be as thick as 6 mm or more.

In one embodiment, the windows 31, 32, and 33 may have a thickness ranging from approximately 1 mm to approximately 10 mm.

In some embodiments, the windows 31, 32, 33 may be very thin and flexible, such as Gorilla Glass® or Willow ^TM Glass, each of which is commercially available from Corning, Inc. of Corning, New York. And these glasses can be less than 0.3 mm or about 1 mm thick.

The plug-in component (40) may include a first electrical input (41), a second electrical input (42), a third electrical input (43), a fourth electrical input (44) and a fifth electrical input (45). You can.

Additionally, the power supply unit 50 includes a first power terminal 51 and a second power terminal 52.

The first electrical input 41 is electrically coupled to the first power terminal 51 through one or more wires or other electrical connections, components, or devices.

The first electrical input 41 may include a pin, socket, or other electrical connector or conductor. Additionally, the first electrical input 41 may be electrically connected to the electrochromic element 11 through a first bus bar (not shown). The first bus bar may be electrically connected to the second transparent electrode 400.

The second electrical input 42 is electrically coupled to the second power terminal 52 through one or more wires or other electrical connections, components, or devices.

The second electrical input 42 may include a pin, socket, or other electrical connector or conductor. Additionally, the second electrical input 42 may be electrically connected to the electrochromic element 11 through a second bus bar (not shown). The second bus bar may be electrically connected to the first transparent electrode 300.

The third electrical input 43 may be coupled to device, system, or building ground.

The fourth electrical input 44 and the fifth electrical input 45 can be used individually, for example, for communication between a controller or microcontroller controlling the window device 1 and a network controller.

The power supply unit 50 supplies power to the electrochromic element 11 through the plug-in component 40. In addition, the power supply unit 50 can be controlled by the external controller to supply power of a certain waveform to the electrochromic element 11.

Additionally, the features, structures, effects, etc. described in the embodiments above are included in at least one embodiment of the present invention and are not necessarily limited to only one embodiment. Furthermore, the features, structures, effects, etc. illustrated in each embodiment can be combined or modified and implemented in other embodiments by a person with ordinary knowledge in the field to which the embodiments belong. Therefore, contents related to such combinations and modifications should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention.

Although the above description focuses on the examples, this is only an example and does not limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art will be able to You will see that various variations and applications are possible. For example, each component specifically shown in the examples can be modified and implemented. And these variations and differences in application should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

Manufacturing example

ITO film: Hansung Industrial Co., Ltd., HI150-ABE-125A-AB

Tungsten oxide powder: Adcro Co., Ltd., ELACO-W

Nickel oxide powder: Adcro Co., Ltd., ELACO-P

Carbon Black: Mitsubishi Chemical Corp, MA-100

Carbon nanotubes: Avention, AV-481436

Gel polymer electrolyte composition

About 39 parts by weight dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate (DPHA), about 80 parts by weight ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide [BMI-TFSI], and about 1 A gel polymer electrolyte composition was prepared by mixing a weight portion of diethoxyacetophenone (DEAP) and adding LiBF4 (Li+ concentration: 1 mol/L).

Curable Resin Composition

About 50 parts by weight of dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate (DPEHA), about 40 parts by weight of tripropyleneglycol diacrylate (TPGDA), about 10 parts by weight of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (2HEA, 2- hydroxyethyl acrylate), about 5 parts by weight of zeolite (Zeo 400, RexM), and about 1 part by weight of a carbodiimide-based reducing agent were uniformly mixed to prepare a photocurable resin composition.

Example 1

About 10 parts by weight of tungsten oxide powder, about 1 part by weight of TEOS, about 90 parts by weight of ethanol, and about 0.1 part by weight of carbon black were uniformly mixed to prepare a first color changing material composition. The first color change material composition is coated to a thickness of about 25 ㎛ on a first ITO film of about 30 cm x 30 cm, and the sol-gel reaction is performed at a temperature of about 110° C. for about 5 minutes to obtain a thickness of about 600 nm. A first laminate including a first discoloration layer having a thickness of was manufactured. About 11 parts by weight of nickel oxide powder, about 1 part by weight of TEOS, and about 89 parts by weight of ethanol were uniformly mixed to prepare a second color change material composition. The second color change material composition is coated to a thickness of about 40㎛ on a second ITO film of about 30cm A second laminate including a second color change layer having a thickness was manufactured. The gel polymer electrolyte composition was coated on the first discoloring layer to a thickness of about 100 μm. Thereafter, the ITO layer, discoloration layer, and gel polymer electrolyte layer were removed from the edge area having a width of about 10 mm of the first laminate, and the PET film was exposed. Thereafter, the curable resin composition was coated on the edge area of the first laminate. Additionally, in the second laminate, the ITO layer and the second discoloration layer were removed from a portion corresponding to the edge region of the first laminate. A second ITO film on which the second discoloring layer was formed was laminated on the coated gel polymer electrolyte composition, and the coated gel polymer electrolyte composition and the coated curable resin composition were cured by UV light. Afterwards, the laminate was left at room temperature for about 14 hours to age. Accordingly, the electrochromic device according to the example was manufactured.

Examples 2 to 4 and Comparative Examples

As shown in Table 1 below, the curable resin composition was prepared and the sealing portion was formed.

division DPEHA
(part by weight) TPGDA
(part by weight) 2HEA
(part by weight) zeolite
(part by weight) Carbodiimide
(part by weight) Example 1 50 40 10 5 One Example 2 50 40 10 4 0.5 Example 3 50 40 10 3 One Example 4 50 40 10 2 0.5 Comparative example 50 40 10 - -

Evaluation example

1. Total light transmittance

In the electrochromic devices in the examples and comparative examples, the transmittance before the high temperature and high humidity test and the transmittance after the high temperature and high humidity test were measured by a solar spectrum meter (EDTM company, SS2450) in the wavelength range of about 380 nm to about 780 nm. It is measured as The transmittance was measured at the center of the electrochromic element and at an edge area with a width of about 10 mm in the center direction from the inside of the seal. The transmittance was measured at about 10 measurement points, and an average value was derived.

2. High temperature and humidity test

The electrochromic devices manufactured in the Examples and Comparative Examples were left at a temperature of about 85° C. and humidity of about 85% for about 48 hours.

Afterwards, the (-) electrode of the charge/discharge tester (Wona Tech, WBCS_D70714K1) is connected to the bus bar attached to tungsten oxide, and the (+) electrode is connected to the bus bar attached to nickel oxide. Afterwards, when a predetermined voltage is applied and a sufficiently high decolorization transmittance is reached, each voltage is connected in reverse by internal electrical transformation of the charge/discharge tester, and the (+) voltage is applied to the bus bar connected to the tungsten oxide, (- ) The voltage is adjusted to be applied to the busbar connected to nickel oxide to reach a sufficiently low color transmittance.

Thereafter, the coloring transmittance and decolorizing transmittance of the electrochromic devices manufactured in Examples and Comparative Examples were measured.

First edge degradation and second edge degradation were measured as follows.

First edge performance degradation = │Central colored transmittance - Edge area colored transmittance│

Second edge performance degradation = │Central decolorization transmittance - Edge area decolorization transmittance│

As shown in Table 2 below, in the electrochromic devices according to Examples and Comparative Examples, first edge performance degradation and second edge performance degradation were measured.

division 1st Edge Degradation
(%) 2nd Edge Degradation
(%) Example 1 1.7 1.85 Example 2 1.81 1.91 Example 3 2.02 2.21 Example 4 2.33 2.45 Example 5 2.65 2.65 Comparative example 11.3 12.6

As shown in Table 2, the electrochromic devices prepared in the examples had low edge performance degradation.

First substrate (100)
Second substrate (200)
First transparent electrode (300)
Second transparent electrode (400)
First discoloration layer (500)
Second discoloration layer (600)
Electrolyte layer (700)
Sealing unit (800)

Claims (13)

first substrate;
a second substrate disposed on the first substrate; and
Comprising an electrochromic portion disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate,
It is disposed on one side of the electrochromic portion and includes a sealing portion that seals the space between the first substrate and the second substrate together with the first substrate and the second substrate,
The sealing part is an electrochromic device containing moisture-absorbing particles. The method of claim 1, wherein the electrochromic unit
a first transparent electrode disposed on the first substrate;
a first discoloring layer disposed on the first transparent electrode;
An electrolyte layer disposed on the first discoloration layer;
a second discoloration layer disposed on the electrolyte layer; and
An electrochromic device comprising a second transparent electrode disposed on the second color changing layer. The electrochromic device of claim 1, wherein the sealing part directly contacts the first substrate and the second substrate. The electrochromic device of claim 3, wherein the sealing part is in direct contact with a third side of the second substrate and a top surface of the first substrate. The electrochromic device of claim 1, wherein the sealing part contains a reducing agent. The electrochromic device of claim 5, wherein the sealing portion includes a curable resin. The electrochromic device of claim 1, wherein the moisture-absorbing particles include zeolite. The electrochromic device of claim 7, wherein the moisture-absorbing particles have a specific surface area of 80 m2/g to 100 m2/g. The electrochromic device of claim 8, wherein the moisture-absorbing particles have cavities having a size of 3Å to 10Å. The electrochromic device of claim 9, wherein the moisture-absorbing particles have an average particle diameter (D50) of 5㎛ to 10㎛. first substrate;
a second substrate disposed on the first substrate; and
Comprising an electrochromic portion disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate,
a sealing portion disposed on one side of the electrochromic portion and sealing a space between the first substrate and the second substrate together with the first substrate and the second substrate, and disposed around the electrochromic portion; ,
An electrochromic device with edge performance degradation of 10% or less as measured by the following measurement method.
[measurement method]
The electrochromic portion includes an outer region having a width of 10 mm from the sealing portion to the center of the electrochromic portion, and when the electrochromic element is left for 48 hours under the temperature conditions of 85° C. and 85%, It is the absolute value of the difference between the coloring transmittance in the center area of the electrochromic part and the coloring transmittance in the outer area after being left alone. The electrochromic device of claim 11, wherein the first substrate, the second substrate, and the sealing portion are flexible. frame;
a window mounted on the frame; and
Comprising an electrochromic element disposed in the transmission area,
The electrochromic element is
first substrate;
a second substrate disposed on the first substrate; and
Comprising an electrochromic portion disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate,
a sealing portion disposed on one side of the electrochromic portion and sealing a space between the first substrate and the second substrate together with the first substrate and the second substrate, and disposed around the electrochromic portion; ,
Windows device with edge performance degradation of 10% or less as measured by the measurement method below.
[measurement method]
The electrochromic portion includes an outer region having a width of 10 mm from the sealing portion to the center of the electrochromic portion, and when the electrochromic element is left for 48 hours under the temperature conditions of 85° C. and 85%, It is the absolute value of the difference between the colored transmittance in the center area of the electrochromic part and the colored transmittance in the outer area.