KR20240023812A - electrochromic device and window apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

Examples include a first substrate; a first electrochromic portion disposed on the first substrate; and a second electrochromic portion disposed below the first substrate, wherein the first electrochromic portion has a first dark state and a first transparent state, and the second electrochromic portion has a second dark state and a second transparent state. has a first color in the first dark state and the second transparent state, has a second color in the first transparent state and the second dark state, and the first color and the second color are different from each other. An electrochromic device is provided.

Description

Electrochromic device and window apparatus including the same {electrochromic device and window apparatus}

Embodiments relate to electrochromic devices and window devices including the same.

Electrochromic film is a film whose color changes due to coloring and decolorization due to oxidation-reduction reactions at each anode and cathode due to an applied potential. It is a film that allows the user to artificially control visible light and infrared light, and is available in a variety of types. Inorganic oxides are used as electrode materials.

Various electrochromic films as described above have been developed and applied for patents. Looking at the contents of the patent applications, Korea Patent Publication No. 2001-0087586 discloses a film in which a conductive indium-tin oxide thin film is deposited on a glass film. MoO3, a reduced color oxide, is deposited on one of the two ITO films (1A, 1B), and WO3, a reduced color oxide, is deposited on the other, and then a lithium-based solid electrolyte, an alkali metal, is deposited on it. Polyaniline, a conductive polymer, is put between the two sheets and passed through a high-frequency compression roller to produce a film that changes from transparent to blue when voltage is applied. In Domestic Registered Utility Model Publication No. 0184841, indium-tinoxide is deposited on a 0.05 mm thick glass film. After that, WO3, a reduced coloring material, and IrO2, an oxidized coloring material, are deposited on both sides of the transition metal oxide film with α-PEO copolymer, a polymer solid electrolyte, in between, and combined with a high-frequency roller. Discoloration films are known.

The embodiment seeks to provide an electrochromic device having various colors and a wide range of transmittance, and a window device including the same.

An electrochromic device according to an embodiment includes a first substrate; a first electrochromic portion disposed on the first substrate; and a second electrochromic portion disposed below the first substrate, wherein the first electrochromic portion has a first dark state and a first transparent state, and the second electrochromic portion has a second dark state and a second transparent state. has a first color in the first dark state and the second transparent state, has a second color in the first transparent state and the second dark state, and the first color and the two colors are different from each other. .

In one embodiment, the first electrochromic unit includes: a first transparent electrode disposed on the first substrate; a first discoloring layer disposed on the first transparent electrode; A first electrolyte layer disposed on the first discoloration layer; a second discoloration layer disposed on the first electrolyte layer; and a second transparent electrode disposed on the second color changing layer, wherein the second electrochromic portion includes a third transparent electrode disposed below the first substrate; a third discoloration layer disposed below the third transparent electrode; a second electrolyte layer disposed below the third discoloration layer; a fourth discoloration layer disposed below the second electrolyte layer; And it may include a fourth transparent electrode disposed below the fourth discoloration layer.

In one embodiment, b* of the first color may be greater than b* of the second color.

In one embodiment, the difference between b* of the first color and b* of the second color may be 2 to 10.

In one embodiment, the transmittance in the first dark state and the second dark state may be 3% to 8%.

In one embodiment, the first electrochromic unit has a first transmittance state, the second electrochromic unit has a second transmittance state, and the transmittance in the first transmittance state and the second transmittance state is 30% to 30%. It could be 50%.

In one embodiment, the transmittance in the first dark state and the second transparent state may be 10% to 20%, and the transmittance in the first transparent state and the second dark state may be 10% to 20%. there is.

In one embodiment, the first discoloring layer may include nickel oxide, and the third discoloring layer may include Prussian blue.

In one embodiment, the second discoloration layer and the third discoloration layer may include tungsten oxide or titanium oxide.

In one embodiment, a second substrate disposed on the first electrochromic unit; And it may further include a third substrate disposed below the second electrochromic portion.

In one embodiment, the first substrate, the second substrate, and the third substrate may be flexible.

A window device according to one embodiment includes a frame; a window mounted on the frame; and an electrochromic element disposed in the window, wherein the electrochromic element includes: a first substrate; a first electrochromic portion disposed on the first substrate; and a second electrochromic portion disposed below the first substrate, wherein the first electrochromic portion has a first dark state and a first transparent state, and the second electrochromic portion has a second dark state and a second transparent state. has a first color in the first dark state and the second transparent state, has a second color in the first transparent state and the second dark state, and the first color and the two colors are different from each other. .

An electrochromic device according to an embodiment includes a first electrochromic portion and a second electrochromic portion. Additionally, the first electrochromic portion and the second electrochromic portion may have different colors in the first dark state and the second dark state, respectively. In particular, the first electrochromic portion and the second electrochromic portion may be stacked on each other.

Additionally, the first electrochromic unit may have the first dark state and the first transparent state. The second electrochromic unit may have the second dark state and the second transparent state.

Additionally, the electrochromic device according to the embodiment may drive the first electrochromic unit and the second electrochromic unit separately from each other.

Accordingly, the electrochromic device according to the embodiment can implement various colors and various light transmittances by combining the first dark state, the second dark state, the first transmission state, and the second transmission state. That is, the electrochromic device according to the embodiment may have a combination of the first dark state and the second dark state. An electrochromic device according to an embodiment may have a combination of the first dark state and the second transparent state. The electrochromic device according to the embodiment may have a combination of the first transparent state and the second dark state. An electrochromic device according to an embodiment may have a combination of the first transmission state and the second transmission state.

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-section of an electrochromic device according to an embodiment cut in the width direction.
Figures 2 to 5 are diagrams showing a process for manufacturing an electrochromic device according to an embodiment.
Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating a window device according to an embodiment.

In the description of the embodiment, when each part, surface, layer, or substrate is described as being formed “on” or “under” each part, surface, layer, or substrate, “On” and “under” include those formed “directly” or “indirectly” through other components. In addition, the standards for the top or bottom of each component are explained based on the drawings. The size of each component in the drawings may be exaggerated for explanation and does not indicate the actual size.

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-section of an electrochromic device according to an embodiment cut in the width direction.

Referring to FIG. 1, the electrochromic device 10 according to the embodiment includes a first substrate 110, a second substrate 120, a third substrate 130, a first electrochromic unit 11, and a second electrochromic device. Includes a discoloration portion (12).

The first substrate 110, together with the second substrate 120 and the third substrate 130, supports the first electrochromic unit 11 and the second electrochromic unit 12.

Additionally, the first substrate 110 sandwiches the first electrochromic portion 11 together with the second substrate 120. The first substrate 110 sandwiches the second electrochromic portion 12 together with the third substrate 130.

The first substrate 110 may include polymer resin. The first substrate 110 may include at least one from the group consisting of polyester-based resin, polyimide-based resin, cyclic olefin polymer resin, polyethersulfone, polycarbonate, or polyolefin-based resin.

The first substrate 110 may include polyester resin as a main component. The first substrate 110 may include polyethylene terephthalate. The first substrate 110 may contain polyethylene terephthalate in an amount of about 90 wt% or more based on the total composition. The first substrate 110 may contain polyethylene terephthalate in an amount of about 95 wt% or more based on the total composition. The first substrate 110 may contain polyethylene terephthalate in an amount of about 97 wt% or more based on the total composition. The first substrate 110 may contain polyethylene terephthalate in an amount of about 98 wt% or more based on the total composition.

The first substrate 110 may include a uniaxially or biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate film. The first substrate 110 may include a polyethylene terephthalate film stretched about 2 to about 5 times in the longitudinal direction and/or the width direction.

The first substrate 110 may have high mechanical properties to reinforce the glass when applied to the windows of a building or vehicle.

The first substrate 110 may have a tensile strength of about 7 kgf/mm2 to about 40 kgf/mm2 in the longitudinal direction. The first substrate 110 may have a tensile strength of about 8 kgf/mm2 to about 35 kgf/mm2 in the longitudinal direction.

The first substrate 110 may have a tensile strength of about 7 kgf/mm2 to about 40 kgf/mm2 in the width direction. The first substrate 110 may have a tensile strength of about 8 kgf/mm2 to about 35 kgf/mm2 in the width direction.

The first substrate 110 may have a modulus of about 200 kgf/mm2 to about 400 kgf/mm2 in the longitudinal direction. The first substrate 110 may have a modulus of about 250 kgf/mm2 to about 350 kgf/mm2 in the longitudinal direction. The first substrate 110 may have a modulus of about 250 kgf/mm2 to about 270 kgf/mm2 in the longitudinal direction.

The first substrate 110 may have a modulus of about 200 kgf/mm2 to about 400 kgf/mm2 in the width direction. The first substrate 110 may have a modulus of about 250 kgf/mm2 to about 350 kgf/mm2 in the width direction. The first substrate 110 may have a modulus of about 250 kgf/mm2 to about 270 kgf/mm2 in the width direction.

The first substrate 110 may have an elongation at break of about 30% to about 150% in the longitudinal direction. The first substrate 110 may have an elongation at break of about 30% to about 130% in the longitudinal direction. The first substrate 110 may have an elongation at break of about 40% to about 120% in the longitudinal direction.

The first substrate 110 may have an elongation at break of about 30% to about 150% in the longitudinal direction. The first substrate 110 may have an elongation at break of about 30% to about 130% in the longitudinal direction. The first substrate 110 may have an elongation at break of about 40% to about 120% in the longitudinal direction.

The first substrate 110 may have an elongation at break of about 30% to about 150% in the width direction. The first substrate 110 may have an elongation at break of about 30% to about 130% in the width direction. The first substrate 110 may have an elongation at break of about 40% to about 120% in the width direction.

The modulus, the elongation at break and the tensile strength can be measured according to KS B 5521.

Additionally, the modulus, tensile strength, and elongation at break can be measured by ASTM D882.

Since the first substrate 110 has the improved mechanical strength as described above, it can efficiently protect the first electrochromic portion 11 and the second electrochromic portion 12. Additionally, because the first substrate 110 has improved mechanical strength as described above, it can efficiently reinforce the mechanical strength of the glass to which it is to be attached.

Additionally, the first substrate 110 may have high chemical resistance. Accordingly, even if the electrolyte contained in the first electrochromic portion 11 and/or the second electrochromic portion 12 leaks to the first substrate 110, the surface of the first substrate 110 Damage can be minimized.

The first substrate 110 may have improved optical properties. The total light transmittance of the first substrate 110 may be about 55% or more. The total light transmittance of the first substrate 110 may be about 70% or more. The total light transmittance of the first substrate 110 may be about 75% to about 99%. The total light transmittance of the first substrate 110 may be about 80% to about 99%.

The haze of the first substrate 110 may be about 20% or less. It may be about 0.1% to about 20%. The haze of the first substrate 110 may be about 0.1% to about 10%. The haze of the first substrate 110 may be about 0.1% to about 7%.

The total light transmittance and the haze can be measured by ASTM D 1003, etc.

Since the first substrate 110 has appropriate total light transmittance and haze, the electrochromic device according to the embodiment can have improved optical properties. That is, since the first substrate 110 has appropriate transmittance and haze, the electrochromic device according to the embodiment is applied to the window, appropriately adjusting the transmittance, minimizing distortion of the image from the outside, and improving appearance. You can have

Additionally, the first substrate 110 may have an in-plane retardation of about 100 nm to about 4000 nm. The first substrate 110 may have an in-plane retardation of about 200 nm to about 3500 nm. The first substrate 110 may have an in-plane retardation of about 200 nm to about 3000 nm.

The first substrate 110 may have an in-plane retardation of about 7000 nm or more. The first substrate 110 may have an in-plane retardation of about 7000 nm to about 50000 nm. The first substrate 110 may have an in-plane retardation of about 8000 nm to about 20000 nm.

The in-plane phase difference can be derived from the refractive index and thickness of the first substrate 110 according to its direction.

Since the first substrate 110 has the above-described in-plane retardation, the electrochromic film according to the embodiment may have an improved appearance.

The thickness of the first substrate 110 may be about 10 μm to about 200 μm. The thickness of the first substrate 110 may be about 23 μm to about 150 μm. The thickness of the first substrate 110 may be about 30 μm to about 120 μm.

The first substrate 110 may include organic or inorganic filler. The organic or inorganic filler may function as an anti-blocking agent.

The average particle diameter of the filler may be about 0.1 μm to about 5 μm. The average particle diameter of the filler may be about 0.1 μm to about 3 μm. The average particle diameter of the filler may be about 0.1 μm to about 1 μm.

The filler may be selected from at least one group consisting of silica particles, barium sulfate particles, alumina particles, or titania particles.

Additionally, the filler may be included in the first substrate 110 in an amount of about 0.01 wt% to about 3 wt% based on the entire first substrate 110. The filler may be included in the first substrate 110 in an amount of about 0.05 wt% to about 2 wt% based on the entire first substrate 110.

The first substrate 110 may have a single-layer structure. For example, the first substrate 110 may be a single-layer polyester film.

The first substrate 110 may have a multilayer structure. For example, the first substrate 110 may be a multilayer co-extruded film. The multilayer coextruded structure may include a center layer, a first surface layer, and a second surface layer. The filler may be included in the first surface layer and the second surface layer.

The second substrate 120 faces the first substrate 110. The second substrate 120 is disposed on the first substrate 110. One end of the second substrate 120 may be arranged to be offset from one end of the first substrate 110 . The other end of the second substrate 120 may be arranged to be offset from the other end of the first substrate 110.

The second substrate 120 supports the first electrochromic portion 11 together with the first substrate 110 .

Additionally, the second substrate 120 sandwiches the first electrochromic portion 11 together with the first substrate 110. The second substrate 120 may protect the first electrochromic unit 11 from external physical and chemical shocks.

The second substrate 120 may include polymer resin. The second substrate 120 may include at least one from the group consisting of polyester-based resin, polyimide-based resin, cyclic olefin polymer resin, polyethersulfone, polycarbonate, or polyolefin-based resin.

The second substrate 120 may include polyester resin as a main component. The second substrate 120 may include polyethylene terephthalate. The second substrate 120 may contain polyethylene terephthalate in an amount of about 90 wt% or more based on the total composition. The second substrate 120 may contain polyethylene terephthalate in an amount of about 95 wt% or more based on the total composition. The second substrate 120 may contain polyethylene terephthalate in an amount of about 97 wt% or more based on the total composition. The second substrate 120 may contain polyethylene terephthalate in an amount of about 98 wt% or more based on the total composition.

The second substrate 120 may include a uniaxially or biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate film. The second substrate 120 may include a polyethylene terephthalate film stretched about 2 to about 5 times in the longitudinal direction and/or the width direction.

The second substrate 120 may have high mechanical properties to reinforce the glass when applied to the windows of a building or vehicle.

The second substrate 120 may have a tensile strength of about 7 kgf/mm2 to about 40 kgf/mm2 in the longitudinal direction. The second substrate 120 may have a tensile strength of about 8 kgf/mm2 to about 35 kgf/mm2 in the longitudinal direction.

The second substrate 120 may have a tensile strength of about 7 kgf/mm2 to about 40 kgf/mm2 in the width direction. The second substrate 120 may have a tensile strength of about 8 kgf/mm2 to about 35 kgf/mm2 in the width direction.

The second substrate 120 may have a modulus of about 200 kgf/mm2 to about 400 kgf/mm2 in the longitudinal direction. The second substrate 120 may have a modulus of about 250 kgf/mm2 to about 350 kgf/mm2 in the longitudinal direction. The second substrate 120 may have a modulus of about 250 kgf/mm2 to about 270 kgf/mm2 in the longitudinal direction.

The second substrate 120 may have a modulus of about 200 kgf/mm2 to about 400 kgf/mm2 in the width direction. The second substrate 120 may have a modulus of about 250 kgf/mm2 to about 350 kgf/mm2 in the width direction. The second substrate 120 may have a modulus of about 250 kgf/mm2 to about 270 kgf/mm2 in the width direction.

The second substrate 120 may have an elongation at break of about 30% to about 150% in the longitudinal direction. The second substrate 120 may have an elongation at break of about 30% to about 130% in the longitudinal direction. The second substrate 120 may have an elongation at break of about 40% to about 120% in the longitudinal direction.

The second substrate 120 may have an elongation at break of about 30% to about 150% in the longitudinal direction. The second substrate 120 may have an elongation at break of about 30% to about 130% in the longitudinal direction. The second substrate 120 may have an elongation at break of about 40% to about 120% in the longitudinal direction.

The second substrate 120 may have an elongation at break of about 30% to about 150% in the width direction. The second substrate 120 may have an elongation at break of about 30% to about 130% in the width direction. The second substrate 120 may have an elongation at break of about 40% to about 120% in the width direction.

Since the second substrate 120 has improved mechanical strength as described above, it can efficiently protect the first electrochromic portion 11. Additionally, because the second substrate 120 has improved mechanical strength as described above, it can efficiently reinforce the mechanical strength of the glass to which it is to be attached.

Additionally, the second substrate 120 may have high chemical resistance. Accordingly, even if the electrolyte contained in the first electrochromic portion 11 leaks to the second substrate 120, damage to the surface of the second substrate 120 can be minimized.

The second substrate 120 may have improved optical properties. The total light transmittance of the second substrate 120 may be about 55% or more. The total light transmittance of the second substrate 120 may be about 70% or more. The total light transmittance of the second substrate 120 may be about 75% to about 99%. The total light transmittance of the second substrate 120 may be about 80% to about 99%.

The haze of the second substrate 120 may be about 20% or less. It may be about 0.1% to about 20%. The haze of the second substrate 120 may be about 0.1% to about 10%. The haze of the second substrate 120 may be about 0.1% to about 7%.

Since the second substrate 120 has appropriate total light transmittance and haze, the electrochromic device according to the embodiment can have improved optical properties. That is, since the second substrate 120 has appropriate transmittance and haze, the electrochromic device according to the embodiment is applied to the window, appropriately adjusting the transmittance, minimizing distortion of the image from the outside, and improving appearance. You can have

Additionally, the second substrate 120 may have an in-plane retardation of about 100 nm to about 4000 nm. The second substrate 120 may have an in-plane retardation of about 200 nm to about 3500 nm. The second substrate 120 may have an in-plane retardation of about 200 nm to about 3000 nm.

The second substrate 120 may have an in-plane retardation of about 7000 nm or more. The second substrate 120 may have an in-plane retardation of about 7000 nm to about 50000 nm. The second substrate 120 may have an in-plane retardation of about 8000 nm to about 20000 nm.

The in-plane phase difference can be derived from the refractive index and thickness of the second substrate 120 according to its direction.

Since the second substrate 120 has the above-described in-plane retardation, the electrochromic device according to the embodiment may have an improved appearance.

The thickness of the second substrate 120 may be about 10 μm to about 200 μm. The thickness of the second substrate 120 may be about 23 μm to about 150 μm. The thickness of the second substrate 120 may be about 30 μm to about 120 μm.

The second substrate 120 may include organic or inorganic filler. The organic or inorganic filler may function as an anti-blocking agent.

The average particle diameter of the filler may be about 0.1 μm to about 5 μm. The average particle diameter of the filler may be about 0.1 μm to about 3 μm. The average particle diameter of the filler may be about 0.1 μm to about 1 μm.

The filler may be selected from at least one group consisting of silica particles, barium sulfate particles, alumina particles, or titania particles.

Additionally, the filler may be included in the second substrate 120 in an amount of about 0.01 wt% to about 3 wt% based on the entire second substrate 120. The filler may be included in the second substrate 120 in an amount of about 0.05 wt% to about 2 wt% based on the entire second substrate 120.

The second substrate 120 may have a single-layer structure. For example, the second substrate 120 may be a single-layer polyester film.

The second substrate 120 may have a multilayer structure. For example, the second substrate 120 may be a multilayer co-extruded film.

The third substrate 130 faces the first substrate 110. The third substrate 130 is disposed below the first substrate 110. One end of the third substrate 130 may be disposed to be offset from one end of the first substrate 110 . The other end of the third substrate 130 may be arranged to be offset from the other end of the first substrate 110.

The third substrate 130 supports the second electrochromic portion 12 together with the first substrate 110.

Additionally, the third substrate 130 sandwiches the second electrochromic portion 12 together with the first substrate 110. The third substrate 130 may protect the second electrochromic unit 12 from external physical and chemical shock.

The third substrate 130 may include polymer resin. The third substrate 130 may include at least one from the group consisting of polyester-based resin, polyimide-based resin, cyclic olefin polymer resin, polyethersulfone, polycarbonate, or polyolefin-based resin.

The third substrate 130 may include polyester resin as a main component. The third substrate 130 may include polyethylene terephthalate. The third substrate 130 may contain polyethylene terephthalate in an amount of about 90 wt% or more based on the total composition. The third substrate 130 may contain polyethylene terephthalate in an amount of about 95 wt% or more based on the total composition. The third substrate 130 may contain polyethylene terephthalate in an amount of about 97 wt% or more based on the total composition. The third substrate 130 may contain polyethylene terephthalate in an amount of about 98 wt% or more based on the total composition.

The third substrate 130 may include a uniaxially or biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate film. The third substrate 130 may include a polyethylene terephthalate film stretched about 2 to about 5 times in the longitudinal direction and/or the width direction.

The third substrate 130 may have high mechanical properties to reinforce the glass when applied to the windows of a building or vehicle.

The third substrate 130 may have a tensile strength of about 7 kgf/mm2 to about 40 kgf/mm2 in the longitudinal direction. The third substrate 130 may have a tensile strength of about 8 kgf/mm2 to about 35 kgf/mm2 in the longitudinal direction.

The third substrate 130 may have a tensile strength of about 7 kgf/mm2 to about 40 kgf/mm2 in the width direction. The third substrate 130 may have a tensile strength of about 8 kgf/mm2 to about 35 kgf/mm2 in the width direction.

The third substrate 130 may have a modulus of about 200 kgf/mm2 to about 400 kgf/mm2 in the longitudinal direction. The third substrate 130 may have a modulus of about 250 kgf/mm2 to about 350 kgf/mm2 in the longitudinal direction. The third substrate 130 may have a modulus of about 250 kgf/mm2 to about 270 kgf/mm2 in the longitudinal direction.

The third substrate 130 may have a modulus of about 200 kgf/mm2 to about 400 kgf/mm2 in the width direction. The third substrate 130 may have a modulus of about 250 kgf/mm2 to about 350 kgf/mm2 in the width direction. The third substrate 130 may have a modulus of about 250 kgf/mm2 to about 270 kgf/mm2 in the width direction.

The third substrate 130 may have an elongation at break of about 30% to about 150% in the longitudinal direction. The third substrate 130 may have an elongation at break of about 30% to about 130% in the longitudinal direction. The third substrate 130 may have an elongation at break of about 40% to about 120% in the longitudinal direction.

The third substrate 130 may have an elongation at break of about 30% to about 150% in the longitudinal direction. The third substrate 130 may have an elongation at break of about 30% to about 130% in the longitudinal direction. The third substrate 130 may have an elongation at break of about 40% to about 120% in the longitudinal direction.

The third substrate 130 may have an elongation at break of about 30% to about 150% in the width direction. The third substrate 130 may have an elongation at break of about 30% to about 130% in the width direction. The third substrate 130 may have an elongation at break of about 40% to about 120% in the width direction.

Since the third substrate 130 has the improved mechanical strength as described above, it can efficiently protect the second electrochromic portion 12. Additionally, because the third substrate 130 has improved mechanical strength as described above, it can efficiently reinforce the mechanical strength of the glass to which it is to be attached.

Additionally, the third substrate 130 may have high chemical resistance. Accordingly, even if the electrolyte contained in the second electrochromic portion 12 leaks to the third substrate 130, damage to the surface of the third substrate 130 can be minimized.

The third substrate 130 may have improved optical properties. The total light transmittance of the third substrate 130 may be about 55% or more. The total light transmittance of the third substrate 130 may be about 70% or more. The total light transmittance of the third substrate 130 may be about 75% to about 99%. The total light transmittance of the third substrate 130 may be about 80% to about 99%.

The haze of the third substrate 130 may be about 20% or less. It may be about 0.1% to about 20%. The haze of the third substrate 130 may be about 0.1% to about 10%. The haze of the third substrate 130 may be about 0.1% to about 7%.

Since the third substrate 130 has appropriate total light transmittance and haze, the electrochromic device according to the embodiment can have improved optical properties. That is, because the third substrate 130 has appropriate transmittance and haze, the electrochromic device according to the embodiment is applied to the window, appropriately adjusting the transmittance, minimizing distortion of the image from the outside, and improving appearance. You can have

Additionally, the third substrate 130 may have an in-plane retardation of about 100 nm to about 4000 nm. The third substrate 130 may have an in-plane retardation of about 200 nm to about 3500 nm. The third substrate 130 may have an in-plane retardation of about 200 nm to about 3000 nm.

The third substrate 130 may have an in-plane retardation of about 7000 nm or more. The third substrate 130 may have an in-plane retardation of about 7000 nm to about 50000 nm. The third substrate 130 may have an in-plane retardation of about 8000 nm to about 20000 nm.

The in-plane phase difference can be derived from the refractive index and thickness of the third substrate 130 according to its direction.

Since the third substrate 130 has the above-mentioned in-plane retardation, the electrochromic device according to the embodiment may have an improved appearance.

The third substrate 130 may have a thickness of about 10 μm to about 200 μm. The third substrate 130 may have a thickness of about 23 μm to about 150 μm. The third substrate 130 may have a thickness of about 30 μm to about 120 μm.

The third substrate 130 may include organic or inorganic filler. The organic or inorganic filler may function as an anti-blocking agent.

The average particle diameter of the filler may be about 0.1 μm to about 5 μm. The average particle diameter of the filler may be about 0.1 μm to about 3 μm. The average particle diameter of the filler may be about 0.1 μm to about 1 μm.

The filler may be selected from at least one group consisting of silica particles, barium sulfate particles, alumina particles, or titania particles.

Additionally, the filler may be included in the third substrate 130 in an amount of about 0.01 wt% to about 3 wt% based on the entire third substrate 130. The filler may be included in the third substrate 130 in an amount of about 0.05 wt% to about 2 wt% based on the entire third substrate 130.

The third substrate 130 may have a single-layer structure. For example, the third substrate 130 may be a single-layer polyester film.

The third substrate 130 may have a multilayer structure. For example, the third substrate 130 may be a multilayer co-extruded film.

The first substrate 110, the second substrate 120, and the third substrate 130 may be flexible. Accordingly, the electrochromic device according to the embodiment may be flexible as a whole.

The first electrochromic portion 11 is disposed on the first substrate 110. The first electrochromic portion 11 is disposed below the second substrate 120. The first electrochromic portion 11 is disposed between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120.

The first electrochromic portion 11 includes a first transparent electrode 210, a second transparent electrode 220, a first color change layer 310, a second color change layer 320, and a first electrolyte layer 410. Includes.

The first transparent electrode 210 is disposed on the first substrate 110. The first transparent electrode 210 may be formed by depositing on the first substrate 110. Additionally, a hard coating layer may be further included between the first transparent electrode 210 and the first substrate 110.

The first transparent electrode 210 is made of tin oxide, zinc oxide, silver (Ag), chromium (Cr), indium tin oxide (ITO), fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO), and aluminum. Aluminum doped Zinc Oxide (AZO), Gallium doped Zinc Oxide (GZO), Antimony doped Tin Oxide (ATO), Indium zinc oxide (IZO), It may include at least one from the group consisting of Niobium doped Titanium Oxide (NTO) or Cadmium Tin Oxide (CTO).

Additionally, the first transparent electrode 210 may include graphene, silver nanowire, and/or metal mesh.

The first transparent electrode 210 may have a total light transmittance of about 80% or more. The first transparent electrode 210 may have a total light transmittance of about 85% or more. The first transparent electrode 210 may have a total light transmittance of about 88% or more.

The first transparent electrode 210 may have a haze of about 10% or less. The first transparent electrode 210 may have a haze of about 7% or less. The first transparent electrode 210 may have a haze of about 5% or less.

The sheet resistance of the first transparent electrode 210 may be about 1Ω/sq to 60Ω/sq. The sheet resistance of the first transparent electrode 210 may be about 1Ω/sq to 40Ω/sq. The sheet resistance of the first transparent electrode 210 may be about 1Ω/sq to 30Ω/sq.

The thickness of the first transparent electrode 210 may be about 50 nm to about 50 μm. The thickness of the first transparent electrode 210 may be about 100 nm to about 10 μm. The thickness of the first transparent electrode 210 may be about 150 nm to about 5 μm.

The first transparent electrode 210 is electrically connected to the first color change layer 310. Additionally, the first transparent electrode 210 is electrically connected to the first electrolyte layer 410 through the first discoloration layer 310.

The second transparent electrode 220 is disposed below the second substrate 120. The second transparent electrode 220 may be formed by depositing on the second substrate 120. Additionally, a hard coating layer may be further included between the second transparent electrode 220 and the second substrate 120.

The second transparent electrode 220 is made of tin oxide, zinc oxide, silver (Ag), chromium (Cr), indium tin oxide (ITO), fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO), and aluminum. Aluminum doped Zinc Oxide (AZO), Gallium doped Zinc Oxide (GZO), Antimony doped Tin Oxide (ATO), Indium zinc oxide (IZO), It may include at least one from the group consisting of Niobium doped Titanium Oxide (NTO) or Cadmium Tin Oxide (CTO).

Additionally, the second transparent electrode 220 may include graphene, silver nanowire, and/or metal mesh.

The second transparent electrode 220 may have a total light transmittance of about 80% or more. The second transparent electrode 220 may have a total light transmittance of about 85% or more. The second transparent electrode 220 may have a total light transmittance of about 88% or more.

The second transparent electrode 220 may have a haze of about 10% or less. The second transparent electrode 220 may have a haze of about 7% or less. The second transparent electrode 220 may have a haze of about 5% or less.

The sheet resistance of the second transparent electrode 220 may be about 1Ω/sq to 60Ω/sq. The sheet resistance of the second transparent electrode 220 may be about 1Ω/sq to 40Ω/sq. The sheet resistance of the second transparent electrode 220 may be about 1Ω/sq to 30Ω/sq.

The thickness of the second transparent electrode 220 may be about 50 nm to about 50 μm. The thickness of the second transparent electrode 220 may be about 100 nm to about 10 μm. The thickness of the second transparent electrode 220 may be about 150 nm to about 5 μm.

The second transparent electrode 220 is electrically connected to the second color change layer 320. Additionally, the second transparent electrode 220 is electrically connected to the first electrolyte layer 410 through the second discoloration layer 320.

The first discoloration layer 310 is disposed on the first transparent electrode 210. The first discoloration layer 310 may be placed directly on the top surface of the first transparent electrode 210. The first discoloration layer 310 may be directly electrically connected to the first transparent electrode 210.

The first color changing layer 310 is electrically connected to the first transparent electrode 210. The first discoloration layer 310 may be directly connected to the first transparent electrode 210. Additionally, the first discoloration layer 310 is electrically connected to the first electrolyte layer 410. The first discoloration layer 310 may be electrically connected to the first electrolyte layer 410.

The first color changing layer 310 may change color by receiving electrons. The first color changing layer 310 may include a first electrochromic material that changes color when supplied with electrons. The first electrochromic material is tungsten oxide, niobium pentaoxide, vanadium pentaoxide, titanium oxide, molybdenum oxide, vilogen, or poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene). ;PEDOT) may include at least one from the group.

The first color changing layer 310 may include the first electrochromic material in particle form. The tungsten oxide, niobium pentaoxide, vanadium pentaoxide, titanium oxide, and molybdenum oxide may be particles having a particle size of about 1 nm to about 200 nm.

The first color changing layer 310 may include the first electrochromic material in an amount of about 70 wt% to about 98 wt% based on the total weight of the first color changing layer 310. The first color changing layer 310 may include the first electrochromic material in an amount of about 80 wt% to about 96 wt% based on the total weight of the first color changing layer 310. The first color changing layer 310 may include the first electrochromic material in an amount of about 90 wt% to about 94 wt% based on the total weight of the first color changing layer 310.

Additionally, the first discoloration layer 310 may further include a binder. The binder may be an inorganic binder. The binder may include silica gel. The binder may be formed of silica sol containing tetramethoxysilane or methyltrimethoxysilane.

The first discoloring layer 310 may include the binder in an amount of about 1 wt% to 15 wt% based on the total weight of the first discoloring layer 310. The first discoloring layer 310 may include the binder in an amount of about 2 wt% to 10 wt% based on the total weight of the first discoloring layer 310. The first discoloring layer 310 may include the binder in an amount of about 3 wt% to 5 wt% based on the total weight of the first discoloring layer 310.

The second discoloration layer 320 is disposed below the second transparent electrode 220. The second discoloration layer 320 may be directly disposed on the lower surface of the second transparent electrode 220. The second discoloration layer 320 may be directly electrically connected to the second transparent electrode 220.

The second discoloration layer 320 is electrically connected to the second transparent electrode 220. The second discoloration layer 320 may be directly connected to the second transparent electrode 220. Additionally, the second discoloration layer 320 is electrically connected to the first electrolyte layer 410. The second discoloration layer 320 may be electrically connected to the first electrolyte layer 410.

The second color changing layer 320 may change color as it loses electrons. The second color changing layer 320 may include a second electrochromic material that is oxidized and changes color while losing electrons. The second discoloration layer 320 may include at least one from the group consisting of Prussian blue, nickel oxide, and iridium oxide.

The second color changing layer 320 may include the second electrochromic material in particle form. The Prussian blue, nickel oxide, and iridium oxide may be particles having a particle size of about 1 nm to about 200 nm.

Additionally, the second discoloration layer 320 may further include the binder.

The second discoloration layer 320 may include the binder in an amount of about 1 wt% to 15 wt% based on the total weight of the second discoloration layer 320. The second discoloration layer 320 may include the binder in an amount of about 2 wt% to 10 wt% based on the total weight of the second discoloration layer 320. The second discoloring layer 320 may include the binder in an amount of about 3 wt% to 5 wt% based on the total weight of the second discoloring layer 320.

The first electrolyte layer 410 is disposed on the first discoloration layer 310. Additionally, the first electrolyte layer 410 is disposed below the second discoloration layer 320. The first electrolyte layer 410 is disposed between the first discoloring layer 310 and the second discoloring layer 320. The first electrolyte layer 410 may directly contact the first discoloring layer 310 and the second discoloring layer 320 to be directly electrically connected.

The first electrolyte layer 410 may include a solid polymer electrolyte containing metal ions or an inorganic hydrate. The first electrolyte layer 410 may include lithium ions (Li+), sodium ions (Na+), potassium ions (K+), etc.

Specifically, Poly-AMPS, PEO/LiCF ₃ SO ₃ , etc. can be used as the solid polymer electrolyte, and Sb ₂ O ₅ .4H ₂ O, etc. can be used as the inorganic hydrate.

Additionally, the first electrolyte layer 410 is configured to provide electrolyte ions involved in electrochromic reaction. The electrolyte ion may be, for example, a monovalent cation such as H+, Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, or Cs+.

The first electrolyte layer 410 may include an electrolyte. As examples of the electrolyte, liquid electrolyte, gel polymer electrolyte, or inorganic solid electrolyte can be used without limitation. Additionally, the electrolyte may be used in the form of a single layer or film so that it can be stacked together with the electrode or substrate.

The type of electrolyte salt used in the first electrolyte layer 410 is not particularly limited as long as it can contain a compound capable of providing monovalent cations, that is, H+, Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, or Cs+. For example, the first electrolyte layer 410 is LiClO ₄ , LiBF ₄ , LiAsF ₆ , LiPF ₆ , LiCl, LiBr, LiI, LiB ₁₀ Cl ₁₀ , LiCF ₃ SO ₃ , LiCF ₃ CO ₂ , LiAsF ₆ , LiSbF ₆ , LiAlCl ₄ , CH ₃ SO ₃ Li, CF ₃ SO ₃ Li or (CF ₃ SO ₂ ) ₂ lithium salt compounds such as NLi; Alternatively, it may include a sodium salt compound such as NaClO ₄ .

In one example, the first electrolyte layer 410 may include a compound containing Cl or F elements as an electrolyte salt. Specifically, the electrolyte layer 700 is LiClO ₄ , LiBF ₄ , LiAsF ₆ , LiPF ₆ , LiCl, LiB ₁₀ Cl ₁₀ , LiCF ₃ SO ₃ , LiCF ₃ CO ₂ , LiAsF ₆ , LiSbF ₆ , LiAlCl ₄ , CF ₃ It may include one or more electrolyte salts selected from SO ₃ Li, (CF ₃ SO ₂ ) ₂ NLi, and NaClO ₄ .

The electrolyte may further include a carbonate compound as a solvent. Since carbonate-based compounds have a high dielectric constant, ionic conductivity can be increased. As a non-limiting example, a solvent such as propylene carbonate (PC), ethylene carbonate (EC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), or ethylmethyl carbonate (EMC) may be used as a carbonate-based compound.

In another example, when the first electrolyte layer 410 includes a gel polymer electrolyte, the first electrolyte layer 410 is poly-vinyl sulfonic acid, poly-styrene sulfonic acid, -styrene sulfonic acid, poly-ethylene sulfonic acid, poly-2-acrylamido-2methyl-propane sulfonic acid, poly-perfluoro sulfonic acid ( Poly-perfluoro sulfonic acid, Poly-toluene sulfonic acid, Poly-vinyl alcohol, Poly-ethylene imine, Poly-vinyl pyrrolidone pyrrolidone), poly-ethylene oxide (PEO), poly-propylene oxide (PPO), poly-(ethylene oxide, siloxane) (PEOS) ), poly-(ethylene glycol, siloxane), poly-(propylene oxide, siloxane), poly-(ethylene oxide, methyl methacrylate )(poly-(ethylene oxide, methyl methacrylate) (PEO-PMMA)), poly-(ethylene oxide, acrylic acid) (PEO PAA)), poly-(propylene glycol, methyl methacrylate) It may contain polymers such as acrylate (poly-(propylene glycol, methyl methacrylate) (PPG PMMA)), poly-ethylene succinate, or poly-ethylene adipate. . In one example, a mixture of two or more or a copolymer of two or more of the polymers listed above may be used as the polymer electrolyte.

Additionally, the first electrolyte layer 410 may include a curable resin that can be hardened by ultraviolet ray irradiation or heat. The curable resin may be at least one selected from the group consisting of acrylate-based oligomers, polyethylene glycol-based oligomers, urethane-based oligomers, polyester-based oligomers, polyethylene glycol dimethyl, or polyethylene glycol diacrylate. Additionally, the first electrolyte layer 410 may include a photocuring initiator and/or a thermal curing initiator.

The thickness of the first electrolyte layer 410 may be about 10 ㎛ to about 200 ㎛. The thickness of the first electrolyte layer 410 may be about 50 μm to about 150 μm.

The first electrolyte layer 410 may have a transmittance in the range of 60% to 95%. Specifically, the first electrolyte layer 410 may have a transmittance of 60% to 95% for visible light in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm, more specifically, 400 nm wavelength or 550 nm wavelength. The transmittance can be measured using a known haze meter (HM).

The second electrochromic portion 12 is disposed below the first substrate 110. The second electrochromic portion 12 is disposed on the third substrate 130. The second electrochromic portion 12 is disposed between the first substrate 110 and the third substrate 130.

The second electrochromic unit 12 includes a third transparent electrode 230, a fourth transparent electrode 240, a third color change layer 330, a fourth color change layer 340, and a second electrolyte layer 420. Includes.

The third transparent electrode 230 is disposed below the first substrate 110. The third transparent electrode 230 may be formed by depositing under the first substrate 110. Additionally, a hard coating layer may be further included between the third transparent electrode 230 and the first substrate 110.

The third transparent electrode 230 is made of tin oxide, zinc oxide, silver (Ag), chromium (Cr), indium tin oxide (ITO), fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO), and aluminum. Aluminum doped Zinc Oxide (AZO), Gallium doped Zinc Oxide (GZO), Antimony doped Tin Oxide (ATO), Indium zinc oxide (IZO), It may include at least one from the group consisting of Niobium doped Titanium Oxide (NTO) or Cadmium Tin Oxide (CTO).

Additionally, the third transparent electrode 230 may include graphene, silver nanowire, and/or metal mesh.

The third transparent electrode 230 may have a total light transmittance of about 80% or more. The third transparent electrode 230 may have a total light transmittance of about 85% or more. The third transparent electrode 230 may have a total light transmittance of about 88% or more.

The third transparent electrode 230 may have a haze of about 10% or less. The third transparent electrode 230 may have a haze of about 7% or less. The third transparent electrode 230 may have a haze of about 5% or less.

The sheet resistance of the third transparent electrode 230 may be about 1Ω/sq to 60Ω/sq. The sheet resistance of the third transparent electrode 230 may be about 1Ω/sq to 40Ω/sq. The sheet resistance of the third transparent electrode 230 may be about 1Ω/sq to 30Ω/sq.

The thickness of the third transparent electrode 230 may be about 50 nm to about 50 μm. The thickness of the third transparent electrode 230 may be about 100 nm to about 10 μm. The thickness of the third transparent electrode 230 may be about 150 nm to about 5 μm.

The third transparent electrode 230 is electrically connected to the third color change layer 330. Additionally, the third transparent electrode 230 is electrically connected to the second electrolyte layer 420 through the third discoloration layer 330.

The fourth transparent electrode 240 is disposed on the third substrate 130. The fourth transparent electrode 240 may be formed by depositing on the third substrate 130. Additionally, a hard coating layer may be further included between the fourth transparent electrode 240 and the third substrate 130.

The fourth transparent electrode 240 is made of tin oxide, zinc oxide, silver (Ag), chromium (Cr), indium tin oxide (ITO), fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO), and aluminum. Aluminum doped Zinc Oxide (AZO), Gallium doped Zinc Oxide (GZO), Antimony doped Tin Oxide (ATO), Indium zinc oxide (IZO), It may include at least one from the group consisting of Niobium doped Titanium Oxide (NTO) or Cadmium Tin Oxide (CTO).

Additionally, the fourth transparent electrode 240 may include graphene, silver nanowire, and/or metal mesh.

The fourth transparent electrode 240 may have a total light transmittance of about 80% or more. The fourth transparent electrode 240 may have a total light transmittance of about 85% or more. The fourth transparent electrode 240 may have a total light transmittance of about 88% or more.

The fourth transparent electrode 240 may have a haze of about 10% or less. The fourth transparent electrode 240 may have a haze of about 7% or less. The fourth transparent electrode 240 may have a haze of about 5% or less.

The sheet resistance of the fourth transparent electrode 240 may be about 1Ω/sq to 60Ω/sq. The sheet resistance of the fourth transparent electrode 240 may be about 1Ω/sq to 40Ω/sq. The sheet resistance of the fourth transparent electrode 240 may be about 1Ω/sq to 30Ω/sq.

The thickness of the fourth transparent electrode 240 may be about 50 nm to about 50 μm. The thickness of the fourth transparent electrode 240 may be about 100 nm to about 10 μm. The thickness of the fourth transparent electrode 240 may be about 150 nm to about 5 μm.

The fourth transparent electrode 240 is electrically connected to the fourth color change layer 340. Additionally, the fourth transparent electrode 240 is electrically connected to the second electrolyte layer 420 through the fourth discoloration layer 340.

The third discoloration layer 330 is disposed below the third transparent electrode 230. The third discoloration layer 330 may be directly disposed on the lower surface of the third transparent electrode 230. The third discoloration layer 330 may be directly electrically connected to the third transparent electrode 230.

The third discoloration layer 330 is electrically connected to the third transparent electrode 230. The third discoloration layer 330 may be directly connected to the third transparent electrode 230. Additionally, the third discoloration layer 330 is electrically connected to the second electrolyte layer 420. The third discoloration layer 330 may be electrically connected to the second electrolyte layer 420.

The third color change layer 330 may change color by receiving electrons. The third color-changing layer 330 may include a third electrochromic material that changes color when supplied with electrons. The third electrochromic material is tungsten oxide, niobium pentaoxide, vanadium pentaoxide, titanium oxide, molybdenum oxide, vilogen, or poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene). ;PEDOT) may include at least one from the group.

The third color changing layer 330 may include the third electrochromic material in particle form. The tungsten oxide, niobium pentaoxide, vanadium pentaoxide, titanium oxide, and molybdenum oxide may be particles having a particle size of about 1 nm to about 200 nm.

The third color changing layer 330 may include the third electrochromic material in an amount of about 70 wt% to about 98 wt% based on the total weight of the third color changing layer 330. The third color-changing layer 330 may include the first electrochromic material in an amount of about 80 wt% to about 96 wt% based on the total weight of the third color-changing layer 330. The third color changing layer 330 may include the third electrochromic material in an amount of about 90 wt% to about 94 wt% based on the total weight of the third color changing layer 330.

Additionally, the third discoloration layer 330 may further include a binder. The binder may be an inorganic binder. The binder may include silica gel. The binder may be formed of silica sol containing tetramethoxysilane or methyltrimethoxysilane.

The third discoloration layer 330 may include the binder in an amount of about 1 wt% to 15 wt% based on the total weight of the third discoloration layer 330. The third discoloring layer 330 may include the binder in an amount of about 2 wt% to 10 wt% based on the total weight of the third discoloring layer 330. The third discoloration layer 330 may include the binder in an amount of about 3 wt% to 5 wt% based on the total weight of the third discoloration layer 330.

The fourth discoloration layer 340 is disposed on the fourth transparent electrode 240. The fourth discoloration layer 340 may be directly disposed on the upper surface of the fourth transparent electrode 240. The fourth discoloration layer 340 may be directly electrically connected to the fourth transparent electrode 240.

The fourth discoloration layer 340 is electrically connected to the fourth transparent electrode 240. The fourth color change layer 340 may be directly connected to the fourth transparent electrode 240. Additionally, the fourth discoloration layer 340 is electrically connected to the second electrolyte layer 420. The fourth discoloration layer 340 may be electrically connected to the second electrolyte layer 420.

The fourth color change layer 340 may change color as it loses electrons. The fourth color changing layer 340 may include a fourth electrochromic material that is oxidized and changes color while losing electrons. The fourth discoloration layer 340 may include at least one from the group consisting of Prussian blue, nickel oxide, and iridium oxide.

The fourth color changing layer 340 may include the fourth electrochromic material in particle form. The Prussian blue, nickel oxide, and iridium oxide may be particles having a particle size of about 1 nm to about 200 nm.

Additionally, the fourth discoloration layer 340 may further include the binder.

The fourth discoloring layer 340 may include the binder in an amount of about 1 wt% to 15 wt% based on the total weight of the fourth discoloring layer 340. The fourth discoloring layer 340 may include the binder in an amount of about 2 wt% to 10 wt% based on the total weight of the fourth discoloring layer 340. The fourth discoloring layer 340 may include the binder in an amount of about 3 wt% to 5 wt% based on the total weight of the fourth discoloring layer 340.

The second electrolyte layer 420 is disposed below the third discoloration layer 330. Additionally, the second electrolyte layer 420 is disposed on the fourth discoloration layer 340. The second electrolyte layer 420 is disposed between the third discoloration layer 330 and the fourth discoloration layer 340.

The second electrolyte layer 420 may include a solid polymer electrolyte containing metal ions or an inorganic hydrate. The first electrolyte layer 410 may include lithium ions (Li+), sodium ions (Na+), potassium ions (K+), etc.

Specifically, Poly-AMPS, PEO/LiCF ₃ SO ₃ , etc. can be used as the solid polymer electrolyte, and Sb ₂ O ₅ .4H ₂ O, etc. can be used as the inorganic hydrate.

Additionally, the second electrolyte layer 420 is configured to provide electrolyte ions involved in electrochromic reaction. The electrolyte ion may be, for example, a monovalent cation such as H+, Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, or Cs+.

The second electrolyte layer 420 may include an electrolyte. As examples of the electrolyte, liquid electrolyte, gel polymer electrolyte, or inorganic solid electrolyte can be used without limitation. Additionally, the electrolyte may be used in the form of a single layer or film so that it can be stacked together with the electrode or substrate.

The type of electrolyte salt used in the second electrolyte layer 420 is not particularly limited as long as it can contain a compound capable of providing monovalent cations, that is, H+, Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, or Cs+. For example, the second electrolyte layer 420 is LiClO ₄ , LiBF ₄ , LiAsF ₆ , LiPF ₆ , LiCl, LiBr, LiI, LiB ₁₀ Cl ₁₀ , LiCF ₃ SO ₃ , LiCF ₃ CO ₂ , LiAsF ₆ , LiSbF ₆ , LiAlCl ₄ , CH ₃ SO ₃ Li, CF ₃ SO ₃ Li or (CF ₃ SO ₂ ) ₂ NLi; Alternatively, it may include a sodium salt compound such as NaClO ₄ .

In one example, the second electrolyte layer 420 may include a compound containing Cl or F elements as an electrolyte salt. Specifically, the electrolyte layer 700 is LiClO ₄ , LiBF ₄ , LiAsF ₆ , LiPF ₆ , LiCl, LiB ₁₀ Cl ₁₀ , LiCF ₃ SO ₃ , LiCF ₃ CO ₂ , LiAsF ₆ , LiSbF ₆ , LiAlCl ₄ , CF ₃ It may include one or more electrolyte salts selected from SO ₃ Li, (CF ₃ SO ₂ ) ₂ NLi, and NaClO ₄ .

The electrolyte may further include a carbonate compound as a solvent. Since carbonate-based compounds have a high dielectric constant, ionic conductivity can be increased. As a non-limiting example, a solvent such as propylene carbonate (PC), ethylene carbonate (EC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), or ethylmethyl carbonate (EMC) may be used as a carbonate-based compound.

In another example, when the second electrolyte layer 420 includes a gel polymer electrolyte, the second electrolyte layer 420 is poly-vinyl sulfonic acid, poly-styrene sulfonic acid, -styrene sulfonic acid, poly-ethylene sulfonic acid, poly-2-acrylamido-2methyl-propane sulfonic acid, poly-perfluoro sulfonic acid ( Poly-perfluoro sulfonic acid, Poly-toluene sulfonic acid, Poly-vinyl alcohol, Poly-ethylene imine, Poly-vinyl pyrrolidone pyrrolidone), poly-ethylene oxide (PEO), poly-propylene oxide (PPO), poly-(ethylene oxide, siloxane) (PEOS) ), poly-(ethylene glycol, siloxane), poly-(propylene oxide, siloxane), poly-(ethylene oxide, methyl methacrylate )(poly-(ethylene oxide, methyl methacrylate) (PEO-PMMA)), poly-(ethylene oxide, acrylic acid) (PEO PAA)), poly-(propylene glycol, methyl methacrylate) It may contain polymers such as acrylate (poly-(propylene glycol, methyl methacrylate) (PPG PMMA)), poly-ethylene succinate, or poly-ethylene adipate. . In one example, a mixture of two or more or a copolymer of two or more of the polymers listed above may be used as the polymer electrolyte.

Additionally, the second electrolyte layer 420 may include a curable resin that can be hardened by ultraviolet ray irradiation or heat. The curable resin may be at least one selected from the group consisting of acrylate-based oligomers, polyethylene glycol-based oligomers, urethane-based oligomers, polyester-based oligomers, polyethylene glycol dimethyl, or polyethylene glycol diacrylate. Additionally, the second electrolyte layer 420 may include a photocuring initiator and/or a thermal curing initiator.

The thickness of the second electrolyte layer 420 may be about 10 ㎛ to about 200 ㎛. The thickness of the second electrolyte layer 420 may be about 50 μm to about 150 μm.

The second electrolyte layer 420 may have a transmittance in the range of 60% to 95%. Specifically, the second electrolyte layer 420 may have a transmittance of 60% to 95% for visible light in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm, more specifically, 400 nm wavelength or 550 nm wavelength. The transmittance can be measured using a known haze meter (HM).

The electrochromic device according to the embodiment may further include a sealing portion (not shown). The sealing portion may be disposed on one side of at least one of the first electrochromic portion 11 and the second electrochromic portion 12.

The sealing portion includes a curable resin. The sealing part may include a thermosetting resin and/or a photo-curing resin.

Examples of the thermosetting resin include epoxy resin, melamine resin, urea resin, or unsaturated polyester resin. In addition, examples of the epoxy resin include phenol novolak-type epoxy resin, cresol novolak-type epoxy resin, biphenyl novolak-type epoxy resin, trisphenol novolak-type epoxy resin, dicyclopentadiene novolak-type epoxy resin, and bisphenol A type. Epoxy resin, bisphenol F type epoxy resin, 2, 2'-diaryrbisphenol A type epoxy resin, bisphenol S type epoxy resin, hydrogenated bisphenol A type epoxy resin, propylene oxide added bisphenol A type epoxy resin, biphenyl form Examples include epoxy resins, naphthalene type epoxy resins, resorcinol type epoxy resins, and glycidyl amines.

Additionally, the sealing part may further include a heat curing agent. Hydrazide compounds such as 1, 3-bis [hydrazinocarbonoethyl 5-isopropyl hydantoin] and adipic acid dihydrazide; dicyandiamide, guanidine derivatives, 1-cyanide Noethyl-2-phenylimidazole, N-[2-(2-methyl-1-imidazolyl) ethyl]urea, 2, 4-diamino-6-[2'-methylimidazolyl (1') ]-ethyl-s-thoriazine, N, N'-bis(2-methyl-1-imidazolyl ethyl) urea, N, N'-(2-methyl-1-imidazolyl ethyl)-aziformami , 2-phenyl-4-methyl-5-hydroxymethyl imidazole, 2-imidazoline-2-thiol, 2, 2'-thiogethanethiol, addition products of various amines with epoxy resins, etc. You can.

The first sealing part may include a photo-curable resin. Examples of the photo-curable resin include acrylate-based resins such as urethane acrylate. Additionally, the sealing part may further include a photo curing initiator. The photo curing initiator may be at least one selected from the group consisting of an acetophenone-based compound, a benzophenone-based compound, a thioxanthone-based compound, a benzoin-based compound, a triazine-based compound, or an oxime-based compound.

Additionally, the sealing portion may further include a moisture absorbent such as zeolite and/or silica. Additionally, the sealing portion may further include an inorganic filler. The inorganic filler may be a material with high insulating properties, transparency, and durability. Examples of the inorganic filler include silicon, aluminum, zirconia, or mixtures thereof.

In addition, the electrochromic device according to the embodiment may further include a first bus bar (not shown), a second bus bar (not shown), a third bus bar (not shown), and a fourth bus bar (not shown). there is.

The first bus bar may be disposed on the first transparent electrode 210. The first bus bar may be connected to the first transparent electrode 210.

The first bus bar may be electrically connected to the first transparent electrode 210. The first bus bar may be in direct contact with the upper surface of the first transparent electrode 210. The first bus bar may be connected to the first transparent electrode 210 through solder.

The second bus bar is disposed below the second transparent electrode 220. The second bus bar is connected to the second transparent electrode 220.

The second bus bar may be electrically connected to the second transparent electrode 220. The second bus bar may be in direct contact with the lower surface of the second transparent electrode 220. The second bus bar may be connected to the second transparent electrode 220 through solder.

The third bus bar may be disposed below the third transparent electrode 230. The third bus bar may be connected to the third transparent electrode 230.

The third bus bar may be electrically connected to the third transparent electrode 230. The third bus bar may be in direct contact with the lower surface of the third transparent electrode 230. The third bus bar may be connected to the third transparent electrode 230 through solder.

The fourth bus bar is disposed on the fourth transparent electrode 240. The fourth bus bar is connected to the fourth transparent electrode 240.

The fourth bus bar may be electrically connected to the fourth transparent electrode 240. The fourth bus bar may be in direct contact with the upper surface of the fourth transparent electrode 240. The fourth bus bar may be connected to the fourth transparent electrode 240 through solder.

The first bus bar, the second bus bar, the third bus bar, and/or the fourth bus bar may include metal. The first bus bar, the second bus bar, the third bus bar, and/or the fourth bus bar may include a metal ribbon. The first bus bar, the second bus bar, the third bus bar, and/or the fourth bus bar may include conductive paste. The first bus bar, the second bus bar, the third bus bar, and/or the fourth bus bar may include a binder and a conductive filler.

The electrochromic device according to the embodiment can be manufactured by the following method. Figures 2 to 5 are cross-sectional views showing the process of manufacturing an electrochromic device according to an embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 2, a first transparent electrode 210 is formed on the first substrate 110. The first transparent electrode 210 may be formed through a vacuum deposition process. A metal oxide such as indium tin oxide may be deposited on the first substrate 110 through a sputtering process or the like to form the first transparent electrode 210.

The first transparent electrode 210 may be formed through a coating process. A nano metal wire may be coated with a binder on the first substrate 110 to form the first transparent electrode 210. A conductive polymer may be coated on the first substrate 110 to form the first transparent electrode 210.

Additionally, the first transparent electrode 210 may be formed through a patterning process. A metal layer may be formed on the first substrate 110 by a sputtering process, etc., and the metal layer may be patterned to form a first transparent electrode 210 including a metal mesh on the first substrate 110. .

Additionally, a third transparent electrode 230 is formed under the first substrate 110. The third transparent electrode 230 may be formed through a vacuum deposition process. A metal oxide such as indium tin oxide may be deposited on the lower surface of the first substrate 110 through a sputtering process or the like, thereby forming the third transparent electrode 230.

The third transparent electrode 230 may be formed through a coating process. A nano metal wire may be coated with a binder on the lower surface of the first substrate 110 to form the third transparent electrode 230. A conductive polymer may be coated on the lower surface of the first substrate 110 to form the third transparent electrode 230.

Additionally, the third transparent electrode 230 may be formed through a patterning process. A metal layer may be formed on the bottom of the first substrate 110 through a sputtering process, etc., and the metal layer may be patterned to form a third transparent electrode 230 including a metal mesh on the bottom of the first substrate 110. .

A first discoloration layer 310 is formed on the first transparent electrode 210. The first discoloration layer 310 may be formed through a sol-gel coating process. A first sol solution containing a first electrochromic material, a binder, and a solvent may be coated on the first transparent electrode 210. A sol-gel reaction may occur in the coated first sol solution, and the first discoloration layer 310 may be formed.

The first sol solution may include the first discoloring material in particle form in an amount of about 5 wt% to about 30 wt%. The first sol solution may include the binder in an amount of about 5 wt% to about 30 wt%. The first sol solution may include the solvent in an amount of about 60 wt% to about 90 wt%.

The first sol solution may further include a dispersant.

The solvent may be at least one selected from the group consisting of alcohols, ethers, ketones, esters, or aromatic hydrocarbons. The solvent is ethanol, propanol, butanol, hexanol, cyclohexanol, diacetone alcohol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, glycerin, diethyl ether, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol modobutyl ether. , Diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, acetylacetone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, acetoacetate ester, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, At least one or more may be selected from the group consisting of n-propyl acetate and i-butyl acetate.

As described above, the binder may be an inorganic binder.

Afterwards, a third discoloration layer 330 is formed under the third transparent electrode 230. After the laminate including the first substrate 110, the first transparent electrode 210, the third transparent electrode 230, and the first color change layer 310 is turned over, the third color change layer 330 ) can be formed by a sol-gel coating process.

A third sol solution containing a third electrochromic material, a binder, and a solvent may be coated on the bottom of the third transparent electrode 230. A sol-gel reaction may occur in the coated third sol solution, and the third discoloration layer 330 may be formed.

The third sol solution may include the third electrochromic material in particle form in an amount of about 5 wt% to about 30 wt%. The third sol solution may include the binder in an amount of about 5 wt% to about 30 wt%. The third sol solution may include the solvent in an amount of about 60 wt% to about 90 wt%.

The third sol solution may further include a dispersant.

The solvent may be at least one selected from the group consisting of alcohols, ethers, ketones, esters, or aromatic hydrocarbons. The solvent is ethanol, propanol, butanol, hexanol, cyclohexanol, diacetone alcohol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, glycerin, diethyl ether, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol modobutyl ether. , Diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, acetylacetone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, acetoacetate ester, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, At least one or more may be selected from the group consisting of n-propyl acetate and i-butyl acetate.

As described above, the binder may be an inorganic binder.

Accordingly, the first substrate 110, the first transparent electrode 210, the third transparent electrode 230, the first color change layer 310, and the third color change layer 330. 1 A laminate is formed.

Referring to FIG. 3, a second transparent electrode 220 is formed on the second substrate 120.

The second transparent electrode 220 may be formed through a vacuum deposition process. A metal oxide such as indium tin oxide may be deposited on the second substrate 120 through a sputtering process or the like to form the second transparent electrode 220.

The second transparent electrode 220 may be formed through a coating process. A nano metal wire may be coated with a binder on the second substrate 120 to form the second transparent electrode 220. A conductive polymer may be coated on the second substrate 120 to form the second transparent electrode 220.

Additionally, the second transparent electrode 220 may be formed through a patterning process. A metal layer may be formed on the second substrate 120 by a sputtering process, etc., and the metal layer may be patterned to form a second transparent electrode 220 including a metal mesh on the second substrate 120. .

Afterwards, a second discoloration layer 320 is formed on the second transparent electrode 220. The second discoloration layer 320 may be formed through a sol-gel coating process. A second sol solution containing a second electrochromic material, a binder, and a solvent may be coated on the second transparent electrode 220. A sol-gel reaction may occur in the coated second sol solution, and the second discoloration layer 320 may be formed.

The second sol solution may include the second discoloring material in particle form in an amount of about 5 wt% to about 30 wt%. The second sol solution may include the binder in an amount of about 5 wt% to about 30 wt%. The second sol solution may include the solvent in an amount of about 60 wt% to about 90 wt%.

The second sol solution may further include a dispersant.

Afterwards, an electrolyte composition for forming the first electrolyte layer 410 is formed on the second discoloration layer 320.

The electrolyte composition may include a metal salt, an electrolyte, a photo-curing resin, and a photo-curing initiator. The photo-curable resin includes hexandiol diacrylate (HDDA), tripropylene glycol diacrylate (TPGDA), ethylene glycol diacrylate (EGDA), and trimethylolpropane triacrylate. TMPTA), trimethylolpropane ethoxylated triacrylate (TMPEOTA), glycerol propoxylated triacrylate (GPTA), pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (PETA), or Dipenta At least one may be selected from the group consisting of dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate (DPHA).

The metal salt, the electrolyte, and the photo curing initiator may be as described above.

Thereafter, the electrolyte composition is coated on the second discoloration layer 320. The electrolyte composition may be coated on the second discoloration layer 320 through a process such as bar coating, slit coating, knife coating, or roll coating.

Accordingly, a second laminate including the second substrate 120, the second transparent electrode 220, the second discoloration layer 320, and the first electrolyte composition coating layer 411 is formed.

Referring to FIG. 4, a fourth transparent electrode 240 is formed on the third substrate 130.

The fourth transparent electrode 240 may be formed through a vacuum deposition process. A metal oxide such as indium tin oxide may be deposited on the third substrate 130 through a sputtering process or the like to form the fourth transparent electrode 240.

The fourth transparent electrode 240 may be formed through a coating process. A nano metal wire may be coated with a binder on the third substrate 130 to form the fourth transparent electrode 240. A conductive polymer may be coated on the third substrate 130 to form the fourth transparent electrode 240.

Additionally, the fourth transparent electrode 240 may be formed through a patterning process. A metal layer may be formed on the third substrate 130 through a sputtering process, etc., and the metal layer may be patterned to form a fourth transparent electrode 240 including a metal mesh on the third substrate 130. .

Afterwards, a fourth discoloration layer 340 is formed on the fourth transparent electrode 240. The fourth discoloration layer 340 may be formed through a sol-gel coating process. A fourth sol solution containing a fourth electrochromic material, a binder, and a solvent may be coated on the fourth transparent electrode 240. A sol-gel reaction may occur in the coated fourth sol solution, and the fourth discoloration layer 340 may be formed.

The fourth sol solution may include the fourth discoloring material in particle form in an amount of about 5 wt% to about 30 wt%. The fourth sol solution may include the binder in an amount of about 5 wt% to about 30 wt%. The fourth sol solution may include the solvent in an amount of about 60 wt% to about 90 wt%.

The fourth sol solution may further include a dispersant.

Afterwards, an electrolyte composition for forming the second electrolyte layer 420 is formed on the fourth discoloration layer 340.

The electrolyte composition may include a metal salt, an electrolyte, a photo-curing resin, and a photo-curing initiator. The photo-curable resin includes hexandiol diacrylate (HDDA), tripropylene glycol diacrylate (TPGDA), ethylene glycol diacrylate (EGDA), and trimethylolpropane triacrylate. TMPTA), trimethylolpropane ethoxylated triacrylate (TMPEOTA), glycerol propoxylated triacrylate (GPTA), pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (PETA), or Dipenta At least one may be selected from the group consisting of dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate (DPHA).

The metal salt, the electrolyte, and the photo curing initiator may be as described above.

Thereafter, the electrolyte composition is coated on the fourth discoloration layer 340. The electrolyte composition may be coated on the fourth discoloration layer 340 through a process such as bar coating, slit coating, knife coating, or roll coating.

Accordingly, a third laminate including the fourth substrate, the fourth transparent electrode 240, the fourth discoloration layer 340, and the second electrolyte composition coating layer 421 is formed.

Referring to FIG. 5, the first laminate, the second laminate, and the third laminate are laminated.

At this time, the first electrolyte composition coating layer may be in direct contact with the upper surface of the first discoloring layer 310, and the second electrolyte composition coating layer may be in direct contact with the lower surface of the third discoloring layer 330.

Thereafter, the first electrolyte composition coating layer and the second electrolyte composition coating layer are cured by light, and the first laminate, the second laminate, and the third laminate can be bonded to each other. Additionally, the first electrolyte layer 410 and the second electrolyte layer 420 are formed.

The first electrochromic portion 11 has a first dark state and a first transparent state.

The first dark state is when a first electrical driving signal is applied to the first transparent electrode 210 and the second transparent electrode 220, and the first color change layer 310 and the second color change layer ( 320) is in a colored state. By the first driving signal, the first color changing layer 310 may be reduced, the second color changing layer 320 may be oxidized, and the first electrochromic portion 11 may be colored.

Accordingly, the first electrochromic portion 11 may have low light transmittance in the first dark state. The first electrochromic portion 11 may have a light transmittance of about 10% to about 30% in the first dark state.

The first transmission state is when a second electrical driving signal is applied to the first transparent electrode 210 and the second transparent electrode 220, and the first color change layer 310 and the second color change layer ( 320) is in a discolored state. By the second driving signal, the first color changing layer 310 may be oxidized, the second color changing layer 320 may be reduced, and the first electrochromic portion 11 may be decolorized.

Accordingly, the first electrochromic portion 11 may have high light transmittance in the first transmittance state. The first electrochromic portion 11 may have a light transmittance of about 50% to about 80% in the first transmittance state.

The second electrochromic portion 12 has a second dark state and a second transparent state.

The second dark state is when a third electrical driving signal is applied to the third transparent electrode 230 and the fourth transparent electrode 240, and the third color change layer 330 and the fourth color change layer ( 340) is in a colored state. By the third driving signal, the third color change layer 330 may be reduced, the fourth color change layer 340 may be oxidized, and the second electrochromic portion 12 may be colored.

Accordingly, the second electrochromic portion 12 may have low light transmittance in the second dark state. The second electrochromic portion 12 may have a light transmittance of about 10% to about 30% in the second dark state.

The second transmission state is when a fourth electrical driving signal is applied to the third transparent electrode 230 and the fourth transparent electrode 240, and the third color change layer 330 and the fourth color change layer ( 340) is in a discolored state. By the fourth driving signal, the third color change layer 330 may be oxidized, the fourth color change layer 340 may be reduced, and the second electrochromic portion 12 may be discolored.

Accordingly, the second electrochromic portion 12 may have high light transmittance in the second transmittance state. The second electrochromic portion 12 may have a light transmittance of about 50% to about 80% in the second transmittance state.

The electrochromic device according to the embodiment may have a first color in the first dark state and the second transparent state. That is, when the first electrochromic portion 11 is in the first dark state and the second electrochromic portion 12 is in the second transparent state, the electrochromic device according to the embodiment displays the first color. You can have it.

The electrochromic device according to the embodiment may have a second color in the first transparent state and the second dark state. That is, when the first electrochromic portion 11 is in the first transparent state and the second electrochromic portion 12 is in the second dark state, the electrochromic device according to the embodiment displays the second color. You can have it.

The first color and the second color are different from each other.

The difference between a* of the first color and a* of the second color may be greater than about 2. The difference between a* of the first color and a* of the second color may be about 2 to about 10. The difference between a* of the first color and a* of the second color may be about 5 to about 10. The difference between a* of the first color and a* of the second color may be greater than about 7.

a* of the first color may be about -10 to about 10. a* of the first color may be about -8 to about 8. a* of the first color may be about -7 to about 7. a* of the first color may be about -5 to about 5.

a* of the second color may be about -10 to about 10. a* of the second color may be about -8 to about 8. a* of the second color may be about -7 to about 7. a* of the second color may be about -5 to about 5.

b* of the first color may be greater than b* of the second color.

The difference between b* of the first color and b* of the second color may be greater than about 2. The difference between b* of the first color and b* of the second color may be about 2 to about 10. The difference between b* of the first color and b* of the second color may be about 5 to about 10. The difference between b* of the first color and b* of the second color may be greater than about 7.

b* of the first color may be about -10 to about 10. b* of the first color may be about -8 to about 8. b* of the first color may be about -7 to about 7. b* of the first color may be about -5 to about 5.

b* of the second color may be about -10 to about 10. b* of the second color may be about -8 to about 8. b* of the second color may be about -7 to about 7. b* of the second color may be about -5 to about 5.

The electrochromic device according to the embodiment may have a third color in the first dark state and the second dark state. That is, when the first electrochromic unit 11 is in the first dark state and the second electrochromic unit 12 is in the second dark state, the electrochromic device according to the embodiment displays the third color. You can have it.

a* of the third color may be between a* of the first color and a* of the second color. Additionally, b* of the third color may be between b* of the first color and b* of the second color.

The first color may include blue. The second color may include brown. The third color may include black.

L* of the third color may be about 0 to about 30. L* of the third color may be less than about 20.

The L*, the a*, and the b* can be measured by a colorimeter. The L*, the a*, and the b* can be measured by a spectrophotometer (Konica-Minolta, CM-5).

The electrochromic device according to the embodiment may have a first light transmittance in the first transmission state and the second transmission state.

The first light transmittance may be about 30% to about 80%. The first light transmittance may be about 30% to about 50%. The first light transmittance may be about 50% to about 80%. The first light transmittance may be about 40% to about 70%. The first light transmittance may be about 40% to about 60%.

The electrochromic device according to the embodiment may have a second light transmittance in the first dark state and the second transmittance state.

The second light transmittance may be about 10% to about 20%. The second light transmittance may be about 20% to about 40%. The second light transmittance may be about 10% to about 30%. The second light transmittance may be about 20% to about 40%. The second light transmittance may be about 10% to about 15%.

The electrochromic device according to the embodiment may have a third light transmittance in the first transparent state and the second dark state.

The third light transmittance may be about 10% to about 20%. The third light transmittance may be about 20% to about 40%. The third light transmittance may be about 10% to about 30%. The third light transmittance may be about 20% to about 40%. The third light transmittance may be about 10% to about 15%.

The electrochromic device according to the embodiment may have a fourth light transmittance in the first dark state and the second dark state.

The fourth light transmittance may be about 3% to about 8%. The fourth light transmittance may be about 5% to about 10%. The fourth light transmittance may be about 3% to about 10%. The fourth light transmittance may be about 3% to about 15%. The fourth light transmittance may be about 5% to about 15%.

Since the electrochromic device according to the embodiment has the first color, the second color, and the third color in the ranges described above, it can have a color range of various levels.

In addition, since the electrochromic device according to the embodiment has the first light transmittance, the second light transmittance, the third light transmittance, and the fourth light transmittance in the ranges described above, the total light transmittance in various levels is possible. Transmittance can be adjusted.

The light transmittance may be total light transmittance. In the electrochromic device according to the embodiment, the total light transmittance can be measured by a transmittance meter (EDTM, SS2450).

The first discoloring layer 310 may include nickel oxide, and the third discoloring layer 330 may include Prussian blue.

Additionally, the second discoloration layer 320 and the third discoloration layer 330 may include tungsten oxide or titanium oxide.

The first electrochromic portion 11 and the second electrochromic portion 12 may have different colors in the first dark state and the second dark state, respectively. In particular, the first electrochromic portion 11 and the second electrochromic portion 12 may be stacked on each other.

The electrochromic device according to the embodiment may drive the first electrochromic unit 11 and the second electrochromic unit 11 separately.

Accordingly, the electrochromic device according to the embodiment can implement various colors and various light transmittances by combining the first dark state, the second dark state, the first transmission state, and the second transmission state. That is, the electrochromic device according to the embodiment may have a combination of the first dark state and the second dark state. An electrochromic device according to an embodiment may have a combination of the first dark state and the second transparent state. The electrochromic device according to the embodiment may have a combination of the first transparent state and the second dark state. An electrochromic device according to an embodiment may have a combination of the first transmission state and the second transmission state.

In particular, the electrochromic device according to the embodiment may drive the first electrochromic unit 11 and the second electrochromic unit 11 separately. Accordingly, the electrochromic device according to the embodiment can implement multiple levels of color and multiple levels of light transmittance without using a complicated driving method.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a window device 1 according to an embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 6, the window device 1 according to the embodiment includes the electrochromic element 10, a frame 20, windows 31, 32, and 33, a plug-in component 40, and a power source 50. Includes.

The frame 20 may be composed of one or more pieces. For example, the frame 20 may be composed of one or more materials such as vinyl, PVC, aluminum (Al), steel, or fiberglass. The frame 20 fixes the windows 31, 32, and 33 and seals the space between the windows 31, 32, and 33. also,

The frame 20 may hold or include pieces of foam or other material. The frame 20 includes a spacer, and the spacer can be placed between adjacent windows 31, 32, and 33. Additionally, the spacer, together with the adhesive sealant, can airtightly seal the space between the windows 31, 32, and 33.

The windows 31, 32, 33 are fixed to the frame 20. The windows 31, 32, and 33 may be glass panes. The windows 31, 32, 33 are made of conventional silicon oxide (SOx) glass, such as soda lime glass or float glass, consisting of approximately 75% silica (SiO2) plus Na2O, CaO, and some minor additives. It may be a glass substrate of the system. However, any material with suitable optical, electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties may be used. The windows 31, 32, 33 can also be made of, for example, other glass materials, plastics and thermoplastics (e.g. poly(methyl methacrylate), polystyrene, polycarbonate, allyl diglycol carbonate, SAN (styrene acrylonitrile copolymer), poly(4-methyl-1-pentene), polyester, polyamide), or mirror materials. The windows 31, 32, and 33 may include tempered glass.

The windows 31, 32, and 33 may include a first window 31, a second window 32, and a third window 33. The first window 31 and the third window 33 may be disposed on the outermost side, and the second window 32 may be disposed between the first window 31 and the third window 33. there is.

The electrochromic element 10 is disposed between the first window 31 and the second window 32. The electrochromic element 10 may be laminated to the first window 31 and the second window 32.

The electrochromic element 10 may be laminated to the first window 31 using a first polyvinyl butyral sheet. That is, the first polyvinyl butyral sheet may be disposed on the first window 31 and the electrochromic element 10 and laminated on the first window 31 and the electrochromic element 10. .

The electrochromic element 10 may be laminated to the second window 32 by a second polyvinyl butyral sheet. That is, the second polyvinyl butyral sheet may be disposed on the second window 32 and the electrochromic element 10 and laminated on the second window 32 and the electrochromic element 10. .

A space 60 may be formed between the second window 32 and the third window 33. The space may be filled with one or more gases such as argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), or xenon (Xn).

The windows 31, 32, 33 may be any glass pane size for residential or commercial window applications. The size of glass panes can vary widely depending on the specific needs of a home or commercial business. In some embodiments, the windows 31, 32, and 33 may be formed of architectural glass. Architectural glass is commonly used in commercial buildings, but may also be used in residential buildings and typically, although not necessarily, separates the indoor environment from the outdoor environment. In some embodiments, a suitable architectural glass substrate may be at least approximately 20 inches by approximately 20 inches, and may be much larger, for example, approximately 80 inches by approximately 120 inches, or larger. Architectural glass is typically at least about 2 millimeters (mm) thick and can be as thick as 6 mm or more.

In one embodiment, the windows 31, 32, and 33 may have a thickness ranging from approximately 1 mm to approximately 10 mm.

In one embodiment, the windows 31, 32, 33 may be very thin and flexible, such as Gorilla Glass® or WillowTM Glass, each of which is commercially available from Corning, Inc. of Corning, New York. These glasses may be less than 0.3 mm thick or less than about 1 mm thick.

The plug-in component (40) may include a first electrical input (41), a second electrical input (42), a third electrical input (43), a fourth electrical input (44) and a fifth electrical input (45). You can.

Additionally, the power supply unit 50 includes a first power terminal 51 and a second power terminal 52.

The first electrical input 41 is electrically coupled to the first power terminal 51 through one or more wires or other electrical connections, components, or devices.

The first electrical input 41 may include a pin, socket, or other electrical connector or conductor. Additionally, the first electrical input 41 may be electrically connected to the electrochromic element 10 through a first bus bar (not shown). The first bus bar may be electrically connected to the second transparent electrode 400.

The second electrical input 42 is electrically coupled to the second power terminal 52 through one or more wires or other electrical connections, components, or devices.

The second electrical input 42 may include a pin, socket, or other electrical connector or conductor. Additionally, the second electrical input 42 may be electrically connected to the electrochromic element 10 through a second bus bar (not shown). The second bus bar may be electrically connected to the first transparent electrode 300.

The third electrical input 43 may be coupled to device, system, or building ground.

The fourth electrical input 44 and the fifth electrical input 45 can be used individually, for example, for communication between a controller or microcontroller controlling the window device 1 and a network controller.

The power supply unit 50 supplies power to the electrochromic element 10 through the plug-in component 40. In addition, the power supply unit 50 can be controlled by the external controller to supply power of a certain waveform to the electrochromic element 10.

Additionally, the features, structures, effects, etc. described in the embodiments above are included in at least one embodiment of the present invention and are not necessarily limited to only one embodiment. Furthermore, the features, structures, effects, etc. illustrated in each embodiment can be combined or modified and implemented in other embodiments by a person with ordinary knowledge in the field to which the embodiments belong. Therefore, contents related to such combinations and modifications should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention.

Although the above description focuses on the examples, this is only an example and does not limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art will be able to You will see that various variations and applications are possible. For example, each component specifically shown in the examples can be modified and implemented. And these variations and differences in application should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

Electrochromic element (10)
First substrate (100)
Second substrate (200)
First transparent electrode (300)
Second transparent electrode (400)
Electrochromic part (20)
Light transmission control unit (800)
First discoloration layer (500)
Second color change layer (600)
Electrolyte layer (700)

Claims (12)

first substrate;
a first electrochromic portion disposed on the first substrate; and
A second electrochromic portion disposed below the first substrate,
The first electrochromic portion has a first dark state and a first transparent state,
The second electrochromic portion has a second dark state and a second transparent state,
having a first color in the first dark state and the second transparent state,
having a second color in the first transparent state and the second dark state,
The first color and the second color are different electrochromic devices. The method of claim 1, wherein the first electrochromic unit
a first transparent electrode disposed on the first substrate;
a first discoloring layer disposed on the first transparent electrode;
A first electrolyte layer disposed on the first discoloration layer;
a second discoloration layer disposed on the first electrolyte layer; and
It includes a second transparent electrode disposed on the second color change layer,
The second electrochromic unit is
a third transparent electrode disposed below the first substrate;
a third discoloration layer disposed below the third transparent electrode;
a second electrolyte layer disposed below the third discoloration layer;
a fourth discoloration layer disposed below the second electrolyte layer; and
An electrochromic device comprising a fourth transparent electrode disposed below the fourth color change layer. The electrochromic device of claim 1, wherein b* of the first color is greater than b* of the second color. The electrochromic device of claim 3, wherein the difference between b* of the first color and b* of the second color is 2 to 10. The electrochromic device of claim 1, wherein transmittance in the first dark state and the second dark state is 3% to 8%. The electrochromic device according to claim 1, wherein the transmittance in the first and second transmittance states is 30% to 50%. The method of claim 6, wherein the transmittance in the first dark state and the second transparent state is 10% to 20%,
An electrochromic device having a transmittance of 10% to 20% in the first transparent state and the second dark state. The method of claim 2, wherein the first discoloration layer includes nickel oxide,
The third color-changing layer is an electrochromic device containing Prussian blue. The electrochromic device of claim 8, wherein the second color-changing layer and the third color-changing layer include tungsten oxide or titanium oxide. The method of claim 1, further comprising: a second substrate disposed on the first electrochromic unit; and
An electrochromic device further comprising a third substrate disposed below the second electrochromic portion. The electrochromic device of claim 10, wherein the first substrate, the second substrate, and the third substrate are flexible. frame;
a window mounted on the frame; and
Comprising an electrochromic element disposed in the window,
The electrochromic element is
first substrate;
a first electrochromic portion disposed on the first substrate; and
A second electrochromic portion disposed below the first substrate,
The first electrochromic portion has a first dark state and a first transparent state,
The second electrochromic portion has a second dark state and a second transparent state,
having a first color in the first dark state and the second transparent state,
having a second color in the first transparent state and the second dark state,
The first color and the second color are different Windows devices.