KR20220159517A - the thermal insulation structure of the cryogenic container - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a thermal insulation structure of a cryogenic container that efficiently blocks external heat to prevent loss of low-temperature liquid stored inside due to the heat transferred to an outer wall of a single-wall container or multi-wall container, and blocks internal heat from being easily released to the outside. According to the present invention, the thermal insulation structure of a cryogenic container comprises: a container body of a single-wall container for storing cryogenic substances; a polyurethane foam layer coated on an outer wall surface of the container body; a polyurethane foam layer coated on the inner wall surface of the container body; and an aerogel layer disposed on an outer surface of the polyurethane foam layer.

Description

The thermal insulation structure of the cryogenic container}

The present invention relates to an insulation structure of a cryogenic container, and more particularly, to blocking external heat to prevent loss of cryogenic liquid stored inside by heat transferred to the outer wall of a single-wall container or multi-wall container and to prevent loss due to vaporization and internal It relates to a thermal insulation structure of a cryogenic container that efficiently blocks heat from being easily released to the outside.

In recent years, it has been attracting attention as an alternative energy that can prevent environmental pollution caused by fine dust and other pollutants, use clean energy, and replace petroleum-based energy. -196 ℃), liquid argon (-186 ℃), LNG (-[0002] 162 ℃), etc. Demand and trade volume are gradually increasing.

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) includes gas that becomes liquid by compressing gas at room temperature and compressed gas that is cooled and pressurized below a critical temperature, not room temperature, to liquefy. Liquefied natural gas whose main component is methane is a cryogenic liquid that is compressed, cooled, and liquefied at a temperature of -163 ° C or lower to reduce its volume. This liquefied natural gas has a smaller volume than when it is in a gaseous state and is stored in a storage container, making it easy to transport over long distances.

The container for storing such liquefied natural gas or liquid nitrogen may be structurally formed in a cylindrical or spherical shape to withstand the internal pressure, and the inner and outer surfaces of the container for storing the cryogenic liquefied gas are protected as a heat insulating material to provide an insulation effect. will do

In addition, such a storage container is also made of a structure of a double container including a single container or an inner container and an insulation material that blocks heat transfer between the outside and an outer container that prevents external impact of the insulation material.

The insulation structure of such conventional storage containers mainly uses hard urethane foam with excellent insulation performance and tensile strength, or arranges glass wool on the surface to form a hard urethane foam layer, or a structure in which soft and hard urethane foam layers are mixed and laminated. It is becoming.

However, due to the nature of the cryogenic container, it maintains -200° during loading of cryogenic cargo and maintains room temperature during unloading, resulting in rapid temperature and volume changes. Polyurethane foam used as a fatal problem occurs that cracks easily occur, and as a result, the insulation effect is rapidly deteriorated, so that internal heat is released to the outside and external heat also penetrates into the inside.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems, and to insulate a cryogenic container to prevent cracking of the insulation material in response to the expansion and contraction of the container due to the temperature difference between loading and unloading of cryogenic cargo. to provide structure.

The present invention is a means for achieving the above object, a container body of a single wall container for storing cryogenic substances; A polyurethane foam layer coated on the outer wall surface of the container body; A polyurethane foam layer coated on the inner wall surface of the container body; An airgel layer disposed on the outer surface of the polyurethane foam layer; provides a thermal insulation structure of the cryogenic container, characterized in that it comprises.

In addition, the airgel layer is characterized in that it is disposed on the outer surface of the polyurethane foam layer coated on the outer wall surface of the container body.

The present invention includes an inner cell in which cryogenic materials are stored; a container body of a multi-walled container composed of an outer cell installed spaced apart from the inner cell with an adiabatic space; an insulating material disposed on an outer wall surface of the inner cell; an airgel layer coated on an outer surface of the insulating material; A polyurethane foam layer coated on the inner wall surface of the inner cell; An airgel layer coated on the outer surface of the polyurethane foam layer provides a thermal insulation structure of the cryogenic container, characterized in that it comprises.

In addition, it is characterized in that the insulation material 70 of polyurethane foam or airgel is coated on the entire outer surface of the reinforcing material circularly installed along the circumference of the inner wall surface of the outer cell. .

The insulation structure of the cryogenic vessel of the present invention is insulated by laminating a lightweight airgel having excellent heat insulation and heat resistance properties on the surface of urethane having low thermal conductivity and excellent cold insulation properties, thereby minimizing the contact between the inner material and the container and inflow of heat from the outside. By blocking, there is an effect of reducing the temperature change of the liquid phase and remarkably improving the crack prevention performance even in rapid temperature change.

1 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of a single wall container according to an embodiment of the present invention
Figure 2 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view of a multi-wall container according to another embodiment of the present invention
Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a multi-wall container
Figure 4 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line "Ga-Ga" of Figure 3

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail, focusing on parts necessary for understanding the structure and operation according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Since the embodiments described in this specification and the configurations shown in the drawings are only one of the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent all of the technical ideas of the present invention, various modifications that can be substituted for them at the time of the present application It should be understood that there may be

While describing the embodiments of the present invention, detailed descriptions of properties and physical properties of materials commonly known in the art to which the present invention pertains will be omitted.

In addition, in describing the components of the present invention, different reference numerals may be assigned to components having the same name according to the drawings, and the same reference numerals may be assigned even though the drawings are different.

In addition, technical terms used in this specification should be interpreted in terms commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, unless specifically defined otherwise in this specification, and are not excessively comprehensive. It should not be interpreted as meaning or in an excessively reduced meaning.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view of a single-wall container according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of a multi-wall container according to another embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the multi-wall container, FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line “Ga-Ga” of FIG. 3 .

The thermal insulation structure of the cryogenic container of the present invention as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is applied to a single-wall container (A) made of a single cell and a multi-wall container (B) made of a plurality of cells.

Referring to Figure 1, the heat insulation structure of the single-wall container (A) made of a single cell of the present invention, the container body 100 of the single-wall container (A) for storing cryogenic substances; A polyurethane foam layer 10 coated on the outer wall surface of the container body 100; A polyurethane foam layer (10') coated on the inner wall surface of the container body (100); It is characterized by including; an airgel layer 20 coated on the outer surface of the polyurethane foam layer 10'.

The single wall container (A) of the present invention as described above is adhered to the surface of the polyurethane foam layer (10) (10') on the outer and inner wall surfaces of the container body (100) and the polyurethane foam layer (10') on the inner wall surface. The combination of the airgel layer 20, which blocks the release of internal heat to the outside and has a very large insulation effect to block external heat from penetrating into the inside, especially the storage material stored and discharged inside the storage container Cracking of the heat insulating material does not occur even with rapid temperature changes according to the heat insulating material, and the heat insulating structure of the present invention has sufficient strength to withstand the sloshing load of the storage material.

The container body 100 of the single wall container (A) of the present invention may be made of stainless steel, aluminum, nickel steel, etc., which are known and commonly used in the art.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the polyurethane foam layer 10 (10 ') is a porous material made of polyol and diisocyanate, as is known, and is soft and hard, both of which have low thermal conductivity and are very excellent heat insulating materials. As it is widely used, the polyurethane foam layer 10 (10') of the present invention can also be used softly, but it may be preferable to use it as a rigid polyurethane foam layer having higher heat insulation and excellent adhesion to iron plates.

Since the polyurethane foam layer 10 (10') preferably has an elongation rate capable of preventing cracking at cryogenic temperatures, the elongation rate may be 5% or more and 15% or more.

In addition, the density of the polyurethane foam layer (10) (10') preferably has a high range capable of maintaining its original properties and durability, and may be, for example, 10 to 100 kg/m 2 .

In addition, the polyurethane foam layer 10 (10') has a high tensile strength and tear strength to overcome the load of the cargo stored in the container, which is advantageous in that it can withstand the sloshing load of the loaded cargo, and the tensile strength is 100 kpa or more can be

The polyurethane foam layer 10 coated on the outer wall surface of the container body 100 of the single-wall container A is coated with a thickness thicker than the polyurethane foam layer 10 'coated on the inner wall surface of the container body 100, It prevents external heat from penetrating into the inside of the storage container, and the thickness of the polyurethane foam layer (10') coated on the inner wall surface is preferably at least 30um or more in consideration of the minimum cold insulation characteristics and production lines, and these are spray to be coated.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the airgel layer 20 deposited on the outer surface of the polyurethane foam layer 10' coated on the inner wall surface of the container body 100 has excellent heat insulation and heat resistance properties, It is combined with the foam layer 10' to provide excellent thermal insulation effect.

As is well known, airgel is composed of up to 99.8% of air and silicon dioxide (SiO₂), which is 1/10000 the thickness of a human hair, and is only 1/750 the weight of glass, but has a heat insulating ability 60 times better than that of glass. It has very fine pores. The porous structure blocks the circulation of air and disables convection, conduction, and radiation where heat transfer occurs due to the low thermal conductivity of silica. Very effective in bearing loads.

In particular, airgel minimizes the contact between the storage material inside the container and the container body 100 due to low volume change due to temperature change, and through this, it is possible to minimize the temperature change of the internal liquid phase by preventing heat inflow to the outside. It is very effective in preventing cracks in the insulation structure by adapting to rapid temperature changes caused by the entry and exit of storage materials.

Here, the airgel layer 20 may also be coated on the outer surface of the polyurethane foam layer 10 coated on the outer wall surface of the inner cell 30.

Figure 2 shows the heat insulation structure of a multi-wall container (B) in which the container body 200 of the present invention is composed of a plurality of cells, and the container body 200 of the multi-wall container (B) has an inner cell in which cryogenic substances are stored. (30); an outer cell 40 installed to be spaced apart from the inner cell 30 with an adiabatic space; an insulating material 50 attached to the outer wall surface of the inner cell 30; an airgel layer 20 disposed on an outer surface of the insulating material 50; A polyurethane foam layer (10') coated on the inner wall surface of the inner cell (30); It is characterized by including; an airgel layer 20 disposed on the outer surface of the polyurethane foam layer 10'.

Here, the outer shell 40 spaced apart from the outer side of the inner cell 30 is supported and installed by a separate support not shown, and since such a support has a known structure, a description thereof will be omitted.

In the case of the multi-wall container (B) as described above, a much stronger insulation effect can be obtained than that of the single-wall container (A), and the heat insulation structure disposed on the inner wall surface of the inner cell 30 is the same as that of the single-wall container (A). Similarly, the polyurethane foam layer 10 'and the airgel layer 20 are formed, and the outer wall surface of the inner cell 30 is made of an insulating material 50 such as glass fiber, and the airgel is placed on the outer surface of the storage container. It is possible to more reliably block the temperature and heat dissipation of the cargo loaded in, and the heat penetrating from the outside is reliably blocked by the outer shell 40 and the insulation space and the insulating material 50 and the airgel coated on the outer wall surface of the inner cell 30 It has the effect of being able to store the stored cargo without temperature change.

3 shows a structure in which a reinforcing material 60, called a common girder, is installed along the circumference on the inner wall surface of the outer shell 40 in the case of the multi-wall container (B) as shown in FIG. 2 to reinforce the outer shell 40. As an example, the reinforcing material 60 is installed in a state in which a heat insulating material 70 that prevents heat conduction due to proximity to the inner cell 30 is wrapped around the entire outer surface.

The insulating material 70 may be polyurethane or airgel.

The heat insulation structure of the cryogenic storage container according to the present invention as described above has low heat conduction in the inner cells 30 of the container bodies 100 and 200 constituting the single-wall container (A) or the multi-wall container (B), and the heat insulation effect is low. The insulation effect is increased by the polyurethane foam layer (10) (10') and the airgel layer (20) bonded to the surface of the polyurethane foam layer (10) (10'), which effectively blocks the heat dissipation from the inside of the container and the inflow of external heat, thereby maintaining the cryogenic temperature of the stored material. there is

In addition, the airgel disposed on the outer surface of the polyurethane foam layer 10 (10') not only enhances the heat insulation and heat resistance properties, but also reduces the occurrence of cracks in the insulation structure caused by rapid temperature change due to the temperature difference of the storage material. It provides the effect of preventing the reduction of the insulation effect.

Reference Numerals 10, 10': polyurethane foam layer 20: airgel layer 30: inner cell 40: outer cell 50: insulating material 60: reinforcing material 70: insulating material 100, 200: container body A: single wall container B: multi-wall container

Claims (4)

A container body 100 of a single wall container (A) for storing cryogenic substances; A polyurethane foam layer 10 coated on the outer wall surface of the container body 100; A polyurethane foam layer (10') coated on the inner wall surface of the container body (100); The insulation structure of the cryogenic vessel, characterized in that it comprises; an airgel layer (20) disposed on the outer surface of the polyurethane foam layer (10') of the inner wall surface. The insulation structure of a cryogenic container according to claim 1, wherein the airgel layer (20) is also disposed on the outer surface of the polyurethane foam layer (10) coated on the outer wall surface of the container body (100). an inner cell 30 in which cryogenic materials are stored; a container body 200 of a multi-wall container (B) consisting of an outer cell 40 installed to be spaced apart from the inner cell 30 with an adiabatic space therebetween; an insulating material 50 attached to the outer wall surface of the inner cell 30; an airgel layer 20 disposed on an outer surface of the insulating material 50; A polyurethane foam layer (10') coated on the inner wall surface of the inner cell (30); The insulation structure of the cryogenic vessel, characterized in that it comprises; an airgel layer (20) disposed on the outer surface of the polyurethane foam layer (10'). The insulation structure of a cryogenic container according to claim 3, wherein the entire outer surface of the reinforcing material 60 circumferentially installed on the inner wall surface of the outer shell 40 is coated with a polyurethane foam or airgel insulation material 70. .

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