KR20230117885A - Self-assembly bouy - Google Patents

Abstract

An assembly type buoy according to one embodiment may comprise: a floating body that provides buoyancy and is equipped with a GPS transmitting module; a pillar extending downward from the floating body; a weight detachably coupled to the end of the pillar; and a frame detachably installed on top of the floating body. Thus, the assembly type buoy can be easily operated at sea.

Description

Prefabricated buoy {SELF-ASSEMBLY BOUY}

The present invention is a prefabricated buoy that can be disassembled and assembled and equipped with a GPS transmission module.

Ocean current refers to the flow of seawater that flows in a certain direction at a constant speed. Understanding the flow of ocean currents predicts extreme weather events such as typhoons or tsunamis and changes in the marine environment in advance, or identifies fish that move along with the ocean currents. It is used as basic data for fisheries, and its use value is increasing recently.

Methods for observing ocean currents in the ocean include the Euler-type measurement method, which measures current by installing current devices such as velocimetry at a fixed location, and the Lagrangian method, which uses drift buoys to determine and observe the movement of water particles. This is an effective ocean current measurement method to identify the spatial mobility of water particles. It is used to require ocean current information within 1m of the surface layer, such as lifesaving and searching for drowning persons in the event of a marine distress accident and pollutant accidents such as oil spills.

However, most of the existing ocean current observation buoys are developed so that only a specific water layer can be used, despite being expensive observation equipment. It is not currently being utilized. In addition, it is required to drop consumable drifting buoys that provide various surface current information for each water layer for lifesaving in the event of a marine distress accident.

On the other hand, observation equipment used for observation of the marine environment is not only difficult to manned due to the nature of the installation area of the ocean, but also has many restrictions in terms of installation of observation equipment, collection of observation data, and control of observation equipment. , Normally, a self-recording device such as a data logger is mounted on the observation equipment together with a sensor device for environmental measurement to collect observation data automatically, then collect it regularly or control the observation device through wireless communication. And the method of transmitting and receiving observation data is applied.

These marine environment observation equipment include self-recording devices and sensor devices such as data loggers, controllers for their control, wireless communication devices that transmit and receive control signals and observation data, and power required to operate the observation equipment. Various auxiliary devices such as supplied batteries are additionally installed, and since most of these correspond to electrical and electronic devices, attention is required to protect observation devices and watertight treatment so that they are not exposed to the harsh corrosive environment of the sea.

Since existing marine buoys are large in size and weight, equipment and manpower must be mobilized when transporting the buoy on land, and mooring and recovery in the sea are difficult, so they are not effective for the purpose of marine monitoring. In addition, in the case of existing small buoys, the purpose of short-term mooring is great, so the risk of loss may not be considered.

For example, problems with existing buoys were improved by miniaturizing the size of the buoy and developing a foldable structure for smooth operation in a small research institute, but the volume occupied by four square-shaped buoys is large, so it is installed and moored at sea. And there was a problem that the collection was not easy. In addition, due to the nature of the ocean, there was a disadvantage that expensive equipment moored together could be lost due to damage or loss of the buoy due to collision of ships during long-term mooring.

According to an embodiment, a buoy composed of one buoy is manufactured to make mooring and recovery easier than a foldable buoy, and the size is further miniaturized, and the buoy is manufactured in an assembleable form to be easily operated at sea. In addition, to prevent the loss of expensive equipment coupled with the buoy, a buoy capable of transmitting the location is intended to be manufactured.

As a way to overcome the limitations of existing buoys, a low-cost, small-scale marine buoy structure capable of transmitting location is developed so that even small-scale research institutes such as universities can reduce the risk of equipment loss and operate marine buoys for a long period of time.

A prefabricated buoy according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a floating body providing buoyancy and having a GPS transmission module; a pillar extending downward from the floating body; a weight that is detachably coupled to an end of the pillar; And it may include a frame detachably installed on the upper part of the floating body.

According to one embodiment, the floating body is located on the upper side and the upper form on which the GPS transmission module is disposed; a lower form disposed below the upper form; and a top plate disposed on an upper side of the upper form and connected to the pillar.

According to one embodiment, a groove for accommodating the GPS transmission module may be formed in the upper form.

According to one embodiment, the floating body further includes a lower plate disposed below the lower form, and the upper plate and the lower plate are connected to each other by fastening a first bolt and a first nut to form the upper form and the lower form. It can be configured to fit tightly.

According to one embodiment, the first bolt may be configured to sequentially pass through the upper plate, the upper form, the lower form, and the lower plate.

According to one embodiment, a second bolt is formed at the lower end of the frame, and the second bolt passes through the upper plate, the upper form, the lower form, and the lower plate in order and is coupled with a second nut disposed on the lower plate. can be configured to

According to one embodiment, the floating body may further include a container fixed to the top plate and accommodating the GPS transmission module.

According to one embodiment, the upper form and the lower form may each have a cylindrical shape.

According to one embodiment, the frame has a cage shape composed of a plurality of bars, and measuring equipment such as a warning light, a radar reflector, and an anemometer may be installed in the frame.

A method for assembling a prefabricated buoy according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprising: inserting an upper form into a pillar connected to a top plate; fitting a lower form to the column from a lower side of the upper form; Fitting a lower plate to the pillar from the lower side of the lower form; attaching the upper and lower plates to each other by coupling a first bolt and a first nut with the upper and lower forms interposed therebetween; coupling a second bolt formed in the frame with a second bolt disposed on the lower plate by sequentially passing through the upper plate, the upper form, the lower form, and the lower plate; coupling a weight to the lower end of the pillar; and arranging a GPS transmission module in a container fixed to the upper plate.

There is noise caused by various human activities in the marine environment, such as noise during construction and operation of offshore wind farms. There is a possibility that these noises can affect fish and shellfish, so continuous underwater noise monitoring research is needed.

The prefabricated buoy according to an embodiment can be used for underwater sound monitoring through miniaturization, is useful for mooring and collection, and can be easily transported on land as it is configured as a prefabricated structure. In the case of a conventional buoy, there is a risk of losing the buoy if the buoy fixing line is broken, but in the prefabricated buoy according to an embodiment, even if the buoy fixing line is broken and the risk of loss is exposed, the location of the buoy can be confirmed in real time through the position transmission system. Therefore, the risk of loss can be greatly reduced.

The prefabricated buoy according to an embodiment can be applied to the field of marine meteorological observation because it is efficient to observe using the buoy in order to observe long/short-term meteorological phenomena (wind direction, wind speed, current speed, etc.) occurring in the ocean. In addition, in the case of a port monitoring system, since accurate monitoring is possible when the actual position of the buoy is accurately known, the prefabricated buoy according to one embodiment can be applied to the monitoring system.

According to an embodiment, it is equipped with a GPS transmission module for monitoring underwater sound that can more conveniently moor a buoy for measuring underwater noise generated in an offshore wind farm and reduce the risk of loss by identifying the location of the buoy in real time Prefabricated buoys can be provided.

1 is a photograph of a long-term mooring buoy used abroad.
(a) of FIG. 2 shows a buoy actually moored in the past, and (b) of FIG. 2 shows a route (GPS data) traveled for equipment search.
Figure 3 shows the state of the driving operation during the construction of the offshore wind turbine and the state after the offshore wind turbine is built.
4 is a perspective view showing a prefabricated buoy according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is an exploded perspective view showing an exploded state of the floating body shown in FIG. 4;
6 is an exploded perspective view showing a state of the floating body shown in FIG. 5 viewed from another direction.
7 is a perspective view illustrating the frame shown in FIG. 4;
8 is a perspective view showing an exploded state of the weight and the column shown in FIG.
9 is a flowchart illustrating a method of assembling a prefabricated buoy according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the method shown in FIG. 9 .

Embodiments of the present invention are presented by way of example to explain the technical idea of the present invention. The scope of rights according to the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments or specific descriptions of these embodiments.

1 is a photograph of a long-term mooring buoy used abroad. Figure 1 (a) is (a) Poseidon system's mooring buoy, Figure 1 (b) is WHOI's mooring buoy.

As the world's major countries promote greenhouse gas reduction and transition to a low-carbon society, the demand for offshore wind power generators increases. As a result, the effect of underwater noise and vibration generated by offshore wind power generators on the marine ecosystem is emerging as a social issue. Strong noise generated from construction works causes great changes in the behavior and physiology of fish and other marine organisms, and in severe cases, even damages the auditory organ. For this reason, many countries are implementing regulations based on the underwater noise research results of offshore wind power generators to protect marine life, and underwater noise measurement research through offshore wind power underwater noise measurement methods and guidelines is being treated as important.

Since the number of offshore wind power generators is increasing in Korea according to this international trend, it is essential to continuously monitor offshore wind power underwater noise and marine environment for a long time using underwater sound monitoring buoys. However, the portability of buoys so far has been poor due to their large size, and there is a high risk of being lost by leaving the moored position due to waves or marine life when moored for a long period of time. In recent years, underwater noise caused by human activities such as marine cargo volume, marine leisure activities, development of coastal waters, and construction and operation of offshore wind turbines has increased significantly in the ocean. It is known that strong underwater noise caused by construction and construction causes changes in the behavior and physiology of marine organisms, and can physically damage hearing organs in severe cases. Therefore, many studies requiring long-term monitoring of underwater noise, such as construction and operation noise of offshore wind power generators and bioacoustic studies of marine organisms, are being conducted.

Long-term mooring buoys are large in size because they are equipped with sensors that store various environmental data as well as equipment such as GPS transmitters and receivers to prevent loss of equipment. Therefore, since commercialized long-term mooring marine buoys are difficult to operate and manage at the scale of a university laboratory, the development of low-cost, small-scale marine buoys is required.

(a) of FIG. 2 shows a buoy actually moored in the past, and (b) of FIG. 2 shows a route (GPS data) traveled for equipment search.

The biggest problem in long-term mooring at research institutes is the problem of equipment loss. In case of long-term monitoring using a general buoy without a GPS transmitter or receiver, there is a high risk of equipment loss. It's hard to figure out. For example, in one laboratory, there is a case in which equipment for measuring underwater noise that was moored during an experiment to measure operational noise of an offshore wind power demonstration complex in the Southwest Sea was lost. In this way, if equipment is lost, problems arise not only in the research being conducted but also in other studies that require marine experiments, and it takes considerable time for each institution to deal with the loss and repurchase of the equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a marine buoy for long-term mooring that has GPS transmission and reception functions and can check the location of the experimental equipment and buoy in real time.

Figure 3 shows the state (left) of the driving operation during the construction of the offshore wind turbine and the state (right) after the offshore wind turbine is built.

Underwater noise in offshore wind farms during the construction process is a problem. As the demand for offshore wind power increases according to renewable energy policies, studies on the effect of offshore wind power underwater noise on the marine ecosystem are increasing. Underwater noise from offshore wind farms can be divided into two types: noise during construction and noise during operation. In the case of noise during construction (left view of FIG. 3), although it is temporary, it has the characteristics of impact noise, so the size of the noise is large and has a great impact on the marine ecosystem. Noise during operation (right side of FIG. 3) is reported to be that the vibration of the structure generated by the rotation of blades, gearboxes, etc. is propagated in the water.

In the case of foreign countries, a policy direction based on the research results of offshore wind power underwater noise is set and promoted, and underwater noise measurement research through offshore wind power underwater noise measurement methods and guidelines is being treated as important. Therefore, continuous offshore wind power underwater noise and marine environment monitoring using underwater acoustic monitoring buoys are required for efficient implementation of renewable energy policies.

On the other hand, bioacoustic monitoring of marine mammals was mainly performed through visual observation. However, recently, many studies have been conducted to observe and analyze the acoustic signals of marine mammals. Since the frequency and location of the appearance of marine mammals change due to various environmental factors such as season and time, sound equipment must be moored for a long time in order to measure the bioacoustics of marine mammals. To this end, it is necessary to develop an ocean buoy for long-term mooring based on location transmission.

4 is a perspective view showing a prefabricated buoy 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The prefabricated buoy 1 according to an embodiment is a buoy used for underwater noise monitoring for long-term and stable monitoring of marine mammals and research on the characteristics and scope of influence of operating underwater noise generated in offshore wind farms. . The prefabricated buoy 1 can be used as a location transmission-based expandable underwater acoustic monitoring system, and unlike conventional buoys, it can be easily transported and stored, and can be easily carried.

The prefabricated buoy 1 includes a floating body 100 providing buoyancy and equipped with a GPS transmission module 500, a pole 200 extending downward from the floating body 100, and an end 210 of the pole 200 It may include a weight 300 detachably coupled with and a frame 400 detachably installed on top of the floating body 100. The pillar 200 forms the central axis of the buoy and may have a long bar shape.

FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view showing an exploded view of the floating body 100 shown in FIG. 4 . 6 is an exploded perspective view showing a state in which the floating body 100 shown in FIG. 5 is viewed from another direction.

The floating body 100 may be located on the upper side when the weight 300 is directed downward when the buoy is disposed on the water surface. The floating body 100 has an upper form 110 on which the GPS transmission module 500 is disposed, a lower form 120 disposed below the upper form 110, and a pole disposed on the upper side of the upper form 110 ( 200) may include an upper plate 130 connected to the lower plate 140 disposed on the lower side of the lower form 120.

The upper form 110 and the lower form 120 may each have a cylindrical shape. The upper foam 110 and the lower foam 120 are for floating the buoy on the sea, and can be appropriately leveled by adjusting the size of the buoyancy through detachment and detachment of the foam according to the weather condition or environment of the sea. The upper foam 110 and the lower foam 120 are formed of a polyethylene material to minimize the weight of the buoy and at the same time bring a large buoyancy. Openings vertically penetrating upper and lower surfaces may be formed in the center of the upper form 110 and the lower form 120 to be coupled to the pillar 200 .

The upper plate 130 may have a flat plate shape and may be integrally connected to the pillar 200 by, for example, welding. An opening 131 through which the GPS transmission module 500 passes may be formed in the top plate 130 . In addition, an opening 132 for coupling the frame 400 and an opening 133 for coupling the upper and lower plates 130 and 140 may be formed in the upper plate 130 . A container 510 disposed through the opening 131 and accommodating the GPS transmission module 500 may be fixed to the top plate 130 .

A groove 115 for accommodating the GPS transmission module 500 may be formed in the upper form 110 . The container 510 fixed to the top plate 300 may be seated in the groove 115 . The upper foam 110 has an opening 111 through which the pillar 200 passes, an opening 112 for coupling the frame 400, and an opening 113 for coupling the upper plate 130 and the lower plate 140. can be formed

The lower form 120 has an opening 121 through which the pillar 200 passes, an opening 122 for coupling the frame 400, and an opening 123 for coupling the top plate 130 and the bottom plate 140 together. can be formed

In the lower plate 140, an opening 141 through which the pillar 200 passes, an opening 142 for coupling the frame 400, and an opening 143 for coupling the upper plate 130 and the lower plate 140 are formed. It can be.

The GPS transmission module 500 accommodated in the container 510 may have a cylindrical capsule shape. By mounting the GPS transmission module 500 on the prefabricated module 1 in this way, it is possible to immediately identify and respond to the loss of the buoy or deviation from the expected location by continuously notifying the user of the current location. That is, the current position of the buoy is transmitted every reference time to continuously determine the position of the buoy on the land, so that the position can be more easily identified when the buoy leaves the expected position or completes mooring and retrieves the buoy.

In the case of existing buoys, location information cannot be transmitted, so if the buoy deviated from its expected location and was lost at sea due to deteriorating marine weather conditions or other conditions, it was difficult to retrieve it, but as such, the GPS transmission module 500 was installed. The buoy can be retrieved more quickly by using the location data received when retrieving the buoy.

The upper plate 130 and the lower plate 140 may be connected to each other by fastening the first bolt 151 and the first nut 152 to bring the upper form 110 and the lower form 120 into close contact. The first bolt 151 may be configured to sequentially pass through the upper plate 130 , the upper form 110 , the lower form 120 , and the lower plate 140 . The first bolt 151 may have a long bar shape to pass through the opening 113 formed in the upper form 110 and the opening 123 formed in the lower form 120, and the first bolt 151 and the first Two nuts 152 may be provided.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view illustrating the frame 400 shown in FIG. 4 .

A second bolt 420 extending downward may be formed at the lower end 410 of the frame 400 . The second bolt 420 passes through the upper plate 130, the upper form 110, the lower form 120, and the lower plate 140 in order to be coupled with the second nut 430 disposed on the lower plate 140. can

The frame 400 may have a cage shape with an open bottom surface and a plurality of bars. A protrusion 410 may be formed on the upper portion of the frame 400 . Measuring equipment (not shown) such as a warning light, a radar reflector, and an anemometer may be installed in the protrusion 410 . When measuring equipment (not shown) is installed in this way, damage caused by ships and the like can be prevented and necessary environmental information can be obtained.

8 is a perspective view showing an exploded view of the weight 300 and the pillar 200 shown in FIG.

The lower end 210 of the pillar 200 is formed with a through portion 220 penetrating left and right, so that the weight 300 can be coupled using a long bolt and nut.

The weight 300 prevents a situation in which the buoy is overturned due to excessive shaking caused by an external force such as a wave, and can maintain balance and stability. An opening 310 that does not penetrate in the vertical direction may be formed in the center of the weight 300 so that the lower end of the pillar 200 can be inserted, and a through portion 320 penetrating the left and right sides may be formed. there is.

The lower end of the pillar 200 is inserted into the opening 310 formed in the vertical direction of the weight 300, and then through the through portion 320 formed on the left or right side of the weight 300 with a bolt 350. A method of penetrating the penetrating portion 220 formed at the lower end of the column 200 while penetrating the weight 300 and finally fastening with the nut 360 may be used.

9 is a flowchart illustrating a method (S1000) of assembling a prefabricated buoy according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the method shown in FIG. 9 .

In the method of assembling a prefabricated buoy (S1000), the upper form 110 is inserted into the pillar 200 connected to the top plate 130 (S1100), the lower form ( 120) (S1200), inserting the lower plate 140 to the pillar from the lower side of the lower form 120 (S1300), the first bolt 151 with the upper form 110 and the lower form 120 interposed therebetween ) and the first nut 152 to close the upper plate 130 and the lower plate 140 (S1400); The second bolt 430 disposed on the lower plate 140 by passing the second bolt 420 formed in the frame 400 through the upper plate 130, the upper form 110, the lower form 120, and the lower plate 140 in order. ) and combining (S1500); coupling the weight 300 to the lower end of the pillar 200 (S1600); A step of arranging the GPS transmission module 500 on the container 510 fixed to the upper plate (S1700) may be included. Each of steps S1100 to S1700 may be executed with reference to drawings corresponding to (a) to (g) of FIG. 10 .

The prefabricated buoy according to an embodiment can be directly operated without using separate equipment using a prefabricated method, and can be lightweight by using a light and highly buoyant material called 'polyethylene' as the material of the upper and lower foams. there is. In this way, if developed as a prefabricated marine buoy, it is possible to additionally combine environmental equipment and sound equipment necessary for operation of the marine buoy, and it is possible to efficiently carry, load, and store the buoy by easily collecting and separating the buoy.

A method of utilizing the prefabricated buoy as an offshore buoy for long-term mooring according to an embodiment will be described. It can be used for the marine environment monitoring project of offshore wind farms through the supply of long-term mooring offshore buoys based on location transmission. Since noise generated from offshore wind farms can have a significant impact on catches and fishing in the surrounding waters, long-term mooring offshore buoys based on location transmission can be used to monitor underwater noise for a long time and evaluate the noise impact. In addition, recently bioacoustic data of marine mammals are being used to investigate the frequency of occurrence of marine mammals due to operation and construction noise of offshore wind farms and various human activities. Since the frequency of appearance of marine mammals is changed by various environmental factors, long-term bioacoustic monitoring is possible through position transmission-based long-term mooring marine buoys. It is judged that it can be used for coastal research projects and fishery environment monitoring by using long-term mooring marine buoys based on position transmission, and it can be used as basic data for naval tactical operation and port monitoring system.

Through the prefabricated buoy according to an embodiment, it is possible to perform long-term underwater noise monitoring and noise impact evaluation on fish and mammals. There is little concern about equipment loss that occurred during long-term underwater noise monitoring by using location transmission GPS. In addition, it will be easy to transport through the miniaturization of the buoy, and safety can be added when equipment is moored in a ship.

A prefabricated buoy according to an embodiment may be easily transported on land by prefabricating the buoy in order to solve the problems of existing buoys. In addition, by reducing the size and weight, efficient installation and recovery is possible, and by installing GPS, the position of the buoy can be checked in real time, making it suitable for long-term marine monitoring. In order to prevent a structure from colliding with a ship during long-term marine monitoring, a night light emitting diode and a radar reflector can be additionally installed, and it has a structure capable of combining various other environmental equipment.

Although the technical spirit of the present invention has been described above, various substitutions, modifications, and changes can be made without departing from the technical spirit and scope of the present invention that can be understood by those skilled in the art. Also, such substitutions, modifications and alterations are within the scope of the appended claims.

1: Prefab buoy
100: floating body
110: upper foam
120: lower form
130: top plate
140: lower plate
200: column
300: weight
400: frame
500: GPS transmission module
510: courage

Claims (10)

A floating body providing buoyancy and equipped with a GPS transmission module;
a pillar extending downward from the floating body;
a weight that is detachably coupled to an end of the pillar; and
Including a frame detachably installed on the upper part of the floating body,
prefabricated buoy. According to claim 1,
The floating body,
An upper form located on the upper side and on which the GPS transmission module is disposed;
a lower form disposed below the upper form; and
Including a top plate disposed on the upper side of the upper form and connected to the pillar,
prefabricated buoy. According to claim 1,
A groove for accommodating the GPS transmission module is formed in the upper form,
prefabricated buoy. According to claim 2,
The floating body further includes a lower plate disposed below the lower form,
The upper plate and the lower plate are connected to each other by fastening a first bolt and a first nut to bring the upper form and the lower form into close contact,
prefabricated buoy. According to claim 4,
The first bolt is configured to pass through the upper plate, the upper form, the lower form, and the lower plate in order,
prefabricated buoy. According to claim 4,
A second bolt is formed at the lower end of the frame,
The second bolt is configured to pass through the upper plate, the upper form, the lower form, and the lower plate in order to engage with a second nut disposed on the lower plate.
prefabricated buoy. According to claim 2,
The floating body is fixed to the top plate and further comprises a container for accommodating the GPS transmission module.
prefabricated buoy. According to claim 1,
The upper form and the lower form each have a cylindrical shape,
prefabricated buoy. According to claim 1,
The frame has a cage shape composed of a plurality of bars,
Measuring equipment such as a warning light, a radar reflector, and an anemometer are installed on the frame,
prefabricated buoy. In the method of assembling a prefabricated buoy,
Inserting the upper foam into the pillars connected to the upper plate;
fitting a lower form to the column from a lower side of the upper form;
Fitting a lower plate to the pillar from the lower side of the lower form;
attaching the upper and lower plates to each other by coupling a first bolt and a first nut with the upper and lower forms interposed therebetween;
combining a second bolt formed in the frame with a second bolt disposed on the lower plate by sequentially passing through the upper plate, the upper form, the lower form, and the lower plate;
coupling a weight to the lower end of the pillar; and
arranging a GPS transmission module in a container fixed to the upper plate;
A method for assembling a prefabricated buoy comprising a.

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