KR20240078944A - Structure to prevent loss of breakwater blocks including tetrapods - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a structure for preventing loss of sofa blocks including tetrapods. More specifically, it relates to a structure for preventing the loss of sofa blocks including tetrapods, which has protrusions and can prevent the separation and loss of the tetrapods when waves with high wave height act.
For this purpose, the present invention includes a sofa block holder that allows a sofa block including a tetrapod to be mounted on the upper surface and is horizontal to the sea floor; A protrusion that may be formed at the front end of the sofa block holder and is perpendicular to the sea floor; And it is formed on the sofa block holder, and includes a through hole formed in order to prevent positive pressure from acting on the sofa block holder, and provides a structure for preventing loss of a sofa block including a tetrapod.

Description

Structure to prevent loss of breakwater blocks including tetrapods}

The present invention relates to a structure for preventing loss of sofa blocks including tetrapods. More specifically, it relates to a structure for preventing the loss of sofa blocks including tetrapods, which has protrusions and can prevent the separation and loss of the tetrapods when waves with high wave height act.

In general, a revetment is a structure installed on a slope to protect a riverbank, coast, or embankment and prevent erosion of the waterline due to running water. In most cases, river revetment construction involves handmade construction. If revetments are classified according to construction location, they can be divided into three types: embankment revetment, low water revetment, and floodplain revetment. The names of each revetment part are not uniform, but the standard structure is slope covering work, bottom protection work (foundation protection), and foundation consolidation. It consists of three balls.

In addition to the revetment mentioned above, a breakwater is usually required in an artificial port as it is a structure that protects the inner harbor by blocking waves from the open sea. A variety of breakwaters are being built using both stone and concrete. The location of the breakwater is determined according to various conditions. In other words, if you place it at a right angle to the direction in which the waves are traveling, a large area will be calmed by a short extension. If it is tilted a little more than being perpendicular, the wave force impacting the breakwater becomes very weak.

On sandy beaches, breakwaters are built to a considerable depth to prevent sand from flowing into the harbor and settling. Construction costs are low when building a breakwater along a shallow area. If you get too close from the port to the shore, the ship will crash into the shore. When a ship passes through a port, it must pass at a high speed to avoid zigzagging, so it requires 800 to 1,000 meters to reach the coast. When the weather is bad, the port must have enough space to accommodate all ships weighing less than 10,000 tons.

Additionally, as a condition for installing a breakwater, it must not be directed in the direction of the wave. The vessel should face towards the side where it is easy to enter and exit. The width should be narrow enough for ships to pass safely. Usually, it is about the length of the ship. The entrance to the port is made somewhat deeper because the waves are higher than inside the port. When waves come near the breakwater, it causes a fast current and the entrance to the harbor becomes rough.

Moreover, as a method of installing a breakwater, an upright is a concrete block erected from the bottom, which prevents waves well, but if the ground is weak, it may sink or the foundation may scour. It is generally suitable for small-scale things such as fish tanks.

In addition, the slope is made up of riprap stones or tetrapods, and because it breaks on the slope, there is a lot of overtopping. It is also built in places where the ground is weak, but it is uneconomical because it requires a lot of materials in deep places. In addition, the hybrid system is an upright system placed on an inclined system, and is widely adopted in Korea because it combines the advantages of both an inclined system and an upright system.

Typically, tetrapods are piled up around breakwaters. Tedrapod is a concrete deformed block used instead of covering stone for blue sofas. It is shaped like four horns and is used in breakwaters and revetments to weaken wave energy. This concrete deformed block has a rough covering layer and has good permeability, so it reduces wave pressure, wave creep, and reflected waves, thereby reducing wave energy. The blocks can be interlaced and constructed on stable, steep slopes, creating an economical cross section. can be obtained, the center of gravity of the block is low and stability is good, so the weight can be lightened compared to concrete blocks, and no special care is required during construction.

However, although the tetrapods installed around the breakwater withstand normal waves well, there was a problem in that they were scattered, lost, or damaged by waves caused by strong winds such as typhoons, preventing them from functioning normally.

Therefore, due to factors such as earthquakes and typhoons, the height of the waves incident on the breakwater increases and the energy becomes stronger, which is a means of preventing the loss of the tetrapod when waves exceeding the previously set design wave height are incident. This is necessary.

Prior art literature: KR Registered Patent Publication No. 10-1164621 (announced on July 16, 2012)

The present invention was developed to solve the above problems, and provides a structure for preventing loss of sofa blocks including tetrapods, which can prevent loss of tetrapods even when waves with wave heights exceeding the design wave height act. There is a purpose to doing so.

The structure for preventing loss of sofa blocks including tetrapods according to the present invention devised to achieve the above object includes a sofa block holder on which sofa blocks including tetrapods can be mounted on the upper surface and is horizontal to the sea floor; A protrusion that may be formed at the front end of the sofa block holder and is perpendicular to the sea floor; And it is formed on the sofa block holder, and includes a through hole formed in the sofa block holder to prevent positive pressure from acting on the sofa block holder.

In addition, a sofa block holder consisting of a first block and a second block, on which a sofa block including a tetrapod can be mounted on the upper surface, and which is horizontal to the sea floor; A protrusion that may be formed at the front end of the sofa block holder and is perpendicular to the sea floor; And it is formed on the sofa block holder, and includes a through-hole part in which a through hole is formed to prevent positive pressure from acting on the sofa block holder, and the first block has indentations formed on both sides of the sofa block holder. The second block includes protrusions formed on both sides of the sofa block holder, and the recesses of the first block and the protrusions of the second block are formed to correspond to each other, so that the sides of the first block and the second block are It includes enabling meshing coupling.

In addition, a sofa block holder consisting of a first block and a second block, on which a sofa block including a tetrapod can be mounted on the upper surface, and which is horizontal to the sea floor; A protrusion that may be formed at the front end of the sofa block holder and is perpendicular to the sea floor; And it is formed on the sofa block holder, and includes a through-hole part in which a through hole is formed to prevent positive pressure from acting on the sofa block holder, and the first block has indentations formed on both sides of the sofa block holder. The second block includes protrusions formed on both sides of the sofa block holder, and the recesses of the first block and the protrusions of the second block are formed to correspond to each other, so that the sides of the first block and the second block are It includes enabling engagement, and is made of an elastic material to prevent damage to the first and second blocks when the recessed portion of the first block and the protrusion of the second block are engaged. It includes a buffer block that can be combined between the first block and the second block.

In addition, it is composed of a right-angle block, an acute-angle block, and an obtuse-angle block, and a sofa block including a tetrapod can be mounted on the upper surface. A sofa block holder that is horizontal to the sea floor; It can be formed at the front end of the sofa block holder, A protrusion perpendicular to sea level; And it is formed on the sofa block holder, and includes a through hole formed in order to prevent positive pressure from acting on the sofa block holder, and the right angle block is one in which the sofa block holder and the protrusion form a right angle. , acute-angle blocks include those in which the sofa block holder and the protrusion form an acute angle, and obtuse-angle blocks include those in which the sofa block holder and the protrusion form an obtuse angle.

In addition, right-angle blocks can be installed where the seafloor is flat, obtuse-angle blocks can be installed where the seafloor slopes in the direction of the revetment, and where the seafloor slopes in the direction opposite to the revetment. It further includes that an acute-angled block can be installed so that the protrusion can form a right angle to the sea surface regardless of the slope of the sea floor.

In addition, the lower side of the sofa block holder further includes a friction increasing portion in the form of a plurality of protrusions to increase friction with the sea floor.

According to the present invention, there is an effect of preventing loss of sofa blocks including tetrapods even in high waves caused by typhoons.

Figure 1 is a view showing the installation of a structure for preventing loss of sofa blocks including tetrapods according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 2 is a diagram showing the components of a structure for preventing loss of sofa blocks including tetrapods according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 3 is a view showing the installation of right-angle blocks, acute-angle blocks, and obtuse-angle blocks according to the slope of the sea floor;
Figure 4 is a view showing the pushing phenomenon of tetrapods when a structure to prevent loss of sofa blocks including tetrapods is not installed;
Figure 5 is a view showing that the pushing phenomenon is prevented when a structure for preventing loss of sofa blocks including tetrapods is installed.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. First, when adding reference numerals to components in each drawing, it should be noted that identical components are given the same reference numerals as much as possible even if they are shown in different drawings. Additionally, in describing the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of a related known configuration or function may obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description will be omitted. In addition, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below, but the technical idea of the present invention is not limited or restricted thereto, and of course, it can be modified and implemented in various ways by those skilled in the art.

Figure 1 is a view showing the installation of a structure for preventing loss of sofa blocks including tetrapods according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 2 is a view showing loss prevention of sofa blocks including tetrapods according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 is a diagram showing the components of the structure for the sea floor, Figure 3 is a diagram showing the installation of right-angle blocks, acute-angle blocks, and obtuse-angle blocks according to the slope of the sea floor, Figure 4 is a diagram showing the structure to prevent loss of sofa blocks including tetrapods is not installed. Figure 5 is a diagram showing the pushing phenomenon of tetrapods when not in use. Figure 5 is a drawing showing that the pushing phenomenon is prevented when a structure for preventing loss of sofa blocks including tetrapods is installed.

The structure for preventing loss of sofa blocks including tetrapods according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a first block and a second block or a right-angle block, an acute-angle block, and an obtuse-angle block, and each block includes a sofa block holder. It includes (100), a protruding part (200), a through hole (300), and a friction riser.

Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the sofa block holder 100 allows sofa blocks including tetrapods to be mounted on the upper surface and can be level with the sea floor.

The lower side of the sofa block holder 100 may be provided with a friction raising portion formed with a plurality of protrusions to increase friction with the sea floor and prevent the block from moving or moving due to the flow of seawater. The weight of the sofa block, including the tetrapod mounted on the upper surface of the sofa block holder, is concentrated on the plurality of protrusions, thereby increasing friction.

If the lower surface of the sofa block holder 100 is a smooth plane, there is a risk that the block may slip and be lost in the direction of the sea floor due to insufficient friction with the sea floor. However, if multiple protrusions are formed, the friction force with the sea floor is low. By increasing, these problems can be solved.

The protrusion 200 may be formed at the front end of the sofa block holder 100, can be perpendicular to the water surface, and can prevent the sofa block including the tetrapod mounted on the upper surface of the sofa block holder 100 from being lost. You can.

Depending on the angle formed by the protrusion 200 and the sofa block holder 100, it can be divided into right-angle blocks, acute-angle blocks, and obtuse-angle blocks. In the right-angle block, the sofa block holder 100 and the protrusion 200 form a right angle. In the acute-angle block, the sofa block holder 100 and the protrusion 200 form an acute angle, and in the obtuse-angle block, the sofa block holder 100 and the protrusion 200 form an obtuse angle.

If the seafloor on which the structure according to the present invention is installed is flat, right-angled blocks can be installed, and if the seafloor has a slope, acute-angle blocks and obtuse-angle blocks can be installed.

For example, referring to Figure 3, when the seafloor is inclined in the direction of the revetment, an obtuse-angle block can be installed, and an acute-angle block can be installed where the seafloor is inclined in the direction opposite to the revetment. .

Referring to Figure 3, the through hole 300 is formed in the sofa block holder 100, and in order to prevent positive pressure from acting on the sofa block holder 100, a through hole is formed through the sofa block holder. It is done.

The sofa block holder (100) is formed in the shape of a wide plate, so when placed in water, positive pressure acts on it and there is a risk of it floating in the water. Therefore, in order to prevent it from floating in the water due to the positive pressure, the sofa block holder (100) ) A through hole 300 is formed through the.

The first block has recesses formed on both sides of the sofa block holder 100, and the second block has protrusions formed on both sides of the sofa block holder 100.

The recessed portion formed in the first block and the protrusion formed in the second block are formed to correspond to each other, so that the sides of the first block and the second block can be engaged, and the first block and the second block In the case of engaging coupling, a buffer block made of an elastic material may be coupled between the first block and the second block to prevent damage to the first block and the second block.

Depending on the length of the revetment, a plurality of structures according to the present invention may be installed. When the side is flat without indentations and protrusions, the load on each structure is different, so structures that apply a lot of load may be pushed back. Problems may arise, but the structure of the present invention in which the first block in which the indented portion is formed and the second block in which the protrusion is formed are engaged is a structure in which a plurality of structures are engaged and combined with each other, so this problem can be solved.

In addition, the first and second blocks may slightly move due to the flow of seawater, and there is a risk that the first and second blocks may collide and be damaged due to the slight movement, so a buffer block is installed between the first and second blocks. Equipped with a solution, these concerns can be resolved.

Referring to Figures 4 and 5, as a result of testing using an experimental device that accumulated the size and weight at a scale of 50:1 of an actual tetrapod, the tetrapod was not lost at a design wave height of 11.5 cm, but was broken at a wave height exceeding the design wave height. When the structure for preventing loss of the sofa block including the tetrapod according to the present invention was not installed, the tetrapod broke away and slipped, but when the structure was installed, even when the wave height exceeded the design wave height was broken. It was confirmed that the tetrapod was not pushed out.

The above description is merely an illustrative explanation of the technical idea of the present invention, and various modifications, changes, and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention. will be. Accordingly, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention and the attached drawings are not intended to limit the technical idea of the present invention, but are for illustrative purposes, and the scope of the technical idea of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments and the attached drawings. . The scope of protection of the present invention should be interpreted in accordance with the claims below, and all technical ideas within the equivalent scope should be construed as being included in the scope of rights of the present invention.

100 - sofa block holder 200 - protrusion
300 - General Study Department

Claims (6)

A sofa block including a tetrapod can be mounted on the upper surface, and a sofa block holder that is level with the sea floor;
A protrusion that may be formed at the front end of the sofa block holder and is perpendicular to the sea floor; and
It is formed in the sofa block holder, and a through hole is formed in order to prevent positive pressure from acting on the sofa block holder.
A structure for preventing loss of sofa blocks including tetrapods. It consists of a first block and a second block,
A sofa block including a tetrapod can be mounted on the upper surface, and a sofa block holder that is level with the sea floor;
A protrusion that may be formed at the front end of the sofa block holder and is perpendicular to the sea floor; and
It is formed in the sofa block holder, and a through hole is formed in order to prevent positive pressure from acting on the sofa block holder.
Includes,
The first block has indentations formed on both sides of the sofa block holder,
The second block has protrusions formed on both sides of the sofa block holder.
Including,
The recessed portion of the first block and the protrusion of the second block are formed to correspond to each other so that the sides of the first block and the second block can be engaged and joined.
A structure for preventing loss of sofa blocks including tetrapods, further comprising: It consists of a first block and a second block,
A sofa block including a tetrapod can be mounted on the upper surface, and a sofa block holder that is level with the sea floor;
A protrusion that may be formed at the front end of the sofa block holder and is perpendicular to the sea floor; and
It is formed in the sofa block holder, and a through hole is formed in order to prevent positive pressure from acting on the sofa block holder.
Includes,
The first block has indentations formed on both sides of the sofa block holder,
The second block has protrusions formed on both sides of the sofa block holder.
Including,
The recessed portion of the first block and the protrusion of the second block are formed to correspond to each other so that the sides of the first block and the second block can be engaged.
Includes,
When the recessed part of the first block and the protrusion of the second block are engaged and joined, it is made of an elastic material to prevent damage to the first block and the second block, and is connected between the first block and the second block. buffer block that can be
A structure for preventing loss of sofa blocks including tetrapods. It consists of a right-angle block, an acute-angle block, and an obtuse-angle block.
A sofa block including a tetrapod can be mounted on the upper surface, and a sofa block holder that is level with the sea floor;
A protrusion that may be formed at the front end of the sofa block holder and is perpendicular to the sea level; and
It is formed in the sofa block holder, and a through hole is formed in order to prevent positive pressure from acting on the sofa block holder.
Includes,
A right-angle block is one in which the sofa block holder and the protrusion form a right angle.
An acute-angled block is one in which the sofa block holder and the protrusion form an acute angle, and
An obtuse angle block is one in which the sofa block holder and the protrusion form an obtuse angle.
A structure for preventing loss of sofa blocks, including tetrapods. According to clause 4,
Right-angle blocks can be installed where the seafloor is flat.
Obtuse angle blocks can be installed in places where the seafloor slopes in the direction of the revetment.
Acute-angled blocks can be installed in places where the seafloor slopes in the opposite direction of the revetment.
Allowing the protrusion to form a right angle to the sea level regardless of the slope of the sea floor.
A structure for preventing loss of sofa blocks including tetrapods, further comprising: According to clause 5,
The lower side of the sofa block holder is formed with multiple protrusive friction increasing parts to increase friction with the sea floor.
A structure for preventing loss of sofa blocks including tetrapods, further comprising: