KR20220002218U - Accurate sun-tracking device for pv arrays - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a solar panel array that conforms to the principle of accurate sun tracking that the two degrees of freedom can be adjusted independently of each other if the diurnal rotation axis is parallel to the earth's rotation axis and the high-angle rotation axis according to the playing motion is installed perpendicular to the diurnal rotation axis. It is about a solar tracker for Each of the arc-shaped driving wheels installed on a plurality of solar panel frames is connected with a wire loop, so that the height of each solar panel can be adjusted at the same time. If the elevation angle is manually rotated once a month, and the diurnal rotation is rotated from the same position at a certain time on any day without special control, accurate tracking guaranteeing the maximum incident energy is achieved. It is expected to be used as a basic module for mid-to-large photovoltaic power generation from factories with advantages such as small movement space and stable structure due to the effect of the gimbal-type mechanism structure and wire loop.

Description

Accurate sun tracking device for solar panel arrays

The present invention relates to a device that can accurately track the sun using two independent degrees of freedom according to the rotation and orbital motion of the earth in relation to solar power generation.

The technology that is the background of the present invention is a "precise independent two-degree-of-freedom sun tracking device" (application number 10-2021-0021814, filing date 2021.02.18., Byeong-Man Kwak, Jun-Young Kwak, Kyeong-Woon Kwak), and the disclosed device uses the diurnal axis of rotation of the earth. It is arranged parallel to the axis of rotation, rotates at the same angular speed as the earth's rotation but in the opposite direction to follow the sun from east to west. , "Principle of Exact Sun-following by Independent 2-DOF," Byung-Man Kwak, Jun-Young Kwak, and Kyeong-Woon Kwak) is to use

The prior art other than the above-mentioned prior art does not satisfy both conditions of this principle or use the independence of the two degrees of freedom. Most of the existing two-axis tracking devices are devices in which the diurnal axis of rotation is disposed perpendicular to the earth's surface, or an elevation axis of rotation that adjusts the elevation angle is fixed to the earth instead of the diurnal axis of rotation that should be fixed to the earth. The installation order is reversed, so the two degrees of freedom are linked to each other. As none of the existing inventions guarantees or uses the independence of two degrees of freedom, it has no choice but to compose a complex mechanism and perform linked control. In this invention, since diurnal rotation and high-angle rotation are independent of each other, the high-angle rotation according to the playing movement is manually adjusted about once a month, and even if the diurnal rotation is adjusted every hour, the sunlight can be tracked very accurately. Therefore, one drive motor and one control are sufficient, which is economical and simple to control.

In the background art described above, only one embodiment of a solar panel device is shown, and a device suitable for medium-to-large photovoltaic power generation using a solar panel array (Solar Panel Array or Photovoltaic Array) is not included. In addition, in the solar tracking device for one unit disclosed in the background art, as the size of the unit increases, the movement space according to the diurnal motion and the change in elevation is required, so there is a limitation in increasing the device.

The purpose of the present invention is to use a two-degree-of-freedom device that is independent from each other for accurate tracking of the sun, so that it can be adjusted simply without using a sensor. It is to provide an accurate solar tracking device configuration for a solar panel array suitable for medium and large-sized photovoltaic power generation.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention fixes a plurality of solar panel frames to each of the diurnal rotation shafts with hinges to conform to the “principle of accurate sun tracking using independent 2 degrees of freedom”, and connects each driving wheel in series through a wire loop. tied together and adjusted at the same time.

As described above, according to the present invention, a plurality of solar panel units are connected in series so that each rotation is made at the same time, so the adjustment is simple, the movement space is not large, and the mechanism with a gimbal shape has a simple and robust structure. It has the effect of having good mechanical properties.

1 is a representative view of the background art for the present invention (cited)
2 is a plan view and a side view of an independent two-degree-of-freedom solar panel array sun tracking device of the present invention;

Before explaining the present invention, the background of the “precise independent two-degree-of-freedom sun tracking device” is summarized by citing FIG. 1 of the background art. When the diurnal motion frame 103 is installed in the direction of the Earth's rotation axis, that is, the North Star direction, and the high-angle rotation shaft 104 is vertically fixed to the diurnal rotation axis by a hinge, the independence of the two rotational degrees of freedom is secured. Although this background invention shows an embodiment for one solar panel unit, the present invention relates to a solar tracking device of a solar panel array that can be applied to medium and large-sized power generation.

The mechanism of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 2 as follows. The overall shape of the mechanism is in the form of a two-axis gimbal, and there are an external gimbal frame and an internal gimbal frame, and the internal gimbal frame may consist of a plurality of frames. The external gimbal frame, that is, the diurnal motion frame (3), is installed on the south pole (1) and the north pole (2) toward the North Star through bearings (4) and (5), and one of the inner gimbal frames, the solar panel frame ( 6) is installed on the diurnal motion frame 3 through the bearings 7 and 8, and a plurality of solar panel frame arrays can be configured in the same shape. 2 illustrates an array of four solar panels.

The rotation of the solar panel frame 6 is adjusted through a semi-circular driving wheel 9 installed vertically at the bottom, and each driving wheel of the solar panel array is tied with a wire loop 10 by the positioning device 21 The position of the drive wheel 9 is adjusted by pulling or pushing the wire. The reason that the shape of the driving wheel 9 is an arc is so that the length of the wire loop does not change even if the wire is pushed or pulled. If it is not in the shape of an arc, the length of the loop will be lengthened or shortened, so to absorb the change in length, a movable roller must be installed, and a device such as a constant tension or a spring must be provided. The wire loop 10 is connected as follows. The wire fixed to the arc-shaped attachment point 12 of the drive wheel 9 follows a groove-shaped arc provided in the drive wheel 9, passes through the wire winding cylinder 19, passes through the roller 20, and is attached to the drive wheel attachment point. (17) is connected. The attachment point 18 and the attachment point 15 are connected with a wire through the arc of each drive wheel, and the attachment point 16 and the attachment point 13, and the attachment point 14 and the attachment point 11 are also connected thereto. connected together When the wire winding cylinder 19 operated by the wire winding handle 22 winds or unwinds the wire, each solar panel rotates at the same angle. And by inserting the handle stop pin 23 at the end of the wire winding handle 22 into the handle stop hole 24, the position of the wire loop can be fixed. The handle stop hole 24 is disposed so that the wire loop position marker 26 goes to the desired position indicated on the adjustment position indicator 25 . It goes without saying that the force required for the winding handle can be reduced by using the heat of the teeth to drive the winding cylinder.

Another embodiment constituting the wire loop is to install a sprocket on the rotation shaft of each solar panel frame and tie them with a chain to form a chain loop. In this case, the length of the chain loop is constant. However, as looseness can occur, one of the guide sprockets can be moved and supported by a spring to prevent loosening by applying proper tension. An embodiment using a chain loop is not shown.

23.45°범위로 움직이기때문에 단속적으로 조정하여도 충분하다. 예를 들어 한 달에 한번 조정의 경우 와이어루프의 위치는 동지에서 하지까지와 하지에서 동지까지가 같은 위치들을 가지기 때문에 6개의 구멍이 필요하다. 한 달에 한번 조정을 하여도 태양광 에너지 손실(코사인 효과 손실)은 수직입사 때의 최대에너지와 비교하여 0.23% 정도이다. In order to change the position of the wire loop or the chain loop, various types of length adjusting devices can be used, and of course, it can be driven using an electric motor or a hydraulic motor without manual operation. Solar panel frame

Since it moves in the range of 23.45°, intermittent adjustment is sufficient. For example, in the case of adjustment once a month, 6 holes are needed because the position of the wire loop has the same positions from winter solstice to summer solstice and from summer solstice to winter solstice. Even if it is adjusted once a month, the solar energy loss (cosine effect loss) is about 0.23% compared to the maximum energy at normal incidence.

The diurnal motion rotation control also attaches the driving wheel 28 to the lower part of the diurnal motion frame 3 perpendicular to the diurnal rotation axis, and sets the position of the wire loop 27 installed to follow the arc of the groove shape to the worm gear motor device 30. can be adjusted When solar tracking devices of the same structure are installed adjacent to each other to form a power generation complex, one wire loop is used in the same way as the solar panel frame array so that the diurnal motion frames of a plurality of adjacent tracking devices are connected to each other, and one worm gear motor can be driven by Alternatively, you can select one of the driving wheels, install a worm, a worm gear, a lead screw, etc. on the driving wheel, and adjust it with an electric motor or a hydraulic motor. Even if the diurnal rotation is adjusted intermittently every hour during the day, the energy loss is as low as 0.22%.

The formation of a wire loop for the solar panel frame array and the diurnal motion frame array has the effect of stably holding the structure and making it strong against disturbances such as wind. In addition, although there is an advantage that the offset amount of the mass of the rotating body with respect to the diurnal rotation axis is not large, the balance can be precisely balanced by installing the rotating mass counterweight 31 in order to reduce the torque required for adjustment.

Of course, the term "Wire" in the present invention may be a rope, a wire rope, a string, a chain, and the like. In addition, the wire loop driving system shown in FIG. 2 is one embodiment, and of course, a positioning mechanism such as a lead screw, a rack and a pinion, for example, may be used.

Adjustment of the diurnal rotation is very simple because it is necessary to control the diurnal frame 3 to be in the correct position at a certain time before the start of the operation at sunrise and rotate it at a constant angle increment every hour. For example, if 5 hours before solstice time is taken as the reference position, this is the position where the diurnal rotation axis is rotated by 75° (=15°X 5) from the south to the east, and on any day, starting at 75° east of the Rotating it to the west in ° increments makes tracking the sun very accurate. Therefore, there is no need to adjust the origin or error according to the date. This is possible because the two degrees of freedom are independent, and since the two degrees of freedom are not independent in the prior invention, it is in great contrast to having to input the desired angular positions of the two degrees of freedom daily according to calculations or lookup tables even if open-loop control is performed. Although the device of the present invention actually has two degrees of freedom, manual adjustment of the elevation angle according to planned maintenance is sufficient, so it has the same effect as a one-axis system that adjusts every predetermined time with one motor. In addition, even with intermittent adjustment, the incident energy efficiency is almost maximum because it is very accurate. In addition to using only one motor, the power consumption is very low because the power can be turned off except for the adjustment time.

In the case of a limited installation space such as a rooftop, the diurnal motion frame (3) equipped with a wire roof and a solar panel frame array can be installed as a single independent module in the north-south or east-west direction to be used as a single-axis (one-axis) solar tracker. Of course.

The arrangement of the structural elements of the frame and the wire driving device shown in FIG. 2 are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited thereto and should be interpreted as having the widest scope according to the principles and configurations disclosed herein.

This invention is a device that can independently adjust two degrees of freedom so that the solar panel array can accurately track the sun. Of course, it is expected to be used as a basic module for medium and large-sized solar power generation from factories.

1: South Pillar 2: North Pillar
3: diurnal motion frame 4, 5: diurnal motion frame bearing
6: Solar panel frame 7, 8: Solar panel frame support bearing
9: Solar panel frame driving wheel 10: Solar panel frame wire loop
11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18: wire attachment point of the drive wheel
19: wire winding cylinder 20: wire roller
21: wire loop positioning device 22: wire winding handle
23: handle stop pin 24: handle stop hole
25: adjustment position indicator 26: wire loop position indicator
27: diurnal motion frame driving wire loop 28: diurnal motion frame driving wheel
29: circular motion wire support roller 30: worm gear motor device
31: rotating mass counterweight 32: horizontal plane

Claims (3)

It relates to a device that tracks the sun,
In order to conform to the principle of accurate sun tracking by two independent degrees of freedom, a diurnal rotation axis parallel to the earth's rotation axis, a plurality of solar panel frames installed perpendicular to the rotation axis, and a mechanism arranged in an array with an elevation rotation axis;
A mechanism for rotating a plurality of solar panels equally,
Accurate sun tracking device for solar panel arrays including a diurnal frame and a drive that can automatically and manually adjust the rotation angle of the elevation frame. The method of claim 1,
A device for rotating a plurality of solar panels equally comprises an arc-shaped driving wheel installed under each solar panel frame and a wire loop connecting them. The method of claim 1,
A mechanism for rotating a plurality of solar panels identically includes a sprocket installed on a rotation shaft of each solar panel frame and a chain loop connecting them.

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