KR20230025442A - System comprising two scrubbers connected to an electrostatic precipitator and method for purifying exhaust gas using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for cleaning at least a first exhaust gas (EG1) and a second exhaust gas (EG1). scrubbing the first and second exhaust gases EG1 and EG2 in first and second scrubbers 710 and 720 to generate scrubbed first and second exhaust gases SEG1 and SEG2; and transferring at least a portion of the scrubbed first and second exhaust gases SEG1 and SEG2 to the electrostatic precipitator 100 . The method includes one or both of at least a portion of a first exhaust gas SEG1 scrubbed and at least a portion of a scrubbed second exhaust gas SEG2 in the electrostatic precipitator 100 to produce a clean exhaust gas CEG. It further includes a cleaning step. The present invention relates to a system for carrying out the method.

Description

System comprising two scrubbers connected to an electrostatic precipitator and method for purifying exhaust gas using the same

The present invention relates to cleaning exhaust gases, in particular exhaust gases of more than one internal combustion engine. The invention is particularly usable on ships with only limited space for equipment, especially on ships with multiple internal combustion engines. The present invention relates to the desulfurization of exhaust gases, ie flue gases, by scrubbing. The present invention relates to cleaning scrubbed exhaust gases.

Fossil fuel combustion is used in industrial processes for many different purposes including internal combustion engines. Depending on the quality of the fuel, flue gases (ie, exhaust gases) may contain various amounts of pollutants, including sulfur oxides (SOx). Marine vessels, i.e. ships, typically contain internal combustion engines and use low grade fuels which result in high levels of both SOx and particles present in the exhaust gas (ie flue gas). . One possibility for reducing the content of SOx in the exhaust gas is to use desulfurization techniques, in particular wet scrubbing processes, in which the exhaust/flue gases emitted are brought into intimate contact with an aqueous scrubbing solution. The purpose of these processes is to provide high absorption efficiency and to remove or substantially reduce the concentration of particles, droplets or substances in the exhaust/flue gas being scrubbed. Marine scrubbers for scrubbing exhaust gases from marine engines are known from publications EP 1 857 169, US 3 781 407, and WO99/44722. The scrubbers disclosed herein operate in closed-loop mode, semi-closed-loop mode, and open-loop mode, respectively.

However, scrubbing does not remove all of the contaminants in the exhaust gas. Small particles may escape the scrubber. These contaminants can be harmful to the environment. Thus, additional cleaning may be required. When exhaust gases are produced on ships, there is only a limited amount of space available for additional cleaning equipment.

It has been found that scrubbed exhaust gases can be additionally cleaned by using an electrostatic precipitator (ESP). Because the exhaust gases leave the scrubber(s) at a saturated moisture content, the ESP may be referred to as a wet ESP (ie, WESP) due to the humidity of the scrubbed exhaust/gases. Moreover, it has been discovered that the same wet ESP can be used to additionally clean scrubbed exhaust gases obtainable from more than one scrubber. Using only one wet ESP for at least two scrubbers reduces equipment space requirements. Furthermore, the arrangement makes it possible to use the wet ESP to clean only those exhaust gases that need to be cleaned. The arrangement, on the vessel, also allows any of the engines to operate in seaport conditions (typically when only one or two engine(s) are in operation) and the gases are operated in one or more It can be cleaned in wet ESP from internal combustion engines, which significantly increases flexibility in ship operation. Environmental requirements on a vessel can be very different depending on where the vessel is operated. For example, at sea, wet ESPs may not be needed at all, which allows maintenance of wet ESPs. In contrast, closer to ports, wet ESPs may be required due to local environmental legislation. Moreover, closer to port, the vessel's engine(s) may be operated at only partial power, whereby when all engines are operating at full power (e.g., at sea), a single wet ESP is sufficient. Even if not, a single wet ESP may suffice near a port.

The arrangement is disclosed in more specific terms in claim 1. The method is disclosed in more specific terms in claim 9. Dependent claims define preferred embodiments. The description discloses further details of the embodiments.

Figure 1 shows a vessel with an arrangement for cleaning exhaust gases.
2a to 2d show arrangements for cleaning exhaust gases.
Figures 3a to 3d show arrangements for evenly spreading scrubbed exhaust gases within a wet ESP.
4A shows a side view of the inside of a wet electrostatic precipitator.
Figure 4b shows a plan view of the settling zone of a wet electrostatic precipitator.
5A shows a plan view of the settling zone of another wet electrostatic precipitator.
5b shows a plan view of the settling zone of another wet electrostatic precipitator.
6 shows an arrangement for cleaning exhaust gases, a scrubber serving a number of internal combustion engines.
7 shows an arrangement for cleaning exhaust gases, a wet electrostatic precipitator serving more than two scrubbers.
In the drawings, directional arrows Sz, Sx, and Sy indicate an upward vertical direction and two orthogonal horizontal directions, respectively. The directional arrow Sl indicates the longitudinal direction of the electrode of the wet electrostatic precipitator, and this longitudinal direction may be substantially vertical in use. Directional arrows St1 and St2 indicate orthogonal directions transverse to the longitudinal direction Sl.

1 shows a vessel 910 equipped with (ie including) an arrangement 900 for cleaning a first exhaust gas EG1 and a second exhaust gas EG2. A watercraft 910 is an example of a more general vehicle, where the arrangement 900 may also be used, as well as in other locations, where space for the arrangement 900 is limited. 2A-2D show examples of arrangements 900 that can be used as indicated above.

Exhaust gases EG1 and EG2 are produced in combustion processes whereby they are hot and contain sulfur oxides SOx. To reduce the amount of sulfur oxides, arrangement 900 includes a wet scrubber. However, exhaust gases from a source are often scrubbed in a wet scrubber dedicated to scrubbing only the exhaust gases of that source to avoid carrying hot exhaust gases on a vehicle over long distances. In the following text, the term "scrubber" refers to a wet scrubber, ie a scrubber in which the gases to be scrubbed are brought into contact with a scrubbing solution.

In a typical ship (or vehicle) there are many different sources of exhaust gases. Thus, typically, a vessel (or vehicle) is equipped with at least two scrubbers 710, 720. Thus, the arrangement 900 includes a first scrubber 710 and a second scrubber 720 . The first scrubber 710 includes an inlet 712 for receiving the first exhaust gas EG1 and an outlet 714 for sending the scrubbed first exhaust gas SEG1 out (see FIGS. 2A to 2D ). ). The second scrubber 720 includes an inlet 722 for receiving the second exhaust gas EG2 and an outlet 724 for sending the scrubbed second exhaust gas SEG2 out (see FIGS. 2A to 2D ). ). Scrubbers 710 and 720 are configured to desulfurize and clean, at least to some extent, exhaust gases EG1 and EG2, respectively.

The source of the first exhaust gas EG1 may be (but need not be) the first internal combustion engine 810 . The source of the second exhaust gas EG2 may be (but need not be) the second internal combustion engine 820 .

To clean the scrubbed exhaust gases SEG1 and SEG2, the arrangement includes an electrostatic precipitator (ESP) 100. The ESP 100 includes a first inlet 112 for receiving at least a portion of the scrubbed first exhaust gas SEG1 and a second inlet 114 for receiving at least a portion of the scrubbed second exhaust gas SEG2. includes These inlets 112 and 114 are depicted, for example, in FIGS. 2B and 4A. As described in detail below, not all of the scrubbed first exhaust gas SEG1 needs to be cleaned in the ESP 100; And not all of the scrubbed second exhaust gas SEG2 needs to be cleaned in the ESP 100 . For this reason, the arrangement 900 includes a first primary piping 716 configured to deliver at least a portion of the scrubbed first exhaust gas SEG1 to the first inlet 112 of the ESP 100 and a scrubbed second exhaust gas 716 . 2 includes a second primary pipe 726 configured to transfer at least a portion of the exhaust gas SEG2 to the second inlet 114 of the electrostatic precipitator 100 . These conduits 716 and 726 are shown in FIGS. 2A-2D. The ESP 100 is a type of wet electrostatic precipitator, i.e., wet ESP, or WESP, to clean gases substantially saturated with humidity (i.e., after a wet scrubber).

Referring to FIG. 4A , wet ESP 100 includes an inlet zone Z1. The first inlet 112 and the second inlet 114 are arranged in the inlet zone Z1. In other words, the inlet zone Z1 is equipped with first and second inlets 112 and 114 . In marine applications, the inlet zone Z1 is preferably short. In more specific terms, in a preferred embodiment, the height of inlet zone Z1 is at most 30% of the height of wet ESP 100 . The height of the inlet zone Z1 can be, for example, at most equal to the height of the settling zone Z2 of the wet ESP. Additionally, preferably, inlet zone Z1 overlaps the rest of the wet ESP 100 in the direction of the height of the wet ESP. In other words, preferably, inlet zone Z1 does not protrude radially from the rest of wet ESP 100 . More preferably, the cross-section of the inlet zone Z1 on the horizontal plane is the same as the cross-section of the wet ESP 100 on the horizontal plane.

The wet ESP includes a settling zone (Z2). The scrubbed exhaust gases are configured to be cleaned in the deposition zone Z2 according to the principles of electrostatic deposition. Accordingly, wet ESP 100 includes discharge electrodes 220 and collection surfaces 210, as described in detail below (eg, see FIGS. 4B, 5A, and 5B). Collection surfaces 210 are also electrodes. Accordingly, discharge electrodes 220 and collection surfaces 210, when considered viable, are simply referred to as electrodes. The electrodes 210 and 220 are for electroprecipitating at least one of the scrubbed first exhaust gas SEG1 and the scrubbed second exhaust gas SEG2. Electrodes 210, 220 are arranged in the settling zone Z2 of the wet ESP 100. The height of settling zone Z2 may be equal to the length of collection surface 210 .

The wet ESP 100 includes an outlet 132 for exiting clean exhaust gas (CEG) (see FIGS. 3A-3D ). In use, the scrubbed exhaust gas that is further cleaned in the wet ESP 100 flows from the inlets/inlets 112 and 114 through the settling zone Z2 to the outlet 132 . Thus, the settling zone Z2 is arranged between the inlet zone Z1 and the outlet 132 of the wet ESP 100 .

In order to function well and reduce maintenance intervals, the gas/gases SEG1 and SEG2 cleaned by the wet ESP 100 must be evenly distributed to the settling zone Z2. Accordingly, in one embodiment, wet ESP 100 includes a perforated plate 150 between inlet zone Z1 and settling zone Z2, as shown in FIGS. 3A, 3C, and 3D. do. The purpose of the perforated plate 150 is to divide the gases SEG and SEG2 evenly between the electrodes 210 and 220 of the wet ESP 100. In an embodiment, the wet ESP 100 includes an inlet zone Z1 and a settling zone Z2 to more evenly divide the gas SEG and SEG2 between the electrodes 210 and 220 of the wet ESP 100. ), at least two perforated plates 150, or more than two perforated plates 150.

Another possibility, not exclusive to perforated plate 150 , is to use perforated tube 152 or perforated tubes 152 , 154 in inlet zone Z1 . Referring to FIGS. 3B and 3C , in an embodiment, the wet ESP 100 is provided at an inlet region Z1 with a first perforated flue gas configured to convey a first scrubbed exhaust gas SEG1 into the inlet region Z1. tube 152. Additionally, in an embodiment, wet ESP 100 includes, at inlet region Z1, a second perforated tube 154 configured to convey a second scrubbed exhaust gas SEG2 into inlet region Z1. . The first perforated tube 152 may include bends to more uniformly diffuse the first scrubbed exhaust gas SEG1 into the inlet zone Z1. The second perforated tube 154 may include bends to more evenly diffuse the second scrubbed exhaust gas SEG2 into the inlet zone Z1. In order to further level out the flow of the scrubbed exhaust gas/gases SEG1 , SEG2 into the inlet zone Z1 , guide plates may be arranged inside the perforated tubes 152 , 154 . . Perforated tubes 152 and 154 may be connected together to form a single perforated tube 152 as shown in FIG. 3D, with which exhaust gases SEG1 and SEG2 scrubbed Both (but not necessarily simultaneously) are transported. 3b, 3c, and 3d, the first perforated tube 152 is configured to convey at least the first scrubbed exhaust gas SEG1 into the inlet zone Z1.

As depicted in FIG. 3C, the wet ESP 100 includes a perforated plate 150 and first and second perforated tubes 152, 154 between an inlet zone Z1 and a settling zone Z2. can include As depicted in FIG. 3D , wet ESP 100 may include only first perforated tube 152 and perforated plate 150 between inlet zone Z1 and settling zone Z2.

When the arrangement 900 is operated, a method for cleaning the exhaust gases is performed. As indicated above, in an embodiment of the method, the wet electrostatic precipitator 100 is arranged on a vehicle such as a vessel 910 . The method includes scrubbing a first exhaust gas (EG1) in a first scrubber (710) to produce a scrubbed first exhaust gas (SEG1) and a second scrubbed exhaust gas (SEG2) to generate a second scrubbed exhaust gas (SEG2). A step of scrubbing the second exhaust gas EG2 in the scrubber 720 is included. The method includes transferring at least a portion of the scrubbed first exhaust gas SEG1 to a wet electrostatic precipitator 100, and transferring at least a portion of the scrubbed second exhaust gas SEG2 to the wet electrostatic precipitator 100. Include more steps. Moreover, the method includes at least one of at least a portion of the first exhaust gas (SEG1) scrubbed and at least a portion of the scrubbed second exhaust gas (SEG2) in the wet electrostatic precipitator (100) to produce a clean exhaust gas (CEG). It includes the step of cleaning.

A preferred embodiment of the present method is to produce clean exhaust gas (CEG) in a wet electrostatic precipitator (100) by (i) at least a portion of a scrubbed first exhaust gas (SEG1) and (ii) a scrubbed second exhaust gas ( and cleaning both at least a portion of SEG2). However, both of the first and second scrubbed exhaust gases SEG1 and SEG2 need not be present in the wet electrostatic precipitator 100 at the same time. For example, (i) at least a portion of the scrubbed first exhaust gas (SEG1) and (ii) at least a portion of the scrubbed second exhaust gas (SEG2) can be subsequently cleaned using the same wet ESP 100. there is. Further details regarding the issue of "at least a portion" of the scrubbed exhaust gas SEG1 , SEG2 will be given below in relation to the first and second valve arrangements 754 and 764 .

It has been found that the scrubbing of the exhaust gases EG1 and EG2, and therefore also the wet desulfurization, is particularly effective when the scrubbing solution is injected onto the gases being scrubbed. Alternatively or additionally, gases may be conveyed through a bath of scrubbing solution. However, spraying is much more efficient because it increases the contact area between the gases EG1 and EG2 and the scrubbing solution. For these reasons, a preferred embodiment of the arrangement 900 is a first scrubber 710 to scrub the first exhaust gas EG1 by contacting the first exhaust gas EG1 with the first scrubbing solution SS1. and a first circulation unit 718 for spraying the first scrubbing solution SS1 inside. This is depicted in all Figures 2a-2d.

Accordingly, the first scrubber 710 includes nozzles 719 for spraying the first scrubbing solution SS1 and forming droplets of the first scrubbing solution SS1 into the first scrubber 710 (FIGS. 2A to 20). see Fig. 2d). The first scrubber 710 also includes a pump 715 for delivering the scrubbing solution to the nozzles 719 . When being scrubbed, the first exhaust gas EG1 comes into contact with the droplets of the first scrubbing solution SS1 thus formed. Accordingly, an embodiment of the method includes spraying the first scrubbing solution SS1 to form droplets of the first scrubbing solution SS1 in the first scrubber 710 and removing the first exhaust gas EG1 from the first scrubber 710. 1 bringing into contact with droplets of scrubbing solution (SS1).

The first scrubbing solution SS1 (or the second scrubbing solution SS2 as defined hereinafter) is intended to bind or absorb one or more of water, fresh water, seawater, or constituents of the exhaust/flue gas to be scrubbed. and any other liquid solutions of one or more known compounds. Acid gases such as SOx are usually removed from solution by scrubbing with an alkaline solution such as an alkaline compound such as caustic soda or an aqueous solution of other alkaline substances.

The first circulator 718 can be an open loop circulator, as shown in FIGS. 2B and 2C . Here, seawater can be used as a scrubbing solution. More specifically, seawater may be used as a common (first) scrubbing solution for both first and second scrubbers 710, 720, as in the embodiment of FIG. 2B. Seawater may be used as both the first scrubbing solution SS1 used in the first scrubber 710 and the second scrubbing solution SS2 used in the second scrubber 720 in the embodiment of FIG. 2C.

The first circulator 718 can be a closed loop circulator, as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2D . When environmental restrictions are stringent, closed loop cycling may be used. If closed loop circulation is used, scrubbing solution SS1 or scrubbing solutions SS1 and SS2 are preferably formed from alkaline water (seawater and/or freshwater). In this case, even more preferably, the scrubbing solution SS1 or the scrubbing solutions SS1 and SS2 are formed of fresh water and alkali. Solids may be removed from the scrubbing solution(s) SS1 , SS2 from the circuit(s) 718 , 728 .

When the first circulation 718 is a closed loop circulation, as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2D , the temperature of the first scrubbing solution tends to rise because the scrubbed exhaust gases are hot. However, when the temperature increases, the ability of the first scrubbing solution SS1 to capture SOx from the first exhaust gas EG1 decreases. Also, evaporation of water from the process to the atmosphere increases, which can significantly increase constituent water consumption and lead to a thick plume of thorns after lamination. Therefore, preferably, the first circulation unit 718 includes a heat exchanger 717 for cooling the first scrubbing solution SS1 (see FIGS. 2A and 2D). The coolant C1 used in the heat exchanger 717 on board the vessel is typically seawater. In other applications, for example, air or water (eg fresh water or sea water) may be usable as coolant C1 in heat exchanger 717 . When the arrangement includes a second circulation unit 728, and the second circulation unit 728 is of a closed loop type, the second circulation unit 728 is a heat exchanger for cooling the second scrubbing solution SS2 ( 727) (see FIG. 2A).

2A and 2D, the pumps 715 and 725 of the circulation sections 718 and 728 are arranged downstream of the heat exchangers 717 and 727 of the circulation sections. However, in the embodiment, these pumps 715, 725 of the circulations 718, 728 are arranged upstream from the heat exchangers 717, 727 of the circulations 718, 728.

A hybrid mode scrubber may also be used as one or both of the first and second scrubbers. The hybrid mode scrubber includes valve(s) (not shown) so that, at a first time, the scrubbing solution being sprayed is taken from the scrubber (as in FIGS. 2A and 2D ), and at a second time, the sprayed A scrubbing solution is taken from the sea (as in Figs. 2b and 2c).

The same (first) circulation unit 718 supplies the same (first) scrubbing solution SS1 into both the first and second scrubbers 710 and 720, as depicted in FIGS. 2B and 2D. can be used to In this embodiment, the first circulation unit 718 is in the second scrubber 720 to scrub the second exhaust gas EG2 by contacting the second exhaust gas EG2 with the first scrubbing solution SS1. It is suitable for spraying the first scrubbing solution SS1. The corresponding method includes spraying the first scrubbing solution SS1 to form droplets of the (first) scrubbing solution SS1 in the second scrubber 720 and the second exhaust gas EG2 is ) in contact with the droplets of scrubbing solution SS1.

In an alternative, the arrangement 900 performs a second scrubbing within the second scrubber 720 to scrub the second exhaust gas EG2 by contacting the second exhaust gas EG2 with the second scrubbing solution SS2. A second circulation unit 728 (see FIGS. 2A and 2C ) for spraying the solution SS2 may be included. The corresponding method includes spraying the second scrubbing solution SS2 to form droplets of the (second) scrubbing solution SS2 in the second scrubber 720, and the second exhaust gas EG2 2) bringing into contact with the droplets of scrubbing solution (SS2).

As for some structural details of the wet ESP 100 , the wet ESP 100 includes discharge electrodes 220 and collection surfaces 210 , in settling zone Z2 . The settling zone Z2 is shown from the side in FIG. 4a and from the end in FIG. 4b. In FIG. 4A, reference numeral S1 denotes the longitudinal direction of the discharge electrodes 220 or collection surfaces 210, or in other words, the flow direction of the scrubbed exhaust gas(es) SEG1, SEG2 in the wet ESP. display In use, the longitudinal direction Sl may be substantially vertical. However, when on a vessel, the direction Sl may change as the vessel rolls (ie swings). Preferably, in use, the longitudinal direction Sl forms an angle of at most 45 degrees with the vertical direction Sz.

Figures 4b, 5a and 5b show transverse cross-sections of the settling zone Z2. 4b and 3a, all the second electrodes have a tubular shape, while the other electrodes are arranged coaxially within the tubular electrodes. In Fig. 5b, the electrodes have the shape of a plate. The tubular electrodes of FIGS. 4B and 5A have a tubular shape extending in the longitudinal direction Sl. The planar electrodes of FIG. 5B extend in a plane including the longitudinal direction Sl. Typically, the wet ESP 100 includes means 222 for discharging electrical charge into the particles of at least one of the scrubbed first exhaust gas SEG1 and the scrubbed second exhaust gas SEG2.

The principle of operation of a wet ESP is that, for example, the means 222 for discharging an electric charge charge the particles of the gas SEG1, SEG2 being cleaned. Afterwards, the gas is transported between the discharge electrodes 220 and the collecting surfaces 210 . As the particles have a charge, the electrodes 210 and 220 attract the particles, and the particles collide with the electrodes. Typically, the means for discharging the electrical charge 222 are arranged as part of the discharge electrodes 220 (most often at a lower potential than the collecting surface 210), whereby these means are used to remove the particles to be removed. emits electrons with Correspondingly, the particles collide with and become detained at the collection surfaces 210 . Thus, in a preferred embodiment, as in FIG. 4B , the area of collection surfaces 210 is larger than the area of discharge electrodes 220 . Means 222 for discharging electrical charge may be sharp protrusions on the discharge electrode 220 . For these reasons, in a preferred embodiment, the collection surfaces 210 have a tubular shape extending in the longitudinal direction Sl, as shown in FIG. 4B, and each discharge electrode 220 has a longitudinal direction ( Sl) extending coaxially with one of the collecting surfaces 210; Discharge electrode 220 is laterally surrounded by collection surface 210 .

To generate an electric field, the arrangement 900 or wet ESP 100 connects an electric source 230 and a first potential V1 to the collection surfaces 210 and a second potential V2 to the discharge electrodes ( 220). In an embodiment, the second potential V2 is smaller than the first potential V1. The strength of the electric field between the electrodes 210 and 220 may be, for example, 0.1 kV/cm to 10 kV/cm.

The wet ESP 100 has been found to be particularly useful when used as a scrubber, i.e. after a wet scrubber operating with scrubbing solutions SS1 and SS2. The arrangement is useful because the scrubbed exhaust gases SEG1 and SEG2 entering the wet ESP 100 are substantially saturated with moisture. Thus, the moisture in the gases SEG1 and SEG2 condenses on the electrodes 210 and 220 of the wet ESP and, in use, flushes the electrodes such that at least some of the particles colliding with the electrodes are flushed with the condensate. . This increases the hold interval of the wet ESP. Additionally, because of the flushing, in the embodiment of the arrangement 900, the wet electrostatic precipitator 100 has a wet electrostatic precipitator 100, as depicted in FIGS. It includes a secondary outlet 140 for discharging the effluent (EPF) from the ). The effluent EPF includes condensates of the scrubbed exhaust gases SEG1 and SEG2 and may further include a rinsing solution RS, as described in detail below. The previously mentioned relatively small angle between the longitudinal direction Sl and the vertical direction Sz is also advantageous from the point of view of flushing the electrodes.

As motivated by the background, lower grade fuels contain a lot of sulfur, but are otherwise attractive because of their low cost. The problem with high sulfur content can be reduced by using arrangement 900 as discussed above. In particular, lower grade fuels can be used in internal combustion engines. Accordingly, an embodiment of the arrangement 900 is configured to deliver the first internal combustion engine 810 and the first exhaust gas EG1 of the first internal combustion engine 810 to the inlet 712 of the first scrubber 710. It includes a first secondary pipe 891 configured. Thus, when the internal combustion engine is operated, at least a part of the first exhaust gas EG1 generated by the first internal combustion engine 810 is conveyed to the first scrubber 710 and scrubbed therein. In addition, the embodiment provides a second internal combustion engine 820 and a second secondary piping configured to transport the second exhaust gas EG2 of the second internal combustion engine 820 to the inlet 722 of the second scrubber 720. (892). Accordingly, when the internal combustion engine is operated, at least a part of the second exhaust gas EG2 generated by the second internal combustion engine 820 is conveyed to the second scrubber 720 and scrubbed therein. Reference is made to FIGS. 1, 2a, 2c, 2d, 6, and 7.

As detailed above, the scrubbed exhaust gases SEG1 and SEG2 are wet. This also applies to the clean exhaust gas (CEG) emitted from the wet ESP 100. When released into the atmosphere, some of the humidity, known as an exhaust gas plume or simply a plume, may become visible. However, often, people mix visible humidity with smoke. Since smoke emission is generally considered harmful to the environment, an embodiment of the arrangement 900 is configured to reduce the plume of clean exhaust gas (CEG), as shown in FIGS. 2A, 2C and 2D . It includes a full room reduction device 160 that becomes. The smoke reduction device 160 may include at least one fan for mixing depluming gas (DPG) with clean exhaust gas (CEG). The deflumining gas (DPG) can be a dry and/or hot gas, such as air, to reduce the flammability of the CEG. For these reasons, an embodiment of the present method includes mixing a defluming gas (DPG) with the clean exhaust gas (CEG) to reduce the plume of the clean exhaust gas (CEG). The smoke reduction device 160 removes water vapor from the clean exhaust gas after the wet ESP 100. This means that the white smoke is removed and corrosion is avoided on the top 162 of the exhaust pipe.

The wet ESP 100 of the arrangement 900 can be used to clean only those exhaust gases that need to be cleaned. Environmental requirements on a vessel can be very different depending on where the vessel is operated. For example, at sea, wet ESPs may not be needed at all, which allows maintenance of wet ESPs. Closer to ports, wet ESPs may be required due to local environmental legislation. However, closer to port, the vessel's engine(s) may be operated at only partial power, whereby a single wet ESP is sufficient when all engines are operating at full power (e.g., at sea). Even if not, a single wet ESP may suffice near a port. Moreover, closer to port, a vessel may operate with only one engine, whereby a single wet ESP may be used to clean the exhaust from only one engine.

To enable multiple use of a single wet ESP 100 in conjunction with first scrubbers 710 and second scrubbers 720, in an embodiment of arrangement 900, first primary piping 716 ) includes a first outlet 752 for discharging a part of the scrubbed first exhaust gas SEG1 from the first primary pipe 716 to a place other than the wet electrostatic precipitator 100, for example, to the atmosphere. Thus, scrubbed first exhaust gas SEG1 delivered to first outlet 752 bypasses wet ESP 100 . This first outlet 752 is shown in FIGS. 2A-2D. In addition, the first primary pipe 716 directs at least a portion of the scrubbed first exhaust gas SEG1 to the first outlet 752 and at least a portion of the scrubbed first exhaust gas SEG1 to the wet electrostatic precipitator 100. and a first valve arrangement 754 for delivery to the first inlet 112 of ). Accordingly, the first valve arrangement 754 also conveys all of the scrubbed first exhaust gas SEG1 to the first outlet 752, and correspondingly none of the scrubbed first exhaust gas SEG1 It is suitable not to be transferred to the first inlet 112 of the wet electrostatic precipitator 100. Accordingly, the first valve arrangement 754 may be used to convey no, only some, or all of the scrubbed first exhaust gas SEG1 directly to the first outlet 752 and e.g. to the atmosphere. can Thus, the first valve arrangement 754 can be used to deliver all, only some, or none of the scrubbed first exhaust gas SEG1 to the first inlet 112 of the wet ESP 100. . In some cases, additional cleaning of SEG1 may not be required by using a wet ESP. In addition, in the embodiment, the second primary pipe 726 is for exporting a part of the second exhaust gas SEG2 scrubbed from the second primary pipe 726 to a place other than the wet electrostatic precipitator 100 a second outlet 762; and transferring at least a portion of the scrubbed second exhaust gas SEG2 to the second outlet 762 and transferring at least a portion of the scrubbed second exhaust gas SEG2 to the second inlet 114 of the wet electrostatic precipitator 100. and a second valve arrangement 764 for delivery to Thus, the scrubbed second exhaust gas SEG2 delivered to the second outlet 762 bypasses the wet ESP 100 . The second valve arrangement 764 can be used in a similar manner to the first valve arrangement 754 with minor modifications.

The first and second valve arrangements 754, 764, for example, in a first time period (i) a scrubbed first exhaust gas (SEG1) or a portion thereof and (ii) a scrubbed second exhaust gas ( SEG2) or parts thereof can be used in such a way that they are both transferred to the wet ESP 100. In particular, the valve arrangements 754, 764, in a first time period, [A] (i) only a portion of the scrubbed first exhaust gas (SEG1) as well as (ii) a scrubbed second exhaust gas (SEG2) All or [B] (i) only a portion of the scrubbed first exhaust gas (SEG1) as well as (ii) only a portion of the scrubbed second exhaust gas (SEG2) may be used to be delivered to the wet ESP 100. Regarding the latter, when only a portion of the scrubbed first exhaust gas (SEG1) is cleaned with wet ESP (100), wet ESP (100) causes the wet ESP to clean all of the scrubbed first exhaust (SEG1). It need not be as large as it was designed to do. Such use may be possible, for example, at sea.

The first and second valve arrangements 754, 764, for example, in a second time period, (i) the scrubbed first exhaust gas (SEG1) or a part thereof or (ii) the scrubbed second exhaust gas ( SEG2) or just one part thereof can be used in such a way that it is transferred to the wet ESP 100. In some cases, the source for the other exhaust gas may be turned off (eg, one of the internal combustion engines 810, 820 is not operating), or its scrubbed exhaust gas may pass through the outlet 752, 762 of the piping. released directly into the atmosphere.

The first and second valve arrangements 754, 764, for example, in a third time period, (i) the scrubbed first exhaust gas (SEG1) or a part thereof or (ii) the scrubbed second exhaust gas ( SEG2) or a portion thereof may be used in a non-transferred manner to the wet ESP 100. In some cases, sources for other exhaust gases may be turned off (eg, one of internal combustion engines 810, 820 is not operating, eg, when anchored), or scrubbed exhaust gases or its Both are released to the atmosphere directly through outlets 752 and 762 of the piping. Thus, in the third period of time, the wet ESP 100 is not in use. This may be possible when further cleaning of the scrubbed exhaust gases SEG1 , SEG2 is not required, for example in the sea.

If the wet ESP 100 is not used, the wet ESP may be maintained. As detailed above, on ships and at sea, wet ESPs are not necessarily used. Maintaining the wet ESP preferably includes at least cleaning. A wet ESP can be cleaned with a rinsing solution (RS). Cleaning is preferably performed on at least some of the electrodes 210, 220 of the wet ESP 100 (particularly those electrodes that collect contaminants, which are typically collection surfaces 210) (e.g., more high potential electrodes). For these reasons, in an embodiment of the arrangement 900, the wet electrostatic precipitator 100 includes an inlet 120 for entering the rinsing solution RS, and a wet electrostatic precipitator (using the rinsing solution RS) and means 122 for cleaning at least some of the electrodes 210 and 220 of 100). The means 122 may include nozzles for spraying the rinsing solution RS onto the electrodes being cleaned, such as onto at least the collection surfaces 210 . This means 122 and inlet 120 are depicted in Figures 2a, 2c, and 2d, for example.

Referring to FIG. 6 , it is also possible to use the first scrubber 710 to scrub the first exhaust gas EG1 and some of the third exhaust gas EG3 . The third exhaust gas EG3 may be generated by the third internal combustion engine 830 . Additionally or alternatively (as shown in FIG. 6) (not shown), the second scrubber 720 may be used to scrub the second exhaust gas EG2 and some fourth exhaust gas EG4. can The fourth exhaust gas EG4 may be generated by the fourth internal combustion engine 840 .

Referring to FIG. 7 , the wet ESP 100 may include a third inlet 116 for receiving at least partially scrubbed third exhaust gas SEG3. The scrubbed third exhaust gas SEG3 may be received from the third scrubber 730 . The third scrubber 730 may be configured to scrub the third exhaust gas EG3 of the third internal combustion engine 830 . As depicted in FIG. 7 , the arrangement transfers all of the scrubbed third exhaust gas (SEG3) into the wet ESP 100, does not transfer it, or transfers only some of it and, respectively, to the other, For example, it may include a third valve arrangement for conveying all of the scrubbed third exhaust gas SEG3 to the atmosphere, not conveying it, or conveying only a part thereof. When wet ESP 100 includes third inlet 116 , first inlet 112 , second inlet 114 , and third inlet 116 are arranged in inlet zone Z1 . Also in this case, the height of the inlet zone Z1 is preferably small, as explained in detail above, even if not shown in FIG. 7 .

Claims (15)

As the array 900, the array,
- a first scrubber 710 comprising an inlet 712 for receiving the first exhaust gas EG1 and an outlet 714 for discharging the scrubbed first exhaust gas SEG1;
- a second scrubber 720 comprising an inlet 722 for receiving the second exhaust gas EG2 and an outlet 724 for discharging the scrubbed second exhaust gas SEG2;
- electrostatic precipitator (100) - the electrostatic precipitator,
● Inlet zone Z1 equipped with a first inlet 112 for receiving the scrubbed first exhaust gas SEG1 and a second inlet 114 for receiving the scrubbed second exhaust gas SEG2 ,
- Discharge electrodes 220 and collection surfaces 210 for electrically precipitating the scrubbed exhaust gas (SEG1, SEG2) - the discharge electrodes 220 and the collection surfaces 210 are the electrostatic precipitator Arranged within the settling zone Z2 of (100)—, and
● includes an outlet 132 for discharging clean exhaust gas (CEG);
● The settling zone (Z2) is arranged between the inlet zone (Z1) and the outlet (132) of the electrostatic precipitator (100)—
- A first primary pipe 716 configured to transfer the scrubbed first exhaust gas SEG1 to the first inlet 112 of the electrostatic precipitator 100, and
- a second primary pipe 726 configured to transport the scrubbed second exhaust gas SEG2 to the second inlet 114 of the electrostatic precipitator 100,
array. According to claim 1,
- the arrangement 900 includes the first scrubbing in the first scrubber 710 to scrub the first exhaust gas EG1 by contacting the first exhaust gas EG1 with the first scrubbing solution It includes a first circulation unit 718 for spraying the solution SS1, and
[A] - The first circulation unit 718 is configured to scrub the second exhaust gas EG2 by contacting the second exhaust gas EG2 with the first scrubbing solution SS1 to scrub the second scrubber ( 720) is suitable for spraying the first scrubbing solution SS1 within;
[B] - The arrangement 900 includes the second scrubber 720 to scrub the second exhaust gas EG2 by contacting the second exhaust gas EG2 with the second scrubbing solution SS2. ) and a second circulation unit 728 for spraying the second scrubbing solution SS2 in the
Preferably,
- the first circulation part (718) comprises a heat exchanger (717) for cooling the first scrubbing solution (SS1),
array. According to claim 1 or 2,
- The electrostatic precipitator 100 includes, in a lower part of the electrostatic precipitator 100, a secondary outlet 140 for discharging effluent (EFF) from the electrostatic precipitator 100,
array. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the arrangement,
- a first internal combustion engine 810;
- a first secondary pipe (891) configured to convey the first exhaust gas (EG1) of the first internal combustion engine (810) to the inlet (712) of the first scrubber (710);
- a second internal combustion engine 820, and
- a second secondary piping (892) configured to convey the second exhaust gas (EG2) of the second internal combustion engine (820) to the inlet (722) of the second scrubber (720),
array. According to any one of claims 1 to 4,
- the first primary pipe 716,
● A first outlet 752 for discharging a portion of the scrubbed first exhaust gas SEG1 from the first primary pipe 716 to a location other than the electrostatic precipitator 100, and
● Transporting at least a portion of the scrubbed first exhaust gas SEG1 to the first outlet 752 and transferring at least a portion of the scrubbed first exhaust gas SEG1 to the first inlet of the electrostatic precipitator 100 a first valve arrangement (754) for delivery to (112);
Preferably,
- the second primary pipe 726,
● A second outlet 762 for discharging part of the scrubbed second exhaust gas SEG2 from the second primary pipe 726 to a location other than the electrostatic precipitator 100, and
● Transporting at least a portion of the scrubbed second exhaust gas SEG2 to the second outlet 762 and transferring at least a portion of the scrubbed second exhaust gas SEG2 to the second inlet of the electrostatic precipitator 100 a second valve arrangement (764) for delivery to (114);
array. According to any one of claims 1 to 5,
- a perforated plate (150) or perforated plates (150) between the inlet zone (Z1) and the settling zone (Z2), and/or
- a first perforated tube (152) configured to convey at least the first scrubbed exhaust gas (SEG1) to the inlet zone (Z1),
array. The electrostatic precipitator 100 according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
- an inlet 120 for entering the rinsing solution RS, and
- means (122) for cleaning at least some of the collection surfaces (210) and/or the discharge electrodes (220) of the electrostatic precipitator (100) with the rinsing solution (RS),
array. As a vehicle, such as a ship 910,
Comprising the arrangement (900) of any one of claims 1 to 7,
transportation. A method for cleaning at least a first exhaust gas (EG1) and a second exhaust gas (EG1), the method comprising:
- scrubbing said first exhaust gas (EG1) in a first scrubber (710) to produce a scrubbed first exhaust gas (SEG1);
- scrubbing the second exhaust gas (EG2) in a second scrubber (720) to produce a scrubbed second exhaust gas (SEG2);
- transferring at least a part of the scrubbed first exhaust gas (SEG1) to the electrostatic precipitator (100);
- transferring at least a part of the scrubbed second exhaust gas (SEG2) to the electrostatic precipitator (100);
- one or both of at least a portion of the scrubbed first exhaust gas (SEG1) and at least a portion of the scrubbed second exhaust gas (SEG2) in the electrostatic precipitator (100) to produce a clean exhaust gas (CEG) Including the step of cleaning,
A method for cleaning at least a first exhaust gas and a second exhaust gas. According to claim 9,
- In the first scrubber 710, the first scrubbing solution SS1 is sprayed to form droplets of the first scrubbing solution SS1 and the first exhaust gas EG1 discharges the first scrubbing solution SS1. bringing into contact with the droplets of (SS1), and
- in a second scrubber 720, spraying the first scrubbing solution SS1 or the second scrubbing solution SS2 to form droplets of the first or second scrubbing solution SS1, SS2 and bringing the second exhaust gas (EG2) into contact with droplets of the first or second scrubbing solution (SS1, SS2); Preferably, the method,
- cooling the first scrubbing solution (SS1) using a first heat exchanger (717), preferably using water, such as seawater, as coolant (C1);
More preferably,
- the first scrubbing solution (SS1) comprises water, eg fresh water and alkaline,
A method for cleaning at least a first exhaust gas and a second exhaust gas.
According to claim 9 or 10,
- generating said first exhaust gas (EG1) in a first internal combustion engine (810);
- transferring the second exhaust gas (EG2) to a second wet scrubber (720);
- conveying the first exhaust gas (EG1) to the first scrubber (710), and
- conveying the second exhaust gas (EG2) to a second scrubber (720),
A method for cleaning at least a first exhaust gas and a second exhaust gas. According to any one of claims 9 to 10,
- in a first time period, both (i) the scrubbed first exhaust gas SEG1 or a part thereof and (ii) the scrubbed second exhaust gas SEG2 or a part thereof are directed to the electrostatic precipitator 100 conveying; and/or
- in a second time period, only one of (i) the scrubbed first exhaust gas (SEG1) or a part thereof or (ii) the scrubbed second exhaust gas (SEG2) or a part thereof is passed to the electrostatic precipitator ( 100 ) transfer to, and/or
In a third time period, (i) the scrubbed first exhaust gas (SEG1) or a part thereof, or (ii) the scrubbed second exhaust gas (SEG2) or a part thereof is transported to the electrostatic precipitator (100). Including steps not to
A method for cleaning at least a first exhaust gas and a second exhaust gas. According to claim 12,
- in the first time period, to the electrostatic precipitator 100
[A] (i) only part of the scrubbed first exhaust gas (SEG1) and (ii) all of the scrubbed second exhaust gas (SEG2), or
[B] conveying both (i) only a portion of the scrubbed first exhaust gas (SEG1) and (ii) only a portion of the scrubbed second exhaust gas (SEG2), and/or
- during the second time period, transporting (i) only a portion of the scrubbed first exhaust gas (SEG1) or (ii) only a portion of the scrubbed second exhaust gas (SEG2) to the electrostatic precipitator (100). step of doing, and/or
- in the third time period, washing the electrostatic precipitator (100) with a rinsing solution (RS),
A method for cleaning at least a first exhaust gas and a second exhaust gas. According to any one of claims 9 to 13,
- mixing the clean exhaust gas (CEG) with a depluming gas (DPG) to reduce the plume of the clean exhaust gas (CEG);
A method for cleaning at least a first exhaust gas and a second exhaust gas. According to any one of claims 9 to 14,
The electrostatic precipitator 100 is arranged on a vehicle such as a ship 910,
A method for cleaning at least a first exhaust gas and a second exhaust gas.

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