KR20220121028A - 철 이온을 처리하는 단계를 포함하는 약물 대사능이 증진된 간 오가노이드의 제조 방법 및 상기 방법으로 제조된 간 오가노이드 - Google Patents
철 이온을 처리하는 단계를 포함하는 약물 대사능이 증진된 간 오가노이드의 제조 방법 및 상기 방법으로 제조된 간 오가노이드 Download PDFInfo
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- KR20220121028A KR20220121028A KR1020210024919A KR20210024919A KR20220121028A KR 20220121028 A KR20220121028 A KR 20220121028A KR 1020210024919 A KR1020210024919 A KR 1020210024919A KR 20210024919 A KR20210024919 A KR 20210024919A KR 20220121028 A KR20220121028 A KR 20220121028A
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- liver
- organoids
- endoderm
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- organoid
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Abstract
Description
도 2는 물방울(Droplet) 모양의 간 내배엽 오가노이드(D-HEO)를 나타낸 도이다.
도 3은 현탁(Suspension) 상태의 간 내배엽 오가노이드(S-HEO)를 나타낸 도이다.
도 4는 간 내배엽 세포(hepatic endoderm, HE) 및 간 내배엽 세포로부터 분화시킨 물방울 모양의 간 내배엽 오가노이드(D-HEO)를 나타낸 도이다.
도 5는 간 내배엽 세포(HE) 및 물방울 모양의 간 내배엽 오가노이드(D-HEO)에서 간 전구세포(hepatic progenitor cell)/줄기세포(stem cell)의 마커인 EpCAM 및 R-spondin 1에 결합하는 Wnt의 표적 단백질인 LGR5을 발현하는 세포의 수를 유세포 분석으로 나타내고, 표적 유전자 AXIN2 및 EPHB2의 발현을 RT-qPCR로 측정한 것으로, 간 내배엽 세포에 비해 간 내배엽 오가노이드에서 Wnt 신호 전달 과정이 필요하지 않음을 나타낸 도이다.
도 6은 물방울 모양으로 간 내배엽 오가노이드를 분화시킨 경우 R-Spondin 1, Noggin 및 EGF(RNE)를 제외한 간 내배엽 오가노이드 생산 배지에서 제조된 오가노이드의 수는 RNE가 포함된 간 내배엽 오가노이드 생산 배지에서 제조된 오가노이드와 유사함을 나타낸 도이다.
도 7은 현탁 상태로 간 내배엽 오가노이드를 분화시킨 경우 R-Spondin 1, Noggin 및 EGF(RNE)를 제외한 간 내배엽 오가노이드 생산 배지에서 제조된 오가노이드의 수는 RNE가 포함된 간 내배엽 오가노이드 생산 배지에서 제조된 오가노이드에 비해 오가노이드 수가 현저하게 증가함을 나타낸 도이다.
도 8은 현탁 상태로 제조한 간 내배엽 오가노이드(S-HEO)의 형성 속도는 RNE가 있는 배지에서 배양한 경우에 비해 RNE가 없는 배지에서 배양한 경우의 3.5배 이상임을 나타낸 도이다.
도 9는 D(+)-HEO, D(-)-HEO, S(+)-HEO 및 S(-)-HEO의 네 가지 조건에서 배양한 간 내배엽 오가노이드의 구조를 bright-field 현미경 이미지 및 헤마톡실린&에오신(Hematoxlin&Eosin,H&E) 염색으로 확인한 도이다.
도 10은 D(+)-HEO, D(-)-HEO, S(+)-HEO 및 S(-)-HEO의 네 가지 조건에서 배양한 간 내배엽 오가노이드에서 간 전구 세포 마커인 SOX9, CK19 및 EpCAM이 발현하고 있는 것을 확인한 도이다.
도 11은 D(+)-HEO, D(-)-HEO, S(+)-HEO 및 S(-)-HEO의 네 가지 조건에서 배양한 간 내배엽 오가노이드에서 차등적으로 발현하는 유전자를 나타낸 도이다.
도 12는 간 내배엽 오가노이드로부터 간 오가노이드를 분화시키는 과정을 나타낸 개략도이다.
도 13은 간 오가노이드로의 분화 동안 EGF가 없는 배양 배지 조건에서 간 오가노이드를 분화시켰을 때, 주요 간 유전자의 발현이 증가함을 나타낸 도이다.
도 14는 D(+)-HO, D(-)-HO, S(+)-HO 및 S(-)-HO의 네 가지 조건에서 배양한 간 오가노이드의 구조를 bright-field 현미경 이미지 및 헤마톡실린&에오신(Hematoxlin&Eosin,H&E) 염색으로 확인한 도이다.
도 15는 D(+)-HO, D(-)-HO, S(+)-HO 및 S(-)-HO의 네 가지 조건에서 배양한 간 오가노이드에서 간 마커인 ALB, AAT, CYP3A4이 발현하고 있는 것을 확인한 도이다.
도 16은 D(+)-HO, D(-)-HO, S(+)-HO 및 S(-)-HO의 네 가지 조건에서 배양한 간 오가노이드에서 간 마커인 ALB, AAT, TDO2, HNF4A, G6P, CYP3A4의 발현 수준을 확인한 것으로, D(-)-HO 및 S(-)-HO에서 간 마커의 발현이 높음을 확인한 도이다.
도 17은 D(+)-HO, D(-)-HO, S(+)-HO 및 S(-)-HO의 네 가지 조건에서 배양한 간 오가노이드에서 ALB(알부민)을 발현하는 세포 수를 계수한 결과를 나타낸 도이다.
도 18은 D(-)-HO 및 S(-)-HO에서 D(+)-HO 및 S(+)-HO보다 ALB(알부민), AAT(Alpha 1-antitrypsin), 및 ApoA1(Apolipoprotein A1) 단백질의 발현이 증가함을 확인한 도이다.
도 19는 D(-)-HO 및 S(-)-HO 조건에서 배양한 간 오가노이드가 미세 융모 구조(MV)와 밀착 연접 구조(TJ)를 나타냄을 확인한 도이다.
도 20은 D(-)-HO, S(-)-HO, 초대 배양 인간 간세포(PHH), 간암 세포주(HepG2) 및 2D 간세포 유사 세포(2D HLC) 사이에서 약물 수송체 관련 유전자의 전사 발현 분석 결과, 2D HLC와 비교하여 D(-)-HO 및 S(-)-HO 모두 MRP2, BSEP, MDR1 및 BCRP와 같은 정단부 약물 수송체(apical transporter) 유전자의 발현이 높음을 확인한 도이다.
도 21은 D(-)-HO 및 S(-)-HO의 정단층 막에서 정단부 약물 수송체(apical drug transporter) 관련 유전자인 MRP2(CDFDA로 염색)의 발현의 확인과, MRP2 억제제인 프로베네시드를 처리한 결과 각 약물 수송체 특이적 형광은 간 오가노이드 내강에 축적됨을 확인한 도이다.
도 22는 D(-)-HO 및 S(-)-HO의 정단층 막에서 정단부 약물 수송체(apical drug transporter) 관련 유전자인 MDR1(로다민 123으로 염색)의 발현의 확인과, MDR1 억제제인 케토코나졸을 처리한 결과 각 약물 수송체 특이적 형광은 간 오가노이드 내강에 축적됨을 확인한 도이다.
도 23은 D(-)-HO 및 S(-)-HO의 정단층 막에서 정단부 약물 수송체(apical drug transporter) 관련 유전자인 BSEP(CLF로 염색)의 발현의 확인과, BSEP 억제제인 케토코나졸을 처리한 결과 각 약물 수송체 특이적 형광은 간 오가노이드 내강에 축적됨을 확인한 도이다.
도 24는 간 오가노이드에서 19개의 서로 다른 세포 클러스터가 존재하는 것을 확인한 도이다.
도 25는 간 오가노이드가 3개의 세포 그룹으로 구성되어 있으며, 첫 번째 그룹은 담도 유사 세포(biliary-like cell)가 포함되어 있고, 두 번째 그룹은 담낭 유사 세포(gallbladder-like cell)가 포함되어 있으며, 세 번째 그룹에는 간 세포 유사 세포(hepatocyte-like cell)가 포함되어 있음을 확인한 도이다.
도 26은 각 그룹의 대표적인 마커(간세포 계통의 경우 ALB, ASGR1 및 SERPINA1, 담즙 계통의 경우 KRT19, EPCAM 및 ITGB4, 담낭 계통의 경우 REG4, TFF3 및 FCGBP)가 발현되는 것을 확인한 도이다.
도 27은 각 그룹의 특정 마커는 각 클러스터에서 독점적으로 발현됨을 확인한 도이다.
도 28은 D(-)-HO 및 S(-)-HO에서 4개의 CYP450 유전자는 D(+)-HO 및 S(+)-HO보다 높은 발현 수준을 나타냄을 확인한 것으로, D(-)-HO 및 S(-)-HO 조건에서 배양된 간 오가노이드가 약물 대사 능력이 증진된 것을 나타낸 도이다.
도 29는 주요 CYP450의 활성도를 D(-)-HO, S(-)-HO, 초대 배양 인간 간세포(PHH), 간암 세포주(HepG2) 및 2D 간세포 유사 세포(2D HLC)에서 나타낸 도이다.
도 30은 간 내배엽 오가노이드를 20μM 구연산 철(FC)을 포함하는 간 오가노이드 분화 배지를 사용하여 간 오가노이드로 분화시킨 과정의 개략도이다.
도 31은 20μM 구연산 철(FC)을 포함하는 간 오가노이드 분화 배지를 사용하여 간 오가노이드로 분화시킨 경우 세포 독성이 없음을 나타낸 도이다.
도 32는 20μM 구연산 철(FC)을 포함하는 간 오가노이드 분화 배지를 사용하여 간 오가노이드로 분화시킨 경우 세포가 살아있음을 나타낸 도이다.
도 33은 24시간 동안 CYP450 효소의 활성을 측정한 것으로, 구연산 철을 포함하는 간 오가노이드 분화 배지를 사용하여 현탁 상태의 간 오가노이드로 분화시킨 경우 약물 대사 효소인 CYP450의 활성이 증가한 결과를 나타낸 도이다.
도 34는 7일 동안 CYP450 효소의 활성을 측정한 것으로, 구연산 철을 포함하는 간 오가노이드 분화 배지를 사용하여 현탁 상태의 간 오가노이드로 분화시킨 경우 약물 대사 효소인 CYP450의 활성이 유지되는 결과를 나타낸 도이다.
도 35는 대부분의 약물에서 D-HO FC는 다른 세포 모델보다 낮은 농도에서 세포 독성을 갖는 것을 나타낸 도이다.
도 36은 구연산 철을 포함하는 간 오가노이드 분화 배지를 사용하여 분화시킨 간 오가노이드는 아미트립틸린(CYP2D6 및 CYP2C19), 클로르프로마진(CYP2D6) 및 디클로페낙(CYP2C9 및 UGT2B7)을 포함한 약물의 대사 능력을 가짐을 나타낸 도이다.
도 37은 간에서의 아세트아미노펜의 대사 경로를 나타낸 도이다.
도 38은 간 오가노이드, 초대 배양 인간 간세포(PHH), 간암 세포주(HepG2) 및 2D 간 세포 유사 세포(hepatocyte like cell)에서 간에서의 아세트아미노펜의 CYP450 매개 되지 않은 대사 산물인 APAP-글루쿠로나이드(APAP-Glu) 및 APAP-설페이트(APAP-Sul)의 농도를 나타낸 도이다.
도 39는 간 오가노이드, 초대 배양 인간 간세포(PHH), 간암 세포주(HepG2) 및 2D 간 세포 유사 세포(hepatocyte like cell)에서 간에서의 아세트아미노펜의 CYP450 매개 대사 산물인 APAP-글루타치온(APAP-GSH) 및 APAP-시스테인(APAP-Cys)의 농도를 나타낸 도이다.
도 40은 간에서의 피마사르탄의 대사 경로를 나타낸 도이다.
도 41은 간 오가노이드, 초대 배양 인간 간세포(PHH), 간암 세포주(HepG2) 및 2D 간 세포 유사 세포(hepatocyte like cell)에서 간에서의 피마사르탄의 CYP3A4 매개 대사 산물인 FMS S-옥사이드, BR-A-557 및 BR-A-535의 농도를 나타낸 도이다.
도 42는 간 오가노이드, 초대 배양 인간 간세포(PHH), 간암 세포주(HepG2) 및 2D 간 세포 유사 세포(hepatocyte like cell)에서 간에서의 피마사르탄의 CYP2C9 매개 대사 산물인 1-OH 부틸 FMS, 2- 또는 3-OH 부틸 FMS 및 4-OH 부틸 FMS의 농도를 나타낸 도이다.
도 43은 사이클로포스파마이드(CP)가 간에서 대사되어 심장 독성을 미치는 대사 경로를 나타낸 도이다.
도 44는 24시간 및 72시간 동안 250 및 500μM의 농도로 사이클로포스파마이드를 처리한 후, 간 오가노이드를 포함하거나 포함하지 않은 hiPCS-CM의 박동률을 나타낸 도이다.
도 45는 24시간 및 72시간 동안 250 및 500μM의 농도로 사이클로포스파마이드를 처리한 후, 간 오가노이드를 포함하거나 포함하지 않은 hiPCS-CM의 정규화된 필드 전위 지속 시간을 나타낸 도이다.
도 46은 테르비나핀(Terfenadine, TER)이 심장 독성을 미치는 대사 경로를 나타낸 도이다.
도 47은 24시간 및 72시간 동안 1 및 10μM의 농도로 테르비나핀을 처리한 후, 간 오가노이드를 포함하거나 포함하지 않은 hiPCS-CM의 박동률을 나타낸 도이다.
도 48은 24시간 및 72시간 동안 1 및 10μM의 농도로 테르비나핀을 처리한 후, 간 오가노이드를 포함하거나 포함하지 않은 hiPCS-CM의 정규화된 필드 전위 지속 시간을 나타낸 도이다.
내배엽 분화배지 1(DE medium 1)의 조성(12㎖) |
0.1% BSA 및 1% B27 supplement를 함유한 RPMI-1640 |
50ng/㎖ Activin A(ActA) |
0.5mM sodium butyrate |
3μM CHIR99021 |
내배엽 분화배지 2(DE medium 2)의 조성 |
0.1% BSA 및 1% B27 supplement를 함유한 RPMI-1640 |
50ng/㎖ Activin A(ActA) |
0.1M sodium butyrate |
간 내배엽 분화배지(HE medium)의 조성(12㎖) |
0.1% BSA 및 1% B27 supplement를 함유한 RPMI-1640 |
50ng/㎖ BMP4 |
10μM SB431542 |
D- HEO 용 간 내배엽 오가노이드 생산 배지(GE medium)의 조성 |
10 mM HEPES, 1% GlutaMAX, 100 U/㎖ 페니실린-스트렙토마이신, 0.1% BSA, 1% B27 supplement minus vitamin A, 1% N2 supplement를 함유한 Advanced DMEM/F12 |
50ng/㎖ FGF 10(fibroblast growth factor 10) |
25ng/㎖ HGF(hepatocyte growth factor) |
10 mM Nicotinamide |
10 nM [Leu15]-Gastrin I human |
1.25 mM N-acetyl-L-cysteine |
5 μM A83-01 |
10 μM Forskolin |
3 μM CHIR99021 |
S- HEO 용간 내배엽 오가노이드 생산 배지(GE medium)의 조성 |
10 mM HEPES, 1% GlutaMAX, 100 U/㎖ 페니실린-스트렙토마이신, 0.1% BSA, 1% B27 supplement minus vitamin A, 1% N2 supplement를 함유한 Advanced DMEM/F12 |
50ng/㎖ FGF 10(fibroblast growth factor 10) |
25ng/㎖ HGF(hepatocyte growth factor) |
10 mM Nicotinamide |
10 nM [Leu15]-Gastrin I human |
1.25 mM N-acetyl-L-cysteine |
5 μM A83-01 |
10 μM Forskolin |
3 μM CHIR99021 |
*0.5 mg/㎖ Matrigel GFR (growth factor reduced) |
D- HEO 용 간 내배엽 오가노이드 유지 배지( EM )의 조성 |
10 mM HEPES, 1% GlutaMAX, 100 U/㎖ 페니실린-스트렙토마이신, 0.1% BSA, 1% B27 supplement minus vitamin A, 1% N2 supplement를 함유한 Advanced DMEM/F12 |
25ng/㎖ BMP7 |
50ng/㎖ FGF 10(fibroblast growth factor 10) |
25ng/㎖ HGF(hepatocyte growth factor) |
10 mM Nicotinamide |
10 nM [Leu15]-Gastrin I human |
1.25 mM N-acetyl-L-cysteine |
5 μM A83-01 |
10 μM Forskolin |
3 μM CHIR99021 |
S- HEO 용 간 내배엽 오가노이드 유지 배지( EM )의 조성 |
10 mM HEPES, 1% GlutaMAX, 100 U/㎖ 페니실린-스트렙토마이신, 0.1% BSA, 1% B27 supplement minus vitamin A, 1% N2 supplement를 함유한 Advanced DMEM/F12 |
25ng/㎖ BMP7 |
50ng/㎖ FGF 10(fibroblast growth factor 10) |
25ng/㎖ HGF(hepatocyte growth factor) |
10 mM Nicotinamide |
10 nM [Leu15]-Gastrin I human |
1.25 mM N-acetyl-L-cysteine |
5 μM A83-01 |
10 μM Forskolin |
3 μM CHIR99021 |
*0.5 mg/㎖ Matrigel GFR (growth factor reduced) |
간 오가노이드 분화 배지(DM)의 조성 |
10 mM HEPES, 1% GlutaMAX, 100 U/㎖ 페니실린-스트렙토마이신, 0.1% BSA, 1% B27 supplement minus vitamin t를 함유한 Advanced DMEM/F12 |
25 ng/㎖ BMP7 |
100 ng/㎖ FGF19 |
25 ng/㎖ HGF |
10 nM [Leu15]-G astrin I human |
1.25 mM N-acetyl-L-cysteine |
0.5 μM A83-01 |
1㎕ DAPT |
3 μM Dexamethasone |
간 오가노이드 분화 배지(DM)의 조성 |
10 mM HEPES, 1% GlutaMAX, 100 U/㎖ 페니실린-스트렙토마이신, 0.1% BSA, 1% B27 supplement minus vitamin t를 함유한 Advanced DMEM/F12 |
25 ng/㎖ BMP7 |
100 ng/㎖ FGF19 |
25 ng/㎖ HGF |
10 nM [Leu15]-G astrin I human |
1.25 mM N-acetyl-L-cysteine |
0.5 μM A83-01 |
1㎕ DAPT |
3 μM Dexamethasone |
*0.5 mg/㎖ Matrigel GFR (growth factor reduced) |
Claims (23)
2) 상기 단계 1)의 완전 내배엽 세포를 간 내배엽 세포(hepatic endoderm, HE)로 분화시키는 단계;
3) 상기 단계 2)의 간 내배엽 세포를 간 내배엽 오가노이드(hepatic endoderm organoid, hHEO)로 분화시키는 단계;
4) 상기 단계 3)의 간 내배엽 오가노이드를 철 이온을 포함하는 배지에서 간 오가노이드(hepatic organoid, hHO)로 분화시키는 단계; 를 포함하는, 간 오가노이드의 제조방법.
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US18/547,750 US12146155B2 (en) | 2021-02-24 | 2021-04-21 | Method for constructing human pluripotent stem cell-derived liver organoid having enhanced drug metabolic potential and liver organoid constructed by same method |
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WO2024232686A1 (ko) * | 2023-05-09 | 2024-11-14 | 연세대학교 산학협력단 | 간 오가노이드 배양 조성물 및 이를 이용한 간 오가노이드 제조 방법 |
WO2024242230A1 (ko) * | 2023-05-19 | 2024-11-28 | 한국화학연구원 | 인간 전분화능줄기세포 유래 간 오가노이드 성숙화를 포함하는 간 오가노이드의 제조 방법 및 그로부터 제조된 간 오가노이드 |
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Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
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Journal of Hepatology, vol.70,pp.1145~1158(2019)* * |
THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY,vol.286(47),pp.40750~40759(2011)* * |
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WO2024232686A1 (ko) * | 2023-05-09 | 2024-11-14 | 연세대학교 산학협력단 | 간 오가노이드 배양 조성물 및 이를 이용한 간 오가노이드 제조 방법 |
WO2024242230A1 (ko) * | 2023-05-19 | 2024-11-28 | 한국화학연구원 | 인간 전분화능줄기세포 유래 간 오가노이드 성숙화를 포함하는 간 오가노이드의 제조 방법 및 그로부터 제조된 간 오가노이드 |
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