KR20220162938A - Magnetic flux variable motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a variable magnetic flux motor. As an embodiment of the present invention, the variable magnetic flux motor comprises: a rotating shaft that rotates to generate power; a rotor surrounding the rotating shaft to fix it; an insertion part located in the rotor, wherein a permanent magnet is inserted into the insertion part to move; a weight part that is coupled with a link to the permanent magnet located inside the insertion part and moves in a radial direction along a guide part of a plate adjacent to the rotor; and a stator configured to surround the outside of the rotor. The weight part is configured to move the permanent magnet in a radially opposite direction of the weight part and the rotor in response to radial movement of the rotor.

Description

Magnetic flux variable motor {Magnetic flux variable motor}

The present invention relates to a variable magnetic flux motor, and more preferably, provides a structure in which a permanent magnet located in a rotor is moved in a radial direction in response to the rotational speed of the rotor, so that a magnet with a low coercive force level can be used during high-speed rotation of the motor. It is about a magnetic flux variable motor that makes it possible.

Recently, as energy consumption increases, a transition from a mechanical power source to an electrical power source is being made in various industrial fields. Motors, which are electrical power sources, are in the limelight in all fields of industry.

Motors are classified into DC motors and AC motors, and AC motors can be further classified into induction motors and synchronous motors using permanent magnets. Among them, the demand for synchronous motors using permanent magnets is rapidly increasing because motors using permanent magnets can reduce the size of motors for the same output compared to induction motors. Therefore, synchronous motors using permanent magnets are widely used in industry and commerce by designing controllers according to the purpose.

The reason why a permanent magnet is used in a motor is that magnetic energy must be applied to rotate the motor, and since the permanent magnet already has magnetic energy, the energy to be applied when rotating is saved that much.

1 is a view showing a motor using a conventional permanent magnet.

Referring to FIG. 1 , a stator 1 is disposed outside of a rotor 2 into which a rotating shaft is inserted and fixed. Permanent magnets 3 are spaced apart from each other and inserted into the rotor 2 , and guide portions 1a corresponding to the permanent magnets 3 are installed along the inner circumferential surface of the stator 1 . Since a coil is wound around the guide part 1a and serves as an electromagnet when current flows, the rotor 2 rotates by interaction with the permanent magnet 3 inserted into the rotor 2.

Since the permanent magnet 3 applies magnetic energy as described above, a larger torque can be obtained as the stronger permanent magnet 3 is used.

However, as the powerful permanent magnet 3 is used, field weakening control is required due to high induced voltage at high speed rotation, and furthermore, a high reverse magnetic field is generated in the magnet due to the field weakening current, so a magnet of high coercive force must be used. existed.

Patent Document 1: Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2018-002005

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a variable magnetic flux motor structure capable of preventing reverse magnetic field through permanent magnets moving in the radial direction of the rotor.

In addition, the present invention is to provide a variable magnetic flux motor that performs the radial movement of the permanent magnet in response to the rotational force of the rotor through a weight portion moved in the longitudinal direction in conjunction with the permanent magnet by the centrifugal force of the rotor.

The objects of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned objects, and other objects of the present invention not mentioned above can be understood by the following description and can be more clearly understood by the examples of the present invention. Also, the objects of the present invention may be realized by the means and combinations indicated in the claims.

The magnetic flux variable motor for achieving the object of the present invention described above includes the following configuration.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic flux variable motor includes a rotating shaft that rotates to generate power; a rotor surrounding the rotating shaft to fix it; an insertion unit located in the rotor and into which a permanent magnet is inserted and moved; a weight part fastened to a permanent magnet located inside the insertion part by means of a link and moved in a radial direction along the guide part of the plate adjacent to the rotor; and a stator configured to surround the outside of the rotor, wherein the magnetic flux variable motor is configured such that the permanent magnet moves in a direction radially opposite to the weight portion and the rotor in response to radial movement of the rotor. provides

In addition, the weight portion provides a magnetic flux variable motor configured to move to one end of the guide portion far from the central axis when the rotor is rotated at a second rotational speed or higher.

In addition, the guide portion provides a magnetic flux variable motor further comprising an elastic member positioned at one end facing the weight portion.

In addition, when the elastic member rotates at less than the first rotational speed, the weight part is located at one end of the guide part adjacent to the central axis of the rotor, and the permanent magnet is located at the other end of the insertion part far from the central axis of the rotor. It provides a variable magnetic flux motor configured to be located at.

In addition, the elastic member is configured to be converted into a compressed state by the weight portion when the rotor rotates at a second rotational speed or more, and the permanent magnet is positioned at one end of the insertion portion close to the central axis of the rotor. It provides a magnetic flux variable motor configured.

In addition, to correspond to the movement of the weight portion in the longitudinal direction, the insertion portion provides a variable magnetic flux motor configured in an arc shape.

In addition, the arc-shaped insertion part provides a variable magnetic flux motor disposed such that convex arc-shaped faces face each other.

In addition, the outer radius of the arc-shaped insert provides a variable magnetic flux motor configured to have a ratio of 0.25 to the radius of the rotor.

In addition, the inner radius of the arc-shaped insert provides a variable magnetic flux motor configured to have a ratio of 0.19 to the radius of the rotor.

In addition, the arc-shaped insertion part provides a magnetic flux variable motor configured to rotate the permanent magnet along the inside of the insertion part within a 35 degree angle based on the central axis of the arc shape.

The present invention can obtain the following effects by combining and using the above embodiments and configurations to be described below.

The present invention has an effect of increasing the efficiency of the motor at high speed through a magnetic flux variable motor in which permanent magnets can be varied in a radial direction in response to the amount of rotation of the rotor.

In addition, the present invention provides a variable magnetic flux motor that can have a high-speed rotation by using a magnet of a low coercive force level, and has an effect of cost reduction.

1 is a prior art, showing a cross-sectional side view of a structure of a rotor and a stator for driving a motor.
2 shows a front cross-sectional view of a low-speed rotation of a variable magnetic flux motor as an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is an embodiment of the present invention, showing a front cross-sectional view of a variable magnetic flux motor at high speed rotation.
Figure 4a is an embodiment of the present invention, showing a cross-sectional view of the weight portion located on the plate.
Figure 4a is an embodiment of the present invention, showing a perspective view of the weight portion located on the plate.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Embodiments of the present invention may be modified in various forms, and the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the following examples. This embodiment is provided to more completely explain the present invention to those skilled in the art.

In addition, terms such as "...unit", "...rotor 200", "...stator 400" described in the specification mean a unit that processes at least one function or operation, which It can be implemented in hardware or software or a combination of hardware and software.

In addition, in this specification, the names of the components are divided into first, second, etc. in order to classify them based on the relationship in which the names of the components are the same, and the order is not necessarily limited in the following description.

Hereinafter, the embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and in the description with reference to the accompanying drawings, the same or corresponding components are given the same reference numerals, and overlapping descriptions thereof will be omitted.

An embodiment of the variable magnetic flux motor according to the present invention provides a configuration for increasing the efficiency of the motor during high-speed rotation in order to prevent a high reverse magnetic field during high-speed rotation of the motor.

The motor of the present invention includes a rotational shaft that rotates to generate power, a rotor 200 into which the rotational shaft is inserted and fixed, and an insertion part 210 formed on the rotor 200 and extending from the outer circumferential surface of the rotational shaft into which a permanent magnet 220 is inserted. ), a stator 400 installed on the outside of the rotor 200 and having a slot corresponding to the permanent magnet 220, and an insertion part 210 in which the permanent magnet 220 is located inside and is configured to move along an arc shape. ).

One end of the rotating shaft is inserted into and fixed to the inside of the rotor 200, and when the rotor 200 rotates, the rotating shaft also rotates. The other end of the rotating shaft is connected to a gear (not shown) to transmit power according to the rotation of the rotating shaft.

One end of the rotor 200 includes a plate 300 configured to rotate together with the rotor 200, and the plate 300 introduces a fluid for lubricating or cooling the inside of the rotor 200. It can be configured to be. Furthermore, a weight part 310 is located in the plate 300 and is fastened to the permanent magnet 220 located inside the insertion part 210 through a link 230, and the inside of the plate 300 contains the rotor 200. A guide part 320 configured to allow the weight part 310 to move in a radial longitudinal direction in response to the amount of rotation is further included.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the weight portion 310 is configured to include a protrusion 311 at one end facing the plate 300, and when the plate 300 moves in the longitudinal direction, the protrusion 311 is a guide portion ( 320 is configured to move along the groove 330 in the longitudinal direction.

An inner end of the guide part 320 may include an elastic member 340 fastened to the weight part 310, and the elastic member 340 is one end of the guide part 320 adjacent to the rotating shaft and is attached to the weight part 310. A predetermined elastic force (tension) can be provided. More preferably, the elastic member 340 is fixed to one end close to the stator of the guide part and is configured to be fixed to the end of the weight part 310.

The stator 400 is disposed outside the rotor 200, and a plurality of slots are formed on the inner circumferential surface of the stator 400. The slots are spaced along the inner circumferential surface of the stator 400 to correspond to the permanent magnets 220 inserted into the rotor 200.

A coil is wound around the slot of the stator 400, so that when power is applied to the stator 400, a current flows through the coil wound around the slot, thereby acting as an electromagnet to form an N pole or an S pole.

The rotor 200 is disposed inside the stator 400, and a plurality of permanent magnets 220 are inserted into the rotor 200 along the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft. More preferably, the permanent magnet 220 may be configured to be located in at least one insertion part 210 located in the rotor 200 . Since the permanent magnet 220 inserted into the rotor 200 forms an N pole or an S pole, the rotor 200 rotates by interaction with the corresponding slot of the stator 400 .

The permanent magnet 220 according to the present invention is configured to be located at least partially inside the shape of the insertion part 210 along the radial direction of the rotor 200, and corresponds to the rotation amount of the rotor 200, the insertion part ( 210) is configured to move along the inside. More preferably, the permanent magnet 220 is configured to move in the radial direction of the rotor 200 along the arc shape of the insertion portion 210 configured in an arc shape.

The permanent magnet 220 is a magnet that does not change for a long time and retains magnetic force, and may be made of carbon steel, tungsten magnetic steel, MK magnetic steel, NKS magnetic steel, sintered aluminico, or the like. Permanent magnets 220 may be installed in multiples of 2 because at least two must be installed to have N and S poles. When the number n2 of permanent magnets 220 to be installed is determined, the number n1 of slots is determined accordingly.

At least one end cover configured to be wrapped with a case outside the stator 400 and configured to fix the stator 400 integrally with the case may be included at both ends of the case.

2 shows a cross-sectional side view of a rotor 200 as an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown, the rotor 200 includes an insertion portion 210 and further includes a permanent magnet 220 positioned at a portion of the insertion portion 210 . The permanent magnet 220 is configured to be engaged with the weight portion 310 moving along the plate 300 through the link 230 .

In one embodiment of the present invention, the insertion part 210 is configured to have an arc shape, and at least one pair may be positioned around the circumference of the rotor 200 as a pair so as to be symmetrical to each other with the adjacent insertion part 210 . A plurality of insertion parts 210 configured to face each other as a pair may be located along the circumference of the rotor 200 . Moreover, the arc shape of the insertion portion 210 may be configured in an arc shape based on the central axis located on the link 230 fastening the weight portion 310 and the permanent magnet 220, the permanent magnet 220 ) Is configured to perform a circular motion along the inside of the insertion part 210 in response to the movement of the weight part 310 in the longitudinal direction. The center of the arc shape of the insertion part 210 may be configured at a position adjacent to the end of the link 230 .

As such, the link 230 is fastened to the center of the permanent magnet 220 and the other end is located at the weight part 310, so that the permanent magnet 220 rotates in the radial direction in response to the longitudinal movement of the weight part 310. It is configured to perform a curvature motion according to.

The elastic member 340 located at one end of the guide part 320 inside the plate 300 is configured to be fastened with the weight part 310, and the elastic member 340 is a guide part in which the weight part 310 is close to the rotational axis. (320) It is configured to apply an elastic force to come into contact with one end.

When the rotor 200 is rotated, centrifugal force acts on the weight portion 310, and the weight portion 310 moves along the guide portion 320 in response to the magnitude of the centrifugal force and the elastic force applied to the weight portion 310. It is configured to perform a longitudinal movement of.

In the illustrated state, the rotor 200 shows a cross-section of the motor in less than the first rotational speed or in a stopped state, and the weight part 310 is close to the rotational axis of the guide part 320 by the elastic member 340. It is configured to be positioned adjacent to one end. When the weight part 310 is located at one end of the guide part 320, the permanent magnet 220 fastened to the link 230 is configured to be located at one end far from the insertion part 210 in the radial direction.

The permanent magnet 220 is moved along both ends of the insertion portion 210 in response to the amount of rotation of the link 230, and the amount of rotation of the link 230 is determined in response to the movement of the weight portion 310 in the longitudinal direction. do. Therefore, the position of the permanent magnet 220 inside the insertion part 210 is determined by the magnitude of the elastic force applied to the weight part 310 and the centrifugal force according to the rotation of the rotor 200 .

FIG. 3 illustrates the positional relationship of the weight part 310 and the permanent magnet 220 when the rotor 200 rotates at a second rotational speed or higher as an embodiment of the present invention.

The motor receives current from a battery located in the vehicle, and the rotor 200 rotates according to the magnetic change of the coil located in the stator 400 based on the applied battery current. When the rotor 200 rotates at the second rotational speed or higher, the centrifugal force acting on the weight part 310 acts relatively stronger than the elastic force applied from the elastic member 340, and along the guide part 320 Perform a longitudinal movement radially outward.

The weight portion 310 performing longitudinal movement along the guide portion 320 is fastened to a permanent magnet 220 and a link 230, and one end of the link 230 coupled to the permanent magnet 220 is It is configured to rotate in a direction close to the axis of rotation. The insertion part 210 is composed of a part of a circle based on the center located on the link 230, and the permanent magnet 220 located inside the insertion part 210 has an arc shape (arc) of the insertion part 210. It is configured to be moved to one end adjacent to the rotational axis along the shape).

As such, when the permanent magnet 220 is moved to one end close to the rotation axis in response to the high-speed rotation of the rotor 200, the magnetic flux applied from the permanent magnet 220 may be lowered so that the field weakening current is reduced.

That is, when the end of the permanent magnet 220 located inside the arc-shaped insertion part 210 is moved to one end adjacent to the rotation axis, a significant portion of the magnetic flux generated at one end of the permanent magnet 220 adjacent to the rotation axis is transferred to the rotor ( 200) It can be leaked to the lower end in the radial direction, so that the vertical movement of the permanent magnet 220 using the center of rotation is facilitated.

4A and 4B show configurations of the plate 300 and the end surface of the rotor 200 where the weight part 310 is located.

The weight part 310 is located on the plate 300 configured to surround the outer surface of the rotor 200, and the link 230 is located between the plate 300 and the outer surface of the rotor 200. More preferably, one side of the link 230 is fastened to the weight portion 310 and the other side is configured to be fastened to the permanent magnet 220 . Therefore, it includes a weight part 310 and a permanent magnet 220 fastened to different surfaces of the link 230, so that the link 230 can move between the rotor 200 and the plate 300. It is configured to form a gap of

The weight portion 310 is inserted into and positioned inside the guide portion 320 of the plate 300 so that at least a portion thereof is wrapped around the plate 300 . The weight portion 310 is configured to correspond to the groove 330 of the guide portion 320 of the plate 300 by including a protrusion 311 on one surface inserted into the plate 300 . Further, the groove 330 of the guide portion 320 of the plate 300 is formed along a radial longitudinal direction, and along the longitudinal direction of the guide portion 320 in a state in which the protruding portion 311 is inserted into the groove 330. positioned to move

The guide portion 320 includes an elastic member 340 fixed to one end and the other end fastened to the weight portion 310, and the elastic member 340 includes a guide portion 320 in which the weight portion 310 is close to the axis of rotation. ) Apply elastic force to be located at one end. Furthermore, the elastic force of the elastic member 340 may be determined corresponding to the rotational speed of the rotor 200 .

The weight part 310 is located at one end of the guide part 320 close to the rotational axis when the rotor 200 is less than the first rotational speed due to the elastic force of the elastic member 340, and the rotor 200 is moved at or above the first rotational speed. When rotated, it is configured to be located between both ends of the guide part 320 . Moreover, when the rotor 200 rotates at the second rotational speed or more, the weight part 310 is configured to move to the other end of the guide part 320 close to the stator 400 . This is configured so that radial centrifugal force is applied to the weight portion 310 according to the rotation of the rotor 200, and the weight portion 310 is moved by the resultant force of the elastic force applied in the opposite direction to the centrifugal force from the elastic member 340. location is determined.

In response to the movement of the weight portion 310, the permanent magnet 220 connected to the link 230 is configured to move along the insertion portion 210 in a direction opposite to the moving direction of the weight portion 310. That is, when the weight part 310 moves in the longitudinal direction to one end of the guide part 320 close to the central axis, the permanent magnet 220 connected to the weight part 310 and the link 230 is close to the stator 400. It is configured to move to one end of the insertion portion 210. Conversely, when the weight part 310 moves to the other end of the guide part 320 closer to the stator 400, the permanent magnet 220 moves to the other end of the insertion part 210 closer to the central axis.

As such, the weight part 310 is provided to perform longitudinal movement in response to the rotational amount of the rotor 200, and the permanent magnet moves in the opposite direction to the moving direction of the weight part 310 in conjunction with the weight part 310 ( 220, the permanent magnet 220 is configured to move to a position close to the central axis when the rotor 200 rotates at a relatively high speed.

The permanent magnet 220 is configured to be positioned between both ends of the arc-shaped insertion portion 210 when the rotor 200 has a rotational speed between the first rotational speed and the second rotational speed. The permanent magnet 220 positioned between both ends may leak magnetic flux generated at the lower end of the permanent magnet 220 to the lower end of the rotor 200 . As shown, the magnetic flux formed from the permanent magnet 220 is concentrated on the outer surface of the rotor 200, and the magnetic flux leaks to the inner surface of the rotor 200.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the outer radius ② of the arc-shaped insert 210 where the permanent magnet 220 is located may be configured to have a ratio of 0.25 to the radius ① of the rotor 200 . In addition, the inner radius ③ of the arc-shaped insert 210 may be configured to have a ratio of 0.19 to the radius ① of the rotor 200 . In addition, the thickness of the magnet (the width of the insertion portion 210)④ may be configured to have 0.06 compared to the radius ① of the rotor 200.

In addition, the arc-shaped insertion part 210 of the permanent magnet 220 is configured so that the permanent magnet 220 rotates along the inside of the insertion part 210 within an angle of 35 degrees based on the central axis of the arc shape.

As described above, the present invention provides a magnetic flux variable motor configured such that the permanent magnet 220 moves inside the insertion part 210 in response to the centrifugal force applied to the weight part 310, and the rotor 200 has a high speed It is to provide a variable magnetic flux motor structure that can suppress the high induced voltage generated during rotation.

5 illustrates an internal structure of a variable magnetic flux motor in response to rotation speed and efficiency data therethrough as an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown, in the low-speed region, in the region where the rotational speed of the rotor is 5000 to 8000 RPM, the permanent magnet 220 located inside the insertion part 210 is configured to be positioned in contact with one end far from the rotational central axis. do.

In addition, as a high-speed region, in the region of 9000 to 13000 RPM, the permanent magnet 220 located inside the insertion part 210 is configured to be positioned in contact with one end adjacent to the central axis of rotation.

In the illustrated table, the rotational speed of the X-axis rotor is expressed in RPM, and the Y-axis is a torque value in units of Nm generated from the motor, showing a positive motoring area and a negative generating area. Furthermore, the efficiency shown in this table means the mechanical output predicted according to the electrical input (motoring area) versus the actual calculated mechanical output, or the electrical output predicted according to the mechanical input (generating area) compared to the actually calculated electrical output. It means the ratio of the output.

As a low speed region, in the RPM range of 5000 to 8000, as shown in the table on the left, it is configured to have an average efficiency of 94.1% in the positive driving region (motoring region) and negative power generation region (generating region) of the motor. . This provides an efficiency increase of 0.5% compared to the average efficiency of 93.6% in the same speed range shown in the table to the right.

In addition, as a high-speed region, as shown in the table on the right in the RPM range of 9000 to 13000, the average efficiency of the driving region (motoring region) and the power generation region (generating region) of the motor is configured to have 89.2%. This has an efficiency increase effect of 2% compared to the average of 87.2% at the same rotational speed shown in the left table.

That is, in the present invention, the permanent magnet 220 moving along the inside of the insertion part is located in contact with one end far from the rotation center axis in the low-speed region, and the permanent magnet 220 located inside the insertion part 210 in the high-speed region It is configured to be positioned in contact with one end adjacent to the rotation center axis, and provides an effect of increasing efficiency compared to a motor having a fixed shape of a permanent magnet.

The above detailed description is illustrative of the present invention. In addition, the foregoing is intended to illustrate and describe preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments. That is, changes or modifications are possible within the scope of the concept of the invention disclosed in this specification, within the scope equivalent to the disclosed contents and / or within the scope of skill or knowledge in the art. The described embodiment describes the best state for implementing the technical spirit of the present invention, and various changes required in specific application fields and uses of the present invention are also possible. Therefore, the above detailed description of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the disclosed embodiments. Also, the appended claims should be construed to cover other embodiments as well.

200: rotor
210: insertion part
220: permanent magnet
230: link
300: plate
310: parts by weight
311 protrusion
320: guide unit
330: home
340: elastic member
400: stator

Claims (10)

a rotating shaft that rotates to generate power;
a rotor surrounding the rotating shaft to fix it;
an insertion unit located in the rotor and into which a permanent magnet is inserted and moved;
a weight part fastened to a permanent magnet located inside the insertion part by a link and moving in a radial direction along the guide part of the plate adjacent to the rotor; and
A stator configured to surround the outside of the rotor; includes,
The magnetic flux variable motor configured to move the permanent magnet in a radially opposite direction of the weight part and the rotor in response to the radial movement of the weight part of the rotor.
According to claim 1,
The variable magnetic flux motor configured to move the weight part to one end of the guide part far from the central axis when the rotor is rotated at a second rotational speed or higher.
According to claim 1,
The magnetic flux variable motor further comprising an elastic member positioned at one end of the guide portion facing the weight portion.
According to claim 3,
In the elastic member, when the rotor rotates at less than the first rotational speed, the weight part is located at one end of the guide part adjacent to the central axis of the rotor, and the permanent magnet is located at the other end of the insertion part far from the central axis of the rotor. A magnetic flux variable motor configured to.
According to claim 3,
The elastic member is configured to be converted into a compressed state by the weight portion when the rotor rotates at a second rotational speed or more, and the permanent magnet is configured to be located at one end of the insertion portion close to the central axis of the rotor variable flux motor.
According to claim 1,
The magnetic flux variable motor in which the insertion portion is configured in an arc shape in response to the longitudinal movement of the weight portion.
According to claim 6,
The arc-shaped insertion portion is a magnetic flux variable motor in which convex arc shapes are disposed to face each other.
According to claim 6,
The outer radius of the arc-shaped insert is configured to have a ratio of 0.25 to the radius of the rotor.
According to claim 6,
The inner radius of the arc-shaped insert is configured to have a ratio of 0.19 to the radius of the rotor magnetic flux variable motor.
According to claim 6,
The arc-shaped insertion part is a magnetic flux variable motor configured to rotate along the inside of the insertion part within a 35 degree angle based on the central axis of the arc-shaped permanent magnet.

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