KR20220065074A - Tandem visible windows and media displays - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed herein are systems, apparatus, methods, and non-transitory computer readable media related to display constructs 1 , 2 , 3 coupled to a structure (eg, visible window 123 ). The structure may be a support structure such as a fixture. The display elements 1 , 2 , 3 are configured to facilitate media display and are at least partially transparent. The visible window 123 may be a tunable window, eg, a window whose tint is electrically controllable (eg, an electrochromic window). Various interactive capabilities with display elements 1 , 2 , 3 are disclosed (eg, via a touchscreen).

Description

Tandem visible windows and media displays

Related applications

This application is a U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/911,271, whose title is "Tandem Vision Window and Transparent Display", filed on October 5, 2019, and the title of the invention filed on December 20, 2019 is " Tandem Vision Window and Transparent Display" U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/952,207, U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/975,706 entitled "Tandem Vision Window and Media Display" filed on February 12, 2020 , claiming priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/085,254, whose title is "Tandem Vision Window and Media Display", filed on September 30, 2020, and the invention filed on April 25, 2018 U.S. Patent Application No. 16/, entitled "Displays For Tintable Windows," filed on October 24, 2019, a domestic phase application of International Patent Application No. PCT/US18/29476 entitled "Displays For Tintable Windows" 608,157, which is a continuation-in-part application, said international patent application comprising (i) U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/607,618, entitled "Electrochromic Windows With Transparent Display Technology Field," filed on December 19, 2017, ( ii) U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/523,606, entitled “Electrochromic Windows With Transparent Display Technology”, filed on June 22, 2017, and (iii) titled, filed on May 17, 2017 U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/507,704, entitled "Electrochromic Windows With Transparent Display Technology," (iv ) U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/506,514, filed on May 15, 2017, entitled "Electrochromic Windows With Transparent Display Technology," and (v) titles of inventions filed on April 26, 2017 Priority is claimed to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/490,457, entitled "Electrochromic Windows With Transparent Display Technology," each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

Various facilities (eg, buildings) have windows installed on their facades, for example. Windows provide a way to view the environment outside the facility. In some establishments, windows may occupy a significant portion of the exterior of the facility. A user may request that the window surface area be used for viewing various media (eg, for entertainment purposes, data processing, and/or performing video conferencing). Occasionally, a user may wish to optimize the use of the interior space (eg, using a window surface) to visualize media. The media may be electronic media and/or optical media. Users can request to view media with minimal impact to visibility through the window. The media may be displayed through an at least partially transparent display. Occasionally, media viewing may require a tinted (eg, darker) background. Occasionally, the user may wish to shade its interior perimeter. Sometimes, the life of a media display (eg, an OLED display) can be impaired over time by, for example, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, heat, and atmospheric components. Such damage can reduce long-term use of the media display. Occasionally, a user may wish to augment the external view with overlays, augmented reality and/or lighting. The present invention provides solutions to these and other problems.

In one aspect, disclosed herein is a display construct that in an aspect is combined with a window (eg, a viewing window, such as a tintable window). The viewing window may include an integrated glass unit. The display arrangement may include one or more glass panes. The display may include a display matrix. The display matrix may include, for example, at least partially transparent light emitting diodes (LEDs). The display may include a liquid crystal display (LCD).

In another aspect, at least a portion of a window surface of a facility is utilized to display various media using a glass display construction. The display may be used, for example, to view (eg, at least partially) an environment (eg, an outdoor environment) outside the window when the display is not in operation. The display may be used to augment the exterior using (eg, optical) overlays, augmented reality, and/or lighting (eg, the display may act as a light source). Such use of a portion of the window surface may optimize efficient use of space inside a facility (eg, a room inside), for example because the media screen will occupy at least a portion of the space in which the window(s) is installed.

In another aspect, a viewing (eg, tinting) window is used (eg, as a background) to aid in shading and/or contrast of the display construct. The shading may be external to the display arrangement (eg, away from the viewer). A portion of the support structure behind the display structure may be shaded or shadeable (eg, using a tinted or tinted window). The viewing window may be active (eg tinting) or passive. For example, the viewing window may include a hue that cannot be changed (eg, controllably and/or electronically). The viewing window has a color tone (e.g., that cannot be changed electronically (i) that cannot be changed electronically and/or (ii) that is optically changeable (e.g., due to irradiation of the view window by external lighting such as sunlight and/or street lamps). For example, shading) may be included. Shading may include a phosphor coating, application of a black pigment and/or tinting the glass. Tinting (eg, shading) may be static or dynamic (eg, using tinted glass). Shading may or may not be electronically controlled. Shading can be passive. A tint (eg, shading) may be transparent or opaque. Hue may include visible colors (eg, any color of the rainbow, such as blue or yellow. For example, the color may be brown, gray or black). The tint may be at least partially transparent. A transparent hue exhibits a transition of a significant fraction (e.g., greater than about 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 80%, 90%, or 95%) of an intensity and/or wavelength perceived by the average human eye. may be facilitated or the hue may be completely transparent (eg, with respect to what the average human eye perceives). Shading may be disposed on the back side of the display arrangement (eg, as an additional and/or laminated layer). The back side of the display arrangement is the side opposite the viewer side (eg, the surface of the display arrangement 101 facing the window 102 (partial view shown)). The shading is disposed on a structure coupled to and disposed behind the display member (eg, on a wall, board, or window coupled to and disposed behind the display member as in 102 of FIG. 1 ). can be

In another aspect, a display construct may include a material (eg, as a background) to aid in shading and/or contrast of the displayed media as part of the display construct. Shading can be outside the transparent display. Materials may be incorporated into polymers, resins and/or glass as part of the display construction.

In another aspect, the material (eg, within the viewing window and/or media construct) extends the life of the transparent display.

In another aspect, the display may be controlled separately or in conjunction with the control of the tincture window (eg, by a separate controller or by the same controller).

In another aspect, a system for viewing includes a viewing (eg, tinted) window having at least a bleached state and a tinted state; and a display element configured to display and/or manipulate electronic media—the display element comprises (eg, at least when the tincture window is in a decolorized state) (i) a display element and (ii) a viewing element (eg, tint). and disposed adjacent and registered with a viewing (eg, tinting) window for viewing by a user through the variable) window, the display arrangement being at least partially transparent.

In some embodiments, the view is to the external environment outside the view (eg, tinted) window. In some embodiments, the viewing is for media projected by the display arrangement. In some embodiments, the display arrangement is communicatively coupled to a network for transmitting electronic media. In some embodiments, the network is communicatively coupled to the building management system. In some embodiments, the display arrangement is communicatively coupled to one or more controllers that control the display of electronic media by the display arrangement. In some embodiments, the display arrangement is communicatively coupled to the first controller and the viewing (eg, tinting) window is communicatively coupled to the second controller. In some embodiments, the first controller and the second controller are the same controller. In some embodiments, the first controller and the second controller are different controllers communicatively coupled. In some embodiments, the first controller and the second controller are communicatively coupled to the third controller. In some embodiments, the display arrangement is communicatively coupled to a first controller (eg, a timing controller) disposed in a window frame that receives a viewing (eg, tinting) window. In some embodiments, the display arrangement is electrically coupled to a power source disposed on a building fixture adjacent the viewing (eg, tinting) window. In some embodiments, the building fixture is a window frame that houses a wall, ceiling, floor, or viewing (eg, tinted) window. In some embodiments, the display arrangement is electrically coupled to a power source disposed at a shortest distance that is at least about fifteen (15) feet from the display arrangement. In some embodiments, the display element is communicatively coupled to a controller (eg, a timing controller) that controls the display element, the controller being disposed at a shortest distance that is at least about five (5) feet from the display element. In some embodiments, the tintable window comprises an electrochromic glass construction. In some embodiments, a display arrangement includes a first glass plate, a second glass plate, and a display matrix (eg, a lighting array) disposed between the first and second glass plates. In some embodiments, the display matrix includes an array of light emitting diodes (LEDs). In some embodiments, the display matrix includes an array of transparent organic light emitting diodes (TOLEDs). In some embodiments, the display matrix has at least about 2000 pixels at its base length scale. In some embodiments, the basic length scale of the display matrix is the height or width of the display matrix. In some embodiments, the display matrix is a high-resolution or ultra-high-resolution display matrix. In some embodiments, the display arrangement is coupled to the viewing (eg, tinting) window by fasteners. In some embodiments, the fastener includes a hinge, bracket, or cover. In some embodiments, the hinge is (i) coupled to a bracket coupled to the display member and (ii) coupled to the cover coupled to the fixture, the hinge facilitating rotation of the display member relative to the fixture about the hinge joint. In some embodiments, the hinge is (i) reversibly connected to a bracket irreversibly connected to the display construction and (ii) reversibly connected to a cover that is reversibly connected to the fixture, the hinge being about a hinge joint and reversibly connected to the display relative to the fixture. Facilitates rotation of the construct. In some embodiments, the cover includes a rotating portion that can be reversibly opened and closed. In some embodiments, the circuitry and/or wiring may be obscured from the viewer by a cover, and the circuitry and/or wiring may be at least partially exposed by opening the rotating portion. In some embodiments, when the tinting window is in its darkest tint state and the display element is projecting media, the user cannot see through (i) the display element and (ii) the tinting window. In some embodiments, the tonal level of the tinting window takes into account the location of the sun, weather conditions, the transmittance of light through the tinting window, and/or readings of one or more sensors. In some embodiments, at least one of the one or more sensors is disposed on the exterior of a building in which the tincture window is disposed. In some embodiments, the weather conditions include any amount of clouds. In some embodiments, the transmittance of light through the tinting window is for external light impinging on a viewing (eg, tinting) window. In some embodiments, the transmittance of light through the viewing (eg, tinting) window is dependent on the material properties of the viewing (eg, tinting) window.

In another aspect, a system for viewing media includes a viewing (eg, tinting) window; A display element disposed and/or mated adjacent to a viewing (eg, tinting) window such that a viewer may view the external environment through the display element and viewing (eg, tinting) window - the display element comprises (i ) a pair of substrates, and (ii) a display matrix laminated between the pair of substrates, the display matrix having at least about 2000 pixels at its basic length scale; and a fastener configured to support the display arrangement—the fastener is attached to the frame element of the viewing (eg, tinted) window.

In some embodiments, the view is to the external environment outside the view (eg, tinted) window. In some embodiments, the viewing is for media projected by the display arrangement. In some embodiments, the display element is at least thirty percent (30%) transparent. In some embodiments, the viewing (eg, tinting) window is an electrochromic window. In some embodiments, the fastener includes at least one hinge, and the display arrangement is attached to the viewing (eg, tinting) window by the at least one hinge. In some embodiments, the hinge is configured to facilitate servicing of the display arrangement. In some embodiments, the driver board communicatively coupled to the display arrangement is hidden from the viewer by at least one hinge leaf. In some embodiments, the system includes a control board and a power supply. In some embodiments, the shortest distance between the display arrangement and the power source is at least 15 feet (15'). In some embodiments, the shortest distance between the control board and the power source is at least 5 feet (5'). In some embodiments, the display arrangement is coupled to one or more controllers and/or networks by coaxial cables. In some embodiments, the coaxial cable comprises a micro coaxial cable. In some embodiments, the basic length scale of the display matrix is the height or width of the display matrix. In some embodiments, the display matrix is a high-resolution or ultra-high-resolution display matrix.

In another aspect, a system for viewing media includes a tinting window having at least a bleached state and a tinted state; A display element configured to display and/or manipulate electronic media - the display element is adjacent to the tincable window for viewing by a user through (i) the display element and (ii) the tinted window at least when the tinted window is in a desaturated state. positioned and mated to, and wherein the display element is at least partially transparent; and optionally display circuitry wired directly to the display arrangement.

In some embodiments, the display arrangement is communicatively coupled to a network for transmitting electronic media. In some embodiments, the network is communicatively coupled to the building management system. In some embodiments, the display circuitry during operation and/or after installation, for example (I) a fastener from its support structure, (II) a display arrangement from a fastener, and/or (III) an E-box and/or or at least partially accessible without disassembling the power supply. The electrical box (eg, E-box) may include a timing controller of the display arrangement. In some embodiments, the system further comprises a hinge configured to facilitate reversible access or containment for display circuitry operation and/or after installation of the display arrangement. In some embodiments, the display arrangement is communicatively coupled to one or more controllers that control the display of electronic media by the display arrangement. In some embodiments, the display arrangement is communicatively coupled to the first controller and the tinted window is communicatively coupled to the second controller. In some embodiments, the first controller and the second controller are the same controller. In some embodiments, the first controller and the second controller are different controllers communicatively coupled. In some embodiments, the first controller and the second controller are communicatively coupled to the third controller. In some embodiments, the display arrangement is communicatively coupled to a first controller disposed in a window frame that receives the tincture window. In some embodiments, the display arrangement is electrically coupled to a power source disposed on a building fixture adjacent the tincture window. In some embodiments, the building fixture is a wall, ceiling, floor, or window frame that receives a tinted window. In some embodiments, the display arrangement is electrically coupled to a power source disposed at a shortest distance that is at least about fifteen (15) feet from the display arrangement. In some embodiments, the display element is communicatively coupled to a controller that controls the display element, the controller being disposed at a shortest distance from the display element that is at least about five (5) feet. In some embodiments, the tintable window comprises an electrochromic glass construction. In some embodiments, a display arrangement includes a first glass plate, a second glass plate, and a display matrix (eg, a lighting array) disposed between the first and second glass plates. In some embodiments, the display matrix includes an array of light emitting diodes (LEDs). In some embodiments, the display matrix includes an array of transparent organic light emitting diodes (TOLEDs). In some embodiments, the display matrix has at least about 2000 pixels at its base length scale. In some embodiments, the basic length scale of the display matrix is the height or width of the display matrix. In some embodiments, the display matrix is a high-resolution or ultra-high-resolution display matrix. In some embodiments, the display arrangement is coupled to the tincture window by fasteners (eg, at most one). In some embodiments, the fastener includes a hinge, bracket, or plank. In some embodiments, a hinge is (i) coupled to a bracket coupled to the display member and (ii) coupled to a flank coupled to a fixture, the hinge facilitating rotation of the display member relative to the fixture about the hinge joint. In some embodiments, the hinge is (i) reversibly connected to a bracket that is irreversibly connected to the display construction and (ii) is reversibly connected to a flank that is reversibly connected to the fixture, the hinge being about a hinge joint to the display relative to the fixture. Facilitates rotation of the construct. In some embodiments, the flank includes a rotating portion that can be reversibly opened and closed. In some embodiments, circuitry (eg, display circuitry and/or touchscreen circuitry) and/or wiring may be obscured from the viewer by a flank, and the circuitry and/or wiring may be at least partially exposed by opening the rotating portion. there is. In some embodiments, when the tinting window is in its darkest tint state and the display element is projecting media, the user cannot see through (i) the display element and (ii) the tinting window. In some embodiments, the tinting window is configured to tint with the media displayed by the display arrangement. In some embodiments, the tinting window is configured for manual and/or automatic tinting. In some embodiments, the tinting window is configured to tint while the display element projects media. In some embodiments, the media has inactive content that is static at least during tonal adjustment. In some embodiments, the media has active content that changes during at least tone adjustment. In some embodiments, the tinting window is tinted taking into account the position of the sun, time of day, date, geographic location of the enclosure in which the display construct is disposed, weather conditions, transmittance of light through the tinting window, and/or one or more sensor readings. configured to adjust. In some embodiments, at least one of the one or more sensors is disposed on the exterior of a building in which the tincture window is disposed. In some embodiments, the weather conditions include any amount of clouds. In some embodiments, the transmittance of light through the tinting window is for external light impinging on the tinting window. In some embodiments, the transmittance of light through the tinting window is dependent on the material properties of the tinting window. In some embodiments, the at least one touchscreen is disposed proximate to the at least one display arrangement, and the at least one touchscreen is arranged such that the at least one touchscreen overlaps at least a portion of a viewing surface of the at least one display arrangement. . In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to be operatively coupled to the at least one touchscreen, wherein the at least one controller is configured to be operably coupled to the at least one display based at least in part on a user tactile interaction with the at least one touchscreen. and adjust media displayed on the construct. In some embodiments, the at least one display element is a plurality of display elements configured to display a portion of the screen image, and the at least one controller is the plurality of elements based at least in part on a user tactile interaction with the at least one touchscreen. and adjust the media displayed on the screen. In some embodiments, the at least one touchscreen is a plurality of touchscreens configured to allow a user to use the plurality of touchscreens as if it were a single touchscreen spanning the plurality of touchscreens. In some embodiments, the at least one touchscreen is a plurality of touchscreens including a first touchscreen having a first side immediately adjacent a second side of the second touchscreen. In some embodiments, immediately adjacent there is no other intervening touchscreen. In some embodiments, the first side contacts the second side via a binder. In some embodiments, the first side is free of the first panel and the second side is free of the second panel. In some embodiments, the first side is bounded by a first panel and the second side is bounded by a second panel. In some embodiments, the first panel includes a sensor and an emitter, and the second panel includes a sensor and an emitter. In some embodiments, the at least one touchscreen is (a) parallel or substantially parallel to each other (b) disposed at a distance from each other, at least a portion of the at least one touchscreen disposed at a distance from each other—at least two sensors and operatively coupled with the emitter panel. In some embodiments, the at least one touchscreen is (a) disposed parallel or substantially parallel to each other (b) at a distance from each other, the distance being greater than one of the disposed at least one touchscreen; and configured to operatively couple with at least two sensor and emitter panels.

In another aspect, a system for viewing media includes a tinting window having at least a bleached state and a tinted state; A display element configured to display and/or manipulate electronic media - the display element is adjacent to the tincable window for viewing by a user through (i) the display element and (ii) the tinted window at least when the tinted window is in a desaturated state. positioned and mated to, and wherein the display element is at least partially transparent; and optionally (eg, at most one) fasteners configured to couple to the display arrangement.

In some embodiments, the fasteners (I) are configured to facilitate access to at least a portion of the display circuitry, (II) are configured to span at least thirty percent (30%) of a lateral length of the display arrangement, (III) configured to facilitate heat exchange, and/or (IV) comprising a plurality of hinges. In some embodiments, the fastener includes a hinge configured to facilitate reversible access and containment of the display circuitry. In some embodiments, a display arrangement includes (i) a pair of substrates, and (ii) a display matrix laminated between the pair of substrates. In some embodiments, the display matrix has at least about 2000 pixels at its base length scale. In some embodiments, the display element is at least thirty percent (30%) transparent. In some embodiments, the tincture window is an electrochromic window. In some embodiments, the fastener includes at least one hinge, and the display structure is attached to the tinted window by the at least one hinge. In some embodiments, the hinge is configured to facilitate servicing of the display arrangement. In some embodiments, the driver board communicatively coupled to the display arrangement is hidden from the viewer by at least one hinge leaf. In some embodiments, the system includes a control board and a power supply. In some embodiments, the shortest distance between the display arrangement and the power source is at least 15 feet (15'). In some embodiments, the shortest distance between the control board and the power source is at least 5 feet (5'). In some embodiments, the display arrangement is coupled to one or more controllers and/or networks by coaxial cables. In some embodiments, the coaxial cable comprises a micro coaxial cable. In some embodiments, the basic length scale of the display matrix is the height or width of the display matrix. In some embodiments, the display matrix is a high-resolution or ultra-high-resolution display matrix. In some embodiments, the tinting window is configured to tint with the media displayed by the display arrangement. In some embodiments, the tinting window is configured for manual and/or automatic tinting. In some embodiments, the tinting window is configured to tint while the display element projects media. In some embodiments, the media has inactive content that is static at least during tonal adjustment. In some embodiments, the media has active content that changes during at least tone adjustment. In some embodiments, the tinting window is tinted taking into account the position of the sun, time of day, date, geographic location of the enclosure in which the display construct is disposed, weather conditions, transmittance of light through the tinting window, and/or one or more sensor readings. configured to adjust. In some embodiments, the at least one touchscreen is disposed proximate to the at least one display arrangement, and the at least one touchscreen is arranged such that the at least one touchscreen overlaps at least a portion of a viewing surface of the at least one display arrangement. . In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to be operatively coupled to the at least one touchscreen, wherein the at least one controller is configured to be operably coupled to the at least one display based at least in part on a user tactile interaction with the at least one touchscreen. configured to condition media displayed on the construct. In some embodiments, the at least one display element is a plurality of display elements, each of the plurality of display elements configured to display a portion of a screen image, and wherein the at least one controller is configured for user tactile interaction with the at least one touchscreen. and adjust the media displayed on the plurality of entities based at least in part. In some embodiments, the at least one touchscreen is a plurality of touchscreens configured to allow a user to use the plurality of touchscreens as if it were a single touchscreen spanning the plurality of touchscreens. In some embodiments, the at least one touchscreen is a plurality of touchscreens including a first touchscreen having a first side immediately adjacent a second side of the second touchscreen. In some embodiments, immediately adjacent there is no other intervening touchscreen. In some embodiments, the first side contacts the second side via a binder. In some embodiments, the first side is free of a first panel, and/or the second side is free of a second panel. In some embodiments, the first side is bounded by a first panel, and/or the second side is bounded by a second panel. In some embodiments, the first panel comprises a sensor and emitter and/or the second panel comprises a sensor and emitter. In some embodiments, the at least one touchscreen is disposed (a) parallel or substantially parallel to each other and/or (b) at a distance from each other, at least a portion of the at least one touchscreen disposed at a distance and configured to operatively couple with the two sensor and emitter panels. In some embodiments, the at least one touchscreen is disposed (a) parallel or substantially parallel to each other and/or (b) at a distance from each other - the distance from one of the disposed at least one touchscreen Exceeded—configured to operatively engage at least two sensor and emitter panels. In some embodiments, the at least two sensors and emitter panels are arranged such that radiation emitted by the emitters in the first panel can be sensed by the sensors in the second panel arranged parallel or substantially parallel to the first panel; The first panel and the second panel are included in at least two sensor and emitter panels.

In another aspect, an apparatus for controlling media viewing, the apparatus comprising at least one controller comprising control circuitry, the at least one controller comprising: (a) a display arrangement configured to display and/or manipulate electronic media; operatively coupled - the display element is disposed adjacent to and mated to the tinted window for viewing by a user through (i) the display element and (ii) the tinted window at least when the tinted window is in a decolorized state; the construct is at least partially transparent, the tinted window having at least one decolored state and one tinted state, wherein the display element is optionally (A) coupled to display circuitry wired to the display element and/or (B) coupled to (eg, at most one) fastener configured to couple to the display arrangement; and (b) control or direct control of the display element.

In some embodiments, the display circuitry during operation and/or after installation, for example (A) a fastener from its support structure, (B) a display arrangement from a fastener, and/or (C) an E-box and/or or at least partially accessible without disassembling the power supply. The electrical box (eg, E-box) may include a timing controller of the display arrangement. In some embodiments, the fastener (I) facilitates access to at least a portion of the display circuitry, (II) spans at least thirty percent (30%) of a lateral length of the display arrangement, and (III) facilitates heat exchange. and/or (IV) configured to include a plurality of hinges. In some embodiments, the display circuitry includes at least a portion of the control circuitry. The display arrangement is coupled to a hinge configured to facilitate reversible access and containment of the display circuitry. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is part of a hierarchical control system. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to diagnose or direct a diagnosis of the display element. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to compensate or direct compensation for operation of the display arrangement. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to (i) diagnose or instruct a diagnosis to generate a diagnostic result, and (ii) use the diagnostic result to compensate or direct compensation for operation of the display member. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to adjust or direct the adjustment of the display arrangement to compensate for deviations from the intended operation of the display arrangement. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to monitor or direct monitoring a condition of a filter configured to filter the atmosphere. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to monitor or direct monitoring of the lifetime of the filter. In some embodiments, the condition includes the validity of a filter. In some embodiments, the condition includes a congestion state of the filter, a flow rate of atmospheric air through the filter, cumulative operating time, and/or durability. In some embodiments, the filter comprises a high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter. In some embodiments, the filter is configured to filter up to milli, micro, or nano scale particles. In some embodiments, the filter is configured to filter pathogens and/or particulate matter. In some embodiments, the filter is configured to filter out living and/or inanimate material. In some embodiments, a filter is included in the ventilation system. In some embodiments, the filter is disposed within an enclosure or within a vent leading to an enclosure in which the display arrangement is disposed. In some embodiments, the filter is disposed outside of the enclosure in which the display arrangement is disposed. In some embodiments, the filter is disposed on a fixture. In some embodiments, the fixture is a wall or window frame. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to monitor or direct monitoring a temperature of the display element. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to diagnose or instruct the diagnosis of the display element, at least in part, by monitoring or instructing monitoring the temperature of the display element. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to use the temperature of the display element to compensate or direct compensation for operation of the display element. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to monitor or direct monitoring the status of one or more pixels of the display arrangement. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to diagnose or direct a diagnosis of the display arrangement, at least in part, by monitoring or instructing monitoring the status of one or more pixels of the display arrangement. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to adjust or direct adjustment of an operation of the display arrangement based at least in part on a state of one or more pixels of the display arrangement. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to monitor or direct monitoring of operation of the at least one fan configured to operate with the display arrangement. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to diagnose or direct a diagnosis at least in part by monitoring or instructing monitoring operation of at least one fan configured to operate with the display arrangement. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to adjust or direct the adjustment of the operation of the display element based at least in part on the operation of the at least one fan. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to adjust or direct the adjustment of the display arrangement based at least in part on use of the at least one pixel of the display arrangement. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to adjust or direct the adjustment of the display element based at least in part on the temperature of the display element. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to operatively couple to at least one sensor including a pressure sensor, a gas flow sensor, a temperature sensor, or an electromagnetic sensor, and wherein the at least one controller is configured to operate the at least one sensor. and adjust or direct the adjustment of the operation of the display element based at least in part on the In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to regulate or direct adjustment of the operation of the display arrangement based at least in part on current, voltage, and/or power supplied to the display arrangement to achieve an intended purpose. In some embodiments, the at least one controller regulates or controls operation of the display arrangement based at least in part on current, voltage, and/or power supplied to at least one pixel of the display arrangement to achieve its intended purpose. is designed to instruct. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to cycle or direct cycling the display element after a predetermined time interval, wherein the cycling of the display element is displayed over time to reduce degradation of one or more pixels of the display element. Including modifying the media. In some embodiments, one or more pixels comprise light emitting diodes. In some embodiments, the light emitting diode is an organic light emitting diode. In some embodiments, the light emitting diode is at least partially transparent. In some embodiments, the predetermined time interval is adjusted based at least in part on a type of viewing of the display construct during a previous predetermined time interval. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to be operatively coupled to at least one touchscreen disposed proximate to the display arrangement, and wherein the at least one controller is at least in part for user tactile interaction with the at least one touchscreen. and adjust the media displayed on the display arrangement based on the In some embodiments, the at least one display element is a plurality of display elements configured to display a portion of the screen image, and the at least one controller is the plurality of elements based at least in part on a user tactile interaction with the at least one touchscreen. and adjust the media displayed on the screen. In some embodiments, the at least one touchscreen is a plurality of touchscreens, and the at least one controller is configured to allow a user to use the plurality of touchscreens as if it were a single touchscreen spanning the plurality of touchscreens. In some embodiments, the at least one touchscreen is a plurality of touchscreens including a first touchscreen having a first side immediately adjacent a second side of the second touchscreen. In some embodiments, immediately adjacent there is no other intervening touchscreen. In some embodiments, the first side contacts the second side via a binder. In some embodiments, the first side is free of a first panel, and/or the second side is free of a second panel. In some embodiments, the first side is bounded by a first panel, and/or the second side is bounded by a second panel. In some embodiments, the first panel comprises a sensor and emitter and/or the second panel comprises a sensor and emitter. In some embodiments, the at least one touchscreen is (a) parallel or substantially parallel to each other (b) disposed at a distance from each other, at least a portion of the at least one touchscreen disposed at a distance from each other—at least two sensors and operatively coupled with the emitter panel. In some embodiments, the at least one touchscreen is (a) disposed parallel or substantially parallel to each other (b) at a distance from each other, the distance being greater than one of the disposed at least one touchscreen; and configured to operatively couple with at least two sensor and emitter panels. In some embodiments, the at least two sensors and emitter panels are arranged such that radiation emitted by the emitters in the first panel can be sensed by the sensors in the second panel arranged parallel or substantially parallel to the first panel; The first panel and the second panel are included in at least two sensor and emitter panels.

In another aspect, a non-transitory computer program product for controlling media viewing, wherein the non-transitory computer program product contains embodied instructions, which, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to cause any of the above-mentioned devices. Lets you execute an action that includes the action of

In another aspect, a method for controlling media viewing includes displaying and/or manipulating electronic media on a display element, the display element comprising: (i) a display element and (ii) a tint when at least the tincture window is in a decolorized state. disposed adjacent to and mated to the tinted window for viewing by a user through the variable window, the display arrangement being at least partially transparent, and the tinting window having at least one decolored state and one tinted state; and optionally using (A) display circuitry configured to communicate with the display arrangement, and/or (B) (eg, at most one) fasteners configured to couple to the display arrangement.

In some embodiments, the display circuitry during operation and/or after installation, for example (A) a fastener from its support structure, (B) a display arrangement from a fastener, and/or (C) an E-box and/or or at least partially accessible without disassembling the power supply. The electrical box (eg, E-box) may include a timing controller of the display arrangement. In some embodiments, the fasteners (I) facilitate access to at least a portion of the display circuitry, (II) span at least thirty percent (30%) of a lateral length of the display arrangement, (III) exchange heat, and and/or (IV) a plurality of hinges. In some embodiments, the display circuitry engages without disassembling, for example (A) a fastener from its support structure, (B) a display arrangement from a fastener, and/or (C) an E-box and/or power supply. Reversibly accessible or contained using at least one hinge of the sphere. The electrical box (eg, E-box) may include a timing controller of the display arrangement. In some embodiments, the method further comprises diagnosing the display construct to form a diagnosis. In some embodiments, diagnosing the display construct is performed by at least one controller of the hierarchical control system. In some embodiments, the method further comprises using the diagnostics to compensate for one or more operations of the display arrangement. In some embodiments, the method further comprises adjusting the media displayed on the display arrangement based at least in part on a user tactile interaction with at least one touchscreen disposed proximate to the display arrangement. In some embodiments, the display elements are a plurality of display elements that display a portion of the screen image. In some embodiments, the method further comprises adjusting the media displayed on the plurality of display arrangements based at least in part on the user's tactile interaction with the at least one touchscreen. In some embodiments, the at least one touchscreen is a plurality of touchscreens. In some embodiments, the method further comprises the user using the plurality of touchscreens as if the plurality of touchscreens were a single touchscreen spanning the plurality of touchscreens.

In another aspect, a non-transitory computer program product for controlling media viewing, wherein the non-transitory computer program product contains embodied instructions, which, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to cause any of the above-mentioned methods. Lets you execute an action that includes the action of

In another aspect, a method of maintaining a media display includes (a) displaying electronic media on a display arrangement that includes a light illuminating component; (b) sensing media displayed by a light projection component of a display arrangement using at least one sensor to generate sensor data; (c) using the sensor data to evaluate a state of at least one of the light illumination components by comparing the displayed media with the media requested to be displayed; and (d) (i) adjusting the dosage of at least one of the light irradiation components to irradiate to a requested irradiation level of the media to be displayed, and/or (ii) when a state of at least one of the light irradiation components is below a threshold value. , using the control system to predict maintenance of the display arrangement, the control system operatively coupled to the display arrangement and the at least one sensor.

In some embodiments, maintaining the display arrangement includes replacing the display arrangement. In some embodiments, control includes a hierarchy of controllers. In some embodiments, the method further comprises controlling the enclosure in which the display arrangement is disposed using the control system. In some embodiments, the method further comprises using the control system to control the atmosphere of the enclosure in which the display arrangement is disposed. In some embodiments, the method further comprises using the building management system to control the building in which the display arrangement is disposed, the control system coupled to and/or controlled to the building management system. In some embodiments, the method further comprises controlling the cycling irradiation of at least one of the light irradiation components using the control system. In some embodiments, the method further comprises using or directing use of the learning module to predict maintenance of at least one of the light irradiation components using the control system. In some embodiments, the control system is communicatively coupled to a network configured to provide data and/or power to the display arrangement.

In another aspect, a non-transitory computer program product for maintaining a media display, wherein the non-transitory computer program product contains embodied instructions, which, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform the method described above. Lets you execute an action that includes an arbitrary action.

In another aspect, an apparatus for maintaining a media display comprises at least one controller comprising circuitry, the at least one controller being operatively coupled to (a) a display arrangement and at least one sensor; , (b) instruct the display arrangement to display the electronic media, the display arrangement comprising a light emitting component; (c) instruct the at least one sensor to sense media displayed by the light projection component of the display arrangement to generate sensor data; (d) use or direct the use of the sensor data to evaluate a status of at least one of the light illumination components by comparing the displayed media to the requested media; (e) instruct at least one of the light illuminating components to adjust the dosage to irradiate the at least one of the light illuminating components to a requested illumination level of the media to be displayed, and/or (f) a state of the at least one light illuminating component predict or indicate predictive maintenance of the display arrangement when is less than a threshold value.

In some embodiments, maintenance of the display arrangement includes replacement of the display arrangement. In some embodiments, control includes a hierarchy of controllers. In some embodiments, the control system is configured to control the enclosure in which the display arrangement is disposed. In some embodiments, the control system is configured to control in the atmosphere of the enclosure in which the display arrangement is disposed. In some embodiments, the control system is configured for a building management system that controls the building in which the display arrangement is disposed. In some embodiments, the control system is configured to control the cycling irradiation of at least one of the light irradiation components. In some embodiments, the control system is configured to use or direct the use of the learning module to predict maintenance of at least one of the light irradiation components. In some embodiments, the learning module comprises a neural network. In some embodiments, the learning module includes one or more deep learning algorithms. In some embodiments, the control system is communicatively coupled to a network configured to provide data and/or power to the display arrangement.

In another aspect, a non-transitory computer program product for maintaining a media display, the non-transitory computer program product containing embodied instructions, which, when executed by one or more processors, causes the one or more processors to cause at least one of the above-mentioned Executes an operation including any operation of the controller.

In some embodiments, a method of viewing media comprises viewing media on a display arrangement operatively coupled to a viewing (eg, tinting) window using any of the systems and/or devices disclosed herein. start

In some embodiments, a method of viewing an external environment of a viewing window is disclosed herein while a display arrangement, for example, is operatively coupled to a viewing (eg, tinted) window and is within the external environment and the user's line of sight. Viewing the external environment of a viewing (eg, tinting) window using any of the systems and/or devices is disclosed.

In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method of using, for example, any system and/or apparatus disclosed herein for its intended purpose.

In another aspect, this disclosure provides a system, apparatus (eg, controller), and/or non-transitory computer-readable medium (eg, software) implementing any of the methods disclosed herein.

In another aspect, an apparatus includes at least one controller programmed to direct a mechanism used to implement (eg, execute) any method disclosed herein, the at least one controller being operative to the mechanism. are combined

In another aspect, an apparatus includes at least one controller configured (eg, programmed) to implement (eg, execute) a method disclosed herein. At least one controller may implement any of the methods disclosed herein.

In another aspect, a system includes at least one other device (or component thereof), and at least one controller programmed to direct operation of the device (or component thereof), wherein the at least one controller comprises the device (or component thereof). operatively coupled to An apparatus (or a component thereof) may include any apparatus (or a component thereof) disclosed herein. The at least one controller may direct any device (or component thereof) disclosed herein.

In another aspect, a computer software product comprising a non-transitory computer readable medium having stored thereon program instructions, the instructions, when read by a computer, cause the computer to cause a mechanism (eg, an apparatus and/or any ) to implement (eg, execute) any method disclosed herein, wherein the non-transitory computer-readable medium is operatively coupled to the mechanism. The mechanism may include any apparatus (or any component thereof) disclosed herein.

In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising machine-executable code that, when executed by one or more computer processors, implements any of the methods disclosed herein.

In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising machine-executable code that, when executed by one or more computer processors, executes instructions of a controller(s) (eg, as disclosed herein). provides

In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a computer system comprising one or more computer processors and a non-transitory computer-readable medium coupled thereto. The non-transitory computer readable medium includes machine executable code that, when executed by one or more computer processors, implements any of the methods disclosed herein and/or executes the instructions of the controller(s) disclosed herein.

Additional aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will become readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description in which only exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown and described. As will be appreciated, the present disclosure is capable of other and different embodiments, and its several details are capable of modification in various obvious respects, all without departing from the present disclosure. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be considered illustrative in nature and not restrictive.

These and other features and embodiments will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

Incorporation by reference

All publications, patents, and patent applications mentioned in this specification are incorporated herein by reference to the same extent as if each individual publication, patent, or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference.

The novel features of the invention are particularly set forth in the appended claims. A better understanding of the features and advantages of the present invention may be obtained by reference to the following detailed description, which sets forth exemplary embodiments in which the principles of the present invention are employed, and the accompanying drawings or schematics (also "Figures" herein) There will be.
1A and 1B illustrate various window and display configurations.
2 schematically illustrates a display arrangement assembly;
3 schematically illustrates a display arrangement assembly;
4 schematically shows a hinge.
5 schematically illustrates various fastener and display assembly assemblies.
6 schematically illustrates various fasteners, display assembly assemblies, and wiring.
7 schematically illustrates various fastener and display assembly assemblies.
8 schematically depicts various views of a display arrangement assembly and applicator.
9 schematically depicts various views of a display arrangement assembly.
10 schematically illustrates various fastener options and display assembly assemblies.
11 schematically illustrates various operations of forming a display assembly assembly.
12 schematically illustrates various fastener and display assembly assemblies.
13 schematically depicts the various layers of an electrochromic construction.
14A and 14B schematically show various views of an integrated glass unit.
Fig. 15 schematically shows the control hierarchy scheme and the building.
16 schematically shows a processing system.
17 schematically shows a display assembly assembly and a controller and power supply assembly.
18 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a method of operation of a display arrangement.
19 is a flow diagram illustrating an example of a method of operation for a display arrangement.
20 schematically shows a control scheme for a display arrangement.
21A and 21B schematically illustrate various window and display arrangements.
22A and 22B schematically illustrate various window and display arrangements.
23 schematically illustrates various window and display arrangements.
24 schematically illustrates various window and display arrangements.
25 schematically illustrates various window and display arrangements.
26 schematically shows an exploded view (eg, exploded view) of a box including circuitry;
27a and 27b schematically show various views of a box comprising circuitry;
28 schematically shows a display arrangement and related components.
29A-29D schematically illustrate various display arrangements.
30A and 30B schematically illustrate various display arrangements.
31A and 31B schematically illustrate various display arrangements.
32 schematically shows an exploded view (eg, exploded view) of a box including circuitry;
33a to 33d schematically show various views of a box comprising circuitry;
34a to 34e schematically show various views of a box comprising circuitry;
35 schematically depicts various views of a display arrangement and associated components (eg, portions thereof).
36 schematically depicts various views of a display arrangement and associated components (eg, portions thereof).
37 schematically depicts various views of a display arrangement and associated components (eg, portions thereof).
38 schematically depicts various views of a display arrangement and associated components (eg, portions thereof).
39 schematically depicts various views of a display arrangement and associated components (eg, portions thereof).
40 schematically depicts various views of portions of a display arrangement and associated components (eg, portions thereof).
41 schematically depicts various views of a display arrangement and associated components (eg, portions thereof).
42 schematically depicts various views of a portion of a display arrangement and associated components.
43 schematically shows various views of parts of a fastener and associated components;
The drawings and components may not be drawn to scale. Various components of the drawings described herein may not be drawn to scale.

While various embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described herein, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that such embodiments are provided by way of example only. Numerous modifications, changes, and substitutions can be devised by those skilled in the art without departing from the present invention. It should be understood that various alternatives to the embodiments of the invention described herein may be utilized.

Terms such as “a,” “an,” and “the” are not intended to refer to only a single entity, but may encompass general classes of which specific examples may be used for purposes of illustration. Although the terminology of this application is used to describe particular embodiments of the invention(s), its use is not intended to limit the invention(s).

When referring to a range, the range is meant to include the boundary value unless otherwise specified. For example, a range between values 1 and 2 is meant to include the boundary value, and includes values 1 and 2. A range inclusive of the boundary value will span any value from about value 1 to about value 2. As used herein, the terms “adjacent” or “adjacent to” include “next to”, “adjacent to”, “contacting with” and “adjacent to”.

The term “operably coupled” or “operably coupled” refers to a first element (eg, coupled to) coupled to (eg, coupled to) a second element to permit the intended operation of the second and/or first element. Mechanism, for example). Bonding may include physical or non-physical bonding. Non-physical coupling may include signal inductive coupling (eg, wireless coupling). Coupling may include physical coupling (eg, physically coupled) or non-physical coupling (eg, via wireless communication).

An element (eg, a mechanism) "configured" to perform a function includes structural features that cause the element to perform the function. Structural features may include electrical features such as circuit parts or circuit elements. Structural features may include circuitry (including, for example, electrical or optical circuitry). The electrical circuit unit may include one or more wirings. The optical circuitry may include at least one optical element (eg, a beamsplitter, mirror, lens and/or optical fiber). Structural features may include mechanical features. Mechanical features may include latches, springs, closures, hinges, chassis, supports, fasteners or cantilevers, and the like. Performing a function may include using a logical feature. Logical features may include programming instructions. The programming instructions may be executable by at least one processor. The programming instructions may be stored on or encoded on a medium accessible (eg, non-transitory) by one or more processors.

In some embodiments, the display arrangement is associated with a viewing (eg, tinting viewing) window. The viewing window may include an integrated glass unit. The display arrangement may include one or more glass panes. A display (eg, a display matrix) may include light emitting diodes (LEDs). An LED may include an organic material (eg, an organic light emitting diode abbreviated as “OLED” in this application). OLEDs may include transparent organic light emitting diode displays (abbreviated herein as “TOLEDs”), where TOLEDs are at least partially transparent. A display may have 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, 6000, 7000 or 8000 pixels at its base length scale. The display may have any number of pixels on its base length scale between the aforementioned number of pixels (eg, about 2000 pixels to about 4000 pixels, about 4000 pixels to about 8000 pixels, or about 2000 pixels to about 8000 pixels). can The default length scale may include the diameter, length, width or height of the bounding circle. The basic length scale may be abbreviated as “FLS” in this application. The display arrangement may include a high resolution display. For example, a display element may be at least about 550, 576, 680, 720, 768, 1024, 1080, 1920, 1280, 2160, 3840, 4096, 4320, or 7680 pixels by at least about 550, 576, 680, 720, 768 , 1024, 1080, 1280, 1920, 2160, 3840, 4096, 4320 or 7680 pixels (at 30Hz or 60Hz). The first number of pixels may specify the height of the display and the second pixel may specify the length of the display. For example, the display may be a high resolution display having a resolution of 1920 Х 1080, 3840 Х 2160, 4096 Х 2160, or 7680 Х 4320. The display may be a standard-definition display, an enhanced-definition display, a high-definition display, or an ultra-high-definition display. The display may be rectangular. The image projected by the display matrix may be refreshed at a frequency (eg, refresh rate) of at least about 20 Hz, 30 Hz, 60 Hz, 70 Hz, 75 Hz, 80 Hz, 100 Hz, or 120 Hz (Hz). The FLS of the display arrangement may be at least 20", 25", 30", 35", 40", 45", 50", 55", 60", 65", 80", or 90 inches ("). The FLS of the display construct can be any value between the values described above (eg, from about 20" to about 55", from about 55" to about 100", or from about 20" to about 100").

In some embodiments, at least a portion of a window surface of a facility is used to display various media using a glass display arrangement. The display may be used, for example, to view (eg, at least partially) an environment (eg, an outdoor environment) outside the window when the display is not in operation. The display may be configured to augment the external scene using (eg, optical) overlays, augmented reality, and/or lighting (eg, the display may act as a light source) (eg, as disclosed herein). ) can be used to display media. Media may be used for entertainment and non-entertainment purposes. The media may be used for work (eg, data analysis, drafting and/or video conferencing). Media may be manipulated (eg, using a display construct). Using a display construct may be direct or indirect. An indirect use of the media may be using an input device such as an electronic mouse or keyboard. The input device may be communicatively coupled (eg, wired and/or wirelessly) to the media. Direct use may be using the display element as a touchscreen using a user (eg, a finger) or a directing device (eg, an electronic pen or stylus). The pointing device may be made of and/or coated with a low abrasion material (eg, a polymer). The low-abrasive material can be configured to facilitate (eg, repeatedly) contacting the display construction while minimizing damage (eg, scratches) to the display construction. The low wear material may include a polymer or resin (eg, plastic). The pointing device may be passive or active. The active pointing device may be operatively coupled to the display arrangement and/or to the network. The active pointing device may include circuitry. The active pointing device may include a remote controller. The pointing device may facilitate directing an action related to the media presented by the display arrangement. The pointing device may facilitate interaction (eg, in real time and/or in situ) with media presented by the display arrangement.

Embodiments described herein relate to viewing windows having a tandem (eg, transparent) display arrangement. In certain embodiments, the visible window is an electrochromic window. Electrochromic windows may include solid-state and/or inorganic electrochromic (EC) devices. The viewing window may be in the form of an integrated glass unit (IGU). When an IGU comprises an electrochromic (abbreviated "EC" in this application) device, it may be referred to as an "EC IGU". An EC IGU may tint (eg darken) the room in which it is placed and/or may provide a tinted (eg darker) background compared to a non-tinted IGU. A tinted IGU can provide a desirable (eg, necessary) background for acceptable (eg, good) contrast in a (eg, transparent) display configuration. In another example, a window having a (eg, transparent) display configuration may replace a television (abbreviated herein as “TV”) in commercial and residential applications. A (eg, transparent) display construct and an EC IGU together may provide a visual privacy glass function, for example, as the display may enhance the privacy provided by the EC glass alone. Embodiments disclosed herein also describe specific methods, apparatus, and systems for mounting a display arrangement (eg, a transparent display) to a frame system of a visible window.

1A shows an example of a fastener structure 104 comprising a window 102 surrounded by a window frame 103 (partial view shown) and a first hinge 105a and a second hinge 105b; , the hinge facilitates rotating the display arrangement 101 about the hinge axis, for example in the direction of arrow 111 . The window may be an electrochromic window. The window may be in the form of an EC IGU. In one embodiment, one or more display elements (eg, transparent displays) (eg, 101 ) that are at least partially transparent are mounted to a window frame (eg, 103 ). In one embodiment, one or more display constructs (eg, transparent displays) include T-OLED technology, although it should be understood that the present invention is not to be limited by or to such technology. In one embodiment, one or more display elements (eg, transparent displays) are mounted to a frame (eg, 103 ) via a fastener structure (eg, 104 ). In one embodiment, the fastener structure (also referred to herein as a “fastener”) includes a bracket. In one embodiment, the fastener structure includes an L-bracket. In one embodiment, the L-bracket includes a length that approximates or equals the length of the side of the window (eg, the length of fastener 104 in the example shown in FIG. 1A as well). In an embodiment, the default length scale (eg, length) of a window is at most 60 feet ('), 50', 40', 30', 25', 20', 15', 10', 5' or 1'. am. The FLS of the window can be any value between the values described above (eg, 1' to 60', 1' to 30', 30' to 60', or 10' to 40'). In an embodiment, the default length scale (eg, length) of the window is at least about 50', 60', 80', or 100'. In one embodiment, a display arrangement (eg, a transparent display) includes an area that matches (eg, substantially) a surface area of a lite (eg, pane). The fastener structure may be mounted to a structure (eg, a frame portion such as a door jamb) via a locking mechanism (eg, snap lock) and/or via screw(s), eg, slip and snap attachments. can be configured for The fastener may include a mounting plate. A fastener may be configured such that its associated cabling and/or wiring resides in a support structure cavity (eg, a frame portion) without applying pressure to the support structure (eg, a fixture). The support structure may include a clip (eg, a spring clip) to hold the fastener in place.

In certain embodiments, the area of the display approximates the visible area of the window (eg, the area within the frame system of the window (eg, see 1 in FIG. 1B )). In one embodiment, the one or more display elements (eg, transparent displays) together cover (eg, approximately and/or substantially) the visible area of the window (eg, see 2 and 3 of FIG. 1B ) ). In one embodiment, the transparent display (eg, tinting) encompasses an area that is about half the visible area of the window. In one embodiment, two or more displays are mounted over a single viewing window (see 2 and 3 in FIG. 1B ). The display arrangement may cover at least a portion of the (eg, tinted) window. The display component comprises at least about 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99 of the visible portion of the (eg, tinted) window. % can be covered. The area occupied by the display arrangement may be the entire (100%) of the visible portion of the (eg, tinted) window. The area occupied by the display construct can be any percentage of the visible portion of the (eg, tinted) window between the percentages described above (eg, between about 10% and about 100%, between about 10% and about 50). %, or from about 50% to about 100%). Occasionally, a plurality of display elements may cover a (eg, tinted) window. The display arrangement may be mounted in one or more layouts and/or configurations, for example, to maximize design flexibility. A plurality of fasteners may be coupled (eg, each) to the plurality of display structures (eg, to allow rotation of the display arrangement). FIG. 1B shows an example of various windows on a façade 120 of a building, which façade includes windows 122 , 123 , 121 and display elements 1 , 2 , 3 . In the example shown in FIG. 1B , the display arrangement 1 is at least partially transparent, the window 123 being entirely covered by the display arrangement and allowing a user to pass through the display arrangement 1 and the window 123 to the external environment (eg It is disposed over the window 123 (eg, the display arrangement 1 is superimposed over the window 123 ) to view flowers, glass, trees). The display element 1 is coupled to the window with fasteners that facilitate rotation of the display element about an axis parallel to the lower horizontal edge of the window, the rotation being in the direction of arrow 127 . In the example shown in FIG. 1B , display arrangements 2 and 3 are at least partially transparent to the two display arrangements each covering (eg, extending over) about half of the surface area of window 121 . The entire window 121 is covered by the window 121 and disposed over the window 121 so that the user can view the external environment (eg, flowers, glass, and trees) through the display elements 2 and 3 and the window 121 . Display element 2 is coupled to window 121 with fasteners that facilitate rotation of the display element about an axis parallel to the left vertical edge of the window, the rotation being in the direction of arrow 126 . The display element 3 is coupled to the window with fasteners that facilitate rotation of the display element about an axis parallel to the right vertical edge of the window 121 , the rotation being in the direction of arrow 125 .

In some embodiments, the display arrangement is coupled to a structure (eg, a fixture). The structure may include a window, wall or board. The display arrangement may be coupled to the structure with fasteners. For example, when the display element is in operation, there may be a distance between the display element and the structure. The distance may be up to about 0.5 meters (m), 0.4 m, 0.3 m, 0.2 m, 0.1 m, 0.05 m, 0.025 m, or 0.01 m.

In some embodiments, the E-box is operatively coupled to or includes a power supply. The power supply may be an electrical device that supplies power to an electrical load. The power supply may convert the current from the source to the correct voltage, current and/or frequency to power the load. The power supply limits the current drawn by the load to a safe level (e.g., according to jurisdiction and/or safety standards), shuts off the current (e.g. in case of an electrical fault), and (e.g., Regulates power, corrects power factor (to prevent electronic noise and/or voltage surges from the input from reaching the load), and/or facilitates continuous operation of the load (e.g., if source power is temporarily interrupted) to store energy). The load may be a media display (eg, an OLED display). The power supply may be a power converter. The power supply may be a separate standalone device. A power supply may be included in the E-box. The standalone power supply device may be placed in a fixture-like structure. The structure may include a window frame portion (eg, a doorpost or crosspiece) or a wall. The power supply device may be positioned at a distance from the E-box and/or the timing controller. The distance may be at least about 30 feet ('), 50', 100', 200', 300'. The E-box may or may not be part of the fastener (eg, attached to the fastener). In some embodiments, the E-box (eg, including any analog to a digital converter) may be positioned at a distance from the fastener (eg, not part of the fastener).

In some embodiments, the housing of the electronic component (eg, circuitry) includes at least one heat exchanger. For example, an E-box, power supply housing, and/or timing controller housing (eg, fastener) may include one or more heat exchangers (eg, as disclosed herein). The heat exchanger may be a fan. The heat exchanger may be passive or active. The heat exchanger may include a heat pipe. A heat exchanger may include components configured to efficiently absorb and/or transfer heat. For example, the heat exchanger may include a metal slab (eg, a heat sink). The metal slab may include elemental metals or metal alloys.

In some embodiments, a housing (eg, fastener) of an electronic component may include one or more fans. A fan may direct a gas (eg, air) from one of its sides to the other (eg, propel the gas into or draw gas from the surrounding environment). The fan rotation direction may determine its gas propulsion/traction function. A fan may have a default length scale (eg, height, length, width, radius, or radius of a bounding circle). The basic length scale FLS of a fan can be up to about 5 centimeters (cm), 4 cm, 3 cm, 2.5 cm, 2 cm, 1.5 cm, 1 cm, or 0.5 cm. The FLS can have any value between the values described above (eg, from about 5 cm to about 0.5 cm, from about 5 cm to about 2 cm, or from about 2 cm to about 0.5 cm). The height and length of the fan may be (eg, substantially) the same. The width of the pan may be up to about half, 1/3, 1/4 or 1/5 the height and/or length of the pan. The fan may have a plurality of blades (eg, at least 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 blades). In some embodiments, the fan may be bladeless. The fan may require low voltages, for example up to about 1.5 volts (V), 2V, 3V, 4V, 5V, 6V, 7V, 8V, 9V or 10V. The fan speed is at least about 5 KRPM (thousand revolutions per minute), 5.5 KRPM, 6 KRPM, 6.5 KRPM, 7 KRPM, 7.5 KRPM, 8 KRPM, 8.5 KRPM, 9 KRPM, 9.5 KRPM, 10 KRPM, 10.5 KRPM, 11 KRPM , 11.5 KRPM or 12 KRPM. The fan may have a low noise signature. The low noise signature can be up to about 10.0 decibels (dbA), 15 dbA, 20, 25 dbA or 30 dbA, wherein the dbA value is adjusted to change the sensitivity of the human ear to different frequencies of sound. The low noise signature may be lower than speaking (eg, about 65 dbA). The low-noise signature is, at best, a breathing noise (e.g., about 10 dbA), a quiet laboratory (e.g., about 20 dbA), a soft whisper (e.g., about 40 dbA), or an office environment (e.g., about 50 dbA to about 65 dbA). ) can be about. The noise level of the fan may comply with jurisdictional standards (eg, standards published by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)). The weight of the pan may be up to about 5 grams (g), 6 grams, 8 grams, or 10 grams. The fan is at least about 0.02 cubic meters per minute (M ³ /min), 0.03 M ³ /min, 0.04 M ³ /min, 0.05 M ³ /min, 0.06 M ³ /min, 0.07 M ³ /min, 0.08 M ³ /min , can have an air conduction capacity of 0.09 M ³ /min, 0.1 M ³ /min, 0.15 M ³ /min, 0.2 M ³ /min, 0.3 M ³ /min, 0.4 M ³ /min, or 0.5 M ³ /min there is. The fan may have a conduction capacity between any of the conducting capacities recited herein (eg, from about 0.02 M ³ /min to about 0.05 M ³ /min, from about 0.05 M ³ /min to about 0.1 M ³ /min. min, or from about 0.1 M ³ /min to about 0.5 M ³ /min).

In some embodiments, at least two of the plurality of circuit boards may be disposed in a manner that facilitates a shield, heat exchange, and/or cooling element disposed therebetween. The at least one shielding element may be disposed between a first circuit board and a second circuit board positioned adjacent to each other (eg, directly). The shielding element may include an electrical and/or electromagnetic (eg, radiofrequency) shield. The shield may or may not act as a heat exchanger and/or cooling element. The housing of the electronic component may include a heat exchanger and/or cooling element separate from the shield. The heat exchanger and/or cooling element may comprise a heat pipe or a metal slab. The metal may include elemental metals or metal alloys. The metal may be configured for (eg, efficient and/or rapid) thermal conduction. The metal may include copper, aluminum, brass, steel or bronze. The cooling element may comprise a fluid, gas, or semi-solid (eg, gel) material. The cooling element may be active and/or passive. The cooling element may comprise a circulating material. The cooling element may be operatively coupled to an active cooling device (eg, a thermostat, cooler, and/or refrigerator). The active cooling device may be disposed external to the device ensemble housing. The cooling element may be disposed in a fixture (eg, a floor, ceiling, wall or frame) of an enclosure (eg, a building or room) in which the housing of the electronic component is disposed. The fixture may include a mullion or transom.

In some embodiments, the display structure assembly may receive one or more connector types for media signals and/or electricity. At least one connector and/or socket to one or more drivers and/or receivers for use, for example, in serial communication systems (eg RS485 (input and output)). Connector and/or socket types may include HDMI, DisplayPort (DP) inputs and/or outputs, or alternating current (AC) inputs and/or switches. 17 shows a controller and power supply including HDMI input 1701 , DP1 input 1702 , RS485 input 1703 , AC switch and AC input 1704 , RS485 output 1705 , and DP output 1706 . An example of a side view of an assembly 1700 is shown. 17 shows an exploded (eg, exploded) perspective view of the controller and power supply assembly 1710 , including the main power line 1711 , the window controller 1712 , the IGU 1715 , and the frame cap 1718 . ) (sometimes referred to as a "beauty cap"), window frame 1719, circuitry 1716 (including, for example, boosters and/or drivers for the display matrix), hinge (e.g., hinge 1717) )), a display arrangement 1714 , a cover 1720 , and a display arrangement frame (eg, an edge bezel) 1713 for the display arrangement. The display element frame may be a cover of the touchscreen component(s). The window controller may be placed on the side of the window, closer to or further away from the window. The window controller may be disposed on (or on) the window frame, on (or on) the wall, on (or on) the ceiling, on (or on) the floor. A hinge may or may not be temporarily locked (eg, using an insert (eg, a slit or gap), a protrusion, and/or a spring (eg, a spring plunger)).

In some embodiments, the display arrangement is mated with a viewing window (eg, an integrated glass unit abbreviated as “IGU” in this application). The display arrangement may be configured to be positioned on at least a portion of the (eg, tinted) window. For example, the display arrangement may be configured to overlap at least a portion of a window. The display arrangement may be configured to facilitate simultaneous viewing from one side of the window (eg, the interior environment) to an opposite side thereof (eg, the exterior environment). The display element may be positioned within the line of sight of a user viewing through the window (or any portion thereof).

In some embodiments, the controller is operatively coupled (eg, communicatively coupled) with the display arrangement. Communication may be wired and/or wireless. The controller may at least partially automatically control the display arrangement. The controller may be, for example, a timing controller (eg, T-CON) as disclosed herein. Controls may include electronic and/or optical controls. The controller may include a microcontroller. The controller may be disposed adjacent the glass (eg, IGU) and/or the display structure. The controller may be placed on a window frame (eg, a crosspiece or doorpost). In some embodiments, the doorpost (eg, FIGS. 1B, 131 ) is a vertical extension of the window frame and the crosspiece (eg, FIGS. 1B , 130 ) is a horizontal extension of the window frame. The window frame may hold (eg, directly or indirectly) the glass and/or display structure. The glass may be a tunable glass. The tunable glass may be controlled (eg, using at least one controller). For example, tunable glass can be controlled by a controller layer (see, eg, FIG. 15 ). The hierarchy of controllers can be static or dynamic (eg, when the hierarchical designation of controllers changes dynamically). The one or more controllers controlling the viewing (eg, tinting) window may or may not control a display element (also referred to herein as a “media display element”).

In some embodiments, the display construction includes glass. The glass may be in the form of one or more glass plates. For example, a display arrangement may include a display matrix (eg, an array of lights) disposed between two glass plates. The array of lights may include an array of color lights. For example, an array of red, green and blue colored lights. For example, an array of cyan, magenta and yellow colored lights. The array of lights may include an illumination color used in an electronic screen display. The lighting array may include an array of LEDs (eg, OLEDs, eg TOLEDs). A matrix display (eg, an array of lights) may be at least partially transparent (eg, to an average human eye). Transparent OLEDs exhibit a transition of a significant fraction (eg, greater than about 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 80%, 90%, or 95%) of an intensity and/or wavelength that the average human eye detects. can be done easily A matrix display can form a minimal distraction to the user viewing through the array. The array of lights may form a minimal distraction to a user viewing through the window in which the array is disposed. The display matrix (eg, the lighting array) may be as transparent as possible. At least one glass plate of the display arrangement may have a regular glass thickness. Ordinary glass may have a thickness of at least about 1 millimeter (mm), 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, or 6 mm. Ordinary glass can have a thickness of any of the values described above (eg, 1 mm to 6 mm, 1 mm to 3 mm, 3 mm to about 4 mm, or 4 mm to 6 mm). At least one glass plate of the display arrangement may be a thin glass thickness. The thin glass may have a thickness of up to about 0.4 millimeters (mm), 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, or 0.9 mm thick. The thin glass can have a thickness of any of the values described above (eg, 0.4 mm to 0.9 mm, 0.4 mm to 0.7 mm, or 0.5 mm to 0.9 mm). The glass of the display construction may be at least transmissive (eg, in the visible spectrum). For example, the glass may be at least about 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or 99% transparent. The glass can have a transmittance percentage value of any of the percentages described above (eg, from about 80% to about 99%). The display construction may include one or more panes (eg, glass panes). For example, the display arrangement may include a plurality (eg, two) panes of glass. The glass plates may have (eg, substantially) the same thickness or different thicknesses. The front pane may be thicker than the rear pane. The back pane may be thicker than the front pane. The front can be the expected orientation of the viewer (eg, looking at the display arrangement 101 , in front of the display arrangement 101 ). The back side may be the direction of the (eg, tinted) window (eg, 102 ). One glass may be thicker than the other. The thicker glass may be at least about 1.25*, 1.5*, 2*, 2.5*, 3*, 3.5*, or 4* thicker than the thinner glass. The symbol "*" represents the mathematical operation of "multiple". The transmittance of a display construction (including one or more panes and a display matrix (eg, a lighting array or LCD)) is at least about 20%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 60%, It can be 70%, 80% or 90%. The display constructs may vary between any of the percentages described above (eg, from about 20% to about 90%, from about 20% to about 50%, from about 20% to about 40%, from about 30% to about 40%, about 40% to about 80%, or from about 50% to about 90%) transmittance percentage value. A higher percentage of transmittance means a higher intensity and/or broader spectrum of light passing through a material (eg, glass). The transmittance may be a transmittance of visible light. Transmittance can be measured as visible transmittance (abbreviated as “Tvis” in this application), which refers to the amount of light in the visible portion of the spectrum that passes through a material. The transmittance may be relative to the intensity of the incident light. The display arrangement may transmit at least about 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or 99% of the visible spectrum of light (eg, the wavelength spectrum) therethrough. The display construct may transmit a percentage value between any of the percentages described above (eg, between about 80% and about 99%). In some embodiments, instead of an illumination array, a liquid crystal display is used. 2 shows a schematic example of a display assembly assembly 200 before its lamination, the display assembly comprising a thicker glass plate 205 , a first adhesive layer 204 , a display matrix 203 , and a second adhesive layer 202 . ), and a thinner glass plate 201 , wherein the matrix is connected via wiring 211 to circuitry 212 that controls at least one aspect of the display arrangement, the display arrangement being coupled to a fastener 213 .

The display matrix has reflectivity and/or color properties. The display matrix may be color, grayscale or black and white. The display matrix may have a color depth. The color depth may be at least about 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.25, or 1.5 billion colors. The color depth can be any value between the values described above (eg, from about 250 million colors to about 1.5 billion colors, from about 250 million colors to about 1.25 billion colors, or from about 1 billion colors to about 1.5 billion colors). The display arrangement may have a contrast ratio of at least about 100000, 120000, 150000, 170000, or 200000 to 1. The display arrangement may have a contrast ratio between any of the reference values above to 1 (eg, from about 100000:1 to about 200000:1, from about 100000:1 to about 150000:1, or from about 150000:1 to about 200000:1) ) can have The reflectivity of the display arrangement may be up to about 2%, 4%, 8%, 10%, 14%, or 18%. The reflectivity of the display arrangement can have any value between the values described above (eg, from about 2% to about 18%, or from about 2% to about 14%).

In some embodiments, at least one glass plate in the display arrangement and/or IGU is strengthened. At least one glass of the display construction and/or the IGU may be natural glass (eg, that has not undergone a tempering and/or tempering process). The glass may be tempered glass. Tempered glass may be thermally strengthened, thermally tempered or chemically strengthened. The chemically strengthened glass may be a chemically strengthened glass. The chemically strengthened glass may include Gorilla Glass. The glass may include used SentryGlass ^(R) . Chemically strengthened glass may include one or more ion (eg, cation) doped glass. The cation may be an alkali (eg potassium) or alkaline earth cation. The glass may include one or more pigments. Glass can allow for (eg, wavelength and/or intensity) transition of UV light therethrough. Glass can reduce (eg, prevent) penetration of UV light (eg, wavelength and/or intensity) therethrough. The glass may absorb at least a portion (eg, wavelength and/or intensity) of UV light. In some embodiments, the glass may include a surface treatment (eg, sanding).

In some embodiments, the display construction may include a binder (eg, a laminate and/or an adhesive). In some embodiments, the display construction may include a binder comprising a polymer and/or a resin. A binder may be disposed between the glass plate and the display matrix. The binder may be selected to facilitate formation of the construct (eg, adhesion of the display matrix to the glass plate) with minimal (eg, no damage) to the display matrix. The binder may be cured by heat and/or UV treatment. The temperature of the heat treatment may be such that it does minimally damage the display matrix (eg, no measurable and/or significant damage to the display matrix). Not damaging the array to a significant extent can mean not damaging the array to such an extent that it affects the intended purpose of the array (eg, performance as a display according to its specifications). The binder may include at least one organic polymer. The at least one organic polymer may include polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), polyacrylamide, or SGP resin (eg, SGP 5000 from Dupont). The binder may include, for example, an ocA by 3M (eg, 3M 8211, 3M 8212, 3M 8213, 3M 8214, 3M 8215, 3M 8171, or 3M 8172). The polymer(s) may allow (eg, wavelength and/or intensity) transfer of UV light therethrough. The polymer may reduce (eg, prevent) the penetration of UV light (eg, wavelength and/or intensity) therethrough. The polymer may absorb at least a portion (eg, wavelength and/or intensity) of UV light.

In some embodiments, the display arrangement includes a stack. The display arrangement may include a tincture device (eg, an electrochromic device). The tinting device may be stacked on a display arrangement (to form a single display arrangement unit). For example, the display construction may include a deposited electrochromic layer construction (eg, deposited on the backside of a media display (eg, on the backside of an LED)). The display construction may include one or more layers (eg, deposited and/or laminated layers) to protect the media display from radiation (eg, UV and/or IR radiation). Additional layering may constitute the film (eg, an electrochromic device, a UV protective layer, and/or an IR protective layer). The film may be part of the display construction. The film may facilitate a longer operating life of the display construction. Films can facilitate greater contrast of the displayed media. A display construct (eg, comprising an electrochromic film) may be coupled to a tincture (eg, electrochromic) window. The film may constitute any tunable window capability (eg, a liquid crystal device, a suspended particle device, a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) device (eg, a micro shutter), or any technology configured to control light transmission through the window). can The liquid crystal device may include a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer.

In some embodiments, the display construction may include a binder in the form of at least one layer. The binder may include at least one optically clear adhesive layer (abbreviated herein as an “ocA” layer). For example, the display construction may include two binder layers. The binder layer may have a thickness of at least about 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, or 1 mm. The binder layer can have a thickness of any value between the values described above (eg, from about 0.2 mm to about 1 mm, from about 0.2 mm to about 0.6 mm, or from about 0.7 to about 1 mm). The binder thickness may be selected to sufficiently bond the constructs to form high tolerance constructs that can be machine cut (eg, have high die cutting machine tolerances) while minimizing weight, for example. can The binder may increase the durability and/or optical properties of the display construction as compared to the display construction without the binder. The binder may be (eg, substantially and/or completely) transparent (eg, to visible light). The binder may be colorless. The binder may contact the (eg, largest) surface of the display matrix and the (eg, largest) surface of the pane (eg, glass plate), thereby bonding the display matrix to the pane. The binder may contribute minimally (eg, no contribution) to optically and/or visually distort the media displayed by the display.

In some embodiments, the pane(s), binder and display matrix are cured prior to placement. Curing may be effected by UV light, moisture and/or heat. The curing method may be selected to preserve the function of the display matrix and to minimize any optical distortion (eg, to maximize transmittance and reduce gas gaps such as haze and/or voids). The binder may increase the durability of the display construction. For example, the binder may reduce the fragile breakage of the display construction and/or reduce its flammability. The binder, for example, (i) minimizes loss due to any Fresnel reflections, (ii) transmits all colors with minimal distortion through the display element, and/or (iii) prevents the image projected by the display element. It may facilitate adjustment of the refractive index of the pane with respect to ambient air (eg, at a viewer's location) to improve. Distortion of color can occur due to its passage through the binder, through the glass plate, and into the ambient air. The display construction (eg, the binder therein) may preserve and/or improve the operating temperature range of the display matrix. The binder may prevent one or more gases and/or debris (eg, dust or sebaceous) from reaching the display matrix. The display construction (eg, binder, glass and/or any coating) may prevent physical disturbance to the display matrix (eg, due to contact). The contact may be direct contact by the user.

In some embodiments, the IGU and/or display structure may include a coating (eg, an anti-reflective coating). The coating may improve the optical performance of the glass and/or display construction. The coating may be applied to the glass plate, the binder layer, the display matrix and/or the electrochromic construction. The coating may be deposited in the form of an anti-reflective, anti-glare, anti-condensation, anti-scratch, anti-fouling, and/or UV-blocking treatment.

In some embodiments, the display arrangement may include a seal. A seal may be disposed between two glasses of a display arrangement with a display matrix disposed therebetween. The seal may comprise a polymer/resin (eg, any polymer/resin disclosed herein). The seal may include a carbon-based (eg, organic) polymer or a silicone-based polymer. The seal may protect the display element from light (eg, UV), humidity, oxygen, physical contact (eg, physical damage), debris, and/or other environmental components.

In some embodiments, the display construction is durable over a long lifetime. The life expectancy may be at least about 2y, 5y, 10y, 15y, 25y, 50y, 75y, or 100y (years). The expected lifetime is any value between the values set forth above (eg, from about 5 y to about 100 y, from about 2 y to about 25 y, from about 25 y to about 50 y, or from about 50 y to about 100 y). can The long-term lifetime may be at least 20Kh, 30Kh, 50Kh, 100Kh, 500Kh or 1000Kh (thousand hours). The long-term lifetime of the display arrangement can have any value between the values described above (eg, from about 20 Kh to about 1000 Kh, from about 20 Kh to about 100 Kh, or from about 100 Kh to about 1000 Kh). The number of hours may mean, for example, the number of hours a display arrangement operates for its intended purpose. The lifetime of a display arrangement may vary depending on the duration of its operation and/or any environmental conditions (eg, UV light, humidity, and/or temperature of the location in which it is deployed).

In some embodiments, the display construction includes a fixture (eg, a window frame or wall) that holds a (eg, tinted) window, for example, by a fastening mechanism (also referred to herein as a “fastener”). ) is connected to A fastener may include one or more components. For example, fasteners may include brackets, hinges, and covers. The fastener may be permanent or non-permanent. Non-permanent fasteners may be removed manually and/or automatically. For example, the fastener may include one or more screws that fasten it to the window frame. The fasteners may include hinges and/or brackets. The hinge may be flexible. The bracket and/or cover (or any portion thereof) may be inflexible or inflexible. The fasteners (eg, including hinges and/or brackets) may not be transparent. A fastener (eg, any of its components) may include an elemental metal, a metal alloy, an allotrope of elemental carbon, a polymer, or a composite material. At least two components of the fastener may be (eg, substantially) formed of the same type. The at least two components of the fastener may be formed of different material types. The elemental metal may include aluminum. The metal alloy may include steel. The fastener may include a non-corrosive material. At least a portion of a fastener (eg, a bracket and/or cover) may, for example, (eg, as disclosed herein) transform the display structure without (eg, substantial) deformation over its intended lifetime. It may be configured to support the weight of The weight of the display element may be at least about 5Kg, 10Kg, 15Kg, 20Kg, 25Kg, 30Kg, 35Kg, 40Kg, or 50 kilograms (Kg). The display construction can be any weight between the weights described above (eg, 5Kg to 50Kg, 5Kg to 25Kg, or 25Kg to 50Kg). 3 shows a display arrangement in which a display matrix 311 is disposed between a first pane 312 and a second pane 313 as part of a display arrangement and an L-shaped bracket is disposed between the two glass panes 312 , 313 . An example of a vertical cross-section (partial view shown) of an assembly 300 coupled to an L bracket 302 is coupled to a hinge 303 .

The fasteners may be configured for easy installation and/or removal of the display arrangement from a support structure (eg, a window frame and/or wall). Removal may be for servicing, replacing and/or upgrading any part of the display structure and/or structure (or any related device). For example, a fastener may allow for (eg, facilitate) removal and/or insertion of a display arrangement. For example, a fastener may allow (eg, facilitate) removal and/or insertion of a frame portion to which the fastener is attached. For example, a fastener may allow (eg, facilitate) removal and/or insertion of a tinting window supported by a frame to which the fastener is attached. Ease may mean lower labor costs, lower labor grades (eg, lower labor qualifications) and/or shorter working hours. The fastener may be configured to slide and/or lock for installation to a support structure (eg, fixture).

In some embodiments, the connecting material is disposed between the display arrangement and the fastener (eg, bracket and/or cover). The connecting material may include a polymer (eg, as disclosed herein). The connecting material may include a sealing gasket. The connecting material may be cured (eg, by heat, humidity and/or UV). It can have a low resistance of the connecting material. The connecting material may comprise at least one polymer and/or at least one resin. The connecting material has a low electrical resistance and, therefore, may be suitable for use as a packing material in the electronics industry (eg, smartphones, packaging, liquid crystal displays, personal computers, etc.). The connecting material may include polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a very high bond (VHB) material (eg, 3M VHB 4926), SR, or SRS-40P. The connecting material may include an acrylic material. The connecting material can retain its properties and shape at ambient temperature. The tensile strength of the connecting material may be at least about 0.60 MPa, 0.63 MPa, 0.66 MPa, 0.68 MPa, or 0.70 megapascals (MPa). The shear strength of the connecting material may be at least about 0.54 MPa, 0.60 MPa, 0.620 MPa, 0.64 MPa, or 0.68 MPa. The shear strength may be less than the tensile strength. Shear strength and/or tensile strength depends on the fastener (or any portion of the fastener to which the display construction is connected by a connecting material (eg, adhesive)) during which they are, for example, the service life and/or service life of the display construction. can be made to facilitate holding the display arrangement. The connecting material may be rigid and/or flexible. The connecting material may be an adhesive. The connecting material may be softer before its curing and harder after its curing. The connecting material may be selected, for example, to bear at least a load (eg, weight) of the display arrangement during constant and/or varying conditions (eg, depending on its intended purpose). Brackets may include straight portions, curved portions and/or corners. The bracket may not have corners. Brackets may be straight or curved. A bracket may include two straight portions (eg, two arms) that form an angle (eg, approximately). The angle may be a right angle or an obtuse angle. The bracket may be “L” shaped. An arm of the bracket and/or cover may be disposed between the two panes, contact the display matrix, and/or contact the binder.

In some embodiments, the wiring is hidden from the user's view by a fastener (eg, or any component thereof). For example, the bracket and/or cover may hide, for example, one or more (eg, electrical) wires connected to the display matrix from a user. Wires may be connected to brackets and/or covers. The bracket and/or cover may include recesses configured to receive the wire(s). In some embodiments, the cover and bracket are the same component (eg, 531 ). The recess may be hidden from a user's view (eg, may be disposed on a rear portion of the bracket and/or cover). The wire(s) may be connected to a display matrix (eg, a lighting array or LCD). The wire(s) may be connected to the controller. The controller may include a timing controller and/or a microcontroller. The connecting material (eg, connector) may be disposed along the width of the display arrangement (eg, along the fastener structure 104 ). The connecting material may be disposed along at least about 50%, 80%, or 90% of the width of the display arrangement. The fastener may include a curved portion. The fastener may include a non-curved portion.

In some embodiments, the fastener includes a hinge. In some embodiments, the hinge includes two leaves connected by a joint defining an axis configured to move the leaf about it. A first leaf of the hinge may be operatively coupled (eg, connected) to the bracket and/or cover. A second leaf of the hinge may be operatively coupled (eg, connected) to the fixture. The fixture may be a wall or window frame. The hinge may facilitate movement of the display arrangement about the hinge axis. The joint may facilitate opening of the hinge to an acute, right, obtuse, flat angle (eg, 180 ^o ) or full rotation (eg, ˜360 ^o ). Securing the hinge to the fixture and display member (eg, via a bracket and/or cover) facilitates movement of the display member about the axis of the hinge joint. Such movement may facilitate servicing the display arrangement without interfering with windows (eg, IGUs) and/or fixtures. Maintenance may include, for example, cleaning, repairing, and/or replacing the display arrangement and any parts or components thereof.

In some embodiments, a fastener may include a plurality of components. The plurality of components may include brackets, covers, hinges and/or boards. The display structure may be coupled (eg, coupled) to the bracket and/or cover. The bracket and/or cover may be coupled to one leaf of the hinge. The other leaf of the hinge may be coupled to the fixture indirectly by directly coupling the other leaf of the hinge to a board that is directly connected to the fixture. The board may include any fastener material disclosed herein (eg, elemental metals and/or metal alloys). A fastener may include a plurality of components of the same type. For example, the fastener may include a plurality of hinges, a plurality of brackets, a plurality of covers, and/or a plurality of boards. The plurality of fastener components may be at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, or 10 components (eg, of the same type or of different types). A hinge may include a set of hinge components (eg, a knuckle and a pintle). The fastener may include a plurality of sets of hinge components. A set of hinge components may be arranged to have a single hinge axis. The fastener may be formed of two rotating leaves about the axis of the hinged complement set. At least one (eg, each) leaf may comprise a single slab incorporating halves of a plurality of hinge components (eg, knuckles), thus, when the two leaves are integrated, the plurality of functional hinges A set of components is created (eg, as shown in the example of FIG. 37 ). In some embodiments, two leaves each having a respective hinge component to form a plurality of operative hinge components, each of the two leaves formed of a single slab material, provides a display arrangement with a plurality of individual fasteners each having a single set of hinges. to form a stronger and/or more durable fastener compared to bonding to In some embodiments, two leaves each having a respective hinge component to form a plurality of operative hinge components, each of the two leaves formed of a single slab material, provides a display arrangement with a plurality of individual fasteners each having a single set of hinges. It forms a fastener that is easier to install, maintain and/or replace compared to joining to. In some embodiments, two leaves with respective hinge components to form a plurality of operative hinge components, each of the two leaves formed from a single slab, attaches the display arrangement to a plurality of individual fasteners each having a single set of hinges. Facilitates more accurate alignment of the display arrangement as compared to mating. Such a single fastener incorporates a heat exchanger (eg, a fan), directs heat exchange (eg, within the fastener and/or along a display arrangement), and/or attaches one or more circuit boards to the fastener. It provides additional benefits such as combining.

In some embodiments, at least one leaf of the hinge includes one or more apertures. At least one of the one or more holes is configured to allow a screw to pass therethrough to connect (eg, reversibly) the hinge to a fixture (eg, a window frame) and/or a bracket. The connection of a fastener (or any component thereof) to a display arrangement and/or fixture (eg, a window frame) may be (I) irreversible (eg, using a connection material) or (II) reversible (eg, for example, using one or more screws). A fixture and/or board may use both irreversible and reversible connections between itself and the display arrangement. For example, the hinge may be reversibly connected to the window frame and irreversibly connected to the bracket. For example, the hinge may be reversibly connected to the bracket and irreversibly connected to the window frame. For example, a hinge may be reversibly connected to a window frame and reversibly connected to a bracket, where the bracket will be irreversibly connected (eg, glued) to the display arrangement. For example, the hinge can be reversibly connected to the wall and reversibly connected to the cover, which will irreversibly connect (eg, adhere) to the display arrangement. For example, the hinge can be reversibly connected to the board and reversibly connected to the cover, which will irreversibly connect (eg, adhere) to the display arrangement. The board may be bonded to the fixture reversibly (eg, via screws) or irreversibly (eg, via a binder (eg, adhesive)). 4 shows a first leaf 401 having a plurality of apertures (eg, 411 ) allowing movement of the screw in one direction and a second leaf having a plurality of apertures allowing movement of the screw in a second direction. A schematic example of a hinge 400 having a 402 is shown, wherein a first direction may be perpendicular to a second direction. The hinge shown in FIG. 4 has a joint 420 that facilitates rotation of the first leaf relative to the second leaf. In some embodiments, the first leaf has hole(s) having a long axis in a first direction, the second leaf has hole(s) having a long axis in a second direction, the first direction is equal to the second direction and 0 (eg, the first direction may be perpendicular to the second direction). The relative direction of the major axis can be measured when the hinge is closed and the two leaves are on top of each other. In some embodiments the bracket may be an extension of the leaf of the hinge. In some embodiments, the bracket may be coupled (eg, fastened) to the leaf of the hinge, eg, reversibly (eg, via screw(s)) or irreversibly (eg, via adhesive). can In some embodiments, the cover may be an extension of the leaf of the hinge. In some embodiments, the cover may be coupled (eg, fastened) to the leaf of the hinge, eg, reversibly (eg, via screw(s)) or irreversibly (eg, via adhesive). can

In some embodiments, the electrical circuitry is communicatively coupled to the display arrangement. The electrical circuitry may (i) boost a signal transmitted to the display matrix and/or (ii) transmit power arriving at the display matrix in a power supply. In some embodiments, the circuitry may include touchscreen circuitry. In some embodiments, the touchscreen circuitry may be separate (eg, disposed on a touchscreen sensor cover). In some embodiments, the circuitry may connect the touchscreen sensor(s) to the power supply. In some embodiments, the touchscreen circuitry may have a separate connector to the power supply.

5 shows a first cover portion 501, an L bracket, a thermal pad 505, a flexible electrical connector such as a 506 (MXC) connector, a circuit portion 502 (eg, a booster board), a flexible insulator 503 ) and a second cover portion 504 ; 510 shows a schematic bottom view of a circuit board with screws and connections, the circuit board being attached to a cover. Assembly 520 is shown from a different perspective at 530 with a first portion (partial view shown) of a cover 531 that is a display structure 536 , a flexible wire (eg, MXC) 535 , and a bracket. , gasket (eg, flexible insulator) 533 (partial view shown), circuitry 532 (partial view shown), and a second portion of cover 534 (partial view shown) becomes) is shown. The flexible insulator may be a foam gasket (eg, poron). The flexible insulator may have a minimum compression of 25%. One or more thermal pads may be disposed on the bracket. 5 , in one embodiment, the L-bracket 501 is shown extending over the linear dimension of the transparent display (and attached to the cover glass 500 ), and the L-bracket 501 is a first is the cover In one embodiment, the length of bracket 501 may be up to about 10 feet. The circuitry (eg, signal booster) may be coupled to the display matrix by one or more flexible wires (eg, MXC). Occasionally, a plurality of circuit boards (eg, at least two, three, or four boards) may be disposed in a fastener (eg, between a first cover and a second cover). 5 shows an example of two circuit boards 502 and 507. One or more (eg, flexible) connectors may connect the circuit board to the flexible display matrix. The number of flexible connectors (eg, MXCs) may be at least 2, 5, 6, 8 or 10. 5 shows examples of flexible connectors 516 , 535 , 506 . One or more (micro) cable bundles and/or (e.g. micro) coaxial cables (i) connect circuitry (eg, boosters) disposed in the fastener to (ii) a controller (eg, timing controller) and can be combined One or more (micro) cable bundles and/or (eg micro) coaxial cables may be connected to a circuit board (eg, booster board) by connectors. The number of electrical connectors (eg, connector 630 (partial view shown), eg, IPLEX connector) between the circuit board and the controller may be at least 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5. 5 shows an example of an electrical cable 513 connecting a board (eg, a driver board) and a controller (eg, a timing controller). One or more fine wire bundles may connect the controller (eg, T-CON) to a booster board connected to a flexible connector (eg, MXC cable) to a display matrix (eg, TOLED). The builder may be configured to secure, contain, and/or hide cables and/or wires from being viewed by a viewer of the display arrangement.

Electrical circuitry (eg, any connecting cables thereof) may be at least partially shielded from the view of the user by fasteners (or any components thereof, eg, hinges and/or boards). The electrical circuitry (eg, any connecting cables thereof) may be secured, at least in part, from contact by the user. The bracket, cover, board and/or hinge may have an openable portion. The openable portion may rotate about an axis (eg, the openable portion may rotate about an auxiliary hinge to facilitate rotation). A fastener may have one or more of its component types (eg, one or more brackets, one or more covers, one or more boards, one or more primary hinges, and/or one or more secondary hinges). One or more components of the fastener may span the FLS of the display arrangement and/or viewing window, or portion thereof. The openable and/or removable portion may facilitate servicing of electrical circuitry (eg, and any connecting cables thereof) without, for example, disassembling fasteners from the support structure and/or display structure to which they are joined. can The use of openings (coupled with or without any auxiliary hinges) allows for (i) E-box and/or power supply box and (ii) display components (eg, display components and/or touchscreen related circuitry) ) may facilitate (eg, reversible) disconnection of connecting cabling between circuit parts attached to it. This (eg, reversible) cabling attachment and detachment may allow for replacement and/or servicing of the E-box and/or power supply without disassembling the fasteners from the support structure and/or display arrangement. This (eg, reversible) cabling attachment and detachment may allow for replacement and/or servicing of the display arrangement and/or fasteners without disassembling the E-box and/or power supply unit. This (eg, reversible) cabling attachment and separation allows for separation (eg, separation) between (I) the display construct-fastener assembly, and (II) the E-box and/or power supply unit. can do. Display Construction—The fastener assembly may optionally include a touchscreen facilitator (eg, a sensor and emitter panel). For example, an openable and/or removable portion (eg, an auxiliary hinge) may facilitate servicing of the booster board or any cables and/or connectors connected thereto. Maintenance may include removal, repair, replacement and/or cleaning. For example, the board may have auxiliary openings that facilitate exposing at least some of the controller and/or wiring. 10 shows an example of an auxiliary opening comprising portions 1017 , 1021 as part of a fastening system. A cushion may be disposed between the openable and/or removable portion and the electrical circuitry (eg, and any connecting cables thereof). The cushion may protect and/or prevent movement of electrical circuitry (eg, and any connecting cables thereof). Protection may be protection from light, temperature (eg, heat or low temperature), contact, humidity and/or oxygen. The cushion may include a polymer foam (eg, polyurethane). The cushion may include a foam gasket. This cushion may help maintain a (eg, reasonable) bend radius in the wiring(s). The wiring may include, for example, microflex-complete (MXC) cable(s) for connecting circuitry to a controller (eg, a timing controller) and/or a power source. The wires may be coupled to the circuitry via one or more connectors (eg, IPEX or micro connectors). A micro connector may connect circuitry (eg, disposed on a fastener) to the display matrix. The circuit unit may include a booster board. The micro connector may have a plurality of wires bonded to the envelope, for example. The wiring may include coaxial cable(s).

In some embodiments, the fastener may include a regression defining an opening. The return portion may be an auxiliary opening. The return portion may be centered around the mid-length of the fastener. The return portion may or may not be covered. The cover of the return portion may or may not be reversible. For example, the cover may be an auxiliary hinge leaf. The cover may be bolted to the fastener using screws and/or clips. The fastener may include two hinge leaves that engage a knuckle and pintle mechanism to form a hinge. The return portion may be covered when the fastener is in its closed hinged position. (Note) The return can be (reversibly) covered when the fastener hinge is in its closed position. (Note) The return can be opened (reversibly) when the fastener hinge is in its open position. 10 shows a cover 17017 covering the opening of the fastener 1021 . The width of the return portion (see, e.g., Figure 41, dashed arrow W _opening ) is at most about 95%, 90%, 80%, 70% of the hinge leaf width (see, e.g., Figure 41, dashed arrow W _total ); It can be extended by 60%, 50%, 40% or 30%. The return portion may be directed from the edge of the hinge leaf toward its interior portion. The return portion may be an opening in a hinge leaf (eg a window in the hinge leaf), for example having the above-mentioned extension as its width. The length of the opening (e.g., the return portion. See, e.g., Figure 41, dashed arrow L _opening ) is at most about 60% of the total length of the hinge leaf (see, e.g., Figure 41, dashed arrow L _total ); It can be extended by 50%, 40%, 30%, 20% or 10%. The return portion may extend to a width and/or length that may facilitate connection and/or disconnection of any connectors that couple the circuit board to the display construction and/or touchscreen related devices (eg, sensor and emitter panels). can The opening (eg, the return portion) may or may not be centered with respect to the length and/or width of the fastener (or any hinge leaf thereof).

In some embodiments, the controller may include a timing controller (abbreviated herein as “T-CON”). The timing controller may control the timing of operation of various components of the display matrix (eg, when LEDs in the display matrix are turned on). The timing controller may convert between the video signal and the row and column driver signals required for the display matrix. Media signals can be sent to the T-CON board via communication interfaces such as Low-voltage differential signaling (LVDS), Embedded DisplayPort (eDP), Mobile Industry Processor Interface (MIPI®), Display Serial Interface (DSI) or VX1. The circuitry (eg, a chip and/or controller therein) may include a 60Hz to 120Hz frame rate converter. The timing controller may refresh the charge at a rate that, for example, maintains signal uniformity, avoids decay, and/or maintains appropriate updates, to minimize decay in the optical response of the LCD chemistry(s) in response to the charge. there is. A controller (eg, T-CON) may be positioned at a distance from a display assembly assembly that includes a display assembly and a fastening system (eg, fastener).

In some embodiments, the display arrangement is operatively coupled (eg, connected by wiring) to a power supply. The circuitry is operatively coupled to the power supply (eg, connected by wiring). Connections can be direct or indirect. The indirect connection may be through circuitry (eg, a booster). The power supply may be an auxiliary power supply. The power supply may be coupled to a municipal power source (eg, a power plant) and/or a building power source (eg, a generator, solar cell(s), and/or a wind turbine). The power source may be renewable and/or non-renewable. A power source may be coupled to the BMS. The power source may be coupled to the network infrastructure (eg, as disclosed herein). The power source can supply power from about 240V or 120V (eg, household current) AC. The auxiliary power supply may include a converter that reduces the voltage (eg, up to about 24V, 48V, or 54 volts (V)). 6 shows an example of a perspective view of an assembly 600 that includes circuitry and a display structure coupled to a fastener, wherein fastener 602 (partial view) includes wiring 603 (partial view). It is coupled to a display arrangement 601 (partially shown) connected to circuitry (not shown) disposed on the fastener via the shown), and wires are secured by hooks such as hooks 604 . The hook may be a tie mount. 6 shows a perspective view of a hinge leaf 634 to which wiring 633 is connected, the wiring is connected to circuitry 632 , and hinge leaf 634 to hinge leaf portion 635 (partial view shown). and a portion of a hinge leaf 636 connected to a fixture (not shown) by a screw 637 . Hinge leaf portions 635 and 636 are part of the same hinge leaf. 6 shows an example of a side view of an assembly 620 including a fastener 662 coupled to a fastener (not shown) with a screw, eg, 661 , the fastener protruding from its body and fastened to a hook 666 . and dangling wiring 667. Wiring 667 includes (i) circuitry (not shown) disposed on fastener body 662 and (ii) display matrix 664 disposed between thicker glass 665 and thinner glass 663 . connected to a containing display arrangement (shown in partial view). 6 shows an example of a side view of an assembly 612 (similar to 620 ) disposed in a vertical section of a window frame 610 . 6 shows an example of electrical wiring 630 that may be used in a display assembly assembly. The fasteners may include drivers and/or booster boards. The circuitry may facilitate data (eg, network communication) and/or power transmission.

The auxiliary power may supply a direct current (DC) voltage. Auxiliary power sources may be disposed adjacent the display arrangement and/or the IGU. Auxiliary power sources may be placed on window frames, walls, floors or ceilings. The controller of the display arrangement may be located separately from its power supply. The shortest distance from (i) the display assembly, booster board, driver board, and/or timing controller (eg, T-CON) to (ii) the power supply is at least about 0.25 m, 0.5 m, 1 m, 1.5 m, 2 m. , 2.5m, 3m, 3.5m, 4m, 4.5m, 5m, 5.5m, 6m, 6.5m, 7m, 8m, 10m or 20m (m). (i) the shortest distance from the display arrangement, booster board, driver board, and/or timing controller to (ii) the power supply is any value between the values described above (eg, from about 0.25 to about 20 m, from about 0.25 m to about 5 m, about 5 m to about 7 m, or about 7 m to about 20 m). For example, (i) the shortest distance from the driver and/or booster board to (ii) the power supply and/or T-CON is at least about 1.5 m, 2 m, 2.5 m, 3 m, 3.5 m, 4 m, 4.5 m; It can be 5m, 5.5m, 6m, 6.5m, 7m, 8m or 10m. The shortest distance from (i) driver and/or booster board to (ii) power supply and/or T-CON may be any value between the values described above (eg, about 1.5 to about 10 m, about 1.5 m). about 5 m, or from about 5 m to about 10 m). The shortest distance from (i) the display arrangement and/or booster board to (ii) the power supply and/or T-CON may be any value between the values described above (e.g., from about 5' to about 30', from about 10' to about 25', or from about 15' to about 20'). For example, the shortest distance from (i) the driver board and/or display structure to (ii) the power supply and/or T-CON is at least about 5', 10', 15', 20', 25', 25' , 30', 50', 100', 200' or 300' (feet). The shortest distance from (i) the display arrangement and/or booster board to (ii) the power supply and/or timing controller may be any value between the values described above (eg, from about 5' to about 300', about 10' to about 25', about 15' to about 20', about 20' to about 50', about 50' to about 200', or about 100' to about 300').

In some embodiments, a local controller may control a viewing (eg, tinting) window (eg, as part of an IGU) and/or a display arrangement. The local controller may be part of a control network. The control network may be a hierarchical control network (eg, as disclosed herein). The hierarchy of controllers in the control network can be static or dynamic. The local controller may be disposed adjacent the display arrangement and/or the IGU. Local controllers can be placed on window frames, walls, floors or ceilings. In some embodiments, one local controller controls the viewing (eg, tinting) window and display element (eg, media displayed by the display element). In some embodiments, separate controllers control the viewing (eg, tinting) window and display element (eg, media displayed by the display element). Communication between the local controller and other components of the network interface may be wired and/or wireless. Wired communications include coaxial cable, twisted pair, NM cable, underground feeder (UF) cable, thermoplastic high heat resistant nylon coated (THHN) wiring, thermoplastic heat and water resistant nylon coated (THWN) wiring, standard telephone wiring, or Category 3 (Cat 3) wiring. cables and/or Category 5 (Cat 5) cables. A control system (eg, a local controller) may be communicatively coupled to the display arrangement by wired and/or wireless communication (eg, via a timing controller (T-CON)). For example, the display arrangement may be connected to the local controller via one or more wires and/or wirelessly. For example, the T-CON may be connected to the local controller via one or more wires. (i) the shortest distance from the display element and/or the T-CON to (ii) the local controller is at least about 0.25 m, 0.5 m, 1 m, 1.5 m, 2 m, 2.5 m, 3 m, 3.5 m, 4 m, 4.5 m, 5 m , 5.5m, 6m, 6.5m, 7m, 8m, 10m (m). The shortest distance from (i) the display arrangement and/or the T-CON to (ii) the local controller may be any value between the values described above (eg, from about 0.25 to about 10 m, from about 0.25 m to about 5 m, about 5 m to about 7 m, or from about 7 m to about 10 m). The distance may correspond to a minimum measure of the wire length (eg, when the display arrangement is communicatively coupled to the local controller at least in part via the wire). The shortest distances between (I) the display arrangement and the local controller and (II) the local controller to the power supply may be (eg, substantially) the same. The shortest distances between (I) the display arrangement and the local controller and (II) the local controller to the power supply may not be (eg, substantially) equal. The shortest distances between (I) the timing controller and the local controller and (II) between the local controller to the power supply may be (eg, substantially) the same. For example, (I) the shortest distance between the timing controller and the local controller may be less than (II) the distance between the local controller and the power supply. For example, (I) the shortest distance between the timing controller and the local controller may be longer than (II) the distance between the local controller and the power supply. The shortest distances between (I) the timing controller and the local controller and (II) the local controller to the power supply may not be (eg, substantially) equal. For example, (I) the shortest distance between the timing controller and the local controller may be less than (II) the distance between the local controller and the power supply. For example, (I) the shortest distance between the timing controller and the local controller may be greater than (II) the distance between the local controller and the power supply.

7 shows an example of a vertical cross-section of a portion of a display assembly coupled to a fastener and circuitry comprising: an L-bracket 701 shown in cross-section, a circuit portion 702 (eg, a booster board); Cable(s) 703 , foam gasket 704 , screws 705 , tape 706 , first glass plate 707 , adhesive (eg, ocA) 708 , display matrix 709 , 2 Glass plate 710 , cover 714 , bumper 712 , adhesive 713 , and viewing window 711 (partially shown). The display construction may include a flexible bumper (eg, polymer or resin) that separates it from the window (eg, 711 ). The bumper may prevent glass-to-glass contact (eg, prevent cracking and/or breakage) between a display element and a window (eg, a tinted window) that may result in damage to the display element and/or window. . The bumper may increase the safety action of rotating the display arrangement about, for example, a hinge axis. In one embodiment of the cross-section, the L bracket is defined by one or more right angles, although the angle may be an angle other than 90 degrees. In the illustrated embodiment, the L-bracket is attached to the cover glass (eg, 707 ) via an adhesive element. In an embodiment, the adhesive element is an adhesive tape. In one embodiment, the adhesive tape comprises a VHB type tape. In one embodiment, the adhesive element is a liquid or gel adhesive that bonds the L-bracket to the cover glass. The cover glass (eg, 707 ) may be plastic, glass, or other transparent material. In one example, the thickness of the cover glass may be about 4 mm, but may be thicker or thinner than 4 mm. The cover glass may be part of a display structure (eg, a transparent display) and/or a display structure (eg, a transparent display) element may be laminated to the cover glass. In the example shown in FIG. 7 , a second cover glass 710 is laminated to a transparent display element 709 , ie, a transparent display element 709 (eg, T OLED) is formed between the cover glass 707 and the second cover glass 707 . It is sandwiched between the 2 cover glasses 710 . The laminate structure formed may rest against a viewing window (eg, 711 ) or may be parallel to, but spaced from, a viewing window. A laminate structure comprising a first glass plate 707 , a display matrix 709 , and a second glass plate 710 (eg, a second glass cover) is a transparent display assembly (also referred to herein as a “display construction”). ) can be considered.

In one embodiment, the adhesive element has sufficient strength to support the weight of the transparent display assembly. As shown, one side of the L-bracket (eg, 701 ) is used as the surface of the adhesive element and at least this much surface area is attached to the transparent display assembly via a cover glass (eg, 707 ).

As shown in the example shown in FIG. 7 , the cover 714 is attached to the L-bracket 701 . In this example, the L-bracket 701 includes the protruding portion of the vertical leg. A chamber is formed with a cover 714 , in which circuitry 702 for a display matrix is accommodated. The circuitry 702 may be in the form of a circuit board (eg, a driver and/or booster board). In one embodiment, the cover seals the electronic device from the environment via one or more gaskets. In one embodiment, the L-bracket 701 is configured to provide movement and/or physical connection between the frame of the window and the display structure (see, eg, FIG. 1A ). In one embodiment, circuitry 702 is coupled to the display matrix via one or more conductors, such as ribbon cables, flex circuits, and/or other wired connections 175 . In certain embodiments, the wired connection 175 (see FIG. 2B ) may be a micro-coaxial cable (eg, see 802 of FIG. 8 ). In an embodiment, the wired connection 802 may be terminated at the L-bracket with a multi-pin connector (see FIG. 8 , 803 ).

In some embodiments, the display arrangement includes a touchscreen. The display arrangement may include one or more optical sensors at its edges to facilitate functionality of the touchscreen by the user(s). The touchscreen may receive contact (eg, touch) input from the user(s) and communicate an output response. The response may be functional, and the response may include a change in visual, data, or sound. The touch screen may use a display matrix. The display arrangement may be operatively coupled to an information processing system (eg, including one or more processors, and/or a network interface). The user(s) may use the information processing system via a simple (eg, single) or multi-touch gesture by touching the display element pane towards the user(s). Touch may be using a special device (eg, a stylus or electronic pen) or a part or any part of its body (eg, more fingers). The special device may be adapted to the display arrangement. Touchscreens include resistive touchscreens, surface acoustic wave touchscreens (e.g., using ultrasound), capacitive touchscreens, infrared grid touchscreens (e.g. using photodetectors), optical imaging (e.g. using CMOS sensors) , infrared acrylic projection (including, for example, infrared LEDs), distributed signal touchscreens, or acoustic pulse recognition touchscreens. The display arrangement is improved according to the requirements of touchscreen technology. For example, if sensors (eg COMS) and/or projectors (eg LEDs) are required for a touchscreen, they can be implemented by, for example, placing them inside a frame surrounding at least a portion of the display assembly. is added to

In some embodiments, the display structure may act as a touchscreen. The frame may include one or more sensors disposed on or within the frame. The frame may include circuitry, one or more connectors (eg, power supplies and/or network systems), and any optical components (eg, reflectors, mirrors, prisms, beamsplitters and/or lenses). . The sensor is the presence or absence of a user's finger, stylus, marker, smart pen, and/or other marking and/or indicating device within an area bounded by the frame shape (eg, the area spanned by the surface of a transparent display assembly); It may be configured to detect a position. The sensors may be disposed along and/or within the length of one or more frame portions (eg, within a channel defined by the one or more frame portions). One or more frame portions may include sensors, circuits and/or connections. The one or more frame portions may include at least 1, 2, 3, or 4 frame portions (eg, 1012 , 1019 , and 1020 ). The frame portion may be a bezel. The frame portion may include a groove. The frame portion may be configured to hold the display arrangement. The width of the frame portion groove may be configured to accommodate the width of the display arrangement. In some embodiments, every edge (eg, side) of the display arrangement may include a touchscreen frame. The circuitry may process a signal from the sensor and process an output signal indicative of a location of a marking or indication device within an area bounded by a frame. The frame may include connections to other circuitry, including circuitry disposed on or coupled to the transparent display assembly (eg, circuitry on the L-bracket). Circuitry may include, but is not limited to, one or more of the following: processor, memory, display, analog and/or digital circuitry.

The frame may provide a transparent display assembly having an interactive display function (eg, a white board function). A stationary or moving position of a user's finger or display device relative to the transparent display may be sensed by a sensor of the frame within an area bounded by the frame, and a signal indicative of the position may be generated by circuitry of the frame. The signal indicative of a position within the area bounded by the frame may include a signal compatible with the display technology of the display. In some embodiments, signals indicative of a location within an area bounded by a frame include, but are not limited to, universal serial bus (USB) and/or high definition multimedia interface (HDMI) signals. Signals indicative of a user's finger or a fixed or moving position of the display device within the frame area may be processed by software and/or circuitry associated with the frame and/or transparent frame assembly. The processed signal may be displayed on the transparent display assembly, for example, in the form of a representation (eg, recorded, printed, shaped) of a fixed or moving position. Software associated with the frame and/or transparent display may (i) display the sensed position of a user's finger or other indication device on another display or device; (ii) interaction with the transparent display and frame by two or more users; , (iii) exporting displayed content, (iv) importing display content, (v) clearing displayed content, and/or (vi) selecting display color. there is. In one embodiment, the frame may include one or more commercially available touchscreens (eg, from FlatFrog USA Inc., 333 West San Carlos Street, San Jose, CA 95110).

10 shows an example of a display arrangement 1010, wherein the components of the fastener include a leaf 1021, main hinges 1018 and 1015 allowing rotation of the display arrangement about its axis, and circuitry 1016 (e.g. auxiliary hinges (including portion 1017) to facilitate exposure of portions of the booster board and/or driver board). The leaf 1021 has an opening that facilitates access to the circuitry 1016 through the opening covered by the hinge leaf 1017 . The display structure 1010 is framed by a touch screen sensor array 1013 and protective covers 1012 and 1019 covering the sensor array in the protective frame. The display arrangement 1050 shows the touchscreen sensor array covered with the display arrangement 1050 and the assembled fasteners 1056 and assembled 1052 . In some examples, there is no auxiliary hinge (eg, 1017 ) (eg, as in example 3504). In some embodiments, the fastener (including the primary hinge) has an opening through which at least a portion of the circuitry (eg, a PCB) is visible and/or accessible. For example, at least some of the connectors of the circuitry may be visible and/or accessible through the opening. For example, at least a portion of a connector between the circuitry and the display arrangement is visible and/or accessible through the opening (eg, to circuitry 3530 (eg, including a booster and/or driver board). An opening 3504 that allows viewing of an attached connector 3509 (see FIG. 35 )).

In one embodiment, the fastener includes one or more portions (eg, hinges) configured to provide a physical connection of the transparent display to the window. In one embodiment, one or more portions of the fastener are configured to provide movement between the transparent display and the light of the window (eg, using a hinge of the fastener).

Referring to FIG. 4 , in one embodiment, the L-bracket includes one or more hinges, eg, hinge 400 . In one embodiment, the hinge includes a plurality of elongated holes or slots. In one embodiment, the axis of extension of at least one of the plurality of apertures is orthogonal to the axis of extension of at least one other of the plurality of apertures. This allows for a method of installing a transparent display assembly to a window frame. For example, one or more hinges (eg, 400 ) are mounted to the window frame through holes that provide a distance at which the transparent display assembly will reside from the window (eg, 711 ). Prior to its mounting, L-brackets (eg, 701 ) pre-mounted to the transparent display assembly may be attached to the other legs of one or more hinges (eg, 400 ), which attach to those on the other legs of the hinges. Another orthogonal plurality of apertures provides for centering of the L-bracket/transparent display element within the viewable area of the window between the frame elements.

Referring to FIG. 7 , in one embodiment, the one or more hinges have a joint 750 connecting a first hinge leaf 752 and a second hinge leaf 753 shown in a closed position 791 . The open position is shown at 720, dashed arrow 790 indicating the relative movement of the first hinge leaf, the first hinge leaf may be referred to herein as a “first leg”, and the second hinge leaf is May be referred to as a “second leg” in this application. The first leg may be coupled to or include a bracket. Fasteners including hinge leaves 752 , 753 are coupled to display structure 754 (partial view shown) and window 751 (partial view shown). The second leg may be coupled to the window frame 755 . In one embodiment, one or the hinges are configured to allow the transparent display assembly to move toward or away from the viewing window. In one embodiment, the movement rotates about a longitudinal axis, ie, a pivot. In one embodiment, during movement of the transparent display relative to the viewing window, circuitry 757 (eg, booster and/or driver board), conductors such as ribbon cables 758 and/or coupling the transparent display to circuitry No movement of the transparent display assembly relative to other wiring elements used to 7 shows an example of a display arrangement 784 (shown in partial view) coupled to a first hinge leaf 782 . Hinge leaf 782 is coupled by joint 780 to a second hinge leaf 783 coupled to cover 785 coupled to a window frame for window 781 (partial view shown).

This configuration allows a longer electrical connection between the display and the controller (eg T-CON) because the connection is not affected by friction and movement associated with movement of the transparent display and fastener (eg, bracket) assembly. provides a lifespan.

Referring to FIG. 8 , in one embodiment, a seal is provided along at least three edges of the transparent display assembly, for example along an edge of a laminate assembly as described herein. In an embodiment, the seal is in the form of a silicone or other transparent plastic, resin, or other polymer cap (or bumper) installed over the edge of the laminate transparent assembly to seal the unit. The seal may provide a bumper function between the second cover glass (eg, FIGS. 7 , 710 ) and the window (eg, FIGS. 7 , 711 ). 8 shows a seal applied according to arrows 811 , 812 , 813 along three sides of a display structure 850 using, for example, a display arrangement 580 and an applicator (eg, syringe gun) 810 . An example of a negative perspective view is shown. Display arrangement 850 is coupled to fastener 530 and onto the fastener, wiring 802 connects the display matrix of the display arrangement with circuitry disposed in the fastener (now shown). The display construction 850 also includes a thicker glass plate 804 , a thinner glass plate 805 , adhesive layers 806 and 808 , a display matrix 807 , and a seal 809 in a vertical cross-section of a portion of the display construction 809 . 830 is shown in the example of FIG. 8 . The seal may protrude from the glass plate and/or may serve as a bumper. The protrusions of the seal may be random or directional. For example, the protrusion may be directed towards a side of the display arrangement (eg, destined to touch a window). The protrusions of the seal may be (eg, substantially) uniform (eg, toward one side of the display arrangement) or non-uniform.

9 shows an example of a cover 903 (shown in cross-section) that may be used to conceal the L-bracket 904 from view. The cover 903 may be removably attached to the window frame 905 . Power and communications may be delivered to the transparent display assembly via wiring 906 , which in this example is housed within window frame 905 . The L-bracket may allow servicing or replacement of the transparent display, and/or servicing or replacement of any circuitry (eg, disposed on a fastener of which the bracket is a part). 9 shows an example of a transparent display assembly having a display configuration that includes a pane 907 (eg, a glass plate), a display matrix 908 , and a pane 902 (eg, a glass plate), the display The construct is coupled to or includes frame 905 . The frame may include parts that are coupled to or configured to be coupled to each other. The frame may comprise at least three (3) parts. The frame can include a shape that matches (eg, approximates) the shape of at least a portion of the perimeter of the display arrangement (eg, the transparent display assembly). The frame may be coupled to or attached to a side (or edge) of a display arrangement (eg, a transparent display assembly). In one embodiment, the frame portions are joined together to form a frame shape, for example after the frame portions are joined to a display arrangement (eg, a transparent display assembly). In one embodiment, the frame portions may be joined together to form a frame shape, eg, before the frame portions are coupled to a display arrangement (eg, a transparent display assembly). A display arrangement (eg, a transparent display assembly) may be located within an area bounded by a frame shape. The frame portion may include a channel (eg, a U-shaped channel) configured to receive and/or retain a side of the transparent display assembly therein.

9 shows an example of a window frame (eg, doorpost) portion 951 to which a fastener 953 is attached (the fastener includes a hinge/lock 952 ). The fastener 953 is coupled to a display structure 954 (partial view shown) and an integrated glass unit 961 (IGU) (partial view shown) comprising: a first pane ( 955 , an enclosed environment 957 , a second pane 956 , and an electrochromic structure 958 disposed on the pane 956 . The enclosed environment of the IGU may be an insulated, (eg, hermetically sealed), sealed and/or inert environment. 9 illustrates a display arrangement 954 from a power unit and/or controller (eg, timing controller) disposed in frame portion 951 and collectively designated 959 and an environment outside window frame 951 . An example of a moving electrical wiring and/or communication path 960 is shown. Electrical wiring and/or communication paths may travel through the window frame to the IGU. Electrical wiring and/or communication paths may travel through the controller and/or power supply assembly to the IGU. The pane may be a transparent rigid material (eg glass or a polymer such as plastic). Transparency may be transparent at wavelengths to which the average human viewer is sensitive at least.

The present invention should not be limited by the embodiments, aspects and advantages disclosed above as other embodiments, aspects and advantages, including one or more of the following, are within the scope of the present invention. In one embodiment, the present invention includes a structure (eg, fastener), wherein the structure (eg, fastener) includes a first portion and a second portion, wherein the first and second portions are connected to each other. is configured to move about. In one embodiment, the structure includes one or more brackets. In one embodiment, the structure includes one or more hinges. In one embodiment, the structure includes one or more electrical connectors. In one embodiment, the electrical connector comprises a micro coaxial cable. In one embodiment, the electrical connector includes one or more ribbon cables. In one embodiment, the structure is configured to be mounted to a display arrangement (eg, including a transparent display). In one embodiment, the transparent display is a T. OLED display. In one embodiment, a display construction (eg, including a transparent display) comprises one or more optically clear glass, a cured polymer (eg, plastic), or a cured resin. In one embodiment, the structure includes one or more electronic circuitry configured to communicate with a display matrix (eg, a transparent display matrix). In one embodiment, the structure is configured to be mounted to a frame. In one embodiment, the frame comprises a window frame. In one embodiment, the structure is configured to mount to the FLS (eg, length) of a transparent display. In one embodiment, the structure comprises a length, and the length is from about 0.1 feet to about 10 feet. In one embodiment, the first portion of the fastener includes at least one bracket and the second portion of the fastener includes one or more hinges. In one embodiment, the structure comprises a display matrix, and an adhesive element, the display matrix mounted to the first part and/or the second part, for example via the adhesive element. In one embodiment, the adhesive element comprises an adhesive tape. In one embodiment, the adhesive tape comprises a VHB tape. In one embodiment, the first portion of the fastener and/or the second portion of the fastener are configured to be mounted to a viewing window (eg, a tinted window). In one embodiment, a first portion of the fastener is configured to be mounted to a display arrangement and a second portion is configured to be mounted to a window (wherein the second portion comprises a hinge). In one embodiment, the hinge includes a plurality of elongate apertures, wherein an axis of extension of at least one of the plurality of apertures is orthogonal to an axis of extension of the other of at least one of the plurality of apertures.

In one embodiment, the present invention includes a frame. The frame may include a transparent display and fasteners (including brackets) configured to provide movement and physical connection between the frame and a display structure (eg, including a transparent display). In one embodiment, the frame comprises a window frame. In one embodiment the bracket includes an L-bracket, the L-bracket coupled to a frame and a display arrangement (eg, including a transparent display). In one embodiment, the bracket is coupled to the transparent display via an adhesive structure. In one embodiment, the adhesive structure comprises an adhesive tape. In one embodiment, the bracket includes one or more hinges. In one embodiment, the hinge is configured to provide movement of a display structure (eg, including a transparent display) relative to a fixture (eg, a window frame). In one embodiment, the movement comprises a rotational movement. In one embodiment, the movement is about a horizontal axis. In one embodiment, the movement is about a vertical axis. In one embodiment, the frame includes a light (eg, a windowpane). In one embodiment, the bracket is configured to move the face of the transparent display proximate to or against the face of the light. In one embodiment, the frame defines an interior area (eg, being the surface of a window within the frame), and the transparent display includes a height and width defining an area that fits within the interior area. In one embodiment, the area (eg, including the transparent display) of the display arrangement fits (eg, substantially) within all of its interior area. In one embodiment, the area of the transparent display fits within half or less than half of the interior area. In one embodiment, the structure includes one or more conductors, ribbon cables and/or connectors, wherein the one or more conductors, ribbon cables and/or connectors provide electrical connection between the control and the transparent display.

In some embodiments, an assembly having a display arrangement and fasteners is formed. The display arrangement may be attached to at least a component of the fastener, for example a bracket. 11 shows an example of a stage that makes up an assembly of a display structure and a fastener. At 1110 , the display arrangement 1112 has an area 1112 designated for adhesive application. At 1120 , adhesive is applied to the adhesive designated area according to an arrow, eg, arrow 1121 . At 1130 , fastener 1131 (eg, L bracket) is placed in the adhesive designated area over which the adhesive applied thereto is disposed. Items 1121 , 1131 and 1112 illustrate a portion of a display arrangement. The fastener and the display arrangement may be disposed in the same plane or in different planes. At least some of the fasteners may be disposed in the same plane or in a different plane relative to the display arrangement. The display arrangement may be coupled at an angle to the fastener (eg, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 1210 ). The display arrangement and fastener may form a single plane (eg, as shown at 1220 ). 12 shows an example of a display arrangement 1211 forming an angle with a fastener 1218 and a display arrangement 1221 forming a planar plane with the fastener 1228 . The display arrangement may include an illuminating entity (eg, an LED) that illuminates more in one direction than in the other (eg, more in a forward direction than a rearward direction). An image displayed by the display matrix may be clearly viewable from one side of the display matrix rather than its opposite side. The display arrangement may include two display matrices of illuminating entities (eg, LED matrices) arranged back to back. At least one (eg, each) of the two display matrices may be disposed with its more illuminating side facing away from the rear (and towards the viewer) and with its less illuminating side facing back (and away from the viewer). can The back-to-back arrangement of the display matrix in the display arrangement may facilitate clear image viewing from both sides of the display arrangement. A display arrangement having a back-to-back display matrix may utilize a flat fastener (eg, 1228 ). In some embodiments, the two display elements are arranged such that, for example, at least one (eg, each) of the display elements illuminates the side with its more illuminating side away from the back (and towards the viewer) and its less illuminating side They may be placed adjacent to each other in a back-to-back configuration to face backwards (and away from the viewer). The two back-to-back display arrangements may use a flat fastener (eg, 1228 ) to fasten both display elements to a structure (eg, fixture).

In some embodiments, the window is disposed in an enclosure. In some embodiments, the enclosure includes an area defined by at least one structure. The at least one structure may include at least one wall. An enclosure may contain and/or enclose one or more sub-enclosures. At least one wall is made of metal (eg steel), clay, stone, plastic, glass, plaster (eg gypsum), polymer (eg polyurethane, styrene or vinyl), asbestos, fiberglass , concrete (eg, reinforced concrete), wood, paper or ceramic. The at least one wall may include wire, brick, block (eg, cinder block), tile, drywall, or frame (eg, steel frame).

In some embodiments, the enclosure includes one or more openings. One or more openings may be reversibly closable. One or more openings may be permanently open. The primary length scale of the one or more openings may be smaller than the primary length scale of the wall(s) defining the enclosure. The default length scale may include the diameter, length, width or height of the bounding circle. The surface of the one or more openings may be smaller relative to the surface of the wall(s) defining the enclosure. The aperture surface may be a percentage of the total surface of the wall(s). For example, the opening surface may be equivalent to about 30%, 20%, 10%, 5%, or 1% of the wall(s). The wall(s) may include a floor, ceiling or sidewall. The closable opening may be closed by at least one window or door. The enclosure may be at least part of a facility. The enclosure may include at least a portion of a building. The building may be a private building and/or a commercial building. A building may include one or more floors. A building (eg, its floor) may include at least one of: a room, hall, lobby, attic, basement, balcony (eg, interior or exterior balcony), stairwell, hallway, elevator shaft, Facades, mezzanines, penthouses, garages, verandas (eg enclosed verandas), terraces (eg enclosed terraces), cafeterias and/or ducts. In some embodiments, the enclosure may be stationary and/or mobile (eg, train, airplane, ship, vehicle, or rocket).

Certain disclosed embodiments provide a network infrastructure in an enclosure (eg, a facility such as a building). Network infrastructure is available for a variety of purposes, such as providing communications and/or power services. Communication services may include high-bandwidth (eg, wireless and/or wired) communication services. Communication services may be provided to residents of the facility and/or users outside the facility (eg, a building). The network infrastructure may operate in concert with or partially replace the infrastructure of one or more cellular carriers. The network infrastructure may be provided in a facility comprising electrically switchable windows. Examples of network infrastructure components include high-speed backhaul. The network infrastructure may include at least one cable, switch, physical antenna, transceiver, sensor, transmitter, receiver, radio, processor and/or controller (which may include a processor). The network infrastructure may be operatively coupled to and/or include a wireless network. The network infrastructure may include wiring. One or more sensors may be deployed (eg, installed) in the environment as part of and/or after network installation. The network infrastructure may be configured to facilitate at least third generation (3G), fourth generation (4G), or fifth generation (5G) cellular communications. The network may be configured to facilitate media transmission (eg, presentation, still image, or video (eg, movie) transmission). The network may be configured for simultaneous data and power communication (eg, on the same cable, such as coaxial cable).

In some embodiments, the enclosure includes one or more sensors. The sensor indicates that the occupants of the enclosure are more comfortable, enjoyable, beautiful, healthy, productive (eg, in terms of the occupant's ability to work), easier to live (eg, at work), or any combination thereof. It can facilitate environmental control of the enclosure so that it can have an environment. The sensor(s) may be configured as low resolution or high resolution sensors. The sensor may provide an on/off indication of the occurrence and/or presence of a particular environmental event (eg, one pixel sensor).

In various embodiments, the network infrastructure supports a control system for one or more viewing windows, such as electrochromic (eg, tunable) windows. The control system may include one or more controllers operatively (eg, directly or indirectly) coupled to the one or more windows. In some embodiments, an electrochromic window is an example of an optically switchable window, a tunable window, and/or a smart window. The concepts disclosed in this application may be applied to other types of switchable optical devices including, for example, liquid crystal devices or suspended particle devices. For example, a liquid crystal device and/or a suspended particle device may be implemented instead of, or in addition to, an electrochromic device.

In some embodiments, the tonal window exhibits a change (eg, controllable and/or reversible) in at least one optical property of the window, eg, when a stimulus is applied. Stimulation may include optical, electrical and/or magnetic stimulation. For example, the stimulus may include an applied voltage. One or more tinting windows may be used to control lighting and/or glare conditions, for example, by modulating the transmission of solar energy propagating therethrough. One or more tunable windows may be used to control the temperature within a building, for example by modulating the transmission of solar energy propagating therethrough. Control of solar energy may control the heat load applied to the interior of a facility (eg, a building). Control may be manual and/or automatic. Controls may be used to maintain one or more requested (eg, environmental) conditions, eg, comfort of an occupant. Control may include reducing energy consumption of heating, ventilation, air conditioning and/or lighting systems. At least two of heating, ventilation and air conditioning may be induced by separate systems. At least two of heating, ventilation and air conditioning may be induced by one system. Heating, ventilation and air conditioning may be driven by a single system (abbreviated herein as “HVAC”). In some cases, the tinting window may be responsive to (eg, communicatively coupled to) one or more environmental sensors and/or user controls. The tincture window may include an electrochromic window (eg, may be an electrochromic window). A window may be located in a range from the interior to the exterior of a structure (eg, a facility, eg, a building). However, this is not necessarily the case. Tunable windows may operate using liquid crystal devices, suspended particle devices, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) devices (eg, micro shutters), or any technology configured to control light transmission through the window. Windows (e.g., with MEMS devices for color change) are entitled "MULTI-PANE WINDOWS INCLUDING ELECTRocHROMIC DEVICES AND ELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS DEVICES," US Patent Application Serial No. 14, filed May 15, 2015. /443,353, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. In some cases, one or more viewing (eg, tinted) windows may be located inside a building, eg, between a conference room and a hallway. In some cases, one or more viewing (eg, tinting) windows may be used in automobiles, trains, aircraft and other vehicles, eg in lieu of manual and/or non-tinting windows.

In some embodiments, the tunable window comprises an electrochromic device (referred to herein as an “EC device” (abbreviated herein as ECD) or “EC”). The EC device may comprise at least one coating comprising at least one layer. At least one layer may include an electrochromic material. In some embodiments, the electrochromic material exhibits a change from one optical state to another, for example when an electric potential is applied across the EC device. The transition of an electrochromic layer from one optical state to another is, for example, reversible, semi-reversible or irreversible ion insertion into the electrochromic material (eg by intercalation) and corresponding Charge balancing can be caused by the injection of electrons. For example, the transition of an electrochromic layer from one optical state to another can result in, for example, reversible ion insertion (eg, by intercalation) into the electrochromic material and the corresponding charge balancing of electrons. It can be caused by injection. Reversible may be for the expected lifetime of the ECD. By semi-reversible is meant a measurable (eg, noticeable) deterioration of the reversibility of the color tone of a window over one or more tone change cycles. In some cases, some of the ions responsible for the optical transition are irreversibly bound to the electrochromic material (eg, and, therefore, the induced (altered) color state of the window is not reversible to its original color state. ). In various EC devices, at least a portion (eg, all) of irreversibly bound ions may be used to compensate for the “blind charge” of a material (eg, ECD).

In some embodiments, suitable ions include cations. The cation may include lithium ions (Li+) and/or hydrogen ions (H+) (ie protons). In some implementations, other ions may be suitable. Intercalation of cations can be made into (eg, metal) oxides. A change in the intercalation state of an ion (eg, a cation) into an oxide can cause a visible change in the hue (eg, color) of the oxide. For example, oxides can transition from a colorless to a tinted state. For example, intercalation of lithium ions with tungsten oxide (WO3-y (0 < y ≤ ~ 0.3)) can cause tungsten oxide to change from a transparent state to a colored (eg, blue) state. The EC device coating as described herein is positioned within the viewable portion of the tintable window such that a tint of the EC device coating can be used to control the optical state of the tunable window.

13 shows an example of a schematic cross-section of an electrochromic arrangement 1300 in accordance with some embodiments. The EC device coating comprises a substrate 1302 , a transparent conductive layer (TCL) 1304 , an electrochromic layer (EC) 1306 (sometimes referred to as a cathode colored layer or a cathode colored layer), an ion conductive layer or zone (IC). 1308 , a counter electrode layer (CE) 1310 (sometimes referred to as an anode tinted layer or anode chromic layer) and a second TCL 1314 . Elements 1304 , 1306 , 1308 , 1310 , 1314 are collectively referred to as electrochromic stack 120 . A voltage source 1316 operable to apply a potential across the electrochromic stack 1320 affects the transition of the electrochromic coating from a clear state to a tinted state, for example. In another embodiment, the order of the layers is reversed with respect to the substrate. That is, the layers are in the following order: substrate, TCL, counter electrode layer, ion conducting layer, electrochromic material layer, TCL.

In various embodiments, the ion conductor region (eg, 1308 ) may be formed from a portion of the EC layer (eg, 1306 ) and/or a portion of the CE layer (eg, 1310 ). In such an embodiment, an electrochromic stack (eg, 1320 ) may be deposited to include a cathode colored electrochromic material (EC layer) in direct physical contact with an anode colored counter electrode material (CE layer). Ion conductor regions (sometimes referred to as interfacial regions, or ionically conductive substantially electronically insulated layers or regions) may be formed where the EC layer and the CE layer meet, for example through heating and/or other processing steps. . Examples of electrochromic devices (including, for example, those made without depositing a separate ionic conductor material) are disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 13/, entitled “ELECTRocHROMIC DEVICES,” filed May 2, 2012. 462,725, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. In some embodiments, the EC device coating may include one or more additional layers, such as one or more passive layers. Passive layers may be used to improve certain optical properties, provide moisture, and/or provide scratch resistance. These and/or other passive layers may serve to hermetically seal the EC stack 120 . Various layers, including transparent conductive layers (eg, 1304 and 1314), may be treated with antireflective and/or protective layers (eg, oxide and/or nitride layers).

In certain embodiments, the electrochromic device is configured to cycle reversibly (eg, substantially) between a clear state and a tinted state. Reversible may be within the expected lifetime of the ECD. The life expectancy may be at least about 2y, 5y, 10y, 15y, 25y, 50y, 75y, or 100y (years). The expected lifetime is any value between the values set forth above (eg, from about 5 y to about 100 y, from about 2 y to about 25 y, from about 25 y to about 50 y, or from about 50 y to about 100 y). can When the window is in a first tinted state (eg, clear), the available ions in the stack that may cause the electrochromic material (eg, 1306 ) to enter a tinted state are primarily driven by the counter electrode (eg, clear). A potential may be applied to the electrochromic stack (eg, 1320 ) such that it is present at 1310 . When the potential applied to the electrochromic stack is reversed, ions may be transported across the ion conducting layer (eg, 1308 ) into the electrochromic material and the material may be brought into a second color state (eg, a tinted state) can allow you to enter

It should be understood that the reference to the transition between the clear state and the tinted state is non-limiting and suggests only one example among many of the electrochromic transitions that may be implemented. Unless otherwise specified in this application, whenever a clear-tint transition is referred to, the corresponding device or process includes other optical state transitions such as non-reflective-reflective and/or transparent-opaque. In some embodiments, the terms “clear” and “bleached” refer to an optically neutral state, eg, non-chromic, transparent, and/or translucent. In some embodiments, the “color” or “hue” of an electrochromic transition is not limited to any wavelength or range of wavelengths. Selection of an appropriate electrochromic material and counter electrode material can govern the relevant optical transition (eg, from a tinted state to a non-tinting state).

In certain embodiments, at least some (eg, all) of the materials that make up the electrochromic stack are inorganic, solid (ie, solid), or both inorganic and solid. Because various organic materials tend to degrade over time, inorganic materials offer the advantage of reliable electrochromic stacks that can function for long periods of time, especially when exposed to heat and UV light, such as tinted building windows. . In some embodiments, the solid phase material may provide the advantage of being minimally contaminated and minimizing leakage problems such as sometimes occur with liquid phase materials. One or more layers of the stack may contain a (eg, measurable) amount of organic material. The ECD or any portion thereof (eg, one or more layers) may contain little or no measurable organic matter. The ECD or any portion of the ECD (eg, one or more layers) may contain one or more liquids that may be present in insignificant amounts. Minor can be up to about 100 ppm, 10 ppm or 1 ppm of ECD. The solid material may be deposited (or otherwise formed) using one or more processes using liquid components, such as certain processes using sol-gel, physical vapor deposition, and/or chemical vapor deposition.

14 shows an example of a cross-sectional view of a tinted window implemented in an insulated glass unit (“IGU”) 1400 in accordance with some implementations. When provided for installation in a building, it would be desirable for the IGU to serve as the primary construct for holding the electrochromic pane (also referred to in this application as "lites" and in the singular "lite"). can The IGU light may be a single substrate or a multiple substrate construction. The light may comprise, for example, a laminate of two substrates. An IGU (eg, having a double or triple pane configuration) can provide a number of advantages over a single pane configuration. For example, a multi-pane configuration may provide improved thermal insulation, noise isolation, environmental protection, and/or durability when compared to a single-pane configuration. The multi-pane glass configuration can provide increased protection against ECD. For example, an electrochromic film (eg, as well as associated layers and conductive interconnects) can be formed on the interior surface of a multi-pane glass IGU and an inert gas in the interior volume (eg, 1408) of the IGU. It can be protected by charging. The inert gas filling may provide at least some (thermal) insulation to the IGU. Electrochromic IGUs may have thermal barrier properties, for example, thanks to a tunable coating that absorbs (and/or reflects) heat and light.

In some embodiments, an “IGU” includes two (or more) substantially transparent substrates. For example, an IGU may include two glass plates. At least one substrate of the IGU may include an electrochromic device disposed thereon. A separator may be disposed between one or more panes of the IGU. The IGU may be, for example, a hermetically sealed construction having an interior section isolated from the surrounding environment. A “window assembly” may include an IGU. A “window assembly” may include a (eg, free-standing) laminate. A “window assembly” may include, for example, one or more electrical leads for connecting the IGU and/or laminate. An electrical lead may operatively couple (eg, connect) one or more electrochromic devices to a voltage source, switch, etc., and may include a frame that supports the IGU or laminate. A window assembly may include a window controller, and/or a component of the window controller (eg, a dock).

14 shows an exemplary implementation of an IGU 1400 that includes a first pane 1404 having a first surface S1 and a second surface S2 . In some implementations, the first surface S1 of the first pane 1404 faces an external environment, such as an outdoor environment or an external environment. IGU 200 also includes a second pane 1406 having a first surface S3 and a second surface S4. In some implementations, the second surface (eg, S4 ) of the second pane (eg, 1406 ) is an interior such as an interior environment of a house, building, vehicle, or compartment thereof (eg, an interior enclosure such as a room). towards the environment

In some implementations, the first and second panes (eg, 1404 and 1406 ) are transparent or translucent, eg, to light at least in the visible spectrum. For example, each of the panes (eg, 1404 and 1406 ) may be formed of a glass material. The glass material may include architectural glass and/or shatterproof glass. The glass may include silicon oxide (SO _x ). The glass may include soda-lime glass or float glass. The glass may include at least about 75% silica (SiO ₂ ). The glass may include an oxide such as Na ₂ O, or CaO. The glass may include alkali or alkaline earth oxides. The glass may include one or more additives. The first and/or second pane may comprise any material having suitable optical, electrical, thermal and/or mechanical properties. Other materials (eg substrates) that may be included in the first and/or second panes include plastics, semi-plastics and/or thermoplastics such as poly(methyl methacrylate), polystyrene, polycarbonate, allyl di glycol carbonate, styrene acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN), poly(4-methyl-1-pentene), polyester and/or polyamide. The first and/or second pane may include a mirror material (eg, silver). In some implementations, the first and/or second pane may be strengthened. Strengthening may include tempering, heating and/or chemical strengthening.

In some embodiments, the sensor(s) are operatively coupled to at least one controller and/or processor. The sensor readings may be obtained by one or more processors and/or controllers. The controller may include a processing unit (eg, CPU or GPU). A controller may receive an input (eg, from at least one sensor). The controller may include circuitry, electrical wiring, optical wiring, sockets and/or receptacles. A controller may deliver an output. A controller may include multiple (eg, sub) controllers. The controller may be part of a control system. The control system may include a master controller, a floor controller (eg, including a network controller), and a local controller. The local controller may be a window controller (eg, an optically switchable window control), an enclosure controller, or a component controller. For example, a controller may be part of a hierarchical control system (eg, directing one or more controllers, eg, a floor controller, a local controller (eg, a window controller), an enclosure controller, and/or a component controller). including the main controller). The physical location of a controller type in a hierarchical control system can change. For example: initially: the first processor may assume the role of the main controller, the second processor may assume the role of the floor controller, and the third processor may assume the role of the local controller. Second: the second processor may assume the role of the main controller, the first processor may assume the role of the floor controller, and the third processor may maintain the role of the local controller. Thirdly: the third processor may assume the role of the main controller, the second processor may assume the role of the floor controller, and the first processor may assume the role of the local controller. A controller may control one or more devices (eg, coupled directly to the devices). A controller may be disposed proximate to one or more devices it is controlling. For example, the controller may control an optically switchable device (eg, an IGU), an antenna, a sensor, and/or an output device (eg, a light source, sound source, odor source, gas source, HVAC outlet, or heater). can In one embodiment, the floor controller may direct one or more window controllers, one or more enclosure controllers, one or more component controllers, or any combination thereof. The floor controller may include a floor controller. For example, a floor controller (eg, including a network controller) may control a plurality of local controllers (eg, including a window controller). A plurality of local controllers may be deployed in a portion of a facility (eg, a portion of a building). Part of the facility may be the floor of the facility. For example, a floor controller may be assigned to a floor. In some embodiments, the floor may include a plurality of floor controllers depending on, for example, the size of the floor and/or the number of local controllers coupled to the floor controller. For example, a floor controller may be assigned to a portion of a floor. For example, a floor controller may be assigned to some of the local controllers deployed at the facility. For example, a floor controller may be assigned to a portion of the floor of a facility. The master controller may be coupled to one or more floor controllers. A floor control may be deployed at the facility. The master controller may be located within the facility or may be located outside the facility. The master controller may be deployed in the cloud. The controller may be part of or operatively coupled to the building management system. The controller may receive one or more inputs. The controller may generate one or more outputs. The controller may be a single input single output controller (SISO) or a multiple input multiple output controller (MIMO). The controller may interpret the received input signal. A controller may obtain data from one or more components (eg, sensors). Acquisition may include receiving or extracting. Data may include measuring, estimating, determining, generating, or any combination thereof. The controller may include a feedback control. The controller may include a feed-forward control. The control may include on-off control, proportional control, proportional integral (PI) control, or proportional integral derivative (PID) control. The control may include an open loop control or a closed loop control. The controller may include closed loop control. The controller may include an open loop control. The controller may include a user interface. The user interface may include (or be operatively coupled to) a keyboard, keypad, mouse, touchscreen, microphone, voice recognition package, camera, imaging system, or any combination thereof. The output may include a display (eg, a screen), a speaker, or a printer. FIG. 15 shows an example of a control system architecture 1500 that includes a master controller 1508 that controls a floor controller 1506 , which in turn controls a local controller 1504 . In some embodiments, the local controller controls one or more IGUs, one or more sensors, one or more output devices (eg, one or more emitters), or any combination thereof. 15 shows an example configuration in which a master controller is operatively coupled (eg, wirelessly and/or wired) to a building management system (BMS) 1524 and database 1520 . An arrow in FIG. 15 indicates a communication path. The controller may be operatively coupled (eg, directly/indirectly and/or wired and/or wirelessly) to an external source 1510 . External sources may include networks. The external source may include one or more sensors or output devices. External sources may include cloud-based applications and/or databases. Communication may be wired and/or wireless. The external source may be located outside the facility. For example, the external source may include one or more sensors and/or antennas disposed, for example, on a wall or ceiling of a facility. Communication may be one-way or two-way. In the example shown in Fig. 15, communication means that all communication arrows are bidirectional. 15 shows an example of a perspective view of an enclosure 1501 (eg, a building).

A controller may monitor and/or direct (eg, physical) changes in operating conditions of the devices, software, and/or methods described herein. Control may include coordinating, manipulating, regulating, instructing, monitoring, regulating, modulating, changing, altering, restraining, confirming, guiding, or administering. Controlled (eg, by a controller) may include damping, modulating, changing, managing, suppressing, controlling, regulating, restricting, supervising, manipulating and/or guiding. Control may include controlling a control variable (eg, temperature, power, voltage, and/or profile). Control may include real-time or offline control. Calculations used by the controller may be performed in real time and/or offline. The controller may be a manual or non-manipulated controller. The controller may be an automatic controller. The controller can act upon request. The controller may be a programmable controller. The controller can be programmed. The controller may include a processing unit (eg, CPU or GPU). A controller may receive an input (eg, from at least one sensor). A controller may deliver an output. A controller may include multiple (eg, sub) controllers. The controller may be part of a control system. The control system may include a master controller, a floor controller, a local controller (eg, an enclosure controller or a window controller). The controller may receive one or more inputs. The controller may generate one or more outputs. The controller may be a single input single output controller (SISO) or a multiple input multiple output controller (MIMO). The controller may interpret the received input signal. The controller may acquire data from one or more sensors. Acquisition may include receiving or extracting. Data may include measuring, estimating, determining, generating, or any combination thereof. The controller may include a feedback control. The controller may include a feed-forward control. The control may include on-off control, proportional control, proportional integral (PI) control, or proportional integral derivative (PID) control. The control may include an open loop control or a closed loop control. The controller may include closed loop control. The controller may include an open loop control. The controller may include a user interface. The user interface may include (or be operatively coupled to) a keyboard, keypad, mouse, touchscreen, microphone, voice recognition package, camera, imaging system, or any combination thereof. The output may include a display (eg, a screen), a speaker, or a printer. The methods, systems and/or apparatus described herein may include a control system. The control system may communicate with any device (eg, a sensor) described herein. The sensors may be of the same type or a different type, for example as described herein. For example, the control system may be in communication with a first sensor and/or a second sensor. The control system may control one or more sensors. The control system may control one or more components of a building management system (eg, lighting, security and/or air conditioning systems). The controller may adjust at least one (eg, environmental) characteristic of the enclosure. The control system may use any component of the building management system to regulate the enclosure environment. For example, the control system may regulate the energy supplied by the heating element and/or the cooling element. For example, the control system may regulate the velocity of air flowing through the vent to and/or from the enclosure. The control system may include a processor. A processor may be a processing unit. The controller may include a processing unit. The processing unit may be central. The processing unit may include a central processing unit (abbreviated herein as “CPU”). The processing unit may be a graphics processing unit (abbreviated as "GPU" in this application). The controller(s) or control mechanism (eg, including a computer system) may be programmed to implement one or more methods of the present disclosure. A processor may be programmed to implement the methods of the present disclosure. A controller may control at least one component of the forming system and/or apparatus disclosed herein.

16 shows a schematic example of a computer system 1600 programmed or otherwise configured with one or more operations of any of the methods provided herein. The computer system controls (eg, directs, monitors and/or controls various features of the methods, devices and systems of the present disclosure, such as, for example, controlling heating, cooling, lighting and/or ventilation of the enclosure or any combination thereof). or control). The computer system may be part of or in communication with any sensor or device (eg, including sensors and/or emitters) ensemble disclosed herein. A computer may be coupled to one or more mechanisms disclosed herein and/or to any portion thereof. For example, a computer may be coupled to one or more sensors, valves, switches, lights, windows (eg, IGUs), motors, pumps, optical components, or any combination thereof.

In some embodiments, circuitry is operatively (eg, communicatively coupled) to a network of enclosures (eg, facilities including buildings). The circuitry may include a driver board or a controller. The controller may be any controller disclosed herein (eg, a timing controller, a touchscreen controller, and/or any controller of a (eg, hierarchical) control system). The controller may be operatively coupled to the device ensemble. A device ensemble may include a sensor or emitter. For example, a device ensemble may include a plurality of sensors, a plurality of emitters, or any combination thereof. The emitter may be a light (eg, LED) or sound (eg, buzzer or loudspeaker) emitter. The sensor may sense any environmental characteristic of the environment (eg, light, temperature, chemical content (eg, atmospheric) or sound). The chemical content may include volatile organic compounds (Voc), carbon dioxide, oxygen, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide or humidity. The control system may be configured to control the environment (eg, via a network) using, for example, a building management system. The control system may be configured to control (eg, via a network) a ventilation, heating, air conditioning, cooling, lighting, security, safety, fire or sound system of an enclosure (eg, a facility). The control system may be configured to control (eg, via a network) at least one tinting window, display element, and/or touchscreen. The network may facilitate updating of any software (eg, a non-transitory computer readable medium) associated with an operatively (eg, communicatively) coupled device. The network may facilitate updating any logic (eg, control logic) associated with an operatively (eg, communicatively) coupled device. The logic may be embedded in software. The network may facilitate updating any data stream associated with an operatively (eg, communicatively) coupled device. The update may be in real time. The network may facilitate response times and/or update times with delays of up to about 2 milliseconds (ms), 3 ms, 4 ms, 5 ms, 7 ms, 10 ms, or 15 ms. The network may facilitate low-latency communication. The display element, the touchscreen function, and/or the tinting window may (eg, each) have a unique identifying (alphanumeric) code. The display element, the touchscreen function and/or the tinting window may (eg, respectively) be uniquely recognized by the network and/or control system. A display element, a touchscreen function, and/or a tintable window may (eg, respectively) be uniquely identified as a device and/or node by a network and/or control system.

In some embodiments, a device (eg, a display element, a touchscreen function, and/or a tinting window) is communicatively coupled to a network. A third-party device and/or data stream (eg, a third-party media provider) may use a network authentication protocol, for example, to communicate with a control system and/or other device. A network authentication protocol may open one or more ports for network access. The port(s) may be opened when an organization and/or facility authenticates (eg, via network authentication) the identity of a device attempting to operatively couple (and/or physically couple) to a network. Being operatively coupled may include being communicatively coupled. An organization and/or facility may authorize a device's access to the network (eg, using the network). Access may or may not be restricted. A restriction may include one or more security levels. The identity of the device may be determined based on credentials and/or credentials. The credential and/or certificate may be verified by the network (eg, by a server operatively coupled to the network). The authentication protocol may or may not be specific to physical communication (eg, Ethernet communication) in a local area network (LAN) using, for example, packets. Standards can be maintained by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). A standard may specify the operational characteristics of a physical media (eg, target device) and/or a network (eg, Ethernet). A networking standard may support a virtual LAN (VLAN) in a local area (eg, Ethernet) network. The standard may support power over a local area network (eg, Ethernet). The network may provide for communication over power lines (eg, coaxial cable). The power may be direct current (DC) power. The power may be at least about 12 Watts (W), 15W, 25W, 30W, 40W, 48W, 50W, or 100W. Standards can facilitate mesh networking. The standard may facilitate local area network (LAN) technology and/or wide area network (WAN) applications. The standard facilitates the physical connection between target devices and/or infrastructure devices (hubs, switches, routers), for example, by various types of cables (e.g., coaxial, twisted pair, copper cables, and/or fiber cables). can do it An example of a network authentication protocol may be 802.1X or KERBEROS. The network authentication protocol may include secret key encryption. The network may support (eg, communication) protocols including 802.3, 802.3af (PoE), 802.3at (PoE+), 802.1Q, or 802.11s. The network may support a communication protocol for a building automation and control (BAC) network (eg, BACnet). A protocol may define the service(s) used to communicate between various devices coupled to a network. The one or more devices may include sensors, emitters, tunable windows, display elements, touchscreen functions, controllers, transceivers, antennas, third party media provider related equipment, personal computers, mobile circuitry (eg, laptops, cell phones, touchpads). , and/or any other (eg, third party) device. Protocol services may include device and object discovery (eg, Who-Is, I-Am, Who-Has, and/or I-Have). Protocol services may include read attributes (eg, for data sharing) and write attributes. A network protocol may define an object type (eg, actuated by a service). Protocols can be implemented on one or more data links and/or physical layers (e.g., ARCNET, Ethernet, BACnet/IP, BACnet/IPv6, BACnet/MSTP, point-to-point over RS-232, MS/TP (Master-Slave/ Token-Passing) over RS-485, ZigBee and/or LonTalk) can be defined. The protocol may be device-specific (eg, Internet of Things (IoT) devices and/or Machine to Machine (M2M) communications). The protocol may be a messaging protocol. The protocol may be a publish-subscribe type protocol. Protocols may be configured for messaging transport. A protocol may be configured for a remote device. The protocol may be configured for devices with a small code footprint and/or minimal network bandwidth. A small code footprint can be configured to be handled by a microcontroller. A protocol may have multiple quality of service levels, including (i) at most once, (ii) at least once, and/or (iii) exactly once. Multiple quality of service levels may increase the reliability of message delivery in a network (eg, to its target). The protocol may facilitate (i) device to cloud and/or (ii) cloud to device messaging. A messaging protocol is configured to broadcast a message to a group of devices (eg, as described herein), such as sensors and/or emitters. The protocol may conform to the Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS). Protocols may support security mechanisms such as authentication (eg, using tokens). The protocol may support access delegation standards (eg, OAuth). The protocol does not provide a security code (eg, token and/or password) associated with the first application to the second application (and/or website) for information about the second application (and/or website). It may support granting access to the first application (and/or website). The protocol may include a Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) or Advanced Message Queuing Protocol (AMQP) protocol. The protocol may be configured for a message rate of at least one (1) message per second (eg, per publisher), or more messages per second (eg, per publisher). The protocol may be configured to facilitate message payload sizes of up to about 64, 86, 96 or 128 bytes. The protocol operates a protocol compliant (eg MQTT) library and/or communicates (eg, from a microcontroller to a server) with any device that connects to a compliant broker (eg, MQTT broker) over a network. can be configured. Each device (eg, target device, sensor, or emitter) may be a publisher and/or subscriber. At least one broker can handle millions of concurrently connected devices, or fewer than millions of devices. The broker can handle at least about 100, 10000, 100000, 1000000 or 10000000 concurrently connected devices. In some embodiments, the broker receives at least a portion (eg, all) of the messages, filters the messages, determines who is interested in each message, and/or such subscribed devices (eg, , is responsible for sending messages to the broker client). The protocol may require an Internet connection to the network. The protocol may facilitate bidirectional and/or synchronous peer-to-peer messaging. The protocol may be a binary wire protocol. Examples of such network protocols, control systems, and networks can be found in U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/000,342, filed March 26, 2020, entitled "MESSAGING IN A MULTI CLIENT NETWORK," which is in its entirety. This application is incorporated by reference.

A computer system may include a processing unit (eg, 1606 ) (also “processor,” “computer,” and “computer processor,” as used herein). The computer system includes a memory or memory location (eg, 1602) (eg, random access memory, read-only memory, flash memory), an electronic storage unit (eg, 1604) (eg, , hard disk), a communication interface (eg, 1603) (eg, a network adapter) for communication with one or more other systems, and peripheral devices such as cache, other memory, data storage, and/or electronic display adapters. (eg, 1605). In the example shown in FIG. 16 , the memory 1602 , the storage unit 1604 , the interface 1603 , and the peripheral device 1605 communicate with the processing unit 1606 via a communication bus (solid line), such as a motherboard. . The storage unit may be a data storage unit (or data storage) for storing data. A computer system may be operatively coupled to a computer network (“network”) (eg, 1601 ) with the aid of a communication interface. The network may be the Internet, the Internet and/or an extranet or an intranet and/or an extranet that communicates with the Internet. In some cases, the network is a communication and/or data network. A network may include one or more computer servers that may enable distributed computing, such as cloud computing. The network may in some cases implement a peer-to-peer network with the aid of a computer system, which makes it possible for a device coupled to the computer system to act as a client or server.

The processing unit may execute a series of machine readable instructions that may be implemented as a program or software. The instructions may be stored in a memory location, such as memory 1602 . Instructions may be directed to a processing unit, which may subsequently program or otherwise configure the processing unit to implement the methods of the present disclosure. Examples of operations performed by the processing unit may include fetch, decode, execute, and rewrite. The processing unit may interpret and/or execute the instructions. Processors include microprocessors, data processors, central processing units (CPUs), graphics processing units (GPUs), system-on-chips (Socs), coprocessors, network processors, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), and application-specific instruction set processors (ASIPs). , a controller, a programmable logic device (PLD), a chipset, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or any combination thereof. The processing unit may be part of a circuit, such as an integrated circuit. One or more other components of system 1600 may be included in circuitry.

The storage unit may store files such as drivers, libraries and stored programs. The storage unit may store user data (eg, user preferences and user programs). In some cases, the computer system may include one or more additional data storage units located external to the computer system, eg, on a remote server that communicates with the computer system via an intranet or the Internet.

The computer system may communicate with one or more remote computer systems via a network. For example, a computer system may communicate with a remote computer system of a user (eg, an operator). Examples of remote computer systems include personal computers (eg, portable PCs), slats or tablet PCs (eg, Apple® iPad, Samsung® Galaxy Tab), telephones, smartphones (eg, Apple® iPhone, Android supported devices, Blackberry®) or personal digital assistant. A user (eg, a client) may access a computer system through a network.

The methods described herein may be implemented by machine (eg, computer processor) executable code stored in an electronic storage location of a computer system, such as, for example, memory 1602 or electronic storage unit 1604 . The machine executable or machine readable code may be provided in the form of software. During use, the processor 1606 may execute code. In some cases, the code may be retrieved from the storage unit and stored in memory for ready access by the processor. In some cases, an electronic storage unit may be excluded, and the machine executable instructions are stored in the memory.

The code may be precompiled and configured for use with a machine adapted to execute the code, or may be compiled during runtime. The code may be supplied in a programming language that may be selected to enable the code to be executed in precompiled or as-compiled form.

In some embodiments, a processor comprises code. The code may be a program instruction. The program instructions may cause the at least one processor (eg, a computer) to direct a feed forward and/or feedback control loop. In some embodiments, the program instructions cause the at least one processor to direct a closed-loop and/or open-loop control scheme. Control may be based, at least in part, on one or more sensor readings (eg, sensor data). One controller may direct a plurality of operations. At least two actions may be directed by different controllers. In some embodiments, different controllers may direct at least two of actions (a), (b) and (c). In some embodiments, different controllers may direct at least two of actions (a), (b) and (c). In some embodiments, the non-transitory computer-readable medium causes each different computer to direct at least two of the operations (a), (b), and (c). In some embodiments, different non-transitory computer readable media cause each different computer to direct at least two of operations (a), (b), and (c). A controller and/or computer readable medium may point to any of the apparatus or components thereof disclosed herein. A controller and/or computer readable medium may direct any operation of the methods disclosed herein.

In some embodiments, the at least one display arrangement and the associated integrated glass unit(s) operate in concert with one another. Control of the at least one display element and associated tincture window (eg, integrated glass unit(s)) may be through integration of control of the tincture window with control of the display element. For example, the display arrangement and the tinted glass may be operatively (eg, communicatively) coupled to a control system, eg, via a network. Control of the at least one display element may be via Ethernet. The tonal level of the tinting window(s) may be adjusted when one or more associated display elements are in use. The tint level of the tinting window may be automatically changed (eg, darkened) when one or more display elements are in use. Automatically changing (eg, darkening or brightening) the tonal level of the tinting window(s) may be based, at least in part, on external radiation and/or display contrast. Automatically changing the tonal level of a tinted window may be based, at least in part, on privacy (eg, limiting the ability to view the display construct from someone outside the facility). When the tinting window(s) are in use, a region of the tinting window may (automatically) change (eg, darken or lighten) its tonal level. The region of the tinting window may include a plurality of tinting windows. A zone is defined as (i) a tinted window facing a particular orientation of an enclosure (eg, a facility), (ii) a plurality of tunable windows on a particular face (eg, exterior) of the facility, (iii) a specific orientation of the facility. a tinted window on a floor, (iv) a plurality of tinted windows in a particular type of room and/or activity (eg, an open space, office, conference room, classroom, hallway, reception hall, or cafeteria), (v) the same a tincture window disposed on a fixture (eg, an interior or exterior wall), and/or (vi) a user-defined plurality of tinting windows (eg, a room that is a subset of a larger group of tinable windows) or a group of tunable windows on the surface, eg, in a conference room, where a display arrangement on one of the eight tinable windows may dim the tint of the eight tinable windows—the area of interest. The (automatic) tinting of the tinting window may be based, at least in part, on whether the display construct is showing active content (eg, content for user viewing) or showing inactive content. An automatic change in the tonal level of the tinting window when at least one display element is in use (eg, by manually adjusting the tonal level) may be overridden by the user. A user may use mobile circuitry (eg, remote controller, virtual reality controller, cell phone, electronic notepad, laptop computer, and/or similar mobile device) to override automatic tinting of the tinting window(s).

In some embodiments, the at least one display arrangement and associated tinting window(s) may be adjacent to a heat dissipation system (eg, a heater). by heat adjacent the display element (eg, the display element, any touchscreen, circuitry, power supply, adjacent sensors, adjacent emitters, and/or solar radiation (eg, transmitted through the tincture window); generated heat) can be dissipated. Heat can be transferred through conduction, convection and/or electromagnetic waves (radiation). Heat can be actively or passively removed. Heat may be removed through convection and/or conduction. Active heat removal may be controlled (eg, using a control system). Active (eg, forced) convection (eg, a fan) may create an air flow to dissipate heat adjacent the display structure(s). Airflow may be present in the gap (eg, between the tinting window(s) and the display element(s)). One or more temperature sensor(s) adjacent to and/or operatively coupled to the display element(s) are configured to sense the temperature and signal to initiate forced convection when a first (higher) temperature threshold is reached. can The temperature sensor(s) may (automatically) shut down the display element(s) when a second (higher) temperature threshold is reached (eg, to prevent malfunction and/or damage). Damage can be permanent or temporary. The first temperature threshold may be a lower temperature value than the second temperature threshold. The threshold may vary depending on the ambient temperature. The ambient temperature may include a temperature outside the enclosure in which the display arrangement is disposed, or the temperature of the enclosure in which the display arrangement is disposed. Thermal heating penetrating through the tinting window(s) may be limited (e.g., through the use of low emissivity (Lo-E) glass) to, for example, reduce the thermal load on the display structure(s). there is.

In some embodiments, operation of the at least one display element and associated tinting window(s) includes maintenance tasks associated with the display element(s). Control of maintenance tasks (eg, pixel compensation, temperature, use and/or reset) of the display arrangement may be automatic (eg, using a control system). Pixel compensation may include adjusting the brightness of a pixel in the display arrangement based at least in part on how the pixel has been used over its lifetime. For example, the wavelength and/or intensity the pixel emits, and optionally for how long. For example, how often the wavelength and/or intensity was projected by the pixel. For example, what the pixel displayed (eg motion video or static display). Display element temperature, fan speed, degree of display element use, and/or type of display element use may be monitored over time. Monitoring may be performed by a control system. Monitoring may utilize sensors coupled to a network (eg, and a control system). Monitoring may be in real time and/or in situ while the display arrangement is projecting media. The control system may use image processing to evaluate the state of one or more light emitting entities (eg, LEDs or other lights) of the display arrangement. The sensor may include a camera (eg, a still image or video camera). The camera may include an array of pixels (eg, a charge coupled device (CCD) camera). The camera may be configured for digital imaging (eg, a CCD or complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) camera). The camera may include a photographic plate. A camera may be sensitive to color gamut (eg, the full range of colors visible to the average human eye). The control system may monitor the display arrangement continuously and/or intermittently (eg, at predetermined intervals). The control system may continuously or intermittently record data related to monitoring the display element. Data may be logged at predetermined intervals and/or when a threshold is reached. The threshold may be a thermal, electrical and/or optical threshold. The threshold may vary over time (eg, a temperature greater than 50° C. for greater than about 1 minute). A display element adjustment (eg, resetting) may be based, at least in part, on such monitoring of a display element (eg, optical, thermal and/or electrical) property (eg, according to a time threshold). A threshold may be a value or a function (eg, a time and/or spatially dependent function). The space may relate to the type of enclosure in which the display arrangement is disposed. For example, a display arrangement in a conference room may have a lower error tolerance than a display arrangement in a hallway. Monitoring of the display arrangement may provide predictions regarding the lifetime of the component(s) of the display arrangement (eg, pixels, electrical circuitry, filters and/or fans). Monitoring the display construct (eg, over time) can proactively detect any predicted declines associated with or in components of the display construct (eg, pixels, electrical circuitry, filters and/or fans). can be compensated Monitoring and/or diagnosis of the display construct may be via a network (eg, a network disposed at least in part on a skin of the facility). Monitoring and/or diagnosis of the display element may be performed by the control system. Adjusting (eg, resetting) the display element may include turning the display element on and off (automatically and/or controllably). The display element may be configured for one display element per time interval (eg, at least about every 24, 36, 48 or 72 hours), for example, if a pixel of the display element may be susceptible to malfunction (eg, a burning failure). can be cycled. The time interval may vary depending on the type and/or degree of predicted impairment (eg, predicted impairment of a pixel, or predicted impairment of a group of pixels). The time interval for cycling may vary depending on the viewing type of the display arrangement. For example, static viewing (eg, using a display construct as a display) performed for longer than a predetermined threshold may increase the risk of pixel malfunction (eg, malfunction). In contrast to video with movement, more frequent on/off cycling when using display constructs for static viewing may reduce the risk of pixel malfunction in static viewing. The control system may (eg, via a software module) predict maintenance and/or replacement of the display arrangement or any of its components (eg, based on monitored pixel conditions). The prediction may be based, at least in part, on real-time sensor measurements of the output of the display construct (eg, as compared to the expected output). The prediction may be based, at least in part, on previous sensor measurements of the output (eg, fatigue test) of the display construct performed, eg, in a laboratory or other test facility (eg, compared to the expected output). The prediction may be based, at least in part, on the viewing of the display arrangement to be maintained/replaced. The prediction may be based, at least in part, on viewing of a display arrangement other than being maintained/replaced (eg, a test display arrangement). The prediction may be based, at least in part, on average pixel conditions, eg, taking into account the illumination profile of any of the display arrangement and/or its individual pixels. The control system may provide notifications regarding anticipated replacements and/or maintenance. Such forecasting makes it possible to perform proactive maintenance and/or replacement. Such prediction may allow for an expected stockpiling of each display arrangement to be maintained and/or replaced. Such forecasting may allow timely scheduling of personnel to perform such maintenance and/or replacement.

18 illustrates an example of operation associated with at least one display arrangement and associated tinting window(s). Control of the at least one display element and associated tinting window(s) may be through integration of control of the tinting window(s) with control of the display element. Control of the at least one display element may be via a network. At block 1801, the tonal level of the at least one tinting window is adjusted when one or more associated display element(s) is in use and/or when the display element is ready for use. For example, the tonal level of the tinting window(s) may be automatically dimmed when one or more display element(s) are in use. Automatically dimming the tonal level of the at least one tunable window may include (i) external radiation, (ii) displayed media in display contrast, (iii) displayed media type (eg, static or variable) and/or (iv) may be based, at least in part, on a privacy request. Automatically dimming the tonal level of the tinting window(s) may be based, at least in part, on privacy (eg, limiting the ability to view the display construct from anyone outside the facility). A region of the tinting window may change its tonal level (eg, darken) when one or more display elements are in use. The zone of the tinted window may include a plurality of tinted windows facing a particular direction of the facility, may be a plurality of tinted windows on a particular side of the facility, and may be a plurality of tinted windows on a particular floor of the facility. and can be a plurality of tinted windows of a particular type of room (eg, an open space, an office, a conference room, a classroom, a cafeteria), and/or a plurality of user-defined tinted windows (eg, a tinted window) In a room or group of tunable windows on an exterior surface that is a subset of a larger group of tunable windows, e.g., in a conference room, a display arrangement on one of the eight tinable windows can display the tints of the eight tinted windows—the corresponding region. can be darkened). The zone may be any zone disclosed in this application. The automatic tinting of the tinting window may be based, at least in part, on whether the display construct is showing active content (eg, content for user viewing) or showing inactive content. At block 1803 , the automatic darkening of the tonal levels of the tinting windows may be overridden by the user manually adjusting the tonal levels of one or more tinting windows. A user may use mobile circuitry (eg, remote controller, virtual reality controller, cell phone, electronic notepad, and/or laptop computer) to override automatic tinting of the tinting window(s). At block 1804 , rows adjacent to the display arrangement (eg, using, for example, automatic operation of a fan or any other heat exchanger) (eg, any component related to the display arrangement and/or a tinting window) heat generated by solar radiation transmitted through A temperature sensor adjacent the display arrangement may sense the temperature and signal to initiate an active heat exchange operation (eg, initiate forced convection) when a first high temperature threshold is reached. The temperature sensor may shut down the display element(s) when a second higher temperature threshold is reached. Act 1805 depicts predicting and/or predicting (eg, automating) the maintenance task(s) of a display construct (eg, pixel compensation, temperature, use and/or resetting). Pixel compensation is performed in a display arrangement based, at least in part, on how much that pixel was used, how often that pixel was used, and/or what was displayed by the pixel (eg, a video with motion or static display). It may include adjusting the brightness of the pixel. Display element temperature, active heat exchange intensity (eg, fan speed) and/or amount of display element usage may be monitored. Display construct adjustments (eg, resetting) may be based, at least in part, on monitoring display construct properties. As the pixel deteriorates, more current and/or voltage may be required to produce the requested output. Adjusting the display element may include adjusting the intensity of one or more pixels of the display element to produce the requested output. Monitoring of the display arrangement may provide predictions regarding the health and/or predicted lifetime of components of the display arrangement (eg, pixels, electrical circuitry, filters and/or fans). The control system may notify and/or proactively compensate for any predicted decline of a component associated with the display arrangement. Monitoring and/or diagnostics of the display arrangement may be via a network that may be located at least in part on the skin of the facility. In block 1807 the display element is optionally adjusted and/or reset. Adjustment and/or redial may include automatically turning the display element on and off, for example, to increase pixel lifetime and/or reduce pixel output malfunction.

In some embodiments, the operation of the at least one display arrangement and the associated tinting window(s) is based, at least in part, on a state of the at least one display arrangement. The state of the display element may be inspected, monitored, and/or verified as to whether at least one display element is turned on. If at least one display element is not turned on, thereafter, the default and/or manual tint level of the tinting window(s) may be activated. The (eg, on/off) state of the display element may be checked periodically. When at least one display element is turned on (eg, in operation), then it can be determined whether the display element is displaying active content or inactive content. If the display construct is not turned on (eg, not displaying media), then the default or manual tint level of the tinting window(s) may be activated. When the display construct is displaying active content, (i) a region of the tinted window proximate to the display construct(s) that displays the active content can be identified, and (ii) the tonal level identified for the window in the region (e.g., for example, different tonal levels based at least in part on the presence of solar radiation, solar glare, and/or desired contrast) and/or (iii) adjust the tonal level of the tinting window in the identified zone.

19 shows an example of a control operation with respect to at least one display arrangement and associated tinting window(s). At block 1901 a state of at least one display arrangement is ascertained. At block 1902 , the control system determines whether the at least one display element is on (eg, whether the at least one pixel controllably emits radiation). If the at least one display element is not turned on, then the default or hand-manipulated tint level of the tinting window(s) is activated at block 1903, and the status of the display element is checked periodically. If at least one display element is turned on, then at block 1904 it may be determined whether the display element is displaying active content. If not, then the default or hand-manipulated tonal level of the tinting window(s) may be activated at block 1903, and the state of the display construct is periodically checked. If the display element is displaying active content, the tinting window(s) proximate to the display element(s) displaying the active content is identified at block 1905 . The tinting window(s) can be identified at block 1906 at their tint level (eg, different tint levels based at least in part on the presence of sun/glare and desired contrast), and at block 1907 in the tinting window of the block. Any tonal level adjustment is made to the The tinting window may be part of a zone (eg, the zone may be identified by a controller) or may not be part of a zone. Where the first tinting window coupled to the display arrangement is part of a region comprising at least one second tinting window not coupled to the display arrangement. The color tone of the second tinting window may or may not be changed to the color tone of the first tinting window. Changing the tint of other windows in the zone in conjunction with changing the tint of the tinting window associated with the display arrangement may be predetermined and/or determined by the user.

In some embodiments, a plurality of display elements are coupled together in a control scheme. A plurality of display elements may be mounted adjacent to one or the tincture window. The tinting window may be connected (eg, wired or wireless) via a local controller (eg, window controller) as part of a control system. The control system may include a distributed network of controllers coupled to a power and/or communication network. The control system controls various functions (eg, functions of a facility (eg, office buildings, warehouses, etc.) can be controlled The display elements may be connected (eg, wired or wirelessly) through a display interface that may be received in one or more housings. The display interface housing may be referred to herein as an electrical-box ((E)-box) (eg, 2006). The E-box may be operatively coupled to a network (eg, for power and/or communication). The network may provide data and/or power to the display arrangement. The user content server may provide data over a network to be displayed on the display arrangement and/or may provide data and power to the display interface via one or more connections to the display interface. The display interface may include an adapter (eg, an Ethernet adapter (eg, RS-485-to-ethernet)) and/or the E-box may include a native adapter (eg, Ethernet/IP) Support may be included. The E-box may originate a prompt and/or respond to a query from the network. The connections of the device for data transmission may include, for example, Ethernet, HDMI, DisplayPort, RS-485 and/or other types of connections for data and/or media transmission. Power may be provided to the E-box via power-over-internet (PoE) and/or separate power cables. The plurality of display arrangements may show different content on each display arrangement, may show the same (eg, overlapping) content, or may present multiple (eg, such that each of the plurality of display arrangements shows a section of an image). may be configured to show one image across the display arrangement of Connection of display elements may allow a small number of display elements (eg, up to 10, 9, 8, 5, 6 or 4) to be controlled via the local controller. In some embodiments, a greater number (eg, more than 10) display elements may be combined via a network controller (eg, a floor controller) or have all display elements in a facility controlled by the main controller. can A display element may display media individually (eg, independent of other display elements) or a group of display elements (eg, at least 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 20, 25, 50, or 75 display constructs may be arranged as a group (set) of displays) may be controlled to display data, for example as if it were a single display construct (e.g., one media each between displays in a group of displays). split). The display arrangement may form a video wall. A video wall may include a plurality of display arrangements that are tiled (eg, consecutively or superimposed) together to form one large screen. The controller controlling the video wall controller may split a single image to be projected on the video wall into portions to be displayed on the individual display constructs that make up the video wall. The display arrangement may be coupled to a wall (eg, opaque or transparent) or a tinted window. The video wall controller may include a hardware-based controller or a software-based and media card controller. The hardware-based controller may include a media processing chipset and may not have an operating system. The software based and media card controller may be deployed in a processor with an operating system. The processor may be on the server or it may be local. The processor may be configured with a multiple output graphics card and/or a video capture input card.

A display construct may be configured in a layout. The layout may include a matrix grid layout (eg, 2x2, 3x3, or 4x4) of the same display geometry (eg, having the same aspect ratio). The layout may include, for example, a layout of display geometries (eg, with different aspect ratios) that are not identical in configurations other than the symmetry matrix. The displayed media content may be the same, divided or completely different. For example, at least two different parallel content may be displayed on a video wall of a display arrangement.

20 shows an example of a control scheme for a plurality of display arrangements. A plurality of display structures 2002 may be mounted adjacent to a plurality of tincture windows 2003 . Tunable window 2003 is connected to a control network 2004 that controls various functions of a facility (eg, office building, warehouse, etc.) via a local (window) controller 2001 (eg, wired and/or wireless) may be connected 2009 , and the control may include adjusting the tint of the tinting window 2003 . The display arrangement 2002 is via a controller housed within the display interface 2005 and the housing (also referred to herein as an electrical (E) box) 2006 to control the network 2004 (including the control system) (eg, For example, it may be connected 2010 (wired and/or wirelessly). The control network may be coupled to the tincture window and/or display arrangement via a wiring network, such wiring (eg, coaxial cable) may provide data and/or power to the display arrangement 2002 . The user content server 2007 may provide data (eg, via wiring and/or a control network) to be displayed on the display arrangement 2002 and/or one or more connections 2011 to the display interface 2005 . ) to provide data and power to the display interface 2005 . The display interface may include an Ethernet adapter (eg, RS-485-to-ethernet). E-box 2006 may include native Ethernet/IP support. E-box 2006 may issue prompts and/or respond to queries from network 2004 . Connections of the device for data transmission may include, for example, Ethernet, HDMI, DisplayPort, RS-485 and/or other types of connections for data transmission. Power may be provided to the E-box 2006 via power-over-internet (PoE) and/or separate power cables. The plurality of display arrangements 2002 may show different content, the same content, or may be used to show an image across multiple display arrangements 2002 (eg, as in a video wall).

In some embodiments, the display arrangement is used to display various media in a facility. The display arrangement may include, for example, one or more media displays that may be at least partially transparent when the display arrangement is not in operation (eg, a TOLED display). The display construction may be coupled (eg, directly or indirectly) to a hard surface such as a wall, board, or window (eg, a visible window). The hard surface may be a fixture. The window may be a tunable window (eg, an electrochromic window). The window may be disposed on a building or may be disposed on an envelope of a building. The visible window may include a tincture window comprising an electrochromic window capable of tinting (eg, darkening, brightening, and/or changing its color (eg, color)), which It is possible to provide a background for contrasting the media displayed by the

In some embodiments, one or more display structures may be operatively coupled (eg, mounted) to a hard surface (eg, a window, wall, or board). Bonding may be via hinges, adhesives, fasteners, and/or other suitable mechanisms. The coupling may be disposed at least partially within the one or more window frame portions. The window frame(s) may include a vertical portion (eg, a doorpost) and may include a horizontal portion (eg, a crosspiece). The display structure may be attached directly to the hard surface (eg, using an adhesive). The adhesive may or may not contact the window frame (or a portion thereof). The hard surface may comprise a cured material (eg, glass, metal, or polymer). The hard surface may comprise a solid (eg, gypsum, ceramic, concrete and/or stone). Multiple display constructs may be mounted (eg, via hinges, adhesives, fasteners, and/or other mechanisms).

In some embodiments, the display arrangement is controlled by at least one controller. The controller may be part of a control system. The controller may include a controller that directly couples (eg, couples) to the display arrangement. The connection between the controller and the display element may use wired and/or wireless communication. The controller may be coupled to the display arrangement via a plurality of wires (eg, for communication and/or power). The controller may be disposed in the housing. The housing may include one or more materials. Materials may include elemental metals, metal alloys, polymers (eg, plastics), resins, wood, glass, composites, and/or other materials. The material may include a transparent or opaque material. The material may include a conductive or insulating (eg, dielectric) material. The housing may include a diffuse or reflective material. The housing may have a plurality of faces. At least two (eg, all) of the plurality of wires may extend from one of the plurality of sides of the controller housing. Occasionally, a single controller housing (eg, containing one or more controllers) may be coupled to a plurality of display arrangements. Sometimes, a controller may be operatively (eg, directly) coupled to a display arrangement. Sometimes, a controller may be operatively (eg, directly) coupled to two or more display arrangements. The direct coupling may include wiring connecting the controller and the display element. The wiring may be an uninterrupted wiring. The controller and/or housing may include wiring inlets. The wiring entry may or may not be on the same side as the wiring exit of the controller housing. Sometimes, a plurality of control housings may be placed adjacent to each other (eg, in contact with each other, or directly coupled to each other (eg, via wiring). At least two different housings (eg, At least two wires (e.g., all wires) connecting the controller(s) of all housings with at least two (e.g. all) of the display constructs (e.g., of a set of display constructs) include (i ) from the same face type of the housing and/or (ii) in the same general direction (e.g., upward, downward, left or right) The face type can be a face facing (e.g., downward facing, (upward facing, east facing, west facing, north facing, east facing, or any combination thereof) The direction may be with respect to the user facing the display arrangement and with respect to the center of gravity.

In some embodiments, the controller housing is mounted to the frame portion. The controller housing may be mounted within at least a portion of a window, board or wall frame. A portion of the frame may consist of upper horizontal jamb(s) (runpiece(s)), lower horizontal jamb(s) (runpiece(s)) and/or vertical (lateral) jamm interior or combination of jamb forming window frame(s) can be The top and bottom are for the center of gravity. The display connector may connect the controller to the display arrangement via one or more cables and/or wiring. A display connector capable of connecting the controller to each display arrangement via a cable may extend from one of the plurality of sides of the controller housing or may extend from two or more of the plurality of sides of the controller housing. At least two (eg, all) of the cables connecting the controller to the corresponding display arrangement may be (eg, substantially) the same length. The cable may extend at least partially within the window frame(s). The cables connecting the controller to the display arrangement may have different lengths. The cables may extend at least partially inside and/or outside the window frame(s). The (eg, local) controller may include, for example, a power supply connector that may connect to one or more power supplies. The power supply connector may be disposed on the same side as the side from which the data cable to the display arrangement extends or on a different side. The different faces may form an angle, and the angle may be (eg, substantially) perpendicular. The different faces may be parallel to each other. Data (eg, communications and/or media) cable(s) may be coupled from one or more data sources (eg, server(s)) to the controller. The data cable may connect to a media content provider server and/or to a server that controls the tonal level of the window(s). In some embodiments, power and data are coupled to the display arrangement via the same cable (eg, coaxial cable).

In some embodiments, a plurality of devices (eg, including sensors and/or emitters) are integrated into a common housing. The housing may include one or more circuit boards. The housing may incorporate an ensemble of devices. The ensemble may have a single housing (eg, a cover). More than one circuit board (eg, a printed circuit board PCB) may be disposed in a single housing. At least one controller may be disposed in the housing. The housing may be adapted for mounting to a window, wall, ceiling, or any other structure and/or fixture of an enclosure (eg, a facility, building, or room) to perform various functions. A common assembly of devices (eg, an ensemble of devices) may include power conditioning components, circuitry (eg, processing units), memory, and/or network interfaces. The housing may include a mounting adapter that may be provided for installing the assembly to at least a portion of a fixture, such as a window jamb. The housing comprises (I) one or more openings for receiving external environmental characteristic(s) into the housing, (II) an electrical and/or electromagnetic (eg, radiofrequency) shield, and/or (III) a heat exchanger (eg, For example, passive or active) may include one or more features desirable for optimal performance. For example, the housing may include one or more openings (eg, holes) to facilitate air flow past the circuit board. The housing may include a heat sink. The heat exchanger and/or shield may shield the circuitry from external influences and/or may shield between circuit boards encapsulated in the housing. The housing may include an open body and a lid. The lid may include one or more openings (eg, holes). A lid may snap into the open body to close the casing. The housing may include an opening for receiving the cable.

21A shows an example of a hard surface 2101 (eg, a tinted window) mounted (eg, via hinges and/or adhesives) within a frame 2102 . Frame 2102 includes vertical doorposts 2103a, 2103b and crosspieces 2104a, 2104b (sometimes referred to as horizontal doorposts). Two display structures 2105a and 2105b are mounted (eg, via hinges and/or adhesives) within a frame 2102 and a viewable surface of a hard surface 2101 (eg, a window such as a tunable window). or the viable surface of the board (eg, all of them). The two controllers housed within housings (also referred to herein as electrical (E-) boxes) 2106a and 2106b are frame 2102 within upper crosspiece 2104a (relative to the center of gravity with vector 2100 pointing towards it) 2106a and 2106b. is mounted on a part of Circuitry (eg, including timing controller, network communications (eg, router), and/or media-related circuitry) of E-box 2106a is coupled to display element 2105a via wiring 2109a do. The circuitry of the E-box 2106b is connected to the display arrangement 2105b via a wiring 2109b. Display connector 2108a extends in the same downward direction from housing 2106a. Display connector 2108b extends in the same downward direction from housing 2106b. Connectors 2108a and 2108b are arranged to point in the same downward direction. Cable 2109a is (eg, substantially) the same length from each E-box 2106a and 2106b to each display arrangement 2105a and 2105b and extends within a portion of frame 2102 . E-box 2106a is configured to connect to power supply cable 2110a (eg, via a connector). E-box 2106b is configured to connect to power supply cable 2110b (eg, via a connector). At least one power supply cable that supplies power to the E-box circuitry may connect its own power supply. At least two power supply cables for supplying power to the E-box circuitry may be connected to one power supply. 21A shows an example in which two power supply cables 2110a and 2110b are connected to the same power supply 2111 . Power supply cables 2110a and 2110b are connected (eg, substantially) in the direction in which display connectors 2108a and 2108b extend from the E-box (eg, the connectors extend to the same side of the E-box). vertically extending from each of the E-boxes. Media wiring 2112a connects from a data source (eg, a server) to circuitry housed in an E-box (eg, media circuit board) 2106b. Media wire 2112b connects to E-box 2106a and (via E-box 2106b) to cable 2112a and data source 2115 . Media cables 2112a, 2112b may connect to a media content provider server. The E-box may be operatively coupled (eg, wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, if the hard surface 2101 is a tunable window, any (eg, all) E-boxes may be connected via, for example, a media cable (eg, 2112a and/or 2112b) or It may be operatively coupled via a dedicated cable (not shown in FIG. 21A ) to at least one controller that controls the level of tint of this window.

21B shows an example of a hard surface 2121 (eg, a tinted window) mounted (eg, via a hinge and/or adhesive) within a frame 2122 . Frame 2122 includes vertical doorposts 2123a, 2123b and crossbars 2124a, 2124b (sometimes referred to as horizontal doorposts). Four display structures 2125a , 2125b , 2125c and 2125d are mounted (eg, via hinges and/or adhesives) within frame 2122 and a viewable surface (eg, tintable) of hard surface 2121 . It covers both windows, such as windows, or the viable surface of the board. The four controllers housed within housings (also referred to herein as electrical (E)-boxes) 2126a , 2126b , 2126c and 2126d are located within upper crosspiece 2124a (relative to the center of gravity with which vector 2120 points towards it). It is mounted on a part of the frame 2122 . Circuitry (eg, including timing controller, network and/or media related circuitry) of E-box 2126a is coupled to display arrangement 2125a via wiring 2129a. The circuit portion of the E-box 2126b is connected to the display structure 2125b via a wiring 2129b. Circuitry (eg, including timing controller and media related circuitry) of E-box 2126c is connected to display element 2125c via wiring 2129c. The circuit portion of the E-box 2126d is connected to the display structure 2125d via a wiring 2129d. Display connector 2128a extends in the same downward direction from housing 2126a. The display connector 2128b extends in the same downward direction from the housing 2126b. Display connector 2128c extends in the same downward direction from housing 2126c. Display connector 2128d extends in the same downward direction from housing 2126d. Connectors 2128a, 2128b, 2128c, 2128d are arranged to point in the same downward direction. Cable 2129a is (eg, substantially) the same length from each E-box 2126a , 2126b , 2126c and 2126d to each display arrangement 2125a , 2125b , 2125c and 2125d , and frame 2102 . is extended within a portion of E-box 2126a is configured to connect to power supply cable 2130a (eg, via a connector). E-box 2126b is configured to connect to power supply cable 2130b (eg, via a connector). E-box 2126c is configured to connect to power supply cable 2130c (eg, via a connector). E-box 2126d is configured to connect to power supply cable 2130d (eg, via a connector). At least one power supply cable that supplies power to the E-box circuitry may connect its own power supply. At least two or more power supply cables supplying power to the E-box circuitry may connect to one power supply. 21B shows an example in which four power supply cables 2130a , 2130b , 2130c , 2130d are connected to the same power supply 2131 . Power supply cables 2130a , 2130b , 2130c , 2130d extend from each of the E-boxes perpendicular (eg, substantially) to the direction in which the display connectors 2128a , 2128b , 2128c , 2128d extend from the E-box. . Media wiring 2132a connects from a data source (eg, a server) to circuitry housed in an E-box (eg, media circuit board) 2126d. Media wire 2132b is connected to E-box 2126c and cable 2132a (via E-box 2126d) and data source 2135 . Media wire 2132c connects to E-box 2126b and connects (via E-boxes 2126d and 2126c) to cable 2132a and data source 2135 . Media wire 2132d connects to E-box 2126a and (via E-boxes 2126d, 2126c, and 2126b) to cable 2132a and data source 2135. Media cables 2132a, 2132b, 2132c, 2132d may be connected to a media content provider server. The E-box may be operatively coupled (eg, wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, if the hard surface 2121 is a tunable window, any (eg, all) E-boxes may, for example, contain media cables (eg, 2132a, 2132b, 2132c and/or 2132d). ) or via a dedicated cable (not shown in FIG. 21B ) to at least one controller that controls the level of tint of this window.

22A shows an example of hard surfaces 2221a and 2221b (eg, tinted windows) mounted (eg, via hinges and/or adhesives) within frames 2222a and 2222b. Frames 2222a, 2222b include vertical doorposts 2223 and crossbars 2224 (sometimes referred to as horizontal doorposts). Two display structures 2225a, 2225b are mounted within frame 2222a, and two display structures 2225c, 2225d are mounted within frame 2222b and hard surfaces 2221a, 2221b (eg, a board, or Covers all viewable surfaces of a window (such as a tinted window). The four controllers housed within housings (also referred to herein as electrical (E) boxes) 2226a, 2226b, 2226c, and 2226d are located within vertical side door jambs 2223 (relative to the center of gravity with which vector 2220 points towards them). is mounted on a portion of the frames 2222a and 2222b. The circuitry of E-box 2226a (including, for example, timing controller and media related circuitry) is connected to display arrangement 2225a via wiring 2229a. The circuitry of E-box 2226b is connected to display structure 2225b via wiring 2229b. Circuitry (eg, including timing controllers, network components, and/or media related circuitry) of E-box 2226c is coupled to display arrangement 2225c via wires 2229c . The circuitry of E-box 2226d is connected to display structure 2225d via wiring 2229d. Display connectors 2228a , 2228b , 2228c , 2228d extend from their respective housings 2226a , 2226b , 2226c , 2226d in the same horizontal direction. Connectors 2228a, 2228b, 2228c, 2228d are arranged to point in the same horizontal direction. Cables 2229a , 2229b , 2229c , 2229d are (eg, substantially) the same length from each E-box 2226a , 2226b , 2226c , 2226d to each display configuration 2225a , 2225b , 2225c , 2225d and extend within portions of frames 2222a and 2222b. The E-box may be operatively coupled (eg, wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, if the hard surfaces 2221a, 2221b are one or more tunable windows, any (eg, all) of the E-boxes are operable to at least one controller that controls the tonal level of such windows. can be combined.

22B shows an example of a hard surface 2231a, 2231b (eg, a tinted window) mounted (eg, via hinges and/or adhesive) within a frame 2232a, 2232b. Frames 2232a and 2232b include vertical doorposts 2233 and crossbars 2234 (sometimes referred to as horizontal doorposts). Display structure 2235a is mounted within frame 2232a, and display structure 2235b is mounted within frame 2232b and hard surfaces 2231a, 2231b (eg, a board, or execution of a window, such as a tinted window). all viewable surfaces). The two controllers housed within housings (also referred to herein as electrical (E)-boxes) 2236a and 2236b are frame 2232a and 2232b). Circuitry (eg, including timing controllers, network components, and/or media related circuitry) of E-box 2236a is coupled to display arrangement 2235a via wiring 2239a . The circuit portion of the E-box 2236b is connected to the display structure 2235b via a wiring 2239b. Display connectors 2238a and 2238b extend in the same downward direction from their respective housings 2236a and 2236b. Connectors 2238a and 2238b are arranged to point in the same downward direction. Cables 2239a and 2239b are (eg, substantially) the same length from E-boxes 2236a and 2236b, respectively, to display structures 2235a and 2235b, respectively, and within portions of frames 2232a and 2232b. is extended The E-box may be operatively coupled (eg, wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, if the hard surfaces 2231a , 2231b are one or more tunable windows, any (eg, all) of the E-boxes are operable to at least one controller that controls the tint level of such windows. can be combined.

23 is an example of hard surfaces 2321a, 2321b, and 2321c (eg, tinted windows) mounted (eg, via hinges and/or adhesives such as 2370) within frames 2322a, 2322b, 2322c. shows Frames 2322a, 2322b, 2322c include vertical doorposts 2323 and crossbars 2324 (also referred to as horizontal doorposts). Four display structures 2325a, 2325b, 2325c, and 2325d are mounted in frame 2322a, two display structures 2325e and 2325f are mounted in frame 2322b, and two display structures 2325g and 2325h are mounted in frame 2322a. Mounted within frame 2322c and (eg, substantially ) can cover all (or just some). For example, the surface 2380 of the tinting window is not covered with the display structure. The four controllers housed within the housing (E-box) 2326a , 2326b , 2326c , 2326d are mounted to a portion of the frame 2322a within the upper doorpost 2323 (with respect to the center of gravity with the vector 2320 pointing towards it). . The circuit portion of the E-box 2326a is connected to the display structure 2325a via a wiring 2329a. The wiring may be configured to transmit data and/or power (eg, to a touchscreen). The circuitry of E-box 2326b is connected to display structure 2325b via wiring 2329b. The circuitry of E-box 2326c is connected to display structure 2325c via wiring 2329c. The circuitry of E-box 2326d is connected to display structure 2325d via wiring 2329d. Display connectors 2328a, 2328b, 2328c, and 2328d extend in the same downward direction from their respective housings 2326a, 2326b, 2326c, 2326d. Connectors 2328a, 2328b, 2328c, 2328d are arranged to point in the same downward direction. Cables 2329a , 2329b , 2329c , 2329d are (eg, substantially) the same length from each E-box 2326a , 2326b , 2326c , 2326d to each display configuration 2325a , 2325b , 2325c , 2325d and extends within a portion of frame 2322a. The E-box may be operatively coupled (eg, wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, if hard surfaces 2321a , 2321b , 2321c are one or more tunable windows, any (eg, all) E-boxes act on at least one controller to control the level of tint of these windows. can possibly be combined. The controller housed within housing 2330 is mounted to a portion of frame 2322b within upper doorpost 2323 (relative to the center of gravity with vector 2320 pointing towards it). Circuitry of controller 2330 (including, for example, timing controllers, network components, and/or media related circuitry) is coupled to display arrangement 2325e via wiring 2329e. The circuitry of the controller 2330 is connected to the display structure 2325f via wiring 2329f. Circuitry of controller 2330 (including, for example, timing controllers, network components, and/or media related circuitry) is coupled to display arrangement 2325g via wiring 2329g. The circuitry of the controller 2330 is connected to the display structure 2325h via a wiring 2329h. Cables 2329e, 2329f, 2329g, 2329h are (eg, substantially) the same length from controller 2330 to respective display structures 2325e, 2325f, 2325g, and 2325h, and are portions of frames 2322b and 2322c. extended within Controller 2330 may be operatively coupled (eg, wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, where hard surfaces 2321a , 2321b , 2321c are one or more tunable windows, any (eg, all) controller is operatively coupled to at least one controller that controls the tonal level of such windows. can be

24 shows an example of hard surfaces 2421a, 2421b, and 2421c (eg, tinted windows) mounted (eg, via hinges and/or adhesives) within frames 2422a, 2422b, 2422c. . Frames 2422a, 2422b, 2422c include vertical doorposts 2423 and crossbars 2424 (sometimes referred to as horizontal doorposts). Four display arrangements 2425a, 2425b, 2425c and 2425d are mounted in frame 2422a, two display arrangements 2425e and 2425f are mounted in frame 2422b, and two display arrangements 2425g and 2425h are Mounted within frame 2422c and (eg, substantially ) can cover all (or just some). The four controllers housed within housings (also referred to herein as electrical (E)-boxes) 2426a , 2426b , 2426c and 2426d are located within upper door jamb 2423 (relative to the center of gravity with vector 2420 pointing towards it). It is mounted on a part of the frame 2422a. Circuitry (eg, including timing controllers, network components, and/or media related circuitry) of E-box 2426a is coupled to display arrangement 2425a via wiring 2429a. The circuitry of E-box 2426b is connected to display arrangement 2425b via wiring 2429b. Circuitry (eg, including timing controllers, network components, and/or media related circuitry) of E-box 2426c is coupled to display arrangement 2425c via wiring 2429c. The circuitry of E-box 2426d is connected to display arrangement 2425d via wiring 2429d. Cables 2429a , 2429b , 2429c , 2429d are (eg, substantially) the same length from each E-box 2426a , 2426b , 2426c , 2426d to each display configuration 2425a , 2425b , 2425c , 2425d and extends within a portion of frame 2422a. The E-box may be operatively coupled (eg, wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, if hard surfaces 2421a, 2421b, and 2421c are one or more tunable windows, any (eg, all) E-boxes act on at least one controller to control the level of tint of these windows. can possibly be combined. A controller housed within housing 2430 is mounted to a portion of frame 2422b within upper doorpost 2423 (with respect to center of gravity with vector 2420 pointing towards it). Circuitry of controller 2430 (including, for example, timing controllers, network components, and/or media related circuitry) is coupled to display arrangement 2425e via wiring 2429e. The circuitry of controller 2430 is connected to display arrangement 2425f via wiring 2429f. Circuitry of controller 2430 (including, for example, timing controllers, network components, and/or media related circuitry) is coupled to display arrangement 2425g via wiring 2429g. The circuitry of the controller 2430 is connected to the display structure 2425h via wiring 2429h. Cables 2429e, 2429f, 2429g, and 2429h are of (eg, substantially) the same length from controller 2430 to respective display structures 2425e, 2425f, 2425g, and 2425h, and of frames 2422b and 2422c. extends within the part. Controller 2430 may be operatively coupled (eg, wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, where hard surfaces 2421a , 2421b , 2421c are one or more tunable windows, any (eg, all) controller is operatively coupled to at least one controller that controls the tonal level of such windows. can be

25 shows an example of hard surfaces 2521a, 2521b, and 2521c (eg, tinted windows) mounted (eg, via hinges and/or adhesives) within frames 2522a, 2522b, 2522c. . Frames 2522a, 2522b, 2522c include vertical doorposts 2523 and crossbars 2524 (sometimes referred to as horizontal doorposts). Four display arrangements 2525a, 2525b, 2525c and 2525d are mounted in frame 2522a, two display arrangements 2525e and 2525f are mounted in frame 2522b, and two display arrangements 2525g and 2525h are (e.g., substantially the ) can cover all (or just some). The four controllers housed within housings (also referred to herein as electrical (E)-boxes) 2526a , 2526b , 2526c , 2526d are located within the upper door jamb 2523 (relative to the center of gravity with which the vector 2520 points towards it). It is mounted on a part of the frame 2522a. Circuitry of E-box 2526a (including, for example, timing controllers, network components, and/or media related circuitry) is coupled to display arrangement 2525a via wiring 2529a. The circuitry of E-box 2526b is connected to display structure 2525b via wiring 2529b. Circuitry of E-box 2526c (including, for example, timing controllers, network components, and/or media related circuitry) is coupled to display arrangement 2525c via wiring 2529c. The circuit portion of the E-box 2526d is connected to the display structure 2525d via a wiring 2529d. Cables 2529a , 2529b , 2529c , 2529d are (eg, substantially) the same length from each E-box 2526a , 2526b , 2526c , 2526d to each display configuration 2525a , 2525b , 2525c , 2525d and extends within a portion of the frame 2522a. The E-box may be operatively coupled (eg, wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, if hard surfaces 2521a , 2521b , 2521c are one or more tunable windows, any (eg, all) E-boxes act on at least one controller to control the tint levels of these windows. can possibly be combined. The controller housed within housing 2530 is mounted to a portion of frame 2522b within upper doorpost 2523 (with respect to center of gravity with vector 2520 pointing towards it). Circuitry of controller 2530 (eg, including timing controllers, network components, and/or media related circuitry) is coupled to display arrangement 2525e via wiring 2529e. The circuitry of the controller 2530 is connected to the display structure 2525f via wiring 2529f. Circuitry of controller 2530 (including, for example, timing controllers, network components, and/or media related circuitry) is coupled to display element 2525g via wiring 2529g. The circuitry of the controller 2530 is connected to the display structure 2525h via a wiring 2529h. Cables 2529e, 2529f, 2529g, and 2529h are of (eg, substantially) the same length from controller 2530 to respective display structures 2525e, 2525f, 2525g, and 2525h, and of frames 2522b and 2522c. extends within the part. Controller 2530 may be operatively coupled (eg, wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, where hard surfaces 2521a , 2521b , 2521c are one or more tunable windows, any (eg, all) controller is operatively coupled to at least one controller that controls the tonal level of such windows. can be

In some embodiments, one or more controllers of the housing ((E)-box) provide functionality to one or more display elements. The E-box may have a cover bracket that can be secured to the mounting bracket. The cover bracket and mounting bracket may be mounted within a portion of the window frame and/or to other structures. E box can have length, width and height. E-boxes can be up to 15 inches ("), 14", 13", 12", 11" or 10" in length. The length of the E-box can be any value between the values described above (eg, between about 15" and 10", eg, about 12.5"). The width of the E-box can be up to 5 inches ( "), 4", 3.5", 3", 2.5", 2" or 1.5". The width of the E-box can have any value between the values described above (eg, between about 5" and 1.5", eg, about 3.75"). The height of the E-box can be up to 3", 2.5 ", 2", 1.5" or 1". The height of the E-box can have any value between the values described above (eg, between about 3" and 1", eg 1.75"). The E-box can have either or both a cover bracket and a mounting bracket. It may include an analog-to-digital converter circuit board that can be mounted on any circuit board, which has terminals for connecting to a power supply (eg AC or DC power source) via a cable that provides power to the E-box. and the circuit board may include at least one data input connector(s) (eg, DisplayPort, HDMI, Ethernet, or other type of connector for data transmission), which may be connected to an associated display structure. capable of receiving data for display and including at least one E-box connector(s) (eg, DisplayPort, HDMI, Ethernet or other type of connector for data transmission), which may include another E-box connector(s) may transmit data to the box.E-box may include a controller board operatively coupled to a circuit board.The controller board may include a timing controller, a network component and/or media related circuitry. A timing controller may be used for precise adjustment of timing to change various positions (eg, LEDs) on the display element.The controller board may include a connector that connects to a cabling that can connect to the display element. The cabling may transmit data between the E-box and the display arrangement. A connector from the E-box to the display arrangement (eg, transmitting power and/or data) extends from the E-box in the same direction. or extend in different directions from the E-box.For example, all power connectors from the E-box to the display arrangement may extend in the same direction and extend the E-box and/or the PCB disposed therein. It may come from the same side, for example all communication connectors from the E-box to the display arrangement may extend in the same direction. and from the same side of the E-box and/or the PCB disposed therein. The power connector that supplies power from the PCB of the E-box to the display assembly may be on the same side of the PCB as the data connector from the PCB of the E-box to the display assembly (eg in the same orientation, eg the display assembly). towards and away from the E-box). The connector of data and/or power between the E-box and the display element is connected to the E-box on a first side angled (perpendicular) to a second side of the E-box on which there is a connector for the incoming power supply cable. may exist. The connector of data and/or power between the E-box and the display element is positioned on a first side angled (perpendicular) to a third side of the E-box on which there is a connector for incoming data and/or media communication cables. It may be present in the E-box. Connectors for (i) an incoming power supply, (ii) incoming data (eg, media) communication, and (iii) power and/or data to the display element may be, or may be, on one PCB; It may not exist in it. The E-box may be operatively coupled (eg, wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to the facility or at least one controller that controls any controllable device within the facility. The E-box may have a unique network identifier (ID) for communicating with at least one controller controlling the facility, for example.

In some embodiments, a plurality of cabling extends from the E-box to the display arrangement. The cabling is connected to the circuitry of the E-box via connectors. The circuitry may be on one or more printed circuit boards (PCBs). The cabling may be a connector to a circuit board through a connector. The connector may connect a plurality of wires bundled with a cable. The number of connectors may be at least 2, 4, 6 or 8. The number of connectors may be even. Cabling may be the same and have different functions. Functions may include data transmission and/or electrical (eg, power) transmission. For example, a connector may connect cabling that transmits data from a PCB to a display arrangement. For example, a connector may connect cabling that transmits electricity from a PCB to a display element. The connector may form two groups of connectors. Members of a connector group may be the same or different. For example, the connector group may include a data connector and a power connector. Each arrangement of connector types in a connector group may follow mirror symmetry, inversion symmetry, and/or rotational (eg, C ₂ ) symmetry. Mirrors, axes of rotation and/or inversion points for applicable symmetrical action may be placed between the two connector groups.

26 shows an exploded view of an example of a controller in a housing (E-box) 2602 . E-box 2602 has a cover bracket 2603 secured to a mounting bracket 2604 . The cover bracket 2603 has a plurality of slits 2620 (eg, for ventilation and/or heat exchange). Cover bracket 2602 and mounting bracket 2604 may be mounted within a portion of a window frame (not shown in this figure) or to other structures (eg, fixtures). E-box 2602 includes an analog-to-digital converter circuit board 2605 that can be mounted to one or both of a cover bracket 2603 and a mounting bracket 2604 . The circuit board 2605 includes a terminal 2606 for connection to a (eg, AC) power supply cable that provides power to the E-box 2602 , at least capable of receiving data for display on an associated display arrangement. at least one E-box capable of sending data to one data input connector(s) (eg, DisplayPort, HDMI, Ethernet or other type of connector for data transmission) 2607 and another E-box connector(s) (eg, DisplayPort, HDMI, Ethernet, or other type of connector for data transmission) 2608 . E-box 2602 includes a controller board 2610 operatively coupled with circuit board 2605 . The controller board 2610 may include a timing controller and/or media related circuitry. A timing controller may be used for (eg, precise) adjustment of the timing of changing various positions (eg, LEDs) of the display element. Circuit board (eg, controller board) 2610 includes connectors (eg, 2611 ) that connect to cabling 2612a - f that connect to the display arrangement. Cabling 2612a - f may transmit data and/or power between E-box 2602 and the display arrangement. For example, some of the cabling 2612a - f may transmit data and some of the cabling may transmit power. For example, the two outermost cabling 2612c, 2612f may transmit power, and the four inner cabling 2612e, 2612d, 2612a, 2612b may transmit data. For example, the two innermost cabling 2612d, 2612a may transmit power, and the four outer cabling 2612e, 2612f, 2612c, 2612b may transmit data. For example, two intermediate cabling 26123, 2612b may transmit power, and the other four cabling 2612d, 2612f, 2612c, 2612a may transmit data. Two of cabling 2612a-f may carry power and four of cabling 2612a-f may transmit data. The connectors may extend in the same direction from the E-box or may extend in different directions from the E-box. In the example shown in FIG. 26 , connector 2611 extends in the same direction from E-box 2602 . The connector may extend from the E-box at a right angle to the direction in which the (eg AC) power supply cable extends or may extend at any other angle in the direction in which the power supply cable extends. The E-box may be operatively coupled (eg, wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to the facility or at least one controller that controls any controllable device within the facility. The E-box may have a unique network ID for communicating with at least one controller controlling the facility.

27A and 27B show various views of the assembled E-box 2702 shown in FIG. 26 in exploded views. E-box 2702 has a cover bracket 2703 secured to a mounting bracket 2704 . Cover bracket 2702 and mounting bracket 2704 may be mounted within a portion of a window frame (not shown in this figure) or other structures. E-box 2702 can have dimensions (eg, as disclosed herein) that fit within a structure (eg, length 2730 , width 2731 , and thickness 2732 ). The structure may be any structure disclosed in this application. E-box 2702 includes a (eg, analog-to-digital converter) circuit board 2705 that can be mounted to one or both of cover bracket 2703 and mounting bracket 2704 . The circuit board 2705 is configured to receive data for display on a terminal 2706 , an associated display arrangement, for connection to a (eg, AC) power supply cable 2715 that provides power to the E-box 2702 . at least one data input connector(s) (eg, DisplayPort, HDMI, Ethernet, or other type of connector for data transmission) 2707 and a cable 2716 to, for example, another E-box or network ) at least one E-box connector(s) (eg, DisplayPort, HDMI, Ethernet, or other type of connector for data transmission) 2708 ). E-box 2702 includes a controller board 2710 operatively coupled with circuit board 2705 . The controller board 2710 may include a timing controller and media related circuitry. A timing controller may be used for precise adjustment of the timing of changing various positions (eg, LEDs) in the display arrangement. The controller board 2710 includes a connector 2711 that connects to a cabling 2712 that connects to the display arrangement. Cabling 2712 may transmit data and/or power between E-box 2702 and the display arrangement. Connector 2711 extends in the same direction from E-box 2702 .

32 shows an example of an exploded view of E-box 3202 . E-box 3202 has a cover bracket 3203 secured to a mounting bracket 3204 . Cover bracket 3202 and mounting bracket 3204 may be mounted within a portion of a structure such as a fixture, eg, a window frame (not shown in this figure). E-box 3202 can have dimensions consistent with mounting E-box 3202 to a portion of a structure (eg, as disclosed herein) or other dimensions that are larger or smaller than these dimensions can have E-box 3202 includes a circuit board 3205 (eg, analog-to-digital converter) that can be mounted to one or both of a cover bracket 3203 and a mounting bracket 3204 . The circuit board 3205 has one or more terminal(s) for connecting to (eg, AC) power supply cable(s) that provide power to the E-box 3202 (eg, via a coaxial cable). 3206, at least one data input connector(s) capable of receiving data for display on an associated display arrangement (eg, a DisplayPort, HDMI, Ethernet, and/or other type of connector for data transmission); 3207) and at least one E-box connector capable of transmitting data to another E-box and/or network (eg, DisplayPort, HDMI, Ethernet and/or other type of connector for data transmission) 3208 ) may be included. E-box 3202 includes a circuit board 3210 that operatively couples (eg, a controller) with circuit board 3205 . Circuit board 3210 may include timing controllers, network components, and/or media related circuitry. A timing controller may be used for precise adjustment of the timing of changing various positions (eg, LEDs) in the display arrangement. Circuit board 3210 includes connectors 3211a - f that connect to cabling (eg, 3212 ), which in turn connect to the display arrangement. Cabling 3212 may transmit data and/or power between E-box 3202 and the display arrangement. E-box 3202 may be operatively coupled (eg, wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device of the facilities. E-box 3202 may have a unique network ID for communicating with at least one controller controlling the facility.

33A-33D show various views of an E-box. E-box 3302 has a cover bracket 3303 secured to a mounting bracket 3304 . Cover bracket 3303 and mounting bracket 3304 may be mounted within a structure or part of structures (eg, a fixture such as a window frame (not shown in this figure)). E-box 3302 may have dimensions for mounting within a structure (eg, having length 3330 , width 3331 , and thickness 3332 ), such as any of the dimensions disclosed herein. can E-box 3302 includes a first circuit board (eg, analog-to-digital converter) that can be mounted to one or both of cover bracket 3303 and mounting bracket 3304 . The first circuit board has one or more terminal(s) for connecting to a (eg, AC) power supply cable (eg, including a coaxial cable or twisted pair) that provides power to the E-box 3302 ( 3306); one or more data input connector(s) capable of receiving data (eg, DisplayPort, HDMI, Ethernet, and/or other types of connectors for data transmission) 3307 for display on an associated display arrangement; one or more E-box connector(s) capable of transmitting to other E-boxes (eg, DisplayPort, HDMI, Ethernet and/or other types of connectors for data transmission) 3308 . E-box 3302 includes a second (eg, controller) circuit board 3305 operatively coupled with the first circuit board. In some embodiments, the first circuit board and the second circuit board are one circuit board (eg, on the same side or different sides of the circuit board). In some embodiments, the first circuit board and the second circuit board are separate circuit boards, which facilitate heat exchange and/or shielding (eg, electronic and/or electromagnetic (eg, radiofrequency) shielding). separated by the distance they allow. The heat exchanger and/or shield may comprise elemental metals or metal alloys. A heat exchanger may exchange heat passively and/or actively. The heat exchanger may include heat pipes, slabs or meshes. The heat exchanger may include a heat sink. The second circuit board 3305 may include a timing controller, network components, and/or media related circuitry. A timing controller may be used for precise adjustment of the timing of changing various positions (eg, LEDs) in the display arrangement. In the example shown in FIGS. 33A-33D , the second circuit board includes one or more connector(s) 3311 connected to cabling 3312 , which in turn connect to the display arrangement. The cabling 3312 may transmit data and/or power between the E-box 3302 and the display arrangement. There may be additional cabling connecting the E-box with a display arrangement (not shown). E-box 3302 may be operatively coupled (eg, wirelessly and/or wired) to a network that is coupled to the facility or at least one controller that controls any controllable device within the facility. E-box 3302 may have a unique network ID for communicating with at least one controller controlling the facility.

34A-34E show examples of various aspects of a circuit board 3405 that may be mounted within an E-box. The circuit board 3405 includes one or more terminal(s) 3406 for connection to (eg, AC) power supply cable(s) that provide power to the circuit board 3405 , for display on an associated display arrangement. At least one data input connector(s) capable of receiving data (eg, DisplayPort, HDMI, Ethernet and/or other types of connectors for data transmission) 3407 and sending data to another E-box at least one E-box connector(s) capable of (eg, DisplayPort, HDMI, Ethernet, and/or other type of connector for data transmission) 3408 . The circuit board 3405 may be operatively engaged with a controller board that may include a timing controller and media related circuitry, and a connector that connects to cabling that is connected to the display arrangement.

In some embodiments, certain devices, non-transitory computer readable media, and/or methods described herein include techniques for passing a gas (eg, air) over at least one light of a tunable window. A tinted window may comprise an insulated glass unit, for example a tinted electrochromic coated light from an IGU. The passage of a gas (eg, air) removes heat and/or a light, eg, any optically switchable device (eg, a display arrangement) on the light's substrate and/or other component (eg, a display arrangement). For example, to reduce the thermal load on the electrochromic coating). Passing a gas (eg air) may be to remove heat, for example through convection. Heat may be removed through conduction and/or radiation. In some embodiments, gas heated by and/or through the IGU light may be passed through, such as by pumping, propulsion, and/or suction. The flow of gas may be in the facility's internal environment and/or outside the facility (eg, a building) with IGU lights. For example, heated gas can be used to warm the interior of the facility. In some embodiments, the heated gas may be used to drive a turbine to generate electricity. The electricity thus generated may be stored in a battery of the forced ventilation window assembly.

In some embodiments, a forced gas tincture (eg, electrochromic) window may include two or more ventilation modules in communication with the interior space between the electrochromic light and the third light of the IGU subassembly. In some cases, one or more of these ventilation modules include one or more air movement devices, such as one or more fans, for actively moving gas (eg, air) through the interior space between the electrochromic light and the third light. may include In one case, the one or more air movement devices (eg, fans) may include one of a blade fan, a bladeless fan, or an air pump. In some cases, the one or more air movement devices outside and from the forced air tintable window may be configured to supply air to or output air from the one or more ventilation modules. In certain embodiments, the exhausted air may be used to generate electricity by rotating a turbine coupled to a generator. The generated electricity may be stored in a battery, for example one of the ventilation modules. An example of a forced ventilation tincture window, its use and control can be found in PCT/US15/14453 (WO 2015/120045A1), entitled "Forced Air Smart Windows", filed on February 4, 2015, which The entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference.

28 shows an example of a display arrangement 2801 coupled to a fastener 2802 , which is framed by a sensor and emitter panel (eg, 2803 ). The display arrangement is coupled (eg, via wiring and/or cabling not shown in FIG. 28 ) to an E-box 2811 and a power source 2810 . The E-box and power source may be disposed adjacent to the display arrangement, or further away (eg, within a fixture cavity, such as within a window frame or within a wall cavity), for example, as disposed herein. there is. The fastener 2802 includes a hinge having a first leaf 2821 comprising a bracket, and a second leaf 2822 joined by a knuckle and pintle arrangement. The fastener 2802 includes a gas guide 2823 (partial view shown) that facilitates the directional flow of gas through a set of fans 2805 coupled to respective apertures of the leaf portion 2821 ( A partial view is shown). The gas induction component is configured to attach a circuit board 2830 having a connector 2831 that connects the circuit board to a display arrangement 2801 . The circuit board may include a controller and/or driver board.

In some embodiments, the display arrangement includes touchscreen functionality. In some embodiments, a plurality of display elements may be arranged adjacent to each other (eg, to form a display wall, such as a video wall). The display elements may be arranged in a matrix (also referred to herein as a group or set of display elements). There may be a gap between two immediately adjacent display elements. There are no other display elements between immediately adjacent display elements. The gap may be shielded or unshielded. Gap shields may include flexible fillers such as transparent polymers and/or resins. The flexible filler may include a carbon-based or silicone-based polymer or resin. Fillers may include optical grade materials. Fillers may be polymerized and/or cured by mixing at least two components. At least one of the at least two components and/or fillers is at least about 400 mPa*s (millipascals second), 1000 mPa*s, 2000 mPa*s, 3000 mPa*s, 5000 mPa*s, 6000 mPa*s, 7000 mPa *s, 8000 mPa*s, 9000 mPa*s, 10000 mPa*s, 25000 mPa*s, or 50000 mPa*s. The density of the filler may be at least about 0.9 g/cm ³ (grams per centimeter cubed), 0.95 g/cm ³ , 0.97 g/cm ³ , 0.98 g/cm ³ , or 0.99 g/cm ³ . The filler may have low shrinkage after curing (eg, up to about 0.2%, 0.1%, or 0.5% volume shrinkage per volume after curing compared to before curing). The filler may have a dielectric constant of up to about 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, or 2.9. The filler may have a dielectric constant (eg, 2.5 to 2.9, or 2.7 to 2.8) between any of the dielectric constants described above. The filler may be optically clear (eg, to an average human). Fillers must be at least 2 kg Kgf/cm ² (Kilogram force per centimeter squared), 2.2 Kgf/cm ² , 2.5 Kgf/cm ² ,3 Kgf/cm ² , 3.5 Kgf/cm ² , 4.0 Kgf/cm ² , 4.5 Kgf/cm ² , 5.0 Kgf/cm ² 5.5 Kgf/cm ² , or 6 Kgf/cm ² may have a pulls strength. The filler may have a transmittance of at least about 98%, 98.5, 99%, 99.2%, 99.4%, or 99.5% of light (eg, visible light). The filler can have an index of refraction of up to about 1.9, 1.7, 1.6, 1.5, 1.4, or 1.3, for example, at 25°C, 23°C, or 20°C. For example, the filler can be a Wacker Lumisil ^® (WL) filler (eg, WL 100, 200 or 300 series). The flexible filler may be configured to allow expansion and/or contraction of the display (eg, due to temperature changes). The flexible filler may be configured to bind immediately adjacent displays to each other and/or to the structure. The structure may be a tinted window, board or wall. A mounting bracket and/or hinge may be secured to the display structure and may be mounted to the structure. The structure may include a frame or wall portion. The structure may include a fixture. The frame may include vertical doorposts and horizontal doorposts (crossbars). Fixtures (eg, frames) are mounted (eg, by bonding, fastening, and/or other means of attachment) to various surfaces (eg, walls, boards, glass and/or other mounting locations inside the facility). can be In some embodiments, the display structure may be attached directly to a structure (eg, a tint window). Direct attachment may use polymers and/or resins. Direct attachment may use bonding. Bonding may utilize adhesive polymers and/or resins (eg, as disclosed herein). The bonding material may have a state that is more malleable than other (eg, rigid) states. The rigid state may be typical at ambient conditions. A malleable state may exist at certain controllable conditions other than ambient conditions. The change between the malleable and rigid states may be triggered by an external stimulus (eg, heat, magnetic field, electric field, and/or chemical stimulus). For example, fillers (eg, adhesive polymers and/or resins) may be sensitive to heat. For example, the filler may be more malleable in non-ambient conditions (e.g., in a heated environment), e.g., from its support structure (e.g., for maintenance or exchange) ( ) to facilitate the separation of Partitions between the display elements and/or touchscreens of the set may be masked, for example, due to the proximity of the display elements and the lack of emitter-sensor panels between two immediately adjacent display elements. The flexible filler may be disposed between two immediately adjacent display elements.

In some embodiments, the display structure may be fastened to a side bracket. The side brackets may be fastened to a structure (eg, a frame portion or a fixture such as a wall). The side brackets may be secured to the display arrangement (eg, via adhesive and/or screws). The side brackets are operatively coupled to at least one pair (eg, two pairs) of the emitter panel and the sensor panel. The first sensor and emitter panel pair may be disposed orthogonal to the second sensor and emitter panel pair. The two orthogonal sensor and emitter panel pairs may facilitate operation of the at least one touchscreen.

In some embodiments, the plurality of display elements are arranged to form a display element wall. The display element wall may or may not include touchscreen capability. For example, at least one (eg, all) display elements of a display element wall may have touchscreen capabilities. The touchscreen may be facilitated by at least one pair of sensor and emitter panels. A touchscreen may include two orthogonal pairs of sensors and emitters, which are arranged orthogonally (eg, as disclosed herein), for example. The distance between the emitter panel and its sensor panel may span one or more display elements. The display elements may be arranged in a matrix arrangement (eg, forming a set of display elements in a 2x2 display arrangement). In some embodiments, at least one (eg, each) display arrangement of the set includes its dedicated touchscreen having at least one (eg, two sets) of sensor and emitter panels. In some embodiments, at least two display elements in the set include their dedicated touchscreen having at least one set (eg, two sets) of sensor and emitter panels. The emitter signal in the emitter panel travels until it reaches the sensor in the sensor panel. If the signal does not reach the sensor, then the touchscreen controller can interpret this disturbance as a touch of the touchscreen. Accordingly, the path between the emitter and the sensor must not be unintentionally obstructed.

In some embodiments, a display arrangement and/or set of display elements is (eg, substantially) planar. Tolerances for flatness variations of the display arrangement are limited (eg, to facilitate operation of a sensor-emitter panel disposed adjacent the display arrangement). Tolerances for top view variations between display elements within a set may be limited (eg, to facilitate operation of a sensor-emitter panel disposed adjacent a set of display elements). Changes in floor plan may be more stringent on the side towards the viewer than on the side away from the viewer. The change from the plan view may be more stringent towards the side of the display arrangement on which the touchscreen is disposed (eg, on which the sensor and emitter panels are disposed). For example, the display arrangement may be convex towards the viewer and/or the touchscreen with a deviation of less than or equal to a predetermined distance. The display arrangement may be convex beyond a predetermined distance on the side away from the viewer and/or the touchscreen. The touchscreen may be configured to show the display data as if it were a single display arrangement (eg, one media each split between the displays in the set of displays such that each display in the set displays a portion of the screen image). . A user may use a selector (eg, a cursor and/or a touchscreen) to control a plurality of display elements as if the set of display elements were a single display. Tolerances may allow for flatness variations of any display arrangement disposed between sensor-emitter panels by up to about 100 micrometers (micrometers), 300 micrometers, 500 micrometers, 700 micrometers, or 900 micrometers. The flatness deviation limit may be in the direction towards the sensor-emitter panel. The display arrangement may be (eg, slightly) concave, convex, or wavy display (eg, within the tolerances stated herein). The gap between two immediately adjacent displays may be up to about 0.1 inches ("), 0.2", 0.3", 0.4" or 0.5". The gap may be any value between the values described above (eg, about 0.1"). to about 0.5"). A set of display structures may have a glass panel common to a plurality of displays (eg, TOLEDS). The display constructions may each have a glass supporting a display (eg, TOLEDS). You can have panels.

29A-29D show examples of various display configurations that include touchscreen functionality. 29A shows four displays (e.g., 2905) sandwiched between a front glass 2904 common to the four displays (which may be tempered) and four back glass panels (e.g., 2905) each individually supporting the display. , OLED) 2903a, 2903b, 2903c and 2903d. The displays together form a set of display elements. The four displays of FIGS. 29A and 29B are arranged in a 2x2 matrix (also referred to herein as a group or set) with a gap (eg, 2915 ) between two immediately adjacent displays. Gap 2915 is a transparent polymer and/or disposed between the displays (eg, to allow for expansion and contraction of the display due to temperature and/or to bond the display construction and/or glass panels together). or by a flexible filler such as resin). The sensor-emitter panel 2918 is secured to the display arrangement 2902 and mounted to the frame cap 2919 . The display arrangement is hinged (not shown) to a structure that is a window frame 2906 with vertical doorposts 2907 and horizontal doorposts 2908 (runpieces). Frame 2906 may be mounted (eg, bonded) to a variety of surfaces (eg, walls, boards, glass or other mounting locations inside a facility). The bond may consist of an adhesive polymer and/or resin, which may or may not have a more malleable state than other (eg, rigid) states, which may or may not be typical at ambient conditions. 29A shows an example of a side frame cap 2910 configured to secure a sensor-emitter panel to a side 2920 of a display structure 2902 of a set of display structures, the sensor and emitter panel being configured to operate as a touchscreen. Display sets 2903a - 2903d have two sets of sensor-emitter panels perpendicular to each other, which sensor-emitter panels bound a set of display constructs (rather than bounding each display). The tolerance for the height difference between the displays 2903a - 2903d in the display arrangement 2902 may be limited (eg, none of the displays from the sensor-emitter panel towards the viewer (eg, in this application) cannot protrude beyond the maximum tolerance threshold (as disclosed), thus, the signal from the emitter will be able to arrive undisturbed to the sensor on the opposite side of the set of display constructs (e.g., the display in the set is Deviations beyond the tolerance threshold may not be convex towards the viewer, but may be concave beyond the tolerance threshold on the side away from the viewer).

In some embodiments, the fastener is configured to couple the display arrangement to the support structure. The display arrangement may or may not be equipped with touchscreen capability. The support structure may be a fixture. For example, the support structure may be a frame portion of a window (eg, a tinted window). The structure may be any structure disclosed herein (eg, a wall, arch, door frame, or any other structural frame). In some embodiments, the fastener includes a hinge configured to allow rotation (eg, of a coupled display arrangement) about its axis. The fastener may include a movable joint (eg, a hinge). The fastener may allow swing of at least one of its portions about an axis. The fastener may include a mechanical bearing connecting the two solid objects. At least one of the solid objects may swing about an axis (eg, a pin, pintle, or rod, eg, a cylindrical rod). The swing motion may be a limited angle of rotation between two solid parts (eg, hinge leaves). The angle can be up to about 270 degrees ( ^o ), 180 ^o , 90 ^o , 60 ^o , 45 ^o , or 30 ^o . The angle may facilitate reaching any circuitry and/or (eg, electrical) connection coupled to the fastener. The angle may facilitate attachment and/or detachment of the display arrangement from the fastener. The angle may facilitate attachment and/or detachment of the fastener to the support structure. Fasteners include barrel hinges, butt hinges, mortise hinges, hidden hinges (e.g. cup hinges or euro hinges), continuous hinges (e.g. piano hinges), flag hinges, H-hinges, HL hinges, pivot hinges ( double acting hinges), self-closing hinges, spring hinges, or living hinges (eg, no knuckles or pins). The rotation can be a hinge leaf (eg, anything attached to a hinge leaf). The hinge axis may be the same material as the fastener body (eg, a hinge leaf) or a different material. For example, the hinge axis may be a harder material as compared to the hinge body (eg, hinge leaf). The hinge shaft and/or leaf may include a metal (eg, include an elemental metal or metal alloy). A fastener may include knuckles and/or shafts (eg, pins). The leaf may extend from a set of knuckles having a hinge axis. For example, a fastener may include two sets of knuckles and/or two pins. The knuckle may be part of the leaf of the fastener (eg, an integral part of the leaf formed from the same piece of material). Any portion of the hinge may include a composite material (eg, including carbon fibers). The hinge may comprise a ceramic material. The hinge may be formed of a thermally conductive material such as a metal (eg, copper and/or aluminum). The metal may include elemental metals or metal alloys. The hinge shaft (eg, pintle) may be made of a durable material. The durable material may include stainless steel, titanium, flat steel, iron, Inconel, Hastelloy, Waspaloy, Renee alloy, Incoloy, MP98T, TMS alloy or CMSX single crystal alloy. The durable material may include a superalloy (eg, a high performance alloy). The hinge (eg, any of its components, such as its shaft (eg, pintle)) may include a durable material (eg, a superalloy). The knuckle of the hinge may have a hollow cylindrical cavity (eg, having a circular cross-section). The cavity may form a joint of the hinge through which the hinge axis is set. The knuckle of each leaf may be alternated and interlocked with an axis (eg, a pintle) passing through the knuckle. The knuckle may form a closed cylindrical cavity. The knuckle may form an open cavity. 37 shows an example of a hinge leaf 3721 having a knuckle (eg, 3781 ) defining an open cavity configured to receive a hinge shaft 3720 . The open cavity of the knuckle facilitates attachment and/or detachment of its leaf (eg, 3721 ) from the shaft. In the example of a knuckle having an open cavity, the knuckle (i) knuckle away from the pintle in a direction perpendicular to the pintle extending along the pintle axis (eg, opposite to the knuckle cavity opening (eg, 3782)). can be separated from the pintle by moving and/or (ii) moving it along its axis to extract the pintle. 36 shows an example of a knuckle 3682 having a closed cylindrical cavity through which a shaft (eg, pintle) 3620 traverses. In the example of a closed knuckle, the pintle may (i) be capable of moving in a circular motion along and about its axis (eg, 3683 ). In a closed knuckle scenario, the knuckle can be separated from the pintle by moving it along its axis (eg 3683 ) to extract the pintle.

In some embodiments, the plane of the hinge leaf face is (eg, substantially) planar. In some embodiments, the plane of the hinge leaf face is free of curvature (eg, concave, convex, or wavy). 40 shows an example perspective view of a hinge leaf 4021 having a planar hinge leaf face surface 4021a. 41 shows an example (partial view shown) of a hinge leaf 4122 having a planar hinge leaf face surface 4122a.

In some embodiments the fasteners are configured to receive various components. A fastener (eg, including a hinge) may be configured to receive one or more circuit boards. For example, the fastener may be configured to receive a circuit board that includes a driver board and/or booster for a display configured to connect. For example, the fastener may be configured to receive a circuit board (eg, sensor and emitter panel) with touchscreen functionality. A fastener may be configured to allow for easy installation, removal, and/or maintenance (eg, as disclosed herein). Ease may mean low labor costs, low labor grades (eg, low labor qualifications) and/or short working hours. At least one of the hinge leaves may include an opening through which at least a portion of a circuitry (eg, a PCB) is visible and/or accessible. At least one of the hinge leaves may be configured to facilitate viewing, access and/or manipulation of the at least one connector. For example, at least some of the connectors of the circuitry (or coupled to the circuitry) may be visible, accessible, and/or operable through the opening. For example, at least some of the connectors between the circuitry and the display arrangement are visible and/or accessible through the opening. The opening may facilitate removal of the cable(s) coupled to the connector. The opening may facilitate attachment and detachment of cables, for example, for maintenance, replacement, and/or removal (eg, of cabling, circuitry, and/or display components). The fasteners may be snap-coupled and/or screwed into the structure. The circuit board may be snap-coupled to the fastener, attached to the fastener (eg, using an adhesive), or snap-coupled to the fastener. Occasionally, replacement of the display structure may be necessary prior to replacing any portion of the support structure (eg, and/or tinting glass) to which the display structure is coupled. The fastener may or may not have a magnetic component. The fastener may be coupled to the support structure. The fastener may or may not be attached to the window. The fastener may or may not be bolted to the window (eg, using a through hole in the window). In some embodiments, the fasteners are not directly coupled to the window (eg, using any through-holes in the window and/or using an adhesive). In some embodiments, the display structure is not directly coupled to the window (eg, using any through-holes in the window and/or using an adhesive).

35 shows an illustrative view of a fastener 3502 coupled to a display arrangement 3501 bounded by a sensor-emitter panel received in a protective frame such as 3503 to facilitate touchscreen capability. The fastener 3502 has an opening 3504 through which a portion of the circuit board 3530 can be seen. The circuit board may incorporate a booster and/or driver board coupled with a display emitter (eg, LED). The circuit board 3530 includes six connectors 3509 . The connector may facilitate the transmission of data (including media and/or control-related data) and/or power from a power source and/or E-box (creating a circuit board (eg, timing controller)) to the display element. there is. The fastener may include a hinge shaft 3520 coupled to hinge leaves 3521 , 3522 . The first hinge leaf 3521 includes a bracket configured to attach to a structure (eg, a frame portion). The second hinge leaf 3522 includes an opening 3504 for circuitry and/or connectors. Any hinge leaf may be formed from a single piece of material (eg, a single slab) or may be formed from parts attached together to form a single piece. Attaching may include sewing, welding, interlocking, or screwing together.

In some embodiments, the fastener is configured to extend along a side of the display arrangement. The fastener may comprise a single unit extending at least a portion of a lateral length of the display arrangement. A single unit may be constructed of a single material (eg, a single slab). A single unit may or may not have more than one opening. The extension of the unit (eg, hinge leaf) may be at least about 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 95% of the length of the side of the display structure. . In some embodiments, at least a portion of the fastener (eg, at least one hinge leaf) extends the entire length of a side surface of the display arrangement. In some embodiments, the fasteners extend (eg, slightly) beyond the entire length of a side of the display arrangement. In some embodiments, the fastener receives a side of the display arrangement. 35 shows an example of a fastener 3502 having a portion (eg, a hinge leaf) 3522 that extends at least the entire length of the display arrangement 3501 , the hinge leaf 3522 including circuitry 3530 . having a plurality of openings to facilitate air flow and/or heat exchange, as well as openings 3504 to facilitate access to at least a portion of (eg, its connector 3509), a single portion ( For example, it is formed from a single slab).

In some embodiments, the fasteners may be configured to facilitate heat exchange. The fastener may be configured to receive any heat exchange device and/or technology disclosed herein. For example, the fastener may be configured to receive one or more fans for active gas (eg, air) conduction. The fastener may be configured to receive at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or 20 fans. The fastener may be configured to receive a number of fans between any number of fans described above (eg, 1-20, 1-10, or 10-20). The number of fans may be even. The number of fans may be distributed (eg, evenly) on both sides of the opening. The opening for the circuitry may be centered along the length of the fastener. An opening for gas flow (eg, placement of a fan) may be located along and further away from the fastener. All two fans may be symmetrically aligned along a middle portion of the fastener length (eg, leaf length). 35 shows an example of a fastener 3502 having a leaf with an opening 3504 centered along its length, the leaf being a plurality of facilitating gas exchange and reception of a fan (eg, 3524 ). It has openings 3505a and 3505b (8 openings in total). The plurality of openings may be vent holes. The openings may be arranged symmetrically along the longitudinal center of the fastener and may extend along the fastener leaf distal from the opening. The openings in each of the opening groups 3505a, 3505b are equally distributed (eg, evenly spaced) along the fastener (eg, hinge leaf) portion and symmetrical into two groups about the center of the fastener length. are arranged negatively. A fastener leaf 3522 engages a corner 3529 configured to retain a circuit board 3597 . The circuit board may be coupled to the sensor and emitter panel disposed on the protective frame cover 3503 . The frame cover protects at least a portion of the transparent material (eg, 3598 ) configured to allow emitted radiation (eg, infrared radiation) of the touchscreen function to travel therethrough.

In some embodiments, the display arrangement fastener includes a plurality of circuit boards. The circuit board may include a booster and/or driver board, and/or at least one circuitry that facilitates touchscreen functionality. For example, there may be two circuit boards that facilitate touchscreen functionality. At least one of the plurality of circuit boards may be attached to the fastener. 35 shows an example of a touchscreen circuitry 3597 coupled to a hinge leaf 3522 by a connecting piece (eg, an L bracket 3529). Circuitry 3599 (eg, 3599 ) may or may not be coupled to a fastener (eg, to hinge leaf 3522 ).

In some examples, the fasteners facilitate cooling and/or airflow on one side of the display arrangement and facilitate touchscreen functionality on the opposite side of the display arrangement. 35 shows an example of a touchscreen 3501 coupled to a fastener 3502 such that the airflow 3536 is directed to the back side of the display arrangement 3501 further away from the viewer, and the touchscreen functionality (e.g., For example, transparent material 3598 ) is disposed on an opposite side of the display structure 3501 closer to the viewer (eg, accessible to the viewer for touchscreen functionality). The viewer is schematically represented by a figurine 3596 to represent the viewer side of the display arrangement 3501 (eg, the scale may not be proportional to the display arrangement, for example).

In some embodiments, the fasteners may be configured to facilitate heat exchange. The fastener may be configured to facilitate active heat conduction from the external atmosphere towards the display arrangement (eg, gas propulsion). The fastener may be configured to facilitate active heat conduction from the display arrangement to an external atmosphere (eg, gas intake). For example, the fastener may be configured to receive one or more fans configured to direct a gas (eg, air) from an ambient atmosphere surrounding the fastener toward a designated path. A path may be specified by a guide structure. The guide structure may be at least one planar and/or curved portion. 35 shows an example of a gas directional structure 3523 having planar portions 3531 , 3532 and curved portions 3533 . The gas directional structure may be formed of a single piece of material (eg, a slab), or a plurality of attached (eg, sewn, brazed, interlocked and/or fastened) parts. The gas directing portion may be configured to direct gas along path 3526 . 35 shows various views of a fastener and related components. The gas may be directed from an external environment (eg, the atmosphere of the enclosure) towards the display arrangement, eg, via a gas directing path (eg, formed by a gas directional structure and/or fastener). The gas directional structure may be part of or coupled to the fastener. The gas directional structure may be coupled to (eg, secured to or part of) a first leaf of the fastener. The gas directional structure may not be part of (or coupled to) another (eg, second) leaf. The gas directional structure may be coupled (eg, may be fastened to or part of) a first leaf of a fastener configured to be attached to a display arrangement. The gas directional structure may not be part of (or may not be coupled to) another (eg, second) leaf configured to be attached to a support structure (eg, a frame portion or fixture such as a wall). The support structure may be part of the enclosure (eg, a fixture of the enclosure). The fan may include an actuator. The fan may be controlled by a controller (eg, any controller disclosed herein). The fan may be a local controller (eg, in the fastener and/or the controller of the E-box). The fan may be controlled remotely (eg, by a BMS and/or a higher layer controller such as a floor controller or master controller). The fan may be controlled by a controller configured to control a sensor and/or emitter (eg, a device ensemble).

36 shows an example of a perspective view of a display arrangement coupled to a portion of a fastener. 36 shows an example of a hinge leaf 3622 having two knuckle groups 3685a, 3685b. Each group of knuckles has a hinge (eg, 3620) inserted therethrough. Each knuckle group is part of a knuckle assembly that forms a hinge. Knuckle groups 3685a, 3685b form an integral part of hinge leaf 3622 having a plurality of openings arranged in two symmetrical groups 3605a, 3605b about the center of the length of hinge leaf 3622. Hinge leaf 3622 has an outlet portion 3604 centered about the length of the hinge length. Hinge leaf 3622 is formed from a single piece (eg, a single slab, slice, strip, or plate). Hinge leaf 3622 extends along the entire length of the side of display arrangement 3601 . The display arrangement 3601 has no frame surrounding all its sides. The opening (eg, 3605c ) is configured to allow a gas (eg, air) to pass therethrough from one side of the display arrangement 3601 , eg, along path 3626 . Hinge leaf 3622 also includes protruding features (eg, protrusions) 3699 . In numbers 3601a and 3622a, the ending "a" indicates that it depicts the portion of each item without the ending "a" (eg, 3601a is part of the display arrangement 3601 ).

37 shows an example perspective view of a display arrangement 3701 framed by a sensor-emitter panel, such as, for example, 3703. The display arrangement is coupled to a fastener 3702 having two hinge leaves 3721 , 3722 . Hinge leaf 3721 is configured to be coupled to a support structure. Hinge leaf 3721 has two sets of open knuckles 3783a and 3783b each configured to attach to or detach from hinge leaf 3722 by integration with each of closed cavity knuckles 3785a and 3785b each holding a hinge pintle. The hinge leaf 3721 is formed in a bracket shape. Hinge leaf 3722 includes a central opening 3704 (eg, a cut-out or outlet) along its length, the opening extending to a portion of the hinge leaf width. The opening may be attached to the hinge leaf 3722 and/or coupled to (eg, in communication with) the display configuration and coupled to the E-box and any attached circuitry (eg, boosters and/or power sources). driver board) and/or a portion of the connector. Hinge leaf 3722 has a plurality of openings (eg, 3705 ) arranged in two groups for the length of leaf hinge 3722 . The openings in each group are equally spaced. The opening allows the exchange of gas (eg, air). Hinge leaf 3722 is coupled to a gas directing structure (eg, a gas guide) 3723 . The gas guide directs any incoming gas (eg, air) through the opening (eg, 3705 ) through the cavity ( 3750 ) to one side of the display arrangement such that the gas is directed, eg, by the dashed arrow ( 3751 ). configured to allow flow in the direction shown (or in the opposite direction). Portion 3732 covers (and forms) cavity 3750 , and portions 3732 , 3733 , 3731 are part of gas guide portion 3723 . In the numbers 3701a, 3702a, 3703a, 3721a, 3722a, 3723a, and 3733a, an "a" at the end indicates that it shows the portion of each item without an "a" at the end (e.g., 3701a denotes a portion of the display construct 3701) part).

In some embodiments, the fastener is configured to facilitate heat exchange. Heat exchange may be activated. Heat exchange may be facilitated by one or more fans, gas (eg, air) directing components, and/or gas channels. The path formed in the fastener for gas flow may be designed to accommodate the flow of air without creating excessive or reduced pressure more quickly compared to ambient pressure, for example. The area allowed for gas to flow in the fastener may be greater than the area for gas to flow in the fan. For example, the total horizontal cross-sectional area of the fan opening (eg, 3805 ) is a gas that together forms a gas channel that directs gas (eg, 3851 ) toward an exterior portion of the display arrangement (eg, 3801 ). It may be less than the total horizontal cross-sectional area between the guide (eg, 3823 ) and the plate (eg, 3855 ).

38 shows a display structure 3801 coupled to a portion of a fastener 3822 (eg, a hinge leaf) having an opening (eg, a return, cut-out, or outlet) 3804 extending a portion of its width. ), the opening being centered along its length. The opening 3804 is configured to allow access to a portion of the circuitry 3830 and/or its connector. Hinge leaf 3822 has two sets of knuckles 3884a, 3884b, and a plurality of openings (eg, 3805) that facilitate the flow of gas (eg, air) therethrough. The hinge leaf 3822 is coupled to a gas guide 3823 configured to guide gas flowing (eg, in or out) through the opening (eg, 3805 ). The gas guide is coupled to a plate 3855 having ten projections. The protrusions are evenly spaced along the length of the plate. The plate engages the gas guide 3823 to form a gas passage (eg, between every two protrusions). The protrusion is configured to prevent bending (eg, collapsing) of the gas guide and/or plate. The protrusion is configured to ensure that the gas passage remains operational and/or undamaged over time. Gas guide 3823 and plate 3855 guide gas in the direction shown by dashed arrows (eg, 3851 ). Gas guide 3832 (eg, attached to or as part of hinge leaf 3822 ) is configured to engage hinge leaf 3821 comprising a bracket. The display structure 3801 is framed by a sensor-emitter panel (eg, 3803 ) that facilitates touchscreen capabilities. The bracket portion of the fastener may have at least one pointed end portion (eg, 3821 ) or at least one non-pointed end portion (eg, 3525 ). At least one end of the bracket may be disposed proximate the gas guide, for example when the hinge of the fastener is in the closed position. At least one side end of the bracket may or may not contact the gas guide. The fastener may be configured to allow a gas passage (eg, a gap) between the gas guide and a bracket portion of the fastener, for example, when the fastener is in the closed position. 35 shows an example of the gap between the gas guide 3523 and the non-pointed bracket end 3525 of the leaf 3921 of the fastener. FIG. 38 shows an example of the gap between the pointed bracket end 3825 of the leaf 3821 of the fastener and its complementary partial gas guide 3823 that is part of the bent portion 3533 . At least one end of the bracket may form a right angle or a non-perpendicular angle with a side surface of the bracket. At least one end of the bracket may have an angle and/or curvature that is complementary to a gas guide portion immediately adjacent the bracket, for example when the fastener is in the closed position (eg, as shown in the example of 3802 ). Hinge leaf 3822 is configured to mount circuitry 3871 (eg, to facilitate touchscreen functionality), which mounting is accomplished by using a mounting structure in the shape of L bracket 3870 . The mounting structure may be an integral part of the hinge leaf 3822 , or it may be a separate part that is snapped, interlocked, soldered, glued, bolted, or otherwise attached to the hinge leaf 3822 . In the numbers 3801a, 3803a, 3821a, 3822a, 3832a, 3821a, 3823a, 3840a, and 3855a, an "a" at the end indicates that it shows the part of each item without an "a" at the end (e.g., 3801a is a display construct (3801)). Item 3890 is a connection piece (eg, 4090). The gas guide is coupled (eg, coupled to a fastener) by any attachment (eg, bonding) method disclosed herein (eg, snapping, soldering, gluing, bolting, interlocking, or screwing). can be attached). In the closed position of the fastener, the first and second leaves (and any objects attached thereto) remain separated (eg, gaps) from each other (eg, not in contact with each other). Separation (eg, gap) can be up to about 0.2 mm (mm), 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.8 mm, 1 mm, 3 mm, or 5 mm. Separation (eg, gap) may be any of the values described above (eg, from about 0.2 mm to about 5 mm, from about 0.2 mm to about 0.5 mm, from about 0.3 mm to about 1 mm, or from about 0.8 mm to about 5 mm). The gap is a tip of a bracket portion (eg, 3525) of a first hinge leaf and its complementary portion that is part of a second hinge leaf (eg, a portion attached to or integrated with an integral portion of the hinge leaf), such as a gap guide. , eg, between a gap guide (eg, 3523) complementary portion (eg, 3533) to a bracket tip portion (eg, 3525). The numbers 3501a, 3510a, and 3522a indicate that the trailing “a” shows the portion of each item without the ending “a” (eg, 3501a is part of the display arrangement 3501 ). Item 3505c represents a portion of fan 3505b. The fasteners and related components are represented at 3570 in a side view.

In some embodiments, the fastener is shielded from the viewer by a cap (eg, a beauty cap). The cap may serve as a protective covering or cover for the fastener. The cap may shield the fastener from a support structure (eg, fixture) on which it is installed. For example, the cap may mimic part of a frame (eg, a window frame) or part of a wall. The cap may be camouflaged about its perimeter (eg, at the support structure). The cap may be attached to the support structure using, for example, any of the attachments disclosed herein, such as bolting, screwing, snapping, or adhesive (eg, using an adhesive). The support structure may be configured to facilitate such attachment (eg, by incorporating a complementary structure to which the cap is to be attached).

In some embodiments, the gas guide is configured to guide the gas along a side of the display arrangement. The side of the display arrangement along which gas is guided may be closest to the support structure (eg, a wall, tinted glass and/or frame). The side of the display arrangement along which gas is guided may be further away from the viewer. The side of the display arrangement with which the gas is guided may be opposite the side of the display arrangement with touchscreen capability. The side of the display arrangement along which gas is guided may be opposite the side through which the emitter emits radiation as part of the touchscreen function. 38 shows an example of a display arrangement 3801 with a gas flow directed onto one side of the display arrangement 3801 , illustrated by a dashed arrow (eg, 3841 ), this side of the display arrangement being raised Contrary to the aspect viewed and/or accessed by a viewer (eg, the scale may not, for example, be proportional to the display arrangement), schematically illustrated by 3899 .

In some embodiments, the gas guide may be separated from the hinge leaf by a protruding feature (eg, a protrusion). The protruding features may protrude from the gas guide or hinge leaf. The protruding feature may be an integral part of the gas guide or hinge leaf. The protruding feature may be a separate piece that is attached to the gas guide or hinge leaf (eg, using any of the attachment methods disclosed herein). 38 shows an example of a protruding feature 3840 (eg, a protrusion) that protrudes from a hinge leaf 3822 . The protruding features may provide structural support to the portion(s) of the fastener.

In some embodiments, the initiation of active heat exchange may be controlled by a controller. The controller may use a feedback control scheme. The feedback control scheme may use temperature data. The temperature data may be derived from at least one temperature sensor. The temperature data may relate to a temperature at one or more locations on the display arrangement. The fastener may be configured to receive and/or connect at least one temperature sensor (eg, a thermocouple or IR sensor). The at least one temperature sensor may be configured to sense a temperature of the display arrangement. The at least one temperature sensor may be disposed to contact a side (eg, rim) of the display arrangement that is remote from the viewer, closest to the support structure, and/or closest to the window to which it is coupled. The at least one sensor may be disposed on a frame (eg, sensor and emitter protection frame) and/or any portion of a fastener (eg, a component). The control scheme may direct activation of an active heat exchange system (eg, a fan and/or a cooler) when the temperature reaches a first threshold (eg, as disclosed herein). The control scheme may instruct to block operation of the display element when the temperature reaches a second threshold (eg, as disclosed herein). The control scheme may direct deactivation of the active heat exchange system (eg, a fan and/or a cooler) when the temperature reaches a third threshold (eg, as disclosed herein). In some embodiments, the second threshold is higher (eg, has a higher temperature value) than the first threshold. In some embodiments, the third threshold is lower (eg, has a lower temperature value) than the first threshold. Occasionally, active heat exchange is always in an “operating” mode and is terminated when the temperature exceeds a threshold (eg, a second threshold as described herein). The (eg, any high temperature) threshold may be comprised of a temperature having a value of at least about 40°C, 43°C, 45°C, 47°C, 49°C, 50°C, 53°C, 55°C, or 57°C. there is. The lowest threshold may be a temperature having a value of at most about 25°C, 30°C, 35°C, 40°C, or 45°C. The high temperature threshold may be a temperature at which a luminescent entity is likely to be damaged (eg, burned out) (eg, permanently).

39 shows an example perspective view of various portions of a display arrangement 3901 having touchscreen capabilities coupled to a fastener 3902 . The fastener has a hinge having a first hinge leaf 3921 and a second hinge leaf 3922, the leaf configured to swing about an axis. Item 3980 shows a portion of a sensor-emitter panel and a portion of a display arrangement bounded by its housing. The fastener includes a gas guide 3923 , a plurality of holes facilitating the outflow and/or inflow of gas therethrough, and a first circuit portion 3930 . The hinge leaf 3922 has a recess 3904 . The recess may be configured to facilitate access to a connector (not shown in FIG. 39 ) and/or second circuitry configured to couple to the display arrangement and the E-box (eg, a timing controller therein) and/or a power source. can The first circuit portion 3930 may be disposed (or otherwise coupled) on a side surface of the hinge leaf 3922 . The first circuitry may be configured to facilitate operation of a touchscreen function, including a sensor and emitter panel bounding a display arrangement (eg, 3903 ). The sensor and emitter panel includes circuitry 3923 to which the sensor and emitter (eg, 3922) are coupled, a protective frame including a reflective surface (eg, mirror) 3925, 3924 and 3927, and radiation from the emitter. and a transparent material 3920 configured to allow movement therethrough (and optionally to protect the circuitry from the surrounding environment, such as humidity). Frame portion 3924 is configured to support display structure 3901 over a portion of the sensor and emitter assembly (eg, over reflective surface 3925 ). The protective frame (and components therein) extend along the sides of the display arrangement 3901 . All two vertical guard frames meet at the connecting corner 3990 at the edge of the display arrangement 3901 . The connecting corner includes a body 3991 and a cover 3995 of the body. The body may be a one-piece faceplate. The cover (eg, corner cover) is a tripod cover 3995 . The tripod cover has three extensions that together form a tripod. Two of the three extensions are disposed in a plane, and a third extension is disposed perpendicular to the plane. The third extension includes two wavy shaped structures. The tripod cover 3995 is configured to seal the connectors of the two general protective frames at their mating edges 3990 . The body of the connecting corner is configured to receive circuit boards 3998a and 3998b of the sensor-emitter circuitry. 3901a is part of display arrangement 3901 . Circuit boards are connected to each other at corners (not shown). One of the two circuit boards is connected to the touchscreen circuit board 3930 . The body is configured to receive an internal connector 3094 having two curved edges and two pointed edges defining an eye or almond-like cross-section. The internal connector 3994 includes a housing configured to receive a screw. The integral connector may be part of a one-piece faceplate 3991 .

In some embodiments, the frame of the display arrangement is configured to (i) support the display arrangement, (ii) separate the display arrangement from the sensor and emitter assembly, and (iii) protect the sensor and emitter assembly from the surrounding environment. The display arrangement is configured to be positioned in a cavity that is horizontally and/or vertically within the sensor and emitter assembly. The display structure is separated from the cavity holding the sensor and emitter assembly at least in part by a frame (eg, 3924 ) and/or adhesive. 39 shows an example of a display structure 3901 held by an adhesive (eg, double-sided tape) that contacts the frame portion 3924 and the display structure with the transparent material 3920 . A frame comprising 3924 and 3927 defines an inner cavity for sensor and emitter assemblies (eg, 3922 and 3925 ) and an outer cavity to receive a display arrangement (eg, 3901 ). The transparent material 3920 of the sensor-emitter assembly caps this interior cavity from external influences (eg, humidity and/or debris) (at least in part, eg, with an adhesive material). 3920a is part of transparent material 3920 . The position X at which the display structure 3901 is disposed is vertical and horizontal within the height h of the frame and the width w of the frame. The adhesive material may be a very bonding (VHB) adhesive material (eg, VHB double-sided tape from 3M).

In some embodiments, the two orthogonal sensor and emitter panels are held together by a corner assembly piece. The corner assembly piece may include a guiding feature configured to guide the two orthogonal circuits of the sensor and emitter and align them relative to each other (eg, perpendicularly), eg, within a tolerance. The corner pieces may have stepped guides or corrugated guides. 39 shows an example of a corner assembly 3940 comprising a body 3991 and a corner cover 3995, the corner assembly having two guides 3996a and 3996b, each guiding the sensor and emitter circuitry. . A guide (eg, a magnetic guiding feature) may be configured to hold the circuit board in place (eg, within a tolerance). The tolerance may allow for vertical and/or horizontal displacement of the circuit board of up to about 0.5 millimeters (eg, mm), 0.4 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.2 mm, or 0.1 mm.

In some embodiments, the frame of the display arrangement is coupled to the fastener using at least one connecting piece. The connecting piece may include a tripod. The connecting piece may have three planes facing in three orthogonal directions. The connecting piece may be configured to connect the fastener with the protective frame of the sensor-emitter panel. The connecting piece may be configured to wrap around three orthogonal sides of a portion (eg, an edge thereof) of the fastener. 40 shows an example of a perspective view of various portions of a display arrangement and related components. 40 shows an example of an overall connecting piece 4090 having three orthogonal sides 4090a, 4090b, 4090c (4090d is a partial view of 4090a). The connecting piece 4090 is through the first opening 4005 , the second opening 4050 and onto the back side of the display arrangement 4001 (shown as part of the display arrangement), for example along the dashed arrow 4051 . configured to connect to a gas directing portion 4032 (shown as a partial view thereof) for conducting gas. The connecting piece 4090 seals the circuitry held by the support portion 4070 and couples (e.g., For example, it is configured to be connected). The fastener includes at least one hinge having a knuckle and a pintle (eg, 4082), a first hinge leaf 4021 (shown in partial view) including a bracket configured for mounting to a support structure (eg, fixture). ), and a second hinge leaf 4022 (shown in partial view). A second hinge leaf having at least one gas opening, such as 4005, includes a raised structure 4040 that reduces gas escape between the leaves of the hinge when the hinge is in its closed position. The fastener 4002 is configured to receive at least one circuit board, for example 4030 (shown as an entire circuit board). A circuit board 4030 (eg, including a driver and/or booster board) is coupled to the display arrangement 4001 and configured to provide data and/or power via cabling 4031 . Circuit board 4030 is also configured to connect to a power supply via an E-box (eg, including a timing controller) and/or other cables not shown in FIG. 40 (eg, six). Other cables may extend from the side of the board 4030 opposite to that shown in FIG. 40 .

In some embodiments, the fastener is configured to direct a flow of gas. The flow of gas may be directed along and/or formed by the fastener through a designated opening. A fastener may, for example, reduce the probability of gas flow in a direction other than a designated opening in its operating and/or closed position. The operative position of the fastener may be a position that facilitates operation of the display arrangement for its intended purpose (eg, media projection). The fastener may include a hinge having two leaves (eg, joined in a knuckle and pintle arrangement). At least one of the leaves may include, for example, a raised rim to reduce gas in that direction when the fastener is closed and/or operated. At least one of the leaves may include, for example, a gasket to reduce gas in that direction when the fastener is closed and/or in operation. 41 shows examples of perspective and top views of a display arrangement 4101 coupled to a portion of a fastener 4122 having a plurality of apertures 4105b, 4105a configured to facilitate gas flow therethrough. Hinge leaf 4122 includes knuckle 4182 . The hinge leaf includes a raised portion 4160 that reduces the flow of gas through the raised portion, wherein the flow of gas is between the interior of the fastener (eg, when closed and/or in operation) and the surrounding environment. exist. The raised portion may include a gasket; or no gasket. Hinge leaf 4122 includes a recess 4104 that extends a portion of its width and is centered in its length. 4104a is part of 4104. Items 4122a and 4122b are part of 4122. A gasket may be disposed along the 4122 rim of the opening 4104 as shown in dashed line 4162 . Hinge leaf 4122 includes protruding features (eg, protrusions) 4162 . The protruding features may provide structural support to the component(s) of the hinge. The protruding feature may be an integral part of a fastener (eg, a hinge leaf). The protruding features can be separate pieces that are attached to a fastener (eg, of a hinge leaf) using, for example, any of the attachment methods disclosed herein. The protruding feature may be configured to prevent flexing (eg, collapsing) of the fastener portion(s) (eg, hinge leaf). The gasket may be formed of a polymer and/or a resin. The polymer and/or resin may comprise a carbon or silicone-based material. For example, the polymer may be a polyurethane polymer. The gasket may include a foam material. The gasket may include gas pockets, or it may be devoid of (eg, detectable) gas pockets. The gasket may include a flexible material (eg, rubber or latex). The gasket may comprise a material that is opaque or transparent to visible light.

In some embodiments, the circuitry is in contact with and/or attached to the gas guide. For example, circuitry may be disposed and/or attached to, eg, over, a gas guide. Up may be in a direction opposite to the center of gravity (eg, opposite to the direction of the gravity vector 4200 pointing to the center of gravity). The circuitry may be configured to facilitate gas flow through the gas channel. 42 is a perspective view illustrating various portions of a display arrangement and associated fastener assembly; 42 shows a circuit board 4230 (eg, including a driver and/or booster board) coupled to a display arrangement (shown as portion 4201 ) and configured to provide data and/or power via cabling 4231 . ) is shown as an example. Circuit board 4230 (partial view shown) also supplies power via an E-box (eg, with a timing controller) and/or other cables not shown in FIG. 42 (eg, six) configured to be connected to the device. Other cables may extend from the side of the board 4230 opposite to that shown in FIG. 42 . 42 shows a circuit board 4230 with a fastener including a first portion 4222 (partially shown) and a second portion 4221 (partially shown) held by a hinge 4285 . An example of integration is shown. Hinge leaf 4222 is coupled to a gas guide 4223 configured to guide gas flowing (eg, inlet or outlet) through an opening (not shown in FIG. 42 ). The gas guide is coupled to a plate 4255 (partial view shown) having ten projections. The protrusions may be evenly spaced along the length of the plate. The plate engages with the gas guide 4223 (eg, between all two protrusions) to form a gas passageway. The protrusion is configured to prevent bending (eg, collapsing) of the gas guide and/or plate. The protrusion is configured to ensure that the gas passage remains operational and/or undamaged over time. Gas guide 4223 and plate 4255 guide gas in the direction shown by dashed arrows (eg, 4251 ). Hinge leaf 4222 is configured to engage hinge leaf 4221 comprising a bracket. Display arrangement 4201 (partial view shown) is framed by a sensor-emitter panel (eg, 4203, partial view shown) that facilitates touchscreen capabilities. 4299 shows a partial view of a fastener, a display arrangement, and related components. At least one gas passage may be aligned with the fan. The gas passage can be configured to facilitate a flow of gas at least, such as a flow of gas generated by a fan (eg, aligned with the gas passage). The gas passage may be configured to prevent pressure of the fastener other than ambient pressure during operation of the fan(s), for example. The ambient pressure may be about 1 atmosphere. Pressures other than ambient pressure include over or under pressure.

In some embodiments, two portions of the fastener (eg, first and second hinge leaves) are configured to reversibly engage and disengage from one another. For example, one hinge leaf may include a knuckle having a closed cavity holding a pintle, and the other leaf may include a complementary knuckle having an open cavity and no pintle. Two complementary sets of knuckles may be engaged. Engagement may include snaps (eg, slip-in and snap). The engagement may pressurize the spring. Engagement may be detected by compression of the spring and/or by a sensor (eg, a pressure sensor). When complementary sets of knuckles are engaged, they can be attached to prevent separation. Attachment may be made using screws and/or pins. Attachment may be initiated automatically upon engagement of the two sets of complementary knuckles (eg, using a sensor and/or a spring). Attachment may be manual. Attaching the two hinge leaves (eg, by attaching a knuckle) may be reversible (eg, automatically and/or manually). A knuckle may include an indentation (eg, a notch or cutout) in its surface. Screws and/or pins may engage the indentations, for example, when attaching (eg, securing) a knuckle and pintle mechanism. By attaching a knuckle and a pintle, the opening of the hinge can be prevented. At least one of the hinges may include a securing (eg, attaching) mechanism. The fixation may be reversible (eg, it may be unlocked) (eg, automatically and/or manually). The unlocked hinge can be opened and closed. The fixed hinge may be held in one position (eg, a closed position). The automatic locking of the hinge may be controlled by a controller (eg, a controller of a control system, or a separate controller operatively coupled to the hinge).

43 shows an example of a hinge leaf 4321 having two sets of open cavity knuckles 4385a, 4385b. Pintle 4320a is shown engaged with knuckle set 4385a, the pintle being a closed cavity knuckle and pintle assembly (e.g., 4082) is simulated. Screw 4389 engages knuckle 4385a. 43 shows a projection 4388 representing a snap spring. Screw 4389 may engage or disengage with the knuckle in direction 4387. Pintle 4320b (partial view) may move in direction 4386 to engage or disengage with knuckle 4385c (partial view). 4300 shows a partial view of hinge leaf 4321 , knuckle set 4851a and screws 4389 . The fastener portion 4321 is shown in a perspective view at 4370 .

In some embodiments, the user controls the display set via the touchscreen as if the display set was a single display (eg, a screen division of an image). Screen division of displayed images between display sets may be performed via software (eg, a non-transitory computer readable medium). The software can read input (eg, via network and/or USB) from each touch display, and know where each display is located in a set (also referred to as a group), and the location of user touches in the set. can be calculated. For example, suppose the set has a Cartesian coordinate system with 0,0 located in the lower left corner (as viewed by the display viewer) and 100%, 100% located in the upper right corner (as viewed by the display viewer); For a 2x2 display group, the lower left corner of the display set is 0, 0, and the upper right corner of the display set is 100%, 100%. In this example of a 2x2 display set, the touch translation of any display is expressed as: X = (0.5 * (X of one of the left displays) or (0.5 + (0.5 * (X of one of the right displays))) ); and Y = (0.5 * (Y of one of the lower displays) or (0.5 + (0.5 * (Y of one of the upper displays)))); where X is the horizontal direction to the display viewer and Y is relative to the display viewer. The coordinate system transformation can be adjusted to account for the screen gap between the touch displays. Each of the four displays can be used to detect user touches for touch screen functions (e.g., around the edge of each display). It can include its own two sets of sensor and emitter panels Each display can have only two of the four sensor and emitter panels attached, and the panels can be attached around the outer edge of the display set.

30A shows an example of four displays 3002a , 3002b , 3002c , 3002d forming a display set 3003 . Each display 3002a-d displays the same image. 30A shows an example of four displays 3022a , 3022b , 3022c , 3022d forming a display set 3023 . Each of the displays 3022a - d together display the image displayed at 3002c, for example. If the user wishes to click on a surfer displayed in display set 3003 , the user may do so by clicking anywhere 3008a - d in display set 3003 . If the user wishes to click on a surfer displayed on display set 3023, the user can do so by clicking on location 3029 on display set 3023, but for example at location 3028 (similar to location 3008c). can't do that Screen division of images between display sets 3023 may be performed through software. Software can read input (eg, from a touchscreen or cursor), know how the image is split between displays, and calculate where the user is pointing. For example, suppose the set has a Cartesian coordinate system with 0,0 located in the lower left corner (as viewed by the display viewer) and 100%, 100% located in the upper right corner (as viewed by the display viewer); In the case of the 2x2 display group, the lower left corner of the display 3002c is 0, 0, and the upper right corner of the display 3002b is 100% and 100%. In this example of a 2x2 display set, the touch translation of any display is expressed as: X = (0.5 * (X of display 3002a or 3002c) or (0.5 + (0.5 * (X of display 3002b or 3002d))) ); and Y = (0.5 * (Y on display 3002c or 3002d) or (0.5 + (0.5 * (Y on display 3002a or 3002b)))); where X is the horizontal direction to the display viewer and Y is relative to the display viewer. The coordinate system transformation can be adjusted to account for the screen gap 3005 between the touch displays. Fig. 30A shows an example of a gap 3005, 3025 between two immediately adjacent displays, which gap is a polymer and/or resin-filled.

30B shows an example of four displays 3010a, 3010b, 3010c, and 3010d (shown as the left four displays shown in FIG. 30B ) in display set 3011 , where the image shows that they are one display ( FIG. 30B ). is displayed across the four displays 3010a-3010d as shown in the right four displays shown in FIG. Each display may have its own identity (eg, illustrated by the numbers 1, 2, 3, and 4).

31A shows an example of four display structures 3101a , 3101b , 3101c and 3101d in a 2x2 display arrangement set 3103 . Each of the four displays 3101a - 3101d includes its own two sets of sensor and emitter panels 3104 (shown around the edge of each display) for detecting user contact for touchscreen functionality.

31B shows an example of four display constructs 3105a, 3105b, 3105c, and 3105d in a 2x2 display construct set 3106 wrapped around a set of display constructs. The set of display structures 3106 has two vertical sensor and emitter panels that are collectively attached to a frame 3108 , which panels are attached around the outer edge of the display set 3106 . Thus, each display structure 3105a - d has two sides on which the sensor emitter panel portion is disposed (eg, an outer matrix side), and two sides without a sensor and emitter panel (eg, an inner matrix side). ) has

While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described herein, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that such embodiments are provided by way of example only. It is not intended that the invention be limited by the specific examples provided within the specification. Although the present invention has been illustrated with reference to the foregoing specification, the description and illustration of the embodiments of the present application should not be construed in a limiting sense. Those skilled in the art will now devise numerous modifications, changes and substitutions without departing from the present invention. Moreover, it is to be understood that all aspects of the present invention are not limited to the specific figures, configurations, or relative proportions described herein, which are dependent upon various conditions and parameters. It should be understood that various alternatives to the embodiments of the invention described herein may be utilized in practicing the invention. Accordingly, it is contemplated that the present invention also encompasses any such alternatives, modifications, variations or equivalents. It is intended that the following claims define the scope of the invention and that methods and structures within the scope of such claims and their equivalents be included therein.

Claims (57)

A system for viewing media, comprising:
a tintable window having at least a bleached state and a tinted state;
A display arrangement configured to display and/or manipulate electronic media, the display arrangement being capable of being viewed by a user through (i) the display arrangement and (ii) the tinting window at least when the tinted window is in the decolored state. a display arrangement disposed adjacent and mating to said tincture window such that said display arrangement is at least partially transparent; and
display circuitry wired directly to the display arrangement, the display circuitry being configured to be at least partially accessible during operation and/or after installation
A system for viewing media, comprising a. The system of claim 1 , wherein the display arrangement is communicatively coupled to a network that transmits the electronic media, and wherein the network is communicatively coupled to a building management system. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a hinge configured to facilitate reversible access or containment after operation of the display circuitry and/or installation of the display arrangement. The system of claim 1 , wherein the display element is electrically coupled to a power source disposed at a shortest distance from the display element that is at least about 15 feet (15'). The system of claim 1 , wherein the display arrangement is communicatively coupled to a controller for controlling the display arrangement, the controller being disposed at a shortest distance of at least about 5 feet (5') from the display arrangement. . The display of claim 1 , wherein the display arrangement comprises a first glass pane, a second glass pane, and a display matrix disposed between the first and second glass panes, the display matrix comprising a high-resolution or ultra-high-resolution display. Matrix, a system for viewing media. The system of claim 1 , wherein the tinting window is configured to tint with media displayed by the display arrangement. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein the tinting window is configured to adjust tint while the display arrangement projects the media. 8. The tinting window of claim 7, wherein the tinting window is configured to capture the position of the sun, time of day, date, geographic location of the enclosure in which the display construct is disposed, weather conditions, transmittance of light through the tinting window and/or one or more sensor readings. A system for viewing media, configured to take into account color tone adjustments. The at least one touch screen of claim 1 , wherein at least one touch screen is disposed proximate to the at least one display arrangement, and wherein the at least one touch screen overlaps at least a portion of a viewing surface of the at least one display arrangement. A system for viewing media, on which a screen is arranged. A system for viewing media, comprising:
a tinting window having at least a discolored state and a tinted state;
A display arrangement configured to display and/or manipulate electronic media, the display arrangement being capable of being viewed by a user through (i) the display arrangement and (ii) the tinting window at least when the tinted window is in the decolored state. a display arrangement disposed adjacent to and mating to the tincture window such that the display arrangement is at least partially transparent; and
a fastener configured to couple to the display arrangement, wherein the fastener (I) is configured to facilitate access to at least a portion of the display circuitry, and (II) at least about thirty percent of a lateral length of the display arrangement. (30%) configured to span, (III) configured to facilitate heat exchange, and/or (IV) a plurality of hinges.
A system for viewing media, comprising a. The system of claim 11 , wherein the fastener comprises a hinge configured to facilitate reversible access and containment of the display circuitry. The system of claim 12 , wherein the hinge is configured to facilitate servicing of the display arrangement. The system of claim 11 , wherein the system comprises a control board and a power supply. 15. The system of claim 14, wherein the shortest distance between the display element and the power source is at least about 15 feet (15'). 16. The system of claim 15, wherein the shortest distance between the control board and the power source is at least about 5 feet (5'). The system of claim 11 , wherein the display arrangement is coupled to one or more controllers and/or networks by coaxial cables. The system of claim 11 , wherein the display matrix is a high-resolution or ultra-high-resolution display matrix. The system of claim 11 , wherein the tinting window is configured to tint with media displayed by the display arrangement. 20. The tinting window of claim 19, wherein the tinting window is configured to monitor a position of the sun, a time of day, a date, a geographic location of the enclosure in which the display construct is disposed, weather conditions, transmittance of light through the tinting window, and/or one or more sensor readings. A system for viewing media, configured to take into account color tone adjustments. The at least one touch screen of claim 11 , wherein at least one touch screen is disposed proximate to the at least one display arrangement, and wherein the at least one touch screen overlaps at least a portion of a viewing surface of the at least one display arrangement. A system for viewing media, on which a screen is arranged. 22. The method of claim 21, wherein the at least one display element is a plurality of display elements, each of the plurality of display elements is configured to display a portion of a screen image, and wherein the at least one controller is haptic to the user with the at least one touch screen. and adjust the media displayed on the plurality of entities based at least in part on an interaction. 23. The system of claim 22, wherein the at least one touchscreen is a plurality of touchscreens comprising a first touchscreen having a first side immediately adjacent a second side of the second touchscreen. 24. The system of claim 23, wherein the immediate proximity is free of other intervening touchscreens. 24. The system of claim 23, wherein the first side is free of a first panel, and/or the second side is free of a second panel. 22. The method of claim 21, wherein the at least one touchscreen is configured to be operatively coupled with (a) parallel or substantially parallel to each other (b) at least two sensor and emitter panels disposed at a distance from each other, the distance A system for viewing media beyond one of the disposed at least one touchscreen. An apparatus for controlling media viewing, the apparatus comprising at least one controller comprising control circuitry, the at least one controller comprising:
(a) operatively coupled to a display arrangement configured to display and/or manipulate electronic media, the display arrangement comprising: (i) the display arrangement and (ii) the tinting window at least when the tinted window is in a decolorized state disposed adjacent to and mated to the tinted window for viewing by a user through the tinted window, the display structure being at least partially transparent, and the tinting window having at least one decolored state and one tinted state; A display arrangement is configured to be (A) coupled to display circuitry wired to the display arrangement, the display circuitry being configured to be at least partially accessible during operation and/or after installation, and/or (B) to couple to the display arrangement. coupled to a fastener configured to (I) facilitate access to at least a portion of the display circuitry, (II) span at least about thirty percent (30%) of a lateral length of the display arrangement, ( III) facilitate heat exchange, and/or (IV) include a plurality of hinges; and
(b) configured to control or direct control of the display arrangement;
A device for controlling media viewing. 28. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the display circuitry comprises at least a portion of the control circuitry. 28. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the display arrangement is coupled to a hinge configured to facilitate reversible access and containment of the display circuitry. 28. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the at least one controller is part of a hierarchical control system. 28. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the at least one controller is configured to diagnose or direct a diagnosis of the display element. 28. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the at least one controller is configured to compensate or direct compensation for operation of the display structure. 28. The method of claim 27, wherein the at least one controller (i) diagnoses or instructs a diagnosis to generate a diagnostic result, and (ii) uses the diagnostic result to compensate or direct compensation for operation of the display member. A device for controlling media viewing, configured to: 28. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the at least one controller is configured to monitor or direct monitoring a condition of a filter configured to filter atmospheric. 28. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the at least one controller is configured to monitor or direct monitoring a temperature of the display element. 28. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the at least one controller is configured to diagnose or instruct a diagnosis of the display element at least in part by monitoring or instructing monitoring a temperature of the display element. 36. The apparatus of claim 35, wherein the at least one controller is configured to use a temperature of the display element to compensate or direct compensation for operation of the display element. 28. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the at least one controller is configured to monitor or direct monitoring a status of one or more pixels of the display element. 28. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the at least one controller is configured to monitor or direct monitoring of operation of at least one fan configured to operate with the display arrangement. 28. The method of claim 27, wherein the at least one controller is configured to diagnose or direct a diagnosis at least in part by monitoring or instructing operation of at least one fan configured to operate with the display arrangement. device to control. 28. The method of claim 27, wherein the at least one controller is configured to cycle or instruct cycling of the display arrangement after a predetermined time interval, wherein the cycling of the display arrangement elapses over time to reduce degradation of one or more pixels of the display arrangement. An apparatus for controlling media viewing, comprising modifying displayed media according to 28. The method of claim 27, wherein the at least one controller is configured to be operatively coupled to at least one touchscreen disposed proximate to the display arrangement, and wherein the at least one controller is configured for user tactile interaction with the at least one touchscreen. An apparatus for controlling media viewing, configured to adjust the media displayed on the display arrangement based at least in part on an action. A method of controlling media viewing, comprising:
displaying and/or manipulating electronic media on a display element, wherein the display element is viewable by a user through (i) the display element and (ii) the tintable window at least when the tinted window is in a decolorized state. the display and/or the display and/or the display and/or the display and/or the display and/or the display and/or disposed adjacent to the tinting window and mating such that the display structure is at least partially transparent, and wherein the tinting window has at least one decolored state and one tinted state. manipulating; and
(A) display circuitry configured to communicate with the display arrangement, the display circuitry configured to be at least partially accessible during operation and/or after installation, and/or (B) a fastener configured to couple to the display arrangement wherein the fastener (I) facilitates access of at least a portion of the display circuitry, (II) spans at least about thirty percent (30%) of a lateral length of the display arrangement, and/or (III) exchanges heat and/or (IV) using said fastener comprising a plurality of hinges.
A method of controlling media viewing, comprising: 44. The method of claim 43, further comprising diagnosing the display element to form a diagnostic result. 44. The method of claim 43, further comprising adjusting media displayed on the display arrangement based at least in part on a user tactile interaction with at least one touchscreen disposed proximate to the display arrangement. How to. A method of maintaining a media display, comprising:
(a) displaying electronic media on a display arrangement comprising a light irradiating component;
(b) sensing media displayed by a light projection component of the display arrangement using at least one sensor to generate sensor data;
(c) using the sensor data to evaluate a state of at least one of the light illuminating components by comparing the displayed media with the media requested to be displayed; and
(d) (i) adjust the irradiation of at least one of the light irradiation components to irradiate to a requested level of irradiation of the media to be displayed, and/or (ii) a state of at least one of the light irradiation components using a control system to predict maintenance of the display arrangement when is less than a threshold, wherein the control system is operatively coupled to the display arrangement and the at least one sensor. step to do
A method of maintaining a media display comprising: 47. The method of claim 46, wherein maintaining the display arrangement comprises replacing the display arrangement. 47. The method of claim 46, further comprising using the control system to control the enclosure in which the display arrangement is disposed. 47. The method of claim 46, further comprising using the control system to control cycling illumination of at least one of the light illumination components. 47. The method of claim 46, further comprising using a learning module to predict maintenance of at least one of the light illumination components or using the control system to direct its use. 47. The method of claim 46, wherein the control system is communicatively coupled to a network configured to provide data and/or power to the display arrangement. An apparatus for maintaining a media display, the apparatus comprising at least one controller comprising circuitry, the at least one controller comprising:
(a) operatively coupled to the display arrangement and at least one sensor;
(b) instruct the display arrangement to display electronic media, the display arrangement comprising a light emitting component;
(c) instructing the at least one sensor to sense the media displayed by the light projection component of the display arrangement to generate sensor data;
(d) use or direct the use of sensor data to evaluate the status of at least one of the light irradiation components by comparing the displayed media to the media requested to be displayed; and
(e) instructing at least one of the light irradiation components to adjust an irradiation so that at least one of the light irradiation components irradiate to a requested level of irradiation of the media to be displayed, and/or (f) the at least one predicting or instructing prediction of maintenance of the display arrangement when the state of the light irradiation component of
A device for maintaining the media display. 53. The apparatus of claim 52, wherein maintenance of the display arrangement comprises replacing the display arrangement. 53. The apparatus of claim 52, wherein the at least one controller is configured in a building management system that controls a building in which the display arrangement is disposed. 53. The apparatus of claim 52, wherein the at least one controller is configured to control cycling irradiation of at least one of the light irradiation components. 53. The apparatus of claim 52, wherein the at least one controller is configured to direct use or use a learning module to predict maintenance of at least one of the light irradiation components. 53. The apparatus of claim 52, wherein the at least one controller is communicatively coupled to a network configured to provide data and/or power to the display arrangement.

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