KR20210113579A - Internal combustion engine system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine system, the internal combustion engine system comprising an internal combustion engine generating an exhaust gas, an exhaust gas receiver for receiving the exhaust gas, a turbocharger, and a low flash point fuel supply line for supplying a low flash point fuel from a low flash point fuel supply unit to the internal combustion engine, wherein the fuel supply line includes a first pipe for guiding the low flash point fuel at a preset fuel pressure to the internal combustion engine and a second barrier, the second barrier defines a space between the first pipe and the second barrier to enclose the first pipe and prevent a leakage of the low flash point fuel from the low flash point fuel supply line for stability of an engine room, and the space includes a liquid having a liquid pressure higher than the pressure of the low flash point fuel. The internal combustion engine system according to the present invention can prevent a leakage of fuel from the low flash point fuel supply line and detect a point of leakage before the point of leakage becomes a critical size in an engine room environment.

Description

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE SYSTEM

The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine system, the internal combustion engine system generating an exhaust gas, an exhaust gas receiver for receiving the exhaust gas, a turbocharger, and a low flash point for supplying fuel from a fuel supply to the internal combustion engine (flash point) Includes fuel supply lines. The invention also relates to a vessel.

When designing ships, such as container ships and tankers, the main focus is to avoid damage to the environment and safety during shipping.

To protect the environment, ships may be required to operate on different types of fuel, such as biogas or natural gas. These requirements create challenges because these gases are low flash point fuels and can be ignited more easily, leading to a higher risk in a ship's onboard engine room. Accordingly, the regulations require that the supply line for supplying gas to the engine be double-walled to reduce the risk of leaks and thus the ignition of such leaking gases. However, it is a very complex pipe system, and a detected leak can be very difficult to locate before the leak becomes of significant size.

It is an object of the present invention to overcome in whole or in part the above-mentioned disadvantages and drawbacks of the prior art. More specifically, the objective is that a leak in a low flash point fuel supply line will not cause fuel to leak from the supply line, and that the leak is detected before the leak becomes of a critical size for the environment in the engine room. and to provide an improved internal combustion engine system that provides a safer system.

Together with a number of other objects, advantages and features, which will become apparent from the description below, the above objects are achieved by the solution according to the invention by an internal combustion engine system, which internal combustion engine system comprises:

an internal combustion engine that produces exhaust gases,

an exhaust gas receiver for receiving the exhaust gas;

turbocharger,

a low flash point fuel supply line for supplying a low flash point fuel from a low flash point fuel supply to an internal combustion engine;

The low flash point fuel supply line is

a first pipe configured to guide a low flash point fuel to the internal combustion engine at a predetermined fuel pressure; and

a second pipe, the second pipe enclosing the first pipe to provide a space between the first pipe and the second pipe to prevent leakage of the low flash point fuel from the low flash point fuel supply line for engine room safety stipulate,

The space contains a liquid having a higher liquid pressure than the fuel pressure.

Together with a number of other objects, advantages and features, which will become apparent from the description below, the above objects are achieved by the solution according to the invention by means of an internal combustion engine system, which system comprises:

an internal combustion engine that produces exhaust gases,

an exhaust gas receiver for receiving the exhaust gas;

turbocharger,

a low flash point fuel supply line for supplying a low flash point fuel from the low flash point fuel supply to the internal combustion engine;

The low flash point fuel supply line is

a first pipe configured to direct a low flash point fuel to the internal combustion engine at a predetermined fuel pressure; and

a second pipe, the second pipe surrounding the first pipe, defining a space between the first pipe and the second pipe, forming a second barrier towards the engine room;

The space contains a liquid having a higher liquid pressure than the lower flash point fuel pressure.

A low flash point fuel means a fuel having a flash point of less than 60° C. at 1 atmosphere.

In addition, the liquid may have a compressibility of less than 9/10 ^{-10 Pa -1 at 25°C.}

Moreover, the liquid may have a bulk modulus greater than 1.1 GPa.

In addition, the liquid may be non-corrosive, non-toxic and/or non-flammable.

Moreover, the liquid may be water, ionic liquids, silicone liquids, or a combination thereof.

Furthermore, the first pipe and/or the second pipe may have a circular cross-section, a rectangular cross-section, or a triangular cross-section.

Also, the liquid may have a higher heat capacity than that of a low flash point fuel.

Additionally, the liquid may have a higher heat capacity than that of a gas, such as an inert gas.

Also, the low flash point fuel pressure may be greater than 300 bar.

The present invention may further comprise a pump, such as a variable displacement pump.

Furthermore, the variable displacement pump may be an axial piston pump with an adjustable swashplate.

Also, the pump may provide a predetermined flow rate of liquid in the space.

Also, the pump may have a capacity smaller than ^{100 cm 3 /min.}

Moreover, the pump may be operatively connected with a pump control unit for controlling the liquid pressure in the space.

The present invention may further include a check valve fluidly connected to the outlet of the pump to prevent liquid from entering the space but returning the liquid.

The pump control unit also includes a cylinder and an adjustable valve fluidly connected to the outlet of the pump, the cylinder being connected to the pump for regulating the output pressure of the pump.

In addition, the internal combustion engine system may further include a throttle for leaking a portion of the liquid from the space to the liquid tank.

Further, the pump may be operatively connected with a pump control unit for adjusting the output pressure of the pump.

Moreover, the pump may be operatively connected with a pump control unit for controlling the liquid pressure Pl to maintain a substantially constant pressure in the space.

The pump can also circulate a liquid in the space to adjust the temperature of the low flash point fuel.

Furthermore, the internal combustion engine system further includes a system control unit for actuating a system valve to close the supply of the low flash point fuel from the low flash point fuel supply line when a leak is detected, the system control unit comprising: and a sensor for measuring the pressure and/or temperature of the liquid in the space for detection of a leak in the low flash point fuel supply line.

The system control unit also provides a second fuel supply line that, when closing the system valve, supplies another low flash point fuel, conventional fuel, marine diesel, or "heavy fuel" to the internal combustion engine. may be configured to open.

Additionally, the system control unit may include a sensor for measuring the pressure and/or temperature of the low flash point fuel in the first pipe.

The liquid may also include a tracer for detection of the position of the leak in the first pipe.

The tracer may also be a colorant or chemical.

Furthermore, the liquid may include an emulsified oil.

In addition, the pump may be driven by a motor.

Also, the motor may be an asynchronous electric motor.

Additionally, the pump may be a swash plate pump.

Also, the capacity of the pump may be selected such that the volume of fluid passing per unit time ^{is lower than 10·10 -6} m ^{3 /min.}

The low flash point fuel may also include ethane gas, ethene gas, methane gas, methanol, natural gas, biological gas, ammonia, ethanol, and the like.

The invention also relates to a vessel, the vessel comprising:

upper deck

an internal combustion engine system, and

an engine room containing an internal combustion engine;

The second pipe is arranged at least in the engine compartment to prevent leakage of the low flash point fuel from the engine compartment.

In addition, the low flash point fuel supply may be arranged above the upper deck of the vessel or otherwise separate from the engine compartment.

Furthermore, the second pipe may be arranged only below the upper deck.

Furthermore, the second pipe may be arranged only in the engine compartment.

Furthermore, the NO _x reduction unit may comprise one or more catalytic reactor(s).

Also, the NO _x reduction unit may be a high pressure SCR system.

The internal combustion engine system may also include one or more catalytic reactor housing(s) having a volume of at least 200 liters.

Moreover, the combustion engine system may further include a heat exchanger, such as a boiler.

In addition, the internal combustion engine may also be powered by a fuel having a sulfur content of at least 0.05%.

The internal combustion engine may be a large two-stroke internal combustion engine.

Additionally, the internal combustion engine may be a large turbocharged two-stroke internal combustion engine of the crosshead type.

Furthermore, the internal combustion engine of the combustion engine system may be a two-stroke or four-stroke internal combustion engine.

The invention and its many advantages will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings, which show, for purposes of illustration, some non-limiting embodiments.
1 shows a side view of a ship having an internal combustion engine system according to the invention;
2 shows a diagram of a fuel supply line, a pump, and a pump control unit of another internal combustion engine system.
All drawings are highly schematic and not necessarily drawn to scale, and these drawings merely show those parts necessary to explain the present invention, other parts are omitted or only suggested.

1 shows an internal combustion engine system 1 arranged in an engine room 102 mounted on a ship 100 . The internal combustion engine system 1 includes an internal combustion engine 2 for generating exhaust gas, an exhaust gas receiver 3 for receiving the exhaust gas, and a turbocharger 4 . The internal combustion engine system 1 further comprises a low flash point fuel supply 6 for supplying a low flash point fuel 25 to the internal combustion engine 2 such that the internal combustion engine 2 operates on an environmentally approved fuel. . The low flash point fuel supply 6 may be arranged on the upper deck 101 or in a tank or container below the deck (not shown). The internal combustion engine system 1 further comprises a low flash point fuel supply line 5 for supplying a low flash point fuel 25 from a low flash point fuel supply 6 . The low flash point fuel supply line 5 comprises a first pipe 7 configured to guide the low flash point fuel 25 to the internal combustion engine 2 at a predetermined fuel pressure Pg. At least along a portion of the first pipe 7 arranged in the engine compartment 102 , the low flash point fuel supply line 5 prevents the low flash point fuel from leaking from the low flash point fuel supply line 5 for engine compartment safety. a second pipe 8 surrounding the first pipe 7 defining a space 9 between the first pipe 7 and the second pipe 8 to prevent it. The space 9 contains a liquid 10 having a higher liquid pressure Pl than the fuel pressure Pg of the low flash point fuel 25 in the first pipe 7 .

By having the liquid 10 in the space 9 instead of an inert gas or similar gas, the space 9 is filled with a substantially incompressible fluid, so that very small leaks can occur in space 9 even further away from the leak. is easily detectable by a simple measurement of the pressure of When the liquid pressure Pl in the space 9 is reduced to a pressure equal to the fuel pressure Pg in the first pipe 7 , a leak is detected in the first pipe 7 ; And when the liquid pressure Pl of the space 9 is reduced to a pressure lower than the fuel pressure Pg of the first pipe 7 , a leak is detected in the second pipe 8 .

Since the liquid 10 is substantially incompressible, the liquid 10 will enter the leak in the flow to the first pipe 7 and displace the low flash point fuel 25 therein, and thus the second The low flash point fuel 25 in one pipe 7 will not flow out through the leak into the space 9 as may sometimes occur in known systems. Moreover, detecting the position of the leak is much easier if there is still a part of the liquid 10 that has entered through the leak, and thus detection of the position of the leak is as in known systems. This is done much more easily than with an inert gas in the space 9 .

Also, since the liquid 10 in the space 9 enters the first pipe 7 and not vice versa, the liquid 10 is, like a gas in known systems, at a significant flow rate, 30 per hour. no need to be exchanged. Thus, the pressurization and control of the pressure in the space 9 is much easier than if the fluid in the space 9 was a gas, such as an inert gas or air, and was not a liquid. Control of pressure and pressure also requires less energy than exchanging gas because liquid 10 does not need to circulate, and is substantially smaller than if space 9 had been ventilated with gas. A capacity pump may be used.

Moreover, the liquid 10 does not mix with the low flash point fuel 25 in the first pipe 7 as it passes through the leak, and the flow rate through the leak is such that the space 9 is filled with gas and thereafter It does not increase as much as when space gas streams into the low flash point fuel 25 in the first pipe 7 , or conversely creates a local decrease in temperature at the leak opening at high velocity. This temperature decrease increases the risk of further breakage of the leak, and as the leak becomes more damaged, the leak becomes much larger very quickly. When using liquid in space 9, the temperature will not drop quickly, and thus the leak is more likely to retain its size, and the leak can be detected and repaired, and the life of the supply system is is increased Moreover, when using the liquid 10 in the space 9 , it is easier to achieve a tight barrier between the engine compartment 102 and a low flash point fuel having a fuel pressure of more than 300 bar in the first pipe 7 . .

Thus, by using liquid 10 in space 9 instead of gas, leaks can be detected before they reach a critical size. If the space 9 is filled with liquid 10 instead of circulated gas, the dynamic load is reduced in the low flash point fuel supply line 5 because between the first pipe 7 and the second pipe 8 . This is because the pressure difference can be set to be very small.

The liquid 10 is a substantially non-compressible, which means that having a compressibility of less than 9 and 10 ^-10 Pa ^-1 and at 25 ℃, and liquid, for example, about 4.55 and 10 ^-10 Pa at 25 ℃ ^- of It may be water having compressibility. Moreover, the liquid 10 may be non-corrosive, non-toxic and/or non-flammable. Liquid 10 may be water, ionic liquids, silicone liquids, or a combination thereof, and some kind of lubricant to lubricate the pump may be added to liquid 10 . Thus, liquid 10 can be inexpensive and easily accessible water, and water is also a very neutral liquid with respect to important factors of not being toxic or flammable. Liquid 10 may include an emulsified oil to reduce the corrosive effects of water.

Moreover, the liquid 10 has a higher heat capacity than that of a gas, such as an inert gas. Thereby, it is obtained that the temperature of the low flash point fuel 25 in the first pipe 7 can be kept more constant during transport from the low flash point fuel supply 6 to the internal combustion engine 2 . Often, the low flash point fuel 25 is tempered at or close to the low flash point fuel supply 6 , and thus, the liquid 10 in the space 9 is such that the space 9 has been filled with gas. It functions as an isolator to maintain the preset temperature much better than the case.

In some embodiments, the fuel supply line 5 has only the first pipe 7 above the deck, and the second pipe 8 is preferentially added to surround the first pipe 7 below the deck.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the internal combustion engine system 1 further comprises a pump 11 , for example a variable displacement pump. The variable displacement pump may be an axial piston pump with an adjustable swash plate. When the pump, depending on its setpoint, maintains a certain pressure somewhat above the low flash point fuel pressure, the small flow is diverted and returned through the orifice to the suction side of the pump. This flow will only correspond to a slightly angled swash plate away from the zero stroke. Any leakage from the space between the low flash point fuel piping (the first pipe) and the second pipe should result in an increase in the swash plate angle to maintain the pressure. Therefore, leakage of the same degree as the bypass flow can be detected by monitoring the actual swash plate angle. A pump with a low capacity of approximately 10 cm ³ /min will also have low bypass flow and thus imply the ability to detect small leaks. Low pump capacity sometimes requires building up the pressure, but this is not critical. Compared to systems with a ventilated external pipe, such as a ventilation volume of 30 exchanges per hour, the power requirements for the variable displacement pump of the present invention and the space required for installation are substantially smaller.

Moreover, prior art high capacity pumps pump at high flow, and small leaks are difficult to register compared to low capacity pumps.

As can be seen in FIG. 2 , the pump 11 is driven by a motor, for example an asynchronous electric motor, and a pump control for controlling the liquid pressure Pl to maintain a substantially constant pressure in the space 9 . It is operatively connected with the unit 12 . The internal combustion engine system 1 has a check valve 16 fluidly connected to the outlet 17 of the pump 11 to prevent the liquid 10 from entering the space 9 but returning the liquid 10 . ) is further included. The pump control unit 12 comprises an adjustable valve 18 fluidly connected to the outlet 17 of the pump 11 , and the pump control unit 12 comprises a cylinder 21 , wherein the cylinder 21 is connected to the pump 11 for regulating the output pressure of the pump 11 . Accordingly, the pump control unit 12 is operatively connected to the pump 11 for adjusting the output pressure of the pump 11 by, for example, adjusting the inclination of the swash plate of the variable regulation pump. The pump 11 is a low flash point fuel where, for example, the low flash point fuel 25 has to be cooled in the first part of the low flash point fuel supply line 5 and then heated before entering the internal combustion engine 2 . A liquid (10) is circulated in space (9) to adjust the temperature of (25). The internal combustion engine system 1 is for leaking a portion of the liquid 10 from the space 9 into the liquid tank 20 so as to maintain a small circulation in the space 9 and thus some activation of the pump 11 . It further comprises a throttle (19).

1 , an internal combustion engine system 1 is a system control unit for actuating a system valve 15 to close the supply of low flash point fuel 25 from a low flash point fuel supply line 5 when a leak is detected. (14) is further included. The system control unit 14 comprises a sensor 26 for measuring the pressure and/or temperature of the liquid 10 in the space 9 for detection of a leak in the low flash point fuel supply line 5 . . The system control unit 14 comprises a gas sensor 23 (shown in FIG. 2 ) for measuring the pressure and/or temperature of the low flash point fuel 25 in the first pipe 7 .

The liquid 10 may comprise a tracer for detection of the position of the leak in the first pipe 7 . The tracer may be a colorant or other traceable chemical so that when the liquid 10 flows into the first pipe 7, a leak is indicated.

The low flash point fuel 25 may include methane gas, synthesized methane gas, ethane gas, methanol, natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, gaseous petroleum gas, biological gas, ammonia gas, ammonia liquid, ethanol, gasoline, and the like.

The internal combustion engine system 1 may further comprise a NO _x reduction unit 27 , the NO x reduction unit comprising one or more catalytic reactor(s) and one or more catalytic reactor housing(s) having a volume of at least 200 liters do. The NO _x reduction unit 27 may further include a reducing agent supply unit, configured to administer a predetermined amount of a reducing agent, such as ammonia, before entering or entering the exhaust gas in the _{NO x reduction unit 27 (} dosing).

Moreover, the internal combustion engine system 1 may further comprise a heat exchanger, for example a boiler. The internal combustion engine 2 may also be powered by a fuel having a sulfur content of at least 0.05% via a second fuel supply line 22 . And the internal combustion engine 2 may be a large turbocharged two-stroke internal combustion engine of the crosshead type.

Although the invention has been described above in connection with preferred embodiments of the invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several modifications are possible without departing from the invention as defined by the following claims.

Claims (10)

An internal combustion engine system (1) comprising:
an internal combustion engine (2) for generating exhaust gases;
an exhaust gas receiver (3) for receiving exhaust gases;
a turbocharger (4), and
a low flash point fuel supply line (5) for supplying a low flash point fuel from a low flash point fuel supply (6) to the internal combustion engine (2);
The low flash point fuel supply line,
a first pipe (7) configured to guide a low flash point fuel to the internal combustion engine (2) at a predetermined fuel pressure (Pg), and
a second pipe (8), wherein the second pipe surrounds the first pipe to prevent leakage of the low flash point fuel from the low flash point fuel supply line (5) for engine room safety. define a space (9) between the first pipe (7) and the second pipe (8),
The space (9) contains a liquid (10) having a liquid pressure (Pl) higher than the fuel pressure (Pg),
Internal combustion engine system (1). According to claim 1,
The liquid 10 has a compressibility of less than 9/10 ^{-10 Pa -1 at 25° C.,}
Internal combustion engine system (1). 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
wherein the liquid 10 is water, ionic liquids, silicone liquids, or a combination thereof.
Internal combustion engine system (1). 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
wherein the liquid (10) has a higher heat capacity than the heat capacity of the low flash point fuel;
Internal combustion engine system (1). 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A pump (11), for example, further comprising a variable displacement pump,
Internal combustion engine system (1). 6. The method of claim 5,
The pump 11 has a capacity smaller than ^{100 cm 3 /min,}
Internal combustion engine system (1). 7. The method according to claim 5 or 6,
the pump (11) is operatively connected with a pump control unit (12) for controlling the liquid pressure (Pl) in the space (9);
Internal combustion engine system (1). 8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
a system control unit (14) for actuating a system valve (15) to close the supply of low flash point fuel from said low flash point fuel supply line (5) when a leak is detected and the system control unit 14 comprises a sensor for measuring the pressure and/or temperature of the liquid 10 in the space 9 for detection of a leak in the low flash point fuel supply line 5 . (26) comprising;
Internal combustion engine system (1). 9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
The liquid (10) comprises a tracer for detection of the position of a leak in the first pipe (7).
Internal combustion engine system (1). upper deck 101;
10. An internal combustion engine system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, and
an engine room (102) comprising an internal combustion engine (2);
a second pipe (8) is arranged at least in the engine compartment (102) to prevent leakage of low flash point fuel in the engine compartment (102)
Ship (100).

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