KR20230107015A - Light oil refining equipments using mixed heavy oil - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a refinery that converts mixed heavy oil into light oil, and converts low-grade, high-viscosity mixed heavy oil (C ₂₀ ~ C ₆₀ ) into heat energy and a ceramic composite having thermofluorescence characteristics to heat the emitted light wave energy. High-quality light oil (C ₁₀ ~ C ₁₈ ) can be obtained through the multi-stage cracking decomposition reaction used simultaneously. Since thermal energy and optical wave energy are used simultaneously, high-quality light oil can be obtained at a relatively low temperature, and high-quality light oil can be manufactured in an economical and environmentally friendly way.

Description

Light oil refining equipments using mixed heavy oil

The present invention relates to a refinery for converting mixed heavy oil into light oil,

More specifically, low-grade, high-viscosity mixed heavy oil (C ₂₀ ~ C ₆₀ ) is produced through a multi-step cracking decomposition process using thermal energy and light wave energy emitted when heating a ceramic composite having thermofluorescence characteristics at the same time. It relates to a device for refining into light oil (C ₁₀ ~ C ₁₈ ).

In general, waste plastics made of polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), etc. are not recyclable and are mostly disposed of by incineration or landfill.

Since waste plastic incineration or landfill causes serious environmental pollution and takes a long time to decompose in a natural state, the development of environmentally friendly and economical waste plastic treatment technology has been required.

As an alternative to this, a method of recycling waste plastic as an alternative fuel by liquefying and cracking has been proposed, which will be briefly described.

The raw material of waste synthetic resin such as waste vinyl or waste plastic is petroleum, and gasoline, diesel oil, and liquefied gas are also extracted from petroleum.

The raw material of waste synthetic resin is a high molecular weight polymer, and its composition is mainly composed of carbon and hydrogen. In addition, gasoline and diesel oil produced by oil refineries have a relatively small molecular weight and their composition is also composed of carbon and hydrogen.

As a cracking method, the thermal decomposition and emulsification process, which heats the polymer material under oxygen-free conditions, is partly used, but it is pointed out as a cause of environmental pollution such as dioxin generation in the thermal decomposition step. Eco-friendly decomposition methods are emerging.

In the conventional high-temperature pyrolysis emulsification process, crushed waste synthetic resin is supplied from a hopper to a high-temperature melting furnace to be melted into a gel, and then the gel-like melt is heated to a high temperature of 450 ° C. or higher in a pyrolysis reactor to separate gas and liquid. Next, the heavy oil of the wax component is separated from the gaseous gas having the oil component, and the gas from which the heavy oil is separated is condensed again by a condenser to obtain mixed heavy oil having a high viscosity. The mixed heavy oil obtained here is the main product to be produced in the pyrolysis process. It is a dark brown mixed oil in which a lot of heavy oil components having a low to high boiling point are mixed and has a high viscosity, and contains a lot of harmful substances such as heavy metals.

However, in the conventional thermal decomposition and emulsification process, since the melt supplied to the reactor must be heated to 450 ° C. or more using indirect heating in each process, the heating time is relatively long, so that a large amount of waste synthetic resin cannot be quickly processed. Since coke and tar produced during the superpyrolysis process are deposited on the inner wall of the pyrolysis reactor, the residue on the inner wall of the reactor must be removed for the next operation, which prevents the reactor from operating continuously. there was These pyrolysis mixed heavy oils contain a lot of sulfur, chlorine, and heavy metals, so many problems that deteriorate the atmospheric environment after combustion are emerging. In addition, these mixed heavy oils have too high a wax content, so they harden easily at room temperature or have high viscosity. It has the disadvantage of always maintaining a heated state during transportation and storage.

For example, Patent Document 1 below discloses a 'direct heating type waste synthetic resin emulsification device using waste oil'.

A direct heating type waste synthetic resin emulsification device using waste oil according to Patent Document 1 below includes a reaction furnace in which raw materials including waste synthetic resin and waste oil are supplied, and thermal decomposition occurs under high temperature and high pressure to generate gas; A first heating member including a first heating unit connected to the reactor through a pipe to heat the raw material discharged from the reactor and circulate the heated raw material back to the reactor; and a cooling unit for extracting recycled oil by cooling and condensing the gas generated in the reactor.

In the reactor, after pyrolysis occurs under high temperature and high pressure, gas is generated while being reduced in pressure, and one end of the pipe in the first heating member passes through the side of the reactor and is connected to the inside of the reactor, and the other end is connected to the inside of the reactor. A discharge pipe connected to the heating unit and discharging the raw material inside the reactor to the first heating unit, one end connected to the first heating unit and the other end connected to the inside of the reactor to the first heating unit and a circulation pipe for circulating the raw material heated in the reactor to the reactor.

A first outlet and a second outlet are respectively formed at the other end of the circulation pipe to circulate the raw material to the reactor, the first outlet is used when the thermal decomposition of the raw material proceeds in the reactor, and the second outlet is used. The outlet is used in the process of circulating and gasifying the raw material under reduced pressure after thermal decomposition of the raw material in the reactor, the first outlet is formed so that the end portion does not spread outward, and the second outlet has an end portion. It spreads outward, so that the circulated raw material hits the inner wall of the reactor while spreading laterally.

In the device having the above structure, it is almost impossible to obtain high-quality light liquid fuel (C ₁₀ ~ C ₁₈ ) because only high-viscosity mixed recycled oil (C ₂₀ ~ C ₆₀ ) with a long hydrocarbon chain is produced.

Patent Document 2 below discloses a 'waste synthetic resin emulsification device'.

The waste synthetic resin emulsification device according to Patent Document 2 below includes a heating furnace into which the waste synthetic resin can be input and thermally decomposed while agitating the waste synthetic resin; a cooling unit connected to the heating furnace, cooling and liquefying oil gas generated when waste synthetic resin is pyrolyzed in the heating furnace, and generating mixed oil; and a separation unit configured to be connected to the cooling unit and separating the mixed oil into light oil and heavy oil using a boiling point difference.

The separation unit is connected to the cooling unit and includes an inclined flow path portion inclined upward at a set angle, an auxiliary heating unit installed at a front start end of the inclined flow path portion and heating the mixed oil, and An auxiliary cooling unit installed at the rear of the auxiliary heating unit and cooling the mixed oil gas vaporized by the auxiliary heating unit, and a heavy oil liquefied by the auxiliary cooling unit connected to the inclined flow path at the rear of the auxiliary cooling unit. and a second branch passage connected to an end of the inclined passage part and separating light oil liquefied by the auxiliary cooling part.

Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2012-0019346 (published on March 6, 2012) Republic of Korea Utility Model Publication No. 20-2012-0007128 (published on October 17, 2012)

An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems, a new type of refiner that continuously multi-stage cracking and cracking from low-quality, high-viscosity mixed heavy oil (C ₂₀ ~ C ₆₀ ) to high-quality light oil (C ₁₀ ~ C ₁₈ ). is to provide

As a means to achieve the above object,

The present invention is a mixed heavy oil storage tank; Stirring oil vapor receiving the mixed heavy oil from the mixed heavy oil storage tank and converting the mixed heavy oil into oil vapor by heating it with a heater installed at the bottom while agitating it with a stirring blade; a first separator installed in communication with the agitated oil vapor and generating light oil by decomposing and condensing the oil vapor introduced from the agitated oil vapor; A second separator installed in communication with the first separator and removing moisture contained in the light oil by heating the light oil introduced from the first separator with a heating heater installed at a lower portion; and a periphery of the mixed heavy oil storage tank. It is installed in, and it is characterized by comprising a pollutant removal means for removing pollutants generated around the mixed heavy oil storage tank.

In addition, the pollutant removal unit is composed of a polluted air collecting unit 10, a moisture collecting unit 20, and a partition wall 31 installed between the polluted air collecting unit and the moisture collecting unit, and the polluted air collecting unit The unit 10 includes a box 11, and a polluted air removal unit 100a formed by forming a plurality of fine holes 12 for extracting moisture on the side or bottom of the box 11; An air pressure providing hose (300a) located in the moisture collecting unit and providing a function to extract moisture from the contaminated air supplied through the polluted air collecting unit by providing vacuum pressure to the water collecting unit to reach the moisture collecting unit after passing through the partition wall. )and; an air pressure providing unit (400a) installed at an end of the air pressure providing hose and providing vacuum pressure through the air pressure providing hose; It is located in the polluted air collecting unit and includes a polluted air intake hose (500a) that provides a function of introducing polluted air into the box using vacuum pressure provided from the air pressure providing unit; The cylinder device 1 and the piston 2 are connected to the partition wall 31, the water level sensor 3 is installed at one end of the partition wall 31, and the cylinder device 1 is driven when a certain water level is measured. to move the bulkhead to install a control unit 4 that controls the flow of moisture; It is characterized in that the moisture collecting unit is further provided with a moisture blocking means 24 for blocking moisture from being sucked into the air pressure providing unit through the air pressure providing hose.

In addition, the moisture blocking means 24 is characterized in that it is made in an inclined shape, an embossed shape, or a rounded shape to prevent moisture present in the moisture collecting area from being directed toward the vacuum pressure supply hose.

In addition, the suction pressure temporary blocking means 20a is installed in the water collecting part 20 and installed in connection with the buoyancy generating part 21 designed to float when the water rises to provide vacuum pressure through the polluted air collecting part, At the same time, when moisture rises and the buoyancy generator floats up, the air passage type body 22 in which the vacuum pressure supply passage 22a is formed so that the buoyancy generation unit floats upward, and is installed at the end of the air passage type body, and the vacuum pressure supply passage 22a extends It is installed and is characterized in that it includes an air passage type piston 23 that rises upward when the air passage type body part rises due to the rise of the buoyancy generating unit and induces blocking of vacuum pressure.

According to the present invention, low-grade, high-viscosity mixed heavy oil (C ₂₀ ~ C ₆₀ ) is heated through a multi-step cracking decomposition reaction using thermal energy and light wave energy emitted by heating a ceramic composite having thermofluorescence characteristics, thereby providing good quality light oil. (C ₁₀ ~C ₁₈ ) can be obtained. Since thermal energy and optical wave energy are used simultaneously, high-quality light oil can be obtained at a relatively low temperature, and high-quality light oil can be manufactured in an economical and environmentally friendly way.

1 is a configuration diagram showing a refinery for converting light oil from mixed heavy oil according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the stirring oil vapor of the refinery unit for converting light oil from mixed heavy oil according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a plan view showing the stirring oil vapor of the refining device for converting light oil from mixed heavy oil according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a first separator of a refinery for converting mixed heavy oil into light oil according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a second separator of a refinery for converting mixed heavy oil into light oil according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a configuration diagram of a pollutant removal means of the present invention.
7 is a cross-sectional view of the contaminant removal means of the present invention.
8 is an operation diagram of the suction pressure temporary blocking means of the present invention.
9 is a control block diagram of the contaminant removal means of the present invention.

Hereinafter, a refinery for converting mixed heavy oil into light oil according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a configuration diagram showing a refinery for converting light oil from mixed heavy oil according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the stirring oil vapor of the refinery unit for converting light oil from mixed heavy oil according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a plan view showing the stirring oil vapor of the refining device for converting light oil from mixed heavy oil according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a first separator of a refinery for converting mixed heavy oil into light oil according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a second separator of a refinery for converting mixed heavy oil into light oil according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

6 is a configuration diagram of a pollutant removal means of the present invention.

7 is a cross-sectional view of the contaminant removal means of the present invention.

8 is an operation diagram of the suction pressure temporary blocking means of the present invention.

9 is a control block diagram of the contaminant removal means of the present invention,

The present invention receives mixed heavy oil and heats it with a heater 240 installed at the bottom while stirring with a stirring blade 220 to convert the mixed heavy oil into oil vapor (200); A first separator 300 installed in communication with the agitated oil steam 200 and generating light oil by decomposing and condensing the oil vapor introduced from the agitated oil steam 200; And a second separator 400 installed in communication with the first separator 300 and removing moisture contained in the light oil by heating the light oil introduced from the first separator with a heating heater 404 installed at the bottom. It provides a refinery for converting mixed heavy oil containing light oil into light oil.

A refinery for converting mixed heavy oil into light oil according to an embodiment of the present invention uses a combination of thermal energy and ceramic emission light wave energy in the temperature range of 80 to 180 ° C as a whole to generate initial mixed heavy oil (C ₂₀ ~ C ₆₀ ) Vaporization -> cracking decomposition reaction -> condensation is carried out step by step to break long hydrocarbon bonds, and finally, high-quality light oil having C ₁₀ ~ C ₁₈ carbon atoms can be obtained.

1 is a block diagram showing a refinery apparatus for converting mixed heavy oil into light oil according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

First, the high-viscosity mixed heavy oil in a liquid or gel state stored in the mixed heavy oil storage tank 100 is transferred to the agitated oil vapor 200 by a pump, and is converted from the agitated oil vapor 200 to oil vapor.

The stirred oil vapor 200 includes a stirred tank accommodating the mixed heavy oil; Agitation blades 220 rotated by a rotating shaft 222 installed at the center of the stirring tank; A sludge discharge port 212 installed below the stirred oil steam 200; and the lower surface of the stirred tank 210 may have a conical shape with a height decreasing from the center to the edge.

2 is a cross-sectional view showing agitated steam 200 in a refinery for converting mixed heavy oil into light oil according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the stirring oil vapor 200 of the refinery according to the embodiment of the present invention converts the mixed heavy oil introduced from the storage tank 100 into the stirring blade 220 in the stirring tank 210. While stirring using a ), oil vapor is obtained by the heater 240 and the ceramic catalyst plate 230 installed at the bottom.

That is, in the agitated oil steam 200, the mixed heavy oil introduced from the storage tank 100 is turned into oil vapor by the thermal energy from the heater 240 and the light wave energy emitted from the ceramic catalyst plate 230 while rotating the mixed heavy oil introduced from the storage tank 100 with the agitator blade 220. convert and release.

A motor 221 may be installed on the upper surface of the stirring oil steam 200, a rotation shaft 222 may be installed on the motor 221, and a stirring blade 220 may be installed on the lower end thereof.

3 is a plan view showing the agitated oil steam 200.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the stirring oil vapor 200 according to the embodiment of the present invention is a heater installed under the stirring tank 210 and the stirring blades 220 rotated by the rotation shaft 222 installed in the center. 240, a ceramic catalyst plate 230 installed on the bottom surface, and a flue 250 installed on the top of the stirring tank 210 to discharge vaporized oil vapor.

An inlet 211 connected to the mixed heavy oil storage tank 100 is installed in the agitation tank 210, and a sludge outlet 212 is installed at the bottom thereof to discharge the sludge remaining inside the agitation tank 210.

Conventional refiners generally have a structure where the lower surface of the stirring tank 210 is a simple flat plate or the height of the center of the lower surface of the stirring tank 210 is lower than that of the edge, so that the sludge outlet 212 is located in the center. In this shape, there has been a problem in that the discharge is not smooth because the sludge accumulated on the lower surface is discharged only by gravity acting on the sludge. The purification device according to an embodiment of the present invention is composed of a conical shape in which the height decreases from the center to the edge of the lower surface of the stirring tank 210, and the stirring blades 220 are added to the sludge accumulated on the bottom of the stirring tank 210. Since rotational force is additionally applied, it has a structure that can be easily pushed to the edge sludge outlet 212.

In addition, a plurality of temperature sensors 213 are installed at different heights to measure the internal temperature of the stirring tank 210, and the outside of the stirring tank 210 allows a worker to enter and exit the stirring tank 210 An external ladder 214 for can be installed.

A manhole 215 is installed on the upper surface of the stirring tank 210 so that workers can enter and exit, and an internal ladder 216 through which workers can enter and exit can be installed inside.

A heater 240 for heating mixed heavy oil is installed on the bottom and circumferential surface of the stirring tank 210 right below the stirring blades 220, and the ceramic catalyst plate 230 is installed below the stirring tank 210. can

In the ceramic catalyst plate, mixing ceramic powder and fluoride and molding into a plate material; And sintering the molded plate material at a temperature of 1300 to 1450 ° C., wherein the ceramic is any one or a mixture of two or more selected from ZrO ₂ , MgO and Al ₂ O ₃ , and the fluoride is Any one or a mixture of two or more selected from LiF, MgF ₂ and CaF ₂ , and the ceramic catalyst plate may emit infrared rays at a temperature of 120 to 180 °C.

It is preferable to mix and use 3 to 10 parts by weight of the ceramic powder and fluoride powder based on 100 parts by weight of the ceramic powder in view of facilitating vaporization through the strong infrared emission. When the fluoride powder is included in less than 3 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the ceramic powder, infrared emission may be insufficient, and when it is included in more than 10 parts by weight, there is a problem that light in a wavelength range outside the intended infrared wavelength range may be emitted. .

The ceramic catalyst plate manufactured through the above steps is located at the bottom of the stirring tank 210 in the stirring oil vapor 200, and is heated to a temperature of 120 to 180 ° C by the heater 240 to emit strong infrared rays. Such strong light wave energy is combined with thermal energy to effectively induce vaporization of mixed heavy oil even at a relatively low temperature (120 to 180 ° C.).

Since the conventional method for refining heavy oil into light oil required heating of 450 ° C. or higher, the cost of driving the refining process increased, and there was a problem of risk inevitably accompanying the high-temperature process. On the other hand, in the refiner of the present invention for converting mixed heavy oil into light oil, the combination of light wave energy and thermal energy emitted from the ceramic catalyst plate 230 effectively induces vaporization of the mixed heavy oil, and in the relatively low temperature range of 120 to 180 ° C. Since the process can be performed, it has the advantage of being economical and safe.

The mixed heavy oil injected into the stirring tank 210 is smoothly converted into oil vapor by the heater 240 and the ceramic catalyst plate 230 while being stirred by the stirring blades 220, and the oil vapor is converted into oil vapor on the upper surface of the stirring tank 210. is moved to the first separator 300 through the flue 250 installed in the

A leg 260 for maintaining the agitation tank 210 at an appropriate height is installed on the outer surface of the agitation tank 210, and a cylinder 261 for absorbing vibration or shock applied from the agitation tank 210 is installed on the bottom surface. The cylinder 261 not only supports the load of the stirring tank 210 but also absorbs vibration or shock generated from the stirring tank 210, thereby maintaining the stirring tank 210 in a more stable state.

In addition, on both sides of the cylinder 261, a shock absorber 262 that moves up and down together with the cylinder 261 is installed, and a plurality of these shock absorbers 262 are installed. A spring (not shown) is built into the shock absorber 262 to absorb shock or vibration of the agitation tank 210 .

A first separator 300 for generating light oil from oil vapor discharged through the flue 250 is installed above the agitated steam 200 . The first separator 300 purifies and condenses the oil vapor generated in the stirring tank 210 and is separated into light oil.

4 is a cross-sectional view showing a first separator 300 of a refinery for converting light oil into light oil from mixed heavy oil according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 4, the first separator 300 includes a first separator body 301 into which oil vapor flows from the agitated oil vapor 200 to the lower part; a first separator 310 provided inside the first separator body and disposed under the first separator body 301 to decompose and condense the oil vapor introduced from the agitated oil vapor to produce light oil; A second separator provided inside the first separator body 301 and disposed above the first separator 310 to generate light oil by decomposing and condensing oil vapor that has passed through the first separator 310 ( 320); And a third separator provided inside the first separator main body 301 and disposed above the second separator 320 to generate light oil by decomposing and condensing oil vapor that has passed through the second separator 320 ( 330);

Each of the first separation body 310, the second separation body 320, and the third separation body 330 is a hat-shaped separation plate 312 that allows the oil vapor introduced from the stirring oil steam to move from the center to the edge direction , 322, 332); Accommodating chambers 316, 326, 336 disposed under the separation plates 312, 322, 332 to accommodate a plurality of first ceramic balls 305 for decomposing the oil vapor introduced from the stirring oil vapor into oil vapor, which is light oil; Discharge ports 315, 325, and 335 installed below the receiving chambers 316, 326, and 336 to discharge light oil produced by condensation of the light oil vapor to the second separator.

The oil vapor vaporized in the agitated oil vapor 200 is cooled and extracted into liquid light oil by the first separator 310, the second separator 320, and the third separator 330 of the first separator 300. It can be.

* The first separator 300 is composed of a cylindrical first separator body 301 having a predetermined diameter, and a first ceramic ball first inlet 313 into which a ceramic catalyst is injected on the upper surface of the first separator body 301 ) is installed, and an inspection port 302 through which the inside of the first separator body 301 can be observed may be installed.

The first separation body 310, the second separation body 320, and the third separation body 330 include a hat-shaped separation plate having an inclination of a predetermined angle installed so that oil vapor is condensed after being in contact with it; and a plurality of first ceramic balls 305 present inside the first separation body 310 , the second separation body 320 , and the third separation body 330 .

More specifically, the first separator 310 is a first inlet pipe 311 fixed at a certain height from the bottom surface of the first separator body 301, and at a predetermined angle to the upper side of the first inlet pipe 311. A first separation plate 312 installed at an angle, a first ceramic ball inlet 313 installed at an angle so that the first ceramic ball 305 is inserted into the first separator 310, and the first inlet pipe 311 ) and a first cleaning tool 314 installed to clean the first separator plate 312 and a first discharge port 315 for discharging the oil separated by the first separator plate 312. there is.

The hat-shaped separator preferably has a diameter longer than that of the first to third inlet pipes in that it is suitable for separating oil. The predetermined angle is preferably 60 to 120° in the cross section of the separation plate in that oil vapor contacting the separation plate can be condensed and smoothly flowed down.

The first separation body 310, the second separation body 320, and the third separation body 330 have a first outlet 315, a second outlet 325, and a third outlet 315 installed to discharge generated light oil, respectively. An outlet 335 may be included, and a spring filter positioned at rear ends of the first outlet 315 , the second outlet 325 , and the third outlet 335 may be included. The spring filter refers to a filter in which a spring having a diameter that comes into contact with an inner diameter of the outlet along the outlet is installed. Existing outlets had a problem in that the amount of sludge increased and the outlet was blocked, but in the spring filter, the flow of oil and micro-vibration transmitted from the first ceramic ball 305, which will be described later, cause vibration of the spring. It is effective in that it can prevent the clogging of the outlet by sludge.

The second separator 320 and the third separator 330 may have the same structure as the first separator 310 .

mixing the first ceramic ball with ceramic powder, fluoride powder, and thermofluorescence rare-earth-based phosphor and forming it into a spherical shape with a diameter of 8 to 15 mm; and sintering the molded sphere at a temperature of 1300 to 1450 °C, wherein the ceramic is any one or a mixture of two or more selected from ZrO ₂ and MgO, and the fluoride is LiF, MgF ₂ and CaF ₂ , wherein the thermofluorescence rare earth phosphor material is a mixture of europium (Eu) and dysprosium (dysprosium, Dy), and the first ceramic ball is at a temperature of 80 to 180 ° C. It may emit light with a wavelength of 0.3 to 0.5 μm.

The ceramic powder, the fluoride powder, and the thermofluorescent rare earth phosphor material are mixed with 3 to 10 parts by weight of fluoride and 1 to 6 parts by weight of the thermoluminescent rare earth phosphor material based on 100 parts by weight of the ceramic powder. excitation) is desirable. If the mixing range is out of range, there is a problem in that it may be insufficient to excite the thermofluorescence of the first ceramic ball to be manufactured, and durability may be deteriorated or light with a wavelength other than the intended 0.3 to 0.5 μm wavelength may be emitted. .

The thermoluminescence rare earth phosphor material may be used by mixing europium oxide powder (chemical formula; Eu ₂ O ₃ ) and dysprosium oxide powder (chemical formula; Dy ₂ O ₃ ), and the final ceramic composite prepared by containing europium and dysprosium is It is induced to emit light with a wavelength of 0.3 to 0.5 μm in a temperature range of 80 to 180 ° C.

It is preferable that the first ceramic ball is manufactured by adding a step of efficiently exciting the sintered sphere by irradiating a laser with it in order to increase the generation of thermofluorescence.

More specifically, a plurality of first ceramic balls 305 are embedded inside the first separator 300, and the first ceramic balls 305 emit light wave energy with a wavelength of 0.3 to 0.5 μm, together with thermal energy. It not only causes the cracking and purification reaction of oil vapor, but also increases the purity of light oil that is separated and condensed.

When the high-temperature oil vapors come into contact with the surface of the first ceramic ball 305, the long hydrocarbon chains of the oil vapors (C ₂₀ to C ₆₀ ) are cracked by thermal energy and light wave energy, and are converted into oil vapor particles, which are light oil. In the first separator 310, light oil, which is a condensation of vapors, which are light oil, mostly decomposed into C ₁₆ ~ C ₁₈ , is produced, and in the second separator 320, which has undergone two decomposition processes, most of them are converted into C ₁₃ ~ C ₁₅ . Light oil, in which vapors of decomposed light oil are condensed, is collected, and light oil in which vapors, which are mostly decomposed into C ₁₀ to C ₁₂ , are condensed, is collected in the third separator 330 that has undergone three decomposition processes. Since the first ceramic balls 305 have a microporous structure, they also have an effect of filtering foreign substances included in the primary light oil. The number of first ceramic balls 305 may be tens to hundreds in each of the first separator, the second separator, and the third separator, but is not limited thereto. The number of first ceramic balls provided in each separator may be appropriately adjusted by the volume of the separator, the flow rate of oil vapor, and the flow rate.

The light oil collected as described above is transferred to the inlet pipe 402 of the second separator 400 through the outlets 315, 325, and 335.

5 is a cross-sectional view showing a second separator 400 in a refinery plant for converting mixed heavy oil into light oil according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 5, the second separator 400 includes a second separator body 401 into which light oil flows from the first separator; an inlet pipe 402 passing through the upper part of the second separator body 401 and having an end disposed inside the second separator body; a heating heater 404 installed under the second separator body 401 to remove moisture by heating light oil introduced into the second separator body; a plurality of second ceramic balls 410 accommodated inside the second separator body 401 and adsorbing and removing impurities included in the introduced light oil; and a discharge port 405 installed on the upper portion of the second separator body 401 to discharge light oil from which moisture and impurities are removed, and a spring filter (not shown) positioned at a rear end of the discharge port.

The second separator 400 separates again the moisture contained in the light oil produced in the first separator 300, so that higher quality liquid light oil can be obtained.

More specifically, the second separator 400 is composed of a cylindrical second separator body 401 having a certain diameter and height, and an inlet pipe 402 is installed from the upper side of the second separator body 401 to the inside. It can be.

Second ceramic ball inlets 403 are installed on both sides of the upper surface of the second separator body 401, and heating for heating the light oil introduced through the inlet pipe 402 is installed in the lower part of the second separator body 401. A heater 404 may be installed.

An outlet 405 capable of discharging light oil remaining inside the second separator body 401 is installed on the upper part of the second separator body 401, and moisture vaporizes on the upper part of the second separator body 401. An oil cooler 406 may be installed to cool a higher quality light oil having a reduced water content.

A spring filter is included at the rear end of the outlet 405. As described above in the first separator 300, the spring filter has a spring having a diameter that contacts the inner diameter of the outlet 405 along the outlet 405. Indicates the installed filter. In the existing outlet, there was a problem that the amount of sludge increased and the outlet was blocked, but in the spring filter, the flow of oil and the micro-vibration transmitted from the second ceramic ball 410, which will be described later, cause vibration of the spring. It is effective in that it can prevent the clogging of the outlet by sludge.

A plurality of temperature sensors 407 are installed at the lower and middle heights of the second separator body 401, and at the lower part of the second separator body 401, the dregs remaining inside the second separator body 401 are discharged. A cleaning tool 408 may be installed, and a drain 409 may be installed on the bottom surface of the second separator main body 401 to discharge moisture remaining by vaporization.

In addition, a second ceramic ball 410 is embedded inside the second separator 400, and the second ceramic ball 410 increases the purity of light oil. Since the second ceramic ball 410 has fine pores formed therein, it also has an effect of filtering impurities included in light oil.

In addition, a cooler 450 for lowering the temperature of oil is installed on one side of the second separator 400, and a light oil storage tank 460 for storing cooled oil may be installed below the cooler 450. .

forming the second ceramic ball into a spherical shape having a diameter of 8 to 15 mm by mixing ceramic powder, fluoride powder, and a fluorescence rare earth phosphor; and sintering the molded sphere at a temperature of 1300 to 1450 °C, wherein the ceramic is any one or a mixture of two or more selected from ZrO ₂ and MgO, and the fluoride is LiF, MgF ₂ and CaF ₂ , wherein the thermofluorescence rare earth phosphor material is a mixture of terbium (Tb) and dysprosium (Dy), and the second ceramic ball is at a temperature of 80 to 120 ° C. It may emit light with a wavelength of 0.4 to 0.6 μm.

The ceramic powder, the fluoride powder, and the thermofluorescence rare earth phosphor material are mixed with 3 to 10 parts by weight of fluoride and 1 to 6 parts by weight of the thermoluminescent rare earth phosphor material based on 100 parts by weight of the ceramic powder. desirable. If the mixing range is out of range, it may be insufficient to excite the thermofluorescence of the second ceramic ball, and durability may be deteriorated or light with a wavelength other than the intended 0.4 to 0.6 μm wavelength may be emitted. .

The thermofluorescent rare-earth phosphor material may be used by mixing terbium oxide powder (chemical formula: Tb ₃ O ₄ ) and dysprosium oxide powder (chemical formula: Dy ₂ O ₃ ), and the final ceramic composite prepared by containing terbium and dysprosium is It is induced to emit light with a wavelength of 0.4 to 0.6 μm at a temperature of 80 to 120 ° C.

It is preferable that the second ceramic ball is manufactured by further including the step of efficiently exciting the sintered sphere by irradiating a laser with it in order to increase the generation of thermofluorescence.

More specifically, the second ceramic ball 410 has a microporous structure and emits light wave energy in the visible ray region at a temperature of 80 to 120 °C. Accordingly, the light oil passing through the second separator 400 comes into contact with the second ceramic ball 410 to additionally decompose some residual heavy oil and adsorb moisture and impurities remaining in the light oil. As a result, it is possible to obtain high-quality liquid light oil.

As described above, according to the refiner for converting mixed heavy oil (C ₂₀ ~ C ₆₀ ) into light oil (C ₁₀ ~ C ₁₈ ) according to the present invention, the heavy mixed oil supplied to the stirred oil steam 200 is converted into heating energy and It can be converted into oil vapor by the light wave energy emitted from the ceramic catalyst plate, and the vaporized oil vapor can be primarily separated in the first separator 300, and the first separator 310 of the first separator 300 , It is possible to obtain commercially available high-grade light oil by cooling and extracting the oil vapor refined in stages by the second separation body 320 and the third separation body 330 to liquid phase at each stage.

In addition, the present invention may be installed around the mixed heavy oil storage tank and include a pollutant removing means for removing pollutants generated around the mixed heavy oil storage tank.

Components of the pollutant removing means largely include a polluted air removal unit 100a, an air pressure providing hose 300a, an air pressure providing unit 400a, and a polluted air intake hose 500a.

The polluted air removal unit 100a largely consists of two areas centered on the partition wall 31, and consists of a polluted air collecting unit 10 and a moisture collecting unit 20, and a moisture blocking means 24, It is made by additionally installing a suction pressure temporary blocking means (20a).

The contaminated air collecting unit 10 contains a box 11 for collecting contaminated air, and a plurality of micro-holes 12 are formed on the side or bottom of the box 11 to extract moisture from the contaminated air. .

The moisture collecting unit 20 is a space formed right next to the polluted air collecting unit 10, and serves to temporarily store moisture 700a extracted from the polluted air.

The barrier rib 31 serves to separate the polluted air collecting unit and the moisture collecting unit, and also serves to prevent the moisture collected in the water collecting unit from returning to the polluted air collecting unit. In addition, the barrier ribs may be configured in plurality, and in the present invention, three barrier ribs are alternately installed and, if necessary, a filter 31 is further installed therein to filter out foreign substances. Although the filter capacity can be increased by increasing the number of partition walls, it can be difficult to apply suction pressure to the polluted air collecting part. made me crazy

In addition, in the present invention, the cylinder device 1 is installed on one of the partition walls 31, the piston 2 is installed on the cylinder device 1, and the partition wall is connected to the piston. In addition, a water level detection sensor 3 is installed at one end of the partition wall, and when the water level detection sensor 3 checks that the water level is higher than the standard, the control unit 4 applies a control signal to operate the cylinder device 1 and the piston (2) is moved to move the bulkhead 31, and accordingly, the bulkhead 31 completely separates the moisture collecting part 20 and the polluted air collecting part 10, so that suction pressure is no longer provided to the polluted air collecting part. It was configured to stop water intake.

The water blocking means 24 is installed in the water collection area and blocks moisture from being sucked into the air pressure providing means through the air pressure providing hose. The moisture blocking means is installed obliquely, embossed, or rounded to prevent moisture present in the moisture collection area from being directed toward the vacuum pressure supply hose.

The suction pressure temporary blocking means 20a is installed in the moisture collecting part 20, the buoyancy generating part 21, the air collecting part 25 installed on the upper part of the buoyancy providing part, and the air collecting part 25 The air passage type body part 22 having a vacuum pressure providing passage 22a is formed and the air passage type piston 23 installed at the end of the air passage type body and having the vacuum pressure supply passage 22a extended. ), and when moisture is collected, the buoyancy generating unit 21 rises, and accordingly, the air through-type body part and the piston rise, and the air through-type piston 23 rises while the air pressure providing hose 300a ) to temporarily close the vacuum pressure supply passage 22a, and accordingly, it is possible to block water from directly entering the air pressure supply unit 400a through the air pressure supply hose 300a.

That is, the suction pressure temporary blocking means 20a is installed in the water collecting part 20 and installed in connection with the buoyancy generating part 21 designed to float when the water rises to provide vacuum pressure through the polluted air collecting part and at the same time When moisture rises and the buoyancy generating unit floats, the air passage type body 22 in which the vacuum pressure supply passage 22a is formed so that the buoyancy generation unit floats upward, and is installed at the end of the air passage type body, and the vacuum pressure supply passage 22a is extended and installed. And when the air passage-type body part rises due to the rise of the buoyancy generator, it rises upward and includes an air passage-type piston 23 that induces blocking of vacuum pressure.

That is, the present invention uses the suction pressure temporary blocking means (20a) and the cylinder device (1) to block the vacuum pressure when moisture above the standard is generated, and when the moisture gradually rises, the suction pressure temporary blocking means (20a) is operated If the air pressure temporary blocking device (20a) fails and does not operate properly or the polluted air removal unit (100a) suddenly falls down and the suction pressure temporary blocking means (20a) is not operated before the sensor The air pressure providing unit 400 is protected by detecting moisture above the standard through and operating the cylinder device.

In other words, when the moisture rises, the suction pressure temporary blocking means (20a) first tries to temporarily block the suction pressure, and if the vacuum pressure is not properly blocked, the water level is detected by the sensor (3) and the cylinder device (1) is operated to close the partition wall 31 to block the inflow of moisture, and also stop the flow of vacuum pressure to prevent moisture from being sucked into the air pressure providing unit 400a.

The air pressure providing hose (300a) is located in the water collecting unit, and provides air pressure to the water collecting unit to extract moisture from the contaminated air supplied through the contaminated air collecting unit to pass through the partition wall and reach the water collecting unit. provides

The air pressure providing unit 400a is installed at the end of the air pressure providing hose and provides air pressure through the air pressure providing hose.

The polluted air intake hose 500a is located in the polluted air collecting unit and provides a function of introducing polluted air into the box using air pressure provided from the air pressure providing unit.

Hereinafter, the overall operation of the present invention will be described.

First, the present invention provides air pressure to the polluted air removal unit 100a through the air pressure providing hose 300a by operating the air pressure providing unit 400a above the polluted air removal unit 100a.

Then, the air pressure transmitted to the polluted air removing unit 100a is provided to the water collecting unit 20, the air pressure is provided to the water collecting unit 20 through the partition wall 31, and finally the polluted air is sucked in. Vacuum pressure is provided to the hose 500 .

Thereafter, the contaminated air is sucked in using the contaminated air intake hose 500a. When the contaminated air intake hose 500a is brought to the point of the contaminated air, the contaminated air is automatically sucked in by vacuum pressure and the contaminated air removal unit is removed. It is transported to the polluted air collecting unit 10, and thus stored in the box 11 existing in the polluted air collecting unit 10.

In addition, fine holes 12 are formed at the bottom or side of the box 11, and the moisture separated from the contaminated air escapes through the fine holes 12, and the moisture passes through the partition wall 31. gather in the collection unit.

At this time, the moisture moving to the water collecting unit 20 can be splashed by vacuum pressure, but is blocked by the water blocking means 24 and falls to the bottom of the water collecting unit, so that the air pressure providing hose 300a and the air pressure control It prevents moisture from moving to the study (400a).

In addition, when the moisture collecting unit 10 is filled with moisture, the moisture can move to the air pressure providing hose 300a, and the suction pressure temporary blocking means 20a operates to block the air pressure, so that the moisture is transferred to the air pressure providing hose 300 and the air pressure supply unit 400a to prevent movement to protect the device.

In addition, even if the suction pressure temporary blocking means does not operate, the water level is detected by the sensor and if it is above the standard, the cylinder device is operated to lower the partition wall and automatically block it, thereby blocking further entry of water.

After all, since the present invention provides air pressure to contaminated air to easily extract moisture, and additionally installs an air pressure temporary blocking means, it is possible to prevent loss of the air pressure providing unit due to the extracted moisture.

100: storage tank 200: stirring oil vapor
210: stirring tank 211: inlet
212: sludge outlet 213: temperature sensor
214: external ladder 215: manhole
216: internal ladder 220: stirring blades
221: motor 222: rotation shaft
230: ceramic catalyst plate 240: heater
250: year 260: bridge
261: cylinder 262: shock absorber
300: first separator 301: first separator body
302: inspection port 303: exit
305: first ceramic ball 310: first separator
311: first inlet pipe 312: first separator plate
313: first ceramic ball first inlet 314: first cleaning port
315: first outlet 316: first receiving chamber
326: second accommodating chamber 336: third accommodating chamber
320: second separator
321: second inlet pipe 322: second separator plate
323: first ceramic ball second inlet 325: second outlet
330: third separator 331: third inlet pipe
332: third separator 333: first ceramic ball third inlet
335: third outlet 400: second separator
401: second separator body 402: inlet pipe
403: second ceramic ball inlet 404: heating heater
405: outlet 406: oil cooler
407: temperature sensor 408: cleaning tool
409: drain 410: second ceramic ball
450: cooler 460: light oil storage tank

Claims (4)

A mixed heavy oil storage tank;
Stirring oil vapor receiving the mixed heavy oil from the mixed heavy oil storage tank and converting the mixed heavy oil into oil vapor by heating it with a heater installed at the bottom while agitating it with a stirring blade;
a first separator installed in communication with the agitated oil vapor and generating light oil by decomposing and condensing the oil vapor introduced from the agitated oil vapor;
A second separator installed in communication with the first separator and removing moisture contained in the light oil by heating the light oil introduced from the first separator with a heating heater installed at the bottom;
It is installed around the mixed heavy oil storage tank and comprises a pollutant removing means for removing pollutants generated around the mixed heavy oil storage tank. According to claim 1,
The contaminant removal means,
It consists of a polluted air collecting unit 10, a moisture collecting unit 20, and a partition wall 31 installed between the polluted air collecting unit and the moisture collecting unit, and the polluted air collecting unit 10 has a box 11 is accommodated, and a polluted air removal unit 100a formed by forming a plurality of fine holes 12 for extracting moisture on the side or bottom of the box 11;
An air pressure providing hose (300a) located in the moisture collecting unit and providing a function to extract moisture from the contaminated air supplied through the polluted air collecting unit by providing vacuum pressure to the water collecting unit to reach the moisture collecting unit after passing through the partition wall. )and;
an air pressure providing unit (400a) installed at an end of the air pressure providing hose and providing vacuum pressure through the air pressure providing hose;
It is located in the polluted air collecting unit and is configured to include a polluted air intake hose (500a) that provides a function of introducing polluted air into the box using vacuum pressure provided from the air pressure providing unit;
The cylinder device 1 and the piston 2 are connected to the partition wall 31, the water level sensor 3 is installed at one end of the partition wall 31, and the cylinder device 1 is driven when a certain water level is measured. to move the bulkhead to install a control unit 4 that controls the flow of moisture;
Refiner for converting from mixed heavy oil to light oil, characterized in that the moisture collecting unit is further provided with a moisture blocking means (24) for blocking moisture from being sucked into the air pressure providing unit through the air pressure providing hose. According to claim 2,
The moisture blocking means 24,
A refinery for converting mixed heavy oil into light oil, characterized in that it is made in an inclined shape, an embossed shape, or a rounded shape to prevent moisture present in the water collection area from being directed toward the vacuum pressure supply hose. According to claim 2,
The suction pressure temporary blocking means 20a,
It is installed in the moisture collecting unit 20 and is connected to the buoyancy generating unit 21 designed to float when the moisture rises to provide vacuum pressure through the polluted air collecting unit, and at the same time, when the moisture rises and the buoyancy generating unit floats, it rises upward. The air passage type body 22 in which the air pressure supply passage 22a is formed and the vacuum pressure supply passage 22a are installed at the end of the air passage type body, and the air passage type body rises due to the rise of the buoyancy generating unit. Refinery for converting from mixed heavy oil to light oil, characterized in that it comprises an air passing-type piston (23) that rises above the lower surface to induce blocking of vacuum pressure.

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