KR20220122620A - Carbonaceous solid heat treatment apparatus and method - Google Patents

Abstract

Carbonaceous solids can be continuously heat-treated at a high temperature for a long period of time without changes in the filling degree of the carbonaceous solids, fluctuations in fluidity, or blockage in the furnace due to these, improving productivity and workability. A three-dimensional heat treatment apparatus and method are provided. It is provided above the furnace body 21, and the input part 10 for injecting|throwing-in the carbonaceous solid A into the furnace body 21 is provided. The input unit 10 is provided below the distribution hopper 12 for distributing the carbonaceous solid A and the distribution hopper 12 to remove fine powder from each of the distributed carbonaceous solids A. A plurality of feeders 13 having a function, and installed below each feeder 13, the carbonaceous solid (A) from which the fine powder has been removed is lowered inside the furnace body (A) 21), a plurality of raw material bottles 14 are provided. The plurality of raw material bottles 14 are arranged concentrically with the central axis of the furnace body 21 at equal intervals.

Description

Carbonaceous solid heat treatment apparatus and method therefor

The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for heat treatment of carbonaceous granules.

Since the physical properties of carbonaceous solids, for example, anthracite particles, coke particles, carbonaceous granules, and mixed granules of metal oxide and carbon, change significantly depending on the heat treatment temperature, raw materials for electrodes or carbonaceous refractories When used as a raw material for a dragon, an electronic material, or a battery material, a uniform heat treatment is required. Further, even when a mixture of a metal oxide and carbon is subjected to a reduction reaction by heat treatment to obtain carbides of various metals, uniform heat treatment is essential to ensure the desired reaction.

For this reason, conventionally, a method in which carbonaceous solids such as anthracite particles are put into a vertical electric heat treatment furnace, and heat is continuously performed at about 1500° C. to about 1500° C. . Further, Patent Document 1 discloses a method of uniformly continuously graphitizing at about 3000°C.

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-167208

In the heat treatment of the carbonaceous solid in the heat treatment apparatus, it is necessary to transport the carbonaceous solid to the input position. Transport methods include transport by vehicle, subdivision into bags or cans such as flacon bags and lifting by cranes, methods using transport devices such as bucket elevators, belt conveyors, screw conveyors, etc., air transport, etc. , or a method of combining these transport and transport devices. In any transport or transport method, a force due to vibration, impact, or friction is applied to the carbonaceous solid. In particular, as in a vertical heat treatment furnace, when the carbonaceous solid is introduced from above the furnace, the force acting on the carbonaceous solid is large because it is affected by gravity. As a result, the carbonaceous solid is physically damaged and fine powder or fragments are generated.

When these fine powders or fragments are incorporated into the carbonaceous solid, the degree of filling of the carbonaceous solid in the furnace changes, not only does the heat treatment for the carbonaceous solid become non-uniform, but also inhibits the flow of the carbonaceous solid. In the worst case, there is a fear that a stop layer is formed, causing clogging in the furnace. Also, the same problem may occur if the flow of the carbonaceous solid is partially disturbed, and the flow rate per unit time of the carbonaceous solid descending in the furnace is different depending on the descending position.

In particular, in a vertical electric heat treatment furnace in which the carbonaceous solid is continuously heat-treated by direct energization of the carbonaceous solid, the change in electrical resistivity according to the change in the degree of filling affects the current path, and as a result, the carbonaceous solid is heat-treated. There is a possibility that a phenomenon in which current flows locally in the furnace body in which the is charged, that is, a drift current.

When drift occurs in the vertical electric heat treatment furnace, not only it is impossible to uniformly heat-treat the carbonaceous solid, but also the drift point may become remarkably high. When such a locally significant high-temperature zone is generated, carbon sublimation occurs in the carbonaceous solid in the furnace. As a result, there was a fear of causing local consumption of the electrode, and the sublimated gas was cooled and condensed, so-called bridge portions were formed, and there was a fear of causing blockage in the furnace. When clogging of carbonaceous solids occurred in the furnace, it became difficult to continue continuous operation, and productivity decreased.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention can continue the heat treatment of carbonaceous solids uniformly and over a long period of time without changes in the degree of filling of carbonaceous solids, confusion of fluidity, or clogging of the furnace due to these changes. An object of the present invention is to provide an improved carbonaceous solid heat treatment apparatus and method therefor.

The carbonaceous solid heat treatment apparatus of the present invention has the following configuration.

(1) It is a carbonaceous solid heat treatment apparatus which heat-processes the carbonaceous solid injected|thrown-in to the inside of a furnace body.

(2) It is provided above the furnace body, and the input part for injecting|throwing-in the said carbonaceous solid into the said furnace body is provided.

(3) The input unit has the following configuration.

(3-1) A distribution hopper for distributing the carbonaceous solid is provided.

(3-2) A plurality of feeders provided below the distribution hopper and having a function of removing fine powder from each of the distributed carbonaceous solids are provided.

(3-3) a plurality of raw material bottles installed below each of the feeders, the carbonaceous solids from which the fine powder is removed, descending inside, and the carbonaceous solids are introduced into the furnace body;

(4) The plurality of raw material bottles are arranged concentrically with the central axis of the furnace body at equal intervals.

The carbonaceous solid heat treatment apparatus of the present invention may further have the following configuration.

(1) Each raw material bottle has a cylindrical part and a cone part which is provided under the cylindrical part and narrows downward, and the cone angle of the said cone part is 30 degrees or less.

(2) The distribution hopper is installed at a position spaced apart from the central axis of the furnace body in the outer circumferential direction of the furnace body, and the plurality of feeders extend in a direction connecting the distribution hopper and the plurality of raw material bottles.

(3) further comprising a cooling unit for cooling the heat-treated carbonaceous solid, wherein the cooling unit includes a discharge unit for controlling the amount of the cooled carbonaceous solid.

(4) a cylindrical upper electrode and a cylindrical lower electrode disposed vertically on the central axis of the furnace body, and a conductive tubular structure electrically connected to the upper end of the lower electrode so as to surround the upper electrode And, the upper electrode and the lower electrode are heat-treated by directly energizing the carbonaceous solid inside the tubular structure.

(5) The feeder and the raw material bottle are opposed to each other through an insulator.

The carbonaceous solid heat treatment method of the present invention has the following configuration.

(1) This is a carbonaceous solid heat treatment method using a carbonaceous solid heat treatment device that heats the carbonaceous solid injected into the furnace body.

(2) distributes the carbonaceous solid.

(3) Remove the fine powder from each of the distributed carbonaceous solids.

(4) The carbonaceous solids from which distribution and fine powder are removed are introduced from a plurality of input positions installed at equal intervals concentrically with the central axis of the furnace body.

According to the present invention, the heat treatment of the carbonaceous solid can be continued uniformly and over a long period of time without any change in the degree of filling of the carbonaceous solid, flow disturbance, or blockage in the furnace due to these changes, thereby improving productivity.

1 is a side view showing a carbonaceous solid heat treatment apparatus according to a first embodiment;
Figure 2 is a plan view showing the input unit according to the first embodiment.
3 is a side view showing an input unit according to the first embodiment;
Fig. 4 is a side view showing a charging hopper and a skirt according to the first embodiment;
Fig. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation of the carbonaceous solid heat treatment apparatus according to the first embodiment;

[One. first embodiment]

[1-1. composition]

[Carbonaceous solid]

First, the carbonaceous solid (A) used in the carbonaceous solid heat treatment apparatus according to the first embodiment will be described. As the carbonaceous solid (A), it is possible to use a solid such as granules made of anthracite particles, coke particles, and mixtures thereof, or granules of a mixture of metal oxide and carbon. In addition, the anthracite and coke may include those not calcined, and examples of the coke include petroleum coke, coal coke, fluid coke, needle coke, and the like. Anthracite particles and coke particles are three-dimensional, for example, about 10 mm to 20 mm formed by pulverizing bulk anthracite or coke. The granules are formed by mixing a binder or water with a raw material such as anthracite or coke-derived carbon powder, artificial graphite powder, or metal oxide, for example, by a granulator such as a disk pelleter, and further drying treatment It is a solid that has been cured through The binder may be, for example, starch powder, in particular alpha cornstarch powder. As long as it can be cured or carbonized, pitch, phenolic resin, other synthetic high molecular compounds, water-soluble polysaccharides, etc. may be used as the binder. The carbonaceous solid (A) of this embodiment is an assembly having a cylindrical shape with a smooth surface, a diameter of about 10 mm, and a height of 10 mm to 15 mm. In this embodiment, the carbonaceous solid (A) is directly energized to generate Joule heat, and is heat-treated.

[Heat treatment unit]

Next, the carbonaceous solid heat treatment apparatus according to the first embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 is a side view showing the configuration of a heat treatment apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment. The heat treatment apparatus 1 is provided with the furnace body 21 which heat-processes the carbonaceous solid A. As the furnace body 21 of the present embodiment, a direct energization heating method in which heat treatment is performed by direct energization, an indirect heating method in which a heat source is provided on the outer periphery and the furnace core tube or heating vessel is heated from the outside for heat treatment, etc. can be used. Hereinafter, the furnace body 21 will be described as a vertical electric heat treatment furnace of a direct current heating method. The heat treatment apparatus 1 continuously heats the carbonaceous solid A by energizing the carbonaceous solid A injected from above the furnace body 21 while gradually descending the inside of the furnace 21 . The heat treatment apparatus 1 includes an input unit 10 for injecting the carbonaceous solid A into the furnace body 21 , a heat treatment unit 20 for heat-treating the injected carbonaceous solid A, and a heat-treated carbonaceous solid A A cooling unit 30 for cooling the solid A is provided. The input unit 10 , the heat treatment unit 20 , and the cooling unit 30 are sequentially installed from the upper side to the lower side of the furnace body 21 . In addition, the furnace body 21 constitutes a part of the heat treatment unit 20 . It is assumed that the carbonaceous solid A fills at least a part of the inside of the furnace body 21 and the inside of the input unit 10 and the cooling unit 30 . In addition, in this specification, upward shall indicate the direction against gravity, and downward shall indicate the direction along gravity.

[Input part]

The input unit 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4 . The input unit 10 is to put the carbonaceous solid (A) into the furnace body 21 from above, and according to the input route of the carbonaceous solid (A), a mount 11, a distribution hopper 12, a feeder ( 13), a raw material bottle 14, a charging hopper 15, and a skirt 16 are provided.

The stand 11 is installed on the upper portion of the input unit 10 and is a stand for placing the plecon bag lifted by a crane or the like. A carbonaceous solid (A) to be subjected to heat treatment is contained in this plecon bag, and the carbonaceous solid (A) is fed into the distribution hopper 12 from this plecon bag. The distribution hopper 12 is a container which distributes the injected carbonaceous solid A from the hole provided in the bottom surface. In the distribution hopper 12 of this embodiment, one hole is provided in each of the four corners of a substantially rectangular bottom surface, for example. Each of these four holes is provided with a cone portion 121 extending downward from the edge of the hole in a funnel shape. The lower ends of each cone part 121 are all open. The carbonaceous solid A injected into the distribution hopper 12 descends inside the cone part 121 from these four holes, and is discharged on the feeders 13 respectively installed just below the opening at the lower end of the cone part 121. .

The feeder 13 is a mechanism and path for sending the carbonaceous solid A from the dispensing hopper 12 to the raw material bottle 14 . The feeder 13 has a function of removing the fine powder contained in the carbonaceous solid A. In the present embodiment, a sieve having a hole size of 4 mm or more is provided on the path of the feeder 13, for example. The sieve is, for example, a metal mesh or punching metal. That is, the feeder 13 may remove the fine powder contained in the carbonaceous solid (A) in the process of sending the carbonaceous solid (A). In addition, the feeder 13 may be a vibration feeder provided with the vibration function by an electromagnetic vibration method etc., for example. When the feeder 13 is a vibrating feeder, since the carbonaceous solid A can be sent while vibrating on the feeder 13, the fine powder can be more effectively removed from the sieve installed on the path. Further, the feeder 13 and the raw material bottle 14 are opposed to each other through an insulator 13a made of, for example, a rubber tube, a rubber plate, a porcelain plate, or the like. When the heat treatment apparatus 1 is operated, the feeder 13 and the raw material bottle 14 are connected via this insulator 13a, and it is preferable to set it as the structure which prevents the penetration|invasion of dust etc. from the outside.

The raw material bottle 14 is a container containing the carbonaceous solid A. The material of the raw material bottle 14 is preferably a material excellent in durability and corrosion resistance. In particular, when the material of the raw material bottle 14 is steel, there is a fear that rust of the steel material may be mixed in the furnace. Therefore, the material of the raw material bottle 14 is suitable, for example, of heat-resistant stainless steel, especially SUS310S. The raw material bottle 14 is composed of a cylindrical portion 141 that receives the carbonaceous solid A from the feeder 13, and a cone portion 142 that is installed in the lower portion and narrows downward. Since the cylindrical part 141 and the cone part 142 are connected inside, and the lower part of the cone part 142 is open, the carbonaceous solid A sent from the feeder 13 moves inside the raw material bottle 14. can descend Inside the raw material bottle 14, a water meter or flow meter, not shown, or sensors having a similar function are installed, and the amount and flow rate of the carbonaceous solid A in the raw material bottle 14, and the feeder 13 By adjusting the amount sent from the feeder 13 by interlocking the operation and stop of the , the carbonaceous solid A in the raw material bottle 14 can be maintained at an arbitrary amount or flow rate. An opening/closing damper (not shown) for opening and closing the opening is installed in the lower part of the cone part 142, and when the type of the carbonaceous solid A is changed or when a trouble occurs, the lowering of the carbonaceous solid A is temporarily stopped here. can stop The cone angle of the cone portion 142 is, for example, 30° or less, and particularly preferably 15° or less.

Four of the raw material bottles 14 of this embodiment are provided corresponding to the number of distributions through which the distribution hopper 12 distributes the carbonaceous solid A, that is, four holes. The four raw material bottles 14 are arranged at equal intervals on a substantially concentric circle of the central axis of the furnace body 21 provided below. That is, the four raw material bottles 14 are provided at each 90 degree circumferential angle on the circumference centering on this central axis. In addition, the substantially concentric circular shape means that it is set as concentric circular shape as long as it is the dimensional error of each structure, and the error degree accompanying assembly.

2 and 3 , the dispensing hopper 12 of this embodiment is not disposed directly above the four raw material bottles 14 . In other words, the distribution hopper 12 is provided at a position spaced apart from the central axis of the furnace body 21 provided below it in the outer circumferential direction of the furnace body 21 . Accordingly, the plurality of feeders 13 are provided by extending in the direction connecting the distribution hopper 12 and the raw material bottle 14, in this embodiment, in a substantially horizontal direction. That is, the farther the dispensing hopper 12 is spaced from just above the four raw material bottles 14, the longer the path length of the feeder 13 is. In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, although the path lengths of each feeder 13 are different from each other, even the shortest one can sufficiently remove the fine powder. The length of the shortest feeder 13 is, for example, 70 cm.

As shown in Fig. 4, the charging hopper 15 provided below the raw material bottle 14 is a truncated cone-shaped container in which openings 151 and 152 are provided at the upper and lower ends, respectively, and the inner diameter is narrowed downward. . The skirt 16 provided at the lower part of the charging hopper 15 is a truncated cone-shaped or cylindrical container with openings 161 and 162 provided at the upper and lower ends, respectively, of which the inner diameter is narrowed downward. The opening 152 of the charging hopper 15 and the opening 161 of the skirt 16 are continuously provided. Further, both the charging hopper 15 and the skirt 16 are provided coaxially with the central axis of the furnace body 21 .

It is preferable that the charging hopper 15 and the skirt 16 are double-structured containers having thermal insulation properties. By setting it as the double structure with heat insulation property, the radiant heat and heat transfer from the heat processing part 20 can be relieve|moderated. The material of the charging hopper 15 and the skirt 16 is preferably a material excellent in durability and corrosion resistance. In particular, when the material of the charging hopper 15 and the skirt 16 is steel, there is a risk that rust of the steel material may be mixed in the furnace. Therefore, the material of the charging hopper 15 and the skirt 16 is suitable, for example, of heat-resistant stainless steel, especially SUS310S. In addition, although the internal space of the said double structure may be made into an air layer as a cavity as it is, air or a cooling gas may be blown in, and a heat insulating material may be additionally filled.

The charging hopper 15 and the skirt 16 temporarily store the carbonaceous solid A discharged from the raw material bottle 14 and put it into the heat treatment unit 20. As shown in FIG. 1, the charging hopper ( 15) and the inside of the skirt 16, an upper electrode 22, which will be described later, penetrates.

[Heat processing unit]

The heat treatment unit 20 is installed in the lower portion of the furnace body 21 , the upper electrode 22 , the combustion chamber 23 for temporarily storing the carbonaceous solid A input from the skirt 16 , and the combustion chamber 23 . and a tubular structure 24 for allowing the carbonaceous solid A to descend therein, and a lower electrode 25 provided under the tubular structure 24 to allow the carbonaceous solid A to descend therein. ) and the heat insulating layer 26 existing between the inner peripheral surface of the furnace body 21 and the outer peripheral surface of the tubular structure 24 and the lower electrode 25 . That is, the carbonaceous solid A in the heat treatment unit 20 descends in the order of the combustion chamber 23 , the tubular structure 24 , and the lower electrode 25 .

The furnace body 21 is a cylindrical furnace lined with a refractory material (not shown). The refractory material is, for example, a refractory brick. On the central axis of the furnace body 21, a columnar upper electrode 22 directly energizing the carbonaceous solid A is provided. The upper electrode 22 passes through the inside of the charging hopper 15 and the skirt 16 installed above the furnace body 21 , and further inside the combustion chamber 23 , and extends to the inside of the tubular structure 24 .

A combustion chamber 23 is provided inside the furnace body 21 so as to surround the upper electrode 22 . The combustion chamber 23 is a cylindrical space for temporarily storing the carbonaceous solid A input from the skirt 16 of the input unit 10 described above. The internal space of the combustion chamber 23 is formed by a furnace cover 211 formed by connecting the outer periphery of the skirt 16 and the upper inner periphery of the furnace 21 on its upper surface by the inner peripheral surface of the furnace body 21 on its side surface, The bottom surface is partitioned by the upper surface of the heat insulation layer 26 which exists on the outer peripheral surface of the tubular structure 24. The furnace cover 211 is made of, for example, a heat-resistant board, and may be made of casters or steel lined with a refractory material. The heat-resistant board can also use the molded object which consists of heat-resistant fibers, for example. As shown in FIG. 4 , the skirt 16 penetrates the upper surface of the combustion chamber 23 and protrudes into the combustion chamber 23 , and the opening 162 provided at the lower end of the skirt 16 is the bottom surface of the combustion chamber 23 . and are spaced apart in the vertical direction by a predetermined distance. This predetermined distance is, for example, 30-100 cm, Preferably it is 50-80 cm. By adjusting this predetermined distance and the diameter of the opening 162 of the skirt 16 , the carbonaceous solid A is deposited so as to continuously exist in a cone shape from the opening 162 to the bottom of the combustion chamber 23 .

The chimney 231 is installed in the combustion chamber 23 . In particular, it is preferable to provide a plurality of cylinders at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the combustion chamber 23 . Multiple installation at equal intervals in the circumferential direction means, for example, every 180° when two are provided, every 120° when three are provided, and every 90° when four are provided, centering on the central axis of the combustion chamber 23 . This means that a plurality of chimneys 231 are installed. In this embodiment, two chimneys 231 are provided every 180 degrees.

A conductive tubular structure 24 is provided in the lower portion of the combustion chamber 23 so as to surround at least a part of the upper electrode 22 . The tubular structure 24 is made of artificial graphite, for example. The tubular structure 24 is provided with openings 241 and 242 at the upper and lower ends, respectively, the combustion chamber 23 by the opening 241 and the lower part provided in the lower part of the tubular structure 24 by the opening 242 . It communicates with the inside of the electrode 25, respectively. The lower electrode 25 is a cylindrical electrode provided in the lower part of the tubular structure 24, facing the upper electrode 22 and spaced downward by a predetermined distance. The lower electrode 25 has openings 251 and 252 at upper and lower ends thereof, respectively. The opening 251 of the lower electrode 25 is electrically connected to the opening 242 of the tubular structure 24 by a support ring (not shown). Accordingly, when the upper electrode 22 and the lower electrode 25 are energized, a heating zone is formed from the opening 241 of the tubular structure 24 to the opening 251 of the lower electrode 25 . In other words, the carbonaceous solid A is heat-treated inside the tubular structure 24 when the upper electrode 22 and the lower electrode 25 are energized. In addition, the upper electrode 22 , the combustion chamber 23 , the tubular structure 24 , the openings 241 and 242 , the lower electrode 25 , and the openings 251 and 252 of the heat treatment unit 20 are all furnace bodies 21 . It is preferable to be installed coaxially with the central axis of

Between the outer peripheral surface of the tubular structure 24 and the lower electrode 25 and the inner peripheral surface of the furnace body 21, a heat insulating layer 26 made of, for example, carbon black is formed. The heat insulating layer 26 blocks heat generated around the tubular structure 24 and the lower electrode 25 from the outside.

[Cooling part]

The cooling unit 30 is provided with a cylindrical water cooling jacket 31 , a discharge unit 32 , and a valve 33 . A pipe (not shown) through which cooling water flows is installed in the water cooling jacket 31 and the discharge unit 32 . The carbonaceous solid A discharged from the heat treatment unit 20 is cooled by passing through the inside of the water cooling jacket 31 . Further, in the vicinity of the upper end of the water cooling jacket 31 , a gas injection hole 311 for blowing an inert gas such as argon gas or nitrogen gas into the lower electrode 25 and the tubular structure 24 is provided. It is preferable that a plurality of gas injection holes 311 are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the water cooling jacket 31 . Multiple installation at equal intervals in the circumferential direction means, for example, every 180 degrees when two are provided, every 120 degrees when three are provided, and every 90 degrees when four are provided, centering on the central axis of the water cooling jacket 31 This means that a plurality of gas injection holes 311 are provided. Four gas injection holes 311 of this embodiment are provided, for example, every 90 degrees.

The discharge unit 32 sends the carbonaceous solid A cooled in the water cooling jacket 31 to the valve 33 having excellent airtightness. The discharge unit 32 is, for example, a swing blade type fixed-quantity discharge device that adjusts the flow rate and discharge amount per unit time of the carbonaceous solid A in the heat treatment unit 20 and the water cooling jacket 31 . In addition, this swing vane type fixed-quantity discharge device receives weight information of the carbonaceous solid A discharged from the valve 33, which will be described later, from a weight meter (not shown) (load cell) installed at the discharge destination of the valve 33 . Upon receipt, the rotation speed of the swing blade may be adjusted according to the change in the weight information, and the amount of carbonaceous solid A may be adjusted accordingly. This adjustment can be done by setting an arbitrary weighing time, for example every 1 minute. In addition, the discharge part 32 has a closed structure having no opening other than the discharge port for discharging the carbonaceous solid A through the valve 33 , and a pressure measuring sensor 321 is provided. The internal pressure of the heat treatment unit 20 and the water cooling jacket 31 can be measured by the pressure measuring sensor 321 . When the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the furnace body 21 is -25 to, the possibility that air is sucked into the furnace from the outside of the furnace body 21 is reduced.

The valve 33 discharges the carbonaceous solid A discharged from the discharge unit 32 from the heat treatment apparatus 1 . In other words, the cooling unit 30 has a dual discharge structure composed of the discharge unit 32 and the valve 33 . In addition, the path space of the carbonaceous solid A from the discharge part 32 to the valve 33 is sealed.

The valve 33 has a closed space therein, and can serve as a so-called airlock. The term "sealing" as used herein refers to airtightness to the extent that pressure can be separated from the outside by the valve 33, and includes a case where it is not completely sealed. The valve 33 is, for example, a rotary valve. In this way, by arranging the valve 33 having excellent airtightness after the discharge unit 32 , the airtightness inside the heat treatment unit 20 and the cooling unit 30 is improved.

[1-2. Action]

The operation of the heat treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to the flowchart in FIG. 5 . First, the plecon bag containing the carbonaceous solid A is lifted by a crane or the like, and placed on the mount 11 provided on the upper portion of the input unit 10 (step S01). The carbonaceous solid A that has entered the plecon bag is put into the distribution hopper 12 . The injected carbonaceous solid A descends downward from the four holes and four cone portions 121 provided at the four corners of the distribution hopper 12, and feeders installed directly below the outlets of these four cone portions 121, respectively. (13) is discharged. The carbonaceous solids A on each feeder 13 are sent to the corresponding raw material bottle 14 . At this time, in the process of the feeder 13 sending the carbonaceous solid (A), the fine powder contained in the carbonaceous solid (A) is classified through a sieve installed on the path of the feeder 13, and the path (not shown) city) is removed from Although this fine powder is generated in the process of transporting the carbonaceous solid (A), it is preferable to remove it as much as possible from the carbonaceous solid (A) subjected to heat treatment. When this fine powder enters the heat treatment unit 20 in the state that it enters the gap of the carbonaceous solid A, the degree of filling or fluidity inside the furnace body 21 is locally changed to make the electrical resistivity non-uniform. This is because there is a risk of causing blockage in the furnace or drift during energization, as described in the above problem.

The carbonaceous solid (A) from which the fine powder is removed descends inside the raw material bottle (14). In this way, in the distribution hopper 12, the feeder 13, and the raw material bottle 14, the carbonaceous solid A is distributed to four and descend|falls (step S02).

The carbonaceous solid A discharged from the four raw material bottles 14 descends the charging hopper 15 and the inside of the skirt 16, and thus the combustion chamber of the heat treatment unit 20 from the opening 162 of the skirt 16. (23) is input. More specifically, since an upper electrode 22, which will be described later, passes through the inside of the charging hopper 15 and the skirt 16, the carbonaceous solid A is formed on the inner peripheral surfaces of the charging hopper 15 and the skirt 16. It descends through between the and the outer peripheral surface of the upper electrode 22, and is introduced into the combustion chamber 23 (step S03).

Since the opening 162 of the skirt 16 and the bottom surface of the combustion chamber 23 are vertically spaced apart by a predetermined distance, the carbonaceous solid A injected from the opening 162 of the skirt 16 is the upper electrode ( 22) is installed as a center and is deposited in a pendulum shape, for example, forming an angle of repose inside the combustion chamber 23, and a part thereof descends into the tubular structure 24. More specifically, since the upper electrode 22 penetrates through the inside of the tubular structure 24 , the carbonaceous solid A descends through between the outer circumferential surface of the upper electrode 22 and the inner circumferential surface of the tubular structure 24 . do (step S04).

By the way, since the inside of the combustion chamber 23 and the upper part of the inside of the furnace body 21 become relatively high temperature, combustible gas is generated from the binder contained in the carbonaceous solid A. Moreover, the carbon powder which is a raw material of carbonaceous solid (A) may contain a volatile substance, and this volatile substance volatilizes and turns into a combustible gas. These combustible gases burn inside the combustion chamber 23 at a high temperature. When this combustion gas is exhausted through the chimney 231 provided in the combustion chamber 23, the draft effect arises inside the combustion chamber 23 and the furnace body 21, and an upward airflow generate|occur|produces. By this updraft, the combustible gas is attracted to the cone surface of the carbonaceous solid A and burns on the cone surface. In addition, an inert gas such as argon gas or nitrogen gas is injected into the carbonaceous solid A inside the furnace body 21 from a gas injection hole 311 below. Accordingly, the combustion of the combustible gas stops on the surface of the cone formed by the carbonaceous solid A inside the combustion chamber 23 and does not proceed to the inside of the carbonaceous solid A. In other words, in the carbonaceous solid (A), only the surface of the cone is oxidized, and the inside of the cone is not oxidized. As described above, since the carbonaceous solid A is oxidized only on the surface of the cone, oxidation of the carbonaceous solid A passing through the inside of the cone and descending from the skirt 16 to the inside of the tubular structure 24 can be prevented.

In this embodiment, two chimneys 231 are provided every 180 degrees. By arranging at equal intervals in this way, there is no bias in the generation of draft inside the combustion chamber 23, and the combustible gas generated from the carbonaceous solid A is also biased in the path rising inside the carbonaceous solid A. Since this disappears, the temperature of the carbonaceous solid A inside the furnace body 21 is also equalized.

By energizing the upper electrode 22 and the lower electrode 25, the carbonaceous solid A descending inside the tubular structure 24 is directly energized and heat-treated by Joule heat generated in the carbonaceous solid A. (Step S05). By this heat treatment, the carbonaceous solid (A) is graphitized. The heat-treated carbonaceous solid A descends inside the lower electrode 25 , is discharged from the opening 252 to the cooling unit 30 , is cooled by the water cooling jacket 31 of the cooling unit 30 , and is discharged It is discharged from the heat treatment apparatus 1 by the part 32 and the valve 33 (step S06).

[1-3. effect]

(1) The heat treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment includes a feeder 13 having a function of removing the fine powder contained in the carbonaceous solid A, so that the carbonaceous material to be transported and transported is the heat treatment target. Fine powder can be removed from the solid (A). In addition, since the heat treatment apparatus 1 of this embodiment further includes a plurality of raw material bottles 14 arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction with the distribution hopper 12, the charging hopper 15 and the skirt 16 The flow rate per unit time of the carbonaceous solid A descending between the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the upper electrode 22 can be prevented from segregating by the descending position. Thereby, since the filling degree of carbonaceous solids and the flow rate per unit time can be uniformed in the furnace, it is possible to reduce the risk of non-uniformity of heat transfer or the formation of a stop layer of carbonaceous solids to cause clogging in the furnace.

(2) The cone angle of the raw material bottle 14 of the heat treatment apparatus 1 of this embodiment is 30 degrees or less. By setting the cone angle to 30° or less, the lateral pressure (pressure in the horizontal direction) of the material (carbonaceous solid A) in the vicinity of the wall is reduced, and the flow of the material in the vicinity of the wall is ensured, whereby a mass flow can be achieved. Thereby, the particle size separation of the carbonaceous solid A does not occur in the raw material bottle 14, and the material discharged from the opening at the bottom of the cone part 142 of the raw material bottle 14 is equalized by eliminating bias (deviation). . In addition, since the carbonaceous solid A supplied at the same time from the distribution hopper 12 is uniformly fed into the furnace without a time difference, the quality uniformity of the inputted material in the furnace is maintained, as a result, the injected carbonaceous solid ( A) classification and lot identification are made possible, and the convenience in management and operation, including traceability, is also improved.

(3) The distribution hopper 12 of this embodiment is installed at a position spaced apart from the central axis of the furnace body 21 in the outer circumferential direction of the furnace body 21, and with this, a plurality of feeders 13 are provided with a distribution hopper ( 12) and the plurality of raw material bottles 14 are elongated in the connecting direction. Accordingly, since the path length of the feeder 13 can be secured, it is possible to sufficiently remove the fine powder by vibration.

(4) Since the heat treatment apparatus 1 of this embodiment is provided with the discharge part 32, the discharge amount per unit time of the carbonaceous solid A can be adjusted. Accordingly, since the carbonaceous solid A can gradually descend without freely falling inside the heat treatment unit 20 and the water cooling jacket 31, the load applied to the carbonaceous solid A is relieved, and the fine powder occurrence can be prevented.

(5) The heat treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment performs heat treatment by directly energizing the carbonaceous solid A inside the tubular structure 24 through the upper electrode 22 and the lower electrode 25 . In the case of such a vertical electric heat treatment furnace of the direct energization heating method, the less segregation in the density of the carbonaceous solid (A), the less the drift during energization, the carbonaceous solid (A) inside the tubular structure (24) ) heat treatment temperature can be made uniform. Moreover, since the possibility that a local high temperature part by drift causes sublimation of carbon can also be reduced, the possibility of causing blockage inside even if the heat processing apparatus 1 is continuously operated over a long period of time can be reduced.

(6) In the conventional heat treatment apparatus, since carbonaceous solids continuously exist from the input portion to the heat treatment unit, there is a problem in that when the carbonaceous solids are energized in the heat treatment unit, an electric current flows also in the raw material bottle. However, in the heat treatment apparatus 1 of this embodiment, since the feeder 13 and the raw material bottle 14 are insulated and also insulated from the containment building, the feeder 13 and the structure provided above it are electrically insulated. Thereby, the concern of an electric leakage is eliminated, and, therefore, the failure risk of ancillary equipment accompanying electric leakage and the electric shock risk of the operator who inject|throws-in the carbonaceous solid A can be reduced. Moreover, unnecessary power consumption can also be suppressed by eliminating an electric leakage.

[2. another embodiment]

In this specification, a plurality of embodiments according to the present invention have been described, but these embodiments are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The above embodiments can be implemented in other various forms, and various omissions, substitutions, and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. These Examples and their modifications are included in the scope of the invention and its equivalents as well as those included in the scope and gist of the invention.

(1) In the above-described embodiment, the mount 11 for placing the plecon bag was used, but if the carbonaceous solid A is put into the distribution hopper 12 by means other than the plecon bag, the mount (11) does not need to be provided. For example, when conveying to the distribution hopper 12 by conveying apparatus, such as a bucket elevator, a belt conveyor, a screw conveyor, a combination thereof, or air conveyance, it is not necessary to provide the mount 11.

(2) In the above-described embodiment, the distribution hopper 12 is provided at a position spaced apart from the central axis of the furnace body 21 provided below it in the outer circumferential direction of the furnace body 21. ), that is, it may be installed on the central axis of a concentric circle in which the four raw material bottles 14 are arranged. In this case, since all the path lengths of the feeder 13 can be made the same, the removal of the fine powder can be made equally.

(3) In the above embodiment, the vibration function of the feeder 13 is made by an electromagnetic vibration method, but a vibration motor (eccentric motor) method may be used. In addition, even if the feeder 13 for sending the carbonaceous solid A is not provided, the distribution hopper 12 and the raw material bottle 14 are directly connected, and the connecting portion is connected to the sieve, for example, through a path (not shown). It is also possible to remove the fine powder from the carbonaceous solid (A) to be heat treated by providing.

(4) In the above-described embodiment, four raw material bottles 14 are arranged at equal intervals on a substantially concentric circle of the central axis of the furnace body 21, and the number of raw material bottles 14 is two, three, or five. Also in the case of making it above, it is preferable to arrange|position at equal intervals on the substantially concentric circle of the central axis of the furnace body 21. As shown in FIG. For example, if two are provided, it is good to arrange every 180 degrees, if three pieces are provided, every 120 degrees, if five pieces are provided, it is good to arrange|position every 72 degrees. It goes without saying that the number of distributions of the distribution hopper 12 and the number of feeders 13 are matched to the number of raw material bottles 14 .

(5) In the above embodiment, the furnace body 21 is a vertical electric heat treatment furnace of a direct energization heating method. For example, indirect heating in which a heat source is provided on the outer periphery and the furnace core tube or heating vessel is heated from the outside for heat treatment It may be a vertical heat treatment furnace.

(6) In the above embodiment, the gas injection hole 311 is provided in the upper part of the water cooling jacket 31, but the gas injection hole may be further penetrated in the upper electrode 22 in the vertical direction to provide a gas injection hole. Similar to the gas injection hole 311, by blowing an inert gas such as argon gas or nitrogen gas into the tubular structure 24 and the lower electrode 25 from this gas injection hole, the inside of the carbonaceous solid A is It is filled with an inert gas, and it is possible to prevent the carbonaceous solid A from being oxidized from the inside by reacting with the air flowing in from the outside of the furnace body 21 .

(7) In the above embodiment, the discharge unit 32 is a swinging blade type fixed-quantity discharge device, but any device may be used as long as the discharge unit can be adjusted and the discharge unit can discharge a fixed amount at a set amount. For example, a rotary disk system, arbitrary material cutting devices, etc. can also be used. In addition, in the above-described embodiment, a load cell is installed at the discharge destination of the valve 33 and the discharge unit 32 is adjusted based on the information. may be provided.

(8) In the above-described embodiment, the valve 33 is a rotary valve, but any one may be used as long as it functions as an airlock by combining it with the discharge unit 32 . In addition to the rotary valve, for example, a double damper or a triple damper is suitable. In addition, the discharge part 32 and the valve 33 should just be a thing which can ensure a certain airtightness, and does not need to guarantee complete airtightness.

1: heat treatment device 10: input section
11: pedestal 12: dispensing hopper
121: cornbu 13: feeder
13a: insulator 14: raw material bottle
141: cylindrical portion 142: cone portion
15: charging hopper 151, 152: opening
16: skirt 161, 162: opening
20: heat treatment unit 21: furnace body
211: furnace cover 22: upper electrode
23: combustion chamber 231: chimney
24: tubular structure 241, 242: opening
25: lower electrode 251, 252: opening
26: insulation layer 30: cooling unit
31: water cooling jacket 311: gas blowing hole
32: discharge part 321: pressure measuring sensor
33: valve

Claims (7)

A carbonaceous solid heat treatment apparatus for performing heat treatment on the carbonaceous solid injected into the furnace body,
It is installed above the furnace body and includes an input unit for inputting the carbonaceous solid into the furnace body,
The input unit,
a distribution hopper for dispensing the carbonaceous solid;
a plurality of feeders installed below the distribution hopper and having a function of removing fine powder from each of the distributed carbonaceous solids; and
A plurality of raw material bottles installed below each of the feeders, the carbonaceous solid from which the fine powder has been removed, is lowered inside, and the carbonaceous solid is introduced into the furnace body;
The plurality of raw material bottles are arranged at equal intervals concentrically with the central axis of the furnace body, the carbonaceous solid heat treatment apparatus. The method of claim 1,
Each of the above raw material bottles,
a cylindrical portion having a cylindrical shape, and
It is installed in the lower part of the cylindrical part, and has a cone part that narrows downward,
The cone angle of the cone part is 30° or less, a carbonaceous solid heat treatment apparatus. 3. The method of claim 1 or 2,
The distribution hopper is installed at a position spaced apart from the central axis of the furnace body in the outer circumferential direction of the furnace body,
The plurality of feeders extend in a direction connecting the distribution hopper and the plurality of raw material bottles. 4. The method of any one of claims 1 or 3,
Further comprising a cooling unit for cooling the heat-treated carbonaceous solid,
The cooling unit is provided with a discharge unit for adjusting the amount of the cooled carbonaceous solid, the carbonaceous solid heat treatment apparatus. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A cylindrical upper electrode and a cylindrical lower electrode disposed vertically on the central axis of the furnace body, and
Further comprising a conductive tubular structure electrically connected to the upper end of the lower electrode so as to surround the upper electrode,
A carbonaceous solid heat treatment apparatus, wherein the upper electrode and the lower electrode conduct heat treatment by directly energizing the carbonaceous solid inside the tubular structure. 6. The method of claim 5,
The feeder and the raw material bottle are opposed to each other through an insulator, a carbonaceous solid heat treatment apparatus. As a heat treatment method for carbonaceous solids using a carbonaceous solid heat treatment apparatus that heat-treats carbonaceous solids put into a furnace,
distributing the carbonaceous solid,
removing the fine powder from each of the distributed carbonaceous solids,
A method for heat treatment of carbonaceous solids, in which the carbonaceous solids from which distribution and fine powder are removed are introduced from a plurality of input positions installed at equal intervals concentrically with the central axis of the furnace body.

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