KR20230162150A - Tandem vision window and media display - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed herein are systems, devices, methods, and non-transitory computer-readable media related to display elements 1 , 2 , and 3 coupled to structures (e.g., viewable windows 123 ). The structure may be a support structure such as a fixture. The display elements 1, 2, 3 are configured to facilitate media display and are at least partially transparent. The visible window 123 may be a color-variable window, for example, a window whose color tone is electrically controllable (for example, an electrochromic window). Various interactive capabilities with display elements 1, 2, 3 are disclosed (eg, via a touch screen).

Description

TANDEM VISION WINDOW AND MEDIA DISPLAY}

Related applications

This application is based on U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/911,271, filed on October 5, 2019, titled “Tandem Vision Window and Transparent Display,” and filed on December 20, 2019, titled “Tandem Vision Window and Transparent Display.” U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/952,207, titled “Tandem Vision Window and Transparent Display,” and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/975,706, titled “Tandem Vision Window and Media Display,” filed on February 12, 2020. , claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/085,254, titled “Tandem Vision Window and Media Display,” filed on September 30, 2020, and filed on April 25, 2018 U.S. Patent Application No. 16/, entitled “Displays For Tintable Windows,” filed October 24, 2019, a national phase applicant for International Patent Application No. PCT/US18/29476, entitled “Displays For Tintable Windows.” 608,157, and the international patent application is (i) U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/607,618, entitled "Electrochromic Windows With Transparent Display Technology Field," filed on December 19, 2017 ( ii) U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/523,606, titled “Electrochromic Windows With Transparent Display Technology,” filed on June 22, 2017; (iii) filed on May 17, 2017; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/507,704, entitled “Electrochromic Windows With Transparent Display Technology,” (iv) U.S. Provisional Patent Application entitled “Electrochromic Windows With Transparent Display Technology,” filed on May 15, 2017; No. 62/506,514, and (v) U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/490,457, entitled “Electrochromic Windows With Transparent Display Technology,” filed April 26, 2017; Each of the above applications is fully incorporated into this application by reference.

Various facilities (e.g., buildings) have windows installed on their surfaces, for example. Windows provide a way to view the environment outside the facility. In some facilities, windows can take up a significant portion of the exterior of the facility. Users may request to use the window surface area to view various media (e.g., for entertainment purposes, data processing, and/or conducting video conferencing). Sometimes, a user may wish to optimize the use of internal space (e.g., using a window surface) to visualize media. The media may be electronic media and/or optical media. Users can request to watch media with minimal impact on visibility through the window. Media may be displayed through an at least partially transparent display. Sometimes, media viewing may require a tinted (e.g., darker) background. Sometimes, the user may want to shade the interior perimeter. Sometimes, the lifespan of a media display (e.g., an OLED display) can be damaged over time by, for example, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, heat, and atmospheric components. This damage can reduce the long-term use of the media display. Sometimes, a user may wish to augment the external view with overlays, augmented reality, and/or lighting. The present invention provides solutions to these and other problems.

In one aspect, disclosed herein is a display construct coupled in an aspect to a window (e.g., a viewing window, such as a tintable window). The viewing window may include an integrated glass unit. The display member may include one or more glass panes. The display may include a display matrix. The display matrix may include, for example, light emitting diodes (LEDs) that are at least partially transparent. The display may include a liquid crystal display (LCD).

In another aspect, at least a portion of the facility's window surfaces are utilized to display various media using glass display members. The display may be used to view (e.g., at least partially) an environment outside the window (e.g., an outdoor environment), for example when the display is not in operation. The display may be used to augment the exterior using (e.g., optical) overlays, augmented reality, and/or lighting (e.g., the display may act as a light source). This use of the window surface portion may optimize efficient use of space within the facility (e.g., a room within), for example because the media screen will occupy at least a portion of the space in which the window(s) are installed.

In another aspect, a viewing (e.g., tinted) window is used (e.g., as a background) to aid in shading and/or contrast of the display element. Shading may be external to the display configuration (eg, in a direction away from the viewer). A portion of the support structure behind the display element may be shaded or capable of being shaded (eg, using tinted or tinted windows). The viewing window may be active (eg, tint-changing) or passive. For example, a viewing window may include a tint that cannot be changed (eg, controllably and/or electronically). The viewing window (i) cannot be changed electronically and/or (ii) can be optically changed (e.g. due to illumination of the viewing window by external lighting such as sunlight and/or street lights) (e.g. For example, shading) may be included. Shading may include phosphor coating, application of black pigments and/or glass tinting. Tinting (e.g., shading) can be static or dynamic (e.g., using tinted glass). Shading may or may not be electronically controlled. Shading can be passive. Colors (e.g., shading) may be transparent or opaque. Hues can include visible colors (e.g., any color of the rainbow, such as blue or yellow. For example, a color may be brown, gray, or black). The tint may be at least partially transparent. Transparent hues have a transition of a significant portion (e.g., greater than about 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 80%, 90%, or 95%) of the intensity and/or wavelength that the average human eye perceives. It may be easy or the color may be completely transparent (e.g., relative to what the average human eye perceives). Shading may be disposed on the backside of the display configuration (eg, as an additional and/or stacked layer). The rear side of the display element is the side that faces the viewer (e.g., the surface of the display element 101 facing window 102 (shown in partial view)). The shading is disposed on a structure coupled to the display member and disposed behind the display member (e.g., on a wall, board, or window coupled to the display member and disposed behind the display member, such as 102 of Figure 1). It can be.

In another aspect, a display member may include material to assist in shading and/or contrast of media displayed as part of the display member (e.g., as a background). Shading can be external to the transparent display. Materials may be incorporated into polymers, resins, and/or glass as part of the display construction.

In another aspect, the material (eg, within the viewing window and/or media composition) extends the life of the transparent display.

In other aspects, the display may be controlled separately or in conjunction with control of the tint-tunable window (e.g., by a separate controller or by the same controller).

In another aspect, a system for viewing includes a viewing (e.g., tinted) window having at least a decolorized state and a tinted state; and a display member configured to display and/or manipulate electronic media, wherein the display member includes (i) a display member (e.g., at least when the tint-tunable window is in a de-tinted state) and (ii) a view (e.g., tint-tuned window). disposed adjacent to and in register with a viewing (e.g., color-variable) window so that a user can view through the variable (variable) window, and the display member is at least partially transparent.

In some embodiments, the view is to the external environment outside the view (e.g., tint-changing) window. In some embodiments, the viewing is of media projected by a display configuration. In some embodiments, the display component is communicatively coupled to a network transmitting electronic media. In some embodiments, the network is communicatively coupled to a building management system. In some embodiments, the display member is communicatively coupled to one or more controllers that control the display of electronic media by the display member. In some embodiments, a display member is communicatively coupled to a first controller and a viewing (e.g., tint variable) window is communicatively coupled to a second controller. In some embodiments, the first controller and the second controller are the same controller. In some embodiments, the first controller and the second controller are different controllers that are communicatively coupled. In some embodiments, the first controller and the second controller are communicatively coupled to the third controller. In some embodiments, the display member is communicatively coupled to a first controller (e.g., timing controller) disposed in a window frame housing a viewing (e.g., tint-tunable) window. In some embodiments, the display element is electrically coupled to a power source located in a building fixture adjacent to a viewing (e.g., variable tint) window. In some embodiments, the building fixture is a wall, ceiling, floor, or window frame that accommodates a view (e.g., variable tint) window. In some embodiments, the display member is electrically coupled to a power source located at the shortest distance from the display member, which is at least about fifteen (15) feet. In some embodiments, the display member is communicatively coupled to a controller (e.g., a timing controller) that controls the display member, the controller being positioned at the shortest distance from the display member, which is at least about five (5) feet. In some embodiments, the tint-tunable window includes an electrochromic glass construction. In some embodiments, the display configuration includes a first glass pane, a second glass pane, and a display matrix (e.g., a lighting array) disposed between the first glass pane and the second glass pane. In some embodiments, the display matrix includes an array of light emitting diodes (LEDs). In some embodiments, the display matrix includes an array of transparent organic light emitting diodes (TOLEDs). In some embodiments, the display matrix has at least about 2000 pixels in its fundamental length scale. In some embodiments, the primary length scale of the display matrix is the height or width of the display matrix. In some embodiments, the display matrix is a high-resolution or ultra-high-resolution display matrix. In some embodiments, the display member is coupled to the viewing (e.g., variable tint) window by a fastener. In some embodiments, the fastener includes a hinge, bracket, or cover. In some embodiments, a hinge is (i) connected to a bracket connected to the display member and (ii) connected to a cover connected to the fixture, the hinge facilitating rotation of the display member relative to the fixture about the hinge joint. In some embodiments, the hinge is (i) reversibly connected to a bracket irreversibly connected to the display member and (ii) reversibly connected to a cover reversibly connected to the fixture, the hinge being configured to adjust the display relative to the fixture about the hinge joint. Facilitates rotation of the component. In some embodiments, the cover includes a rotating portion that can be reversibly opened and closed. In some embodiments, the circuitry and/or wiring are hidden from the viewer by a cover, and the circuitry and/or wiring can be at least partially exposed by opening the rotating portion. In some embodiments, when the tinted window is in its darkest tinted state and the display member projects media, the user cannot see through (i) the display member and (ii) the tinted window. In some embodiments, the tint level of the tintable window takes into account the position of the sun, weather conditions, the transmission of light through the tintable window, and/or the readings of one or more sensors. In some embodiments, at least one of the one or more sensors is disposed on the exterior of the building where the tint variable window is disposed. In some embodiments, the weather conditions include any cloud cover. In some embodiments, the transmission of light through the tint-tunable window is for external light impinging on the viewing (e.g., tint-tunable) window. In some embodiments, the transmission of light through a viewing (e.g., tinting) window depends on the material properties of the viewing (e.g., tinting) window.

In another aspect, a system for viewing media includes a viewing (e.g., tint-changing) window; A display member disposed adjacent to and/or aligned with a viewing (e.g., color-changing) window so that the viewer can view the external environment through the display member and the viewing (e.g., color-changing) window - the display member is (i ) a pair of substrates, and (ii) a display matrix stacked between the pair of substrates, comprising a display matrix having at least about 2000 pixels in its fundamental length scale; and a fastener configured to support the display member - the fastener is attached to a frame element of a viewing (e.g., variable tint) window.

In some embodiments, the view is to the external environment outside the view (e.g., tint-changing) window. In some embodiments, the viewing is of media projected by a display configuration. In some embodiments, the display member is at least thirty percent (30%) transparent. In some embodiments, the viewing (eg, tint-tunable) window is an electrochromic window. In some embodiments, the fastener includes at least one hinge, and the display member is attached to the viewing (e.g., variable tint) window by the at least one hinge. In some embodiments, the hinge is configured to facilitate servicing of the display member. In some embodiments, a driver board communicatively coupled to the display member is hidden from the viewer by at least one hinge leaf. In some embodiments, the system includes a control board and a power source. In some embodiments, the shortest distance between the display member and the power source is at least 15 feet (15'). In some embodiments, the shortest distance between the control board and the power source is at least 5 feet (5'). In some embodiments, the display component is coupled to one or more controllers and/or networks by coaxial cables. In some embodiments, the coaxial cable includes micro coaxial cable. In some embodiments, the primary length scale of the display matrix is the height or width of the display matrix. In some embodiments, the display matrix is a high-resolution or ultra-high-resolution display matrix.

In another aspect, a system for media viewing includes a tint-tunable window having at least a tinted state and a tinted state; A display member configured to display and/or manipulate electronic media, wherein the display member is adjacent to the tinted window for viewing by a user through (i) the display member and (ii) the tinted window, at least when the tinted window is in a tinted state. arranged and aligned, the display element being at least partially transparent; and optionally display circuitry wired directly to the display component.

In some embodiments, the display component is communicatively coupled to a network transmitting electronic media. In some embodiments, the network is communicatively coupled to a building management system. In some embodiments, the display circuitry may be transferred during operation and/or after installation, such as (I) a fastener from its support structure, (II) a display component from its fastener, and/or (III) an E-box and/or or configured to be at least partially accessible without disassembling the power supply. An electrical box (eg, E-box) may contain the timing controller of the display component. In some embodiments, the system further includes a hinge configured to facilitate reversible access or retraction for operation of the display circuitry and/or after installation of the display component. In some embodiments, the display member is communicatively coupled to one or more controllers that control the display of electronic media by the display member. In some embodiments, the display member is communicatively coupled to a first controller and the tint variable window is communicatively coupled to a second controller. In some embodiments, the first controller and the second controller are the same controller. In some embodiments, the first controller and the second controller are different controllers that are communicatively coupled. In some embodiments, the first controller and the second controller are communicatively coupled to the third controller. In some embodiments, the display member is communicatively coupled to a first controller disposed on a window frame housing a tint-tunable window. In some embodiments, the display component is electrically coupled to a power source located in a building fixture adjacent to the tint-tunable window. In some embodiments, the building fixture is a wall, ceiling, floor, or window frame that houses tint-tunable windows. In some embodiments, the display member is electrically coupled to a power source located at the shortest distance from the display member, which is at least about fifteen (15) feet. In some embodiments, the display member is communicatively coupled to a controller that controls the display member, and the controller is positioned at the shortest distance from the display member, which is at least about five (5) feet. In some embodiments, the tint-tunable window includes an electrochromic glass construction. In some embodiments, the display configuration includes a first glass pane, a second glass pane, and a display matrix (e.g., a lighting array) disposed between the first glass pane and the second glass pane. In some embodiments, the display matrix includes an array of light emitting diodes (LEDs). In some embodiments, the display matrix includes an array of transparent organic light emitting diodes (TOLEDs). In some embodiments, the display matrix has at least about 2000 pixels in its basic length scale. In some embodiments, the primary length scale of the display matrix is the height or width of the display matrix. In some embodiments, the display matrix is a high-resolution or ultra-high-resolution display matrix. In some embodiments, the display member is coupled to the tint-tunable window by a fastener (e.g., at most one). In some embodiments, the fastener includes a hinge, bracket, or plank. In some embodiments, a hinge is (i) connected to a bracket connected to the display member and (ii) connected to a flank connected to the fixture, the hinge facilitating rotation of the display member about the fixture about the hinge joint. In some embodiments, the hinge is (i) reversibly connected to a bracket irreversibly connected to the display member and (ii) reversibly connected to a flank reversibly connected to the fixture, the hinge being configured to adjust the display relative to the fixture about the hinge joint. Facilitates rotation of the component. In some embodiments, the flank includes a rotating portion that can be reversibly opened and closed. In some embodiments, the circuitry (e.g., display circuitry and/or touchscreen circuitry) and/or wiring is obscured from the viewer by the flank, and the circuitry and/or wiring can be at least partially exposed by opening the rotating portion. there is. In some embodiments, when the tinted window is in its darkest tinted state and the display member projects media, the user cannot see through (i) the display member and (ii) the tinted window. In some embodiments, the tint-tunable window is configured to adjust tint with media displayed by the display member. In some embodiments, the variable tint window is configured for manual and/or automatic tint adjustment. In some embodiments, the tint-tunable window is configured to adjust tint while the display member projects media. In some embodiments, the media has static, inactive content, at least during tonal adjustment. In some embodiments, the media has active content that changes during at least a tone adjustment. In some embodiments, the tint-tunable window is tinted taking into account the position of the sun, the time of day, the date, the geographic location of the enclosure in which the display member is placed, weather conditions, the transmittance of light through the tint-tunable window, and/or one or more sensor readings. It is configured to regulate. In some embodiments, at least one of the one or more sensors is disposed on the exterior of the building where the tint variable window is disposed. In some embodiments, the weather conditions include any cloud cover. In some embodiments, the transmission of light through the tint-tunable window is relative to external light impinging on the tint-tunable window. In some embodiments, the transmission of light through a tint-tunable window depends on the material properties of the tint-tunable window. In some embodiments, the at least one touch screen is disposed proximate to the at least one display configuration, and the at least one touch screen is positioned such that the at least one touch screen overlaps at least a portion of the viewing surface of the at least one display configuration. . In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to be operably coupled to the at least one touch screen, and the at least one controller is configured to control the at least one display based at least in part on the user's tactile interaction with the at least one touch screen. and configured to control media displayed on the component. In some embodiments, the at least one display member is a plurality of display members configured to display a portion of a screen image, and the at least one controller displays the plurality of display members based at least in part on user tactile interaction with the at least one touchscreen. It is configured to control media displayed on the screen. In some embodiments, the at least one touchscreen is a plurality of touchscreens configured to allow a user to use the plurality of touchscreens as if they were a single touchscreen spanning the plurality of touchscreens. In some embodiments, the at least one touchscreen is a plurality of touchscreens including a first touchscreen having a first side immediately adjacent to a second side of a second touchscreen. In some embodiments, immediately adjacent is no other intervening touchscreen. In some embodiments, the first side contacts the second side through a binder. In some embodiments, the first side is devoid of the first panel and the second side is devoid of the second panel. In some embodiments, the first side is bordered by a first panel and the second side is bordered by a second panel. In some embodiments, the first panel includes a sensor and an emitter and the second panel includes a sensor and an emitter. In some embodiments, the at least one touch screen has at least two sensors (a) parallel or substantially parallel to each other and (b) disposed at a distance from each other, at which distance at least a portion of the at least one touch screen is disposed. and configured to operably couple with the emitter panel. In some embodiments, the at least one touch screens are disposed (a) parallel or substantially parallel to each other and (b) at a distance from each other, wherein the distance exceeds one of the at least one touch screens disposed. It is configured to operably couple with at least two sensor and emitter panels.

In another aspect, a system for viewing media includes a tint-tunable window having at least a tinted state and a tinted state; A display member configured to display and/or manipulate electronic media, wherein the display member is adjacent to the tinted window for viewing by a user through (i) the display member and (ii) the tinted window, at least when the tinted window is in a tinted state. arranged and aligned, the display element being at least partially transparent; and optionally a fastener (e.g., at most one) configured to couple to the display configuration.

In some embodiments, the fastener (I) is configured to facilitate access to at least a portion of the display circuitry, (II) is configured to span at least thirty percent (30%) of the lateral length of the display member, and (III) is configured to facilitate heat exchange, and/or (IV) includes a plurality of hinges. In some embodiments, the fastener includes a hinge configured to facilitate reversible access and retraction of the display circuitry. In some embodiments, the display configuration includes (i) a pair of substrates, and (ii) a display matrix stacked between the pair of substrates. In some embodiments, the display matrix has at least about 2000 pixels in its basic length scale. In some embodiments, the display member is at least thirty percent (30%) transparent. In some embodiments, the tint-tunable window is an electrochromic window. In some embodiments, the fastener includes at least one hinge, and the display member is attached to the tint-tunable window by the at least one hinge. In some embodiments, the hinge is configured to facilitate servicing of the display member. In some embodiments, a driver board communicatively coupled to the display member is hidden from the viewer by at least one hinge leaf. In some embodiments, the system includes a control board and a power source. In some embodiments, the shortest distance between the display member and the power source is at least 15 feet (15'). In some embodiments, the shortest distance between the control board and the power source is at least 5 feet (5'). In some embodiments, the display component is coupled to one or more controllers and/or networks by coaxial cables. In some embodiments, the coaxial cable includes micro coaxial cable. In some embodiments, the primary length scale of the display matrix is the height or width of the display matrix. In some embodiments, the display matrix is a high-resolution or ultra-high-resolution display matrix. In some embodiments, the tint-tunable window is configured to adjust tint with media displayed by the display member. In some embodiments, the variable tint window is configured for manual and/or automatic tint adjustment. In some embodiments, the tint-tunable window is configured to adjust tint while the display member projects media. In some embodiments, the media has static, inactive content, at least during tonal adjustment. In some embodiments, the media has active content that changes during at least a tone adjustment. In some embodiments, the tint-tunable window is tinted taking into account the position of the sun, the time of day, the date, the geographic location of the enclosure in which the display member is placed, weather conditions, the transmittance of light through the tint-tunable window, and/or one or more sensor readings. It is configured to regulate. In some embodiments, the at least one touch screen is disposed proximate to the at least one display configuration, and the at least one touch screen is positioned such that the at least one touch screen overlaps at least a portion of the viewing surface of the at least one display configuration. . In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to be operably coupled to the at least one touch screen, and the at least one controller is configured to control the at least one display based at least in part on the user's tactile interaction with the at least one touch screen. and configured to control media displayed on the component. In some embodiments, the at least one display member is a plurality of display members, each of the plurality of display members configured to display a portion of a screen image, and the at least one controller is configured to control user tactile interaction with the at least one touchscreen. and configured to adjust media displayed on the plurality of elements based, at least in part, on the media displayed on the plurality of elements. In some embodiments, the at least one touchscreen is a plurality of touchscreens configured to allow a user to use the plurality of touchscreens as if they were a single touchscreen spanning the plurality of touchscreens. In some embodiments, the at least one touchscreen is a plurality of touchscreens including a first touchscreen having a first side immediately adjacent to a second side of a second touchscreen. In some embodiments, immediately adjacent is no other intervening touchscreen. In some embodiments, the first side contacts the second side through a binder. In some embodiments, the first side is devoid of the first panel and/or the second side is devoid of the second panel. In some embodiments, the first side is bordered by a first panel, and/or the second side is bordered by a second panel. In some embodiments, the first panel includes a sensor and an emitter and/or the second panel includes a sensor and an emitter. In some embodiments, the at least one touch screen is disposed (a) parallel or substantially parallel to each other and/or (b) at a distance from each other, at which distance at least a portion of the at least one touch screen is disposed. It is configured to be operatively coupled with two sensor and emitter panels. In some embodiments, the at least one touch screen is disposed (a) parallel or substantially parallel to each other and/or (b) at a distance from each other, wherein the distance is such that one of the at least one touch screens disposed Exceeds - configured to operably couple with at least two sensor and emitter panels. In some embodiments, the at least two sensors and emitter panels are arranged such that radiation emitted by an emitter in the first panel can be sensed by a sensor in a second panel disposed parallel or substantially parallel to the first panel; The first panel and the second panel comprise at least two sensor and emitter panels.

In another aspect, an apparatus for controlling media viewing, the apparatus comprising at least one controller comprising control circuitry, the at least one controller being configured to (a) display and/or manipulate electronic media; operably coupled, and - the display member is disposed adjacent to and aligned with the tint-tunable window so that a user can view through (i) the display member and (ii) the tint-tunable window, at least when the tint-tunable window is in a de-tinted state, the display The member is at least partially transparent, the tint-tunable window has at least one bleached state and one tinted state, and the display member is optionally (A) coupled to display circuitry wired to the display member and/or (B) coupled to a fastener (e.g., at most one) configured to couple to a display configuration; and (b) configured to control or direct control of the display element.

In some embodiments, the display circuitry may be transferred during operation and/or after installation, for example, to (A) a fastener from its support structure, (B) a display component from a fastener, and/or (C) an E-box and/or or configured to be at least partially accessible without disassembling the power supply. An electrical box (eg, E-box) may contain the timing controller of the display component. In some embodiments, the fastener (I) facilitates access to at least a portion of the display circuitry, (II) spans at least thirty percent (30%) of the lateral length of the display member, and (III) facilitates heat exchange. and/or (IV) configured to include a plurality of hinges. In some embodiments, the display circuitry includes at least a portion of the control circuitry. The display member is coupled to a hinge configured to facilitate reversible access and storage of the display circuitry. In some embodiments, at least one controller is part of a hierarchical control system. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to diagnose or direct a diagnosis of the display component. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to compensate or direct compensation for operation of the display element. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to (i) diagnose or direct a diagnosis of a display element to generate a diagnosis result, and (ii) use the diagnosis result to compensate or direct compensation for an operation of the display element. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to adjust or direct adjustments to the display element to compensate for deviations from the intended operation of the display element. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to monitor or direct the monitoring of conditions of a filter configured to filter the atmosphere. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to monitor or direct monitoring of the life of the filter. In some embodiments, the condition includes the validity of the filter. In some embodiments, the conditions include congestion of the filter, flow rate of air through the filter, cumulative operating time, and/or durability. In some embodiments, the filter includes a high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter. In some embodiments, the filter is configured to filter particles up to milli-, micro-, or nano-scale. In some embodiments, the filter is configured to filter pathogens and/or particulate matter. In some embodiments, the filter is configured to filter living and/or non-living material. In some embodiments, a filter is included in the ventilation system. In some embodiments, the filter is disposed within the enclosure or within a vent leading to the enclosure in which the display member is disposed. In some embodiments, the filter is disposed external to the enclosure in which the display member is disposed. In some embodiments, the filter is placed in a fixture. In some embodiments, the fixture is a wall or window frame. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to monitor or direct monitoring of the temperature of the display member. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to diagnose or direct a diagnosis of the display element, at least in part, by monitoring or directing the monitoring of a temperature of the display element. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to compensate or direct compensation for operation of the display element using the temperature of the display element. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to monitor or direct the monitoring of a state of one or more pixels of the display configuration. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to diagnose or direct a diagnosis of the display element, at least in part, by monitoring or directing the monitoring of a state of one or more pixels of the display element. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to adjust or direct an operation of the display element based at least in part on the state of one or more pixels of the display element. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to monitor or direct the operation of at least one fan configured to operate with the display member. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to diagnose or direct a diagnosis of the display element at least in part by monitoring or directing the operation of at least one fan configured to operate with the display element. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to adjust or direct an operation of the display component based at least in part on the operation of the at least one fan. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to adjust or direct adjustment of the display element based at least in part on usage of at least one pixel of the display element. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to adjust or direct adjustment of the display element based at least in part on the temperature of the display element. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to operably couple to at least one sensor, including a pressure sensor, gas flow sensor, temperature sensor, or electromagnetic sensor, and the at least one controller is configured to operate the at least one sensor. and configured to adjust or direct the operation of the display element based at least in part on the. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to regulate or direct regulation of the operation of the display element based at least in part on the current, voltage, and/or power supplied to the display element to achieve the intended purpose. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to regulate or adjust the operation of the display element based at least in part on the current, voltage, and/or power supplied to at least one pixel of the display element to achieve the intended purpose. It is designed to give instructions. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to cycle or direct cycling the display member after a predetermined time interval, cycling the display member to reduce degradation of one or more pixels of the display member over time. Including modifying media. In some embodiments, one or more pixels include light emitting diodes. In some embodiments, the light emitting diode is an organic light emitting diode. In some embodiments, the light emitting diode is at least partially transparent. In some embodiments, the predetermined time interval is adjusted based at least in part on the type of viewing of the display configuration during the previous predetermined time interval. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to be operably coupled to at least one touch screen disposed proximate the display configuration, and the at least one controller is configured to be at least partially responsive to user tactile interaction with the at least one touch screen. and configured to adjust media displayed on the display configuration based on. In some embodiments, the at least one display member is a plurality of display members configured to display a portion of a screen image, and the at least one controller displays the plurality of display members based at least in part on user tactile interaction with the at least one touchscreen. It is configured to control media displayed on the screen. In some embodiments, at least one touchscreen is multiple touchscreens and at least one controller is configured to allow a user to use the multiple touchscreens as if they were a single touchscreen spanning the multiple touchscreens. In some embodiments, the at least one touchscreen is a plurality of touchscreens including a first touchscreen having a first side immediately adjacent to a second side of a second touchscreen. In some embodiments, immediately adjacent is no other intervening touchscreen. In some embodiments, the first side contacts the second side through a binder. In some embodiments, the first side is devoid of the first panel and/or the second side is devoid of the second panel. In some embodiments, the first side is bordered by a first panel, and/or the second side is bordered by a second panel. In some embodiments, the first panel includes a sensor and an emitter and/or the second panel includes a sensor and an emitter. In some embodiments, the at least one touch screen has at least two sensors (a) parallel or substantially parallel to each other and (b) disposed at a distance from each other, at which distance at least a portion of the at least one touch screen is disposed. and configured to operably couple with the emitter panel. In some embodiments, the at least one touch screens are disposed (a) parallel or substantially parallel to each other and (b) at a distance from each other, wherein the distance exceeds one of the at least one touch screens disposed. It is configured to operably couple with at least two sensor and emitter panels. In some embodiments, the at least two sensor and emitter panels are arranged such that radiation emitted by an emitter in the first panel can be sensed by a sensor in a second panel disposed parallel or substantially parallel to the first panel; The first panel and the second panel comprise at least two sensor and emitter panels.

In another aspect, a non-transitory computer program product for controlling media viewing, the non-transitory computer program product containing embodied instructions, which instructions, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform any of the above-mentioned devices. Allows execution of actions including the actions of .

In another aspect, a method for controlling media viewing includes displaying and/or manipulating electronic media on a display member, wherein the display member comprises (i) a display member and (ii) a color tone, at least when the tint variable window is in a decolorized state. disposed adjacent to and aligned with a tint-tunable window for viewing by a user through the variable window, the display member being at least partially transparent, the tint-tunable window having at least one discolored state and one tint-changed state; and optionally using (A) display circuitry configured to communicate with the display configuration, and/or (B) a fastener (e.g., at most one) configured to couple to the display configuration.

In some embodiments, the display circuitry may be transferred during operation and/or after installation, for example, to (A) a fastener from its support structure, (B) a display component from a fastener, and/or (C) an E-box and/or or configured to be at least partially accessible without disassembling the power supply. An electrical box (eg, E-box) may contain the timing controller of the display component. In some embodiments, the fastener (I) facilitates access to at least a portion of the display circuitry, (II) spans at least thirty percent (30%) of the lateral length of the display member, and (III) exchanges heat. and/or (IV) a plurality of hinges. In some embodiments, the display circuitry is fastened without disassembling, for example, (A) the fastener from its support structure, (B) the display component from the fastener, and/or (C) the E-box and/or the power supply. It is reversibly accessible or retracted using at least one hinge of the sphere. An electrical box (eg, E-box) may contain the timing controller of the display component. In some embodiments, the method further includes diagnosing the display component to form a diagnosis. In some embodiments, diagnosing the display component is performed by at least one controller of a hierarchical control system. In some embodiments, the method further includes using diagnostics to compensate for one or more operations of the display component. In some embodiments, the method further includes adjusting media displayed on the display member based at least in part on a user's tactile interaction with at least one touchscreen disposed proximate the display member. In some embodiments, a display element is a plurality of display elements that display portions of a screen image. In some embodiments, the method further includes adjusting media displayed on the plurality of display configurations based at least in part on user tactile interaction with the at least one touchscreen. In some embodiments, the at least one touchscreen is multiple touchscreens. In some embodiments, the method further includes the user using the plurality of touchscreens as if the plurality of touchscreens were a single touchscreen spanning the plurality of touchscreens.

In another aspect, a non-transitory computer program product for controlling media viewing, wherein the non-transitory computer program product contains embedded instructions, wherein the instructions, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform any of the methods recited above. Allows execution of actions including the actions of .

In another aspect, a method of maintaining a media display includes (a) displaying electronic media on a display configuration that includes a light illumination component; (b) sensing media displayed by the light projection component of the display configuration using at least one sensor to generate sensor data; (c) using the sensor data to evaluate the status of at least one of the light emitting components by comparing the displayed media to the media requested to be displayed; and (d) (i) adjusting the irradiance of at least one of the light illumination components to illuminate the requested irradiance level of the media to be displayed, and/or (ii) when the state of at least one of the light illumination components is below a threshold. , using a control system to predict maintenance of the display element, wherein the control system is operably coupled to the display element and the at least one sensor.

In some embodiments, maintaining the display member includes replacing the display member. In some embodiments, control includes a hierarchy of controllers. In some embodiments, the method further includes controlling the enclosure in which the display configuration is disposed using a control system. In some embodiments, the method further includes using a control system to control the atmosphere of the enclosure in which the display member is disposed. In some embodiments, the method further includes controlling the building in which the display component is located using a building management system, the control system being coupled to and/or controlled by the building management system. In some embodiments, the method further includes controlling cycling illumination of at least one of the light illumination components using a control system. In some embodiments, the method further includes using or directing the use of a learning module to predict maintenance of at least one of the light illumination components using the control system. In some embodiments, the control system is communicatively coupled to a network configured to provide data and/or power to the display component.

In another aspect, in a non-transitory computer program product for maintaining a media display, the non-transitory computer program product contains embedded instructions, wherein the instructions, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform the method described above. Allows execution of actions including arbitrary actions.

In another aspect, an apparatus for maintaining a media display, the apparatus comprising at least one controller comprising circuitry, the at least one controller being operatively coupled to (a) a display member and at least one sensor; , (b) directing a display component to display the electronic media, wherein the display component includes a light illumination component; (c) instruct at least one sensor to detect media displayed by the light projection component of the display configuration to generate sensor data; (d) use or direct the use of sensor data to evaluate the state of at least one of the light emitting components by comparing the displayed media to the media requested to be displayed; (e) instruct at least one of the light illumination components to adjust the irradiance amount so that at least one of the light illumination components irradiates the requested illuminance level of the media to be displayed, and/or (f) the state of the at least one light illumination component. is configured to predict or instruct maintenance of the display component when is less than a threshold value.

In some embodiments, maintenance of the display member includes replacement of the display member. In some embodiments, control includes a hierarchy of controllers. In some embodiments, the control system is configured to control the enclosure in which the display member is placed. In some embodiments, the control system is configured to control the atmosphere of the enclosure in which the display member is located. In some embodiments, the control system is configured for a building management system that controls the building in which the display element is located. In some embodiments, the control system is configured to control cycling illumination of at least one of the light illumination components. In some embodiments, the control system is configured to use or direct the use of a learning module to predict maintenance of at least one of the light illumination components. In some embodiments, the learning module includes a neural network. In some embodiments, a learning module includes one or more deep learning algorithms. In some embodiments, the control system is communicatively coupled to a network configured to provide data and/or power to the display component.

In another aspect, in a non-transitory computer program product for maintaining a media display, the non-transitory computer program product contains embedded instructions, wherein the instructions, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform at least one of the above-mentioned operations. Allows execution of operations including arbitrary operations of the controller.

In some embodiments, a method of viewing media includes viewing media on a display configuration operably coupled to a viewing (e.g., color-changing) window using any of the systems and/or devices disclosed herein. Begin.

In some embodiments, a method of viewing the external environment of a viewing window includes a method disclosed herein, e.g., while a display member is operably coupled to a viewing (e.g., tint-tunable) window and is within the external environment and the user's line of sight. Disclosed is viewing an external environment of a viewing (e.g., color-changing) window using any of the systems and/or devices.

In another aspect, the disclosure provides methods of using any of the systems and/or devices disclosed herein, for example, for their intended purposes.

In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a system, device (e.g., controller), and/or non-transitory computer-readable medium (e.g., software) implementing any of the methods disclosed herein.

In another aspect, an apparatus includes at least one controller programmed to direct a mechanism used to implement (e.g., execute) any of the methods disclosed herein, wherein the at least one controller is operative to the mechanism. are combined.

In another aspect, an apparatus includes at least one controller configured (e.g., programmed) to implement (e.g., execute) a method disclosed herein. At least one controller may implement any of the methods disclosed in this application.

In another aspect, a system includes at least one other device (or component thereof), and at least one controller programmed to direct the operation of the device (or component thereof), wherein the at least one controller is configured to direct the operation of the device (or component thereof). is operably coupled to. The device (or component thereof) may include any device (or component thereof) disclosed in this application. At least one controller may direct any device (or component thereof) disclosed in this application.

In another aspect, a computer software product comprising a non-transitory computer-readable medium having program instructions stored thereon, wherein the instructions, when read by a computer, cause the computer to operate a mechanism disclosed herein (e.g., a device and/or any wherein the non-transitory computer-readable medium is operably coupled to the mechanism. A mechanism may include any device (or any component thereof) disclosed herein.

In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising machine-executable code that, when executed by one or more computer processors, implements any of the methods disclosed herein.

In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a non-transitory computer-readable medium that includes machine executable code that, when executed by one or more computer processors, executes instructions of a controller(s) (e.g., as disclosed herein). provides.

In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a computer system including one or more computer processors and a non-transitory computer-readable medium coupled thereto. The non-transitory computer-readable medium includes machine-executable code that, when executed by one or more computer processors, implements any of the methods disclosed herein and/or executes instructions of the controller(s) disclosed herein.

Additional aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will readily become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, in which only exemplary embodiments of the disclosure are shown and described. As will be appreciated, the present disclosure is capable of other and different embodiments, and its several details may be modified in various obvious respects without departing from the present disclosure. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be considered illustrative in nature and not restrictive.

These and other features and embodiments will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

Incorporation by Reference

All publications, patents, and patent applications mentioned in this specification are herein incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each individual publication, patent, or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference.

The novel features of the invention are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. A better understanding of the features and advantages of the invention may be obtained by reference to the following detailed description, which illustrates exemplary embodiments in which the principles of the invention are utilized, and the accompanying drawings or schematics (also referred to herein as "Figures"). There will be.
1A and 1B illustrate various window and display configurations.
Figure 2 schematically shows a display member assembly.
Figure 3 schematically shows a display member assembly.
Figure 4 schematically shows the hinge.
Figure 5 schematically illustrates various fastener and display component assemblies.
Figure 6 schematically illustrates various fasteners, display component assemblies and wiring.
Figure 7 schematically depicts various fastener and display component assemblies.
Figure 8 schematically depicts various views of a display member assembly and applicator.
Figure 9 schematically depicts various views of a display member assembly.
Figure 10 schematically illustrates various fastener options and display component assemblies.
Figure 11 schematically illustrates various operations of forming a display member assembly.
Figure 12 schematically depicts various fastener and display component assemblies.
Figure 13 schematically depicts the various layers of an electrochromic construct.
Figures 14a and 14b schematically show various views of an integrated glass unit.
Figure 15 schematically shows the control hierarchy scheme and building.
Figure 16 schematically shows the processing system.
Figure 17 schematically shows the display component assembly and controller and power supply assembly.
18 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a method of operating a display structure.
Figure 19 is a flow diagram illustrating an example of a method of operation for a display configuration.
Figure 20 schematically shows a control scheme for the display element.
21A and 21B schematically depict various window and display configurations.
22A and 22B schematically depict various window and display configurations.
Figure 23 schematically depicts various window and display configurations.
Figure 24 schematically illustrates various window and display configurations.
Figure 25 schematically depicts various window and display configurations.
Figure 26 schematically shows an exploded view (eg, exploded view) of a box containing circuitry.
Figures 27a and 27b schematically show various views of a box containing circuitry.
Figure 28 schematically shows a display configuration and associated components.
Figures 29A-29D schematically depict various display configurations.
30A and 30B schematically depict various display configurations.
31A and 31B schematically depict various display configurations.
32 schematically shows an exploded view (eg, exploded view) of a box containing circuitry.
33A to 33D schematically show various views of a box containing circuitry.
Figures 34a to 34e schematically show various views of a box containing circuitry.
Figure 35 schematically depicts various views of a display configuration and associated components (e.g., portions thereof).
Figure 36 schematically depicts various views of a display configuration and associated components (e.g., portions thereof).
Figure 37 schematically depicts various views of a display configuration and associated components (e.g., portions thereof).
Figure 38 schematically depicts various views of a display configuration and associated components (e.g., portions thereof).
Figure 39 schematically depicts various views of a display configuration and related components (e.g., portions thereof).
Figure 40 schematically depicts various views of portions and associated components (eg, portions thereof) of a display configuration.
Figure 41 schematically depicts various views of a display configuration and associated components (e.g., portions thereof).
Figure 42 schematically illustrates various views of some of the display configuration and associated components.
Figure 43 schematically shows various views of portions of a fastener and associated components.
Drawings and components may not be drawn to scale. Various components of the drawings described in this application may not be drawn to scale.

While various embodiments of the invention have been shown and described herein, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that such embodiments are provided by way of example only. A person skilled in the art may devise numerous variations, changes, and substitutions without departing from the present invention. It should be understood that various alternatives to the embodiments of the invention described in this application may be utilized.

Terms such as “a,” “an,” and “the” are not intended to refer only to a single entity but may encompass general classes of which specific examples may be used for illustrative purposes. Although terminology in this application is used to describe specific embodiments of the invention(s), its use is not intended to limit the invention(s).

When referring to a range, the range is meant to include boundary values unless otherwise specified. For example, the range between value 1 and value 2 is meant to include the boundary value and includes value 1 and value 2. The range containing the boundary will span any value from approximately 1 to approximately 2. As used in this application, the terms “adjacent” or “adjacent to” include “next to,” “adjacent,” “in contact with,” and “proximate to.”

The term “operably coupled” or “operably connected” refers to a first element that is coupled (e.g., connected) to a second element to allow intended operation of the second and/or first element ( For example, a mechanism). Bonding may include physical or non-physical bonding. Non-physical coupling may include signal-induced coupling (eg, wireless coupling). Coupled may include physical coupling (e.g., physically connected) or non-physical coupling (e.g., via wireless communication).

An element "configured" to perform a function (e.g., a mechanism) includes structural features that enable the element to perform that function. Structural features may include electrical features such as circuit parts or circuit elements. Structural features may include circuitry (including, for example, electrical or optical circuitry). The electrical circuitry may include one or more wires. The optical circuitry may include at least one optical element (e.g., beamsplitter, mirror, lens, and/or optical fiber). Structural features may include mechanical features. Mechanical features may include latches, springs, closures, hinges, sashes, supports, fasteners, or cantilevers, etc. Performing a function may include using logical features. Logical features may include programming instructions. Programming instructions may be executable by at least one processor. Programming instructions may be stored or encoded in a (e.g., non-transitory) medium accessible by one or more processors.

In some embodiments, the display element is coupled with a viewing (eg, tinted viewing) window. The viewing window may include an integrated glass unit. The display member may include one or more glass panes. A display (eg, display matrix) may include light emitting diodes (LEDs). LEDs may include organic materials (eg, organic light emitting diodes, abbreviated as “OLED” in this application). OLEDs may include transparent organic light emitting diode displays (abbreviated as “TOLED” in this application), where TOLEDs are at least partially transparent. The display may have 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, 6000, 7000 or 8000 pixels in its native length scale. The display may have any number of pixels at its basic length scale between the number of pixels described above (e.g., from about 2000 pixels to about 4000 pixels, from about 4000 pixels to about 8000 pixels, or from about 2000 pixels to about 8000 pixels). You can. The basic length scale may include the diameter, length, width, or height of the bounding circle. The fundamental length scale may be abbreviated as “FLS” in this application. The display component may include a high-resolution display. For example, the display element may be at least about 550, 576, 680, 720, 768, 1024, 1080, 1920, 1280, 2160, 3840, 4096, 4320, or 7680 pixels x at least about 550, 576, 680, 720, 768 , can have a resolution of 1024, 1080, 1280, 1920, 2160, 3840, 4096, 4320 or 7680 pixels (at 30Hz or 60Hz). The first number of pixels may specify the height of the display and the second number of pixels may specify the length of the display. For example, the display may be a high-resolution display with a resolution of 1920 Х 1080, 3840 Х 2160, 4096 Х 2160, or 7680 Х 4320. The display may be a standard definition display, an enhanced definition display, a high definition display, or an ultra-high definition display. The display may be rectangular. The image projected by the display matrix may be refreshed at a frequency (e.g., refresh rate) of at least about 20 Hz, 30 Hz, 60 Hz, 70 Hz, 75 Hz, 80 Hz, 100 Hz, or 120 hertz (Hz). The FLS of the display element may be at least 20", 25", 30", 35", 40", 45", 50", 55", 60", 65", 80", or 90 inches ("). The FLS of the display configuration may be any value between the values previously described (e.g., about 20" to about 55", about 55" to about 100", or about 20" to about 100").

In some embodiments, at least a portion of a facility's window surfaces are used to display various media using glass display members. The display may be used to view (e.g., at least partially) an environment outside the window (e.g., an outdoor environment), for example when the display is not in operation. The display may use (e.g., optical) overlays, augmented reality, and/or lighting (e.g., the display may act as a light source) to augment the outer scene (e.g., as disclosed herein). ) can be used to display media. Media may be used for entertainment and non-entertainment purposes. The media may be used for tasks (e.g., data analysis, drafting, and/or video conferencing). Media may be manipulated (eg, using a display construct). Utilizing the display construct can be direct or indirect. Indirect use of media may be using an input device such as an electronic mouse or keyboard. The input device may be communicatively coupled (eg, wired and/or wirelessly) to the media. Direct use may be using the display component as a touch screen using a user (eg, a finger) or a directing device (eg, an electronic pen or stylus). The indicating device may be made of and/or coated with a low-wear material (eg, polymer). The low-abrasive material can be configured to facilitate touching the display member (eg, repeatedly) while minimizing damage (eg, scratches) to the display member. Low-wear materials may include polymers or resins (eg, plastics). The pointing device may be passive or active. An active pointing device may be operably coupled to a display component and/or network. The active pointing device may include circuitry. The active pointing device may include a remote controller. A directing device may facilitate directing actions related to media presented by a display configuration. A pointing device can facilitate interaction (eg, in real time and/or in situ) with media presented by a display configuration.

Embodiments described in this application relate to viewable windows having tandem (e.g., transparent) display configurations. In certain embodiments, the visible window is an electrochromic window. Electrochromic windows may include solid-state and/or inorganic electrochromic (EC) devices. The viewing window may be in the form of an integrated glass unit (IGU). If the IGU includes an electrochromic (abbreviated as “EC” in this application) device, it may be referred to as an “EC IGU.” The EC IGU may tint (e.g., darken) the room in which it is placed and/or provide a tinted (e.g., darker) background compared to a non-tonal IGU. The tinted IGU can provide a desirable (eg, necessary) background for acceptable (eg, good) contrast in a (eg, transparent) display configuration. In another example, a window with a (eg, transparent) display configuration may replace a television (abbreviated as “TV” in this application) in commercial and residential applications. The (eg, transparent) display member and the EC IGU together can provide visual privacy glass functionality, for example, because the display can augment the privacy provided by the EC glass alone. Embodiments disclosed herein also describe certain methods, devices, and systems for mounting a display member (e.g., a transparent display) to a frame system of a viewable window.

1A shows an example of a fastener structure 104 comprising a window 102 surrounded by a window frame 103 (shown in partial view) and a first hinge 105a and a second hinge 105b. , the hinge facilitates rotation of the display element 101 about the hinge axis, for example in the direction of arrow 111. The window may be an electrochromic window. The window may be in the form of an EC IGU. In one embodiment, one or more display elements (e.g., transparent displays) (e.g., 101) that are at least partially transparent are mounted on a window frame (e.g., 103). In one embodiment, one or more display configurations (e.g., transparent displays) include T-OLED technology; however, it should be understood that the present invention should not be limited by or to such technology. In one embodiment, one or more display elements (e.g., transparent displays) are mounted to the frame (e.g., 103) via fastener structures (e.g., 104). In one embodiment, the fastener structure (also referred to herein as a “fastener”) includes a bracket. In one embodiment, the fastener structure includes an L-bracket. In one embodiment, the L-bracket includes a length that is approximately or equal to the length of the side of the window (e.g., also the length of fastener 104 in the example shown in FIG. 1A). In embodiments, the default length scale (e.g., length) of the window is up to 60 feet ('), 50', 40', 30', 25', 20', 15', 10', 5', or 1'. am. The FLS of the window may be any value between the values previously described (e.g., 1' to 60', 1' to 30', 30' to 60', or 10' to 40'). In embodiments, the default length scale (e.g., length) of the window is at least about 50', 60', 80', or 100'. In one embodiment, a display configuration (e.g., a transparent display) includes an area that matches (e.g., substantially) the surface area of a lite (e.g., a pane of glass). The fastener structure may be mounted to a structure (e.g., a frame part such as a door jamb) via a locking mechanism (e.g., snap lock) and/or via screw(s), for example, slip and snap attachments. It can be configured for. The fastener may include a mounting plate. A fastener may be configured such that its associated cabling and/or wiring resides in a support structure cavity (eg, a frame portion) without applying pressure to the support structure (eg, a fixture). The support structure may include clips (eg, spring clips) to hold the fastener in place.

In certain embodiments, the area of the display approximates the viewable area of the window (e.g., the area within the frame system of the window (e.g., see 1 in FIG. 1B)). In one embodiment, one or more display elements (e.g., transparent displays) together cover (e.g., approximately and/or substantially) the viewable area of the window (e.g., see 2 and 3 in FIG. 1B ). In one embodiment, the transparent display (eg, tint-tunable) surrounds an area that is approximately half the viewable area of the window. In one embodiment, two or more displays are mounted above a single viewable window (see 2 and 3 in Figure 1B). The display element (eg, tint variable) may cover at least a portion of the window. The display element (e.g., tint-tunable) covers at least about 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% of the viewable portion of the window. % can be covered. The area occupied by the display element may be the entire (100%) of the visible portion of the (e.g., color-variable) window. The area occupied by the display member may be any percentage of the visible portion of the window (e.g., tint-varying) between the percentages previously described (e.g., about 10% to about 100%, about 10% to about 50%). %, or about 50% to about 100%). Sometimes, multiple display elements (eg, tint-changing) may cover a window. The display configuration may be mounted in one or more layouts and/or configurations, for example, to maximize design flexibility. A plurality of fasteners may be coupled (e.g., to each) to a plurality of display elements (e.g., to allow rotation of the display elements). 1B shows an example of various windows on the façade 120 of a building, which façade includes windows 122, 123, 121 and display elements 1, 2, and 3. In the example shown in FIG. 1B , the display element 1 is at least partially transparent, the entirety of the window 123 is covered by the display element and the user can view the external environment (e.g., through the display element 1 and the window 123 ). For example, flowers, glass, trees) are placed on the window 123 so that one can view them (for example, the display member 1 is overlaid on the window 123). The display element 1 is coupled to the window with a fastener that facilitates rotation of the display element about an axis parallel to the lower horizontal edge of the window, this rotation being in the direction of arrow 127. In the example shown in FIG. 1B , display elements 2 and 3 are at least partially transparent and are comprised of two display elements each covering (e.g., extending across) approximately half the surface area of window 121. It covers the entire window 121 and is disposed on the window 121 so that the user can view the external environment (eg, flowers, glass, and trees) through the display elements 2 and 3 and the window 121. The display member 2 is coupled to the window 121 with a fastener that facilitates rotation of the display member about an axis parallel to the left vertical edge of the window, and this rotation is in the direction of arrow 126. The display element 3 is coupled to the window with a fastener that facilitates rotation of the display element about an axis parallel to the right vertical edge of the window 121, and this rotation is in the direction of arrow 125.

In some embodiments, the display member is coupled to a structure (eg, fixture). The structure may include windows, walls, or boards. The display member may be coupled to the structure with a fastener. For example, when the display element is in operation, there may be a distance between the display element and the structure. The distance may be up to about 0.5 meters (m), 0.4 m, 0.3 m, 0.2 m, 0.1 m, 0.05 m, 0.025 m or 0.01 m.

In some embodiments, the E-box is operably coupled to or includes a power supply. A power supply may be an electrical device that supplies power to an electrical load. A power supply converts current from a source into the correct voltage, current, and/or frequency to power a load. The power supply may limit the current drawn by the load to safe levels (e.g., in accordance with jurisdiction and/or safety standards), cut off the current (e.g., in the event of an electrical fault), and (e.g., regulates power (to prevent electronic noise and/or voltage surges at the input from reaching the load), corrects power factor, and/or facilitates continued operation of the load (e.g., when source power is temporarily interrupted). to) can store energy. The load may be a media display (eg, an OLED display). The power supply may be a power converter. The power supply may be a separate, standalone device. The power supply may be included in the E-box. The stand-alone power supply device may be placed in a fixture-like structure. The structure may include a window frame portion (eg, a jamb or crossbar) or a wall. The power supply device may be placed at a distance from the E-box and/or timing controller. The distance may be at least about 30', 50', 100', 200', or 300'. The E-box may or may not be part of the fastener (e.g., attached to the fastener). In some embodiments, the E-box (eg, including any analogue to a digital converter) may be placed at a distance from the fitment (eg, not part of the fitment).

In some embodiments, the housing of the electronic component (e.g., circuitry) includes at least one heat exchanger. For example, the E-box, power supply housing, and/or timing controller housing (e.g., fitment) may include one or more heat exchangers (e.g., as disclosed herein). The heat exchanger may be a fan. Heat exchangers can be passive or active. The heat exchanger may include a heat pipe. A heat exchanger may include components configured to efficiently absorb and/or transfer heat. For example, a heat exchanger may include a metal slab (eg, a heat sink). The metal slab may include elemental metals or metal alloys.

In some embodiments, a housing (e.g., fastener) of an electronic component may include one or more fans. The fan may direct gas (e.g., air) from one of the sides to the other side (e.g., propel the gas into or tow the gas from the surrounding environment). The direction of fan rotation may determine its gas propulsion/traction function. A fan may have a basic length scale (e.g., height, length, width, radius, or radius of a bounding circle). The base length scale FLS of the fan may be up to about 5 centimeters (cm), 4 cm, 3 cm, 2.5 cm, 2 cm, 1.5 cm, 1 cm or 0.5 cm. FLS can have any value between the values previously described (e.g., from about 5 cm to about 0.5 cm, from about 5 cm to about 2 cm, or from about 2 cm to about 0.5 cm). The height and length of the fan may be (eg, substantially) the same. The width of the fan may be up to about half, one-third, one-quarter or one-fifth of the height and/or length of the fan. The fan may have multiple blades (eg, at least 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 blades). In some embodiments, the fan may be bladeless. The fan may require low voltage, for example up to about 1.5 volts (V), 2V, 3V, 4V, 5V, 6V, 7V, 8V, 9V or 10V. The speed of the fan should be at least about 5 thousand revolutions per minute (KRPM), 5.5 KRPM, 6 KRPM, 6.5 KRPM, 7 KRPM, 7.5 KRPM, 8 KRPM, 8.5 KRPM, 9 KRPM, 9.5 KRPM, 10 KRPM, 10.5 KRPM, 11 KRPM , it may be 11.5 KRPM or 12 KRPM. The fan may have a low noise signature. The low noise signature can be up to about 10.0 decibels (dbA), 15 dbA, 20, 25 dbA or 30 dbA, where the dbA value is adjusted to vary the sensitivity of the human ear to different frequencies of sound. The low-noise signature may be lower than speaking sounds (e.g., about 65 dbA). A low-noise signature can be at most breathing noise (e.g., about 10 dbA), a quiet laboratory (e.g., about 20 dbA), a soft whisper (e.g., about 40 dbA), or an office environment (e.g., about 50 dbA to about 65 dbA). ) It may be around this level. The noise level of the fan may follow jurisdictional standards (e.g., standards promulgated by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)). The pan may weigh up to about 5 grams (g), 6 grams, 8 grams, or 10 grams. The fan has a speed of at least about 0.02 cubic meters per minute (M ³ /min), 0.03 M ³ /min, 0.04 M ³ /min, 0.05 M ³ /min, 0.06 M ³ /min, 0.07 M ³ /min, 0.08 M ³ /min. , can have an air conduction capacity of 0.09 M ³ /min, 0.1 M ³ /min, 0.15 M ³ /min, 0.2 M ³ /min, 0.3 M ³ /min, 0.4 M ³ /min, or 0.5 M ³ /min. there is. The fan may have a conduction capacity between any of the conduction capacities mentioned herein (e.g., from about 0.02 M ³ /min to about 0.05 M ³ /min, from about 0.05 M ³ /min to about 0.1 M ^{3 /} min). minutes, or from about 0.1 M ³ /min to about 0.5 M ³ /min).

In some embodiments, at least two of the plurality of circuit boards may be disposed in a manner that facilitates placement of shielding, heat exchange, and/or cooling elements therebetween. At least one shielding element may be disposed between the first circuit board and the second circuit board located adjacent to each other (eg, directly). Shielding elements may include electrical and/or electromagnetic (eg, radio frequency) shielding. The shield may or may not act as a heat exchanger and/or cooling element. The housing of the electronic component may include a heat exchanger and/or cooling element that is separate from the shield. Heat exchangers and/or cooling elements may include heat pipes or metal slabs. Metals may include elemental metals or metal alloys. The metal may be configured for (eg, efficient and/or rapid) heat conduction. Metals may include copper, aluminum, brass, steel, or bronze. Cooling elements may include fluids, gases, or semi-solid (eg, gel) materials. Cooling elements may be active and/or passive. The cooling element may include circulating material. The cooling element may be operably coupled to an active cooling device (eg, thermostat, cooler, and/or freezer). The active cooling device may be placed external to the device ensemble housing. The cooling element may be disposed in a fixture (e.g., a floor, ceiling, wall, or frame) of an enclosure (e.g., a building or room) in which the housing of the electronic component is disposed. Fixtures may include mullions or transoms.

In some embodiments, the display component assembly may accommodate one or more connector types for media signals and/or electrical. By way of example, at least one connector and/or socket for one or more drivers and/or receivers for use in a serial communication system (e.g., RS485 (input and output)). Connector and/or socket types may include HDMI, Display Port (DP) input and/or output, or alternating current (AC) input and/or switch. 17 shows a controller and power supply including HDMI input (1701), DP1 input (1702), RS485 input (1703), AC switch and AC input (1704), RS485 output (1705), and DP output (1706). An example of a side view of assembly 1700 is shown. 17 shows an exploded (e.g., exploded) perspective view of the controller and power supply assembly 1710, including main power lines 1711, window controller 1712, IGU 1715, and frame cap 1718. ) (sometimes referred to as a “beauty cap”), window frame 1719, circuitry 1716 (e.g., including boosters and/or drivers for the display matrix), hinges (e.g., hinge 1717 )), a display member 1714, a cover 1720, and a display member frame (e.g., edge bezel) 1713 for the display member. The display structure frame may be a cover for the touch screen component(s). Window controllers can be placed on the side of the window, closer or farther from the window. The window controller may be placed on (or on) the window frame, on (or on) the wall, on (or on) the ceiling, or on (or on) the floor. The hinge may or may not be temporarily locked (eg, using an insert (eg, slit or gap), protrusion and/or spring (eg, spring plunger)).

In some embodiments, the display configuration is mated with a viewing window (eg, an integrated glass unit, abbreviated as “IGU” in this application). The display element may be configured to be located on at least a portion of the (eg, tint-changing) window. For example, the display structure may be configured to overlap at least a portion of the window. The display structure may be configured to facilitate simultaneous viewing from one side of the window (e.g., the internal environment) to its opposite side (e.g., the external environment). The display element may be positioned within the line of sight of a user viewing through the window (or any portion thereof).

In some embodiments, a controller is operably coupled (e.g., communicatively coupled) with a display component. Communications may be wired and/or wireless. The controller may control the display element at least partially automatically. The controller may be, for example, a timing controller (e.g., T-CON) as disclosed herein. Controls may include electronic and/or optical controls. The controller may include a microcontroller. The controller may be placed adjacent to the glass (eg, IGU) and/or display structure. The controller may be placed on the window frame (eg, grab bar or door jamb). In some embodiments, the jamb (e.g., Figure 1B, 131) is a vertical extension of the window frame and the transom (e.g., Figure 1B, 130) is a horizontal extension of the window frame. A window frame may retain glass and/or display elements (eg, directly or indirectly). The glass may be tint-tunable glass. The tintable glass may be controlled (eg, using at least one controller). For example, tinted glass can be controlled by a controller hierarchy (see, for example, Figure 15). The hierarchy of controllers may be static or dynamic (e.g., where the hierarchical assignment of controllers changes dynamically). One or more controllers that control a viewing (e.g., tint-changing) window may or may not control a display component (also referred to herein as a “media display component”).

In some embodiments, the display construction includes glass. The glass may be in the form of one or more glass plates. For example, a display configuration may include a display matrix (eg, an array of lights) disposed between two panes of glass. The array of lights may include an array of colored lights. For example, an array of red, green and blue colored lights. For example, an array of cyan, magenta, and yellow colored lights. The array of lights may include lighting colors used in electronic screen displays. The lighting array may include an array of LEDs (eg, OLED, eg, TOLED). A matrix display (eg, an array of lights) may be at least partially transparent (eg, to the average human eye). Transparent OLEDs exhibit a transition of a significant portion (e.g., greater than about 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 80%, 90%, or 95%) of the intensity and/or wavelength that the average human eye detects. It can be done easily. Matrix displays can create minimal disruption to users viewing through the array. The array of lights may create minimal disruption to a user viewing through a window in which the array is placed. The display matrix (eg, lighting array) may be as transparent as possible. At least one glass pane of the display configuration can have a regular glass thickness. Regular glass can have a thickness of at least about 1 millimeter (mm), 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, or 6 mm. Regular glass may have a thickness of any of the values previously described (e.g., 1 mm to 6 mm, 1 mm to 3 mm, 3 mm to about 4 mm, or 4 mm to 6 mm). At least one glass pane of the display member may be of thin glass thickness. Thin glass can have a thickness of up to about 0.4 millimeters (mm), 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, or 0.9 mm thick. The thin glass may have a thickness of any of the values previously described (eg, 0.4 mm to 0.9 mm, 0.4 mm to 0.7 mm, or 0.5 mm to 0.9 mm). The glass of the display construction may be at least transparent (eg, in the visible spectrum). For example, the glass can be at least about 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or 99% transparent. The glass may have a percent transmittance value of any of the percentages previously described (e.g., from about 80% to about 99%). The display construction may include one or more panes of glass (eg, glass panes). For example, the display configuration may include a plurality (eg, two) panes. The glass plates may have (eg, substantially) the same thickness or different thicknesses. The front pane may be thicker than the rear pane. The rear pane may be thicker than the front pane. Front may be the expected direction of a viewer (eg, in front of display element 101, looking at display element 101). The rear may be in the direction of a (e.g., tint variable) window (e.g., 102). One glass may be thicker than the other. The thicker glass may be at least about 1.25*, 1.5*, 2*, 2.5*, 3*, 3.5*, or 4* thicker than the thinner glass. The symbol "*" represents the mathematical operation of "multiple". The transmittance of the display component (including one or more panes and a display matrix (e.g., a lighting array or LCD)) is at least about 20%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 60%, It may be 70%, 80% or 90%. The display configuration may have a display configuration between any of the percentages described above (e.g., about 20% to about 90%, about 20% to about 50%, about 20% to about 40%, about 30% to about 40%, about 40% to about 80%, or about 50% to about 90%). A higher transmission percentage means higher intensity and/or a broader spectrum of light passing through the material (eg, glass). The transmittance may be the transmittance of visible light. Transmittance can be measured as visible transmittance (abbreviated in this application as “Tvis”), which refers to the amount of light in the visible portion of the spectrum that passes through a material. Transmittance may be relative to the intensity of incident light. The display member may transmit at least about 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or 99% of the visible spectrum of light (e.g., the wavelength spectrum) therethrough. The display member may transmit a percentage value between any of the percentages previously described (e.g., from about 80% to about 99%). In some embodiments, instead of a lighting array, a liquid crystal display is used. 2 shows a schematic example of the display member assembly 200 before its lamination, where the display member includes a thicker glass plate 205, a first adhesive layer 204, a display matrix 203, and a second adhesive layer 202. ), and a thinner glass plate 201, the matrix is connected via wiring 211 to circuitry 212 that controls at least one aspect of the display member, and the display member is coupled to the fastener 213.

The display matrix has reflectance and/or color properties. The display matrix can be color, grayscale, or black and white. The display matrix can have color depth. The color depth may be at least about 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.25, or 1.5 billion colors. The color depth can be any value between the values described above (e.g., from about 250 million colors to about 1.5 billion colors, from about 250 million colors to about 1.25 billion colors, or from about 1 billion colors to about 1 billion colors). Approximately 1.5 billion colors). The display element may have a contrast ratio of at least about 100000, 120000, 150000, 170000, or 200000 to 1. The display configuration may have a contrast ratio between any of the above reference values to 1 (e.g., from about 100000:1 to about 200000:1, from about 100000:1 to about 150000:1, or from about 150000:1 to about 200000:1 ) can have. The reflectivity of the display member may be up to about 2%, 4%, 8%, 10%, 14%, or 18%. The reflectance of the display member may have any value between the values previously described (eg, about 2% to about 18%, or about 2% to about 14%).

In some embodiments, at least one glass pane within the display member and/or IGU is strengthened. At least one glass of the display member and/or IGU may be natural glass (eg, not subjected to a strengthening and/or tempering process). The glass may be tempered glass. Tempered glass can be heat strengthened, heat tempered, or chemically strengthened. Chemically strengthened glass may be chemically strengthened glass. Chemically strengthened glass may include Gorilla glass. Glass may include SentryGlass ^(R) used. Chemically strengthened glass may include glass doped with one or more ions (e.g., cations). The cation may be an alkali (eg, potassium) or alkaline earth cation. The glass may contain one or more pigments. Glass may allow the transfer (e.g., wavelength and/or intensity) of UV light therethrough. Glass can reduce (eg, prevent) penetration of UV light (eg, wavelength and/or intensity) therethrough. Glass may absorb at least a portion (eg, wavelength and/or intensity) of UV light. In some embodiments, the glass may include surface treatment (e.g., sanding).

In some embodiments, the display construction may include a binder (eg, a laminate and/or adhesive). In some embodiments, the display member may include a binder that includes polymers and/or resins. A binder may be placed between the glass plate and the display matrix. The binder may be selected to facilitate formation of the construct (eg, adhesion of the display matrix to a glass plate) with minimal damage to (eg, no damage to) the display matrix. The binder can be cured by heat and/or UV treatment. The temperature of the heat treatment may be such that it causes minimal damage to the display matrix (eg, no measurable and/or significant damage to the display matrix). Not damaging the array to a significant degree may mean not damaging the array to the extent that it affects the array's intended purpose (e.g., performance as a display according to its specifications). The binder may include at least one organic polymer. The at least one organic polymer may include polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), polyacrylamide, or SGP resin (e.g., Dupont's SGP 5000). The binder may include, for example, ocA by 3M (e.g., 3M 8211, 3M 8212, 3M 8213, 3M 8214, 3M 8215, 3M 8171, or 3M 8172). The polymer(s) may allow the transfer of UV light (e.g., wavelength and/or intensity) therethrough. The polymer may reduce (eg, prevent) penetration of UV light (eg, wavelength and/or intensity) therethrough. The polymer may absorb at least a portion (eg, wavelength and/or intensity) of UV light.

In some embodiments, the display construction includes lamination. The display construct may include a color-changing device (eg, an electrochromic device). Tint-tunable devices can be stacked on a display member (to form a single display member unit). For example, a display construct can include a deposited electrochromic layer construct (e.g., deposited on the backside of a media display (e.g., the backside of an LED)). The display construction may include one or more layers (eg, deposited and/or laminated layers) to protect the media display from radiation (eg, UV and/or IR radiation). The film can be configured with additional layering (e.g., electrochromic device, UV protective layer, and/or IR protective layer). The film may be part of the display structure. Films can facilitate longer operating life of display components. Film can facilitate greater contrast of displayed media. A display component (eg, comprising an electrochromic film) can be coupled to a tint-tunable (eg, electrochromic) window. The film may be configured with any tint-tunable window capability (e.g., a liquid crystal device, a suspended particle device, a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) device (e.g., a microshutter), or any technology configured to control light transmission through a window). You can. The liquid crystal device may include a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer.

In some embodiments, the display construct may include at least one binder in the form of a layer. The binder may include at least one optically clear adhesive layer (abbreviated in this application as “ocA” layer). For example, the display construction may include two binder layers. The binder layer may have a thickness of at least about 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, or 1 mm. The binder layer may have a thickness of any value between the values previously described (e.g., about 0.2 mm to about 1 mm, about 0.2 mm to about 0.6 mm, or about 0.7 to about 1 mm). The binder thickness may be selected to sufficiently bond the components to form a high tolerance component that can be machine cut (e.g., has high die cutting machine tolerance) while minimizing weight, for example. You can. The binder can increase the durability and/or optical properties of the display member compared to a display member without a binder. The binder may be transparent (e.g., substantially and/or completely) (e.g., to visible light). The binder may be colorless. The binder may contact the (e.g., largest) surface of the display matrix and the (e.g., largest) surface of a pane of glass (e.g., a glass pane), thereby binding the display matrix to the pane. The binder may contribute minimally (eg, may not contribute) to optically and/or visually distorting the media displayed by the display.

In some embodiments, the pane(s), binder, and display matrix are cured prior to placement. Curing can be accomplished by UV light, moisture and/or heat. The curing method may be selected to preserve the functionality of the display matrix and minimize any optical distortion (eg, maximize transmission, reduce haze and/or gas interstitials such as voids). The binder can increase the durability of the display component. For example, the binder may reduce the brittleness of the display member and/or reduce its flammability. The binder may, for example, (i) minimize losses due to any Fresnel reflections, (ii) transmit all colors with minimal distortion through the display member, and/or (iii) preserve the image projected by the display member. This may facilitate adjusting the refractive index of the pane to the surrounding air (e.g., at the viewer's location) for improvement. Distortion of color can occur due to its passage through the binder, through the glass plate, and into the surrounding air. The display structure (eg, internal binder) may preserve and/or improve the operating temperature range of the display matrix. The binder may prevent one or more gases and/or debris (eg, dust or sebaceous) from reaching the display matrix. The display composition (eg, binder, glass and/or optional coating) can prevent physical disturbance to the display matrix (eg, due to contact). The contact may be direct contact by the user.

In some embodiments, the IGU and/or display construction may include a coating (eg, an anti-reflective coating). Coatings can improve the optical performance of the glass and/or display construction. Coatings can be applied to glass plates, binder layers, display matrices, and/or electrochromic components. The coating may be deposited in the form of an anti-reflective, anti-glare, anti-condensation, anti-scratch, anti-fouling, and/or UV-blocking treatment.

In some embodiments, the display member may include a seal. The seal may be disposed between two glasses of the display arrangement with a display matrix disposed between them. The seal may include a polymer/resin (eg, any polymer/resin disclosed herein). The seal may include a carbon-based (eg, organic) polymer or a silicon-based polymer. The seal may protect the display component from light (e.g., UV), humidity, oxygen, physical contact (e.g., physical damage), debris, and/or other environmental elements.

In some embodiments, the display construction is durable over a long-term lifespan. The expected lifespan may be at least about 2y, 5y, 10y, 15y, 25y, 50y, 75y, or 100y (years). The life expectancy can be any value between the values described above (e.g., from about 5 y to about 100 y, from about 2 y to about 25 y, from about 25 y to about 50 y, or from about 50 y to about 100 y). You can. The long-term life may be at least 20Kh, 30Kh, 50Kh, 100Kh, 500Kh or 1000Kh (thousand hours). The long-term lifespan of the display component may have any value between the values previously described (e.g., about 20 Kh to about 1000 Kh, about 20 Kh to about 100 Kh, or about 100 Kh to about 1000 Kh). The number of hours may mean, for example, the number of hours during which the display component operates for its intended purpose. The lifespan of a display component may vary depending on its operating time and/or certain environmental conditions (eg, UV light, humidity, and/or temperature of the location in which it is placed).

In some embodiments, the display configuration is a fixture (e.g., a window frame or wall) that holds the (e.g., tint-tunable) window, for example, by a fastening mechanism (also referred to herein as a “fastener”). ) is concluded. A fastener may include one or more components. For example, fasteners may include brackets, hinges, and covers. Fasteners may be permanent or impermanent. Non-permanent fasteners can be removed with manual labor and/or automatically. For example, a fastener may include one or more screws that fasten it to a window frame. Fasteners may include hinges and/or brackets. The hinge may be flexible. The bracket and/or cover (or any portion thereof) may be inflexible or inflexible. Fasteners (including, for example, hinges and/or brackets) may not be transparent. The fastener (eg, any of its components) may include an elemental metal, a metal alloy, an allotrope of elemental carbon, a polymer, or a composite material. At least two components of the fastener may be formed of (eg, substantially) the same type. At least two components of the fastener may be formed from different material types. The elemental metal may include aluminum. Metal alloys may include steel. The fastener may include a non-corrosive material. At least a portion of the fasteners (e.g., brackets and/or covers) may be used to form a display configuration, e.g., without (e.g., substantial) deformation over its intended life (e.g., as disclosed herein). It can be configured to support the weight of. The weight of the display component may be at least about 5 Kg, 10 Kg, 15 Kg, 20 Kg, 25 Kg, 30 Kg, 35 Kg, 40 Kg, or 50 kilograms (Kg). The display component may be any weight between those described above (e.g., 5 Kg to 50 Kg, 5 Kg to 25 Kg, or 25 Kg to 50 Kg). 3 shows that the display matrix 311 is disposed between the first pane 312 and the second pane 313 as part of the display member, and the L-shaped bracket is disposed between the two glass panes 312 and 313 to form the display member. Shows an example of a vertical cross-section (partial view shown) of the assembly 300 coupled to the L bracket 302 to the hinge 303.

The fastener may be configured for easy installation and/or removal of the display component from a support structure (eg, a window frame and/or wall). Removal may be for servicing, replacement and/or upgrading of any portion of the display component and/or structure (or any related device). For example, a fastener may allow (eg, facilitate) removal and/or insertion of a display member. For example, a fastener may allow (eg, facilitate) removal and/or insertion of a frame portion to which the fastener is attached. For example, a fastener may allow (e.g., facilitate) removal and/or insertion of a tint-tunable window supported by a frame to which the fastener is attached. Ease may mean low labor costs, low labor ratings (eg, low labor qualifications) and/or short working hours. The fastener may be configured to slide and/or lock for installation in a support structure (e.g., fixture).

In some embodiments, a connecting material is disposed between the display member and a fastener (eg, bracket and/or cover). The connection material may include a polymer (e.g., as disclosed herein). The connection material may include a sealing gasket. The connecting material may be cured (eg, by heat, humidity and/or UV). The connection material may have a low resistance. The connecting material may include at least one polymer and/or at least one resin. The connecting material has a low electrical resistance and may therefore be suitable for use as a packaging material in the electronics industry (e.g. smartphones, packaging, liquid crystal displays, personal computers, etc.). The connection material may include polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a very high bond (VHB) material (e.g., 3M VHB 4926), SR, or SRS-40P. The connecting material may include an acrylic material. The connecting material can maintain its properties and shape at ambient temperature. The tensile strength of the connecting material may be at least about 0.60 MPa, 0.63 MPa, 0.66 MPa, 0.68 MPa, or 0.70 megapascals (MPa). The shear strength of the connecting material may be at least about 0.54 MPa, 0.60 MPa, 0.620 MPa, 0.64 MPa, or 0.68 MPa. Shear strength may be less than tensile strength. The shear strength and/or tensile strength of a fastener (or any portion of the fastener to which the display member is connected by a connecting material (e.g., adhesive)), e.g., over the service life and/or time of use of the display member. This can make it easier to hold the display structure. The connecting material may be rigid and/or flexible. The connecting material may be an adhesive. The connecting material may be softer before curing and harder after curing. The connection material may be selected to support at least the load (e.g., weight) of the display member, for example, during constant and/or changing conditions (e.g., depending on its intended purpose). The bracket may include straight portions, curved portions, and/or corners. The bracket may not have corners. Brackets can be straight or curved. The bracket may include two straight portions (eg, two arms) that form an angle (eg, approximately). The angle may be a right or obtuse angle. The bracket may be “L” shaped. The arms of the bracket and/or cover may be disposed between the two panes, contact the display matrix, and/or contact the binder.

In some embodiments, the wiring is hidden from the user's view by a fastener (eg, or any component thereof). For example, the bracket and/or cover may hide one or more (eg, electrical) wires connected to the display matrix, for example from a user. Wiring may be connected to brackets and/or covers. The bracket and/or cover may include a recess configured to receive wire(s). In some embodiments, the cover and bracket are the same component (e.g., 531). The recess may be hidden from the user's view (eg, placed in the rear portion of the bracket and/or cover). Wire(s) may be connected to a display matrix (eg, a lighting array or LCD). Wire(s) may be connected to the controller. The controller may include a timing controller and/or microcontroller. Connecting material (e.g., connectors) may be disposed along the width of the display configuration (e.g., along fastener structure 104). The connecting material may be disposed along at least about 50%, 80%, or 90% of the width of the display member. The fastener may include a curved portion. The fastener may include a non-curved portion.

In some embodiments, the fastener includes a hinge. In some embodiments, the hinge includes two leaves connected by a joint that forms an axis about which the leaves are configured to move. The first leaf of the hinge may be operably coupled (eg, connected) to the bracket and/or cover. The second leaf of the hinge may be operably coupled (e.g., connected) to the fixture. The fixture can be a wall or window frame. The hinge may facilitate movement of the display member about the hinge axis. The joint may facilitate opening of the hinge to an acute, right, obtuse, flat angle (e.g., 180 ^o ), or a full rotation (e.g., ~360 ^o ). Fastening the hinge to the fixture and display assembly (eg, via a bracket and/or cover) facilitates movement of the display assembly about the axis of the hinge joint. Such movement may facilitate servicing the display component without disturbing the window (eg, IGU) and/or fixture. Maintenance may include, for example, cleaning, repairing and/or replacing the display component and any portions or components thereof.

In some embodiments, a fastener may include multiple components. The plurality of components may include brackets, covers, hinges, and/or boards. The display member may be coupled (eg, connected) to the bracket and/or cover. The bracket and/or cover may be coupled to one leaf of the hinge. The other leaf of the hinge may be indirectly coupled to the fixture by coupling the other hinge leaf directly to a board directly connected to the fixture. The board may include any of the fastener materials (eg, elemental metals and/or metal alloys) disclosed herein. A fastener may include multiple components of the same type. For example, a fastener may include a plurality of hinges, a plurality of brackets, a plurality of covers, and/or a plurality of boards. The plurality of fastener components may be at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, or 10 components (eg, of the same type or different types). A hinge may include a set of hinge components (e.g., knuckles and pintles). A fastener may include multiple sets of hinge components. A set of hinge components can be aligned to have a single hinge axis. The fastener may be formed of two rotating leaves about the axis of the hinged complement set. At least one (e.g., each) leaf may comprise a single slab that integrates half of a plurality of hinge components (e.g., a knuckle), thus, when two leaves are integrated, a plurality of functional hinges. A set of components is created (e.g., as shown in the example in Figure 37). In some embodiments, two leaves each having a hinge component to form a plurality of operative hinge components, each of the two leaves being formed from a single slab of material, can be configured to couple the display member to a plurality of individual fasteners each having a single set of hinges. Forms a stronger and/or more durable fastener compared to joining to. In some embodiments, two leaves each having a hinge component to form a plurality of operative hinge components, each of the two leaves being formed from a single slab of material, can be configured to couple the display member to a plurality of individual fasteners each having a single set of hinges. Forms a fastener that is easier to install, maintain and/or replace compared to joining to. In some embodiments, two leaves each having a hinge component to form a plurality of operative hinge components - each of the two leaves formed from a single slab - attach the display member to a plurality of separate fasteners each having a single set of hinges. Facilitates more accurate alignment of display elements compared to combining them. Such a single fastener may incorporate a heat exchanger (e.g., a fan), direct heat exchange (e.g., within the fastener and/or along the display component), and/or attach one or more circuit boards to the fastener. It provides additional benefits such as combining

In some embodiments, at least one leaf of the hinge includes one or more apertures. At least one of the one or more holes is configured to allow a screw to pass through to connect (e.g., reversibly) the hinge to a fixture (e.g., a window frame) and/or a bracket. The connection of the fastener (or any component thereof) to the display member and/or fixture (e.g., window frame) may be (I) irreversible (e.g., using a connecting material) or (II) reversible (e.g. For example, using more than one screw). The fixture and/or board may use both irreversible and reversible connections between itself and the display component. For example, a hinge may be reversibly connected to a window frame and irreversibly connected to a bracket. For example, a hinge may be reversibly connected to a bracket and irreversibly connected to a window frame. For example, a hinge may be reversibly connected to a window frame and reversibly connected to a bracket, which may be irreversibly connected (e.g., glued) to the display member. For example, a hinge may be reversibly connected to a wall and reversibly connected to a cover, and the cover may be irreversibly connected (e.g., glued) to the display member. For example, a hinge may be reversibly connected to the board and reversibly connected to a cover, and the cover may be irreversibly connected (e.g., glued) to the display member. The board may be reversibly (e.g., via screws) or irreversibly (e.g., via a binder (e.g., adhesive)) bonded to the fixture. 4 shows a first leaf 401 having a plurality of holes (e.g., 411) allowing movement of the screw in one direction and a second leaf having a plurality of holes allowing movement of the screw in a second direction. Shows a schematic example of a hinge 400 having 402, where the first direction may be perpendicular to the second direction. The hinge shown in Figure 4 has a joint 420 that facilitates rotation of the first leaf relative to the second leaf. In some embodiments, the first leaf has aperture(s) with a major axis in a first direction, and the second leaf has aperture(s) with a major axis in a second direction, and the first direction is aligned with the second direction. (e.g., the first direction may be perpendicular to the second direction). When the hinge is closed and the two leaves are positioned above and below each other, the relative orientation of the long axes can be measured. In some embodiments the bracket may be an extension of the leaf of the hinge. In some embodiments, the bracket may be coupled (e.g., fastened) to the leaf of the hinge, for example, reversibly (e.g., via screw(s)) or irreversibly (e.g., via adhesive). You can. In some embodiments, the cover may be an extension of the leaf of the hinge. In some embodiments, the cover may be coupled (e.g., fastened) to the leaf of the hinge, for example, reversibly (e.g., via screw(s)) or irreversibly (e.g., via adhesive). You can.

In some embodiments, the electrical circuitry is communicatively coupled to the display component. The electrical circuitry may (i) boost signals transmitted to the display matrix and/or (ii) transmit power from a power supply to reach the display matrix. In some embodiments, the circuitry may include touch screen circuitry. In some embodiments, the touchscreen circuitry may be separate (eg, placed on a touchscreen sensor cover). In some embodiments, circuitry may connect the touchscreen sensor(s) to a power supply. In some embodiments, the touchscreen circuitry may have a separate connector for the power supply.

5 shows an L bracket that is the first cover portion 501, a thermal pad 505, a flexible electrical connector such as a 506 (MXC) connector, a circuit portion 502 (e.g., a booster board), and a flexible insulator 503. ) and a second cover portion 504, showing an example of an assembly 520 connected to a display component 500 (shown in partial view); 510 shows a schematic bottom view of a circuit board with screws and connections, with which the circuit board is attached to the cover. Assembly 520 is shown from a different perspective at 530 and includes display component 536, flexible wiring (e.g., MXC) 535, and a first portion of cover 531, which is a bracket (shown in partial view). , gasket (e.g., flexible insulator) 533 (partially shown), circuitry 532 (partially shown), and a second portion of the cover 534 (partially shown). indicates). The flexible insulator may be a foam gasket (eg, poron). Flexible insulation can have a minimum compression of 25%. There may be one or more thermal pads disposed on the bracket. 5, in one embodiment, the L-bracket 501 is shown extending across the linear dimension of the transparent display (and attached to the cover glass 500), and the L-bracket 501 is the first It's a cover. In one embodiment, the length of bracket 501 may be up to about 10 feet. Circuitry (eg, a signal booster) may be connected to the display matrix by one or more flexible wires (eg, MXC). Sometimes, a plurality of circuit boards (eg, at least 2, 3, or 4 boards) may be disposed in the fastener (eg, between the first and second covers). Figure 5 shows an example of two circuit boards 502 and 507. One or more (eg, flexible) connectors may connect the circuit board to the flexible display matrix. The number of flexible connectors (eg, MXC) can be at least 2, 5, 6, 8 or 10. 5 shows examples of flexible connectors 516, 535, and 506. One or more (micro) cable bundles and/or (e.g., micro) coaxial cables connect (i) circuitry disposed in a fastener (e.g., a booster) to (ii) a controller (e.g., a timing controller). Can be combined. One or more (micro) cable bundles and/or (eg micro) coaxial cables may be connected by connectors to a circuit board (eg booster board). The number of electrical connectors (e.g., connector 630 (shown in partial view), e.g., IPLEX connector) between the circuit board and the controller may be at least 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5. Figure 5 shows an example of an electrical cable 513 connecting a board (eg, driver board) and a controller (eg, timing controller). One or more bundles of fine wires may connect a controller (eg, T-CON) to a booster board connected to a flexible connector (eg, MXC cable) to a display matrix (eg, TOLED). The organizer may be configured to secure, accommodate, and/or conceal cables and/or wires from view by a viewer of the display configuration.

The electrical circuitry (eg, any connecting cables thereof) may be at least partially shielded from the user's view by a fastener (or any component thereof, such as a hinge and/or board). The electrical circuit part (eg any connecting cable thereof) may be at least partially secured from contact by the user. Brackets, covers, boards and/or hinges may have openable portions. The openable portion may rotate about an axis (eg, the openable portion may rotate about an auxiliary hinge to facilitate rotation). A fastener may have one or more of its component types (e.g., one or more brackets, one or more covers, one or more boards, one or more primary hinges, and/or one or more secondary hinges). One or more components of the fastener may span the FLS of the display member and/or viewing window, or portion thereof. The openable and/or removable portion may facilitate servicing of the electrical circuitry (e.g., and any connecting cables thereof) without, for example, disassembling the fastener from the support structure and/or display member to which it is coupled. You can. The opening (with or without any secondary hinges) allows access to (i) the E-box and/or power supply box and (ii) the display element (e.g., the display element and/or touchscreen-related circuitry). ) may facilitate (e.g., reversible) disconnection of the connecting cabling between circuit parts attached to the circuit. Such (eg, reversible) cabling attachment and detachment may allow for replacement and/or servicing of the E-box and/or power supply without disassembling the fasteners from the support structure and/or display assembly. Such (eg, reversible) cabling attachment and detachment may allow replacement and/or servicing of display components and/or fasteners without disassembling the E-box and/or power supply unit. Such (e.g., reversible) cabling attachment and detachment allows for (e.g., disconnection) between (I) the display component-fastener assembly, and (II) the E-box and/or power supply unit. can do. Display Configuration - The fastener assembly may optionally include a touchscreen facilitator (eg, sensor and emitter panel). For example, openable and/or removable portions (e.g., auxiliary hinges) may facilitate servicing of the booster board or any cables and/or connectors connected thereto. Maintenance may include removal, repair, replacement and/or cleaning. For example, the board may have auxiliary openings that facilitate exposing at least a portion of the controller and/or wiring. Figure 10 shows an example of an auxiliary opening comprising portions 1017 and 1021 as part of a fastening system. A cushion may be disposed between the openable and/or removable portion and the electrical circuitry (eg, and any connecting cables thereof). The cushion may protect and/or prevent movement of the electrical circuitry (eg, and any of its connecting cables). Protection may be protection from light, temperature (eg, heat or cold), contact, humidity and/or oxygen. Cushions may include polymer foam (eg, polyurethane). The cushion may include a foam gasket. This cushion can help maintain a (e.g., reasonable) bend radius in the wire(s). The wiring may include, for example, microflex-complete (MXC) cable(s) to connect the circuitry to a controller (e.g., timing controller) and/or a power source. Wiring may be coupled to circuitry through one or more connectors (eg, IPEX or micro connectors). Micro connectors may connect circuitry (e.g., disposed in a fastener) to the display matrix. The circuit unit may include a booster board. A micro connector may have a plurality of wires bonded to an envelope, for example. Wiring may include coaxial cable(s).

In some embodiments, the fastener may include a regression that forms an opening. The return portion may be an auxiliary opening. The recess may be centered around the mid-length of the fastener. The return portion may or may not be covered. The covering of the return portion may or may not be reversible. For example, the cover may be an auxiliary hinge leaf. The cover may be bolted to the fastener using screws and/or clips. The fastener may include two hinge leaves that engage with a knuckle and pintle mechanism to form a hinge. The recess may be covered when the fastener is in its closed hinged position. (Note) The return portion can be (reversibly) covered when the fastener hinge is in its closed position. (Note) The return portion can be (reversibly) opened when the fastener hinge is in its open position. 10 shows a cover 17017 covering the opening of the fastener 1021. The width of the return (e.g., see FIG. 41, dashed arrow W _opening ) is up to about 95%, 90%, 80%, 70%, of the hinge leaf width (e.g., see FIG. 41, dotted arrow W _total ). It can be extended to 60%, 50%, 40% or 30%. The return portion may be directed from the edge of the hinge leaf toward its inner portion. The return may be an opening in the hinge leaf (eg a window in the hinge leaf) and has as its width, for example, the extension mentioned above. The length of the opening (e.g., the return portion, e.g., see FIG. 41, dashed arrow L _opening ) is up to about 60% of the total length of the hinge leaf (e.g., see FIG. 41, dotted arrow L _total ); It can be extended by 50%, 40%, 30%, 20% or 10%. The recess may extend in a width and/or length to facilitate connection and/or disconnection of any connectors coupling the circuit board to the display component and/or touchscreen-related devices (e.g., sensors and emitter panels). You can. The opening (eg, recess) may or may not be centered relative to the length and/or width of the fastener (or any hinge leaf thereof).

In some embodiments, the controller may include a timing controller (abbreviated as “T-CON” in this application). The timing controller may control the timing of operation of various components of the display matrix (e.g., when an LED in the display matrix turns on). The timing controller can convert between the video signals and the row and column driver signals required by the display matrix. Media signals can be transmitted to the T-CON board through communication interfaces such as low-voltage differential signaling (LVDS), Embedded DisplayPort (eDP), Mobile Industry Processor Interface (MIPI®), Display Serial Interface (DSI), or VX1. Circuitry (e.g., internal chip and/or controller) may include a 60Hz to 120Hz frame rate converter. The timing controller may refresh the charge at a rate that maintains signal uniformity, avoids decay, and/or maintains appropriate updates, for example, to minimize decay of the optical response of the LCD chemical(s) in response to the charge. there is. A controller (e.g., T-CON) may be positioned at a distance from the display element assembly including the display element and fastening system (e.g., fastener).

In some embodiments, the display component is operably coupled (e.g., connected by a wire) to a power supply. The circuitry is operably coupled (eg, connected by wiring) to a power supply. The connection may be direct or indirect. Indirect connections may be through circuitry (eg, boosters). The power supply may be an auxiliary power supply. The power supply may be coupled to a city power source (eg, a power plant) and/or a building power source (eg, a generator, solar cell(s), and/or wind turbine). The power source may be renewable and/or non-renewable. Power can be coupled to the BMS. The power source may be coupled to a network infrastructure (e.g., as disclosed herein). The power source may provide power at approximately 240V or 120V (e.g., household current) AC. The auxiliary power source may include a converter that reduces the voltage (e.g., up to about 24V, 48V, or 54 volts (V)). 6 shows an example of a perspective view of an assembly 600 including a display component and circuitry coupled to a fastener, with fastener 602 (partially shown) connected to wiring 603 (partially shown). It is coupled to the display member 601 (partial view shown) connected to a circuit portion (not shown) disposed in a fastener through a fastener (shown), and the wiring is fixed by a hook such as a hook 604. The hook may be a tie attachment. Figure 6 shows a perspective view of the hinge leaf 634 to which the wiring 633 is connected, the wiring being connected to the circuit portion 632, and the hinge leaf 634 is connected to the hinge leaf portion 635 (partial view shown). and a portion of the hinge leaf 636 connected to a fixture (not shown) by a screw 637. Hinge leaf portions 635 and 636 are part of the same hinge leaf. 6 shows an example side view of an assembly 620 including a fastener 662 coupled with a screw, e.g., 661, to a fixture (not shown), which extends from its body and fastens to a hook 666. It has a dangling wire 667 that is Wiring 667 connects (i) circuitry (not shown) disposed in fastener body 662 and (ii) display matrix 664 disposed between thicker glass 665 and thinner glass 663. It is connected to a display element (partially shown) containing the display element. 6 shows an example side view of assembly 612 (similar to 620) disposed in a vertical cross-section of window frame 610. Figure 6 shows an example of electrical wiring 630 that may be used in a display component assembly. The fastener may include a driver and/or booster board. Circuitry may facilitate data (eg, network communications) and/or power transmission.

The auxiliary power source can supply direct current (DC) voltage. Auxiliary power sources may be placed adjacent to the display component and/or IGU. Auxiliary power sources can be placed in window frames, walls, floors or ceilings. The controller of the display element may be located separately from its power supply. The shortest distance from (i) the display component, booster board, driver board and/or timing controller (e.g., T-CON) to (ii) the power supply is at least about 0.25 m, 0.5 m, 1 m, 1.5 m, 2 m. , 2.5m, 3m, 3.5m, 4m, 4.5m, 5m, 5.5m, 6m, 6.5m, 7m, 8m, 10m or 20 meters (m). The shortest distance from (i) the display component, booster board, driver board, and/or timing controller to (ii) the power supply is any value between the values previously described (e.g., about 0.25 to about 20 m, about 0.25 m to about 0.25 m). about 5 m, about 5 m to about 7 m, or about 7 m to about 20 m). For example, the shortest distance from (i) the driver and/or booster board to (ii) the power supply and/or T-CON is at least about 1.5 m, 2 m, 2.5 m, 3 m, 3.5 m, 4 m, 4.5 m, It can be 5m, 5.5m, 6m, 6.5m, 7m, 8m or 10m. The shortest distance from (i) the driver and/or booster board to (ii) the power supply and/or T-CON may be any value between the values described above (e.g., about 1.5 m to about 10 m, about 1.5 m about 5 m, or about 5 m to about 10 m). The shortest distance from (i) the display component and/or booster board to (ii) the power supply and/or T-CON may be any value between the values described above (e.g., about 5' to about 30', about 10' to about 25', or about 15' to about 20'). For example, the shortest distance from (i) the driver board and/or display component to (ii) the power supply and/or T-CON is at least about 5', 10', 15', 20', 25', 25'. , may be 30', 50', 100', 200' or 300' (feet). The shortest distance from (i) the display component and/or booster board to (ii) the power supply and/or timing controller may be any value between the values previously described (e.g., about 5' to about 300', about 10' to about 25', about 15' to about 20', about 20' to about 50', about 50' to about 200', or about 100' to about 300').

In some embodiments, the local controller may control viewing (e.g., tint-changing) windows (e.g., as part of an IGU) and/or display elements. The local controller may be part of a control network. The control network may be a hierarchical control network (eg, as disclosed herein). The hierarchy of controllers in a control network can be static or dynamic. The local controller may be placed adjacent to the display component and/or IGU. Local controllers can be placed on window frames, walls, floors or ceilings. In some embodiments, one local controller controls the viewing (e.g., tint-changing) window and the display element (e.g., media displayed by the display element). In some embodiments, separate controllers control the viewing (e.g., tint-changing) window and the display element (e.g., media displayed by the display element). Communication between the local controller and other components of the network interface may be wired and/or wireless. Wired communications may be coaxial cable, twisted pair, NM cable, underground feeder (UF) cable, Thermoplastic High Heat Resistant Nylon Coated (THHN) cabling, Thermoplastic Heat Resistant and Waterproof Nylon Coated (THWN) cabling, standard telephone wiring, or Category 3 (Cat 3) cabling. cable and/or Cat 5 cable. A control system (e.g., a local controller) may be communicatively coupled to the display component by wired and/or wireless communications (e.g., via a timing controller (T-CON)). For example, the display component may be connected to a local controller via one or more wires and/or wirelessly. For example, T-CON can be connected to a local controller through one or more wires. The shortest distance from (i) the display element and/or T-CON to (ii) the local controller is at least about 0.25 m, 0.5 m, 1 m, 1.5 m, 2 m, 2.5 m, 3 m, 3.5 m, 4 m, 4.5 m, 5 m. , 5.5m, 6m, 6.5m, 7m, 8m, 10 meters (m). The shortest distance from (i) the display component and/or T-CON to (ii) the local controller may be any value between the values previously described (e.g., about 0.25 m to about 10 m, about 0.25 m to about 5 m, about 5 m to about 7 m, or about 7 m to about 10 m). The distance may correspond to a minimum measure of the length of the wire (eg, when the display component is communicatively coupled to a local controller at least partially via the wire). The shortest distances between (I) the display component and the local controller and (II) the local controller to the power supply may be (e.g., substantially) the same. The shortest distances between (I) the display component and the local controller and (II) the local controller to the power supply may not be (e.g., substantially) the same. The shortest distances (I) between the timing controller and the local controller and (II) between the local controller to the power supply may be (eg, substantially) the same. For example, the shortest distance between (I) a timing controller and a local controller may be smaller than the distance between (II) a local controller and a power supply. For example, the shortest distance between (I) the timing controller and the local controller may be longer than the distance between (II) the local controller and the power supply. The shortest distances (I) between the timing controller and the local controller and (II) between the local controller to the power supply may not be (eg, substantially) the same. For example, the shortest distance between (I) a timing controller and a local controller may be smaller than the distance between (II) a local controller and a power supply. For example, the shortest distance between (I) the timing controller and the local controller may be greater than the distance between (II) the local controller and the power supply.

7 shows an example of a vertical cross-section of a display component portion coupled to circuitry and fasteners including: L-bracket 701 shown in cross-section, circuitry 702 (e.g., booster board), Cable(s) 703, foam gasket 704, screws 705, tape 706, first glass plate 707, adhesive (e.g., ocA) 708, display matrix 709, first 2 Glass plate 710, cover 714, bumper 712, adhesive 713, and viewing window 711 (partially shown). The display member may include a flexible bumper (e.g., polymer or resin) that separates it from the window (e.g., 711). The bumper may prevent (e.g., prevent cracking and/or breaking) glass-to-glass contact between the display member and the window (e.g., a tinted window) that could result in damage to the display member and/or window. . The bumper may increase safe motion, for example by rotating the display element about the hinge axis. In one embodiment of the cross section, the L bracket is defined by one or more right angles, although the angles may be other than 90 degrees. In the depicted embodiment, the L-bracket is attached to the cover glass (e.g. 707) via adhesive elements. In an embodiment, the adhesive element is an adhesive tape. In one embodiment, the adhesive tape includes a VHB type tape. In one embodiment, the adhesive element is a liquid or gel adhesive that bonds the L-bracket to the cover glass. The cover glass (eg, 707) may be plastic, glass, or other transparent material. In one example, the thickness of the cover glass may be about 4 mm, but may be thicker or thinner than 4 mm. The cover glass may be part of a display construction (e.g., a transparent display) and/or display elements (e.g., a transparent display) may be laminated to the cover glass. In the example shown in FIG. 7 , the second cover glass 710 is laminated to the transparent display element 709, that is, the transparent display element 709 (e.g., T OLED) is laminated to the cover glass 707. It is sandwiched between two cover glasses (710). The formed laminate structure may lie against a viewing window (e.g., 711) or may be parallel to, but spaced from, the viewing window. A laminate structure comprising a first glass pane 707, a display matrix 709, and a second glass pane 710 (e.g., a second glass cover) is a transparent display assembly (also referred to herein as a “display configuration”) ) can be considered.

In one embodiment, the adhesive element has sufficient strength to support the weight of the transparent display assembly. As shown, one side of the L-bracket (e.g., 701) is used as the surface of the adhesive element and at least this much of the surface area is attached to the transparent display assembly through the cover glass (e.g., 707).

As shown in the example shown in Figure 7, cover 714 is attached to L-bracket 701. In this example, L-bracket 701 includes the protruding portion of the vertical leg. A chamber is formed with the cover 714, and the circuit portion 702 for the display matrix is accommodated within the chamber. Circuitry 702 may be in the form of a circuit board (eg, driver and/or booster board). In one embodiment, the cover seals the electronic device from the environment via one or more gaskets. In one embodiment, L-bracket 701 is configured to provide movement and/or a physical connection between the frame of the window and the display member (see, e.g., Figure 1A). In one embodiment, circuitry 702 is coupled to the display matrix via one or more conductors, such as ribbon cables, flex circuits, and/or other wired connections 175. In certain embodiments, wired connection 175 (see FIG. 2B) may be a micro coaxial cable (e.g., see 802 in FIG. 8). In an embodiment, wired connection 802 may be terminated at the L-bracket with a multi-pin connector (see Figure 8, 803).

In some embodiments, the display component includes a touchscreen. The display element may include one or more optical sensors at its edges to facilitate operation of the touchscreen by the user(s). A touchscreen may receive tactile (e.g., touch) input from the user(s) and deliver an output response. The response may be functional, and the response may include visual, data, or sound changes. The touch screen can use a display matrix. The display component may be operably coupled to an information processing system (eg, including one or more processors, and/or a network interface). User(s) may utilize the information processing system through simple (eg, single) or multiple touch gestures by touching a pane of the display element facing the user(s). A touch may be using a special device (e.g., a stylus or electronic pen) or one or any part of the body (e.g., more fingers). Special devices can be adapted to the display configuration. Touchscreens include resistive touchscreens, surface acoustic wave touchscreens (e.g., using ultrasound), capacitive touchscreens, infrared grid touchscreens (e.g., using photodetectors), and optical imaging (e.g., using CMOS sensors). , an infrared acrylic projection (e.g., with infrared LEDs), a distributed signal touchscreen, or an acoustic pulse recognition touchscreen. The display configuration is improved according to the requirements of touchscreen technology. For example, if sensors (e.g., COMS) and/or projectors (e.g., LEDs) are required for a touchscreen, they may be used to form a display element, for example, by placing them inside a frame surrounding at least a portion of the display element. is added to

In some embodiments, the display member can act as a touchscreen. A frame may include one or more sensors disposed on or within the frame. The frame may include circuitry, one or more connectors (e.g., power supplies and/or network systems), and any optical components (e.g., reflectors, mirrors, prisms, beamsplitters, and/or lenses). . The sensor detects the presence or absence of a user's finger, stylus, marker, smart pen, and/or other marking and/or display device within the area bounded by the frame shape (e.g., the area spanning the surface of a transparent display assembly); It may be configured to detect location. Sensors may be positioned along and/or within the length of one or more frame portions (eg, within a channel defined by one or more frame portions). One or more frame portions may include sensors, circuits, and/or connections. One or more frame portions may include at least 1, 2, 3, or 4 frame portions (eg, 1012, 1019, and 1020). The frame portion may be a bezel. The frame portion may include a groove. The frame portion may be configured to hold the display member. The width of the frame portion groove may be configured to accommodate the width of the display member. In some embodiments, all edges (e.g., sides) of the display configuration may include a touchscreen frame. The circuit may process signals from the sensor and output signals indicating the location of the marking or indication device within the area bounded by the frame. The frame may include connections to other circuitry, including circuitry disposed on or coupled to the transparent display assembly (e.g., circuitry on an L-bracket). Circuitry may include, but is not limited to, one or more of the following: processor, memory, display, analog and/or digital circuitry.

The frame may provide a transparent display assembly with interactive display functionality (eg, white board functionality). The fixed or moving position of the user's finger or display device relative to the transparent display may be detected by the frame's sensor within an area bounded by the frame, and a signal indicating the position may be generated by the frame's circuitry. The signal indicating the location within the area bounded by the frame may include a signal compatible with the display technology of the display. In some embodiments, signals indicative of location within an area bounded by a frame include, but are not limited to, universal serial bus (USB) and/or high definition multimedia interface (HDMI) signals. Signals indicative of the fixed or moved position of the user's finger or of the display device within the frame area may be processed by software and/or circuitry associated with the frame and/or transparent frame assembly. The processed signal can be displayed on a transparent display assembly, for example in the form of a representation (eg written, printed, shaped) in a fixed or moving position. Software associated with the frame and/or transparent display may be used to: (i) display the detected position of a user's finger or other display device on another display or device; (ii) interact with the transparent display and frame by two or more users; , (iii) exporting displayed content, (iv) importing display content, (v) clearing displayed content, and/or (vi) selecting display colors. there is. In one embodiment, the frame may include one or more commercially available touchscreens (e.g., from FlatFrog USA Inc., 333 West San Carlos Street, San Jose, CA 95110).

10 shows an example of a display assembly 1010, where the components of the fastener include a leaf 1021, main hinges 1018 and 1015 that allow rotation of the display assembly about its axis, and circuitry 1016 (e.g. and an auxiliary hinge (including portion 1017) that facilitates exposure of a portion of the booster board and/or driver board. Leaf 1021 has an opening that facilitates accessing circuitry 1016 through an opening covered by hinged leaf 1017. The display member 1010 is framed by a touch screen sensor array 1013 and protective covers 1012 and 1019 that cover the sensor array in the protective frame. Display assembly 1050 shows a touchscreen sensor array covered and assembled (1052) with display assembly 1050 and assembled fasteners 1056. In some examples, there is no auxiliary hinge (e.g., 1017) (e.g., as in Example 3504). In some embodiments, the fastener (including the main hinge) has an opening through which at least a portion of the circuitry (e.g., PCB) is visible and/or accessible. For example, at least some of the connectors of the circuitry may be visible and/or accessible through the opening. For example, at least some of the connectors between the circuitry and the display component may be visible and/or accessible through the opening (e.g., in the circuitry 3530 (e.g., including the booster and/or driver board) An opening 3504 (see FIG. 35) that allows viewing of the attached connector 3509).

In one embodiment, the fastener includes one or more portions (eg, a hinge) configured to provide a physical connection of the transparent display to the window. In one embodiment, one or more portions of the fastener are configured to provide movement between the transparent display and the light of the window (e.g., using a hinge of the fastener).

Referring to Figure 4, in one embodiment, the L-bracket includes one or more hinges, for example hinge 400. In one embodiment, the hinge includes a plurality of elongated holes or slots. In one embodiment, the elongation axis of at least one of the plurality of apertures is perpendicular to the elongation axis of at least one other aperture of the plurality of apertures. This allows for a method of installing a transparent display assembly to a window frame. For example, one or more hinges (e.g., 400) are mounted to the window frame through an aperture that provides a distance at which the transparent display assembly will be from the window (e.g., 711). Prior to mounting, an L-bracket (e.g., 701) pre-mounted on the transparent display assembly may be attached to the other leg of one or more hinges (e.g., 400), which may attach to the other legs of the hinge. A plurality of other orthogonal apertures provide for centration of the L-bracket/transparent display element within the viewable area of the window between the frame elements.

7 , in one embodiment, one or more hinges have a joint 750 connecting a first hinge leaf 752 and a second hinge leaf 753 shown in a closed position 791. The open position is shown at 720, with dashed arrows 790 indicating the relative movement of the first hinge leaf, which may be referred to herein as the “first leg” and the second hinge leaf It may be referred to in this application as the “second leg”. The first leg may be coupled to or include a bracket. Fasteners including hinge leaves 752 and 753 are coupled to display member 754 (shown in partial view) and window 751 (shown in partial view). The second leg may be coupled to the window frame 755. In one embodiment, the one or hinge is configured to allow the transparent display assembly to move toward or away from the viewing window. In one embodiment, the movement rotates about a longitudinal axis, i.e. a pivot. In one embodiment, circuitry 757 (e.g., a booster and/or driver board), a conductor 758, such as a ribbon cable, and/or coupling the transparent display to the circuitry during movement of the transparent display relative to the viewing window. No movement of the transparent display assembly relative to other wiring elements used in the display occurs. FIG. 7 shows an example of a display member 784 (partial view shown) coupled to a first hinge leaf 782 . Hinge leaf 782 is coupled by a joint 780 to a second hinge leaf 783 which is coupled to a cover 785 which is coupled to a window frame for window 781 (shown in partial view).

This configuration provides a longer electrical connection between the display and the controller (e.g., T-CON) because the connection is not subject to movement and friction associated with movement of the transparent display and fastener (e.g., bracket) assembly. Provides longevity.

Referring to Figure 8, in one embodiment, a seal is provided along at least three edges of a transparent display assembly, such as along the edges of a laminate assembly as described herein. In embodiments, the seal is in the form of a silicone or other clear plastic, resin, or other polymer cap (or bumper) that is installed over the edge of the laminate transparent assembly and seals the unit. The seal may provide a bumper function between the second cover glass (e.g., FIG. 7, 710) and the window (e.g., FIG. 7, 711). 8 shows a display member 580 and a seal applied according to arrows 811, 812, 813 along three sides of the display member 850 using, for example, an applicator (e.g., a syringe gun) 810. An example of a perspective view of wealth is shown. Display member 850 is coupled to fastener 530 , over which wires 802 connect the display matrix of the display member with circuitry disposed in the fastener (now shown). Display assembly 850 also includes a vertical cross-section of a portion of the display assembly including thicker glass plate 804, thinner glass plate 805, adhesive layers 806 and 808, display matrix 807, and seal 809. It is shown in the example of Figure 8 as 830. The seal may protrude from the glass plate and/or may act as a bumper. The protrusions of the seal may be random or directional. For example, the protrusion may be directed toward one side of the display element (e.g., intended to touch a window). The protrusions of the seal may be (eg, substantially) uniform or non-uniform (eg, toward a side of the display configuration).

Figure 9 shows an example of a cover 903 (shown in cross section) that can be used to conceal the L-bracket 904 from view. Cover 903 may be removably attached to window frame 905. Power and communications may be transferred to the transparent display assembly via wires 906, which in this example are housed within window frame 905. The L-bracket may allow servicing or replacement of the transparent display, and/or servicing or replacement of any circuitry (eg, disposed in a fastener of which the bracket is a part). 9 shows an example of a transparent display assembly having a display configuration including a pane 907 (e.g., a glass pane), a display matrix 908, and a pane 902 (e.g., a glass pane), wherein the display The construct is coupled to or includes frame 905. A frame may include parts that are joined or configured to be joined to each other. A frame may contain at least three (3) parts. The frame may include a shape that matches (e.g., approximates) the shape of at least a portion of the perimeter of the display member (e.g., a transparent display assembly). The frame may be coupled or attached to the side (or edge) of a display member (eg, a transparent display assembly). In one embodiment, the frame portions are joined together to form a frame shape, for example after the frame portions are coupled to a display member (e.g., a transparent display assembly). In one embodiment, the frame portions may be joined together to form a frame shape, for example, before the frame portions are coupled to a display configuration (e.g., a transparent display assembly). A display member (eg, a transparent display assembly) may be located within an area bounded by the frame shape. The frame portion may include channels therein configured to receive and/or retain the sides of the transparent display assembly (eg, U-shaped channels).

9 shows an example of a window frame (e.g., jamb) portion 951 to which a fastener 953 is attached (the fastener includes a hinge/lock 952). Fastener 953 is coupled to display member 954 (partially shown) and integrated glass unit 961 (IGU) (partially shown) comprising: a first pane ( 955), a sealed environment 957, a second pane 956, and an electrochromic composition 958 disposed on the pane 956. The enclosed environment of the IGU may be an insulated, sealed (e.g., hermetically sealed) and/or inert environment. 9 illustrates a power unit and/or controller (e.g., timing controller) disposed in frame portion 951 and collectively designated at 959 and a display configuration 954 from an environment external to window frame 951. An example of a moving electrical wire and/or communication path 960 is shown. Electrical wiring and/or communication paths may travel to the IGU through the window frame. Electrical wiring and/or communication paths may travel to the IGU through the controller and/or power assembly. The pane may be a transparent hard material (eg, glass or a polymer such as plastic). Transparency can be transparent, at least in the wavelengths to which the average human viewer is sensitive.

The present invention should not be limited by the embodiments, aspects and advantages disclosed above as other embodiments, aspects and advantages are within the scope of the present invention including one or more of the following. In one embodiment, the invention includes a structure (e.g., a fastener), wherein the structure (e.g., a fastener) includes a first portion and a second portion, the first and second portions being connected to each other. It is configured to move about. In one embodiment, the structure includes one or more brackets. In one embodiment, the structure includes one or more hinges. In one embodiment, the structure includes one or more electrical connectors. In one embodiment, the electrical connector includes a micro coaxial cable. In one embodiment, the electrical connector includes one or more ribbon cables. In one embodiment, the structure is configured to be mounted to a display configuration (e.g., comprising a transparent display). In one embodiment, the transparent display is a T. OLED display. In one embodiment, a display construction (e.g., including a transparent display) includes one or more optically clear glass, cured polymer (e.g., plastic), or cured resin. In one embodiment, the structure includes one or more electronic circuits configured to communicate with a display matrix (eg, a transparent display matrix). In one embodiment, the structure is configured to be mounted on a frame. In one embodiment, the frame includes a window frame. In one embodiment, the structure is configured to mount to the FLS (e.g., length) of a transparent display. In one embodiment, the structure includes a length, and the length is from about 0.1 feet to about 10 feet. In one embodiment, the first portion of the fastener includes at least one bracket and the second portion of the fastener includes one or more hinges. In one embodiment, the structure includes a display matrix and an adhesive element, the display matrix being mounted to the first portion and/or the second portion, for example via the adhesive element. In one embodiment, the adhesive element includes adhesive tape. In one embodiment, the adhesive tape includes VHB tape. In one embodiment, the first portion of the fastener and/or the second portion of the fastener are configured to be mounted to a viewing window (eg, a variable tint window). In one embodiment, a first portion of the fastener is configured to be mounted to the display member and a second portion is configured to be mounted to a window, wherein the second portion includes a hinge. In one embodiment, the hinge includes a plurality of elongated holes, wherein an elongation axis of at least one of the plurality of holes is perpendicular to an elongation axis of another one of the plurality of holes.

In one embodiment, the invention includes a frame. The frame may include a transparent display and fasteners (including brackets) configured to provide movement and physical connection between the frame and a display member (e.g., including a transparent display). In one embodiment, the frame includes a window frame. In one embodiment, the bracket includes an L-bracket, and the L-bracket is coupled to the frame and display configuration (eg, including a transparent display). In one embodiment, the bracket is coupled to the transparent display via an adhesive structure. In one embodiment, the adhesive structure includes adhesive tape. In one embodiment, the bracket includes one or more hinges. In one embodiment, the hinge is configured to provide movement of a display configuration (e.g., including a transparent display) relative to a fixture (e.g., a window frame). In one embodiment, movement includes rotational movement. In one embodiment, movement is about a horizontal axis. In one embodiment, movement is about a vertical axis. In one embodiment, the frame includes a light (eg, a window pane). In one embodiment, the bracket is configured to move the face of the transparent display closer to or against the face of the light. In one embodiment, the frame defines an interior area (e.g., the surface of a window within the frame), and the transparent display includes a height and width that define an area that fits within the interior area. In one embodiment, the area of the display configuration (e.g., including the transparent display) fits (e.g., substantially) within all of the interior area. In one embodiment, the area of the transparent display fits within half or less than half of the interior area. In one embodiment, the structure includes one or more conductors, ribbon cables and/or connectors, wherein the one or more conductors, ribbon cables and/or connectors provide electrical connection between the control and the transparent display.

In some embodiments, an assembly is formed having a display component and a fastener. The display member may be attached to at least a component of a fastener, such as a bracket. 11 shows an example of a stage that constitutes an assembly of a display member and fasteners. At 1110, display member 1112 has an area 1112 designated for adhesive application. At 1120, adhesive is applied to an adhesive designated area according to an arrow, e.g., arrow 1121. At 1130, a fastener 1131 (e.g., an L bracket) is placed in an adhesive designated area where the adhesive applied thereon is disposed. Items 1121, 1131, and 1112 illustrate portions of the display configuration. The fastener and display component may be placed in the same plane or different planes. At least some of the fasteners may be disposed in the same plane or different planes relative to the display configuration. The display member may be coupled to the fastener at an angle (e.g., as shown in FIGS. 12 and 1210). The display member and fastener may form a single plane (e.g., as shown at 1220). 12 shows an example of display member 1211 forming an angle with fastener 1218 and display member 1221 forming a planar plane with fastener 1228. The display component may include an illumination entity (eg, an LED) that illuminates more in one direction than the other (eg, more in the forward direction than in the rear direction). An image displayed by a display matrix may be clearly viewable on one side of the display matrix than on the opposite side. The display arrangement may include two display matrices of illumination entities (eg, LED matrices) arranged back to back. At least one of the two display matrices (e.g., each) may be arranged with its more illuminating side facing away from the rear (and toward the viewer) and its less illuminating side facing back (and away from the viewer). You can. Back-to-back arrangement of display matrices in a display element can facilitate viewing clear images on both sides of the display element. Display configurations with back-to-back display matrices may utilize flat fasteners (e.g., 1228). In some embodiments, two display elements may be configured such that at least one (e.g., each) of the display elements has its more illuminated side facing away from the rear (and toward the viewer) and its less illuminated side facing away from the rear (and towards the viewer). They can be placed adjacent to each other in a back-to-back configuration, facing backwards (and away from the viewer). Two back-to-back display elements can be assembled using flat fasteners (e.g., 1228) to fasten both display elements to a structure (e.g., fixture).

In some embodiments, the window is placed in the enclosure. In some embodiments, the enclosure includes an area defined by at least one structure. At least one structure may include at least one wall. An enclosure may contain and/or surround one or more sub-enclosures. At least one wall is made of metal (e.g. steel), clay, stone, plastic, glass, plaster (e.g. gypsum), polymer (e.g. polyurethane, styrene or vinyl), asbestos, or fiberglass. , concrete (e.g., reinforced concrete), wood, paper, or ceramics. At least one wall may include wire, brick, block (e.g., cinder block), tile, drywall, or framing (e.g., steel framing).

In some embodiments, the enclosure includes one or more openings. One or more openings may be reversibly closable. One or more openings may be permanently open. The primary length scale of the one or more openings may be smaller compared to the primary length scale of the wall(s) defining the enclosure. The basic length scale may include the diameter, length, width, or height of the bounding circle. The surface of one or more openings may be smaller compared to the surface of the wall(s) defining the enclosure. The open surface may be a percentage of the total surface of the wall(s). For example, the open surface may amount to about 30%, 20%, 10%, 5% or 1% of the wall(s). Wall(s) may include a floor, ceiling or side walls. The closable opening may be closed by at least one window or door. The enclosure may be at least part of a facility. The enclosure may include at least a portion of a building. The building may be a private building and/or a commercial building. A building may contain one or more floors. A building (e.g., its floors) may include at least one of the following: a room, a hall, a lobby, an attic, a basement, a balcony (e.g., an interior or exterior balcony), a stairwell, a hallway, an elevator shaft, Facades, mezzanines, penthouses, garages, verandas (e.g. enclosed verandas), terraces (e.g. enclosed terraces), cafeterias and/or ducts. In some embodiments, the enclosure may be stationary and/or mobile (eg, a train, airplane, ship, vehicle, or rocket).

Certain disclosed embodiments provide network infrastructure in an enclosure (e.g., a facility, such as a building). Network infrastructure can be used for a variety of purposes, such as providing communications and/or power services. Communication services may include high bandwidth (eg, wireless and/or wired) communication services. Communication services may be provided to residents of the facility and/or to users outside the facility (e.g., building). The network infrastructure may operate in conjunction with or partially replace the infrastructure of one or more cellular carriers. Network infrastructure may be provided in facilities that include electrically switchable windows. Examples of network infrastructure components include high-speed backhaul. The network infrastructure may include at least one cable, switch, physical antenna, transceiver, sensor, transmitter, receiver, radio, processor and/or controller (which may include a processor). The network infrastructure may be operably coupled to and/or include a wireless network. Network infrastructure may include cabling. One or more sensors may be placed (e.g., installed) in the environment as part of and/or after network installation. The network infrastructure may be configured to facilitate at least third generation (3G), fourth generation (4G), or fifth generation (5G) cellular communications. The network may be configured to facilitate media transmission (eg, presentations, presentations, or video (eg, movies) transmission). A network may be configured for simultaneous data and power communication (e.g., over the same cable, such as a coaxial cable).

In some embodiments, the enclosure includes one or more sensors. Sensors determine whether the occupants of the enclosure are more comfortable, happier, more beautiful, healthier, more productive (e.g. in terms of the occupants' work capacity), easier to live with (e.g. at work), or any combination thereof. It is possible to facilitate environmental control of the enclosure so that the environment can be maintained. The sensor(s) may consist of low-resolution or high-resolution sensors. A sensor may provide an on/off indication of the occurrence and/or presence of a particular environmental event (e.g., a single pixel sensor).

In various embodiments, the network infrastructure supports a control system for one or more viewing windows, such as electrochromic (eg, tint-changing) windows. A control system may include one or more controllers operably coupled (eg, directly or indirectly) to one or more windows. In some embodiments, electrochromic windows are examples of optically switchable windows, tint-tunable windows, and/or smart windows. The concepts disclosed in this application may be applied to other types of switchable optical devices, including, for example, liquid crystal devices or suspended particle devices. For example, a liquid crystal device and/or a suspended particle device may be implemented instead of, or in addition to, an electrochromic device.

In some embodiments, a tint-tunable window exhibits a change (e.g., controllable and/or reversible) in at least one optical property of the window, e.g., when a stimulus is applied. Stimulation may include optical, electrical and/or magnetic stimulation. For example, stimulation may include an applied voltage. One or more tint-tunable windows may be used to control lighting and/or glare conditions, for example by adjusting the transmission of solar energy propagating through them. One or more tinted windows may be used to control the temperature within a building, for example by regulating the transmission of solar energy propagating through them. Control of solar energy can control the heat load applied to the interior of a facility (e.g., a building). Control may be manual and/or automatic. Controls may be used to maintain one or more desired (eg environmental) conditions, such as occupant comfort. Controls may include reducing energy consumption of heating, ventilation, air conditioning and/or lighting systems. At least two of heating, ventilation and air conditioning may be driven by separate systems. At least two of heating, ventilation and air conditioning can be driven by one system. Heating, ventilation and air conditioning may be driven by a single system (abbreviated in this application as “HVAC”). In some cases, a tint-tunable window may be responsive to (eg, communicatively coupled to) one or more environmental sensors and/or user controls. The tint-tunable window may include (eg, may be an electrochromic window) an electrochromic window. Windows may be located ranging from the interior to the exterior of a structure (e.g., facility, e.g., building). However, this is not necessarily the case. Tunable windows may operate using liquid crystal devices, suspended particle devices, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) devices (e.g., microshutters), or any technology configured to control light transmission through the window. Windows (e.g., with a MEMS device for color change) are disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 14, entitled "MULTI-PANE WINDOWS INCLUDING ELECTROCHROMIC DEVICES AND ELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS DEVICES," filed May 15, 2015. /443,353, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. In some cases, one or more viewing (e.g., variable-tint) windows may be located inside a building, for example, between conference rooms and hallways. In some cases, one or more viewing (eg, tint-changing) windows may be used in place of passive and/or non-tinting windows, for example, in automobiles, trains, aircraft and other vehicles.

In some embodiments, the tint-tunable window includes an electrochromic device (referred to herein as an “EC device” (abbreviated herein as ECD) or “EC”). The EC device may include at least one coating comprising at least one layer. At least one layer may include an electrochromic material. In some embodiments, the electrochromic material exhibits a change from one optical state to another, for example when a potential is applied across the EC device. The transition of an electrochromic layer from one optical state to another can be achieved, for example, by reversible, semireversible or irreversible ion insertion (e.g. by intercalation) into the electrochromic material and the corresponding It can be caused by injection of charge-balancing electrons. For example, the transition of an electrochromic layer from one optical state to another may involve, for example, reversible ion insertion (e.g., by intercalation) into the electrochromic material and the formation of corresponding charge-balancing electrons. Can be caused by injection. Reversible may refer to the expected lifetime of the ECD. By semi-reversible we mean a measurable (e.g., noticeable) deterioration of the reversibility of the tint of the window over one or more tint change cycles. In some cases, some of the ions responsible for the optical transition become irreversibly bound to the electrochromic material (e.g., and thus the induced (altered) color state of the window is not reversible to its original color state. ). In various EC devices, at least some (e.g., all) of the irreversibly bound ions can be used to compensate for the “blind charge” of the material (e.g., ECD).

In some implementations, suitable ions include cations. Cations may include lithium ions (Li+) and/or hydrogen ions (H+) (i.e., protons). In some implementations, other ions may be suitable. Intercalation of cations (eg, metals) can be achieved into the oxide. Changes in the intercalation state of ions (e.g. cations) into the oxide can cause visible changes in the hue (e.g. color) of the oxide. For example, oxides can transition from a colorless to a tinted state. For example, intercalation of lithium ions into tungsten oxide (WO3-y(0 < y ≤ ~ 0.3)) can cause the tungsten oxide to change from a transparent state to a colored (e.g., blue) state. The EC device coating as described in this application is located within the viewable portion of the tint-tunable window such that tinting of the EC device coating can be used to control the optical state of the tint-tunable window.

FIG. 13 shows an example of a schematic cross-section of an electrochromal change component 1300 according to some embodiments. The EC device coating consists of a substrate 1302, a transparent conductive layer (TCL) 1304, an electrochromic layer (EC) 1306 (sometimes referred to as a cathode color layer or cathode color change layer), and an ion conductive layer or region (IC). 1308 , attached to a counter electrode layer (CE) 1310 (sometimes referred to as an anode coloring layer or anode discoloration layer) and a second TCL 1314 . Elements 1304, 1306, 1308, 1310, and 1314 are collectively referred to as electrochromic stack 120. A voltage source 1316 operable to apply a potential across the electrochromic stack 1320 affects the transition of the electrochromic coating, for example from a clear state to a tinted state. In another embodiment, the order of the layers is reversed with respect to the substrate. That is, the layers are in the following order: substrate, TCL, counter electrode layer, ion conducting layer, electrochromic material layer, TCL.

In various embodiments, the ion conductor region (e.g., 1308) may be formed from a portion of the EC layer (e.g., 1306) and/or a portion of the CE layer (e.g., 1310). In such embodiments, an electrochromic stack (e.g., 1320) may be deposited to include a cathode colored electrochromic material (EC layer) in direct physical contact with an anode colored counter electrode material (CE layer). An ion-conducting zone (sometimes referred to as an interfacial zone, or ion-conducting substantially electronically insulating layer or zone) may be formed where the EC layer and the CE layer meet, for example, through heating and/or other processing steps. . Examples of electrochromic devices (including, for example, those fabricated without depositing a separate ion conductor material) include U.S. Patent Application No. 13/, entitled "ELECTROCHROMIC DEVICES," filed May 2, 2012; 462,725, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. In some embodiments, the EC device coating may include one or more additional layers, such as one or more passive layers. Passive layers can be used to improve certain optical properties, provide moisture, and/or provide scratch resistance. These and/or other passive layers may serve to hermetically seal EC stack 120. Various layers, including transparent conductive layers (eg, 1304 and 1314), may be treated with anti-reflective and/or protective layers (eg, oxide and/or nitride layers).

In certain embodiments, the electrochromic device is configured to reversibly cycle (e.g., substantially) between a clear state and a tinted state. Reversible may refer to within the expected life of the ECD. The expected lifespan may be at least about 2y, 5y, 10y, 15y, 25y, 50y, 75y, or 100y (years). The life expectancy can be any value between the values described above (e.g., from about 5 y to about 100 y, from about 2 y to about 25 y, from about 25 y to about 50 y, or from about 50 y to about 100 y). You can. When the window is in the first color state (e.g., clear), the available ions in the stack that can cause the electrochromic material (e.g., 1306) to be in a color-changed state are primarily directed to the counter electrode (e.g., A potential may be applied to the electrochromic stack (e.g., 1320) such that the potential is present at 1310). When the potential applied to the electrochromic stack is reversed, ions may be transported across the ion conducting layer (e.g., 1308) into the electrochromic material and the material is in a second color state (e.g., a color changed state). It can be allowed to enter.

It should be understood that references to transitions between cleared and tinted states are non-limiting and suggest only one example among many of electrochromic transitions that may be implemented. Unless otherwise specified in this application, whenever a clear-to-tint transition is mentioned, the corresponding device or process includes other optical state transitions such as non-reflective-reflective and/or transparent-opaque. In some embodiments, the terms “clear” and “decolorized” refer to an optically neutral state, such as non-discoloring, transparent and/or translucent. In some embodiments, the “color” or “hue” of an electrochromic transition is not limited to any wavelength or range of wavelengths. Selection of appropriate electrochromic materials and counter electrode materials can govern the associated optical transitions (e.g., from a color-changed state to a non-color-changed state).

In certain embodiments, at least some (e.g., all) of the materials that make up the electrochromic stack are inorganic, solid (i.e., solid), or both inorganic and solid. Since various organic materials tend to deteriorate over time, especially when exposed to heat and UV light, such as in tinted building windows, inorganic materials offer the advantage of a reliable electrochromic stack that can function over a long period of time. . In some embodiments, solid-phase materials can provide the advantage of minimal contamination and minimizing leakage problems as sometimes occur with liquid-phase materials. One or more layers of the stack may contain a predetermined (e.g., measurable) amount of organic material. The ECD or any portion thereof (e.g., one or more layers) may contain little or no measurable organic matter. The ECD or any portion of the ECD (e.g., one or more layers) may contain one or more liquids, which may be present in negligible amounts. Minor may be up to about 100 ppm, 10 ppm or 1 ppm of ECD. The solid material may be deposited (or otherwise formed) using one or more processes using a liquid component, such as sol-gel, physical vapor deposition, and/or certain processes using chemical vapor deposition.

FIG. 14 shows an example of a cross-sectional view of a tint-tunable window implemented in an insulated glass unit (“IGU”) 1400 according to some implementations. When provided for installation in a building, it is desirable for the IGU to serve as a base component for retaining the electrochromic panes (also referred to herein as "lites" and in the singular "lite"). You can. IGU lights can be single board or multi-board configurations. The light may comprise a laminate of two substrates, for example. IGUs (eg, having a double or triple pane configuration) can offer a number of advantages over single pane configurations. For example, a multi-pane glass configuration may provide improved thermal insulation, noise isolation, environmental protection, and/or durability compared to a single pane configuration. Multi-pane glass configurations can provide increased protection against ECD. For example, an electrochromic film (e.g., as well as associated layers and conductive interconnects) may be formed on the interior surface of a multi-pane IGU and inert gas in the interior volume (e.g., 1408) of the IGU. It can be protected by charging. Inert gas filling can provide at least some (thermal) insulation for the IGU. Electrochromic IGUs can have heat-blocking capabilities, for example, thanks to a tint-tunable coating that absorbs (and/or reflects) heat and light.

In some embodiments, an “IGU” includes two (or more) substantially transparent substrates. For example, an IGU may include two glass plates. At least one substrate of the IGU may include an electrochromic device disposed thereon. A separator may be placed between one or more panes of the IGU. The IGU may, for example, be a hermetically sealed construction with an internal compartment isolated from the surrounding environment. A “window assembly” may include an IGU. A “window assembly” may include a (eg, free-standing) laminate. A “window assembly” may include one or more electrical leads to connect, for example, an IGU and/or laminate. Electrical leads may operably couple (e.g., connect) one or more electrochromic devices to a voltage source, switch, etc., and may include a frame that supports an IGU or laminate. The window assembly may include a window controller and/or components of the window controller (e.g., a dock).

FIG. 14 shows an example implementation of an IGU 1400 including a first pane 1404 having a first surface S1 and a second surface S2. In some implementations, the first surface S1 of the first pane 1404 faces an external environment, such as outdoors or an outdoor environment. IGU 200 also includes a second pane 1406 having a first surface S3 and a second surface S4. In some implementations, the second surface (e.g., S4) of the second pane (e.g., 1406) is positioned within an interior, such as the interior environment of a house, building, vehicle, or compartment thereof (e.g., an interior enclosure such as a room). towards the environment

In some implementations, the first and second panes (e.g., 1404 and 1406) are transparent or translucent, for example, to light in at least the visible spectrum. For example, each of the panes (eg, 1404 and 1406) may be formed from a glass material. Glass materials may include architectural glass and/or shatterproof glass. The glass may contain silicon oxide (SO _x ). Glass may include soda-lime glass or float glass. The glass may contain at least about 75% silica (SiO ₂ ). Glass may contain oxides such as Na ₂ O, or CaO. The glass may contain alkali or alkaline earth oxides. Glass may contain one or more additives. The first and/or second pane may comprise any material having suitable optical, electrical, thermal and/or mechanical properties. Other materials (e.g., substrates) that may be included in the first and/or second panes include plastic, semi-plastic and/or thermoplastic materials, such as poly(methyl methacrylate), polystyrene, polycarbonate, allyl glycol carbonate, styrene acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN), poly(4-methyl-1-pentene), polyester and/or polyamide. The first and/or second panes may include a mirror material (eg, silver). In some implementations, the first and/or second pane may be strengthened. Strengthening may include tempering, heating and/or chemical strengthening.

In some embodiments, sensor(s) are operably coupled to at least one controller and/or processor. Sensor readings may be obtained by one or more processors and/or controllers. The controller may include a processing unit (eg, CPU or GPU). The controller may receive input (eg, from at least one sensor). The controller may include circuitry, electrical wiring, optical wiring, sockets, and/or outlets. The controller can deliver output. A controller may include multiple (eg, sub) controllers. A controller may be part of a control system. The control system may include a master controller, a floor controller (including, for example, a network controller), and a local controller. The local controller may be a window controller (eg, an optically switchable window control), an enclosure controller, or a component controller. For example, a controller may be part of a hierarchical control system (e.g., directing one or more controllers, e.g., a floor controller, a local controller (e.g., a window controller), an enclosure controller, and/or a component controller. (includes main controller). In a hierarchical control system, the physical location of controller types can change. For example: Initially: a first processor may assume the role of main controller, a second processor may assume the role of floor controller, and a third processor may assume the role of local controller. Second: the second processor may assume the role of the main controller, the first processor may assume the role of the floor controller, and the third processor may maintain the role of the local controller. Thirdly: the third processor may assume the role of the main controller, the second processor may assume the role of the floor controller, and the first processor may assume the role of the local controller. A controller may control one or more devices (eg, be directly coupled to the device). A controller may be placed proximate to one or more devices it is controlling. For example, the controller may control optically switchable devices (e.g., IGUs), antennas, sensors, and/or output devices (e.g., light sources, sound sources, odor sources, gas sources, HVAC outlets, or heaters). You can. In one embodiment, the floor controller may direct one or more window controllers, one or more enclosure controllers, one or more component controllers, or any combination thereof. The floor controller may include a floor controller. For example, a floor controller (eg, including a network controller) may control a plurality of local controllers (eg, including a window controller). A plurality of local controllers may be located in portions of a facility (eg, portions of a building). Part of the facility may be the floor of the facility. For example, a floor controller may be assigned to a floor. In some embodiments, a floor may include a plurality of floor controllers, for example depending on the floor size and/or the number of local controllers coupled to the floor controllers. For example, a floor controller may be assigned to a portion of the floor. For example, a floor controller may be assigned to some of the local controllers deployed in the facility. For example, a floor controller may be assigned to a portion of a facility's floor. The master controller may be coupled to one or more floor controllers. The floor controller may be deployed in the facility. The master controller may be located within the facility or outside the facility. The master controller may be deployed in the cloud. The controller may be part of or operably coupled to a building management system. A controller can receive one or more inputs. A controller can produce one or more outputs. The controller may be a single input single output controller (SISO) or a multiple input multiple output controller (MIMO). The controller may interpret the received input signal. The controller may obtain data from one or more components (e.g., sensors). Acquisition may include receiving or extracting. Data may include measurements, estimates, determinations, generation, or any combination thereof. The controller may include feedback control. The controller may include feed-forward control. Control may include on-off control, proportional control, proportional integral (PI) control, or proportional integral derivative (PID) control. Control may include open-loop control or closed-loop control. The controller may include closed loop control. The controller may include open loop control. The controller may include a user interface. The user interface may include (or operably coupled to) a keyboard, keypad, mouse, touch screen, microphone, voice recognition package, camera, imaging system, or any combination thereof. Output may include a display (e.g., a screen), speakers, or printer. 15 shows an example of a control system architecture 1500 that includes a master controller 1508 that controls a floor controller 1506, which in turn controls a local controller 1504. In some embodiments, the local controller controls one or more IGUs, one or more sensors, one or more output devices (e.g., one or more emitters), or any combination thereof. 15 shows an example configuration in which a master controller is operably coupled (e.g., wirelessly and/or wired) to a building management system (BMS) 1524 and a database 1520. The arrows in Figure 15 indicate communication paths. The controller may be operably coupled (e.g., directly/indirectly and/or wired and/wirelessly) to an external source 1510. External sources may include networks. The external source may include one or more sensors or output devices. External sources may include cloud-based applications and/or databases. Communications may be wired and/or wireless. External sources may be located outside the facility. For example, an external source may include one or more sensors and/or antennas, such as placed on the walls or ceiling of a facility. Communication can be one-way or two-way. In the example shown in Figure 15, communication means that all communication arrows are bidirectional. 15 shows an example of a perspective view of an enclosure 1501 (e.g., a building).

The controller may monitor and/or direct changes in (e.g., physical) operating conditions of the devices, software, and/or methods described herein. Control may include coordinating, manipulating, regulating, directing, monitoring, regulating, modulating, changing, altering, inhibiting, checking, guiding or managing. Controlled (e.g., by a controller) may include attenuating, modulating, changing, managing, suppressing, controlling, regulating, limiting, supervising, manipulating and/or guiding. Control may include controlling control variables (eg, temperature, power, voltage, and/or profile). Control may include real-time or offline control. Calculations utilized by the controller may be performed in real time and/or offline. The controller may be a manual or non-manual controller. The controller may be an automatic controller. The controller can operate on request. The controller may be a programmable controller. The controller can be programmed. The controller may include a processing unit (eg, CPU or GPU). The controller may receive input (eg, from at least one sensor). The controller can deliver output. A controller may include multiple (eg, sub) controllers. A controller may be part of a control system. The control system may include a master controller, a floor controller, and a local controller (eg, an enclosure controller or a window controller). A controller can receive one or more inputs. A controller can produce one or more outputs. The controller may be a single input single output controller (SISO) or a multiple input multiple output controller (MIMO). The controller may interpret the received input signal. The controller may obtain data from one or more sensors. Acquisition may include receiving or extracting. Data may include measurements, estimates, determinations, generation, or any combination thereof. The controller may include feedback control. The controller may include feed-forward control. Control may include on-off control, proportional control, proportional integral (PI) control, or proportional integral derivative (PID) control. Control may include open-loop control or closed-loop control. The controller may include closed loop control. The controller may include open loop control. The controller may include a user interface. The user interface may include (or operably coupled to) a keyboard, keypad, mouse, touch screen, microphone, voice recognition package, camera, imaging system, or any combination thereof. Output may include a display (e.g., a screen), speakers, or printer. The methods, systems and/or devices described in this application may include a control system. The control system may communicate with any device (e.g., sensor) described herein. The sensors may be of the same type or of a different type, for example as described in this application. For example, the control system can communicate with a first sensor and/or a second sensor. A control system may control one or more sensors. The control system may control one or more components of a building management system (eg, lighting, security and/or air conditioning system). The controller may adjust at least one (eg, environmental) characteristic of the enclosure. The control system may regulate the enclosure environment using any component of the building management system. For example, the control system can regulate the energy supplied by the heating elements and/or cooling elements. For example, the control system can regulate the speed of air flowing into and/or from the enclosure through the vents. The control system may include a processor. A processor may be a processing unit. The controller may include a processing unit. The processing unit may be central. The processing unit may include a central processing unit (abbreviated as “CPU” in this application). The processing unit may be a graphics processing unit (abbreviated as “GPU” in this application). Controller(s) or control mechanisms (including, for example, computer systems) may be programmed to implement one or more methods of the present disclosure. A processor can be programmed to implement the methods of the present disclosure. The controller may control at least one component of the forming system and/or apparatus disclosed herein.

16 illustrates a schematic example of a computer system 1600 programmed or otherwise configured for one or more operations of any of the methods provided herein. The computer system may control (e.g., direct, monitor, and/or control) various features of the methods, devices, and systems of the present disclosure, such as controlling the heating, cooling, lighting, and/or ventilation of the enclosure, or any combination thereof. or adjustable). The computer system may be part of or in communication with an ensemble of any of the sensors or devices (e.g., including sensors and/or emitters) disclosed herein. A computer may be coupled to one or more mechanisms and/or any portion thereof disclosed herein. For example, a computer may be coupled to one or more sensors, valves, switches, lights, windows (e.g., IGUs), motors, pumps, optical components, or any combination thereof.

In some embodiments, the circuitry is operably (e.g., communicatively) coupled to a network of enclosures (e.g., facilities comprising buildings). The circuit unit may include a driver board or controller. The controller may be any controller disclosed herein (e.g., a timing controller, a touchscreen controller, and/or any controller in a (e.g., hierarchical) control system). A controller may be operably coupled to a device ensemble. A device ensemble may include sensors or emitters. For example, a device ensemble may include multiple sensors, multiple emitters, or any combination thereof. The emitter may be a light (eg, LED) or sound (eg, buzzer or loudspeaker) emitter. A sensor may sense any environmental characteristic of the environment (e.g., light, temperature, chemical content (e.g., of the atmosphere), or sound). Chemical content may include volatile organic compounds (Voc), carbon dioxide, oxygen, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, or humidity. The control system may be configured to control the environment (e.g., via a network) using, for example, a building management system. The control system may be configured to control (e.g., via a network) the ventilation, heating, air conditioning, cooling, lighting, security, safety, fire or sound systems of an enclosure (e.g., facility). The control system may be configured to control at least one tinted window, display element, and/or touch screen (e.g., via a network). A network may facilitate updates of any software (e.g., non-transitory computer-readable media) associated with an operably (e.g., communicatively) coupled device. A network may facilitate updating any logic (e.g., control logic) associated with an operably (e.g., communicatively) coupled device. Logic can be embedded in software. A network may facilitate updating any data stream associated with operably (e.g., communicatively) coupled devices. Updates may be real-time. The network may facilitate response times and/or update times with delays of up to about 2 milliseconds (ms), 3 ms, 4 ms, 5 ms, 7 ms, 10 ms, or 15 ms. The network can facilitate low-latency communications. The display element, touchscreen feature, and/or tint window may (eg, each) have a unique identification (alphanumeric) code. The display element, touchscreen functionality and/or tint window (eg, respectively) may be uniquely recognized by a network and/or control system. The display component, touchscreen functionality and/or tint window may be uniquely identified as a device and/or node by a network and/or control system (eg, respectively).

In some embodiments, a device (e.g., display element, touchscreen functionality, and/or tint window) is communicatively coupled to a network. Third-party devices and/or data streams (e.g., third-party media providers) may utilize network authentication protocols to communicate with, for example, control systems and/or other devices. A network authentication protocol can open one or more ports for network access. Port(s) may be opened when an organization and/or facility authenticates (e.g., via network authentication) the identity of a device attempting to operably couple (and/or physically couple) to the network. Operablely coupled may include communicatively coupled. An organization and/or facility may authorize a device's access to a network (eg, using the network). Access may or may not be restricted. Restrictions may include one or more security levels. The identity of the device may be determined based on credentials and/or certificates. Credentials and/or certificates may be verified by a network (eg, by a server operably coupled to the network). The authentication protocol may or may not be specific to physical communication (e.g., Ethernet communication), for example on a local area network (LAN) using packets. Standards are maintained by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). Standards may specify operational characteristics of physical media (e.g., target device) and/or networks (e.g., Ethernet). Networking standards may support virtual LANs (VLANs) in local area (e.g., Ethernet) networks. The standard may support power over a local area network (e.g., Ethernet). A network may provide communication over power lines (e.g., coaxial cable). The power may be direct current (DC) power. The power may be at least about 12 Watts (W), 15W, 25W, 30W, 40W, 48W, 50W or 100W. Standards can facilitate mesh networking. The standards may facilitate local area network (LAN) technology and/or wide area network (WAN) applications. The standard facilitates physical connections between target devices and/or infrastructure devices (hubs, switches, routers), for example, by different types of cables (e.g., coaxial, twisted pair, copper cables, and/or fiber cables). You can do it. Examples of network authentication protocols may be 802.1X or KERBEROS. The network authentication protocol may include secret key encryption. The network may support (e.g., communication) protocols including 802.3, 802.3af (PoE), 802.3at (PoE+), 802.1Q, or 802.11s. The network may support a communication protocol for a building automation and control (BAC) network (e.g., BACnet). A protocol may define the service(s) used to communicate between various devices coupled to a network. One or more devices may include sensors, emitters, tinted windows, display elements, touch screen functionality, controllers, transceivers, antennas, third-party media provider-related equipment, personal computers, mobile circuitry (e.g., laptops, cell phones, touchpads). , and/or any other (e.g., third party) device. Protocol services may include device and object discovery (e.g., Who-Is, I-Am, Who-Has, and/or I-Have). Protocol services may include read attributes and write attributes (e.g., for data sharing). Network protocols may define object types (e.g., acted upon by services). A protocol can be used on one or more data links and/or physical layers (e.g., ARCNET, Ethernet, BACnet/IP, BACnet/IPv6, BACnet/MSTP, point-to-point over RS-232, MS/TP (Master-Slave/ Token-Passing) over RS-485, ZigBee, and/or LonTalk) can be defined. The protocol may be device-specific (e.g., Internet of Things (IoT) devices and/or Machine to Machine (M2M) communications). The protocol may be a messaging protocol. The protocol may be a publish-subscribe type protocol. A protocol may be configured for messaging transport. Protocols can be configured for remote devices. The protocol can be configured for devices with a small code footprint and/or minimal network bandwidth. A small code footprint can be configured to be handled by a microcontroller. A protocol may have multiple quality of service levels, including (i) at most once, (ii) at least once, and/or (iii) exactly once. Multiple quality of service levels can increase the reliability of message delivery across the network (eg, to its target). The protocol may facilitate messaging (i) from device to cloud and/or (ii) from cloud to device. Messaging protocols are configured to broadcast messages to groups of devices, such as sensors and/or emitters (e.g., as described herein). Protocols may comply with the Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS). The protocol may support security schemes such as authentication (e.g., using tokens). The protocol may support access delegation standards (e.g., OAuth). The protocol provides a security code (e.g., token and/or password) associated with the first application without providing the second application (and/or website) with any information about the second application (and/or website). May assist in granting access to a first application (and/or website). The protocol may include the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) or Advanced Message Queuing Protocol (AMQP) protocols. The protocol may be configured for a message rate of at least one (1) message per second (e.g., per publisher), or more messages per second (e.g., per publisher). The protocol can be configured to facilitate message payload sizes of up to about 64, 86, 96, or 128 bytes. The protocol is designed to communicate (e.g., from a microcontroller to a server) with any device that runs a protocol-compatible (e.g., MQTT) library and/or connects over a network to a compatible broker (e.g., an MQTT broker). It can be configured. Each device (eg, target device, sensor, or emitter) may be a publisher and/or subscriber. At least one broker can handle millions or fewer than millions of devices connected simultaneously. A broker can handle at least about 100, 10000, 100000, 1000000 or 10000000 simultaneously connected devices. In some embodiments, a broker receives at least a portion (e.g., all) of the messages, filters the messages, determines who is interested in each message, and/or connects these subscribed devices (e.g., , is responsible for sending messages to the broker client). The protocol may require an Internet connection to the network. The protocol may facilitate bidirectional and/or synchronous peer-to-peer messaging. The protocol may be a binary wire protocol. Examples of such network protocols, control systems and networks can be found in U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/000,342, entitled “MESSAGING IN A MULTI CLIENT NETWORK,” filed March 26, 2020, and filed in its entirety. Incorporated into this application by reference.

A computer system may include a processing unit (e.g., 1606) (also used herein: “processor,” “computer,” and “computer processor”). The computer system may include a memory or memory location (e.g., 1602) (e.g., random access memory, read-only memory, flash memory), an electronic storage unit (e.g., 1604) (e.g., , a hard disk), a communication interface (e.g., 1603) for communication with one or more other systems (e.g., a network adapter), and peripheral devices such as cache, other memory, data storage, and/or electronic display adapters. (e.g., 1605). In the example shown in Figure 16, memory 1602, storage unit 1604, interface 1603, and peripheral devices 1605 communicate with processing unit 1606 via a communication bus (solid line), such as a motherboard. . The storage unit may be a data storage unit (or data storage) for storing data. A computer system may be operably coupled to a computer network (“network”) (e.g., 1601) with the aid of a communications interface. The network may be the Internet, the Internet and/or an extranet, or an extranet that communicates with an intranet and/or the Internet. In some cases the network is a communications and/or data network. A network may include one or more computer servers that can enable distributed computing, such as cloud computing. A network may in some cases implement a peer-to-peer network with the help of a computer system, which may enable a device coupled to the computer system to act as a client or server.

A processing unit may execute a series of machine-readable instructions, which may be implemented as a program or software. Instructions may be stored in a memory location, such as memory 1602. Instructions may be directed to a processing unit, which may subsequently program or otherwise configure the processing unit to implement the methods of the present disclosure. Examples of operations performed by a processing unit may include fetching, decoding, executing, and rewriting. The processing unit may interpret and/or execute instructions. Processors include microprocessors, data processors, central processing units (CPUs), graphics processing units (GPUs), systems on chips (Socs), coprocessors, network processors, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), and application-specific instruction set processors (ASIPs). , a controller, a programmable logic device (PLD), a chipset, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or any combination thereof. The processing unit may be part of a circuit, such as an integrated circuit. One or more other components of system 1600 may be included in the circuit.

The storage unit can store files such as drivers, libraries, and stored programs. The storage unit may store user data (eg, user preferences and user programs). In some cases, the computer system may include one or more additional data storage units located external to the computer system, such as on a remote server in communication with the computer system via an intranet or the Internet.

A computer system may communicate with one or more remote computer systems over a network. For example, the computer system may communicate with a remote computer system of a user (e.g., an operator). Examples of remote computer systems include personal computers (e.g., portable PCs), slat or tablet PCs (e.g., Apple® iPad, Samsung® Galaxy Tab), phones, smartphones (e.g., Apple® iPhone, Android Includes a supported device (Blackberry®) or personal digital assistant. A user (eg, a client) may access a computer system over a network.

The methods described in this application may be implemented by machine (e.g., computer processor) executable code stored in an electronic storage location of a computer system, such as memory 1602 or electronic storage unit 1604. Machine-executable or machine-readable code may be provided in the form of software. During use, processor 1606 may execute code. In some cases, the code can be retrieved from a storage unit and stored in memory for ready access by the processor. In some cases, electronic storage units may be excluded and machine-executable instructions are stored in memory.

The code may be precompiled and configured for use with a machine whose processor is adapted to execute the code, or may be compiled during runtime. The code may be supplied in a programming language of choice such that the code can be executed in pre-compiled or as-compiled form.

In some embodiments, a processor includes code. Code may be program instructions. Program instructions may cause at least one processor (e.g., a computer) to direct a feed forward and/or feedback control loop. In some embodiments, program instructions cause at least one processor to direct a closed-loop and/or open-loop control scheme. Control may be based at least in part on one or more sensor readings (e.g., sensor data). One controller can direct multiple operations. At least two actions can be directed by different controllers. In some embodiments, different controllers may direct at least two of operations (a), (b), and (c). In some embodiments, different controllers may direct at least two of operations (a), (b), and (c). In some embodiments, the non-transitory computer-readable medium allows each different computer to instruct at least two of operations (a), (b), and (c). In some embodiments, different non-transitory computer-readable media enable each different computer to instruct at least two of operations (a), (b), and (c). A controller and/or computer-readable medium may direct any of the devices or components thereof disclosed in this application. A controller and/or computer-readable medium may direct any operation of the methods disclosed herein.

In some embodiments, the at least one display member and associated integrated glass unit(s) operate in concert with each other. Control of at least one display element and associated tint-tunable window (e.g., integrated glass unit(s)) may be achieved through integration of control of the tint-tunable window and display element control. For example, the display component and tinted glass may be operably (e.g., communicatively) coupled to a control system, such as via a network. Control of at least one display element may be achieved via Ethernet. The tint level of the tint-tunable window(s) may be adjusted when one or more associated display elements are in use. The tint level of a tint-tunable window may automatically change (e.g., darken) when one or more display components are in use. Automatically changing the tint level (e.g., darkening or brightening) of the tint-tunable window(s) may be based at least in part on external radiation and/or display contrast. Automatically changing the tint level of a tint-tunable window may be based at least in part on privacy (eg, limiting the ability to view the display configuration from anyone outside the facility). When the tint-tunable window(s) are in use, regions of the tint-tunable window may (automatically) change their tint levels (e.g., darken or lighten). A region of the hue-variable window may include a plurality of hue-variable windows. A zone may be (i) a tint-tunable window facing a specific direction of the enclosure (e.g., a facility), (ii) a plurality of tint-tunable windows on a specific side of the facility (e.g., the exterior), (iii) a specific window of the facility. tint-tunable windows on the floor, (iv) a plurality of tint-tunable windows in a particular type of room and/or activity (e.g., open space, office, conference room, classroom, hallway, reception hall, or cafeteria), (v) the same tinted windows disposed on a fixture (e.g., an interior or exterior wall), and/or (vi) a plurality of user-defined tinted windows (e.g., a room that is a subset of a larger group of tinted windows) or a group of tint-tunable windows on the surface (e.g., in a conference room, a display element on one of the eight tint-tunable windows may darken the tint - the corresponding area - of the eight tint-tunable windows). The (automatic) color change of a tint-tunable window may be based, at least in part, on whether the display arrangement shows active content (e.g., content for user viewing) or inactive content. The automatic change of the tint level of the tint-tunable window when at least one display element is in use can be overridden by the user (eg, by manually adjusting the tint level). A user may use mobile circuitry (e.g., a remote control, virtual reality controller, cell phone, electronic notepad, laptop computer, and/or similar mobile device) to override the automatic color change of the tint window(s).

In some embodiments, at least one display element and associated tint-tunable window(s) may be adjacent to a heat dissipation system (e.g., heater). Heat adjacent to the display element (e.g., the display element, any touch screen, circuitry, power supplies, adjacent sensors, adjacent emitters, and/or solar radiation (e.g., transmitted through a tint-tunable window) The heat generated can be dissipated. Heat can be transferred through conduction, convection and/or electromagnetic waves (radiation). Heat can be removed actively or passively. Heat can be removed through convection and/or conduction. Active heat removal can be controlled (eg, using a control system). Active (e.g., forced) convection (e.g., a fan) may create air flow to dissipate heat adjacent to the display component(s). Air flow may exist in the gap (eg, between the tint-tunable window(s) and the display member(s)). One or more temperature sensor(s) adjacent to and/or operably coupled to the display member(s) may sense the temperature and signal to initiate forced convection when a first (high) temperature threshold is reached. You can. The temperature sensor(s) may (automatically) shut down the display component(s) when a second (higher) temperature threshold is reached (eg, to prevent malfunction and/or damage). Damage may be permanent or temporary. The first temperature threshold may be a lower temperature value than the second temperature threshold. The threshold may vary depending on the ambient temperature. The ambient temperature may include the temperature outside the enclosure in which the display member is placed, or the temperature of the enclosure in which the display member is placed. Thermal heating penetrating through the tint-tunable window(s) can be limited (e.g., through the use of low-emissivity (Lo-E) glass) to reduce the heat load on the display component(s). there is.

In some embodiments, operation of at least one display element and associated tint-tunable window(s) includes maintenance tasks associated with the display element(s). Control of maintenance operations (e.g., pixel compensation, temperature, usage and/or reset) of the display component may be automatic (e.g., using a control system). Pixel compensation may include adjusting the brightness of a pixel in a display configuration based at least in part on how the pixel has been used during its lifetime. For example, what wavelength and/or intensity the pixel emits, and optionally for how long. For example, how often the wavelength and/or intensity is projected by the pixel. For example, what that pixel displays (e.g. video with motion or static display). Display element temperature, fan speed, display element usage level, and/or display element usage type may be monitored over time. Monitoring can be performed by a control system. Monitoring may utilize sensors coupled to a network (e.g., and control system). Monitoring may occur in real time and/or in situ while the display arrangement is projecting media. The control system may use image processing to evaluate the status of one or more light-emitting entities (eg, LEDs or other lights) of the display configuration. The sensor may include a camera (eg, a photo or video camera). The camera may include a pixel array (eg, a charge coupled device (CCD) camera). The camera may be configured for digital imaging (eg, a CCD or complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) camera). The camera may include a photographic plate. The camera may be sensitive to color gamut (e.g., the entire range of colors that the average human eye can see). The control system may monitor the display element continuously and/or intermittently (eg, at predetermined intervals). The control system may continuously or intermittently record data related to monitoring the display element. Data may be recorded at predetermined intervals and/or when a threshold is reached. The threshold may be a thermal, electrical and/or optical threshold. The threshold may vary over time (e.g., temperature exceeding 50° C. for more than about 1 minute). Adjusting (e.g., resetting) a display component may be based at least in part on such monitoring of display component (e.g., optical, thermal and/or electrical) properties (e.g., according to a time threshold). The threshold may be a value or a function (eg, a time and/or space dependent function). Space may relate to the type of enclosure in which the display component is placed. For example, a display element in a conference room may have a lower error tolerance than a display element in a hallway. Monitoring the display component can provide predictions regarding the lifespan of the component(s) (e.g., pixels, electrical circuitry, filters, and/or fans) of the display component. Monitoring a display element (e.g., over time) can be used to proactively detect any predicted decline in the display element or components of the display element (e.g., pixels, circuitry, filters, and/or fans). Compensation is possible. Monitoring and/or diagnostics of the display component may be via a network (eg, a network at least partially located on the skin of the facility). Monitoring and/or diagnostics of the display element may be performed by a control system. Adjusting (eg, resetting) a display element may include turning the display element on and off (automatically and/or controllably). The display component may be exposed to light once per time interval (e.g., at least about every 24, 36, 48, or 72 hours), for example, if pixels of the display component may be susceptible to malfunction (e.g., burning failure). It can be cycled several times. The time interval may vary depending on the type and/or severity of the predicted failure (eg, predicted failure of one pixel, or predicted failure of a group of pixels). The time interval for cycling may vary depending on the viewing type of the display element. For example, static viewing (e.g., using a display member as a display) performed for a period of time longer than a predetermined threshold may increase the risk of pixel malfunction (e.g., failure). When using a display member for static viewing as opposed to moving video, more frequent on/off cycling can reduce the risk of pixel malfunctions in static viewing. The control system (e.g., via a software module) may predict maintenance and/or replacement of the display configuration or any of its components (e.g., based on monitored pixel conditions). The prediction may be based at least in part on real-time sensor measurements of the output of the display configuration (e.g., compared to expected output). The prediction may be based at least in part on previous sensor measurements of the display component's output (e.g., fatigue testing), e.g., performed in a laboratory or other test facility (e.g., compared to expected output). The prediction may be based at least in part on viewing of the display configuration to be maintained/replaced. The prediction may be based at least in part on viewing of display configurations other than those being maintained/replaced (eg, test display configurations). The prediction may be based at least in part on the average pixel state, for example, taking into account the illumination profile of the display configuration and/or any of its individual pixels. The control system may provide notification regarding expected replacement and/or maintenance. These predictions allow proactive maintenance and/or replacement to be performed. Such predictions may allow for anticipated stockpiling of each display component to be maintained and/or replaced. These predictions can allow for timely scheduling of personnel to perform such maintenance and/or replacement.

18 shows an example of operation associated with at least one display element and associated tint-tunable window(s). Control of at least one display element and associated tint-tunable window(s) may be achieved through integration of control of the tint-tunable window(s) and display element control. Control of at least one display element may be achieved through a network. At block 1801, the tint level of at least one tint-tunable window is adjusted when one or more associated display component(s) is in use and/or preparing the display component for use. For example, the tint level of the tint-tunable window(s) may automatically dim when one or more display component(s) is in use. Automatically darkening the tint level of at least one tint-tunable window may be determined by (i) external radiation, (ii) the media displayed on the display contrast, (iii) the type of media displayed (e.g., static or variable), and/or (iv) may be based at least in part on a privacy request; Automatically dimming the tint level of the tint-tunable window(s) may be based at least in part on privacy (e.g., limiting the ability to view the display configuration from anyone outside the facility). A region of a tint-tunable window may change its tint level (e.g., darken) when one or more display elements are in use. A zone of tint-variable windows may include a plurality of tint-variable windows facing a specific direction of the facility, may be a plurality of tint-variable windows on a specific side of the facility, or may be a plurality of tint-variable windows on a specific floor of the facility. and may be a plurality of tint-tunable windows in a specific type of room (e.g., open space, office, conference room, classroom, cafeteria), and/or a plurality of user-defined tint-tunable windows (e.g., tint-tunable windows). A group of tinted windows in a room or façade that is a subset of a larger group of tinted windows, for example, in a conference room, where the display element on one of the eight tinted windows can display the tint - the corresponding zone - of the eight tinted windows. It can be dark). The zone may be any zone disclosed in this application. Automatic tinting of a tint-changing window may be based, at least in part, on whether the display arrangement shows active content (e.g., content for user viewing) or inactive content. At block 1803, automatic darkening of the tint levels of the tint-tunable windows may be overridden by the user manipulating the tint levels of one or more tint-tunable windows. A user may use mobile circuitry (e.g., a remote control, virtual reality controller, cell phone, electronic notepad, and/or laptop computer) to override the automatic tint change of the tint window(s). At block 1804, heat adjacent to the display configuration (e.g., using automatic operation of a fan or any other heat exchanger) (e.g., any component associated with the display configuration and/or a tint-tunable window) heat generated by solar radiation transmitted through) can be dissipated and removed passively and/or actively (eg, controllably). A temperature sensor adjacent the display member may sense the temperature and signal to initiate an active heat exchange operation (e.g., initiating forced convection) when a first high temperature threshold is reached. The temperature sensor may shut down the display component(s) when a second higher temperature threshold is reached. Operation 1805 illustrates predicting and/or anticipating (e.g., automating) maintenance task(s) of a display component (e.g., pixel compensation, temperature, usage and/or reset). Pixel compensation may be performed in a display configuration based at least in part on how much that pixel is used, how often that pixel is used, and/or what is displayed by that pixel (e.g., video with motion or a static display). This may include adjusting the brightness of pixels. Display member temperature, active heat exchange intensity (e.g., fan speed), and/or amount of display member usage may be monitored. Display configuration adjustments (eg, resetting) may be based at least in part on monitoring display configuration properties. As pixels deteriorate, more current and/or voltage may be required to produce the requested output. Adjusting the display element may include adjusting the intensity of one or more pixels of the display element to produce the requested output. Monitoring the display component may provide predictions regarding the status and/or predicted lifespan of components (e.g., pixels, circuitry, filters, and/or fans) of the display component. The control system may notify and/or proactively compensate for any anticipated decline of components associated with the display member. Monitoring and/or diagnostics of the display elements may be accomplished via a network that may be located at least partially on the skin of the facility. At block 1807 the display component is optionally adjusted and/or reset. Adjusting and/or redistributing may include automatically turning the display element off and on, for example, to increase pixel life and/or reduce pixel output malfunctions.

In some embodiments, operation of the at least one display element and associated tint-tunable window(s) is based at least in part on the state of the at least one display element. The status of the display elements can be checked, monitored and/or verified as to whether at least one display element is turned on. If at least one display element is not turned on, then default and/or custom tint levels of the tint variable window(s) may be activated. The state (eg, on/off) of the display element may be checked periodically. If at least one display element is turned on (e.g., operating), then it can be determined whether the display element displays active content or inactive content. If the display component is not turned on (e.g., not displaying media), then a default or custom tint level of the tint variable window(s) may be activated. When a display member displays active content, (i) a region of tint-tunable windows proximate to the display member(s) displaying the active content may be identified, and (ii) a tint level identified for the windows in the region, e.g. (e.g., different tint levels based at least in part on the presence of solar radiation, solar glare, and/or desired contrast) and/or (iii) adjust the tint level of the tint variable window in the identified zone.

19 shows an example of control operations regarding at least one display element and associated tint-tunable window(s). At block 1901 the status of at least one display component is verified. At block 1902, the control system determines whether at least one display element is turned on (e.g., at least one pixel is controllably emitting radiation). If at least one display element is not turned on, then the default or custom tint level of the tint variable window(s) is activated at block 1903 and the status of the display elements is checked periodically. If at least one display element is on, then at block 1904 it can be determined whether the display element is displaying active content. If not, then the default or custom tint level of the tint-tunable window(s) may be activated at block 1903 and the status of the display configuration is checked periodically. If the display member displays active content, tint-changing window(s) proximate to the display member(s) displaying the active content are identified at block 1905. The tint-tunable window(s) may have their tint levels (e.g., different tint levels based at least in part on the presence of sun/glare and desired contrast) identified at block 1906, and the tint-tunable window(s) of the block may be configured at block 1907. Arbitrary color tone level adjustments are made. A tint-tunable window may be part of a zone (e.g., a zone may be identified by a controller) or may not be part of a zone. When the first tint-tunable window coupled to the display member is part of a region that includes at least one second tint-tunable window not coupled to the display member. The hue of the second hue variable window may or may not be changed to the hue of the first hue variable window. Changing the color tint of other windows within the zone in concert with changing the color tint of the tint-tunable window associated with the display element may be predetermined and/or determined by the user.

In some embodiments, multiple display elements are coupled together in a control scheme. A plurality of display elements may be mounted within one or adjacent to a tint-tunable window. Tint-tunable windows may be connected (e.g., wired or wirelessly) through a local controller (e.g., window controller) as part of a control system. The control system may include a distributed network of controllers coupled to a power and/or communications network. The control system may perform various functions (e.g., functions of a facility (e.g., office building, warehouse, etc.)) that may include adjusting the tint of the tint-tunable window(s) and/or displaying media content in the display configuration. You can control it. The display components may be connected (eg, wired or wirelessly) via a display interface that may be housed in one or more housings. The display interface housing may be referred to in this application as an electrical-box ((E)-box) (eg, 2006). The E-box may be operably coupled to a network (e.g., for power and/or communications). The network may provide data and/or power to the display component. The user content server may provide data over a network to be displayed on a display configuration and/or may provide data and power to a display interface through one or more connections to the display interface. The display interface may include an adapter (e.g., an Ethernet adapter (e.g., RS-485-to-ethernet)) and/or the E-box may include a native adapter (e.g., Ethernet/IP). May include support. The E-box may issue prompts and/or respond to queries from the network. The device's connections for data transmission may include, for example, Ethernet, HDMI, Display Port, RS-485, and/or other types of connections for data and/or media transmission. Power may be provided to the E-box via power-over-internet (PoE) and/or a separate power cable. The plurality of display elements may show different content on each display element, may show the same (e.g., overlapping) content, or may be multiple (e.g., such that a section of an image is shown on each of the plurality of display elements). It may be configured to show one image across the display configuration. Connection of display elements can allow a small number of display elements (e.g., up to 10, 9, 8, 5, 6 or 4) to be controlled via a local controller. In some embodiments, a larger number (e.g., more than 10) of display elements may be combined via a network controller (e.g., a floor controller) or all display elements in a facility may be controlled by a main controller. You can. A display configuration may display media individually (e.g., independent of other display configurations) or in a group of display configurations (e.g., at least 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 20, 25, 50, or 75 display elements can be arranged into groups (sets) of displays) can be controlled to display data as if, for example, a single display element (e.g., one media can be placed between each display in a group of displays). split). The display member may form a video wall. A video wall may include multiple display configurations tiled together (eg, sequentially or overlapping) to form one large screen. The controller controlling the video wall controller may divide a single image to be projected on the video wall into portions to be displayed on individual display elements constituting the video wall. The display member may be coupled to a wall (eg, opaque or transparent) or a tint-tunable window. Video wall controllers may include hardware-based controllers or software-based and media card controllers. A hardware-based controller may include a media processing chipset and may not have an operating system. The software-based and media card controller may be placed on a processor with an operating system. The processor may be on a server or it may be local. The processor may be configured with multiple output graphics cards and/or video capture input cards.

The display structure may be composed of a layout. The layout may include a matrix grid layout (e.g., 2x2, 3x3, or 4x4) of the same display geometry (e.g., having the same aspect ratio). The layout may include, for example, a layout of non-identical display geometries (eg, having different aspect ratios) in configurations other than a symmetric matrix. The displayed media content may be the same, divided, or completely different. For example, at least two different parallel content can be displayed on a video wall of a display configuration.

Figure 20 shows an example control scheme for multiple display configurations. A plurality of display elements 2002 may be mounted adjacent to a plurality of color-variable windows 2003. The tint-tunable window (2003) is connected (e.g., wired and/or wireless) may be connected (2009), and control may include adjusting the hue of the tint variable window (2003). The display component 2002 is configured to control the network 2004 (including the control system) via a display interface 2005 and a controller housed within the housing (also referred to herein as an electrical (E) box) 2006 (e.g. For example, it may be connected (2010) by wire and/or wirelessly. The control network may be coupled to the tint-tunable window and/or display component via a wiring network, such wiring (e.g., coaxial cable) may provide data and/or power to the display component 2002. User content server 2007 may provide data (e.g., via wiring and/or control network) to be displayed on display configuration 2002 and/or have one or more connections to display interface 2005 (2011). ) can provide data and power to the display interface 2005. The display interface may include an Ethernet adapter (eg, RS-485-to-ethernet). E-Box (2006) may include native Ethernet/IP support. E-box 2006 may issue prompts and/or respond to queries from network 2004. The device's connections for data transmission may include, for example, Ethernet, HDMI, Display Port, RS-485, and/or other types of connections for data transmission. Power may be provided to the E-box 2006 via power-over-internet (PoE) and/or a separate power cable. Multiple display elements 2002 may show different content, the same content, or may be used to show one image across multiple display elements 2002 (e.g., as in a video wall).

In some embodiments, display elements are used to display various media in a facility. A display configuration may include one or more media displays that may be at least partially transparent, for example, when the display configuration is not in operation (e.g., a TOLED display). The display component may be coupled (e.g., directly or indirectly) to a hard surface such as a wall, board, or window (e.g., a visible window). The hard surface may be a fixture. The window may be a tint-tunable window (eg, an electrochromic window). Windows can be placed in the building or in the envelope of the building. The visible window may include a tint-tunable window, including an electrochromic window that can change tint (e.g., darken, brighten, and/or change its color (e.g., color)), which may be used in a display configuration. It can provide a background to contrast with the media displayed.

In some embodiments, one or more display members may be operably coupled (e.g., mounted) to a hard surface (e.g., a window, wall, or board). Joining may be via hinges, adhesives, fasteners and/or other suitable mechanisms. The combination may be disposed at least partially within one or more window frame portions. Window frame(s) may include vertical portions (e.g., jambs) and may include horizontal portions (e.g., crossbars). The display member may be attached directly to a hard surface (eg, using an adhesive). The adhesive may or may not be in contact with the window frame (or part thereof). Hard surfaces can include hardened materials (eg, glass, metal, or polymer). Hard surfaces can include solids (e.g., gypsum, ceramic, concrete, and/or stone). Multiple display components may be mounted (eg, via hinges, adhesives, fasteners, and/or other mechanisms).

In some embodiments, the display component is controlled by at least one controller. A controller may be part of a control system. The controller may include a controller that couples (e.g., connects) directly to the display component. The connection between the controller and the display component may use wired and/or wireless communications. The controller may be coupled to the display component via a plurality of wires (eg, for communication and/or power). The controller may be placed in the housing. The housing may include one or more materials. Materials may include elemental metals, metal alloys, polymers (e.g., plastics), resins, wood, glass, composites, and/or other materials. Materials may include transparent or opaque materials. Materials may include conductive or insulating (eg, dielectric) materials. The housing may include diffuse or reflective material. The housing may have multiple sides. At least two (eg, all) of the plurality of wires may extend from one of the plurality of sides of the controller housing. Sometimes, one controller housing (eg, containing more than one controller) may be coupled to multiple display configurations. Sometimes, a controller may be operably coupled (eg, directly) to a display component. Sometimes, a single controller may be operably coupled (eg, directly) to two or more display elements. Direct coupling may include wiring connecting the controller and the display component. The wiring may be an uninterrupted wiring. The controller and/or housing may include wiring inlets. The wiring inlet may or may not be on the same side as the wiring outlet of the controller housing. Sometimes, a plurality of control housings may be placed adjacent to each other (e.g., in contact with each other, or directly coupled to each other (e.g., via wiring). At least two different housings (e.g., At least two wires (e.g., all wires) connecting the controller(s) of (e.g., all housings) with at least two (e.g., all) of the display elements (e.g., of a set of display elements) are (i ) from the same face type of the housing and/or (ii) in the same general direction (e.g., upward, downward, left or right).The face type can be defined in the direction in which the face faces (e.g., downward face, may be assigned according to an upward facing face, an east facing face, a west facing face, a north facing face, an east facing face, or any combination thereof. The direction may be relative to the user facing the display element and relative to the center of gravity.

In some embodiments, the controller housing is mounted to a frame portion. The controller housing may be mounted within at least a portion of a window, board, or wall frame. Parts of the frame may be the upper horizontal jamb(s) (rail(s)), the lower horizontal jamb(s) (rail(s)) and/or the interior of the vertical (side) jambs or a combination of jambs forming the window frame(s). It can be. The top and bottom are about the center of gravity. A display connector may connect a controller to a display component via one or more cables and/or wires. A display connector capable of connecting the controller to each display member via a cable may extend from one of a plurality of sides of the controller housing or may extend from two or more of a plurality of sides of the controller housing. At least two (e.g., all) of the cables connecting the controller to the corresponding display element may be (e.g., substantially) the same length. The cable may extend at least partially within the window frame(s). Cables connecting the controller to the display component may have different lengths. The cable may extend at least partially inside and/or outside the window frame(s). The (eg local) controller may include, for example, a power supply connector connectable to one or more power supplies. The power supply connector may be placed on the same side or on a different side from which the data cable to the display member extends. The different sides may form an angle, and the angle may be (eg, substantially) a right angle. The different sides may be parallel to each other. Data (e.g., communication and/or media) cable(s) may connect from one or more data sources (e.g., server(s)) to the controller. The data cable may connect to a media content provider server and/or a server that controls the tint levels of the window(s). In some embodiments, power and data are coupled to the display component via the same cable (eg, a coaxial cable).

In some embodiments, multiple devices (eg, including sensors and/or emitters) are integrated into a common housing. The housing may include one or more circuit boards. A housing may integrate an ensemble of devices. The ensemble may have a single housing (eg, cover). More than one circuit board (eg, printed circuit board PCB) may be placed in a single housing. At least one controller may be disposed in the housing. The housing may be adapted for mounting to a window, wall, ceiling, or any other structure and/or fixture of an enclosure (e.g., facility, building, or room) to perform a variety of functions. A common assembly of devices (e.g., an ensemble of devices) may include power conditioning components, circuitry (e.g., processing units), memory, and/or network interfaces. The housing may include a mounting adapter that may be provided to install the assembly to at least a portion of a fixture, such as a window jamb. The housing may include (I) one or more openings for receiving external environmental feature(s) into the housing, (II) an electrical and/or electromagnetic (e.g., radio frequency) shield, and/or (III) a heat exchanger (e.g. It may include one or more features desirable for optimal performance (e.g., passive or active). For example, the housing may include one or more openings (e.g., holes) that facilitate air flow past the circuit board. The housing may include a heat sink. The heat exchanger and/or shield may shield circuitry from external influences and/or may provide shielding between circuit boards encapsulated in the housing. The housing may include an open body and a lid. The lid may include one or more openings (eg, holes). A cover may be snapped onto the open body to close the casing. The housing may include an opening to receive a cable.

FIG. 21A shows an example of a hard surface 2101 (e.g., a tinted window) mounted (e.g., via hinges and/or adhesive) within a frame 2102. Frame 2102 includes vertical jambs 2103a, 2103b and crossbars 2104a, 2104b (sometimes referred to as horizontal jambs). Two display elements 2105a and 2105b are mounted (e.g., via hinges and/or adhesive) within frame 2102 and are mounted on a viewable surface of hard surface 2101 (e.g., a window such as a tinted window). or covers the board's viable surface (e.g., all of it). Two controllers housed within housings (also referred to herein as electrical (E-) boxes) 2106a and 2106b are connected to a frame 2102 within an upper crosspiece 2104a (with respect to the center of gravity toward which vector 2100 points). It is mounted on part of Circuitry of E-box 2106a (including, e.g., timing controller, network communications (e.g., router), and/or media-related circuitry) is coupled to display component 2105a via wires 2109a. do. The circuitry of the E-box 2106b is connected to the display element 2105b through a wire 2109b. Display connector 2108a extends from housing 2106a in the same downward direction. Display connector 2108b extends from housing 2106b in the same downward direction. Connectors 2108a and 2108b are arranged to point in the same downward direction. Cable 2109a is (e.g., substantially) the same length from each E-box 2106a and 2106b to each display component 2105a and 2105b and extends within a portion of frame 2102. E-box 2106a is configured to connect to power supply cable 2110a (e.g., via a connector). E-box 2106b is configured to connect to power supply cable 2110b (e.g., via a connector). At least one power supply cable supplying power to the E-box circuitry may be connected to its own power supply. At least two power supply cables supplying power to the E-box circuitry can be connected to one power source. FIG. 21A shows an example in which two power supply cables 2110a and 2110b are connected to the same power supply source 2111. Power supply cables 2110a and 2110b are oriented (e.g., substantially) in the direction in which display connectors 2108a and 2108b extend from the E-box (e.g., the connectors extend to the same side of the E-box). It extends vertically from each E-box. Media wire 2112a connects from a data source (e.g., server) to circuitry contained in E-box (e.g., media circuit board) 2106b. Media wire 2112b is connected to E-box 2106a and (via E-box 2106b) to cable 2112a and data source 2115. Media cables 2112a and 2112b may connect to a media content provider server. The E-box may be operably coupled (e.g., wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, if hard surface 2101 is a tint-tunable window, any (e.g., all) E-boxes may be connected, for example, via a media cable (e.g., 2112a and/or 2112b) or It may be operably coupled to at least one controller that controls the level of tint of this window via a dedicated cable (not shown in Figure 21A).

FIG. 21B shows an example of a hard surface 2121 (e.g., a tinted window) mounted (e.g., via hinges and/or adhesive) within a frame 2122. Frame 2122 includes vertical jambs 2123a, 2123b and crossbars 2124a, 2124b (sometimes referred to as horizontal jambs). Four display elements 2125a, 2125b, 2125c, and 2125d are mounted (e.g., via hinges and/or adhesive) within frame 2122 and are mounted on a viewable surface (e.g., tint-tunable) of hard surface 2121. Covers all windows (such as Windows or the viable surface of the board). Four controllers housed within housings (also referred to herein as electrical (E)-boxes) 2126a, 2126b, 2126c and 2126d operate within upper crosspiece 2124a (with respect to the center of gravity toward which vector 2120 points). It is mounted on a part of the frame 2122. Circuitry of E-box 2126a (including, for example, timing controller, network, and/or media-related circuitry) is connected to display component 2125a via wires 2129a. The circuitry of the E-box 2126b is connected to the display member 2125b through a wire 2129b. Circuitry of E-box 2126c (including, for example, timing controller and media-related circuitry) is connected to display component 2125c via wires 2129c. The circuit part of the E-box 2126d is connected to the display member 2125d through a wire 2129d. Display connector 2128a extends from housing 2126a in the same downward direction. Display connector 2128b extends from housing 2126b in the same downward direction. Display connector 2128c extends from housing 2126c in the same downward direction. Display connector 2128d extends from housing 2126d in the same downward direction. Connectors 2128a, 2128b, 2128c, and 2128d are arranged to point in the same downward direction. Cable 2129a is (e.g., substantially) the same length from each E-box 2126a, 2126b, 2126c, and 2126d to each display component 2125a, 2125b, 2125c, and 2125d, and extends from frame 2102. extends within a portion of E-box 2126a is configured to connect to power supply cable 2130a (e.g., via a connector). E-box 2126b is configured to connect to power supply cable 2130b (e.g., via a connector). E-box 2126c is configured to connect to power supply cable 2130c (e.g., via a connector). E-box 2126d is configured to connect to power supply cable 2130d (e.g., via a connector). At least one power supply cable supplying power to the E-box circuitry may be connected to its own power supply. At least two or more power supply cables supplying power to the E-box circuitry may be connected to one power source. FIG. 21B shows an example in which four power supply cables 2130a, 2130b, 2130c, and 2130d are connected to the same power source 2131. Power supply cables 2130a, 2130b, 2130c, and 2130d extend from each of the E-boxes perpendicular (e.g., substantially) to the direction in which the display connectors 2128a, 2128b, 2128c, and 2128d extend from the E-box. . Media wire 2132a connects from a data source (e.g., server) to circuitry contained in E-box (e.g., media circuit board) 2126d. Media wire 2132b is connected to E-box 2126c and cable 2132a (via E-box 2126d) and data source 2135. Media wire 2132c is connected to E-box 2126b and (via E-boxes 2126d and 2126c) to cable 2132a and data source 2135. Media wire 2132d is connected to E-box 2126a and (via E-boxes 2126d, 2126c, and 2126b) to cable 2132a and data source 2135. Media cables 2132a, 2132b, 2132c, and 2132d may be connected to a media content provider server. The E-box may be operably coupled (e.g., wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, if hard surface 2121 is a tint-tunable window, any (e.g., all) E-boxes may be connected to, for example, media cables (e.g., 2132a, 2132b, 2132c and/or 2132d). ) or via a dedicated cable (not shown in Figure 21B) to at least one controller that controls the level of tint of this window.

FIG. 22A shows an example of hard surfaces 2221a and 2221b (e.g., tinted windows) mounted (e.g., via hinges and/or adhesive) within frames 2222a and 2222b. Frames 2222a, 2222b include vertical jambs 2223 and crossbars 2224 (sometimes referred to as horizontal jambs). Two display elements 2225a, 2225b are mounted within frame 2222a, and two display elements 2225c, 2225d are mounted within frame 2222b and are mounted on a hard surface 2221a, 2221b (e.g., a board, or Covers all viewable surfaces (executable surfaces of windows, such as tint-tunable windows). Four controllers housed within housings (also referred to herein as electrical (E) boxes) 2226a, 2226b, 2226c, and 2226d are located within vertical side jambs 2223 (with respect to the center of gravity toward which vector 2220 points). It is mounted on parts of the frames 2222a and 2222b. Circuitry of E-box 2226a (including, for example, timing controller and media-related circuitry) is connected to display component 2225a via wire 2229a. The circuitry of the E-box 2226b is connected to the display element 2225b through a wire 2229b. Circuitry of E-box 2226c (including, for example, timing controllers, network components, and/or media-related circuitry) is connected to display component 2225c via wires 2229c. The circuitry of the E-box 2226d is connected to the display member 2225d through a wire 2229d. Display connectors 2228a, 2228b, 2228c, and 2228d extend from each housing 2226a, 2226b, 2226c, and 2226d in the same horizontal direction. Connectors 2228a, 2228b, 2228c, and 2228d are arranged to point in the same horizontal direction. Cables 2229a, 2229b, 2229c, 2229d are (e.g., substantially) the same length from each E-box 2226a, 2226b, 2226c, 2226d to each display component 2225a, 2225b, 2225c, 2225d. and extends within portions of frames 2222a and 2222b. The E-box may be operably coupled (e.g., wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, if hard surfaces 2221a, 2221b are one or more tint-tunable windows, any (e.g., all) of the E-boxes may be operable to at least one controller that controls the tint level of such windows. can be combined

FIG. 22B shows an example of hard surfaces 2231a, 2231b (e.g., tinted windows) mounted (e.g., via hinges and/or adhesive) within frames 2232a, 2232b. Frames 2232a, 2232b include vertical jambs 2233 and crossbars 2234 (sometimes referred to as horizontal jambs). Display member 2235a is mounted within frame 2232a, and display member 2235b is mounted within frame 2232b and has a hard surface 2231a, 2231b (e.g., a board, or implementation of a window, such as a tint-tunable window). Cover all viewable surfaces (surfaces available). Two controllers housed within housings (also referred to herein as electrical (E)-boxes) 2236a and 2236b are connected to frames 2232a and 2236b within upper crosspiece 2234 (with respect to the center of gravity toward which vector 2230 points). It is mounted on part of 2232b). Circuitry of E-box 2236a (including, for example, timing controllers, network components, and/or media-related circuitry) is connected to display component 2235a via wires 2239a. The circuitry of the E-box 2236b is connected to the display element 2235b through a wire 2239b. Display connectors 2238a and 2238b extend in the same downward direction from each housing 2236a and 2236b. Connectors 2238a and 2238b are arranged to point in the same downward direction. Cables 2239a and 2239b are of equal length (e.g., substantially) from each E-box 2236a and 2236b to each display component 2235a and 2235b and within portions of frames 2232a and 2232b. It is extended. The E-box may be operably coupled (e.g., wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, if hard surfaces 2231a, 2231b are one or more tint-tunable windows, any (e.g., all) of the E-boxes are operable to at least one controller that controls the tint level of those windows. can be combined

23 is an example of hard surfaces 2321a, 2321b, and 2321c (e.g., tinted windows) mounted (e.g., via hinges and/or adhesives such as 2370) within frames 2322a, 2322b, 2322c. shows. Frames 2322a, 2322b, 2322c include vertical jambs 2323 and crossbars 2324 (also referred to as horizontal jambs). Four display members 2325a, 2325b, 2325c and 2325d are mounted within frame 2322a, two display members 2325e and 2325f are mounted within frame 2322b, and two display members 2325g and 2325h are mounted within frame 2322c and (e.g., substantially) of the viewable surface (e.g., of a board, or of a window, such as a tint window) of each hard surface 2321a, 2321b, and 2321c. ) can cover all (or just some). For example, the surface 2380 of the tint-tunable window is not covered with display elements. Four controllers housed within housings (E-boxes) 2326a, 2326b, 2326c, 2326d are mounted on a portion of frame 2322a within upper jamb 2323 (with respect to the center of gravity towards which vector 2320 points). . The circuitry of the E-box 2326a is connected to the display member 2325a through a wire 2329a. The wiring may be configured to transmit data and/or power (e.g., to a touchscreen). The circuitry of the E-box 2326b is connected to the display element 2325b through a wire 2329b. The circuitry of the E-box 2326c is connected to the display element 2325c through a wire 2329c. The circuit portion of the E-box 2326d is connected to the display member 2325d through a wire 2329d. Display connectors 2328a, 2328b, 2328c, and 2328d extend in the same downward direction from each housing 2326a, 2326b, 2326c, and 2326d. Connectors 2328a, 2328b, 2328c, and 2328d are arranged to point in the same downward direction. Cables 2329a, 2329b, 2329c, 2329d are (e.g., substantially) the same length from each E-box 2326a, 2326b, 2326c, 2326d to each display component 2325a, 2325b, 2325c, 2325d. and extends within a portion of frame 2322a. The E-box may be operably coupled (e.g., wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, if hard surfaces 2321a, 2321b, 2321c are one or more tint-tunable windows, any (e.g., all) E-boxes may operate on at least one controller that controls the tint level of these windows. Possibly combined. The controller housed within housing 2330 is mounted on a portion of frame 2322b within upper jamb 2323 (relative to the center of gravity toward which vector 2320 points). Circuitry of controller 2330 (including, for example, timing controllers, network components, and/or media-related circuitry) is coupled to display component 2325e via wires 2329e. The circuitry of the controller 2330 is connected to the display element 2325f through a wire 2329f. Circuitry of controller 2330 (including, for example, timing controllers, network components, and/or media-related circuitry) is coupled to display component 2325g via wires 2329g. The circuitry of the controller 2330 is connected to the display element 2325h through a wire 2329h. Cables 2329e, 2329f, 2329g, 2329h are of equal length (e.g., substantially) from controller 2330 to each display component 2325e, 2325f, 2325g, and 2325h, and portions of frames 2322b and 2322c. extends within. Controller 2330 may be operably coupled (e.g., wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, if hard surfaces 2321a, 2321b, 2321c are one or more tint-tunable windows, any (e.g., all) controllers may be operably coupled to at least one controller that controls the tint levels of such windows. It can be.

24 shows an example of hard surfaces 2421a, 2421b, and 2421c (e.g., tinted windows) mounted (e.g., via hinges and/or adhesive) within frames 2422a, 2422b, 2422c. . Frames 2422a, 2422b, and 2422c include vertical jambs 2423 and crossbars 2424 (sometimes referred to as horizontal jambs). Four display members 2425a, 2425b, 2425c, and 2425d are mounted within frame 2422a, two display members 2425e and 2425f are mounted within frame 2422b, and two display members 2425g and 2425h are mounted within frame 2422c and (e.g., substantially) of the viewable surface (e.g., of a board, or of a window, such as a tint window) of each hard surface 2421a, 2421b, and 2421c. ) can cover all (or just some). Four controllers housed within housings (also referred to herein as electrical (E)-boxes) 2426a, 2426b, 2426c and 2426d are positioned within the upper jamb 2423 (with respect to the center of gravity toward which vector 2420 points). It is mounted on a portion of the frame 2422a. Circuitry of E-box 2426a (including, for example, timing controllers, network components, and/or media-related circuitry) is connected to display component 2425a via wires 2429a. The circuitry of the E-box 2426b is connected to the display element 2425b through a wire 2429b. Circuitry of E-box 2426c (including, for example, timing controllers, network components, and/or media-related circuitry) is connected to display component 2425c via wires 2429c. The circuitry of the E-box 2426d is connected to the display element 2425d through a wire 2429d. Cables 2429a, 2429b, 2429c, 2429d are (e.g., substantially) the same length from each E-box 2426a, 2426b, 2426c, 2426d to each display component 2425a, 2425b, 2425c, 2425d. and extends within a portion of frame 2422a. The E-box may be operably coupled (e.g., wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, if hard surfaces 2421a, 2421b, and 2421c are one or more tint-tunable windows, any (e.g., all) E-boxes may operate on at least one controller that controls the tint level of these windows. Possibly combined. The controller housed within housing 2430 is mounted on a portion of frame 2422b within upper jamb 2423 (relative to the center of gravity toward which vector 2420 points). Circuitry of controller 2430 (including, for example, timing controllers, network components, and/or media-related circuitry) is coupled to display component 2425e via wires 2429e. The circuitry of the controller 2430 is connected to the display element 2425f through a wire 2429f. Circuitry of controller 2430 (including, for example, timing controllers, network components, and/or media-related circuitry) is coupled to display component 2425g via wires 2429g. The circuitry of the controller 2430 is connected to the display element 2425h through a wire 2429h. Cables 2429e, 2429f, 2429g, and 2429h are of equal length (e.g., substantially) from controller 2430 to each display component 2425e, 2425f, 2425g, and 2425h, and extend from frame 2422b and 2422c. extends within a section. Controller 2430 may be operably coupled (e.g., wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, if hard surfaces 2421a, 2421b, 2421c are one or more tint-tunable windows, any (e.g., all) controllers may be operably coupled to at least one controller that controls the tint levels of such windows. It can be.

25 shows an example of hard surfaces 2521a, 2521b, and 2521c (e.g., tinted windows) mounted (e.g., via hinges and/or adhesive) within frames 2522a, 2522b, 2522c. . Frames 2522a, 2522b, 2522c include vertical jambs 2523 and crossbars 2524 (sometimes referred to as horizontal jambs). Four display elements 2525a, 2525b, 2525c and 2525d are mounted within frame 2522a, two display elements 2525e and 2525f are mounted within frame 2522b, and two display elements 2525g and 2525h are Mounted within frame 2522c and (e.g., substantially) of the viewable surface (e.g., of a board, or of a window, such as a tint window) of each hard surface 2521a, 2521b, and 2521c. ) can cover all (or just some). Four controllers housed within housings (also referred to herein as electrical (E)-boxes) 2526a, 2526b, 2526c, 2526d are located within the upper jamb 2523 (with respect to the center of gravity toward which vector 2520 points). It is mounted on a portion of the frame 2522a. Circuitry of E-box 2526a (including, for example, timing controllers, network components, and/or media-related circuitry) is connected to display component 2525a via wires 2529a. The circuitry of the E-box 2526b is connected to the display element 2525b through a wire 2529b. Circuitry of E-box 2526c (including, for example, timing controllers, network components, and/or media-related circuitry) is connected to display component 2525c via wires 2529c. The circuitry of the E-box 2526d is connected to the display element 2525d through a wire 2529d. Cables 2529a, 2529b, 2529c, 2529d are (e.g., substantially) the same length from each E-box 2526a, 2526b, 2526c, 2526d to each display component 2525a, 2525b, 2525c, 2525d. and extends within a portion of frame 2522a. The E-box may be operably coupled (e.g., wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, if hard surfaces 2521a, 2521b, 2521c are one or more tint-tunable windows, any (e.g., all) E-boxes may operate on at least one controller that controls the tint level of these windows. Possibly combined. The controller housed within housing 2530 is mounted on a portion of frame 2522b within upper jamb 2523 (relative to the center of gravity toward which vector 2520 points). Circuitry of controller 2530 (including, for example, timing controllers, network components, and/or media-related circuitry) is coupled to display component 2525e via wires 2529e. The circuitry of the controller 2530 is connected to the display element 2525f through a wire 2529f. Circuitry of controller 2530 (including, for example, timing controllers, network components, and/or media-related circuitry) is coupled to display component 2525g via wires 2529g. The circuitry of the controller 2530 is connected to the display element 2525h through a wire 2529h. Cables 2529e, 2529f, 2529g, and 2529h are of equal length (e.g., substantially) from controller 2530 to each display component 2525e, 2525f, 2525g, and 2525h, and extend from frame 2522b and 2522c. extends within a section. Controller 2530 may be operably coupled (e.g., wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, if hard surfaces 2521a, 2521b, 2521c are one or more tint-tunable windows, any (e.g., all) controllers may be operably coupled to at least one controller that controls the tint levels of such windows. It can be.

In some embodiments, one or more controllers in the housing ((E)-box) provide functionality to one or more display elements. The E-box may have a cover bracket that can be secured to the mounting bracket. The cover bracket and mounting bracket may be mounted within a portion of the window frame and/or to other structures. An E box can have length, width, and height. E-boxes can be up to 15 inches ("), 14", 13", 12", 11", or 10" in length. The length of the E-box can be any value between the values previously described (e.g., between about 15" and 10", e.g., about 12.5"). The width of the E-box can be up to 5 inches ( "), 4", 3.5", 3", 2.5", 2", or 1.5". The width of the E-box can be any value between the values previously described (e.g., between about 5" and 1.5", e.g., about 3.75"). The height of the E-box can be up to 3", 2.5". It can be ", 2", 1.5" or 1". The height of the E-box can be any value between the values previously described (e.g., between about 3" and 1", e.g., 1.75"). The E-box may have one or both cover brackets and mounting brackets. It may include an analog-to-digital converter circuit board that can be mounted on both terminals for connection to a power supply (e.g., an AC or DC power source) via a cable that provides power to the E-box. The circuit board may include at least one data input connector(s) (e.g., Display Port, HDMI, Ethernet, or other type of connector for data transmission), which may be connected to an associated display configuration. capable of receiving data for display and may include at least one E-box connector(s) (e.g., Display Port, HDMI, Ethernet or other type of connector for data transmission), which may Data may be transmitted to the box.The E-box may include a controller board operably coupled with a circuit board.The controller board may include a timing controller, network components and/or media-related circuitry. A timing controller may be used for precise adjustment of the timing of varying positions (e.g., LEDs) in the display element.The controller board may include a connector that connects to a cabling connectable to the display element. The cabling may transmit data between the E-box and the display component. The connector from the E-box to the display component (e.g., transmitting power and/or data) extends in the same direction from the E-box. or may extend in different directions from the E-box. For example, all power connectors from the E-box to the display assembly may extend in the same direction and extend from the E-box and/or the PCB disposed therein. may come from the same side, for example, all communication connectors from the E-box to the display component may extend in the same direction and come from the same side of the E-box and/or the PCB disposed therein. The power connector that supplies power from the E-box's PCB to the display component may be on the same PCB side (e.g., in the same direction, e.g., in the display component) as the data connector from the E-box's PCB to the display component. extends towards and away from the E-box). The connector for data and/or power between the E-box and the display element is connected to the E-box on a first side at an angle (perpendicular) to the second side of the E-box on which the connector for the incoming power supply cable resides. It can exist. Connectors for data and/or power between the E-box and the display element are provided on a first side at an angle (perpendicular) to the third side of the E-box where connectors for incoming data and/or media communication cables reside. It may be present in the E-box. Connectors for (i) incoming power supplies, (ii) incoming data (e.g., media) communication, and (iii) power and/or data to the display components are or may be on a single PCB; It may not exist there. The E-box may be operably coupled (e.g., wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. The E-box may have a unique network identifier (ID) to communicate, for example, with at least one controller controlling the facility.

In some embodiments, a plurality of cabling extends from the E-box to the display configuration. The cabling is connected to the circuitry of the E-box via connectors. The circuitry may be on one or more printed circuit boards (PCBs). Cabling may be a connector to a circuit board via a connector. The connector can connect multiple wires bundled with cables. The number of connectors can be at least 2, 4, 6 or 8. The number of connectors may be even. Cabling can have different functions and be the same. Functions may include data transmission and/or electrical (e.g., power) transmission. For example, a connector may connect cabling that transmits data from the PCB to the display component. For example, a connector may connect cabling that transmits electricity from the PCB to the display component. The connectors may form two groups of connectors. Members of a connector group may be the same or different. For example, a connector group may include a data connector and a power connector. Each arrangement of a connector type in a connector group may follow mirror symmetry, inversion symmetry, and/or rotational (eg, C ₂ ) symmetry. Mirrors, axes of rotation and/or inversion points for applicable symmetrical movements can be arranged between the two connector groups.

26 shows an exploded view of an example of a controller in housing (E-box) 2602. E-box 2602 has a cover bracket 2603 that is secured to a mounting bracket 2604. Cover bracket 2603 has a plurality of slits 2620 (e.g., for ventilation and/or heat exchange). Cover bracket 2602 and mounting bracket 2604 may be mounted within a portion of a window frame (not shown in this figure) or to another structure (e.g., fixture). E-box 2602 includes an analog-to-digital converter circuit board 2605 that can be mounted on either or both a cover bracket 2603 and a mounting bracket 2604. Circuit board 2605 includes terminals 2606 for connection to a power supply cable (e.g., AC) that provides power to E-box 2602, at least one capable of receiving data for display on an associated display arrangement. One data input connector(s) (e.g., Display Port, HDMI, Ethernet, or other type of connector for data transmission) 2607 and at least one E-Box capable of transmitting data to another E-Box. Connector(s) (e.g., Display Port, HDMI, Ethernet, or other type of connector for data transmission) 2608. E-box 2602 includes a controller board 2610 operably coupled with circuit board 2605. Controller board 2610 may include timing controller and/or media-related circuitry. A timing controller may be used for (eg, precise) adjustment of the timing of changing various positions (eg, LEDs) of the display elements. Circuit board (e.g., controller board) 2610 includes connectors (e.g., 2611) that connect to cabling 2612a-f that connects to the display component. Cabling 2612a-f may transmit data and/or power between E-box 2602 and the display component. For example, some of the cabling 2612a-f may transmit data and some of the cabling may transmit power. For example, the two outermost cabling 2612c, 2612f can transmit power and the four inner cabling 2612e, 2612d, 2612a, 2612b can transmit data. For example, the two innermost cablings 2612d, 2612a can transmit power and the four outer cablings 2612e, 2612f, 2612c, 2612b can transmit data. For example, two middle cablings (26123, 2612b) can transmit power and the other four cabling (2612d, 2612f, 2612c, 2612a) can transmit data. Two of the cablings 2612a-f can carry power and four of the cablings 2612a-f can transmit data. The connector may extend from the E-box in the same direction or may extend from the E-box in a different direction. In the example shown in Figure 26, connector 2611 extends from E-box 2602 in the same direction. The connector may extend from the E-box at a right angle to the direction in which the (eg AC) power supply cable extends or may extend at any other angle in the direction in which the power supply cable extends. The E-box may be operably coupled (e.g., wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. The E-box may have a unique network ID for communicating with at least one controller controlling the facility.

Figures 27A and 27B show various views of the assembled E-box 2702 shown in Figure 26 in an exploded view. E-box 2702 has a cover bracket 2703 that is secured to a mounting bracket 2704. Cover bracket 2702 and mounting bracket 2704 may be mounted within a portion of a window frame (not shown in this figure) or to another structure. E-box 2702 may have dimensions (e.g., disclosed herein) that fit within the structure (e.g., length 2730, width 2731, and thickness 2732). The structure may be any structure disclosed in this application. E-box 2702 includes a circuit board 2705 (e.g., an analog-to-digital converter) that can be mounted to one or both of a cover bracket 2703 and a mounting bracket 2704. Circuit board 2705 has terminals 2706 for connection to a power supply cable 2715 (e.g., AC) that provides power to E-box 2702 and to receive data for display on an associated display component. at least one data input connector(s) (e.g., Display Port, HDMI, Ethernet or other type of connector for data transmission) 2707 and a cable 2716, for example to another E-box or network. ) (e.g., Display Port, HDMI, Ethernet or other type of connector for data transmission) 2708 for transmitting data via. E-box 2702 includes a controller board 2710 operably coupled with circuit board 2705. Controller board 2710 may include a timing controller and media-related circuitry. A timing controller can be used for precise adjustment of the timing of changing various positions (e.g., LEDs) in the display element. Controller board 2710 includes a connector 2711 that connects to cabling 2712 that connects to the display component. Cabling 2712 may transmit data and/or power between E-box 2702 and the display component. Connector 2711 extends from E-box 2702 in the same direction.

32 shows an example of an exploded view of E-box 3202. E-box 3202 has a cover bracket 3203 that is secured to a mounting bracket 3204. Cover bracket 3202 and mounting bracket 3204 may be mounted within a part of the structure, such as a fixture, for example a window frame (not shown in this figure). E-box 3202 may have dimensions consistent with mounting E-box 3202 to a portion of a structure (e.g., as disclosed herein) or other dimensions larger or smaller than these dimensions. You can have E-box 3202 includes a circuit board 3205 (e.g., an analog-to-digital converter) that can be mounted on one or both a cover bracket 3203 and a mounting bracket 3204. Circuit board 3205 has one or more terminal(s) for connection to (e.g., AC) power supply cable(s) that provides power to E-box 3202 (e.g., via coaxial cable). 3206, at least one data input connector(s) capable of receiving data for display on an associated display configuration (e.g., Display Port, HDMI, Ethernet, and/or other type of connector for data transmission) ( 3207) and at least one E-box connector capable of transmitting data to another E-box and/or network (e.g., Display Port, HDMI, Ethernet and/or other types of connectors for data transmission) 3208 ) may include. E-box 3202 includes a circuit board 3210 (e.g., a controller) operably coupled with circuit board 3205. Circuit board 3210 may include timing controllers, network components, and/or media-related circuitry. A timing controller can be used for precise adjustment of the timing of changing various positions (e.g., LEDs) in the display element. Circuit board 3210 includes connectors 3211a-f that connect to cabling (e.g., 3212), which in turn connects to the display component. Cabling 3212 may transmit data and/or power between E-box 3202 and the display component. E-box 3202 may be operably coupled (e.g., wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls any controllable device in the facility or facilities. E-box 3202 may have a unique network ID for communicating with at least one controller controlling the facility.

Figures 33A-33D show various views of the E-box. E-box 3302 has a cover bracket 3303 that is secured to a mounting bracket 3304. Cover bracket 3303 and mounting bracket 3304 may be mounted within a structure or portion of structures (eg, a fixture such as a window frame (not shown in this figure)). E-box 3302 may have dimensions for mounting within the structure (e.g., having length 3330, width 3331, and thickness 3332), e.g., any of the dimensions disclosed herein. You can. E-box 3302 includes a first circuit board (e.g., an analog-to-digital converter) that can be mounted to one or both of cover bracket 3303 and mounting bracket 3304. The first circuit board has one or more terminal(s) for connection to a (e.g., AC) power supply cable (e.g., including a coaxial cable or twisted pair cable) that provides power to the E-box 3302 ( For example, 3306); One or more data input connector(s) (e.g., Display Port, HDMI, Ethernet, and/or other types of connectors for data transmission) 3307 capable of receiving data for display on an associated display configuration and Includes one or more E-box connector(s) capable of transmitting to another E-box (e.g., Display Port, HDMI, Ethernet, and/or other types of connectors for data transmission) 3308. E-box 3302 includes a second (e.g., controller) circuit board 3305 operably coupled with the first circuit board. In some embodiments, the first circuit board and the second circuit board are one circuit board (eg, on the same side or different sides of the circuit board). In some embodiments, the first circuit board and the second circuit board are separate circuit boards, which facilitate heat exchange and/or shielding (e.g., electronic and/or electromagnetic (e.g., radio frequency) shielding). They are separated by a distance that allows them to do so. The heat exchanger and/or shield may include elemental metals or metal alloys. Heat exchangers can exchange heat passively and/or actively. Heat exchangers may include heat pipes, slabs or mesh. The heat exchanger may include a heat sink. The second circuit board 3305 may include timing controllers, network components, and/or media-related circuitry. A timing controller can be used for precise adjustment of the timing of changing various positions (e.g., LEDs) in the display element. In the example shown in FIGS. 33A-33D, the second circuit board includes one or more connector(s) 3311 that connect to cabling 3312, which in turn connects to the display component. Cabling 3312 may transmit data and/or power between E-box 3302 and the display component. There may be additional cabling connecting the E-box with the display component (not shown). E-box 3302 may be operably coupled (e.g., wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. E-box 3302 may have a unique network ID for communicating with at least one controller controlling the facility.

Figures 34A-34E show examples of various views of circuit board 3405 that can be mounted within an E-box. Circuit board 3405 has one or more terminal(s) 3406 for connecting to (e.g., AC) power supply cable(s) that provides power to circuit board 3405, for display on an associated display configuration. At least one data input connector(s) 3407 capable of receiving data (e.g., Display Port, HDMI, Ethernet, and/or other types of connectors for data transmission) 3407 and transmitting data to another E-box. It may include at least one E-box connector(s) (e.g., Display Port, HDMI, Ethernet, and/or other types of connectors for data transmission) 3408. Circuit board 3405 may be operatively engaged with a controller board, which may include a timing controller and media-related circuitry, and a connector that connects to cabling connected to the display component.

In some embodiments, certain devices, non-transitory computer-readable media, and/or methods described herein include techniques for passing a gas (e.g., air) over at least one light of a tint-tunable window. Tint-tunable windows may include tinted electrochromic coated lights on insulating glass units, such as IGUs. Passing a gas (e.g., air) removes heat and/or removes heat from the light, e.g., the light's substrate and/or other components (e.g., a display configuration) of any optically switchable device (e.g. For example, it may be to reduce the thermal load on an electrochromic coating). Passing a gas (e.g. air) may be to remove heat, for example through convection. Heat can be removed through conduction and/or radiation. In some embodiments, gas heated by and/or through the IGU light may be passed by, for example, pumping, propulsion, and/or suction. The flow of gas may be the interior environment of the facility and/or the exterior of the facility (e.g., a building) with an IGU light. For example, heated gases can be used to warm the interior of a facility. In some embodiments, the heated gas can be used to drive a turbine to generate electricity. The electricity thus generated can be stored in the battery of the forced air window assembly.

In some embodiments, a forced gas tintable (e.g., electrochromic) window may include two or more ventilation modules in communication with an interior space between an electrochromic light and a third light of an IGU subassembly. In some cases, one or more of these ventilation modules may include one or more air movement devices, such as one or more fans, for actively moving gas (e.g., air) through the interior space between the electrochromic light and the third light. may include. In one case, the one or more air movement devices (eg, fans) may include one of a blade fan, a bladeless fan, or an air pump. In some cases, one or more air movement devices outside the forced air tintable window and from the structure may be configured to supply air to or output air from one or more ventilation modules. In certain embodiments, the exhausted air can be used to generate electricity by spinning a turbine connected to a generator. The electricity generated can be stored in a battery, for example in one of the ventilation modules. An example of a forced air tint variable window, its use and control, can be found in PCT/US15/14453 (WO 2015/120045A1), filed February 4, 2015, entitled "Forced Air Smart Windows". The entirety of this application is incorporated by reference into this application.

28 shows an example of a display member 2801 coupled to a fastener 2802, with the display member framed by a sensor and emitter panel (e.g., 2803). The display component is coupled (e.g., via wires and/or cabling not shown in FIG. 28) to E-box 2811 and power source 2810. The E-box and power source may be placed adjacent to the display configuration, or further away (e.g., within a fixture cavity, such as within a window frame or within a wall cavity), for example as arranged in the present application. there is. The fastener 2802 includes a hinge having a first leaf 2821 including a bracket, and a second leaf 2822 joined by a knuckle and pintle arrangement. Fastener 2802 includes a gas guide 2823 (shown in partial view) that facilitates directional flow of gas through a set of fans 2805 coupled to respective apertures in leaf portion 2821 ( Partial view shown). The gas induction component is configured to attach the circuit board 2830 with a connector 2831 that connects the circuit board to the display component 2801. The circuit board may include a controller and/or driver board.

In some embodiments, the display component includes touchscreen functionality. In some embodiments, a plurality of display configurations may be arranged adjacent to each other (eg, to form a display wall, such as a video wall). Display elements may be arranged in a matrix (also referred to herein as a group or set of display elements). There may be a gap between two immediately adjacent display elements. There are no other display elements between immediately adjacent display elements. The gap may be shielded or unshielded. Gap shields may include flexible fillers such as transparent polymers and/or resins. Flexible fillers may include carbon-based or silicone-based polymers or resins. Fillers may include optical grade materials. Fillers can be polymerized and/or cured by mixing at least two components. At least one of the at least two ingredients and/or fillers is at least about 400 millipascals second (mPa*s), 1000 mPa*s, 2000 mPa*s, 3000 mPa*s, 5000 mPa*s, 6000 mPa*s, 7000 mPa. *s, 8000 mPa*s, 9000 mPa*s, 10000 mPa*s, 25000 mPa*s, or 50000 mPa*s. The density of the filler may be at least about 0.9 g/cm ³ (grams per centimeter cubed), 0.95 g/cm ³ , 0.97 g/cm ³ , 0.98 g/cm ³ , or 0.99 g/cm ³ . The filler may have a low shrinkage after curing (e.g., up to about 0.2%, 0.1%, or 0.5% shrinkage per volume per volume after curing compared to before curing). The filler may have a dielectric constant of up to about 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, or 2.9. The filler may have a dielectric constant between any of the dielectric constants previously described (eg, 2.5 to 2.9, or 2.7 to 2.8). The filler may be optically clear (eg, to an average human). The filler must be at least 2 kg Kgf/cm ² (Kilogram force per centimeter squared), 2.2 Kgf/cm ² , 2.5 Kgf/cm ² ,3 Kgf/cm ² , 3.5 Kgf/cm ² , 4.0 Kgf/cm ² , 4.5 Kgf/cm It may have a pulls strength of ² , 5.0 Kgf/cm ² , 5.5 Kgf/cm ² , or 6 Kgf/cm ² . The filler may have a transmittance of at least about 98%, 98.5, 99%, 99.2%, 99.4%, or 99.5% of light (e.g., visible light). The filler may have a refractive index of up to about 1.9, 1.7, 1.6, 1.5, 1.4, or 1.3 at, for example, 25°C, 23°C, or 20°C. For example, the filler may be Wacker Lumisil ^® (WL) filler (e.g., WL 100, 200 or 300 series). The flexible filler can be configured to allow expansion and/or contraction of the display (e.g., due to temperature changes). The flexible filler can be configured to bind immediately adjacent displays to each other and/or the structure. The structure may be tinted windows, boards or walls. Mounting brackets and/or hinges may be secured to the display member and mounted to the structure. The structure may include a frame or wall portion. The structure may include a fixture. The frame may include vertical jambs and horizontal jambs. Fixtures (e.g., frames) are mounted (e.g., by bonding, fastening and/or other attachment means) to various surfaces (e.g., walls, boards, glass and/or other mounting locations within a facility). It can be. In some embodiments, the display member may be attached directly to a structure (eg, a tint-tunable window). Direct attachment may use polymers and/or resins. Direct attachment can use bonding. Bonding may utilize adhesive polymers and/or resins (e.g., as disclosed herein). The bonding material may have a state that is more malleable than another (e.g., rigid) state. A rigid state may be typical at ambient conditions. A malleable state can exist under certain controllable conditions that are different from the surrounding conditions. Changes between malleable and rigid states can be triggered by external stimuli (e.g., heat, magnetic fields, electric fields, and/or chemical stimuli). For example, fillers (eg, adhesive polymers and/or resins) may be heat sensitive. For example, the filler may be more malleable in non-ambient conditions (e.g., in a heated environment) and may be more malleable, e.g., from its support structure (e.g., for maintenance or replacement). facilitates the separation of Partitions between a set of display elements and/or touch screens may be obscured, for example, due to the proximity of the display elements and the lack of an emitter-sensor panel between two immediately adjacent display elements. Flexible filler can be placed between two immediately adjacent display members.

In some embodiments, the display member may be fastened to a side bracket. The side bracket may be fastened to a structure (eg, a frame part or fixture such as a wall). The side brackets may be secured to the display configuration (eg, via adhesive and/or screws). The side bracket is operably coupled to at least one pair (eg, two pairs) of the emitter panel and the sensor panel. The first sensor and emitter panel pair can be positioned orthogonal to the second sensor and emitter panel pair. A pair of two orthogonal sensor and emitter panels may facilitate operation of at least one touchscreen.

In some embodiments, a plurality of display members are arranged to form a display member wall. The display component wall may or may not include touchscreen capability. For example, at least one (eg, all) display elements of a wall of display elements may have touchscreen capability. The touchscreen may be facilitated by at least one pair of sensor and emitter panels. A touchscreen may include two orthogonal pairs of sensors and emitters, for example, arranged orthogonally (e.g., as disclosed herein). The distance between the emitter panel and its sensor panel may span one or more display elements. The display elements may be arranged in a matrix arrangement (eg, forming a set of display elements in a 2x2 display arrangement). In some embodiments, at least one (e.g., each) display member of the set includes its dedicated touchscreen with at least one set (e.g., two sets) of sensors and emitter panels. In some embodiments, the at least two display configurations in the set include their dedicated touchscreens with at least one set (e.g., two sets) of sensors and emitter panels. The emitter signal in the emitter panel travels until it reaches a sensor in the sensor panel. If the signal does not reach the sensor, then the touchscreen controller can interpret this disturbance as a touch on the touchscreen. Therefore, the path between the emitter and the sensor must not be unintentionally disturbed.

In some embodiments, the display configuration and/or set of display configurations are (eg, substantially) planar. Tolerance for changes in flatness of the display element is limited (eg, to facilitate operation of a sensor-emitter panel disposed adjacent to the display element). Tolerance for flatness variations between display elements within a set may be limited (eg, to facilitate operation of sensor-emitter panels disposed adjacent to a set of display elements). Changes in floor plan may be more severe on the side facing the viewer than on the side away from the viewer. The change from plan view may be more severe toward the side of the display configuration adjacent to which the touchscreen is placed (eg, the sensor and emitter panel are placed). For example, the display configuration may be convex toward the viewer and/or the touchscreen with a deviation of no more than a predetermined distance. The display configuration may be convex beyond a predetermined distance on its side away from the viewer and/or the touch screen. The touchscreen may be configured to present display data as if it were a single display configuration (e.g., one piece of media split between the displays of a set of displays, such that each display of the set displays a portion of the screen image). . A user may use a selector (eg, a cursor and/or a touchscreen) to control a plurality of display elements as if the set of display elements were a single display. Tolerances may allow for deviations in the flatness of any display configuration disposed between the sensor-emitter panels by up to about 100 micrometers (micrometers), 300 μm, 500 μm, 700 μm, or 900 μm. The flatness deviation limit may be in the direction towards the sensor-emitter panel. The display configuration may be (eg, slightly) concave, convex, or a wavy display (eg, within the tolerances stated herein). The gap between two immediately adjacent displays can be up to about 0.1 inch ("), 0.2", 0.3", 0.4", or 0.5". The gap can be any value between the values previously described (e.g., about 0.1"). to about 0.5"). A set of display members can have glass panels common to a plurality of displays (e.g., TOLEDS). Each display member may have a glass panel supporting a display (e.g., TOLEDS). You can have a panel.

Figures 29A-29D illustrate examples of various display configurations that include touchscreen functionality. Figure 29A shows four displays (e.g. , OLED) (2903a, 2903b, 2903c, and 2903d). The displays together form a set of display elements. The four displays of FIGS. 29A and 29B are arranged in a 2x2 matrix (also referred to herein as a group or set) with a gap (e.g., 2915) between two immediately adjacent displays. Gaps 2915 include a transparent polymer disposed between the displays (e.g., to allow for expansion and contraction of the display due to temperature and/or to bond the display components and/or glass panels together) and/or or by a flexible filler such as resin). Sensor-emitter panel 2918 is secured to display element 2902 and mounted to frame cap 2919. The display member is hinged (not shown) to a structure that is a window frame 2906 with vertical mullions 2907 and horizontal mullions 2908 (rails). Frame 2906 may be mounted (e.g., bonded) to a variety of surfaces (e.g., walls, boards, glass within a facility, or other mounting locations). The bond may be made of adhesive polymers and/or resins, which may or may not have a state that is more malleable than another (e.g., rigid) state, which may be typical at ambient conditions. FIG. 29A shows an example of a side frame cap 2910 configured to secure a sensor-emitter panel to a side 2920 of a display component 2902 of a set of display components, where the sensor and emitter panel is configured to operate as a touch screen. Display sets 2903a-2903d have two sets of sensor-emitter panels perpendicular to each other, which border a set of display elements (rather than bordering each display). Tolerance for height differences between displays 2903a - 2903d in display configuration 2902 may be limited (e.g., with none of the displays facing away from the sensor-emitter panel toward the viewer (e.g., as described herein). (as disclosed)), and thus the signal from the emitter will be able to reach the sensor on the opposite side of the set of display elements unimpeded (e.g., the display within the set It cannot be convex towards the viewer with a deviation exceeding the tolerance threshold, but can be concave on the side away from the viewer, exceeding the tolerance threshold).

In some embodiments, the fastener is configured to couple the display member to the support structure. The display component may or may not be equipped with touchscreen capability. The support structure may be a fixture. For example, the support structure may be a frame portion of a window (e.g., a tinted window). The structure may be any structure disclosed herein (eg, a wall, arch, door frame, or any other structural frame). In some embodiments, the fastener includes a hinge configured to allow rotation (e.g., of the coupled display member) about its axis. A fastener may include a movable joint (eg, a hinge). The fastener may allow swing of at least one of its portions about an axis. A fastener may include a mechanical bearing connecting two solid objects. At least one of the solid objects can be swing about an axis (eg, a pin, pintle or rod, such as a cylindrical rod). The swing movement may be a limited rotation angle between two solid parts (eg hinge leaves). The angle may be up to about 270 degrees ( ^o ), 180 ^o , 90 ^o , 60 ^o , 45 ^o , or 30 ^o . The angle may facilitate reaching any circuitry and/or (e.g., electrical) connection coupled to the fastener. The angle may facilitate attachment and/or detachment of the display member from the fastener. The angle may facilitate attaching and/or detaching the fastener to the support structure. Fasteners include barrel hinges, butt hinges, mortise hinges, hidden hinges (e.g. cup hinges or Euro hinges), continuous hinges (e.g. piano hinges), flag hinges, H-hinges, HL hinges, and pivot hinges (e.g. For example, a double acting hinge), a self-closing hinge, a spring hinge, or a living hinge (for example, no knuckles or pins). The swivel may be a hinge leaf (eg, anything attached to a hinge leaf). The hinge axis may be the same material as the fastener body (eg, hinge leaf) or a different material. For example, the hinge shaft may be a harder material compared to the hinge body (eg, hinge leaf). The hinge shaft and/or leaf may comprise a metal (eg, an elemental metal or a metal alloy). The fastener may include a knuckle and/or a shaft (e.g., a pin). The leaves may extend from a set of knuckles carrying the hinge axis. For example, a fastener may include two sets of knuckles and/or two pins. The knuckle may be part of a leaf of the fastener (eg, an integral part of the leaf formed from the same piece of material). Any portion of the hinge may include a composite material (eg, including carbon fiber). The hinge may include a ceramic material. The hinge may be formed of a thermally conductive material such as metal (eg, copper and/or aluminum). Metals may include elemental metals or metal alloys. The hinge shaft (eg, pintle) may be made of a durable material. Durable materials may include stainless steel, titanium, flat steel, iron, Inconel, Hastelloy, Waspaloy, Rene alloy, Incoloy, MP98T, TMS alloy, or CMSX single crystal alloy. Durable materials may include superalloys (eg, high-performance alloys). The hinge (eg, any of its components, such as its axis (eg, pintle)) may include a durable material (eg, superalloy). The knuckle of the hinge may have a hollow cylindrical cavity (eg, having a circular cross-section). The cavity may form a joint of the hinge through which the hinge axis is set. The knuckles of each leaf may alternate and interlock with an axis (e.g., a pintle) passing through the knuckle. The knuckle may form a closed cylindrical cavity. The knuckle may form an open cavity. 37 shows an example of a hinge leaf 3721 having a knuckle (e.g., 3781) defining an open cavity configured to receive a hinge axis 3720. The open cavity of the knuckle facilitates attachment and/or detachment of its leaf (e.g., 3721) from the shaft. In the example of a knuckle with an open cavity, the knuckle (i) moves the knuckle away from the pintle in a direction perpendicular to the pintle (e.g., opposite to the knuckle cavity opening (e.g., 3782)) extending along the pintle axis. (ii) moving it along its axis to extract the pintle. 36 shows an example of a knuckle 3682 having a closed cylindrical cavity through which an axis (e.g., pintle) 3620 traverses. In the example of a closed knuckle, the pintle may be capable of (i) moving in a circular motion along and about its axis (e.g., 3683); In a closed knuckle scenario, the knuckle can be separated from the pintle by moving it along its axis (e.g., 3683) to extract the pintle.

In some embodiments, the plane of the hinge leaf surface is (eg, substantially) planar. In some embodiments, the plane of the hinge leaf surface has no curvature (eg, concave, convex, or wavy). 40 shows a perspective example of a hinge leaf 4021 with a planar hinge leaf face surface 4021a. 41 shows an example of a hinge leaf 4122 with a planar hinge leaf face surface 4122a (partial view shown).

In some embodiments the fastener is configured to receive various components. A fastener (eg, including a hinge) may be configured to receive one or more circuit boards. For example, the fastener may be configured to receive a circuit board including a driver board and/or booster for a display configured to connect. For example, a fastener can be configured to receive a circuit board with touchscreen functionality (eg, sensor and emitter panel). Fasteners may be configured to allow for easy installation, removal and/or maintenance (e.g., as disclosed herein). Ease may mean low labor costs, low labor ratings (eg, low labor qualifications) and/or short working hours. At least one of the hinge leaves may include an opening through which at least a portion of the circuitry (e.g., PCB) is visible and/or accessible. At least one of the hinge leaves may be configured to facilitate viewing, access and/or manipulation of the at least one connector. For example, at least some of the connectors of the circuitry (or coupled to the circuitry) may be visible, accessible, and/or manipulable through the opening. For example, at least some of the connectors between the circuitry and the display component may be visible and/or accessible through the opening. The opening may facilitate removal of cable(s) coupled to the connector. The openings may facilitate attachment and detachment of cables, for example, for maintenance, replacement, and/or removal (e.g., of cabling, circuitry, and/or display components). Fasteners may be snapped and/or screwed to the structure. The circuit board may be snapped into a fastener, attached to a fastener (e.g., using an adhesive), or snapped into a fastener. Occasionally, replacement of the display member may be necessary prior to replacing any portion of the support structure (e.g., and/or tinted glass) to which the display member is coupled. A fastener may or may not have a magnetic component. The fastener may be coupled to the support structure. The fastener may or may not be attached to the window. The fastener may or may not be bolted to the window (e.g., using a through hole in the window). In some embodiments, the fastener is not directly coupled to the window (eg, using any through hole in the window and/or using adhesive). In some embodiments, the display member is not directly coupled to the window (eg, using an adhesive and/or using any through hole in the window).

FIG. 35 shows an illustration of a fastener 3502 coupled to a display component 3501 bordered by a sensor-emitter panel housed in a protective frame such as 3503 to facilitate touchscreen functionality. Fastener 3502 has an opening 3504 through which a portion of circuit board 3530 can be viewed. The circuit board may integrate a booster and/or driver board coupled with a display emitter (eg, LED). Circuit board 3530 includes six connectors 3509. The connector may facilitate the transmission of power and/or data (including media and/or control-related data) from a power source and/or E-box (forming a circuit board (e.g., timing controller)) to the display component. there is. The fastener may include a hinge shaft 3520 coupled to hinge leaves 3521 and 3522. First hinge leaf 3521 includes a bracket configured to attach to a structure (e.g., a frame portion). The second hinge leaf 3522 includes an opening 3504 for circuitry and/or connectors. Any hinge leaf may be formed from a single piece of material (eg, a single slab) or may be formed from parts attached together to form a single piece. Attached may include sewing, welding, interlocking, or screwing.

In some embodiments, the fastener is configured to extend along a side of the display configuration. The fastener may include a single unit extending at least a portion of the lateral length of the display member. A single unit may be constructed from a single material (eg, a single slab). A single unit may or may not have one or more openings. The extension of the unit (e.g., hinge leaf) may be at least about 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 95% of the length of the side of the display member. . In some embodiments, at least a portion of the fastener (eg, at least one hinge leaf) extends the entire length of a side of the display configuration. In some embodiments, the fastener extends (eg, slightly) beyond the entire length of a side of the display configuration. In some embodiments, the fastener receives a side of the display member. 35 shows an example of a fastener 3502 having a portion (e.g., a hinge leaf) 3522 extending at least the entire length of the display member 3501, wherein the hinge leaf 3522 is connected to a circuit portion 3530. having an opening 3504 facilitating access to at least a portion of the connector 3509 (e.g., its connector 3509) as well as a plurality of openings facilitating air flow and/or heat exchange, the hinge leaf having a single portion ( For example, a single slab).

In some embodiments, fasteners can be configured to facilitate heat exchange. The fastener may be configured to accommodate any heat exchange device and/or technology disclosed herein. For example, the fastener may be configured to receive one or more fans for conducting active gas (e.g., air). The fastener may be configured to accommodate at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or 20 fans. The fastener may be configured to receive any number of fans described above (e.g., 1 to 20, 1 to 10, or 10 to 20). The number of fans may be even. The number of fans may be distributed (eg, evenly) on both sides of the opening. The opening to the circuitry may be centered along the length of the fastener. Openings for gas flow (e.g., placement of a fan) may be located along the fastener and further away from the opening. All two fans may be aligned symmetrically along the middle portion of the fastener length (eg, leaf length). 35 shows an example of a fastener 3502 in which an opening 3504 has a leaf centered along its length, the leaf having a plurality of leaves that facilitate gas exchange and reception of a fan (e.g., 3524). It has openings 3505a and 3505b (a total of 8 openings). The plurality of openings may be ventilation holes. The opening may be arranged symmetrically along the center of the length of the fastener and may extend along the fastener leaf distal from the opening. The openings in each group of openings 3505a, 3505b are evenly distributed (e.g., evenly spaced) along a portion of the fastener (e.g., hinge leaf) and symmetrical in two groups about the center of the fastener length. arranged as enemies. Fastener leaf 3522 is coupled to corner 3529 configured to retain circuit board 3597. A circuit board may be coupled to the sensor and emitter panel placed in the protective frame cover 3503. The frame cover protects at least a portion of a transparent material (e.g., 3598) configured to allow emitted radiation (e.g., infrared radiation) of the touch screen functionality to travel therethrough.

In some embodiments, the display assembly fastener includes a plurality of circuit boards. The circuit board may include a booster and/or driver board, and/or at least one circuitry that facilitates touch screen functionality. For example, there may be two circuit boards that facilitate touchscreen functionality. At least one of the plurality of circuit boards may be attached to a fastener. 35 shows an example of touchscreen circuitry 3597 coupled to hinge leaf 3522 by a connecting piece (e.g., L bracket 3529). Additional (e.g., facilitating touchscreen functionality) Circuit portion 3599 (e.g., 3599) may or may not be coupled to a fastener (e.g., to hinge leaf 3522).

In some examples, the fasteners facilitate cooling and/or air flow on one side of the display member and touchscreen functionality on the opposite side of the display member. 35 shows an example of a touchscreen 3501 coupled to a fastener 3502 such that airflow 3536 is directed toward the rear side of the display member 3501, further away from the viewer, and provides touchscreen functionality (e.g. For example, the transparent material 3598) is disposed on the opposite side of the display configuration 3501, closer to the viewer (e.g., accessible to the viewer for touchscreen functionality). The viewer is schematically represented by a figurine 3596 to indicate the viewer's side of the display configuration 3501 (e.g., the scale may not be proportional to the display configuration, for example).

In some embodiments, fasteners can be configured to facilitate heat exchange. The fastener may be configured to facilitate active heat conduction from the external atmosphere toward the display member (eg, gas propulsion). The fastener may be configured to facilitate active heat conduction from the display member toward an external atmosphere (e.g., gas intake). For example, a fastener may be configured to receive one or more fans configured to direct gas (e.g., air) from the ambient atmosphere around the fastener toward a designated path. Paths can be specified by derived structures. The guiding structure may be at least one planar and/or curved portion. 35 shows an example of a gas directing structure 3523 with planar portions 3531, 3532 and curved portions 3533. The gas directing structure may be formed from a single piece of material (eg, a slab), or from a plurality of attached (eg, sewn, soldered, interlocked and/or fastened) parts. The gas directing portion may be configured to direct gas along path 3526. 35 shows various views of a fastener and related components. Gas may be directed from the external environment (e.g., the atmosphere of the enclosure) toward the display configuration, for example, through a gas conduction path (e.g., formed by a gas directing structure and/or fastener). The gas directing structure may be part of or coupled to the fastener. The gas directing structure may be coupled to (eg, secured to or part of) the first leaf of the fastener. The gas directing structure may not be part of (or coupled to) another (eg, second) leaf. The gas directing structure may be coupled to (e.g., may be fastened to or part of) a first leaf of a fastener configured to be attached to the display member. The gas directing structure may not be part of (or coupled to) another (e.g., second) leaf configured to be attached to a support structure (e.g., a frame part or fixture such as a wall). The support structure may be part of the enclosure (eg, a fixture of the enclosure). The fan may include an actuator. The fan may be controlled by a controller (e.g., any controller disclosed herein). The fan may be a local controller (eg, in the controller of the fixture and/or E-box). The fan may be controlled remotely (eg, by a BMS and/or a higher layer controller such as a floor controller or master controller). The fan may be controlled by a controller configured to control sensors and/or emitters (e.g., a device ensemble).

Figure 36 shows an example of a perspective view of a display member coupled to a portion of a fastener. 36 shows an example of a hinge leaf 3622 with two knuckle groups 3685a, 3685b. Each knuckle group has a hinge (e.g., 3620) inserted therethrough. Each knuckle group is part of a knuckle assembly that forms a hinge. Knuckle groups 3685a, 3685b form an integral part of hinge leaf 3622 with a plurality of openings arranged in two symmetrical groups 3605a, 3605b about the center of the length of hinge leaf 3622. Hinge leaf 3622 has an outlet portion 3604 centered about the length of the hinge length. Hinge leaf 3622 is formed from a single piece (e.g., a single slab, slice, strip, or plate). Hinge leaf 3622 extends along the entire length of the side of display member 3601. Display element 3601 has no frame surrounding all of its sides. The opening (e.g., 3605c) is configured to allow gas (e.g., air) to pass from one side of the display configuration 3601 through it, for example along path 3626. Hinge leaf 3622 also includes protruding features (e.g., protrusions) 3699. The terminal “a” in numbers 3601a and 3622a indicates that it depicts a portion of the respective item without the terminal “a” (e.g., 3601a is part of display configuration 3601).

37 shows an example perspective view of a display configuration 3701 framed by a sensor-emitter panel, such as 3703, for example. The display member is coupled to a fastener 3702 having two hinge leaves 3721 and 3722. Hinge leaf 3721 is configured to be coupled to the support structure. Hinge leaf 3721 has two sets of open knuckles 3783a, 3783b configured to attach or detach from hinge leaf 3722 by integration with closed cavity knuckles 3785a, 3785b, respectively, holding hinge pintles. The hinge leaf 3721 is formed in a bracket shape. Hinge leaf 3722 includes an opening 3704 (eg, a cutout or outlet) centrally along its length, which opening extends a portion of the hinge leaf width. The opening is attached to the hinge leaf 3722 and/or coupled to (e.g., in communication with) the display component and any attached circuitry coupled to the E-box and a power source (e.g., a booster and/or driver board) and/or connectors. Hinge leaf 3722 has a plurality of openings (eg, 3705) arranged in two groups over the length of leaf hinge 3722. The openings in each group are evenly spaced. The opening allows exchange of gas (eg air). Hinge leaf 3722 is coupled to a gas directing structure (e.g., gas guide) 3723. The gas guide directs any incoming gas (e.g., air) through the opening (e.g., 3705) through cavity 3750 to one side of the display member such that the gas is directed, for example, by a dotted arrow 3751. It is configured to allow flow in the direction shown (or in the opposite direction). Portion 3732 covers (and forms) cavity 3750, and portions 3732, 3733, 3731 are part of gas guide portion 3723. In numbers 3701a, 3702a, 3703a, 3721a, 3722a, 3723a, and 3733a, the terminal “a” indicates that the portion of each item without the terminal “a” is shown (e.g., 3701a is the part).

In some embodiments, the fastener is configured to facilitate heat exchange. Heat exchange can be activated. Heat exchange may be facilitated by one or more fans, gas (eg, air) induction components, and/or gas channels. The path formed in the fastener for gas flow may be designed, for example, to accommodate the flow of air without creating excessive or reduced pressure more rapidly compared to ambient pressure. The area through which gas is allowed to flow in the fastener may be larger than the area over which gas flows in the fan. For example, the total horizontal cross-sectional area of the fan opening (e.g., 3805) may be a gas channel that together forms a gas channel that directs the gas (e.g., 3851) toward an external portion of the display member (e.g., 3801). It may be smaller than the total horizontal cross-sectional area between the guide (e.g., 3823) and the plate (e.g., 3855).

38 shows a display member 3801 coupled to a portion of a fastener 3822 (e.g., a hinge leaf) having an opening (e.g., return, cutout, or outlet) 3804 that extends a portion of its width. ), the aperture is centered along its length. Opening 3804 is configured to allow access to a portion of circuitry 3830 and/or its connector. Hinged leaf 3822 has two sets of knuckles 3884a, 3884b, and a plurality of openings (e.g., 3805) that facilitate the flow of gas (e.g., air) therethrough. Hinged leaf 3822 is coupled to a gas guide 3823 configured to guide gas flowing (e.g., incoming or outgoing) through an opening (e.g., 3805). The gas guide is coupled to a plate 3855 with 10 protrusions. The protrusions are evenly spaced along the length of the plate. The plate is coupled with a gas guide 3823 to form a gas passageway (e.g., between two protrusions). The protrusions are configured to prevent bending (eg, collapse) of the gas guide and/or plate. The protrusions are configured to ensure that the gas passageway remains in operation and/or intact over time. Gas guide 3823 and plate 3855 guide the gas in the direction shown by the dashed arrow (e.g., 3851). Gas guide 3832 (e.g., attached to or as part of hinge leaf 3822) is configured to engage hinge leaf 3821 including brackets. Display configuration 3801 is framed by a sensor-emitter panel (e.g., 3803) that facilitates touchscreen functionality. The bracket portion of the fastener may have at least one pointed end portion (e.g., 3821) or at least one non-pointed end portion (e.g., 3525). At least one end of the bracket may be disposed proximate the gas guide, for example when the hinge of the fastener is in a closed position. At least one side end of the bracket may or may not be in contact with the gas guide. The fastener may be configured to allow gas passage (e.g., a gap) between the gas guide and a bracket portion of the fastener, for example when the fastener is in a closed position. 35 shows an example of the gap between the gas guide 3523 and the non-pointed bracket end 3525 of the leaf 3921 of the fastener. 38 shows an example of a gap between the pointed bracket end 3825 of the leaf 3821 of the fastener and its complementary portion gas guide 3823, which is part of the curved portion 3533. At least one end of the bracket may form a right or non-right angle with a side of the bracket. At least one end of the bracket may have an angle and/or curvature that is complementary to the gas guide portion immediately adjacent to the bracket, for example when the fastener is in a closed position (e.g., as shown in the example at 3802). Hinge leaf 3822 is configured to mount circuitry 3871 (e.g., facilitating touchscreen functionality), which mounting is accomplished by using a mounting structure in the shape of an L bracket 3870. The mounting structure may be an integral part of hinge leaf 3822, or may be a separate part that is snapped, interlocked, soldered, glued, bolted, or otherwise attached to hinge leaf 3822. In numbers 3801a, 3803a, 3821a, 3822a, 3832a, 3821a, 3823a, 3840a, and 3855a, the terminal "a" indicates that the portion of each item without the terminal "a" is shown (e.g., 3801a is a display construct (which is part of (3801)). Item 3890 is a connecting flight (e.g. 4090). The gas guide is coupled to the fastener (e.g., attached) can be attached. In the closed position of the fastener, the first and second leaves (and any objects attached thereto) remain separated (e.g., gapped) from each other (e.g., do not contact each other). The separation (e.g., gap) may be up to about 0.2 mm (mm), 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.8 mm, 1 mm, 3 mm, or 5 mm. The separation (e.g., gap) may be any of the values previously described (e.g., from about 0.2 mm to about 5 mm, from about 0.2 mm to about 0.5 mm, from about 0.3 mm to about 1 mm, or from about 0.8 mm to about 5 mm). The gap is a tip of a bracket portion (e.g., 3525) of the first hinge leaf and its complementary portion that is part of the second hinge leaf (e.g., a portion attached to or integrated with an integral portion of the hinge leaf) such as a gap guide. , e.g., between a gap guide (e.g., 3523) and a complementary portion (e.g., 3533) to a bracket tip portion (e.g., 3525). The terminal “a” in numbers 3501a, 3510a, and 3522a indicates that it depicts a portion of the respective item without the terminal “a” (e.g., 3501a is part of display configuration 3501). Item 3505c represents a portion of fan 3505b. Fasteners and associated components are shown in side view in 3570.

In some embodiments, the fitment is shielded from the viewer by a cap (eg, a beauty cap). The cap may serve as a protective cover or cover for the fastener. The cap may shield the fastener from the support structure (e.g., fixture) on which it is installed. For example, the cap may mimic part of a frame (eg, a window frame) or part of a wall. The cap may be camouflaged in its surroundings (eg, in a support structure). The cap may be attached to the support structure using, for example, any of the attachments disclosed herein, such as bolted, screwed, snapped, or glued (e.g., using an adhesive). The support structure can be configured to facilitate this attachment (eg, by incorporating a complementary structure to which the cap will be attached).

In some embodiments, the gas guide is configured to guide gas along the side of the display member. The side of the display member along which the gas is guided may be closest to the support structure (eg, wall, tinted glass, and/or frame). The side of the display element along which the gas is guided may be further away from the viewer. The side of the display element along which the gas is guided may be opposite the side of the display element that has touchscreen capability. The side of the display element along which the gas is guided may be opposite the side along which the emitter emits radiation as part of the touchscreen functionality. 38 shows an example of a display configuration 3801 with gas flow directed onto one side of the display configuration 3801, illustrated by a dashed arrow (e.g., 3841), where this side of the display configuration is upright. This is the opposite of the side viewed and/or accessed by the viewer (e.g., the scale may not be proportional to the display configuration, for example) as schematically illustrated by 3899.

In some embodiments, the gas guide may be separated from the hinge leaf by a protruding feature (eg, protrusion). The protruding features may protrude from the gas guide or hinge leaf. The protruding feature may be an integral part of the gas guide or hinge leaf. The protruding features may be separate pieces that are attached to the gas guide or hinge leaf (eg, using any of the attachment methods disclosed herein). 38 shows an example of a protruding feature 3840 (e.g., a protrusion) protruding from a hinge leaf 3822. The protruding features may provide structural support to the portion(s) of the fastener.

In some embodiments, initiation of active heat exchange may be controlled by a controller. The controller may use a feedback control system. A feedback control system can utilize temperature data. Temperature data may be derived from at least one temperature sensor. Temperature data may relate to the temperature at one or more locations of the display component. The fastener may be configured to receive and/or connect at least one temperature sensor (eg, a thermocouple or IR sensor). At least one temperature sensor may be configured to sense the temperature of the display component. The at least one temperature sensor may be positioned to contact the side (e.g., rim) of the display configuration that is furthest from the viewer, closest to the support structure, and/or closest to the window to which it is coupled. The at least one sensor may be disposed on a frame (eg, sensor and emitter protection frame) and/or on any portion (eg, component) of the fastener. The control scheme may direct activation of an active heat exchange system (e.g., a fan and/or cooler) when the temperature reaches a first threshold (e.g., as disclosed herein). The control scheme may instruct to block operation of the display component when the temperature reaches a second threshold (e.g., as disclosed herein). The control scheme may direct deactivation of the active heat exchange system (e.g., fan and/or cooler) when the temperature reaches a third threshold (e.g., as disclosed herein). In some embodiments, the second threshold is higher (eg, has a higher temperature value) than the first threshold. In some embodiments, the third threshold is lower (eg, has a lower temperature value) than the first threshold. Sometimes, active heat exchange is always in an “on” mode and is terminated when the temperature exceeds a threshold (e.g., the second threshold described herein). The threshold (e.g., any high temperature) may consist of a temperature having a value of at least about 40°C, 43°C, 45°C, 47°C, 49°C, 50°C, 53°C, 55°C, or 57°C. there is. The lowest threshold may be a temperature with a value of up to about 25°C, 30°C, 35°C, 40°C, or 45°C. The high temperature threshold may be the temperature at which the light-emitting entity is likely to be damaged (e.g., permanently) (e.g., burn out).

39 shows an example perspective view of various portions of a display component 3901 with touchscreen capability coupled to a fastener 3902. The fastener has a hinge with a first hinge leaf 3921 and a second hinge leaf 3922, which leaves are configured to swing about an axis. Item 3980 shows a portion of a sensor-emitter panel and a portion of a display structure bounded by its housing. The fastener includes a gas guide 3923, a plurality of holes that facilitate the outflow and/or inflow of gas through it, and a first circuit portion 3930. Hinge leaf 3922 has a recess 3904. The recess may be configured to facilitate access to the display component and second circuitry and/or connectors (not shown in FIG. 39) configured to couple to the E-box (e.g., an internal timing controller) and/or a power source. You can. First circuit portion 3930 may be disposed (or otherwise coupled) on the side of hinge leaf 3922. The first circuitry can be configured to facilitate operation of the touchscreen functionality, including sensor and emitter panels bordering the display configuration (e.g., 3903). The sensor and emitter panel includes circuitry 3923 to which sensors and emitters (e.g., 3922) are coupled, a reflective surface (e.g., mirror) 3925, a protective frame including 3924 and 3927, and radiation from the emitters. and a transparent material 3920 configured to allow movement therethrough (and optionally to protect the circuitry from ambient conditions such as humidity). Frame portion 3924 is configured to support display component 3901 over a portion of the sensor and emitter assembly (e.g., over reflective surface 3925). A protective frame (and components therein) extends along the sides of display member 3901. All two vertical protective frames meet at a connecting corner 3990 at the edge of the display element 3901. The connection corner includes a main body 3991 and a cover 3995 of the main body. The body may be a one-piece faceplate. The cover (eg, corner cover) is a tripod-shaped cover 3995. The tripod-shaped cover has three extensions that together form a tripod. Two of the three extensions are arranged in a plane, and the third extension is arranged perpendicular to the plane. The third extension includes two wave-shaped structures. The tripod-shaped cover 3995 is configured to seal the connectors of the two common protective frames at their meeting edges 3990. The body of the connection corner is configured to receive circuit boards 3998a and 3998b of the sensor-emitter circuitry. 3901a is part of the display component 3901. The circuit boards are connected to each other at corners (not shown). One of the two circuit boards is connected to touch screen circuit board 3930. The body is configured to receive an internal connector 3094 having two curved edges and two pointed edges forming a cross-section similar to an eye or almond. Internal connector 3994 includes a housing configured to receive a screw. The integral connector may be part of a one-piece faceplate 3991.

In some embodiments, the frame of the display member is configured to (i) support the display member, (ii) isolate the display member from the sensor and emitter assembly, and (iii) protect the sensor and emitter assembly from the surrounding environment. The display member is configured to be positioned in a cavity located horizontally and/or vertically within the sensor and emitter assembly. The display configuration is separated from the cavity containing the sensor and emitter assembly at least in part by a frame (e.g., 3924) and/or adhesive. 39 shows an example of a display member 3901 held by a frame portion 3924 and an adhesive (e.g., double-sided tape) contacting the display member with a transparent material 3920. The frame comprising 3924 and 3927 forms an interior cavity for a sensor and emitter assembly (e.g., 3922 and 3925) and an exterior cavity that houses a display component (e.g., 3901). The transparent material 3920 of the sensor-emitter assembly caps this internal cavity (at least partially, e.g., with an adhesive material) from external influences (e.g., humidity and/or debris). 3920a is part of transparent material 3920. The position X where the display element 3901 is placed is vertical and horizontal within the height (h) and width (w) of the frame. The adhesive material may be a very bonding (VHB) adhesive material (eg, VHB double-sided tape from 3M).

In some embodiments, two orthogonal sensor and emitter panels are held together by corner assembly pieces. The corner assembly fragment may include guiding features configured to guide the two orthogonal circuit portions of the sensor and emitter and align them with respect to each other (e.g., vertically), e.g., within tolerance. The corner segments may have stepped or corrugated guides. 39 shows an example of a corner assembly 3940 including a body 3991 and a corner cover 3995, which has two guides 3996a and 3996b, each guiding sensor and emitter circuitry. . A guide (eg, magnetic guidance feature) may be configured to hold the circuit board in place (eg, within tolerance). Tolerances may allow for vertical and/or horizontal displacement of the circuit board of up to about 0.5 millimeters (e.g., mm), 0.4 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.2 mm, or 0.1 mm.

In some embodiments, the frame of the display configuration is coupled to the fastener using at least one connecting piece. The connecting piece may include a tripod. The connecting piece may have three planes facing three orthogonal directions. The connecting piece may be configured to connect the fastener with the protective frame of the sensor-emitter panel. The connecting piece may be configured to wrap around three orthogonal sides of a portion of the fastener (e.g., its edge). Figure 40 shows an example of a perspective view of various portions of a display configuration and related components. Figure 40 shows an example of a full connecting piece 4090 with three orthogonal sides 4090a, 4090b, 4090c (4090d is a partial view of 4090a). Connecting piece 4090 extends through first opening 4005, second opening 4050 and onto the rear side of display element 4001 (shown as part of the display element), for example along a dashed arrow 4051. It is configured to connect to a gas leading portion 4032 (shown in its partial view) for guiding gas. Connecting piece 4090 seals the circuit portion held by support portion 4070 and couples to the support portion and to the side of the protective frame of sensor-emitter assembly 4003 (shown in partial view) on its 4090a side (e.g. For example, it is configured to connect. The fastener includes at least one hinge having a knuckle and a pintle (e.g., 4082) and a first hinge leaf 4021 (shown in partial view) including a bracket configured to mount to a support structure (e.g., a fixture) ), and a second hinge leaf 4022 (shown in partial view). The second hinge leaf having at least one gas opening, such as 4005, includes a raised structure 4040 that reduces gas escape between the leaves of the hinge when the hinge is in its closed position. Fastener 4002 is configured to receive at least one circuit board, such as 4030 (shown as an entire circuit board). Circuit board 4030 (e.g., including a driver and/or booster board) is coupled to display component 4001 and configured to provide data and/or power via cabling 4031. Circuit board 4030 is also configured to connect to a power supply via an E-box (e.g., containing a timing controller) and/or other cables (e.g., six) not shown in FIG. 40. Other cables may extend from the opposite side of board 4030 as shown in FIG. 40 .

In some embodiments, the fastener is configured to direct the flow of gas. The flow of gas may be directed along a designated opening in the fastener and/or formed by the fastener. A fastener may, for example, reduce the probability of gas flow in a direction other than the designated opening in its operating and/or closed position. The operating position of the fastener may be a position that facilitates operation of the display member for its intended purpose (eg, media projection). The fastener may include a hinge having two leaves (eg, joined in a knuckle and pintle arrangement). At least one of the leaves may comprise a raised rim, for example to reduce gases in that direction when the fastener is closed and/or in operation. At least one of the leaves may comprise a gasket, for example to reduce gases in that direction when the fastener is closed and/or in operation. FIG. 41 shows an example of a perspective and top view of a display member 4101 coupled to a portion of a fastener 4122 having a plurality of holes 4105b and 4105a configured to facilitate gas flow therethrough. Hinge leaf 4122 includes a knuckle 4182. The hinge leaf includes a raised portion 4160 that reduces the flow of gas through the raised portion, such that the flow of gas is between the interior of the fastener (e.g., when closed and/or in operation) and the surrounding environment. exist. The raised portion may include a gasket; Or there is no gasket. Hinge leaf 4122 extends a portion of its width and includes a depression 4104 centered on its length. 4104a is part of 4104. Items 4122a and 4122b are part of 4122. A gasket may be placed along 4122 rim of opening 4104 as shown in dashed line 4162. Hinge leaf 4122 includes protruding features (e.g., protrusions) 4162. The protruding features may provide structural support to the component(s) of the hinge. The protruding feature may be an integral part of the fastener (eg, hinge leaf). The protruding features may be separate pieces that are attached to a fastener (e.g., of a hinge leaf) using, for example, any of the attachment methods disclosed herein. The protruding features may be configured to prevent bending (eg, collapse) of the fastener portion(s) (eg, hinge leaves). Gaskets may be formed from polymers and/or resins. Polymers and/or resins may include carbon or silicon-based materials. For example, the polymer may be a polyurethane polymer. The gasket may include a foam material. The gasket may include gas pockets or may be free of gas pockets (eg, detectable). The gasket may include a flexible material (eg, rubber or latex). The gasket may include a material that is opaque or transparent to visible light.

In some embodiments, the circuitry is in contact with and/or attached to the gas guide. For example, the circuitry may be disposed and/or attached to a gas guide, such as on a gas guide. Up may be in a direction opposite to the center of gravity (e.g., opposite to the direction of the gravity vector 4200 pointing to the center of gravity). The circuitry may be configured to facilitate gas flow through the gas channel. Figure 42 is a perspective view showing various portions of the display component and associated fastener assembly. 42 illustrates a circuit board 4230 (e.g., including a driver and/or booster board) connected to a display component (shown as portion 4201) and configured to provide data and/or power via cabling 4231. ) shows an example. Circuit board 4230 (shown in partial view) may also provide power via an E-box (e.g., containing a timing controller) and/or other cables not shown in FIG. 42 (e.g., 6). Configured to connect to the device. Other cables may extend from the opposite side of board 4230 as shown in FIG. 42 . 42 shows a circuit board 4230 in a fastener including a first portion 4222 (partially shown) and a second portion 4221 (partially shown) held by a hinge 4285. An example of integration is shown. Hinged leaf 4222 is coupled to a gas guide 4223 configured to guide gas flowing (e.g., in or out) through an opening (not shown in FIG. 42). The gas guide is coupled to a plate 4255 (partial view shown) with 10 protrusions. The protrusions may be spaced evenly along the length of the plate. The plate is coupled with a gas guide 4223 to form a gas passageway (e.g., between every two protrusions). The protrusions are configured to prevent bending (eg, collapse) of the gas guide and/or plate. The protrusions are configured to ensure that the gas passageway remains in operation and/or intact over time. Gas guide 4223 and plate 4255 guide gas in the direction shown by the dashed arrow (e.g., 4251). The hinge leaf 4222 is configured to engage with the hinge leaf 4221 including the bracket. Display configuration 4201 (shown in partial view) is framed by a sensor-emitter panel (e.g., 4203, shown in partial view) that facilitates touchscreen functionality. 4299 shows a partial view of the fastener, display assembly and related components. At least one gas passageway may be aligned with the fan. The gas passageway may be configured to facilitate the flow of gas, at least such as the flow of gas produced by a fan (eg, aligned with the gas passageway). The gas passageway may be configured to prevent the pressure of the fastener from being different from the ambient pressure, for example during operation of the fan(s). The ambient pressure may be approximately 1 atmosphere. Pressures that differ from ambient pressure include over or under pressure.

In some embodiments, the two portions of the fastener (e.g., first and second hinge leaves) are configured to reversibly engage and disengage from each other. For example, one hinge leaf may include a knuckle with a closed cavity that holds a pintle, and the other leaf may include a complementary knuckle with an open cavity and no pintle. Two complementary sets of knuckles may be engaged. Engagement may include snaps (eg, slip-ins and snaps). The engagement can pressurize the spring. Engagement may be detected by compression of the spring and/or by a sensor (eg, a pressure sensor). When complementary sets of knuckles are engaged, they can attach to prevent separation. Attachment may be accomplished using screws and/or pins. Attachment may be initiated automatically (eg, using sensors and/or springs) upon engagement of the two sets of complementary knuckles. Attachment may be a manual operation. Attaching the two hinge leaves (e.g., by attaching knuckles) may be reversible (e.g., automatically and/or manually). The knuckle may include indentations (eg, notches or incisions) in its surface. Screws and/or pins may engage the indentations, for example, when attaching (e.g., securing) the knuckle and pintle mechanism. Attaching a knuckle and pintle can prevent the hinge from opening. At least one of the hinges may include a fastening (e.g., attachment) mechanism. The fixation may be reversible (e.g., can be released) (e.g., automatically and/or manually). The unlocked hinge can be opened and closed. A fixed hinge may be maintained in one position (eg, a closed position). Automatic locking of the hinge may be controlled by a controller (e.g., a controller of a control system, or a separate controller operably coupled to the hinge).

43 shows an example of a hinge leaf 4321 with two sets of open cavity knuckles 4385a, 4385b. Pintle 4320a is shown engaged with a set of knuckles 4385a, where the pintle is a closed cavity knuckle and pintle assembly (e.g., 4385a) of a complementary hinge leaf (e.g., 4022 shows a portion of a hinge leaf). 4082) is simulated. The screw 4389 engages the knuckle 4385a. Figure 43 shows protrusion 4388 representing a snap spring. The screw 4389 may engage or disengage the knuckle in orientation 4387. Pintle 4320b (partially shown) can be moved in direction 4386 to engage or disengage knuckle 4385c (partially shown). 4300 shows a partial view of the hinge leaf 4321, the knuckle set 4851a and the screw 4389. Fastener portion 4321 is shown in perspective at 4370.

In some embodiments, the user controls the display set through the touchscreen as if the display set were a single display (e.g., split screen for images). Screen splitting of displayed images between display sets may be implemented via software (eg, a non-transitory computer-readable medium). The software may read input (e.g., via a network and/or USB) from each touch display, know where each display is located in a set (also referred to as a group), and determine the location of the user's touch in the set. can be calculated. For example, assume that the set has a Cartesian coordinate system where 0, 0 is located in the lower left corner (as viewed by the display viewer) and 100%, 100% is located in the upper right corner (as viewed by the display viewer), For a 2x2 display group, the lower left corner of the display set is 0, 0 and the upper right corner of the display set is 100%, 100%. In this example of a 2x2 display set, the touch translation of any display is expressed as: ); and Y = (0.5 * (Y of one of the lower displays) or (0.5 + (0.5 * (Y of one of the upper displays))); where The coordinate system transformation can be adjusted to take into account the screen gap between the touch displays. Each of the four displays is configured to detect user touches for touchscreen functions (e.g., around the edges of each display). It may contain its own two sets of sensor and emitter panels.Each display may have only two of the four sensor and emitter panels attached, with the panels attached around the outer edge of the display set.

30A shows an example of four displays 3002a, 3002b, 3002c, and 3002d forming a display set 3003. Each display 3002a-d displays the same image. 30A shows an example of four displays 3022a, 3022b, 3022c, and 3022d forming a display set 3023. Each of the displays 3022a-d together displays, for example, an image displayed at 3002c. If a user wishes to click on a surfer displayed in display set 3003, the user may do so by clicking on any location 3008a-d in display set 3003. If the user wishes to click on the surfer displayed in display set 3023, the user may do so by clicking on location 3029 in display set 3023, but for example at location 3028 (similar to location 3008c). You can't do that. Screen splitting of images between display sets 3023 may be accomplished through software. The software can read input (for example, from a touchscreen or cursor), know how the image is split between displays, and calculate where the user is pointing. For example, assume that the set has a Cartesian coordinate system where 0, 0 is located in the lower left corner (as viewed by the display viewer) and 100%, 100% is located in the upper right corner (as viewed by the display viewer), In the case of a 2x2 display group, the lower left corner of the display 3002c is 0, 0, and the upper right corner of the display 3002b is 100%, 100%. In this example of a 2x2 display set, the touch translation of any display is expressed as: ); and Y = (0.5 * (Y on display 3002c or 3002d) or (0.5 + (0.5 * (Y on display 3002a or 3002b))); where The coordinate system transformation can be adjusted by taking into account the screen gap 3005 between the touch displays. Figure 30A shows an example of the gap 3005, 3025 between two immediately adjacent displays, which is a polymer and/or resin.

FIG. 30B shows an example of four displays 3010a, 3010b, 3010c, and 3010d (shown as the left four displays in FIG. 30B) in display set 3011, where images are displayed on one display (FIG. 30B). It is displayed across four displays 3010a-3010d, as shown by the four displays on the right as shown in . Each display may have its own identity (e.g., shown by numbers 1, 2, 3, and 4).

FIG. 31A shows an example of four display elements 3101a, 3101b, 3101c, and 3101d in a 2x2 display arrangement set 3103. Each of the four displays 3101a-3101d includes its own two sets of sensors and emitter panels 3104 (shown around the edges of each display) to detect user contact for touchscreen functionality.

FIG. 31B shows an example of four display elements 3105a, 3105b, 3105c, and 3105d in a 2x2 display element set 3106 surrounding the display element set. The set of display elements 3106 has two vertical sensor and emitter panels collectively attached to a frame 3108, which is attached around the outer edge of the display set 3106. Accordingly, each display configuration 3105a-d has two sides on which sensor emitter panel portions are disposed (e.g., outer matrix side) and two sides without sensors and emitter panels (e.g., inner matrix side). ) has.

While preferred embodiments of the invention have been shown and described in this application, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that these embodiments are provided by way of example only. It is not intended that the invention be limited by the specific examples provided within the specification. Although the present invention has been illustrated with reference to the foregoing specification, the description and examples of embodiments of the present application should not be construed in a limiting sense. Those skilled in the art will now be able to devise numerous variations, modifications and substitutions without departing from the present invention. Moreover, it should be understood that any aspect of the invention is not limited to the particular illustrations, configurations or relative proportions described in this application, which depend on various conditions and variables. It should be understood that various alternatives to the embodiments of the invention described in this application may be used in practicing the invention. Accordingly, the invention is intended to cover any such alternatives, modifications, variations or equivalents. The following claims define the scope of the invention and are intended to encompass methods and structures within the scope of these claims and their equivalents.

Claims (16)

A system for removable installation of a transparent organic light emitting diode (TOLED) display, comprising:
The TOLED display comprising a TOLED panel having a front and a back, a touch sensor coupled to the front of the TOLED panel, and a device coupled to the back of the TOLED panel and configured to control light transmission through the window, wherein the device is electrochromic. (EC) is a glass, liquid crystal device, suspended particle device, or polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer -; and
A system comprising a hinge assembly coupled to the TOLED display such that the TOLED display can be mounted to a support structure. 2. The hinge assembly of claim 1, wherein:
a first hinge leaf coupled to the support structure; and
It includes a second hinge leaf coupled to the TOLED display,
the second hinge leaf includes a first component configured to secure and unsecure the TOLED display;
The system of claim 1, wherein the second hinge leaf includes a snap spring configured to assist in coupling the second hinge leaf to the first hinge leaf. The system of claim 1, wherein the TOLED panel and the EC glass are configured to allow transparency through the TOLED panel. According to paragraph 3,
The system of claim 1, wherein the TOLED panel and the EC glass are configured to allow transparency through the TOLED panel when the TOLED panel is turned off and the EC glass is not fully tinted. According to paragraph 3,
The system of claim 1, wherein the TOLED panel and the EC glass are configured to allow transparency through the TOLED panel when the TOLED panel is turned off and the EC glass is not tinted. The system of claim 1, wherein the TOLED panel and the EC glass are configured to allow content displayed on the TOLED panel to be viewed. According to clause 6,
The system wherein the TOLED panel and the EC glass are configured such that content displayed on the TOLED panel is visible when the TOLED panel is turned on and the EC glass is tinted. According to paragraph 1,
The system of claim 1, wherein the EC glass is configured to be at least partially transparent. According to clause 8,
The system of claim 1, wherein the EC glass is configured to have a transmittance of between about 30% and about 95%. According to paragraph 1,
A system wherein applying an electric current to the EC glass causes the EC glass to change color. According to paragraph 1,
The system of claim 1, wherein regulating the current to the EC glass controls the color change of the EC glass. According to paragraph 1,
The system further comprises an electronic component that controls and powers the TOLED panel, the electronic component being received inside the support structure. According to paragraph 1,
A system further comprising a capacitive touch screen and a controller configured to facilitate touch control. According to paragraph 1,
The system of claim 1, wherein the hinge assembly is configured to engage the support structure to position the TOLED display in a landscape or portrait orientation. According to paragraph 1,
The system of claim 1, wherein each movable component is configured to rotate away from the transparent display to facilitate removal of the corresponding transparent display from the window. According to paragraph 1,
The system of claim 1, wherein the TOLED display is configured to be removable from the support structure.