KR20230126589A - Erosion prevention wave dissipation block and erosion prevention structure using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an erosion prevention wave dissipation block and a wave dissipation structure using the same. To this end, the erosion prevention wave dissipation block comprises: a support unit which has a rectangular surface having a predetermined height and is flat toward one side of a widthwise direction; a flange unit which includes upper and lower flanges extending from the other side of the widthwise direction of the support unit and provided at upper and lower ends of the support unit, and a middle flange provided between the upper and lower flanges; a soil loss prevention unit which extends from an end at a rear side of the support unit toward the other side thereof and to which the flange unit is fixed and supported; and a flow path formation unit which is provided by the support unit, the flange unit, and the soil loss prevention unit. Accordingly, the present invention can effectively dissipate waves on the coast or the shore, prevent soil erosion on the shore, and greatly shorten a construction period due to easy construction.

Description

Erosion prevention sofa block and sofa structure using the same {Erosion prevention wave dissipation block and erosion prevention structure using the same}

The present invention relates to a sofa block for preventing erosion and a sofa structure using the same, and more particularly, to a sofa block capable of effectively attenuating wave force of a shore or a shoreline and a sofa structure using the same.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Huge waves caused by natural disasters such as typhoons and tidal waves or storms caused by deteriorating weather cause damage or loss of ships or facilities anchored in a coast or a port. In addition, in coastal areas, there is a risk of flooding due to waves crossing the built embankment, and in the case of soft ground, damage due to erosion may occur.

In order to prepare for the threat of such huge waves or storms, breakwaters are generally formed by stacking sofa blocks (tetrapods, etc.) around port facilities, coastal maintenance facilities, and other marine facilities for the purpose of preventing damage to port facilities caused by wave force. to build

In general, sofa blocks have a structure in which several pods are radially formed, and wave power is dissipated by dispersing fluid based on air gaps provided between the pods of the stacked sofa blocks. However, conventional sofa structures such as tetrapods have long-term lack of durability against wave forces, such as being destroyed by impact between pods or flowing during wave action by high waves, and there is a high possibility of safety accidents.

In addition, since the conventional sofa structure has a main purpose of attenuating wave energy of repeated waves, the effect of preventing coastal soil erosion has a weak limit.

to solve these problems Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-2273927 (2021.06.30 registration, hereinafter referred to as 'Prior Art Document 1') has been proposed. As shown in FIG. 1A, the prior art document 1 is a first sofa composed of a bottom plate 2a and a pillar 2b protruding upward from the bottom plate 2a in forming the harbor structure 1. a block 2 and a top plate 3a, and one side wall 3b protruding downward from one end of the top plate 3a in a first direction; and the second sofa block 3 including the other side wall 3c protruding downward from the other end of the top plate 3a in the first direction.

However, the harbor structure according to Prior Art Document 1 has one side wall (3b) on the upper surface of the top plate (3a) so that the first sofa block (2) and the second sofa block (3) are mutually bound and interlocked during construction. And the other side wall (3c) is not easy to install as it must be installed in a precisely aligned state so that it is placed, and due to this, there was a problem that rapid construction is difficult.

Another prior art document is Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-0642578 (registered on October 30, 2006, hereinafter referred to as 'Prior Art Document 2'). In Prior Art Document 2, as shown in FIGS. 1B and 1C, the left section is formed in a c-shape, and a center plate 5a dividing the inner space into left and right sides is formed vertically at the front center, and the center plate 5a On the left and right sides of the front side, a plurality of horizontal plates 5b protruding to the left and right and forming a level are formed, and a plurality of flat gaps 5c are formed vertically at regular intervals, and the left and right sides of the inside of the gaps 5c On the upper and lower surfaces of the plate, semicircular holes 5d are formed in the upper and lower portions, so that the waves are sofaed while passing through the gaps 5c between the horizontal plates 5b.

In addition, by arranging the sofa blocks 5 in a row, stacking a plurality of sofa blocks 5 on the upper side again, and arranging the reflective wave blocks 20 in a row in the vertical direction on the uppermost surface, the semicircular hole 5d is formed. The waves introduced through are introduced into the adjacent sofa block (5), and the remaining waves meet with the waves introduced through the gap (5c) to offset each other.

However, the breakwater according to Prior Art Document 2 is formed so that the sofa block 5 has a wide proportion in the width direction as a whole by the shape of the horizontal plate 5b, and the gap 5c provided between the horizontal plates 5b There was a problem in that the sofa block 5, which did not form an interlocking, was easily moved and lost because lift was generated upward when the waves collided with each other. In addition, due to the shape of the horizontal board (5b), there was a limit that it is easily damaged by waves.

Furthermore, the prior art document 2 had many difficulties in manufacturing due to the shape of the horizontal plate 5b, the gap 5c, and the semicircular hole 5d formed on both sides, and it was difficult to implement complete engagement during the construction process. In addition, in the case of constructing a breakwater, there was also a construction hassle in that a separate formwork had to be installed in order to pour the upper concrete.

Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-2273927 (registered on June 30, 2021) Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-0642578 (registered on October 30, 2006)

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, so that the wave force can be dispersed and dissipated by a plurality of erosion-preventing sofa blocks, effectively protecting the coast from waves, and having sufficient bearing capacity even without forming an interlocking structure Its purpose is to provide a sofa block for preventing erosion and a sofa structure using the same, which is easy to manufacture and has improved workability because it can be secured.

An anti-erosion sofa block according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a support having a flat square surface on one side in the width direction while having a predetermined height; and an upper flange extending from the other side in the width direction of the support and provided at the upper and lower ends of the support. A flange portion including a lower flange and an intermediate flange provided between the upper flange and the lower flange; and a soil loss prevention portion extending from the rear end of the support toward the other side and having the flange portion fixedly supported; and a passage forming portion provided by the support portion, the flange portion, and the soil loss prevention portion.

In addition, the flow path forming unit includes an upper flow path provided between the upper flange and the middle flange and formed with a first inlet open to the front, and a lower flow path provided between the middle flange and the lower flange and formed with a second inlet open to the front. can do.

In addition, communication grooves are continuously formed in the upper flange, the intermediate flange, and the lower flange of the flow path forming part in the vertical direction so that the upper flow path and the lower flow path communicate with the outside. The support portion may have a through-hole through which the sofa damping passage communicates with the outside in the width direction.

In addition, the upper flange, the lower flange, and the middle flange of the flange portion may extend to the other side with the same length, and a friction surface parallel to the square surface may be formed at the other end of the flange portion.

In addition, the ratio of the height to the width of the sofa block is preferably formed to be 2.3 to 2.7.

On the other hand, the sofa structure using the anti-erosion sofa block of the present invention is formed by stacking a plurality of anti-erosion sofa blocks in the width direction and the vertical direction, and the anti-erosion sofa block has a predetermined height and is flat on one side in the width direction. A flange portion including a support portion having a surface, an upper flange and a lower flange extending from the other side in the width direction of the support portion, provided at upper and lower ends of the support portion, and an intermediate flange formed between the upper flange and the lower flange, and the support portion Including a soil loss prevention portion extending from the rear end toward the other side and meeting the flange portion, the support portion of the sofa block adjacent in the width direction and the flange portion abut to form a sofa damping passage blocked by the soil loss prevention portion at the rear.

In addition, the anti-flow block may be disposed in close contact with each of the anti-erosion sofa blocks provided at one side and the other edge in the width direction.

And the flow prevention block communicates with the sofa damping passage forming part of the sofa block for preventing erosion, and a discharge passage for discharging the fluid flowing in the sofa damping passage in a lateral direction may be formed through the width direction.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to protect the coast from waves by being laminated on the coast or the coast of a river to dissipate wave energy.

In addition, it is possible to effectively prevent soil loss and erosion caused by waves.

In particular, even if a separate structure for interlocking is not formed, a flat square surface is formed on one side and a flange portion is formed only on the other side, so the structure is simple, so manufacturing is easy and productivity is high, and lamination is easy to improve workability, so construction period has the advantage of greatly shortening the

Furthermore, since the ratio of the height to the width of the sofa block is formed to be around 2.5, the number of frictional contact surfaces resisting lift increases, so a stable bearing capacity can be secured only by overlapping construction of adjacent sofa blocks, thereby preventing the formation of a separate binding structure. Even if not, a plurality of anti-erosion sofa blocks can be firmly fixed.

As a result, even if strong waves act, it is possible to prevent the movement or separation of the sofa block for preventing erosion.

Figure 1a is a use state diagram showing the shape of a harbor structure using a sofa block according to Prior Art Document 1.
Figure 1b is a perspective view showing a sofa block according to Prior Art Document 2.
Figure 1c is a use state diagram showing the shape of a breakwater using a sofa block and a reflective wave block according to Prior Art Document 2.
Figure 2 is a perspective view showing a state viewed from one direction the shape of the anti-erosion sofa block according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a perspective view showing a state viewed from the other direction the shape of the anti-erosion sofa block according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a side view showing a state viewed from the side of the shape of the anti-erosion sofa block according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 5 is a plan view showing a state looking down on the anti-erosion sofa block according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the shape of the AA portion cross-section of the anti-erosion sofa block according to the embodiment shown in FIG.
Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the shape of the cross-section of the BB portion of the sofa block for preventing erosion according to the embodiment shown in FIG.
8 is a perspective view showing the shape of a sofa structure using a sofa block for preventing erosion according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 9 is a state diagram showing the state of use of a sofa structure using a sofa block for preventing erosion according to an embodiment of the present invention from the side.
10 is a use state diagram showing a state of use of a sofa structure using a sofa block for preventing erosion according to an embodiment of the present invention from the front.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on the matters shown in the drawings.

First, referring to FIGS. 2 and 4, a sofa block (B) constructed in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention and stacked to efficiently attenuate the wave energy of seawater will be described.

The sofa block (B) is formed with a support portion 100 having a flat square surface 110 on one side in the width direction while having a predetermined height (H) as shown in FIGS. 2 to 3. In addition, a flange part 200 is integrally formed on the other side of the support part 100 in the width direction so as to extend from the support part 100, and the flange part 200 is formed with an upper flange 210 provided at the upper and lower ends of the support part 100. ) and a lower flange 220, and an intermediate flange 230 provided between the upper flange 210 and the lower flange 220.

Depending on the embodiment, when the height (H) of the sofa block (B) is increased, it goes without saying that an additional flange may be formed in the flange portion (200).

As shown in FIG. 7, since the sofa blocks are overlapped in the width direction, the friction surface 212 formed on the other end of the flange 200 on the flat support 100 in the process of overlapping each other Since a stable bearing capacity can be secured just by constructing so that the (222) and (232) come into contact with each other, workability can be improved.

In addition, since the sofa block (B) has a three-dimensional shape because the support portion 100 is formed flat, only the flange portion on the other side has a three-dimensional shape, so the design of the mold is simple, so manufacturing is easy and economical.

On the other hand, the sofa block (B) extends from the rear side end of the support part 100 toward the other side, and the soil loss prevention part 300 to which the flange part 200 is fixed and supported is integrally formed, so that the soil on the slope of the rear surface It can block the loss of, and in the sofa block (B) placed on the upper part, it can function as a formwork for pouring concrete.

In addition, since the sofa block (B) of the present invention is provided with a flow path forming portion 400 by the above-described support portion 100, the flange portion 200, and the soil loss prevention portion 300, the flow path forming portion 400 Wave energy can be effectively dissipated by dispersing the fluid based on the sofa damping passage (S) formed in contact with the adjacent sofa block (B).

On the other hand, the sofa block (B) may be formed such that the ratio of the height (H) to the width (W) is 2.3 to 2.7, preferably around 2.5. As a result, since the number of frictional contact surfaces resisting lift is increased by the shape of the sofa block (B), which is formed relatively long vertically, stable bearing capacity can be secured only by overlapping construction of adjacent sofa blocks, and thereby a separate interlocking binding structure. Even if not formed, a plurality of anti-erosion sofa blocks can be firmly fixed. In addition, even if strong waves act in multiple directions, it is possible to effectively control the flow or separation of the individual anti-erosion sofa blocks (B).

In addition, the flow path forming part 400 is provided between the upper flange 210 and the middle flange 230, and the upper flow path 410 and the middle flange 230 formed with the first inlet 411 open to the front, A lower flow path 420 provided between the lower flanges 220 and having a second inlet 421 open to the front may be formed.

That is, the waves flowing into the front of the sofa block S can be distributed to be divided into the upper and lower flow passages 410 and 420 through the first and second inlets 411 and 421. At this time, the soil loss prevention unit 300 formed at the rear can offset the incoming wave energy by reflecting the introduced wave forward again.

In particular, since a communication hole 120 is formed through the support part 100 in the width direction to communicate the outside with the sofa damping passage S formed by the passage forming part 400, the upper and lower passages 410 ( The fluid introduced into 420) may be dispersed again into the sofa damping passages S of the sofa blocks B adjacent to both sides.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, communication grooves 430 penetrating the upper flange 210, the middle flange 230, and the lower flange 220 in the vertical direction are continuously formed in the flow path forming part 400, The upper flow path 410 and the lower flow path 420 may communicate with each other as well as with the sofa damping flow path S of the vertically adjacent sofa block B.

The communication groove 430 penetrates the first communication part 431 formed through the upper flange 210, the second communication part 432 formed through the middle flange 230, and the lower flange 220. It includes the formed third communication part 433. At this time, the first communication portion 431, the second communication portion 432, and the third communication portion 433 may all be formed to have the same size, but are not limited thereto, and as shown in FIG. The size of the communication part 431 is formed larger than the size of the third communication part 433, and when a plurality of sofa blocks (B) are stacked as shown in FIGS. 8 to 9, the fluid is induced to move up and down. can

6 and 7, the upper flange 210, the lower flange 220, and the middle flange 230 of the flange portion 200 extend to the other side with the same length, and as described above, the flange At the other end of the branch 200, friction surfaces 212, 222, and 232 parallel to the square surface 110 are formed.

That is, the friction surfaces 212, 222, and 232 are the first friction surface 212 formed on the upper flange 210, the second friction surface 222 formed on the lower flange 220, and the middle flange ( 230), and is arranged in close contact with the square surface 110 of the adjacent anti-erosion sofa block (B), so even if wave force is applied, the load is evenly applied to the flat square surface 110 Since it is distributed and delivered, a stable bearing capacity can be secured without individual sofa blocks (B) being moved or separated.

In addition, according to one embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 , a first inclined surface 211 formed to be inclined upward is formed on the lower part of the upper flange 210, and a first inclined surface 211 formed to be inclined downward is formed on the upper part of the lower flange 220. 2 inclined surfaces 221 are formed, a third inclined surface 231a is formed on the upper part of the auxiliary flange 230 to be inclined downward, and a fourth inclined surface 231b is formed to be inclined upward on the lower part of the auxiliary flange 230. can be formed

That is, the thickness of the upper flange 210 and the lower flange 220 is formed to gradually decrease toward the other direction, so that when a plurality of sofa blocks overlap each other in the width direction as shown in FIGS. 8 to 9, the passage After the fluid flowing into the sofa damping passage S formed by the forming unit 400 moves along the upper passage 410 and the lower passage 420, the communication hole 120 of the sofa block B adjacent in the width direction Since it can be induced, it can be smoothly discharged in the width direction.

Hereinafter, a sofa structure formed by stacking a plurality of anti-erosion sofa blocks (B) in the width direction and the vertical direction will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 8 to 9 of the present invention. The anti-erosion sofa block (B) has a support portion 100 having a flat square surface 110 on one side in the width direction while having a predetermined height H, and extending from the other side in the width direction of the support portion 100, the support portion ( 100) A flange portion 200 including an upper flange 210 and a lower flange 220 provided at upper and lower ends, and an intermediate flange 230 formed between the upper flange 210 and the lower flange 220 And a soil loss prevention part 300 extending from the rear end of the support part 100 toward the other side and meeting the flange part 200, including the support part 100 of the sofa block (B ') adjacent in the width direction and the The flange portion 200 abuts to form a sofa damping passage S whose rear portion is blocked by the soil loss prevention portion 300.

According to one embodiment, as shown in Figure 8, a plurality of anti-erosion sofa blocks (B) arranged at the top are arranged toward the rear by a certain width than the plurality of anti-erosion sofa blocks (B'') arranged at the bottom. Thus, the lower flange 220 may be overlapped with the adjacent upper flange 210 in a predetermined area to form a staircase shape. That is, according to the structure described above, the structure is not only simple, but also a plurality of erosion-preventing sofa blocks (B'') to be arranged and installed at the top while the operator is standing on the plurality of erosion-preventing sofa blocks (B'') arranged at the bottom during the construction of the sofa structure. As the prevention sofa block (B) can be arranged, there is an effect that the construction is very easy.

In addition, according to one embodiment, the plurality of anti-erosion sofa blocks (B) arranged on the top are 2n (n = 1,2,3.. .) It is arranged less, and as one side end and the other side end are formed in the form of stairs, waves applied from the side direction can be effectively dissipated.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a sofa structure capable of more effectively preventing the breakaway of the sofa block for preventing erosion according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 10 .

According to one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 10, the anti-flow block 500 may be disposed in close contact with each of the anti-erosion sofa blocks (B) provided at one side and the other edge in the width direction. At this time, as the flow prevention block 500 has a trapezoidal shape with an inclined surface formed on one side toward the outside, one side end and the other end of the sofa structure are formed as an inclined surface, and the sofa block (B) overlapped in the width direction is blue As the energy is continuously transmitted in the width direction, it serves to transmit the load of the sofa block (B) disposed at the end to the ground. In addition, wave energy applied from the side can be effectively dispersed. Thus, it is possible to fundamentally block the movement and separation of the anti-erosion sofa blocks (B) disposed at both ends in the width direction.

However, the shape of the anti-flow block 500 is not limited to that described and may have other shapes commonly known to those who practice the present invention.

In addition, according to one embodiment, the flow prevention block 500 communicates with the flow path forming part 400 of the erosion prevention sofa block (B) to discharge the fluid flowing in the sofa damping path (S) in the lateral direction. The discharge passage 510 is formed through in the width direction so that the dissipated wave fluid can be discharged in the lateral direction through the discharge passage 510, and the fluid caused by the lateral wave also passes through the discharge passage 510. As it passes through and flows into the sofa damping passage (S), wave energy can be effectively dissipated.

The sofa block for preventing erosion and the sofa structure using the same according to the present invention described above can be implemented in other specific forms by those skilled in the art without changing the technical spirit or essential features of the present invention. you will be able to understand

Therefore, the embodiments described above should be understood as illustrative in all respects and not limiting, and the scope of the present invention is indicated by the claims to be described later rather than the foregoing detailed description, and the meaning and meaning of the claims All changes or modified forms derived from the scope and equivalent concept should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention.

B: sofa block for erosion prevention S: sofa damping channel
100: support 110: square surface
120: communication hole 200: flange part
210: upper flange 211: first inclined surface
212: first friction surface 220: lower flange
221: second inclined surface 222: second friction surface
230: intermediate flange 232: third friction surface
231a: third slope 231b: fourth slope
300: soil loss prevention unit 400: flow path formation unit
410: upper flow path 411: first inlet
420: lower flow path 421: second inlet
430: communication groove 500: flow prevention block
510: discharge passage

Claims (9)

A support part 100 having a flat square surface 110 on one side in the width direction while having a predetermined height H;
It extends from the other side in the width direction of the support part 100, and is provided between the upper flange 210 and the lower flange 220 provided at the upper and lower ends of the support part 100, and the middle provided between the upper flange 210 and the lower flange 220. A flange portion 200 including a flange 230;
A soil loss prevention part 300 extending from the rear end of the support part 100 toward the other side and fixedly supporting the flange part 200; and,
A sofa block for preventing erosion, characterized in that it comprises a; passage forming part 400 provided by the support part 100, the flange part 200, and the soil loss prevention part 300.
According to claim 1,
The flow path forming part 400 is provided between the upper flange 210 and the middle flange 230 and includes an upper flow path 410 having a first inlet 411 open to the front; and a lower passage 420 provided between the middle flange 230 and the lower flange 220 and having a second inlet 421 open to the front.
According to claim 2,
In the flow path forming part 400, communication grooves 430 are continuously formed in the upper flange 210, the middle flange 230, and the lower flange 220 in the vertical direction to form the upper flow path 410 and the lower flow path. (420) anti-erosion sofa block, characterized in that in communication with the outside.
According to claim 2,
The support portion 100 is a sofa block for preventing erosion, characterized in that the communication hole 120 for communicating the outside with the passage forming portion 400 is formed through in the width direction.
According to claim 1,
The upper flange 210, the lower flange 220, and the middle flange 230 of the flange portion 200 extend to the other side with the same length, and the other end of the flange portion 200 has a square surface 110, respectively. ) Anti-erosion sofa block, characterized in that the friction surface 212, 222, 232 parallel to the formation.
According to claim 3 or 4,
Erosion prevention sofa block, characterized in that the ratio of the height (H) to the width (W) of the sofa block is 2.3 to 2.7.
In the sofa structure formed by stacking a plurality of anti-erosion sofa blocks (B) in the width direction and the vertical direction,
The anti-erosion sofa block (B) has a support portion 100 having a flat square surface 110 on one side in the width direction while having a predetermined height (H); It extends from the other side in the width direction of the support part 100 and is formed between the upper flange 210 and the lower flange 220 provided at the upper and lower ends of the support part 100 and between the upper flange 210 and the lower flange 220. A flange portion 200 including an intermediate flange 230 to be; And a soil loss prevention part 300 extending from the rear end of the support part 100 toward the other side and meeting the flange part 200, including the support part 100 of the sofa block (B ') adjacent in the width direction and the The sofa structure, characterized in that the flange portion 200 abuts to form a sofa damping passage (S) whose rear is blocked by the soil loss prevention portion (300).
According to claim 7,
A sofa structure, characterized in that the anti-flow block 500 is closely disposed on each of the anti-erosion sofa blocks (B) provided at one side and the other edge in the width direction.
According to claim 8,
The flow prevention block 500 is in communication with the passage forming part 300 of the sofa block B for preventing erosion, and the discharge passage 510 for discharging the fluid flowing in the sofa damping passage S in the lateral direction is formed in the width direction. A sofa structure, characterized in that formed through.

Images