KR20230124438A - Liquid extinguishing agents for extinguishing metal fires - Google Patents
Liquid extinguishing agents for extinguishing metal fires Download PDFInfo
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- fire extinguishing
- extinguishing agent
- fires
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 abstract description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000008275 solid aerosol Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0028—Liquid extinguishing substances
- A62D1/0035—Aqueous solutions
- A62D1/0042—"Wet" water, i.e. containing surfactant
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
본 발명은 금속화재 진압를 목적으로 개발된 액상 소화제에 관한 것으로서, 더욱 상세하게는 리튬(Li)계 배터리의 화재에 특히 유용할 뿐만아니라 마그네슘, 칼륨, 나트륨 등 금속물질의 화재를 신속히 진압할 수 있고 건조사나 질석 등과 같은 분상 소화제의 단점을 보완한 액상 소화제에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a liquid fire extinguishing agent developed for the purpose of suppressing metal fires, and more particularly, is particularly useful for fires of lithium (Li) batteries, and can quickly extinguish fires of metal materials such as magnesium, potassium, sodium, etc. It relates to a liquid fire extinguishing agent that compensates for the disadvantages of powder fire extinguishing agents such as dry sand or vermiculite.
최근 공업의 발달로 자동차 산업분야를 비롯한 전 산업분야에서 2차 전지(배터리)의 사용이 확대되고 있는데, 이와 관련한 화재가 빈번하게 발생하고 있어서 인적, 물적, 재산상의 피해가 확대되고 있는 실정이다.Recently, with the development of industry, the use of secondary batteries (batteries) is expanding in all industrial fields including the automobile industry, and fires related to this are frequently occurring, resulting in human, material, and property damage.
따라서, 2차 전지 관련화재의 발생 시 적절한 대책의 마련이 다방면으로 제안되고 있으나, 소기의 목적을 달성하기에는 미흡한 실정이다. 더욱이, 배터리의 성능제고를 위하여 그래핀(graphene) 복합 음극제를 개발중이기 때문에 화재발생에 대한 우려가 더욱 높아지고 있다. 특히, 그래핀은 2차 전지(ESS)의 음극제로 사용함으로 리튬이온전지 성능을 향상시키는 큰장점이 있으나, 2차 전지의 구조상 리튬이 수분과의 민감한 반응 또는 이상발생으로 인한 열로 고온상태가 되어 가연성 가스가 발생되어 화재의 원인을 제공하게 되고 또한 전해질의 누설과 분리막 파괴로 고온(170℃~180℃) 발생이 유발되면 심한 경우 폭발의 위험성도 있다. 음극제인 그래핀 역시 500℃부근이 발화점으로 리튬배터리의 안전적인 기능을 유지와 화재방지를 위하여 과충전은 금물이고, 특히 전해질은 열에 민감하여 강한 전류나 고온상태에 노출되면 가연성 가스와 열을 발생시켜서 화재나 폭발의 원인을 제공할수 있기 때문에, 과충전, 물과의 접촉, 물리적, 전기적 충격으로부터 안전관리가 어려워, 항상 화재발생에 대한 우려가 높아지고 있다.Therefore, although preparation of appropriate countermeasures in the event of a secondary battery-related fire has been proposed in many ways, it is insufficient to achieve the intended purpose. Moreover, since a graphene composite negative electrode is being developed to improve battery performance, concerns about fire occurrence are further increasing. In particular, graphene has the great advantage of improving the performance of lithium ion batteries by being used as an anode for secondary batteries (ESS). Inflammable gas is generated to provide a cause of fire, and in severe cases, there is a risk of explosion when a high temperature (170° C. to 180° C.) is induced due to electrolyte leakage and separator destruction. Graphene, an anode material, also has an ignition point around 500℃, so overcharging is prohibited to maintain the safe function of lithium batteries and prevent fire. Since it can provide a cause of fire or explosion, it is difficult to manage safety from overcharging, contact with water, and physical and electrical shock, so there is always a growing concern about fire occurrence.
산업안전과 관련한 화재 분류기준에 따르면, Ａ급 화재~Ｄ급 화재중 2차 전지 관련화재는 Ｄ급 화재에 해당하는 것으로, D급 화재는 마그네슘, 나트륨, 칼륨, 지르코늄과 같은 금속화재이다.According to the fire classification standards related to occupational safety, among Class A fires to Class D fires, secondary battery-related fires fall under Class D fires, and Class D fires are metal fires such as magnesium, sodium, potassium, and zirconium.
금속화재 발생 시 이를 진압하기 위하여 물(H2O)을 사용하게 되면, 금속과 물이 반응하여 수소를 발생시키기 때문에 화재를 폭발적으로 확산시켜서 큰 피해를 유발할 수 있다. 그러므로, D급 화재를 진압하기 위해 현재까지 사용되고 있는 방식으로는 소화제로서 건조모래, 질석, 흑연 등을 분사하여 공기와의 접촉을 차단하는 것이었다. When water (H 2 O) is used to extinguish a metal fire, it can cause great damage by explosively spreading the fire because the metal and water react to generate hydrogen. Therefore, the method used so far to extinguish Class D fires has been to block contact with air by spraying dry sand, vermiculite, graphite, etc. as fire extinguishing agents.
그런데, 대부분의 금속화재는 1,300℃∼3,000℃의 고온이고 화재 발생부위의 제품형상이 복잡하기 때문에 미세분말로 완전히 차단하기에는 어려움이 많아서 초기진화에 애로가 많았다. However, since most metal fires have a high temperature of 1,300 ℃ ~ 3,000 ℃ and the product shape of the fire occurrence part is complicated, it is difficult to completely block it with fine powder, so there were many difficulties in extinguishing in the early stages.
금속화재를 진압하기 위한 조성물로서 과거에는 Na2CO3, NaCl, 흑연 등이 주 원료로 사용되어 왔으나, 최근들어 SiO2가 주 원료인 소화제 개발이 진행되어 왔다. As a composition for suppressing metal fires, Na 2 CO 3 , NaCl, graphite, etc. have been used as main raw materials in the past, but recently, development of fire extinguishing agents using SiO 2 as the main raw material has been progressed.
이와 같은 추세에 맞추어 관련업계에서는 금속화재를 화재를 진압하는데 효과적인 소화제를 개발하기 위한 연구들이 활발히 이루어지고 있다. In line with this trend, research to develop an effective extinguishing agent for extinguishing a metal fire has been actively conducted in the related industry.
예를 들면, 대한민국 등록특허 제10-2064416호(등록일자: 2020년 1월 3일)에는 리튬계 배터리 화재 진압용 소화제가 개시되어 있는데, 이 특허는 일반적인 분말소화제로는 쉽게 진압하기 어려운 ESS의 화재를 진압하기 위해서, 리튬계 배터리에서 화재가 발생하였을 경우에 고체에어로졸 소화기부로부터 고체에어로졸 소화제를 소화가스로 기화시켜 분사한 후, 분말소화제를 분사하고 다음에는 액상소화제를 분사하는 방식을 취하고 있다. For example, Korean Patent Registration No. 10-2064416 (Registration Date: January 3, 2020) discloses a fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing a lithium-based battery fire. In order to extinguish the fire, when a fire breaks out in a lithium-based battery, a solid aerosol extinguishing agent is vaporized and sprayed from the solid aerosol extinguisher unit as extinguishing gas, then powder extinguishing agent is sprayed, and then liquid extinguishing agent is sprayed. .
그런데, 상기 특허에서는, 인산암모늄과 흑연 및 실리카를 포함하는 분말소화제와, 질산칼륨(KNO3)과 에폭시 레진 및 촉매 등을 포함하는 고체에어로졸 소화제와, 중탄산칼륨과 인산암모늄 및 계면활성제를 포함하는 액상소화제를 조합하여 금속화재를 진압하기 위한 화재진압용 조성물로서 사용하고 있기 때문에, 경제성이 낮고 범용성 및 확장성이 떨어지는 문제점이 있었다.However, in the above patent, a powder extinguishing agent containing ammonium phosphate, graphite, and silica, a solid aerosol extinguishing agent containing potassium nitrate (KNO 3 ), epoxy resin, and a catalyst, and potassium bicarbonate, ammonium phosphate, and a surfactant. Since it is used as a fire extinguishing composition for extinguishing metal fires by combining liquid fire extinguishing agents, there are problems with low economic feasibility and low versatility and scalability.
다음으로, 대한민국 특허등록 제10-2152565호(등록일자: 2020년 8월 31일)에는 에너지 저장장치의 화재 소화방법이 개시되어 있는데, 상기 특허에서는 리튬이온 배터리를 포함하는 에너지 저장장치의 화재발생 시 배터리 소화물질로서 액상 고분자탄화수소를 분사하고 표면화재 소화제로서 이산화탄소 소화제를 사용한다. Next, Korean Patent Registration No. 10-2152565 (registration date: August 31, 2020) discloses a method for extinguishing a fire in an energy storage device. In the above patent, a fire in an energy storage device including a lithium ion battery In case of battery extinguishing, liquid polymer hydrocarbon is sprayed and carbon dioxide extinguishing agent is used as surface fire extinguishing agent.
그런데, 상기 특허에서 사용되는 배터리 소화물질은 금속화재의 진압 효과가 상대적으로 떨어지며, 액상 고분자탄화수소와 이산화탄소 소화제를 조합하여 사용해야 하기 때문에 경제성이 낮고 범용성 및 확장성이 떨어지는 문제점이 있었다.However, the battery extinguishing material used in the above patent has a problem of low economic feasibility, low versatility and scalability because it has a relatively low extinguishing effect on metal fires and must use a combination of liquid polymeric hydrocarbon and carbon dioxide extinguishing agent.
이에 따라, 금속물질의 화재를 신속히 진압할 수 있고 기존 소화제의 단점을 보환한 새로운 금속화재 진압용 액상 소화제의 개발 필요성이 대두하였다. Accordingly, the need to develop a new liquid fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing metal fires that can quickly extinguish metal fires and compensate for the disadvantages of existing fire extinguishing agents has emerged.
본 발명이 해결하고자 하는 기술적 과제는, 리튬(Li)계 배터리의 화재에 특히 유용할 뿐만아니라 마그네슘, 칼륨, 나트륨 등 금속물질의 화재를 신속히 진압할 수 있는 액상 소화제를 제공하려는 것이다.The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a liquid fire extinguishing agent that is particularly useful for fires of lithium (Li)-based batteries and can quickly extinguish fires of metal materials such as magnesium, potassium, and sodium.
또한, 본 발명이 해결하고자 하는 기술적 과제는, 겨울철 저온인 -35℃에서도 동결되지 않는 사계절 사용이 가능한 액상 소화ㅏ제를 제공하려는 것이다. In addition, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a liquid fire extinguishing agent that can be used all year round that does not freeze even at a low temperature of -35 ° C in winter.
전술한 바와 같은 기술적 과제를 해결하기 위해서, 본 발명은,In order to solve the technical problem as described above, the present invention,
디프로필렌글리콜(Dipropylene glycol) 65중량%∼80중량%를 주성분으로 하고, 이에 미세분말상의 탄산칼륨 10중량%∼15중량%, 염화나트륨 5중량%∼10중량%, 계면활성제 2중량%, 및 물 3중량%∼10중량%를 혼합하여 제조하는 것을 특징으로 하는 금속화재 진압용 액상 소화제를 제공한다. 65% to 80% by weight of dipropylene glycol as a main component, 10% to 15% by weight of potassium carbonate in fine powder, 5% to 10% by weight of sodium chloride, 2% by weight of a surfactant, and water It provides a liquid fire extinguishing agent for suppressing metal fires, characterized in that it is prepared by mixing 3% by weight to 10% by weight.
본 발명에 따르면, 상기 디프로필렌글리콜 대신에, 동일계의 에틸렌글리콜, 모노에틸렌글리콜, 또는 프로필렌글리콜을 동일 비율로 혼합하는 것을 특징으로 한다.According to the present invention, it is characterized in that ethylene glycol, monoethylene glycol, or propylene glycol of the same system is mixed in the same ratio instead of the dipropylene glycol.
본 발명에 따르면, 상기 탄산칼륨 대신에, 중탄산칼륨, 탄산나트륨 또는 탄산칼슘을 동일 비율로 혼합하는 것을 특징으로 한다.According to the present invention, it is characterized in that potassium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate or calcium carbonate is mixed in the same ratio instead of the potassium carbonate.
본 발명에 따르면, 상기 염화나트륨 대신에, 염화칼슘을 동일 비율로 혼합하는 것을 특징으로 한다.According to the present invention, it is characterized in that calcium chloride is mixed in the same ratio instead of the sodium chloride.
본 발명에 따르면, 상기 계면활성제는 음이온 계면활성제, 양이온 계면활성제, 비이온 계면활성제, 양쪽성 계면활성제, 및 이의 혼합물로 이루어진 그룹으로부터 선택되는 것을 특징으로 한다. According to the present invention, the surfactant is characterized in that it is selected from the group consisting of anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, and mixtures thereof.
바람직하게는, 상기 계면활성제는 음이온 계면활성제로 이루어진다. Preferably, the surfactant consists of an anionic surfactant.
이상에서 언급한 바와 같이, 본 발명에 따르면, 기존 분말 소화제의 단점을 개선하기 위하여, 탄산칼륨(K2CO3)과, 염화나트륨(NaCl) 및 액상의 디프로필렌글리콜(Dipropylene glycol)을 중심으로한 액상 소화제를 제공함으로써, 리튬(Li)계 배터리를 비롯하여 인화성 금속의 화재를 신속하고 효과적으로 진압할 수 있으므로, 금속화재로 인한 재산상의 피해를 막을 수 있다. 또한, 건조사나 질석 등과 같은 기존 분말 소화제 사용시 소화장비의 기능상실우려는 물론 주변설비의 사후청소 등과 같은 2차 피해를 최소화 할 수 있다. 게다가, 본 발명에 따른 액상 소화제는 -35℃와 같은 저온에서도 동결되지 않기 때문에 사계절용으로 사용하기에 적합하다.As mentioned above, according to the present invention, in order to improve the disadvantages of the existing powder fire extinguishing agent, potassium carbonate (K 2 CO 3 ), sodium chloride (NaCl) and liquid dipropylene glycol are mainly used. By providing a liquid fire extinguishing agent, it is possible to quickly and effectively extinguish fires of flammable metals, including lithium (Li)-based batteries, so that property damage due to metal fires can be prevented. In addition, when using an existing powder fire extinguishing agent such as a dryer or vermiculite, it is possible to minimize secondary damage such as post-cleaning of peripheral facilities as well as fear of functional loss of fire extinguishing equipment. In addition, the liquid fire extinguishing agent according to the present invention is suitable for use in all seasons because it does not freeze even at a low temperature such as -35 ° C.
하기에서는 본 발명의 바람직한 실시 예에 따른 금속화재 진압용 액상 소화제에 대해서 상세하게 설명한다. Hereinafter, a liquid fire extinguishing agent for suppressing metal fires according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.
본 발명에 따르면, 기존에 개발된 금속화재 진압용 소화제에 비해서 금속물질의 화재를 신속히 진압할 수 있고 경제성 및 범용성이 우수한 금속화재 진압용 액상 소화제를 개발하였다. According to the present invention, a liquid fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing metal fires, which can quickly extinguish metal fires and has excellent economic feasibility and versatility, has been developed compared to previously developed fire extinguishing agents for metal fires.
이를 위해서, 본 발명에서는, 기존 분말 소화제의 단점을 개선하기 위하여, 화재시 발생하는 열에 의한 열분해 반응으로 이산화탄소(CO2)를 발생시키는 탄산칼륨(K2CO3)과, 흡열반응으로 인화점을 저하시키는 염화나트륨(NaCl) 및 200℃ 부근에서 열분해되어 이산화탄소를 발생시키고 흡열반응을 하는 액상의 디프로필렌글리콜을 중심으로한 액상 소화제를 제공하는 것이다.To this end, in the present invention, in order to improve the disadvantages of existing powder fire extinguishing agents, potassium carbonate (K 2 CO 3 ) that generates carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) by thermal decomposition reaction due to heat generated during a fire and lowering the flash point through an endothermic reaction It is to provide a liquid fire extinguishing agent centered on sodium chloride (NaCl) and liquid dipropylene glycol that thermally decomposes at around 200 ° C to generate carbon dioxide and undergoes an endothermic reaction.
먼저, 본 발명에 따른 금속화재 진압용 액상 소화제의 주요성분으로서 사용되는 디프로필렌글리콜(Dipropylene glycol)은, 아래 구조식에서 볼 수 있는 바와 같이, 프로필렌글리콜 두 개가 결합한 고분자 성분으로서, 무색 무취의 성분으로 히드록시기(OH)가 2개가 있고, 탄소수 6개로 비교적 적기때문에 물과 잘섞이는 친수성을 나타낸다. First, dipropylene glycol, which is used as the main component of the liquid fire extinguisher for extinguishing metal fires according to the present invention, is a polymer component in which two propylene glycols are combined, as shown in the structural formula below, and is a colorless and odorless component. It has two hydroxyl groups (OH) and has relatively few carbon atoms, so it shows hydrophilicity that mixes well with water.
본 발명에 따른 금속화재 진압용 액상 소화제는, 디프로필렌글리콜(Dipropylene glycol) 65중량%∼80중량%를 주성분으로 하고, 이에 미세분말상의 탄산칼륨 10중량%∼15중량%, 염화나트륨 5중량%∼10중량%, 계면활성제 2중량%, 및 물 3중량%∼10중량%를 혼합하여 제조하는 것을 특징으로 한다.The liquid fire extinguishing agent for suppressing metal fires according to the present invention contains 65% to 80% by weight of dipropylene glycol as a main component, 10% to 15% by weight of potassium carbonate in fine powder form, and 5% by weight of sodium chloride. It is characterized in that it is prepared by mixing 10% by weight, 2% by weight of a surfactant, and 3% by weight to 10% by weight of water.
본 발명에 따르면, 주요성분인 상기 디프로필렌글리콜 대신에 동일계의 에틸렌글리콜, 모노에틸렌글리콜, 또는 프로필렌글리콜을 동일 비율로 혼합할 수도 있다.According to the present invention, ethylene glycol, monoethylene glycol, or propylene glycol of the same system may be mixed in the same ratio instead of the main component, dipropylene glycol.
또한, 본 발명에 따르면, 상기 탄산칼륨 대신에 중탄산칼륨, 탄산나트륨, 또는 탄산칼슘을 동일 비율로 혼합할 수도 있다. Also, according to the present invention, potassium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, or calcium carbonate may be mixed in the same ratio instead of the potassium carbonate.
또한, 본 발명에 따르면, 상기 염화나트륨 대신에 염화칼슘을 동일 비율로 혼합할 수도 있다. In addition, according to the present invention, calcium chloride may be mixed in the same ratio instead of the sodium chloride.
또한, 본 발명에 따르면, 상기 계면활성제는 음이온 계면활성제, 양이온 계면활성제, 비이온 계면활성제, 양쪽성 계면활성제, 및 이의 혼합물로 이루어진 그룹으로부터 선택될 수 있다. 바람직하게는, 상기 계면활성제는 음이온 계면활성제를 혼합한다.Further, according to the present invention, the surfactant may be selected from the group consisting of anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, and mixtures thereof. Preferably, the surfactant is mixed with an anionic surfactant.
이상에서 언급한 바와 같이, 본 발명에 따르면, 탄산칼륨(K2CO3)과, 염화나트륨(NaCl) 및 액상의 디프로필렌글리콜(Dipropylene glycol)을 중심으로한 액상 소화제를 제공함으로써, 리튬(Li)계 배터리를 비롯하여 인화성 금속의 화재를 신속하고 효과적으로 진압할 수 있다. As mentioned above, according to the present invention, by providing a liquid fire extinguishing agent based on potassium carbonate (K 2 CO 3 ), sodium chloride (NaCl) and liquid dipropylene glycol, It can quickly and effectively extinguish fires of flammable metals, including system batteries.
또한, 본 발명에 따라 제조된 액상 소화제는 -35℃와 같은 저온에서도 동결되지 않기 때문에 사계절용으로 사용하기에 적합하다.In addition, the liquid fire extinguishing agent prepared according to the present invention is suitable for use in all seasons because it does not freeze even at a low temperature such as -35 ° C.
상기에서는 본 발명의 바람직한 실시 예를 참조하여 설명하였지만, 해당 기술분야의 숙련된 당업자는 하기의 특허청구범위에 기재된 본 발명의 사상 및 영역으로부터 벗어나지 않는 범위 내에서 본 발명을 다양하게 수정 및 변경시킬 수 있음을 이해할 수 있을 것이다 Although the above has been described with reference to preferred embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can variously modify and change the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention described in the claims below. you will understand that you can
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| KR102152565B1 (en) | 2020-03-19 | 2020-09-07 | 주식회사 비티엑스엔펌 | Fire extinguishing method and fire extinguishing system for energy storage device |
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| KR102152565B1 (en) | 2020-03-19 | 2020-09-07 | 주식회사 비티엑스엔펌 | Fire extinguishing method and fire extinguishing system for energy storage device |
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