KR20230123780A - Preparation of water soluble fertilizer for smartfarm to grow sprout ginseng - Google Patents

Preparation of water soluble fertilizer for smartfarm to grow sprout ginseng Download PDF

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KR20230123780A
KR20230123780A KR1020220020989A KR20220020989A KR20230123780A KR 20230123780 A KR20230123780 A KR 20230123780A KR 1020220020989 A KR1020220020989 A KR 1020220020989A KR 20220020989 A KR20220020989 A KR 20220020989A KR 20230123780 A KR20230123780 A KR 20230123780A
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nutrient solution
water
minerals
cultivation
soluble
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KR1020220020989A
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Korean (ko)
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최승욱
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주식회사 나래트랜드
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
    • C05G5/27—Dispersions, e.g. suspensions or emulsions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
    • C05F11/10—Fertilisers containing plant vitamins or hormones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G1/00—Mixtures of fertilisers belonging individually to different subclasses of C05
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A01G2031/006—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics with means for recycling the nutritive solution

Abstract

본 발명은 스마트팜에서 재배되는 특화작물 중 하나인 새싹 인삼의 재배에 활용될 수 있는 수용선 양액 비료 조성물, 그를 이용한 작물의 재배방법에 관한 것이다.
보다 자세하게는 스마트팜에서 재배되는 특화작물 중 하나인 새싹 인삼 재배 전용 수용성 양액의 제조에 관한 것으로, 스마트팜에 전용으로 사용되는 수용성 양액의 제조에 관한 것이다. 본 특허에서의 수용성 양액은 스마트팜에서 활용 시 관주로 막힘의 문제점이 없으며, 양액의 흡수를 촉진시킴으로서 식물의 생장 속도 증진을 통해 작물의 생산성을 향상시킬 수 있다.The present invention relates to a water-line nutrient solution fertilizer composition that can be used for the cultivation of sprout ginseng, which is one of the specialized crops grown in smart farms, and a crop cultivation method using the same.
More specifically, it relates to the manufacture of a water-soluble nutrient solution exclusively for sprout ginseng cultivation, one of the specialized crops grown in smart farms, and to the manufacture of water-soluble nutrient solution exclusively used for smart farms. The water-soluble nutrient solution in this patent does not have the problem of clogging with drench when used in smart farms, and by promoting the absorption of nutrient solution, it is possible to improve the productivity of crops by increasing the growth rate of plants.

Description

새싹 인삼재배를 위한 스마트팜용 수용성 양액 제조 기술{Preparation of water soluble fertilizer for smartfarm to grow sprout ginseng}Water-soluble nutrient solution manufacturing technology for smart farm for sprout ginseng cultivation {Preparation of water soluble fertilizer for smartfarm to grow sprout ginseng}

본 발명은 스마트팜에서 재배되는 특화작물 중 하나인 새싹 인삼의 재배에 활용될 수 있는 수용선 양액 비료 조성물, 그를 이용한 작물의 재배방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a water-line nutrient solution fertilizer composition that can be used for the cultivation of sprout ginseng, which is one of the specialized crops grown in smart farms, and a crop cultivation method using the same.

작물은 종류나 품종에 따라 최적의 생장을 나타내는 미네랄의 적정범위가 다르고 필수 미네랄들이 적절한 공급될 때 생육이 유수하며, 뿌리로부터 흡수되는 미네랄이 적절한 양보다 부족하거나 과잉될 때에 독특한 증상이줄기, 뿌리 등에 나타난다[Bennett, 1993;Nelson, 2003] 양액 재배가 실용화된 이후 생육단계별 합리적인 작물별 양액 관리 방법을 개발하기 위한 많은 노력을 해왔으며, 현재 사용되고 있는 대표적인 양액의 종류는 일본 원시 양액을 기초로 작성한 한국 원시 양액, 역경Depending on the type or variety of crops, the appropriate range of minerals that indicate optimal growth is different, and growth is excellent when essential minerals are properly supplied, and unique symptoms occur when minerals absorbed from the roots are insufficient or exceeded in an appropriate amount. [Bennett, 1993; Nelson, 2003] Since nutrient solution cultivation was put into practical use, great efforts have been made to develop nutrient solution management methods for each crop that are reasonable for each growth stage. Korean raw nutrient solution, Yeokgyeong

재배를 대상으로 작성한 일본 원시 양액, 식물이 흡수하는 양분과 물의 흡수 비율을 기초로 작성한 야마자키 양액[山崎, 1984], 배지의 유무에 따라 작성한 네덜란드 온실작물연구소 양액[Sonneveld and Straver, 1992] 등을 기초로 하는 작물별 양액이 다양하게 개발되고 있다. 국내외 시설원예산업에서 사용되는 전용 양액 비료는 물에 용해시키는 경우 침전되는 현상이 심하게 발생하기 때문에, 일반적으로는 A액, B액으로 분리된 전용 양액 비료 조성물을 각각 용해한 후, 고가의 전용 양액공급장치를 혼합하여 작물에 공급하는 방법이 일반적이다. 이를 해결하기 위해 작물별 특성이 고려되고 고품질 및 생산성이 높은 전용 양액 연구[Gyonggi ARES, 2002]와 관비재배개술[NIHA, 2003] 및 이를 공급하기 위한 양액공급시스템[NHRI, 2006]이 연계되는 제품화 연구가 진행되고 있다.Original Japanese nutrient solution prepared for cultivation, Yamazaki nutrient solution based on the ratio of nutrient and water absorbed by plants [Yamazaki, 1984], nutrient solution prepared by the Netherlands Greenhouse Crop Research Institute [Sonneveld and Straver, 1992], etc. A variety of nutrient solutions for each crop based on them have been developed. Dedicated nutrient solution fertilizers used in domestic and foreign facility horticulture industry cause severe precipitation when dissolved in water, so in general, after dissolving the exclusive nutrient solution fertilizer composition separated into A solution and B solution, expensive exclusive nutrient solution is supplied A method of supplying crops by mixing the device is common. In order to solve this problem, research on high-quality and high-productivity nutrient solution considering the characteristics of each crop [Gyonggi ARES, 2002], fertilization cultivation technique [NIHA, 2003], and commercialization that links the nutrient solution supply system to supply it [NHRI, 2006] Research is ongoing.

본 발명은 스마트팜에서 재배되는 작물에 대한 수용성 양액의 제조 기술에 관한 것이다. 특히 양액 재배에 사용되는 배양액 및 그 제조 방법에 관한 것이다. 최근 시설 채 및 특화작물의 재배가 증가함에 따라 양액 재배에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 양액 재배는 작물의 생육에 필요한 물과 양분을 토양에서 공급받는 것이 아니고, 양분을 적당한 비율로 물에 용해시킨 배양액을 만들어 산소와 함께 공급하면서 작물 재배에 활용하는 방법이다. The present invention relates to a manufacturing technology of a water-soluble nutrient solution for crops grown in a smart farm. In particular, it relates to a culture medium used for nutrient solution cultivation and a manufacturing method thereof. As the cultivation of greenhouses and specialized crops has recently increased, interest in nutrient solution cultivation is increasing. Nutrient culture is a method in which water and nutrients necessary for the growth of crops are not supplied from the soil, but a culture medium in which nutrients are dissolved in water in an appropriate ratio is made and supplied together with oxygen to be used for crop cultivation.

그러나 스마트팜에 활용되는 양액은 무기물로 이루어져 있어 침전이 발생함으로써 양액을 작물이 활용하는데 흡수에 문제점이 있다. 따라서 본발명에서는 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 수용성 양액을 제조하기 위한 발명을 수행하였다.However, since the nutrient solution used in smart farms is composed of inorganic materials, there is a problem in absorbing the nutrient solution for use by crops due to precipitation. Therefore, in the present invention, an invention for preparing a water-soluble nutrient solution was performed to solve these problems.

상기와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 본 발명의 목적은 수용성 양액을 제조하는 기술을 완성함으로써 식물의 생장 속도를 촉진시켜 농작물의 생산성을 향상시키기 위한 수용성 양액 및 그 제조 방법을 제공하는데 있다.In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a water-soluble nutrient solution and a method for preparing the same for improving the productivity of crops by accelerating the growth rate of plants by completing a technology for producing a water-soluble nutrient solution.

상기 발명에 따라 제조된 수용성 양액을 스마트팜에 활용할 경우, 침전으로 인해 발생 가능한 관주로이 막힘이나 작물로의 흡수를 증진시켜 스마트팜에서 재배되는 작물의 생장을 증진시킬 수 있다.When the water-soluble nutrient solution prepared according to the above invention is used in smart farms, it is possible to enhance the growth of crops grown in smart farms by enhancing clogging or absorption into crops by irrigation that may occur due to precipitation.

도 1은 수용성(유기태화) 미네럴의 생성 예측 모델이고,
도 2는 수용성 미네럴 제조 공정이다.1 is a production prediction model of water-soluble (organic passivation) minerals,
2 is a water-soluble mineral manufacturing process.

상기 발명을 완성하기 위해 발명자들은 양액의 수용성을 증진시키기 위한 연구를 수행하였고, 그 내용을 실시예를 통해 제시한다.In order to complete the above invention, the inventors have conducted research to improve the water solubility of the nutrient solution, and the contents are presented through examples.

양액용 기질의 선발Selection of Substrates for Nutrient Solution

본 연구에서는 미네랄 킬레이팅 능력을 증가시키면서 작물별 필요로 하는 미네랄을 킬레이트 시킬 수 있는 후보 기질로 선발된 핵산(GMP, guanison 5'-monophosphate)와 비타민 C(L-ascorbic acid)를 평가하였고 평가기준은 선발 미네랄의 포화도와 수용성(비침전)을 기준으로 평가한 결과는 다음과 같다. 핵산은 “식품첨가제(식품공전 등재, 식약처)”로 등재(인체 안전성 확보) 되어 있음과, 기 보고된 “핵산류의 다기능성(생장, 면역증진, 질병예방 등)” 관련 사전분석을 통하여 선발소재가 연구개발 방향설정에 따라 그 용도용법 및 적용성 또한 무궁무진할 수 있음에 주목하였다. 선발 핵산은 생체흡수와 직접 관련되는 수용성과 분자량(MW: 500이하)“를 다량함유하고 있음에 크게 주목하고 선행 미네랄과 핵산류별 킬레이팅 능력을 평가하여 보았더니 역시 그 가능성이 충분함을 파악하였으나 작물별 필요로 하는 미네랄의 최대 포화도를 넘어서서 침전을 약간 발생시켰다. 선발된 미네랄류를 원료로 기본으로 킬레이트제인 비타민 C를 이용하여 킬레이트시킨 개발 킬레이트 미네랄 비료 2종의 포화도는 선발 미네랄류를 충분해 포함시켰으며 침전되지 않는 성상을 보였다. 초세, 결실의 NPK 함유량(%)은 각각 18.9 : 3.14 : 3.97과 7.14 : 2.93 : 23.6이었으며, 10종류의 무기 미네랄류가 포함되었으며(Table 3) 제조된 비료류의 무기원소 평가결과 10종의 무기 원소가 함유되어 있었다(Table 5). 따라서 앞서 제조된 GMP-Ringer 보다 선발 미네랄이 충분히 함유될 수 있는 포화도를 유지하면서 수용성(비침전)을 나타내어 본 연구의 킬레이트제는 비타민 C로 선발하였다. In this study, nucleic acid (GMP, guanison 5'-monophosphate) and vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) selected as candidate substrates that can chelate minerals required for each crop while increasing the mineral chelating ability were evaluated. The results of evaluation based on saturation and water solubility (non-precipitation) of selected silver minerals are as follows. Nucleic acids are listed as “food additives (listed in the Food Codex Codex, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety)” (ensure human safety), and through preliminary analysis related to previously reported “multifunctionality (growth, immunity enhancement, disease prevention, etc.) of nucleic acids” It was noted that the use and applicability of the selected material can be infinite depending on the direction of research and development. Paying close attention to the fact that the selected nucleic acid contains a large amount of water and molecular weight (MW: 500 or less) that is directly related to bioabsorption, and evaluating the chelating ability of each nucleic acid type and prior mineral, it was found that the possibility was sufficient. Slight precipitation occurred beyond the maximum saturation of minerals required by the crop. The saturation of the two developed chelated mineral fertilizers, which were chelated using vitamin C as a chelating agent based on selected minerals as raw materials, contained enough selected minerals and showed non-precipitated properties. The NPK content (%) of seedlings and fruiting plants was 18.9 : 3.14 : 3.97 and 7.14 : 2.93 : 23.6, respectively, and 10 types of inorganic minerals were included (Table 3). was included (Table 5). Therefore, vitamin C was selected as the chelating agent in this study because it showed water solubility (non-precipitation) while maintaining saturation that can sufficiently contain the selected minerals than the previously prepared GMP-Ringer.

비타민 C를 기질로 하는 양액 제조Manufacture of nutrient solution with vitamin C as substrate

비타민 C를 기질로 하여 제조된 유기태화 비료류의 유기태화 반응 후의 성상평가 및 최종 제조된 비료류의 생산효율을 평가한 결과이다. 대조로서 무기태 미네랄만을 용해 시 미네랄간의 반응으로 인해 침전하여 용해성이 현저히 떨어지는 것은 확인하였다. 비타민 C에 무기태 미네랄을 킬레이트 시킴으로서 용해성을 높여 비침전, 비응고, 비부착, 비부유, 비겔화되는 비침전형 전용양액 비료가 개발되었음을 확인하였다. 또한 액상 AGH-Ringer 초세와 AGH-Ringer 결실의 색상은 각각 진한갈색과 옅은 갈색을 띄었다. 생산수율 평가는 제조된 비료류 내 첨가된 미네랄 함량 대비 액상비료를 건조시켜 수득되는 무게로 평가하였다. 그 결과, 액상 AGH-Ringer 초세의 경우 생산수율이 94.8%였으며 AGH-Ringer 결실의 경우 91.6%였다. 100%보다 수율이 낮게 나온 이유는 AGH-Ringer가 제조되면서 손실되는 수분의 영향으로 판단되어 AGH-Ringer 초세와 결실은 생산수율이 대략 100%임을 확인하였다(Table 12). 하지만 분말 AGH-Ringer 초세와 AGH-Ringer 결실의 경우 분말의 응고나 용해성에는 문제가 없어지만 생산수율이 각각 69.1, 72.8%로 현저히 낮은 수준으로 확인되었다This is the result of evaluating the properties after the organic passivation reaction of organic passivation fertilizers prepared using vitamin C as a substrate and evaluating the production efficiency of the final manufactured fertilizers. As a control, when dissolving only inorganic minerals, it was confirmed that the solubility was significantly reduced due to precipitation due to the reaction between minerals. By chelating inorganic minerals to vitamin C, it was confirmed that non-precipitation, non-solidification, non-adherence, non-floating, and non-gelling non-precipitation nutrient solution fertilizer was developed by increasing the solubility. In addition, the colors of liquid AGH-Ringer seedlings and AGH-Ringer deletions were dark brown and light brown, respectively. Production yield evaluation was evaluated by the weight obtained by drying the liquid fertilizer compared to the mineral content added in the manufactured fertilizers. As a result, the production yield was 94.8% in the case of liquid AGH-Ringer, and 91.6% in the case of AGH-Ringer deletion. The reason why the yield was lower than 100% was judged to be due to the effect of moisture lost during the production of AGH-Ringer, and it was confirmed that the production yield of AGH-Ringer growth and fruiting was approximately 100% (Table 12). However, in the case of powder AGH-Ringer superfine and AGH-Ringer deletion, there was no problem with powder coagulation or solubility, but the production yield was confirmed to be significantly low at 69.1 and 72.8%, respectively.

양액의 성상 및 효율 평가Evaluation of properties and efficiency of nutrient solution 평가항목evaluation items 비타민C 기질의 개발 유기태 비료Development of Vitamin C Substrate Organic Fertilizer 초세용for the first time 결실용for fruit 성상평가
(원심전/원심후)property evaluation
(pre-centrifugal/post-centrifugal) 성상appearance 침전precipitation ― / ―― / ― ― / ―― / ― 응고coagulation ― / ―― / ― ― / ―― / ― 부착Attach ― / ―― / ― ― / ―― / ― 부유floating ― / ―― / ― ― / ―― / ― 겔화gelation ― / ―― / ― ― / ―― / ― 용해성solubility +++ / ++++++ / +++ +++ / ++++++ / +++ 색상color 진한 갈색dark brown 옅은 갈색light brown 생산수율 평가Production yield evaluation 비건조무게(g)Dry weight (g) 15.015.0 15.015.0 건조무게(g)dry weight (g) 5.85(39%)5.85 (39%) 4.2(28%)4.2 (28%) 생산수율(%)Production yield (%) 94.894.8 91.691.6

수용성 양액의 제조 방법Method for producing water-soluble nutrient solution

본 특허에서는 유기태화 비료류의 제조기법 정립을 위하여 킬레이트제인 비타민 C와 미네랄류를 혼합하여 실험실 수준(in vitro)에서 킬레이트의 최적 미네랄 몰(mole)비를 선발하기위해 수행하였다. 따라서 실시예 1에서 선발된 킬레이트제(chelating agent)로 비타민 C를 이용하여 다량미네랄인 질산암모늄(NH4NO3), 제1인산가리(KH2PO4), 질산마그네슘(Mg(NO3)2·6H2O), 질산칼슘(Ca(NO3)2·10H2O)과 미량미네랄인 EDTA-철(Fe-EDTA), 붕산(H3BO3), 황산구리(CuSO4·5H2O), 황산아연(ZnSO4·7H2O), 황산망간(MnSO4·H2O), 몰리브덴소다(Na2MoO4·2H2O)를 사용하여 수용성 양액을 제조방법은 다음과 같다.In this patent, in order to establish a manufacturing method for organic passivating fertilizers, a chelating agent, vitamin C, and minerals were mixed to select the optimal mineral mole ratio of chelate at the laboratory level ( in vitro ). Therefore, by using vitamin C as a chelating agent selected in Example 1, a large amount of minerals such as ammonium nitrate (NH 4 NO 3 ), potassium phosphate monobasic (KH 2 PO 4 ), and magnesium nitrate (Mg (NO 3 ) 2 6 H 2 O), calcium nitrate (Ca(NO 3 ) 2 10H 2 O) and trace minerals EDTA-iron (Fe-EDTA), boric acid (H 3 BO 3 ), copper sulfate (CuSO 4 5H 2 O), zinc sulfate (ZnSO 4 7H 2 O), manganese sulfate (MnSO 4 H 2 O), and molybdenum soda (Na 2 MoO 4 2 H 2 O). The method for preparing an aqueous nutrient solution is as follows. .

가) 10L 비이커에 정제수를 넣는다. A) Put purified water in a 10L beaker.

나) 해당 미네랄를 계량하여 정제수가 담긴 비이커에 혼합한다(Table 8참조, AGH-Ringer 초세와 결실에 해당하는 미네랄을 구분하여 첨가한다). B) Weigh the minerals and mix them in a beaker containing purified water (refer to Table 8, add the minerals corresponding to the AGH-Ringer seedlings and fruits separately).

다) 임펠라(impeller)를 혼합액에 넣고 일정한 속도(rpm 4)로 교반기로 교반해 준다. C) Put an impeller into the mixture and stir it with a stirrer at a constant speed (rpm 4).

라) 교반 30분 뒤, 비타민 C를 첨가한다(첨가 전 혼합액의 탁도는 불투명 상태임) D) After 30 minutes of stirring, vitamin C is added (the turbidity of the mixed solution before addition is opaque)

마) 첨가된 미네랄과 비타민 C가 킬레이팅할 수 있도록 24시간동안 교반하면서 반응시켰다. E) The reaction was performed while stirring for 24 hours so that the added minerals and vitamin C could be chelated.

바) 반응이 종료 후, 투명한 진한 갈색의 제품(AGH-Ringer 초세, AGH-Ringer 결실)을 확인한다. f) After the reaction is complete, check the transparent dark brown product (AGH-Ringer ultrathin, AGH-Ringer deletion).

상기 제조 공정에 대한 공정도는 도 2에 나타내었다.A process chart for the manufacturing process is shown in FIG. 2 .

Claims (3)

수용성 양액에 있어, 양액용 무기질 이온에 비타민 C를 결합하여 수용성 양액을 제조하는 기술
In water-soluble nutrient solution, technology for producing water-soluble nutrient solution by binding vitamin C to mineral ions for nutrient solution
 제 1항에 있어, 1항과 같이 제조된 수용성 양액을 활용하여 작물을 재배 기술 The technology of cultivating crops according to claim 1 using the water-soluble nutrient solution prepared as in claim 1 제 1항에 있어, 1항과 같이 제조된 수용성 양액을 스마트팜에 활용하는 기술
The method of claim 1, the technology of using the water-soluble nutrient solution prepared as in claim 1 in a smart farm
KR1020220020989A 2022-02-17 2022-02-17 Preparation of water soluble fertilizer for smartfarm to grow sprout ginseng KR20230123780A (en)

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