CN104496136B - Indirect heating and thermal desorption treatment device and method for oily solid waste - Google Patents
Indirect heating and thermal desorption treatment device and method for oily solid waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN104496136B CN104496136B CN201410805630.6A CN201410805630A CN104496136B CN 104496136 B CN104496136 B CN 104496136B CN 201410805630 A CN201410805630 A CN 201410805630A CN 104496136 B CN104496136 B CN 104496136B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an indirect heating and thermal desorption treatment device and method for oily solid waste. The device comprises an automatic control unit, a feeding pretreatment unit, a feeding metering and protecting unit and an indirect heating and thermal desorption unit, wherein the feeding pretreatment unit, the feeding metering and protecting unit and the indirect heating and thermal desorption unit are sequentially communicated with one another through an oily solid waste material conveying mode; a desorbed gas and oil gas outlet of the indirect heating and thermal desorption unit is connected with a desorbed gas separating and purifying unit; a discharge hole of the indirect heating and thermal desorption unit is connected with a muck post-treatment unit; the indirect heating and thermal desorption unit is composed of a heating cavity and a thermal desorption cavity; a heated part of the thermal desorption cavity is arranged in the heating cavity; and an internal space of the thermal desorption cavity and the internal space of the heating cavity are two cavities which are independently separated and are not communicated. The invention further discloses a method using device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of oil-containing solid waste and indirectly heat thermal desorption processing means and method, more specifically,
Relate to a kind of method and device that petroleum hydrocarbon or organic pollution are desorbed from solid waste separation, mainly
It is applied to resource and the nothing of the oil-containing solid wastes such as various oily sludge, oil base well drilling detritus and oil contaminated soil
Evilization processes.
Background technology
In oilfield process, every annual meeting produces substantial amounts of ground sludge, operation greasy filth, big tank bottoms mud and water
Process the oily sludges such as spoil disposal；Exploration at oil or gas well can be in drilling process, and more and more recover the oil oil base
Or the Advanced Drilling Technology of synthesis base, produce substantial amounts of oil base well drilling detritus simultaneously；Due to discharge in violation of regulations or thing
Therefore leakage, every annual meeting produces substantial amounts of greasy dirt and contaminates the soil exceeded standard；It addition, the row such as oil refining, petrochemical industry and iron and steel
Industry, also can produce substantial amounts of oily sludge.Above-mentioned oil-containing solids garbage has been put into National Hazard and has given up
Gurry register, except land occupation, pollutant also can enter by diffusive migration to soil and groundwater
Ecological environment, causes serious environmental hazard, it is therefore necessary to realize harmless treatment and disposal.Oil-containing solids
Innoxious and the recycling treatment of garbage and disposal, be the social responsibility that must fulfil of enterprise and legal responsibility.
Due to oil-containing solids garbage containing some oil, therefore, innoxious while recovered oil be again to realize resource
Change the ideal and environmental protection treatment mode utilized, it addition, " oil and gas exploitation industry pollution prevention technique policy "
Middle clear stipulaties " should reclaim ground crude oil, and crude Treatment, waste water process the greasy filth (sand) etc. produced
In oily substance, oily sludge resource utilization rate should reach more than 90%, and residual solid refuse should be according to
" National Hazard refuse register " and hazardous waste judging standard identification, according to recognition result recycling or
Harmlessness disposing ".Therefore, it is badly in need of developing safe and reliable technology and device, the oil field that pile up like a mountain is contained
Oil solid waste thoroughly realizes innoxious and recycling treatment.Current domestic referential innoxious standard is " oil field
Oily sludge comprehensive utilization Environmental capacity standard " DB23/T 1413-2010, the wherein residue after predetermined processing
TPH content is less than 2%, and other indexs are tested by the appraisal and evaluation of regulation.
Owing to oil-containing solids garbage kind is many, complicated component, contains substantial amounts of foreign material simultaneously, therefore processes
Difficulty very big, invest relative with operating cost the highest.Except pretreatment minimizing and foreign material sorting process,
The treatment technology of recent year experimental study and engineering practice has: solid-liquid leaching method (includes washing and leaching
Agent leaches), microbial method (including compost and farming etc.), solidification fill up, recharge stratum and heat treating process (bag
Include burning, superheated steam desorption, Thermal desorption and thermal desorption etc.).It is bigger owing to oil-containing solid waste i.e. containing granule
Sand preferable with mechanical strength, again containing the suitable foundry loam not having concrete form or chemical sludge, and has parent
The surface of oil, therefore sand can be processed to the most innoxious by solid-liquid leaching method, but oil, foundry loam and water three are difficult to point
Layer and separation, existence processes thoroughly in actual applications, separative element is difficult to stable operation or leaching agent stream
Problem of both the technology such as mistake rate is the biggest and economy.Microbial method needs pollutant dilution and is distributed to one
Determining degree, need to take substantial amounts of soil, the innoxious cycle is the longest, partial contamination thing such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and
The Organic substances such as aphthenic acids may the most almost cannot be degraded, it is thus possible to faces bigger environmental risk.Solidification is filled out
Completely being embedded among solid by firming agent by oil, then safety is filled up, but can not finally exempt pollutant again
, there is risk in probability that secondary slow release leaches and corresponding environmental liability, additionally oil-containing the highest aqueous needs
Curing agent content is the biggest, and the amount of garbage is actual to be increased considerably.Recharge stratum and need applicable stratum
Space, and guarantee will not polluted underground water, finite capacity, there is risk.Burning can make Organic substance thorough
Innoxious, but there is no recovered oil, the form of oil content, water content and solid be there are certain requirements simultaneously,
The efficiency that otherwise appreciable impact is burned, meanwhile, the intractability of incineration tail gas is relatively big, causes air pollution
Very risky.Superheated steam desorption method is fully contacted the de-of realization oil with superheated steam after needing to spray solid waste
Attached, the disposal ability that under current technical conditions, equipment can realize is the least, and there is restriction operation steady in a long-term
Technical problem.Thermal desorption technology is ripe at Refining Chemical Industry, at relatively high temperatures, Organic substance can be made abundant
The mixed gas being cracked under room temperature various small molecule hydrocarbon classes, hydrogen and carbon monoxide etc. for gaseous state (resolves
Gas), it is possible to achieve innoxious, but the purification of resolution gas more than needed and recycling existing problems, additionally this technology
Requiring the highest to analyzing device, security risk is relatively big, and operation maintenance and management difficulty are higher.Thermal desorption or heat
Desorption technique at moderate temperatures, make oil from solid evaporate desorption be recycled, realize simultaneously resource and
Innoxious, thermal desorption technology is feasible and reliable in principle, but needs to carry out for technique and device
Innovative ability is suitable for the process of oil-containing solid waste.
Domestic patent CN101972773A " forced ventilation-auger thermal desorption renovation of organic pollution soil
Unit ", CN102069088A " unit of repairing organic contaminated soil by soil ventilation-vertical desorption furnace "
With CN102284473A " unit is repaired in drum-type soil thermal desorption " and CN203508590U " swinging
Soil Thermal desorbing prosthetic device " disclose thermal desorption processes technology and the dress of a kind of organic polluted soil respectively
Put, but owing to the character of oil-containing solid waste is dramatically different with soil, heating simultaneously exists inflammable and explosive oil and gas and waves
Send out, process oil-containing solid waste and unit blocking and oil and gas will be caused to explode, additionally there is no the function of recovered oil, discharge
Tail gas can cause atmospheric pollution, therefore these three Technology and realize device and be not suitable for processing oil-containing solids,
The most also not used for case and the research of oil-containing fixed-end forces.Domestic patent CN103406346A "
The method of kind of room temperature desorbing associating chemical oxidation renovation of organic pollution soil and processing unit " disclose one and turn over
Throw natural evaporation desorbing add chemical oxidation scheme process organic polluted soil, the method be applicable to volatile and
The removal of oxidizable organic pollution, and contaminated air, be more not suitable for the oil that distillation point is higher and the most oxidizable
Removal.Domestic patent CN103447292A " in-situ thermal desorption treatment technology of a kind of contaminated soil and list
Unit " disclose a kind of in-situ thermal desorption treatment technology, this technology is not suitable for that porosity is the lowest, oil-containing equally
The oil-containing solid waste that aqueous higher and oily distillation point is higher.
Summary of the invention
Based on the problems referred to above, the invention provides a kind of oil-containing solid waste and indirectly heat thermal desorption processing method and dress
Put, with the shortcoming overcoming existing THE METHOD OF THERMAL DESORPTION.
In the present invention, oil-containing solid waste indirectly heats thermal desorption processing means and includes the automatic control being uniformly coordinated control
Unit processed, the feed pretreatment units sequentially connected by oil-containing solid waste material load mode, charging metering and
Protected location, indirectly heating and thermal desorption unit, at described indirect heating and the desorbing gas and oil of thermal desorption unit
Gas outlet connects desorption steam isolation of purified unit, in described indirect heating and the discharge outlet of thermal desorption unit
Connecting dregs post-processing unit, described indirect heating and thermal desorption unit are by heating cavity and thermal desorption cavity group
Becoming, wherein the heated portion of thermal desorption cavity is placed among described heating cavity, described thermal desorption cavity interior
Space, portion and the inner space of described heating cavity are that two independences are separated and mutual disconnected cavity.
Described thermal desorption cavity includes cylinder cylindrically, close by sealing device at the two ends of described cylinder
Close, be respectively arranged at two ends with charging aperture and discharging opening, in the middle part of described cylinder up at described cylinder
Convex oil gas collection chamber of arching upward, is provided with oil gas vent on the wall in described oil gas collection chamber, simultaneously at described cylinder
Multiple thermocouple that described cylinder can be carried out thermometric it is provided with in the outside wall surface in body and oil gas collection chamber；Institute
Being provided with a screw propulsion agitator in stating thermal desorption cavity, the main shaft of this screw propulsion agitator extends described
The sealing device of barrel end couples with frequency conversion motor.
The step-by-step movement impeller that helical pitch progressively diminishes it is provided with along described main shaft, in described step-by-step movement on described main shaft
It is welded with on impeller and turns over mud plate, on described main shaft, be welded with gravity simultaneously clean chain.
Described charging aperture and discharge outlet are equipped with gas lock, and this gas lock connects nitrogen unit, to described charging
Mouth and discharging opening carry out nitrogen-sealed.
Described heating cavity is a steel outer chamber, described steel outer chamber be externally provided with external fuel burner,
Fixed gas nozzles, are provided with baffle plate, inwall has been sticked insulating firebrick in described steel outer chamber, exist simultaneously
Described steel outer chamber is provided with chimney.
Described desorption steam isolation of purified unit is arranged on described indirect heating and the oil gas vent of thermal desorption unit
Place, by the vacuum jet pump sequentially connected by pipeline, centrifugal pump, three phase separator, cyclone separator,
Dehumidifier and piping filter composition, described vacuum jet pump connects through the oil gas vent of pipeline with thermal desorption cavity
Logical, connect with described centrifugal pump, three phase separator simultaneously, the stripping gas outlet of described three phase separator is through pipe
Road connects with described cyclone separator, and the stripping gas outlet of described cyclone separator is through pipeline and described dehumidifier
Connection, the stripping gas outlet of described dehumidifier connects with described piping filter through pipeline, described filter pipeline
The stripping gas outlet of device directly exports the gas that can recycle；Described cyclone separator, dehumidifier and pipe
The separator outlet of road filter connects with described three phase separator；Described centrifugal pump and described three phase separator
Connection.
Described desorption steam isolation of purified unit is arranged on described indirect heating and the oil gas vent of thermal desorption unit
Place, by the spray cooler being sequentially connected with by pipeline, the first coalescing separator, regeneration blower fan, second is gathered
Knot separator, dehumidifier and piping filter composition, it is defeated that described spray cooler connects described thermal desorption cavity
The thermal desorption gas gone out.
Described spray cooler includes tank body, multiple nozzle assembly, coarse separation district, spark arrester, unidirectional
Valve, the top of described tank body is sequentially connected with described spark arrester and check valve, and the plurality of nozzle assembly uniformly divides
It is arranged on the sidewall of described tank body cloth, and stretches into the inside of described tank body, be positioned in described tank interior
Position above nozzle assembly installation site loads described coarse separation district, the bottom of described tank body be provided with into
QI KOU and outlet, be provided with gas outlet in the junction at described tank body top Yu described spark arrester.
In the present invention, oil-containing solid waste heats thermal desorption processing method indirectly, includes following steps:
1) by feed pretreatment units, liquid greasy filth is made predrainage to process, more solid with aqueous relatively low oil-containing
Useless complete foreign material sorting, homogenizing in preprocessing field together and the pre-treatment job such as break up, stand-by in Material Staging Area,
The material of Material Staging Area generally controls aqueous to be less than 30%, and oil-containing does not limits, and obtains being suitable for what indirect thermal desorbing processed
The material of relative homogeneous；
2) measured by charging and protected location, pretreated material measured, sieve, Magneto separate and
Conveying, is delivered to indirectly heat and thermal desorption unit after controlling with quantitative adjusting and constant；
3) by indirectly heat and thermal desorption unit to charging metering and protected location conveying material realize profit with
The separation of solid phase, in this indirect heating and thermal desorption unit, oil-containing solid waste material is by with breaing up mechanism
The horizontal Double helix of non-equidistance advances along axis, is progressively warming up to the thermal desorption temperature set, at anoxia bar
Under part, it is sequentially completed intensification, water evaporation, most of oil desorption and the heat of small part gum asphalt cracking
Desorption process, it is achieved solid innoxious, controls the desorbing time of staying of material by setting the rotating speed of spiral,
The time of staying controls 20～30min, and the material completing thermal desorption is referred to as dregs, and its TPH content controls little
In the level of 1%, entering dregs post-processing unit from desorbing chamber discharging opening, the vapour phase desorbed passes through desorption steam
Outlet enters desorption steam isolation of purified unit；
4) heating and the heating of thermal desorption unit indirectly are entered from the fixed gas of desorption steam isolation of purified cell processing
Cavity burns, and as supplemental heat source, heating cavity combustion tail gas passes through smoke stack emission air.
Described step 4) in desorption steam isolation of purified unit by negative pressure ventilation equipment by desorption steam from indirectly heating
And in the desorbing cavity of thermal desorption unit, draw entrance desorption steam isolation of purified unit, desorption steam isolation of purified list
The water that unit discharges absorbs the heat of desorption steam and temperature raises, carry simultaneously water that desorption steam is condensed out and
After oil, and a small amount of dirt washed out, entrance circulating water treatment and receipts oil unit process, loop back again
To desorption steam isolation of purified unit as cooling water, before stripping gas enters desorption steam isolation of purified unit,
Use petroleum hydrocarbon steam filter plant, the dust in vapour phase is filtered.
Device and method in the present invention is to combine oil-containing solid waste feature, former based on indirect thermal desorbing or thermal desorption
Reason so that the dregs TPH content after process is less than 1%, and does not produce the waste water of secondary pollution, waste gas and give up
Slag, it is achieved oil-containing solid waste innoxious, has reclaimed the oil of more than 75% in greasy filth simultaneously, and has been used by fixed gas
Make auxiliary fuel, it is achieved that resource.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that in the present invention, oil-containing solid waste indirectly heats thermal desorption and is processed into the process flow diagram of covering device.
Fig. 2 is charging metering and the schematic diagram of protected location in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is indirectly to heat and the structural representation of thermal desorption unit in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional schematic in Fig. 3 along line A-A.
Fig. 5 is indirectly to heat and the enlarged diagram of thermal desorption unit inner main axis in the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of desorption steam isolation of purified unit embodiment one in the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of desorption steam isolation of purified unit embodiment two in the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of spray cooler in the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment in the present invention is elaborated.
As it is shown in figure 1, oil-containing solid waste indirectly heats thermal desorption processing means and includes the pre-place of charging in the present invention
Reason unit 1, charging metering and protected location 2, indirectly heating and thermal desorption unit 3, desorption steam isolation of purified
Unit 5, circulating water treatment and receipts oil unit 6, dregs post-processing unit 4, sewage purification unit 7, nitrogen
Protected location 8 and automatic control unit 9.
Feed pretreatment units 1 is provided with the charging stockyard that the classification of oil-containing solid waste accepts and deposits, clear in charging stockyard
Except obvious foreign material rubbish such as packaging bags, turner tool is then used to complete the blending homogenizing of all kinds of greasy filth and beat
Dissipate operation, on the mechanical rotary drum of turner tool, be provided with one group of plate washer, in turner tool traveling process,
Soft foreign material may collect on baffle plate, and the rigidity impurity of bulk turns over to be thrown both sides and artificially collect.Pre-through charging
Processing unit obtains aqueous no more than 30% after completing, the oil-containing solid waste of diameter no more than 40mm is transferred to get the raw materials ready
District.
Charging metering and protected location 2, as in figure 2 it is shown, include storage bin hopper 20, outfeed belt 21 and material
Title 22, reciprocating sieve 23, magnetic separating apparatus 26, charging belt 25 and the basis coupled with automatic control unit 9
The equipment such as ground switch board.Outfeed belt 21 and material claim 22 underfaces being located at storage bin hopper 20, at storage bin hopper
The discharging direction of 20 is provided with cloth adjustable plate 24, makes discharging can be evenly distributed on outfeed belt by the thickness specified
On 21, the motor of outfeed belt 21 is the motor of variable ratio frequency changer speed governing, and material claims to be provided with weight sensor in 22,
It is positioned at below outfeed belt 21, for monitoring the weight of material of unit length on outfeed belt 21, additionally sets
There is the gait of march of speed probe monitoring belt.Reciprocating sieve 23 is provided with the screen cloth of 40mm, by vibration motor
Driving, reciprocating sieve 23 is provided with oversize outlet and siftage discharging opening 27, siftage discharging opening 27
Surface in charging belt 25 feed end.Charging belt 25 angle of inclination is less than 15 °, motor drive,
Charging belt 25 is arranged over 2～4 groups of dismountable ferromagnetism permanent magnets or electric magnet.Local switch board is
Equipment distribution in charging metering and protected location 2, and by PLC display running status and parameter, and
The quantitative adjusting of discharging and constant control, and switch board is additionally provided with communication interface and automatic control unit communication, can
Realize the long-range control of charging metering and protected location 2.
Heating and thermal desorption unit 3 indirectly, as it is shown on figure 3, be made up of heating cavity 45 and thermal desorption cavity,
Wherein the heated portion of thermal desorption cavity is placed among heating cavity 45, the inner space of thermal desorption cavity with add
The inner space of hot cavity 45 is that two independences are separated and mutual disconnected cavity.
Thermal desorption cavity includes cylinder 30 cylindrically, and the two ends of this cylinder 30 are close by sealing device 31
Close, be respectively arranged at two ends with charging aperture 32 and discharging opening 33, in the middle part of cylinder 30 at cylinder 30
Arch upward oil gas collection chamber 35 toward epirelief, the wall in oil gas collection chamber 35 is provided with oil gas vent 36 (also referred to as
Stripping gas exports), oil gas collection chamber 35 is arc-shaped structure, with oil gas after the upper shed of oil gas collection chamber 3
Collecting chamber 35 is welded to connect, and is provided with multiple energy in the outside wall surface in cylinder 30 and oil gas collection chamber 35 simultaneously
Cylinder 30 is carried out the thermocouple 37 of thermometric.The cylinder 30 major part in addition to discharging opening 33 is placed in heating
Cavity 45 is internal, and heating cavity 45 is a steel outer chamber, and being externally provided with 4～6 at steel outer chamber can be remote
The burner 42 of process control, fixed gas nozzles, in steel outer chamber, it is provided with baffle plate, inwall has been sticked thermal insulation
Refractory brick, is provided with chimney 47 on described steel outer chamber simultaneously.Use natural gas or fuel Heating, make to add
Cylinder 30 is heated after being heated by hot cavity 45 inside indirectly, and the inner surface at cylinder 30 is provided with resistance to fire screen
Hot material.
Being provided with a spiral propeller in cylinder 30, this spiral propeller includes the used main shaft wearing cylinder 30
34, main shaft 34 is provided with the step-by-step movement impeller 38 that helical pitch progressively diminishes along main shaft 34, one end of main shaft 34
Extend outside heating cavity 45 and cylinder 30 through obturator 31, after shaft coupling 39, drive mechanism 40 with
Frequency conversion motor 41 couples.Main shaft 34 is processed by seamless steel pipe, and material is heat-resisting carbon steel, step-by-step movement impeller
38 and cylinder 30 inwall between leave certain interval, it is ensured that will not clamping stagnation between step-by-step movement impeller 38 and cylinder 30.
It is welded with on step-by-step movement impeller 38 and turns over mud plate 43, it is ensured that mud uniformly mixes, stir-fries, also ensure mud simultaneously
Separate with cylinder 30 inwall；On main shaft 34, it is welded with gravity simultaneously cleans chain 44, it is ensured that mud pushes away with spiral
Enter the adhesion of device, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5.
Being equipped with gas lock at the charging aperture 32 of thermal desorption cavity and discharging opening 33, gas lock is driven by the motor of adjustable speed
Dynamic, and it is provided with the interface being connected with nitrogen protected location 8.Gas lock at charging aperture 32 is arranged over feed hopper 46,
For accepting the sludge material proposed by charging belt 25 in charging metering and protected location 2, at discharging opening 33
Gas lock is connected with dregs post-processing unit 4, and oil gas vent 36 is connected with desorption steam isolation of purified unit 5.
The gas lock of spiral propeller and charging aperture 32, discharging opening 33 all can reversely rotate, to eliminate unexpected blocking
Wait indefinitely problem with card, automatic control unit 9 control.
Oily sludge material and flame are separated by heating and thermal desorption unit 3 indirectly in the present invention completely, real
The most indirectly heat, utilize gas lock isolation protection, sealing and the additional nitrogen gas shielded of input and output material end simultaneously, anti-
In only air enters thermal desorption cavity, eliminate the risk of internal-combustion and blast, it is ensured that indirectly heating and
The safety of thermal desorption unit 3.
Petroleum hydrocarbon steam filter can be connected, it is to avoid dust enters follow-up each unit at oil gas vent 36.
Burner 42 is provided with air, fuel ratio regulation valve, and desorption temperature can be by the PLC of automatic control unit 9
Controlling to be set as designated value, running temperature is 400～600 DEG C.Exhaust combustion chamber pipe is provided with adjustable valve, adjusts
The heat distribution of whole transverse section.Combustor is provided with multiple thermocouple and monitors temperature signal continuously, to control burner
Firing rate.
Indirectly heating and thermal desorption unit 3 by oil-containing solid waste by the double spiral shell of level with the non-equidistance breaing up mechanism
Revolve and advance along axis, be progressively warming up to the thermal desorption temperature set, under anoxic conditions, be sequentially completed intensification,
Water evaporation, most of oil desorption and the thermal desorption process of small part gum asphalt cracking, it is achieved solid
Innoxious, control the desorbing time of staying of material by setting the rotating speed of spiral, the time of staying control 20～
30min.The axle that flat spin is sealed by band with desorbing cavity is connected, it is to avoid leak into air.Complete thermal desorption
Material be referred to as dregs, its TPH content can be controlled in the level less than 1%, enters from desorbing cavity discharging opening 33
Entering dregs post-processing unit 4, discharging opening is provided with the gas lock of band nitrogen protection, avoids air to enter as far as possible, solves
The vapour phase of sucking-off enters desorption steam isolation of purified unit 5 by oil gas vent 36.
Desorption steam isolation of purified unit 5 is arranged on heating and the top of thermal desorption unit 3 indirectly, takes out with negative pressure
Gas mode extracts desorption gas out in the thermal desorption cavity of heating and thermal desorption unit 3 indirectly.Desorption steam separates
Clean unit 5 is a condensing plant, and this condensing plant can use indirect cooling device or spray cold
But equipment two kinds.Wherein:
As shown in Figure 6, indirect cooling device includes the vacuum jet pump 50, centrifugal sequentially connected by pipeline
Pump 51, three phase separator 52, cyclone separator 53, dehumidifier 54 and piping filter 55, vacuum jet pump
50 connect, simultaneously with centrifugal pump 51, three-phase through the oil gas vent 36 of pipeline with indirectly heating and thermal desorption unit 3
Separator 52 connects, and the stripping gas outlet of three phase separator 52 connects with cyclone separator 53 through pipeline, eddy flow
The stripping gas outlet of separator 53 connects with dehumidifier 54 through pipeline, and the stripping gas of dehumidifier 54 exports through pipeline
Connecting with piping filter 55, the stripping gas outlet of piping filter 55 directly exports the gas that can recycle
Body.
The separator outlet of cyclone separator 53, dehumidifier 54 and piping filter 55 is with three phase separator 52 even
Logical；Centrifugal pump 51 connects with three phase separator 52.Vacuum jet pump 50 is suction with the combination of centrifugal pump 51
Equipment, is also time condensation equipment, and i.e. under the effect of centrifugal pump 51, in three phase separator 52, extraction is clear
Water, additional specific flow velocity and flow after pump 51, enter vacuum jet pump 50, when current quickly flow by centrifugation
Cross vacuum jet pump 50 internal, drive vacuum, suck by the stripping gas indirectly heated and thermal desorption unit 3 produces,
Sufficiently mixing in vacuum jet pump 50, mixed air-water mixture enters three under gravity
Phase separator 52.In the gas-water separation district within three phase separator 52, heavy solid ash group in mixture
Part and mink cell focus be deposited to bottom under gravity, receive mud groove through taper and collect and discharge, light in mixed zone
Matter oily hydro carbons floats to liquid level top, collects recycling, the volatility in mixture through adjustable weir plate
Hydrocarbon gas, forms gas-phase space at separator top, and the air vent through top is discharged, and enters back into eddy flow and divides
From device 53, dehumidifier 54 and piping filter 55, remove the ash of residual in gas phase component, steam and its
His impurity, the gas processed is air and volatile hydrocarbon mixture, through pipeline enter circulating water treatment and
Receive oil unit 6 or return to indirectly heat and in the heating cavity 45 of thermal desorption unit 3, carry out heating furnace combustion-supporting with
Realization makes full use of.
Desorption steam isolation of purified unit 5 can also use spraying cooling equipment, as it is shown in fig. 7, spraying cooling equipment
Include be sequentially communicated by pipeline spray cooler the 60, first coalescing separator 61, regeneration blower fan 62,
Second coalescing separator 63, dehumidifier 54 and piping filter 55.
As shown in Figure 8, spray cooler 60 includes the cylindrical tank body 64 being made up of carbon steel, tank body 64
Top seals and is provided with ejector lid 72, and is sealedly connected with spark arrester 67 and unidirectional successively through ejector lid 72
Valve 68, equally distributed on the sidewall of tank body 64 is provided with multiple nozzle assembly 65, the one of nozzle assembly 65
End stretches into the inside of tank body 64, is internally located at above nozzle assembly 65 installation site at tank body 64 and loads coalescence
Disengagement zone 66, the bottom welding at tank body 64 has cone bucket, and the lowermost end struggled against at cone is provided with outlet 71,
And multiple air inlet 69 is set along tank body, at tank body 64 top at tank body 64 for 64 1 weeks near the position of cone bucket
The junction of spark arrester 67 is provided with gas outlet 70.Gas outlet 70 is sequentially connected with the first coalescence by pipeline and divides
From device 61, regeneration blower fan the 62, second coalescing separator 63, dehumidifier 54 and piping filter 55.
Under the adsorption of regeneration blower fan 62, the desorption gas that desorbing cavity exports from oil gas vent enters spray
Drench cooler 60, via the vapor-liquid separation of spray cooler 60 so that isolated liquid phase enters recirculated water
Processing and receive oil unit 6, fixed gas then is connected to indirectly heat and the burning of thermal desorption unit 3 by pipeline
On the fixed gas burning nozzles of room.
Can form the pressure-fired of 20～30KPa while negative pressure ventilation, the fixed gas after processing is sent into
The burning nozzles of heating cavity 45.
Dregs post-processing unit 4 includes outfeed belt conveyor, humidification apparatus and dust suppression equipment, dregs post processing list
The charging aperture of unit's 4 outfeed belt conveyors is connected, after dregs with the discharging opening 33 of heating and thermal desorption unit 3 indirectly
The discharging opening of processing unit 4 connects the entrance of dust suppression equipment, and dust suppression equipment discharging opening is arranged on discharging stockyard
Side, the humidification water inlet interface on dust suppression equipment is connected by pipeline with humidification apparatus.Dust suppression equipment uses
The spine shape spiral of 300rpm realizes quickly being fully contacted of water smoke and dust, completes in the space of about 1m
Dust suppression.Humidification apparatus includes water tank and coupled centrifugal pump, and outlet of centrifugal pump is connected with dust suppression equipment.
The most adjustable rotating speed of motor of conveyer and dust suppression equipment, usual control unit is adjusted.
Circulating water treatment and receipts oil unit 6 receive the water outlet in desorption steam isolation of purified unit 5, in circulating water treatment
And the natural subsidence completing the solid three-phase mixture of profit in receiving oil unit 6 separates, the oil slick on top is by scraping oil pipe
It is discharged to low level and reclaims fuel tank, then be passed to multi-purpose station oil product unit by reclaiming outside oil pump.Solid precipitation is arranged in bottom
Mud groove, periodically discharges.Water overflows to cyclic water tank, enters air cooler through circulating pump pressurization, and temperature is from 50～60 DEG C
Being reduced to 40～50 DEG C, the sewage after cooling, a part is back to use desorption steam isolation of purified unit 5, excess portion
Divide and enter sewage purification unit 7.Circulating water treatment and receipts oil unit 6 are closed cells, 20～40KPa
Running under pressure, inside is provided with liquid level, temperature and pressure sensor, and fan for air cooler is designed as multiple stage series connection,
Unlatching quantity and the time of air cooler according to air cooler out temperature, can be automatically controlled.
Sewage purification unit 7 includes preprocessing part and advanced treating part, and the coagulation that preprocessing part passes through floats
Optional equipment goes oil removing, and after oil removing, water part enters the humidification water water of dregs post-processing unit 4 by elevator pump
Case, unnecessary water enters advanced treating part, and advanced treating part uses oxidation and adsorption plant, Jiang Shuichu
Manage to the water standard of outer draining outer row.
Nitrogen protected location 8 use swing adsorption nitrogen producing apparatus obtain nitrogen, constant voltage supply purity 99.9% nitrogen,
Nitrogen storage is connected to indirectly heat and thermal desorption unit 3 by pipeline in nitrogen storage tank, nitrogen storage tank outlet
Charging aperture 32, discharging opening 33 the position such as gas lock as inert protective gas.
The online various flows of above-mentioned all unit, pressure, temperature, liquid level, rotation are set by automatic control unit
Standby rotating speed, motor operating frequency, current of electric and voltage and Self controlling valve state etc. carry out centralized displaying, report
Alert and control, and be provided with automatic control program and complete operation, it is provided with chain control program and ensures that unit runs peace
Entirely, data acquisition storage function it is provided with to consult historical data and to generate form.I.e. real by DCS or PLC
The control of existing whole device, shows the flow process of each unit and control point real-time status and monitoring on computer screen
Point real time data, can realize operate unit on display screen and control and the setting of automatic control program parameter
Fixed.Unit is provided with warning and safe and continuous controls program and ensures that unit is safely controllable.
In sum, in the present invention, oil-containing solid waste heats thermal desorption processing means indirectly is to pass through feed pretreatment
Unit, obtains being suitable for the material of the relative homogeneous that indirect thermal desorbing processes；Measured by charging and protected location
Constant feed amount, it is ensured that the continuous and steady operation of whole system；By heating and thermal desorption unit indirectly, real
Existing profit separates with solid phase, it is achieved solid phase innoxious；By desorption steam isolation of purified unit and recirculated water
Process and receive oil unit, it is achieved heat balance, the resource of oil reclaim and the utilization of fixed gas；Locate after dregs
Reason unit realizes the cooling of solid phase and avoids airborne dust；It is free from environmental pollution that sewage purification unit guarantees to remain sewage；
Owing to using cleaning fuel and indirectly heated mould formula, chimney tail gas meets atmospheric emission standard.
Solid phase total petroleum hydrocarbons content after the present invention processes can reach less than 0.3%, it is ensured that stable under various operating modes
Controlling below 1%, dregs mixes adobe in the ratio of 5～25% does not affect the quality of fired brick, it is achieved thorough
End harmless treatment and safe disposal；Reclaiming the oil of more than 75% in greasy filth to be recycled, fixed gas is the most straight
Take back burning to utilize, it is achieved resource；Residue sewage realizes purified treatment, utilization or properly disposes, and tail gas reaches
Mark, does not causes secondary pollution to environment, can be widely applied to the industry oily sludge such as oil field, petrochemical industry and oil
Base well drilling detritus and the process of organic polluted soil.
It is above the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not the present invention is made any pro forma restriction.Every according to this
The technology of invention refers to any simple modification, equivalent variations and the modification being done above example, the most still belongs to
In the range of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. oil-containing solid waste heats a thermal desorption processing means indirectly, includes the automatic control unit (9) being uniformly coordinated control,
It is characterized in that, also include feed pretreatment units (1), the feed charging meter sequentially connected by oil-containing solid waste material load mode
Amount and protected location (2), indirectly heating and thermal desorption unit (3), at described indirect heating and the stripping gas of thermal desorption unit (3)
Connecting desorption steam isolation of purified unit (5) at oil gas vent, the discharge outlet at described indirect heating and thermal desorption unit (3) connects
Slag soil post-processing unit (4), after described feed pretreatment units (1) is processed by described charging metering and protected location (2)
Material measures, sieves, Magneto separate and conveying, is delivered to described indirect heating and heat after controlling with quantitative adjusting and constant
Desorption unit (3)；Described indirect heating and thermal desorption unit (3) are made up of heating cavity (45) and thermal desorption cavity, Qi Zhongre
The heated portion of desorbing cavity is placed among described heating cavity (45), the inner space of described thermal desorption cavity and described heating
The inner space of cavity (45) is that two independences are separated and mutual disconnected cavity, and described heating cavity (45) is a steel exocoel
Body, is externally provided with external fuel burner, fixed gas nozzles at described steel outer chamber, is provided with gear in described steel outer chamber
Plate, inwall have been sticked insulating firebrick, are provided with chimney (47) on described steel outer chamber simultaneously.
Oil-containing solid waste the most according to claim 1 heats thermal desorption processing means indirectly, it is characterised in that described thermal desorption
Cavity includes cylinder cylindrically, airtight by sealing device (31), at the two ends of described cylinder at the two ends of described cylinder
It is respectively equipped with charging aperture (32) and discharging opening (33), arches upward oil gas collection chamber (35) toward epirelief in the middle part of described cylinder,
The wall of described oil gas collection chamber (35) is provided with oil gas vent (36), simultaneously in described cylinder and oil gas collection chamber (35)
Multiple thermocouple (37) that described cylinder can be carried out thermometric it is provided with in outside wall surface；It is provided with a spiral shell in described thermal desorption cavity
Rotation advances agitator, and the main shaft (34) of this screw propulsion agitator extends sealing device (31) and the frequency conversion of described barrel end
Motor (41) couples.
Oil-containing solid waste the most according to claim 2 heats thermal desorption processing means indirectly, it is characterised in that described main shaft
(34) the step-by-step movement impeller (38) that helical pitch progressively diminishes along described main shaft (34) it is provided with on, on described step-by-step movement impeller (38)
It is welded with and turns over mud plate (43), on described main shaft (34), be welded with gravity simultaneously clean chain (44).
Oil-containing solid waste the most according to claim 2 heats thermal desorption processing means indirectly, it is characterised in that described charging
Mouth (32) and discharging opening (33) place are equipped with gas lock, and this gas lock connects nitrogen unit, to described charging aperture (32) and discharging opening
(33) nitrogen-sealed is carried out.
5. indirectly heating thermal desorption processing means according to the oil-containing solid waste described in any one in claim 2-4, its feature exists
In, described desorption steam isolation of purified unit (5) is arranged on the oil gas vent (36) of described indirect heating and thermal desorption unit (3)
Place, by the vacuum jet pump (50) sequentially connected by pipeline, centrifugal pump (51), three phase separator (52), cyclone separator
(53), dehumidifier (54) and piping filter (55) composition, described vacuum jet pump (50) is through the oil of pipeline Yu thermal desorption cavity
Gas outlet (36) connection, connects with described centrifugal pump (51), three phase separator (52), the solution of described three phase separator (52) simultaneously
Suction outlet connects with described cyclone separator (53) through pipeline, the outlet of the stripping gas of described cyclone separator (53) through pipeline with
Described dehumidifier (54) connects, and the stripping gas outlet of described dehumidifier (54) connects with described piping filter (55) through pipeline,
The stripping gas outlet of described piping filter (55) directly exports the gas that can recycle；Described cyclone separator (53),
Dehumidifier (54) exports with the separator of piping filter (55) and connects with described three phase separator (52)；Described centrifugal pump (51)
Connect with described three phase separator (52).
6. indirectly heating thermal desorption processing means according to the oil-containing solid waste described in any one in claim 2-4, its feature exists
In, described desorption steam isolation of purified unit (5) is arranged on the oil gas vent (36) of described indirect heating and thermal desorption unit (3)
Place, by the spray cooler (60) being sequentially connected with by pipeline, the first coalescing separator (61), regeneration blower fan (62), second gather
Knot separator (63), dehumidifier (54) and piping filter (55) composition, described spray cooler (60) connects described thermal desorption
The thermal desorption gas of cavity output.
Oil-containing solid waste the most according to claim 6 heats thermal desorption processing means indirectly, it is characterised in that described spray is cold
But device (60) includes tank body (64), multiple nozzle assembly (65), coarse separation district (66), spark arrester (67), check valve (68),
The top of described tank body (64) is sequentially connected with described spark arrester (67) and check valve (68), and the plurality of nozzle assembly (65) is uniform
It is arranged on the sidewall of described tank body (64) to distribution, and stretches into the inside of described tank body (64), internal at described tank body (64)
Being positioned at the position above nozzle assembly (65) installation site and load described coarse separation district (66), the bottom of described tank body (64) sets
It is equipped with air inlet (69) and outlet (71), is provided with out in the junction at described tank body (64) top with described spark arrester (67)
QI KOU (70).
8. one kind uses in claim 1-7 the process that the oil-containing solid waste described in any one heats thermal desorption processing means indirectly
Method, includes following steps:
1) by feed pretreatment units, liquid greasy filth is made predrainage to process, then in advance together with aqueous relatively low oil-containing solid waste
Treatment stations completes foreign material sorting, homogenizing and breaks up pre-treatment job, and stand-by in Material Staging Area, the material of Material Staging Area generally controls aqueous
Less than 30%, oil-containing does not limits, and obtains being suitable for the material of the relative homogeneous that indirect thermal desorbing processes；
2) measured by charging and protected location, pretreated material is measured, sieve, Magneto separate and conveying, with quantitatively
Adjust and be delivered to indirectly heat and thermal desorption unit after constant control；
3) by indirectly heat and thermal desorption unit the material of charging metering and protected location conveying realized profit and solid phase point
From, indirectly heating and in thermal desorption unit at this, oil-containing solid waste material is by the double spiral shell of level with the non-equidistance breaing up mechanism
Revolve and advance along axis, be progressively warming up to the thermal desorption temperature set, under anoxic conditions, be sequentially completed intensification, water evaporation, greatly
Part oil desorption and the thermal desorption process of small part gum asphalt cracking, it is achieved solid innoxious, by setting spiral
Rotating speed controls the desorbing time of staying of material, and the time of staying controls 20～30min, and the material completing thermal desorption is referred to as dregs,
Its TPH content controls in the level less than 1%, enters dregs post-processing unit from desorbing chamber discharging opening, and the vapour phase desorbed is passed through
Desorption steam outlet enters desorption steam isolation of purified unit；
4) the heating cavity burning of heating and thermal desorption unit indirectly is entered from the fixed gas of desorption steam isolation of purified cell processing,
As supplemental heat source, heating cavity combustion tail gas passes through smoke stack emission air.
The most according to Claim 8, the oil-containing solid waste described in heat thermal desorption processing method indirectly, it is characterised in that described step
Rapid 4) in, desorption steam is heated and the desorbing of thermal desorption unit from indirect by desorption steam isolation of purified unit by negative pressure ventilation equipment
Drawing in cavity and enter desorption steam isolation of purified unit, the water that desorption steam isolation of purified unit is discharged absorbs the heat of desorption steam
And temperature raises, carry water and oil that desorption steam is condensed out, and a small amount of dirt washed out simultaneously, enter circulating water treatment and
After receiving oil unit processing, it is circulated back to again desorption steam isolation of purified unit as cooling water, enters desorption steam at stripping gas
Before isolation of purified unit, use petroleum hydrocarbon steam filter plant, the dust in vapour phase is filtered.
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